Rhode Island Law :: U.S. Law

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xml:lang="en" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/sites/law.justia.com/files/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <meta name="description" content="Rhode Island Case Law"> <title>Rhode Island Law :: U.S. Law :: Justia</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/css/core.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/all/themes/justia_law_theme/static/law.css?11072014" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/css/dockets.css" /> <link href="https://company.justia.com" rel="publisher" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_144.svg" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="144x144" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_144.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="128x128" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_128.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" sizes="16x16 24x24 32x32 48x48 64x64 96x96 128x128" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/justia.ico" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="57x57" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_57.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="72x72" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="114x114" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="144x144" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_flat_144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" type="image/png" sizes="57x57" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_3d_57.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" type="image/png" sizes="72x72" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_3d_72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" type="image/png" sizes="114x114" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_3d_114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" type="image/png" sizes="144x144" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/jbutton_3d_144.png" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" sizes="16x16 24x24 32x32 48x48 64x64 96x96 128x128" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/justia/justia.ico" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Rhode Island Law" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Justia Law" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://law.justia.com/rhode-island/" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/social-media/law.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:admins" content="656268335,686786921,25900864" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="119529808075661" /> <link rel="image_src" href="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/social-media/law.jpg" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://law.justia.com/rhode-island/" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta name="is-logged-in" content="0" /> <meta name="page-type" content="Law: Other" /> <meta name="trigger-ga" content="1" /> <script> var trackOutboundLink = function(url, isExternal) {} </script> <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js"></script> <script> window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/sites/all/themes/justia_law_theme/static/jquery.1.8.3.min.js"><\/script>') </script>  <script> (function(w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-P2QTGCR'); </script> </head> <body class="sticky-footer content-right-sidebar" data-directive="j-gdpr" data-privacy-policy-url="https://www.justia.com/privacy-policy/">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-P2QTGCR" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <header id="header" data-directive="j-topnav"> <div id="sticky-nav"> <div class="burger-wrapper"> <div id="hamburger" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header" data-gtm-label="Hamburger" class="hamburger"> <div class="inner-ham" style="pointer-events:none"> <span class="lns ln2-1" style="pointer-events:none"></span> <span class="lns ln2-2" style="pointer-events:none"></span> </div> </div> <div id="header-nav"> <div class="inner-wrapper"> <div class="logo-wrapper"> <a href="/" title="Justia Law" class="logo"> <img data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header" data-gtm-label="Logo" src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/branding/logos/sites/justia.svg" alt="Justia"> <img data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header" data-gtm-label="Logo - Subdomain" class="sub-domain" src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/branding/logos/sites/law.svg" alt="Case Law"> </a> </div> <div class="buttons-wrapper"> <div class="topnav-button search-icon" id="search-icon-button"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/white/search.svg" alt="search" width="22" height="22" /> </div> <div class="topnav-button sign-in-icon" id="sign-in-icon-button"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/white/profile.svg" alt="My Account" width="20" height="20"> </div> <div id="accounts-buttons-wrapper"> <span class="topnav-button login-buttons" id="login-buttons-wrapper"> <span class="login-buttons-wrapper"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Account" data-gtm-label="Log In" data-directive="j-login" href="https://accounts.justia.com/signin?destination=https://law.justia.com/rhode-island/" class="login">Log In</a> <a href="https://accounts.justia.com/" class="sign-up">Sign Up</a> </span> </span> </div> <div id="search-form-wrapper"> <form action="/lawsearch/redirect-from-header" method="get" class="search-form jform" id="search-form"> <div class="input-wrapper"> <input type="text" name="query" value="" id="querybox" title="Search" placeholder="Search"> </div> <button