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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Variant_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variant_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Variant names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variant_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hydrography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hydrography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Hydrography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hydrography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Locks_and_dams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Locks_and_dams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Locks and dams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Locks_and_dams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dam_removal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dam_removal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Dam removal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dam_removal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_and_19th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>18th and 19th centuries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Monongahela River</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Мононгахела – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мононгахела" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_River" title="Monongahela River – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Monongahela River" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_River" title="Monongahela River – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Monongahela River" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela" title="Monongahela – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Monongahela" title="Río Monongahela – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela" title="Monongahela – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Monongahela" title="Río Monongahela – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Río Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%CC%8Dk-n%C3%B9ng-k%C3%A2-h%C3%AE-l%C3%A0-h%C3%B2" title="Mo̍k-nùng-kâ-hî-là-hò – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mo̍k-nùng-kâ-hî-là-hò" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A8%B8%EB%85%BC%EA%B0%80%ED%9E%90%EB%9D%BC%EA%B0%95" title="머논가힐라강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="머논가힐라강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_(rijeka)" title="Monongahela (rijeka) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Monongahela (rijeka)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela" title="Monongahela – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto_Monongahela" title="Mto Monongahela – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mto Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_(flumen)" title="Monongahela (flumen) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Monongahela (flumen)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahila" title="Monongahila – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Monongahila" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="მონონგაჰილა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მონონგაჰილა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7" title="نهر مونونجاهيلا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر مونونجاهيلا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_(rivier)" title="Monongahela (rivier) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Monongahela (rivier)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%8E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%92%E3%83%A9%E5%B7%9D" title="モノンガヒラ川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モノンガヒラ川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela" title="Monongahela – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela" title="Monongahela – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_River" title="Monongahela River – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monongahela River" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Мононгахила – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мононгахила" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_River" title="Monongahela River – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Monongahela River" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Мононгахила (река) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мононгахила (река)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela_(rijeka)" title="Monongahela (rijeka) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Monongahela (rijeka)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahela" title="Monongahela – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Monongahela" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monongahelafloden" title="Monongahelafloden – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Monongahelafloden" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2" title="แม่น้ำโมนังกาฮีลา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่น้ำโมนังกาฮีลา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Мононгахіла (річка) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мононгахіла (річка)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%86%9C%E5%8A%A0%E5%B8%8C%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3" title="莫农加希拉河 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莫农加希拉河" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q643780#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monongahela_River&params=40_26_30_N_80_00_58_W_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°26′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°00′58″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.44167°N 80.01611°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.44167; -80.01611</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Monongahela_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Monongahela (disambiguation)">Monongahela (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Monongahela River</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg/300px-Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg/450px-Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg/600px-Monongahela_River_-_Southsidefromwash.