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#fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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.hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/JR_(%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF)" class="extiw" title="ja:JR (コンピュータ)">the corresponding article</a> in Japanese</b>.  <i><small>(November 2010)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJR_(%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF)&sl=ja&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en">View</a> a machine-translated version of the Japanese article.</li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Consider <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Expand_Japanese#Topics_and_categorization" title="Template:Expand Japanese">adding a topic</a></b> to this template: there are already 1,562 articles in the <a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_Japanese_Wikipedia" title="Category:Articles needing translation from Japanese Wikipedia">main category</a>, and specifying<code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|topic=</code> will aid in categorization.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at [[:ja:JR (コンピュータ)]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|ja|JR (コンピュータ)}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Matsushita_JR_series" title="Talk:Matsushita JR series">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Matsushita JR</b> series was a line of <a href="/wiki/Microcomputer" title="Microcomputer">microcomputers</a> produced by Matsushita Electric Industrial (now <a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a>) during the 1980s. Based on the success of the <a href="/wiki/Sharp_MZ" title="Sharp MZ">Sharp MZ</a> and <a href="/wiki/NEC_PC-8000" class="mw-redirect" title="NEC PC-8000">NEC PC-8000</a> series, it was an attempt by Matsushita to enter the personal computer market. </p><p>The JR series included four computer models: the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_JR-100&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic JR-100 (page does not exist)">JR-100</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_JR-200" title="Panasonic JR-200">JR-200</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_JR-300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic JR-300 (page does not exist)">JR-300</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic_JR-800&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic JR-800 (page does not exist)">JR-800</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JR-100">JR-100</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: JR-100"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The JR-100<sup id="cite_ref-マイコン1982年2月号_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-マイコン1982年2月号-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was released on November 21, 1981, with a price of 54,800 yen.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like the Hitachi Basic Master and <a href="/wiki/Sharp_MZ" title="Sharp MZ">Sharp MZ-80</a>, it was a low-performance, low-priced personal computer offering basic <a href="/wiki/Semigraphics" title="Semigraphics">semi-graphic character based graphics</a>, a monochrome display, and minimal sound ability. The <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a> was an <a href="/wiki/8-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="8-bit">8-bit</a> Panasonic <a href="/w/index.php?title=MN1800A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MN1800A (page does not exist)">MN1800A</a> <a href="/wiki/NMOS_logic" title="NMOS logic">NMOS</a> microprocessor<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (compatible with the <a href="/wiki/Motorola_6800" title="Motorola 6800">Motorola MC6802</a>, a slightly improved version of the <a href="/wiki/Motorola_6800" title="Motorola 6800">Motorola MC6800</a>) running at a slow 0.89 MHz, and it came with 16 KB of RAM (expandable to 32 KB).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Specifications:</b> </p> <ul><li>CPU: MN1800A (MC6802 compatible)</li> <li>Clock speed: 890 kHz</li> <li>RAM: 16-32 KB</li> <li>ROM: 8 KB</li> <li>Graphics: Monochrome; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="768 !">32 × 24</span></span> text characters; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="3072 !">64 × 48</span></span> semi-graphic characters with <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="64 !">8 × 8</span></span> pixel matrix</li> <li>Sound: Internal speaker</li> <li>Connections: Monitor, Expansion, Tape (<a href="/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying" title="Frequency-shift keying">Frequency-shift keying</a> encoding with 1200 Hz for space and 2400 Hz for mark; 600 <a href="/wiki/Baud" title="Baud">baud</a>)</li> <li>OS: <a href="/wiki/JR-BASIC" title="JR-BASIC">JR-BASIC</a> 1.0<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JR-200">JR-200</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: JR-200"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_JR-200" title="Panasonic JR-200">Panasonic JR-200</a></div> <p>The JR-200<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is made of silver grey plastic, and has a black matte area around the <a href="/wiki/Chiclet_keyboard" title="Chiclet keyboard">chiclet keyboard</a> area. It used the same MN1800A CPU as the previous model, but added a second processor, the <a href="/wiki/4-bit_computing" title="4-bit computing">4-bit</a> MN1544CJR,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is used for I/O and contains 128 bytes of RAM plus four kilobytes of ROM. </p><p>The computer received favorable reviews on its launch. <a href="/wiki/Creative_Computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative Computing">Creative Computing</a> wrote <i>"The Panasonic JR-200 is one of the nicest new computers to make the scene in some time."