type="submit"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/search.svg" alt="search" width="22" height="22" /> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="subnavigation"> <div class="subnavigation-wrapper"> <ul> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Find a Lawyer" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers">Find a Lawyer</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Ask a Lawyer" href="https://answers.justia.com/">Ask a Lawyer </a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Research the Law" href="https://www.justia.com/">Research the Law</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Law Schools" href="https://www.justia.com/law-schools/">Law Schools</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Laws & Regs" href="https://law.justia.com/">Laws & Regs</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Newsletters" href="https://connect.justia.com/case-law-summary-newsletters">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Marketing Solutions" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/">Marketing Solutions</a> <div class="sublist"> <div class="sublist-section"> <ul> <li class="sublist-section-title"><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Justia Connect" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/connect/">Justia Connect</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Pro Membership" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/connect/#pro-membership">Pro Membership</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Practice Membership" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/connect/#practice-membership">Practice Membership</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Public Membership" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/connect/#public-membership">Public Membership</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="sublist-section"> <ul> <li class="sublist-section-title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Justia Lawyer Directory" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/lawyer-directory/">Justia Lawyer Directory</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Platinum Placements" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/lawyer-directory/platinum/">Platinum Placements</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Gold Placements" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/lawyer-directory/gold/">Gold Placements</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="sublist-section"> <ul> <li class="sublist-section-title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Justia Elevate" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/elevate/">Justia Elevate</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="SEO" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/elevate/search-engine-optimization/">SEO</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Websites & LSA Management" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/elevate/law-firm-websites/">Websites</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Blogs" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/elevate/law-blogs/">Blogs</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="sublist-section"> <ul> <li class="sublist-section-title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Justia Amplify" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/amplify/">Justia Amplify</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="PPC Management" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/amplify/cpc-ppc/">PPC Management</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Google Business Profile" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/amplify/google-business-profile/">Google Business Profile</a> </li> <li> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Social Media" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/amplify/social-media-networking/">Social Media</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="sublist-section"> <ul> <li class="sublist-section-title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Header Navigation" data-gtm-label="Justia Onward Blog" href="https://onward.justia.com/">Justia Onward Blog</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </header> <div class="has-topnav-padding font-opensans" data-directive="j-announcement" data-project="law"></div> <div id="main-content" class="main-content font-opensans"> <nav class="breadcrumbs small-font font-helvetica"> <a href="https://www.justia.com">Justia</a> <span class="breadcrumb-separator"></span> <a href="/">U.S. Law</a> <span class="breadcrumb-separator"></span> Rhode Island Law </nav> <div class="primary-content-wrapper"> <div class="primary-content" id="maincontent"> <div class="wrapper jcard has-padding-30 blocks"> <h1 class="heading-1">Rhode Island Law</h1><div class="content-links -semibold"><p>Rhode Island residents are subject to Rhode Island state and U.S. federal laws. Federal laws apply in Rhode Island as they do across all 50 states. In addition to the U.S. Constitution, which is the supreme law of the U.S., federal laws include statutes that are periodically codified in the U.S. Code. Federal laws also include decisions by courts that interpret federal laws. Finally, federal laws include regulations issued by federal administrative agencies to implement federal laws. You can explore federal laws and related resources by visiting the <a href="/us/">federal law</a> section of the Justia site.</p><p>The state of Rhode Island also has its own state laws. Rhode Island state laws include the Rhode Island Constitution, laws passed by the Rhode Island legislature and periodically codified in the Rhode Island General Laws, and decisions by courts that interpret Rhode Island laws.