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Monongahela River in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a> with <a href="/wiki/South_Side_(Pittsburgh)" title="South Side (Pittsburgh)">South Side Pittsburgh</a> on the right and <a href="/wiki/Uptown_Pittsburgh" title="Uptown Pittsburgh">Uptown Pittsburgh</a> on the left</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monongahela_River.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Monongahela_River.png/300px-Monongahela_River.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="365" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Monongahela_River.png 1.5x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="439" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of the Monongahela River basin with the Monongahela River highlighted</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Counties</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_West_Virginia" title="Marion County, West Virginia">Marion WV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monongalia_County,_West_Virginia" title="Monongalia County, West Virginia">Monongalia WV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Greene County, Pennsylvania">Greene PA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fayette_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Fayette County, Pennsylvania">Fayette PA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Washington County, Pennsylvania">Washington PA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westmoreland_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania">Westmoreland PA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Allegheny County, Pennsylvania">Allegheny PA</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tygart_Valley_River" title="Tygart Valley River">Tygart Valley River</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pocahontas_County,_West_Virginia" title="Pocahontas County, West Virginia">Pocahontas County</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monongahela_River&params=38_28_06_N_79_58_51_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°28′06″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°58′51″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.46833°N 79.98083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.46833; -79.98083</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-GNIStv_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNIStv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">4,540 ft (1,380 m)<sup id="cite_ref-GE_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">2nd source</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Fork_River" title="West Fork River">West Fork River</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Upshur_County,_West_Virginia" title="Upshur County, West Virginia">Upshur County</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monongahela_River&params=38_51_08_N_80_21_32_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°51′08″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°21′32″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.85222°N 80.35889°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.85222; -80.35889</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-GNISwf_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNISwf-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">1,309 ft (399 m)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source confluence</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fairmont,_West_Virginia" title="Fairmont, West Virginia">Fairmont</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monongahela_River&params=39_27_53_N_80_09_10_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°27′53″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°09′10″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.46472°N 80.15278°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.46472; -80.15278</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-GNIS_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNIS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">863 ft (263 m)<sup id="cite_ref-GNISwf_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNISwf-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • location</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monongahela_River&params=40_26_30_N_80_00_58_W_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°26′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°00′58″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.44167°N 80.01611°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.44167; -80.01611</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-GNIS_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNIS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">709 ft (216 m)<sup id="cite_ref-GNIS_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNIS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">130 mi (210 km)<sup id="cite_ref-NHD_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHD-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">7,340 sq mi (19,000 km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Braddock,_PA" class="mw-redirect" title="Braddock, PA">Braddock, PA</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">12,650 cu ft/s (358 m<sup>3</sup>/s)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • minimum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2,900 cu ft/s (82 m<sup>3</sup>/s)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • maximum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">81,100 cu ft/s (2,300 m<sup>3</sup>/s)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Masontown,_PA" class="mw-redirect" title="Masontown, PA">Masontown, PA</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">8,433 cu ft/s (238.8 m<sup>3</sup>/s)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Basin