</i><sup id="cite_ref-arch_Crea_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arch_Crea-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A version of the JR-200 called the <a href="/wiki/Panasonic_JR-200" title="Panasonic JR-200">Panasonic JR-200U</a> was developed for the North American and European markets and was announced in January 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Specifications:</b> </p> <ul><li>CPU: MN1800A + MN1544</li> <li>Clock speed: 890 kHz</li> <li>RAM: 36 KB</li> <li>ROM: 16 KB</li> <li>Graphics: 8 colors (black, blue, red, magenta, green, cyan, yellow, white); <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="49152 !">256 × 192</span></span>; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="768 !">32 × 24</span></span> text characters; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="3072 !">64 × 48</span></span> semi-graphic characters with <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="64 !">8 × 8</span></span> pixel matrix<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sound: 3 voices, 5 octaves, square wave. Generated by the MN1271 sound, I/O and timer chip.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Connections: <a href="/wiki/Composite_video" title="Composite video">Composite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">RF video</a>, expansion, tape (600/2400 baud), printer port, floppy drive, joystick</li> <li>OS: <a href="/wiki/JR-BASIC" title="JR-BASIC">JR-BASIC</a> 5.0</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JR-300">JR-300</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: JR-300"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The JR-300,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> released in 1984, was completely redesigned in comparison with the earlier JR-100 and JR-200 models. The JR-300 had a <a href="/wiki/Zilog" title="Zilog">Zilog</a> <a href="/wiki/Zilog_Z80" title="Zilog Z80">Z80A</a> CPU as well as a second MN1800A CPU to allow backwards compatibility with the JR-200.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Specifications: </p> <ul><li>CPU: MN1800A + Z80A</li> <li>Clock speed: 4 MHz</li> <li>RAM: 82 KB</li> <li>ROM: 40 KB</li> <li>Graphics: 8 colors; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="64000 !">320 × 200</span></span>, <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="128000 !">640 × 200</span></span>, <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="256000 !">640 × 400</span></span></li> <li>Sound: <a href="/wiki/General_Instrument_AY-3-8910" title="General Instrument AY-3-8910">Yamaha 8910</a> (3 voices, 5 octaves)</li> <li>Connections: <a href="/wiki/RGB_color_model" title="RGB color model">RGB</a>, Composite and RF video, sound out, expansion, tape (600/2400 baud), printer port, floppy drive, joystick</li> <li>OS: JR-BASIC 5.0, Extended Basic</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JR-800">JR-800</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: JR-800"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A handheld model called JR-800 was launched in 1983 with a price of 128,000 yen,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it was not compatible with the previous JR computers.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was based around a <a href="/wiki/Hitachi" title="Hitachi">Hitachi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=HD63A01V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HD63A01V (page does not exist)">HD63A01V</a> CPU<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Motorola_6800" title="Motorola 6800">MC6801</a> compatible) running at 4.9152 MHz, with 16 KB of RAM, and featured a <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="12288 !">192 × 64</span></span> pixel <a href="/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display" title="Liquid-crystal display">LCD screen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Specifications:</b> </p> <ul><li>CPU: HD63A01V</li> <li>Clock speed: 4.9152 MHz</li> <li>RAM: 16 KB</li> <li>ROM: 16 KB</li> <li>Graphics: monochrome LCD, <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="256 !">32 × 8</span></span> characters; <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="12288 !">192 × 64</span></span> pixels</li> <li>Connections: tape, RS-232, printer, sound</li> <li>OS: BASIC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Character_set">Character set</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Character set"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The table below shows the <a href="/wiki/Semigraphics" title="Semigraphics">semigraphics</a> <a href="/wiki/Character_set" class="mw-redirect" title="Character set">character set</a> available on the Matsushita JR series, as shown on the operations manual.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Characters are rendered using modern equivalents, the exact hardware font it not simulated. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;"> <th> </th> <th>2 </th> <th>3 </th> <th>4 </th> <th>5 </th> <th>8 </th> <th>9 </th> <th>E </th> <th>F </th></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">0 </th> <td> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>@ </td> <td>P </td> <td> </td> <td>┌ </td> <td>◯ </td> <td>┘ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">1 </th> <td>! </td> <td>1 </td> <td>A </td> <td>Q </td> <td>♠ </td> <td>▁ </td> <td>▗ </td> <td>▏ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">2 </th> <td>“ </td> <td>2 </td> <td>B </td> <td>R </td> <td>♥ </td> <td>▂ </td> <td>▞ </td> <td>▎ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">3 </th> <td># </td> <td>3 </td> <td>C </td> <td>S </td> <td>♦ </td> <td>▃ </td> <td>▙ </td> <td>▖ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">4 </th> <td>$ </td> <td>4 </td> <td>D </td> <td>T </td> <td>♣ </td> <td>▄ </td> <td>▛ </td> <td>▌ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">5 </th> <td>% </td> <td>5 </td> <td>E </td> <td>U </td> <td>⬣ </td> <td>▅ </td> <td>▎ </td> <td>▊ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">6 </th> <td>& </td> <td>6 </td> <td>F </td> <td>V </td> <td>← </td> <td>▆ </td> <td>▜ </td> <td>▟ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">7 </th> <td>' </td> <td>7 </td> <td>G </td> <td>W </td> <td>↓ </td> <td>▇ </td> <td>▚ </td> <td>▟ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">8 </th> <td>( </td> <td>8 </td> <td>H </td> <td>X </td> <td>↑ </td> <td>├ </td> <td>▐ </td> <td>▘ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">9 </th> <td>) </td> <td>9 </td> <td>I </td> <td>Y </td> <td>→ </td> <td>┤ </td> <td>┼ </td> <td>▊ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">A </th> <td>* </td> <td>: </td> <td>J </td> <td>Z </td> <td>🛉 </td> <td>│ </td> <td>▒ </td> <td>▝ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">B </th> <td>+ </td> <td>; </td> <td>K </td> <td>[ </td> <td>☺ </td> <td>─ </td> <td>┬ </td> <td>◟ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">C </th> <td>, </td> <td>< </td> <td>L </td> <td>¥ </td> <td>▓ </td> <td>◣ </td> <td>┴ </td> <td>● </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">D </th> <td>- </td> <td>= </td> <td>M </td> <td>] </td> <td>┐ </td> <td>◝ </td> <td>░ </td> <td>◞ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">E </th> <td>. </td> <td>> </td> <td>N </td> <td>^ </td> <td>█ </td> <td>╳ </td> <td>▀ </td> <td>◜ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:bold; background-color:#c0c0c0;">F </th> <td>/ </td> <td>? </td> <td>O </td> <td>_ </td> <td>◢ </td> <td>╱ </td> <td>└ </td> <td>╲ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JR-BASIC" title="JR-BASIC">JR-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_JR-200" title="Panasonic JR-200">Panasonic JR-200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_MZ" title="Sharp MZ">Sharp MZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC-8000_series" title="PC-8000 series">PC-8000 series</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=320">"MATSUSHITA National JR 100"</a>. <i>OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM+%3A+The+Museum&rft.atitle=MATSUSHITA+National+JR+100&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-computers.com%2Fmuseum%2Fcomputer.asp%3Fc%3D320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=324">"MATSUSHITA National JR 200"</a>. <i>OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM+%3A+The+Museum&rft.atitle=MATSUSHITA+National+JR+200&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-computers.com%2Fmuseum%2Fcomputer.asp%3Fc%3D324&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vintagevolts.com/wp-content/uploads/Panasonic-JR-200U-Service-Manual.pdf"><i>Service Manual Personal Computer JR-200U</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Panasonic.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Service+Manual+Personal+Computer+JR-200U&rft.pub=Panasonic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvintagevolts.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2FPanasonic-JR-200U-Service-Manual.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=321">"MATSUSHITA National JR 300"</a>. <i>OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM+%3A+The+Museum&rft.atitle=MATSUSHITA+National+JR+300&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-computers.com%2Fmuseum%2Fcomputer.asp%3Fst%3D1%26c%3D321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHawkings1983" class="citation news cs1">Hawkings, William (November 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EpSrYt9lFLMC&dq=Panasonic+JR-800&pg=PA150">"Low-cost computers"</a>. <i>Popular Science</i>. p. 150.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Science&rft.atitle=Low-cost+computers&rft.pages=150&rft.date=1983-11&rft.aulast=Hawkings&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEpSrYt9lFLMC%26dq%3DPanasonic%2BJR-800%26pg%3DPA150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-マイコン1982年2月号-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-マイコン1982年2月号_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">マイコン1982年2月号</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asamomiji.jp/contents/documents/retropc/jr100">"JR-100"</a>. <i>計算機室</i>. May 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E5%AE%A4&rft.atitle=JR-100&rft.date=2017-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasamomiji.jp%2Fcontents%2Fdocuments%2Fretropc%2Fjr100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.datasheetarchive.com/pdf/download.php?id=2fae23a9ce160f11ce15274d241e5a77bcb2b1&type=O&term=27--KUX"><i>PANASONIC INDL/ELEK {IC} 72</i></a>. Panasonic. p. 270.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=PANASONIC+INDL%2FELEK+%7BIC%7D+72&rft.pages=270&rft.pub=Panasonic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.datasheetarchive.com%2Fpdf%2Fdownload.php%3Fid%3D2fae23a9ce160f11ce15274d241e5a77bcb2b1%26type%3DO%26term%3D27--KUX&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Panasonic_JR-100U_Operating_Instructions"><i>Operating Instructions - Personal Computer JR-100U</i></a>. Panasonic.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Operating+Instructions+-+Personal+Computer+JR-100U&rft.pub=Panasonic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FPanasonic_JR-100U_Operating_Instructions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asamomiji.jp/contents/documents/retropc/jr100">"JR-100"</a>. <i>計算機室</i>. May 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E5%AE%A4&rft.atitle=JR-100&rft.date=2017-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasamomiji.jp%2Fcontents%2Fdocuments%2Fretropc%2Fjr100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReunanen" class="citation web cs1">Reunanen, Markku. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kameli.net/marq/?page_id=1270">"Discovering the Panasonic JR-200U"</a>. <i>.Markku Reunanen</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=.Markku+Reunanen.&rft.atitle=Discovering+the+Panasonic+JR-200U&rft.aulast=Reunanen&rft.aufirst=Markku&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kameli.net%2Fmarq%2F%3Fpage_id%3D1270&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arch_Crea-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arch_Crea_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAhl1983" class="citation news cs1">Ahl, David (May 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/creativecomputing-1983-05./page/n19/mode/2up">"Panasonic JR-200"</a>. <i>Creative Computing Magazine</i>. Vol. 9, no. 5. p. 16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Creative+Computing+Magazine&rft.atitle=Panasonic+JR-200&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1983-05&rft.aulast=Ahl&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcreativecomputing-1983-05.%2Fpage%2Fn19%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=553">"PANASONIC JR-200U"</a>. <i>OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM+%3A+The+Museum&rft.atitle=PANASONIC+JR-200U&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-computers.com%2Fmuseum%2Fcomputer.asp%3Fc%3D553&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.datasheetarchive.com/pdf/download.php?id=49f1a85cf9cac486c29073c0ad2058dce510c1&type=O&term=MN1271"><i>PANASONIC INDL/ELEK {IC} 72</i></a>. Panasonic. p. 524.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=PANASONIC+INDL%2FELEK+%7BIC%7D+72&rft.pages=524&rft.pub=Panasonic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.datasheetarchive.com%2Fpdf%2Fdownload.php%3Fid%3D49f1a85cf9cac486c29073c0ad2058dce510c1%26type%3DO%26term%3DMN1271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=321">"MATSUSHITA National JR 300"</a>. <i>OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM+%3A+The+Museum&rft.atitle=MATSUSHITA+National+JR+300&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-computers.com%2Fmuseum%2Fcomputer.asp%3Fc%3D321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jibunde.com/pokecom/National/JR-800/index.html">"JR-800(ポケコン・ポケットコンピュータ)のことなら「自分でドットコム」(DIY)"</a>. <i>www.jibunde.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jibunde.com&rft.atitle=JR-800%28%E3%83%9D%E3%82%B1%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9D%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%29%E3%81%AE%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AA%E3%82%89%E3%80%8C%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%A7%E3%83%89%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A0%E3%80%8D%28DIY%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jibunde.com%2Fpokecom%2FNational%2FJR-800%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pockemul.com/index.php/2020/08/28/national-jr-800-documentation/">"National JR-800 Documentation"</a>. <i>PockEmul - A vintage Pocket Computers and Calculators emulator</i>. August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PockEmul+-+A+vintage+Pocket+Computers+and+Calculators+emulator&rft.atitle=National+JR-800+Documentation&rft.date=2020-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpockemul.com%2Findex.php%2F2020%2F08%2F28%2Fnational-jr-800-documentation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pocket.free.fr/html/national/jr-800_e.html">"The National JR-800 computer"</a>. <i>The pocket computer museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+pocket+computer+museum&rft.atitle=The+National+JR-800+computer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpocket.free.fr%2Fhtml%2Fnational%2Fjr-800_e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Panasonic_JR-100U_Operating_Instructions/page/n9/mode/2up"><i>Operating Instructions Personal Computer JR-100U</i></a>. Panasonic. pp. 8, 54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Operating+Instructions+Personal+Computer+JR-100U&rft.pages=8%2C+54&rft.pub=Panasonic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FPanasonic_JR-100U_Operating_Instructions%2Fpage%2Fn9%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatsushita+JR+series" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsushita_JR_series&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pocket.free.fr/html/national/jr-800_e.html">The Pocket Computer Museum entry</a> on the National JR-800 handheld computer</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://binarium.de/panasonic_matsushita_national_jr_100">BINARIUM museum entry</a> on the Panasonic JR-100 (German language)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Avionics_Corporation" title="Panasonic Avionics Corporation">Panasonic Avionics Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Cycle_Technology" title="Panasonic Cycle Technology">Panasonic Cycle Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Electric_Works" title="Panasonic Electric Works">Panasonic Electric Works</a> (acquired in 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a> (acquired in 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_Electricals_Pvt._Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Anchor Electricals Pvt. Ltd.">Anchor Electricals</a> (acquired in 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Yonder" title="Blue Yonder">Blue Yonder</a> (acquired in 2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JVC" title="JVC">JVC</a> (spun off and merged with <a href="/wiki/Kenwood_Corporation" title="Kenwood Corporation">Kenwood</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MCA_Inc." title="MCA Inc.">MCA Inc.