</p><p>Ratified in 1986, the Rhode Island Constitution is the newest state constitution in the U.S. While Rhode Island was the first American colony to renounce allegiance to the British monarchy, it did not adopt a state constitution until 1842. The Constitution provides for legislatively referred amendments and constitutional conventions. Article XIV allows an amendment proposed in the legislature to appear on a ballot following a majority vote in each chamber of the legislature. Similarly, a proposal for a constitutional convention will appear on a ballot if a majority of each chamber votes in its favor. Furthermore, a proposal for a constitutional convention must appear on a ballot at intervals no greater than 10 years.</p><p>The Rhode Island General Laws contain the laws passed by the Rhode Island legislature. These laws and the provisions of the Rhode Island Constitution are often interpreted by the Rhode Island Supreme Court, which is the only appellate court in the state. The federal Rhode Island District Court also issues decisions that may affect Rhode Island residents. The First Circuit Court of Appeals holds the authority to review decisions by the Rhode Island District Court. Sometimes the U.S. Supreme Court may review a case that has been appealed from the First Circuit or from the Rhode Island Supreme Court.</p></div><h2 class="heading-5 font-w-bold"><a href="/constitution/rhode-island/">Rhode Island Constitution</a></h2><h2 class="heading-5 font-w-bold"><a href="/codes/rhode-island/">Rhode Island General Laws</a></h2><ul><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2024/">2024 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2023/">2023 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2022/">2022 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2021/">2021 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2020/">2020 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2019/">2019 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2018/">2018 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2017/">2017 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2016/">2016 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2015/">2015 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2014/">2014 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2013/">2013 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2012/">2012 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2010/">2010 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2009/">2009 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li><li><a href="/codes/rhode-island/2005/">2005 Rhode Island General Laws</a></li></ul><h2 class="heading-5 font-w-bold"><a href="https://regulations.justia.com/states/rhode-island/">Rhode Island Code of Regulations</a></h2><h2 class="heading-5 font-w-bold"><a href="/cases/rhode-island/">Rhode Island Case Law</a></h2><ul> <li><a href="/cases/rhode-island/supreme-court/">Rhode Island Supreme Court Decisions</a> </li> <li><a href="/cases/rhode-island/superior-court/">Rhode Island Superior Court Decisions</a> </li> </ul> <h2 class="heading-5 font-w-bold"><a href="/cases/federal/district-courts/rhode-island/">Federal Courts - Rhode Island</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://supreme.justia.com">U.S. Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/cases/federal/appellate-courts/circuit-1">First Circuit Court of Appeals</a></li> <li><a href="/cases/federal/district-courts/rhode-island/">Rhode Island Federal District Courts</a></li> <ul> <li><a href="/cases/federal/district-courts/rhode-island/ridce/">Rhode Island District Court</a></li> </ul> </ul> <h2 class='heading-5 font-w-bold'><a href='https://www.justia.com/us-states/rhode-island'>Rhode Island State Resources</a></h2> <div class="view view-jurisdiction-resources view-id-jurisdiction_resources view-display-id-default view-dom-id-1"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <h3><a href="/rhode-island/cities">Rhode Island City Websites & City Codes</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="small-font jcard has-padding-content-block-30 block"> <div class="disclaimer"> This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google <a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://policies.google.com/terms" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a> apply. </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar primary-sidebar"> <aside data-directive="j-lead" data-type="cornell" data-impression="0"> </aside> <aside class="jcard jlead-v2-wrapper -loading" data-directive="j-dynamic-lead" data-property="law"> <div class="jspinner -double-bounce"> <div class="-crl -crl1 bg-justia-blue"></div> <div class="-crl -crl2 bg-justia-blue"></div> </div> </aside> <aside id="newsletter-subscription-aside-widget" class="jcard has-padding-content-block-30 block widget no-space" data-gtm-children="Sidebar"> <strong class="heading-4 has-no-top-margin"> Free Daily Summaries in Your Inbox </strong> <div class="block-wrapper"> <p class="has-no-bottom-margin hidden"> You're all set! You already receive all suggested Justia Opinion Summary Newsletters. You can explore additional available newsletters <a href="https://connect.justia.com/case-law-summary-newsletters" target="_blank">here</a>. </p> <form id="subscribe-aside-form" class="form-v2 hidden" data-directive="j-validator" data-runs-recaptcha="1" data-gtm-type="submission" data-gtm-label="Suggestions Form" data-gtm-category="Summary Newsletters"> <p> Sign up for our free summaries and get the latest delivered directly to you. </p> <strong class="heading-5 has-no-top-margin has-margin-bottom-10"> Our Suggestions: </strong> <div class="jfld-group jfld-options-group