features</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tributaries</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • left</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Fork_River" title="West Fork River">West Fork</a>, Coal Run, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Creek_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Buffalo Creek (Monongahela River tributary)">Buffalo Creek</a>, Hawkinberry Run, <a href="/wiki/Paw_Paw_Creek" title="Paw Paw Creek">Paw Paw Creek</a>, Pharoah Run, Parker Run, Indian Creek, Birchfield Run, Meadow Run, Broad Run, Dents Run, Scotts Run, Courtney Run, Robinson Run, Crooked Run, <a href="/wiki/Dunkard_Creek" title="Dunkard Creek">Dunkard Creek</a>, Whiteley Creek, Little Whiteley Creek, Pegs Run, Muddy Creek, Noel Run, <a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_Run_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Pumpkin Run (Monongahela River tributary)">Pumpkin Run</a>, Rush Run, <a href="/wiki/Tenmile_Creek_(Pennsylvania)" title="Tenmile Creek (Pennsylvania)">Tenmile Creek</a>, Fishpot Run, Barneys Run, Twomile Run, Lilly Run, Pike Run, Wood Run, Hooders Run, Maple Creek, Pigeon Creek, Dry Run, Mingo Creek, Huston Run, Lobbs Run, <a href="/wiki/Peters_Creek_(Pennsylvania)" title="Peters Creek (Pennsylvania)">Peters Creek</a>, Thompson Run, Homestead Run, West Run, <a href="/wiki/Streets_Run" title="Streets Run">Streets Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Becks_Run" title="Becks Run">Becks Run</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • right</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tygart_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Tygart River">Tygart River</a>, Prickett Creek, Little Creek, Whiteday Creek, Joes Run, Toms Run, Booths Run, Cobun Creek, <a href="/wiki/Deckers_Creek" title="Deckers Creek">Deckers Creek</a>, West Run, Laurel Run, Camp Run, <a href="/wiki/Cheat_River" title="Cheat River">Cheat River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Creek_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Georges Creek (Monongahela River tributary)">Georges Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Creek_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Jacobs Creek (Monongahela River tributary)">Jacobs Creek</a>, Cats Run, Browns Run, Middle Run, Antram Run, Wallace Run, Hereford Hollow, Bates Run, Meadow Run, Kelley Run, Rush Run, Dunlap Creek, <a href="/wiki/Redstone_Creek_(Pennsylvania)" title="Redstone Creek (Pennsylvania)">Redstone Creek</a>, Lamb Lick Run, Downers Run, Speers Run, Turkey Hollow, Beckers Run, Sunfish Run, Bunola Run, Kelly Run, Mill Run, Smiths Run, Fallen Timber Run, Wylie Run, <a href="/wiki/Youghiogheny_River" title="Youghiogheny River">Youghiogheny River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crooked_Run_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Crooked Run (Monongahela River tributary)">Crooked Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek_(Monongahela_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turtle Creek (Monongahela River)">Turtle Creek</a>, Ninemile Run</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Monongahela River</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">mə-<span style="font-size:90%">NONG</span>-gə-<span style="font-size:90%">HEE</span>-lə</i></a>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>-/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">-⁠<span style="font-size:90%">HAY</span>-</i></a>),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes referred to locally as <b>the Mon</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a 130-mile-long (210 km)<sup id="cite_ref-NHD_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHD-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Plateau" title="Allegheny Plateau">Allegheny Plateau</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Central_West_Virginia" title="North Central West Virginia">north-central West Virginia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greater_Pittsburgh" title="Greater Pittsburgh">Southwestern Pennsylvania</a>. The river flows from the confluence of its <a href="/wiki/West_Fork_River" title="West Fork River">west</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tygart_Valley_River" title="Tygart Valley River">east</a> forks in north-central West Virginia northeasterly into southwestern Pennsylvania, then northerly to Pittsburgh and its confluence with the <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_River" title="Allegheny River">Allegheny River</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a>. The river includes a series of locks and dams that makes it navigable. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Unami_language" title="Unami language">Unami</a> word <i>Monongahela</i> means "falling banks", in reference to the geological instability of the river's banks. <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian</a> missionary <a href="/wiki/David_Zeisberger" title="David Zeisberger">David Zeisberger</a> (1721–1808) gave this account of the naming: "In the <a href="/wiki/Lenape_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenape language">Indian tongue</a> the name of this river was <i>Mechmenawungihilla</i> (alternatively spelled <i>Menawngihella</i>), which signifies a high bank, which is ever washed out and therefore collapses."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Lenape Language Project renders the word as <i>Mënaonkihëla</i> (pronounced <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="alg-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[mənaoŋɡihəla]</a></span>), translated "where banks cave in or erode",<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the verbs <i>mënaonkihële</i> "the dirt caves off" (such as the bank of a river or creek, or in a landslide)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>mënaonke</i> (pronounced <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="alg-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[mənaoŋɡe]</a></span>), "it has a loose bank" (where one might fall in).