</a> (sold to Seagram's)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Lighting_Technologies" title="Universal Lighting Technologies">Universal Lighting Technologies</a> (sold to Atar capital in 2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Panasonic_logo.svg/250px-Panasonic_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Panasonic_logo.svg/330px-Panasonic_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="92" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eneloop" title="Eneloop">Eneloop</a></li> <li>Eluga</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDK" title="KDK">KDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumix" title="Lumix">Lumix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_(brand)" title="National (brand)">National</a> (phased out)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_(brand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic (brand)">Panasonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasar_(brand)" title="Quasar (brand)">Quasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a> <ul><li>NXT</li> <li>Kaizen</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technics_(brand)" title="Technics (brand)">Technics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varicam" title="Varicam">Varicam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consoles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3DO" title="3DO">3DO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_M2" title="Panasonic M2">Panasonic M2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Q" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Q">Panasonic Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_(console)" title="Jungle (console)">Jungle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technics_(brand)" title="Technics (brand)">Turntables</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technics_SL-1200" title="Technics SL-1200">Technics SL-1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technics_SL-10" title="Technics SL-10">Technics SL-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technics_SL-J2" title="Technics SL-J2">Technics SL-J2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Cycle_Technology" title="Panasonic Cycle Technology">Bicycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Panasonic_camcorders" title="List of Panasonic camcorders">Camcorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_CD_interface" title="Panasonic CD interface">CD interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospi" title="Hospi">Hospi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MN103" title="MN103">MN103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panapet" title="Panapet">Panapet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Panasonic JR series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Toot-a-Loop_Radio" title="Panasonic Toot-a-Loop Radio">Panasonic Toot-a-Loop Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Toughpad" title="Panasonic Toughpad">Toughpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Toughbook" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Toughbook">Toughbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_TR-005" title="Panasonic TR-005">Panasonic TR-005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Engine" title="Venus Engine">Venus Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formats and standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D5_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="D5 HD">D5 HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3DI_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3DI Standard">M-3DI Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_Four_Thirds_system" title="Micro Four Thirds system">Micro Four Thirds system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroP2" title="MicroP2">MicroP2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MII_(videocassette_format)" title="MII (videocassette format)">MII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P2_(storage_media)" title="P2 (storage media)">P2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viera_Cast" title="Viera Cast">Viera Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VX_(videocassette_format)" title="VX (videocassette format)">VX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dnosuke_Matsushita" title="Kōnosuke Matsushita">Kōnosuke Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaharu_Matsushita" title="Masaharu Matsushita">Masaharu Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_Matsushita" title="Hiro Matsushita">Hiro Matsushita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirofumi_Hirano" title="Hirofumi Hirano">Hirofumi Hirano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshio_Iue" title="Toshio Iue">Toshio Iue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazuhiro_Tsuga" title="Kazuhiro Tsuga">Kazuhiro Tsuga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gamba_Osaka" title="Gamba Osaka">Gamba Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Bluteon" title="Osaka Bluteon">Osaka Bluteon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Wild_Knights" class="mw-redirect" title="Panasonic Wild Knights">Panasonic Wild Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_(cycling_team)" title="Panasonic (cycling team)">Panasonic cycling team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_in_Formula_One" title="Toyota in Formula One">Panasonic Toyota Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Gobel_Awards" title="Panasonic Gobel Awards">Panasonic Gobel Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic_Impulse" title="Panasonic Impulse">Panasonic Impulse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 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