has-no-bottom-margin" id="form-v2-options-group1"> <div id="suggestion-options-wrapper" class="options-wrapper has-margin-bottom-10" data-validations="minOptions1" data-container="#suggestion-options-container" data-group="suggestions" /> </div> <div id="suggestion-options-container" class="errors-list"></div> <div class="jfld-group has-no-bottom-margin"> <div class="floating-label" data-directive="j-floating-label"> <span class="jfld-floating-label flabel" id="subscriptions-aside-email-label">Enter Your Email</span> <input id="aside-email" class="form-text jinput-large jfld-block has-margin-top-15 has-margin-bottom-10 ffield" placeholder="Enter email" title="Enter email" aria-labeledby="subscriptions-aside-email-label" required="true" data-validations="isEmail" data-container="#aside-errors" name="aside-email" type="email" value=""> </div> </div> <input class="button button-red save-button width-100-v2" style="min-height:2.8125em" type="submit" value="Sign Up"> <div id="aside-errors" class="errors-list"></div> <div id="aside-g-recaptcha" class="g-recaptcha text-center -display-flex captcha visuallyhidden" data-sitekey="6Lc8e9QZAAAAALXCMYspBhWr45nC7vkovxjiIKzP"></div> </form> </div> <div id="aside-suggestions-errors" class="errors-list"></div> <div id="practice-areas-div" data-practice='""'></div> </aside> <aside class="jcard has-padding-content-block-30 block webinars-you-might-like widget" data-gtm-children="Sidebar"> <strong class="heading-4 has-no-top-margin"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Sidebar" data-gtm-label="All - Connect Webinars" href="https://connect.justia.com/webinars">Webinars for All</a> </strong> <div class="block-wrapper" data-directive="j-webinars-list"> <div class="calendar-event -keep-in-row -with-details -loading has-margin-top-30 has-margin-bottom-30"> <div class="date"></div> <strong class="title small-font line-height-1-3 has-no-margin"> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"> </span> </strong> <div class="details small-font line-height-1-3"> <span class="line"> </span> </div> </div> <hr class="hr"> <div class="calendar-event -keep-in-row -with-details -loading has-margin-top-30 has-margin-bottom-30"> <div class="date"></div> <strong class="title small-font line-height-1-3 has-no-margin"> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"> </span> </strong> <div class="details small-font line-height-1-3"> <span class="line"> </span> </div> </div> <hr class="hr"> <div class="calendar-event -keep-in-row -with-details -loading has-margin-top-30 has-margin-bottom-30"> <div class="date"></div> <strong class="title small-font line-height-1-3 has-no-margin"> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"> </span> </strong> <div class="details small-font line-height-1-3"> <span class="line"> </span> </div> </div> <div class="small-font has-margin-top-20">Justia Webinars are open to all, lawyers and non-lawyers. Lawyers, please visit individual webinar pages for more information about CLE accreditation. </div> </div> </aside><aside id="ask-a-lawyer-widget" class="jcard has-padding-content-block-30 block" data-directive="j-ask-a-lawyer"> <p class="heading-4"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Sidebar" data-gtm-label="All - Ask a Lawyer" href="https://answers.justia.com/">Ask a Lawyer<br/>Get Free Answers</a> </p> <div class="block-wrapper small-font"> <form data-gtm-type="submission" data-gtm-label="Ask a Lawyer" data-gtm-category="Widgets" name="ask-a-lawyer-form" method="post" action="https://answers.justia.com/ask" id="homepage-ask" accept-charset="utf-8"> <p>Have a legal question? Get free answers from experienced lawyers!</p> <button type="submit" name="submit" class="width-100-v2 button button-primary uppercase"> Ask Question </button> </form> </div> </aside>  <aside class="jcard has-padding-content-block-30 block"> <p class="heading-4"> <a href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/rhode-island" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Sidebar" data-gtm-label="Find a Lawyer" id="findalawyerlawlink">Find a Lawyer</a> </p> <div class="block-wrapper"> <form data-gtm-type="submission" data-gtm-label="Find a Lawyer" data-gtm-category="Widgets" name="find-a-lawyer-form" class="jform small-font jform--find-lawyer" action="//lawyers.justia.com/search" method="get" accept-charset="utf-8"> <div class="jfld-group"> <input type="text" name="query" value="" id="lawyer_practice_field" title="Legal Issue or Lawyer Name" placeholder="Legal Issue or Lawyer Name" class="jfld-block"> </div> <div class="jfld-group -side-button clearfix"> <input type="text" name="location" value="Rhode Island" id="lawyer-location" title="City, State" placeholder="City, State"> <input type="submit" value="Search" class="button button-primary search uppercase"> </div> </form> <div class="text-center clear-both"> <strong class="heading-6 has-no-bottom-margin"><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Sidebar" data-gtm-label="All - Lawyers - Get Listed Now!" href="https://lawyers.justia.com/lawyer-directory-listings" class="button button-red-ghost">Lawyers - Get Listed Now!</a></strong> <span class="tiny-font">Get a free directory profile listing</span> </div> </div> </aside> <aside data-directive="j-find-a-lawyer" data-practice="" data-display-tooltip="true" data-level="300"></aside> </div>  <div class="notification-banner hidden hide-print"> <a href="#" class="toggle -expanded " data-section="notification-banner-content" data-directive="j-expand" data-cookie="law-sticky-footer-collapsed"> <span class="visuallyhidden">Toggle button</span> <svg class="jicon -fill-red" role="img" title="Toggle" viewbox="0 0 270 270"> <use xlink:href="/justatic/shared/images/icons/simple-icons-sprite.svg#down"></use> </svg> </a> <div id="notification-banner-content" class="container -expanded has-no-border"> <div class="wrapper"> <p class="text"> <strong>Get free summaries of new <span id="footer-summaries-court-name"></span> opinions delivered to your inbox!