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Monongalia_County,_West_Virginia" title="Monongalia County, West Virginia">Monongalia County</a> and the town of <a href="/wiki/Monongah,_West_Virginia" title="Monongah, West Virginia">Monongah</a>, both in West Virginia, are named for the river, as is the city of <a href="/wiki/Monongahela,_Pennsylvania" title="Monongahela, Pennsylvania">Monongahela</a> in Pennsylvania. (The name "Monongalia" is either a Latinized adaptation of "Monongahela" or simply a variant spelling.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variant_names">Variant names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variant names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">USGS</a> name for the river is the Monongahela River; there have been numerous alternate names, alternate spellings and misspellings in historical texts.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Monongahela is formed by the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/West_Fork_River" title="West Fork River">West Fork River</a> and its "east fork"—the <a href="/wiki/Tygart_Valley_River" title="Tygart Valley River">Tygart Valley River</a>—at <a href="/wiki/Fairmont,_West_Virginia" title="Fairmont, West Virginia">Fairmont</a> in north central West Virginia. From there it flows northeasterly to cross the Pennsylvania border just west of north <a href="/wiki/Cheat_Lake" title="Cheat Lake">Cheat Lake</a> on its <a href="/wiki/Cheat_River" title="Cheat River">Cheat River</a> tributary. Then it flows northerly across southwestern Pennsylvania, taking a bit of a detour northeast 10 miles south of Pittsburgh to approach Pittsburgh from the southeast and its confluence with the <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_River" title="Allegheny River">Allegheny River</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Forks_of_the_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Forks of the Ohio">Forks of the Ohio</a> at "The Point" of <a href="/wiki/Point_State_Park" title="Point State Park">Point State Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Pittsburgh" title="Downtown Pittsburgh">Downtown Pittsburgh</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to early Pleistocene regional glaciation, more than 780,000 years ago, the ancestral Monongahela River (a.k.a. the Pittsburgh River) flowed northward from present-day north-central West Virginia, across western <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> and northwestern Ohio, and into the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a> watershed. One (or more) extensive ice sheet advance dammed the old north-flowing drainage and created a vast lake—known as <a href="/wiki/Lake_Monongahela" title="Lake Monongahela">Lake Monongahela</a>—stretching from an unknown point north of present-day <a href="/wiki/Beaver,_Pennsylvania" title="Beaver, Pennsylvania">Beaver, Pennsylvania</a> for ~200 miles (320 km) south to <a href="/wiki/Weston,_West_Virginia" title="Weston, West Virginia">Weston, West Virginia</a>. A river-lake with many narrow bays, its maximum water surface rose to 1,100 feet (340 m) above sea level. Over 200 feet (61 m) deep in places, its southwestward overflow gradually incised old drainage divides and contributed to the geological development of the present-day upper <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohio River Valley">Ohio River Valley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Garton2012_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garton2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jacobson1988_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jacobson1988-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hydrography">Hydrography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hydrography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Via the Ohio River, the river is part of the Mississippi watershed which drains to the Gulf of Mexico on the Atlantic Ocean. </p><p>The river's length is 130 miles, its drainage basin is 7,340 sq.mi. and the average 30-year discharge at Elizabeth, Pennsylvania, is 9,109 cfs. It falls 3,831 ft. in elevation from its highest source to its mouth on the Ohio River. It falls 280 feet from its forks to its mouth, a stretch made navigable by locks. The mean depth is about 20 ft. </p><p>In southwestern Pennsylvania, the Monongahela is met by two major <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributaries</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Cheat_River" title="Cheat River">Cheat River</a>, which joins at <a href="/wiki/Point_Marion,_Pennsylvania" title="Point Marion, Pennsylvania">Point Marion</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Youghiogheny_River" title="Youghiogheny River">Youghiogheny River</a>, which joins at <a href="/wiki/McKeesport,_Pennsylvania" title="McKeesport, Pennsylvania">McKeesport</a>. </p><p>Major tributaries include: <a href="/wiki/Becks_Run" title="Becks Run">Becks Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_Sandy_Creek_(Cheat_River_tributary)" title="Big Sandy Creek (Cheat River tributary)">Big Sandy Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Creek_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Buffalo Creek (Monongahela River tributary)">Buffalo Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheat_River" title="Cheat River">Cheat River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crooked_Run_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Crooked Run (Monongahela River tributary)">Crooked Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deckers_Creek" title="Deckers Creek">Deckers Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dunkard_Creek" title="Dunkard Creek">Dunkard Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lick_Run_(Peters_Creek_tributary)" title="Lick Run (Peters Creek tributary)">Lick Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middle_Fork_River" title="Middle Fork River">Middle Fork River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paw_Paw_Creek" title="Paw Paw Creek">Paw Paw Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peters_Creek_(Pennsylvania)" title="Peters Creek (Pennsylvania)">Peters Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Streets_Run" title="Streets