</strong> </p> <div class="form-container"> <form id="subscribe-footer-form" class="form-v2" data-directive="j-validator" data-runs-recaptcha="1" data-gtm-type="submission" data-gtm-label="Sticky Footer Form" data-gtm-category="Summary Newsletters"> <input type="hidden" name="footer-summaries-identifier" id="footer-summaries-identifier" value="" /> <div class="jform-simple -always-inline"> <div class="jfld-group floating-label" data-directive="j-floating-label"> <span class="jfld-floating-label flabel" id="subscriptions-footer-email-label">Enter Your Email</span> <input id="footer-email" class="form-text jinput-large jfld-block" placeholder="Enter email" title="Enter email" aria-labeledby="subscriptions-footer-email-label" required="true" data-validations="isEmail" data-container="#footer-errors" name="footer-email" type="email" value="" > </div> <button class="button button-red save-button" type="submit"> <span class="nowrap">Sign Up</span> </button> </div> <div id="footer-errors" class="errors-list text-left has-no-bottom-margin"></div> <div id="footer-g-recaptcha" class="g-recaptcha text-center -display-flex captcha visuallyhidden" data-sitekey="6Lc8e9QZAAAAALXCMYspBhWr45nC7vkovxjiIKzP"></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer"> <div> </div> </footer> </div> <div id="footer" class="-v2 short bg-white color-black"> <div class="wrapper has-no-padding"> <div class="resources font-opensans has-padding-content-block-x2large clearfix"> <div class="section-title">Justia Legal Resources</div> <div class="columns"> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Find a Lawyer" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers">Find a Lawyer</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-01"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-01" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Bankruptcy Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/bankruptcy">Bankruptcy Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Business Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/business-law">Business Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Criminal Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/criminal-law">Criminal Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Employment Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/employment-law">Employment Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Estate Planning Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/estate-planning">Estate Planning Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Family Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/family-law">Family Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Personal Injury Lawyers" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers/personal-injury">Personal Injury Lawyers</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Find a Lawyer - More" href="https://www.justia.com/lawyers">More... </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Individuals" href="https://www.justia.com/individuals/">Individuals</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-02"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-02" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Bankruptcy" href="https://www.justia.com/bankruptcy/">Bankruptcy</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Criminal" href="https://www.justia.com/criminal/">Criminal</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Divorce" href="https://www.justia.com/family/divorce/">Divorce</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="DUI" href="https://www.justia.com/criminal/drunk-driving-dui-dwi/">DUI</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Estate Planning" href="https://www.justia.com/estate-planning/">Estate Planning</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Family Law" href="https://www.justia.com/family/">Family Law</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Personal Injury" href="https://www.justia.com/injury/">Personal Injury</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Individuals - More" href="https://www.justia.com/individuals/">More...</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Business" href="https://www.justia.com/business/">Business</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-03"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-03" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Business Formation" href="https://www.justia.com/business-operations/starting-your-own-business/">Business Formation</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Business Operations" href="https://www.justia.com/business-operations/">Business Operations</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Employment" href="https://www.justia.com/employment/">Employment</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Intellectual Property" href="https://www.justia.com/intellectual-property/">Intellectual Property</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="International Trade" href="https://www.justia.com/international-law/international-trade-law/">International Trade</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Real Estate" href="https://www.justia.com/business-operations/commercial-real-estate-the-law/">Real Estate</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Tax Law" href="https://www.justia.com/tax/">Tax Law</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Business - More" href="https://www.justia.com/business/">More... </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Law Schools" href="https://www.justia.com/law-schools/">Law Schools</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-04"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-04" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Dictionary" href="https://dictionary.justia.com/ ">Dictionary</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Admissions" href="https://www.justia.com/law-students/">Admissions</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Financial Aid" href="https://www.justia.com/law-students/">Financial Aid</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Course Outlines" href="https://www.justia.com/law-schools/outlines/">Course Outlines</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Law Journals" href="https://www.justia.com/law-schools/">Law Journals</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Blogs" href="https://blawgsearch.justia.com/blogs/categories/law-student">Blogs</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Employment" href="https://www.justia.jobs/jobs/summer-associate-legal-internship">Employment</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Law Students - More" href="https://www.justia.com/law-schools/">More...</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="US Federal Law" href="https://law.justia.com/us/">U.S. Federal Law</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-05"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-05" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="US Constitution" href="https://law.justia.com/constitution/us/">U.S. Constitution</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="US Code" href="https://law.justia.com/codes/us">U.S. Code</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Regulations" href="https://regulations.justia.com/">Regulations</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Supreme Court" href="https://supreme.justia.com/">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Circuit Courts" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/">Circuit Courts</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="District Courts" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/">District Courts</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Dockets & Filings" href="https://dockets.justia.com/">Dockets & Filings</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="US Federal Law - More" href="https://law.justia.com/us/">More...</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="US State Law" href="https://law.justia.com/us-states/">U.S. State Law</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-06"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-06" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="State Constitutions" href="https://law.justia.com/us-states/">State Constitutions</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="State Codes" href="https://law.justia.com/codes/">State Codes</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="State Case Law" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/">State Case Law</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="California" href="https://law.justia.com/california/">California</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Florida" href="https://law.justia.com/florida/">Florida</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="New York" href="https://law.justia.com/new-york/">New York</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Texas" href="https://law.justia.com/texas/">Texas</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="US State Law - More" href="https://law.justia.com/us-states/">More... </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Other Databases" href="https://www.justia.com/">Other Databases</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-07"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-07" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Legal Jobs" href="https://www.justia.jobs/">Legal Jobs</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Legal Blogs" href="https://blawgsearch.justia.com/">Legal Blogs</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Business Forms" href="https://contracts.justia.com/">Business Forms</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Product Recalls" href="https://recalls.justia.com/">Product Recalls</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Patents" href="https://patents.justia.com/">Patents</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Trademarks" href="https://trademarks.justia.com/">Trademarks</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Countries" href="https://www.justia.com/countries/">Countries</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Other Databases - More" href="https://www.justia.com/">More...</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-block"> <div class="title"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Marketing Solutions" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/">Marketing Solutions</a> <span class="expand" data-directive="j-expand" data-section="footer-08"> <img src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/images/icons/svgfiles/blue/down.svg" alt="Arrow"> </span> </div> <ul id="footer-08" class="footer-list -collapsed"> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Justia Connect Membership" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/connect/">Justia Connect Membership</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Justia Lawyer Directory" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/lawyer-directory/">Justia Lawyer Directory</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Justia Premium Placements" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/lawyer-directory/#premium-placements">Justia Premium Placements</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Justia Elevate" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/elevate/">Justia Elevate (SEO, Websites)</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Justia Amplify" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/amplify/">Justia Amplify (PPC, GBP)</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Justia Onward Blog" href="https://onward.justia.com/">Justia Onward Blog</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Testimonials" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/testimonials/">Testimonials</a></li> <li><a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer Resources" data-gtm-label="Marketing Solutions - More" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/">More...</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-justia-blue"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="copyright"> <span class="site"> <span class="social-media"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/justia" title="Facebook" target="_blank" class="fb icon"> <img src="https://lawyers.justia.com/s/facebook.svg" width="50" height="50" alt="Facebook" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Social Media - Facebook"> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/justiacom" title="Twitter" target="_blank" class="twitter icon"> <img src="https://lawyers.justia.com/s/twitter.svg" width="50" height="50" alt="Twitter" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Social Media - Twitter"> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/justia" title="LinkedIn" target="_blank" class="linkedin icon"> <img src="https://lawyers.justia.com/s/linkedin.svg" width="50" height="50" alt="LinkedIn" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Social Media - LinkedIn"> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/justia" title="YouTube" target="_blank" class="youtube icon"> <img src="https://lawyers.justia.com/s/youtube.svg" width="50" height="50" alt="YouTube" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Social Media - YouTube" /> </a> <a href="https://lawyers.justia.com/organization/justia-inc-16302" title="Justia Lawyer Directory" class="justia icon"> <img src="https://lawyers.justia.com/s/justia.svg" width="50" height="50" alt="Justia" data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Social Media - Justia Lawyer Directory"> </a> </span> <span class="credits">© 2025 <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Copyright" href="https://www.justia.com/">Justia</a></span> </span> <span class="nav"> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Justia Connect" href="https://connect.justia.com/">Justia Connect</a> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Legal Portal" href="https://www.justia.com/">Legal Portal</a> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Company" href="https://company.justia.com/">Company</a> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Help" href="https://support.justia.com/">Help</a> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Terms of Service" href="https://www.justia.com/terms-of-service/">Terms of Service</a> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Privacy Policy" href="https://www.justia.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> <a data-gtm-type="click" data-gtm-category="Navigation" data-gtm-action="Footer" data-gtm-label="Marketing Solutions" class="nowrap" href="https://www.justia.com/marketing/">Marketing Solutions</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> var CodesTitles={hide_class:null,init:function(e,t){var n = this;n.hide_class = t;n.generateButtons(e);n.initButtons();},generateButtons: function(e) {$(e).each(function(e, t) {$(t).find("> a", 0).before('<span class="us_codes_expand">+ </span>');});},initButtons: function() {var e = this;$(".us_codes_expand").click(function() {var t = $(this);if (t.parent().hasClass(e.hide_class)) {t.parent().removeClass(e.hide_class);t.text("- ");return;}t.parent().addClass(e.hide_class);t.text("+ ");});}};$(document).ready(function() {CodesTitles.init(".us_codes_has_children", "us_codes_hide_children");$("#metadata").hide();$("a#metadata-link").click(function(e) {e.preventDefault();$("#metadata").slideToggle(400);$(this).text($(this).text() == "View Metadata" ? "Hide Metadata" : "View Metadata");return false;});$(".rsssubdrop").mouseover(function() {$("#TW-pop").show();return false;}).mouseout(function() {$("#TW-pop").hide();return false;});var citationText = $("div.citation").text().replace("What's This?", "");var citationLink = $("div.citation a").attr("href");var citationHtml = `<div class="has-margin-bottom-20 citation-wrapper"><span><strong>Universal Citation:</strong></span><div class="citation"><span>${citationText}</span><div class="tooltip-wrapper"data-directive="j-tooltip"data-hover-on="medium-tablet"data-contain="true"data-tooltip-text-selector=".tooltip"data-adjust-position-on="medium-tablet"data-selector=".tooltip-wrapper"><span class="visuallyhidden">Learn more</span><span class="jicon-box -circle -outlined"><span class="jicon jicon-question blue"><span class="tooltip jtooltip -top-tooltip">This media-neutral citation is based on the American Association of Law Libraries Universal Citation Guide and is not necessarily the official citation.</span></span></span></div></div></div>`;$("div.citation").html(citationHtml)}); </script> <script src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/js/core.js"></script> <script src="https://justatic.com/v/20250224085325/shared/js/law.js"></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?onload=recaptchaOnLoad&render=explicit" async defer></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Rhode Island Law :: U.S. Law :: Justia