Run">Streets Run</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek_(Monongahela_River_tributary)" title="Turtle Creek (Monongahela River tributary)">Turtle Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tygart_Valley_River" title="Tygart Valley River">Tygart Valley River</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Fork_River" title="West Fork River">West Fork River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Youghiogheny_River" title="Youghiogheny River">Youghiogheny River</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Locks_and_dams">Locks and dams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Locks and dams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_dams_and_reservoirs_in_Pennsylvania" title="List of dams and reservoirs in Pennsylvania">List of dams and reservoirs in Pennsylvania</a></div> <p>The river is navigable its entire length with a series of locks and dams that maintain a minimum depth of 9 feet (2.7 m) to accommodate coal-laden barges. All dams are operated by the Pittsburgh District Army Corps of Engineers. In 2006, the navigation system, operated by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Corps_of_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Corps of Engineers">U.S. Army Corps of Engineers</a>, had nine dam-locks along 128.7 miles (207.1 km) of waterway.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The locks overcame a change in elevation of about 147 feet (44.8 m).<sup id="cite_ref-shank_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shank-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braddock_Locks_%26_Dam" title="Braddock Locks & Dam">Braddock Locks & Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Locks_%26_Dam" title="Elizabeth Locks & Dam">Locks & Dam 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleroi_Locks_%26_Dam" title="Charleroi Locks & Dam">Locks & Dam 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Lock_%26_Dam" title="Maxwell Lock & Dam">Maxwell Lock & Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grays_Landing_Lock_%26_Dam" title="Grays Landing Lock & Dam">Grays Landing Lock & Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Marion_Lock_and_Dam" title="Point Marion Lock and Dam">Point Marion Lock and Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgantown_Lock_and_Dam" title="Morgantown Lock and Dam">Morgantown Lock and Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildebrand_Lock_and_Dam" title="Hildebrand Lock and Dam">Hildebrand Lock and Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam" title="Opekiska Lock and Dam">Opekiska Lock and Dam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dam_removal">Dam removal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Dam removal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The locks and dam at Elizabeth will be removed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Work will commence in 2024. Afterwards 30 miles of the river between Charleroi and Braddock will be free flowing.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the EPA's Toxics Release Inventory for 2010, the Monongahela ranked as the 17th most polluted river in the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-Hopey2012_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hopey2012-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary polluters were Pennsylvania iron and steel mills. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recreation">Recreation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The upper drainage area of the river basin is renowned for its water sports/hobbies of <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_kayaking" title="Whitewater kayaking">whitewater kayaking</a> (and in some cases <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_rafting" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitewater rafting">whitewater rafting</a>) opportunities. The land here is of a very rugged plateau type which allows streams to gather sufficient water volume before they fall off the plateau and create challenging rapids. Some of the best known specific stream locations for this include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youghiogheny_River" title="Youghiogheny River">Youghiogheny River</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ohiopyle,_Pennsylvania" title="Ohiopyle, Pennsylvania">Ohiopyle, Pennsylvania</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Youghiogheny River at <a href="/wiki/Friendsville,_Maryland" title="Friendsville, Maryland">Friendsville, Maryland</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheat_River" title="Cheat River">Cheat River</a> at <a href="/wiki/Albright,_West_Virginia" title="Albright, West Virginia">Albright, West Virginia</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygart_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Tygart River">Tygart River</a> at <a href="/wiki/Belington,_West_Virginia" title="Belington, West Virginia">Belington, West Virginia</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_and_19th_centuries">18th and 19th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 18th and 19th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Monongahela River valley was the site of a famous battle that was one of the first in the <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a>—the <a href="/wiki/Braddock_Expedition" title="Braddock Expedition">Braddock Expedition</a> (May–July 1755). It resulted in a sharp defeat for two thousand <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Colonial</a> forces against those of the <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> and their <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> allies. </p><p>In 1817, the Pennsylvania legislature authorized the Monongahela Navigation Company to build 16 dams with bypass <a href="/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lock (water transport)">locks</a> to create a river transportation system between Pittsburgh and the area that would later become <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally planned to run as far south as the <a href="/wiki/Cheat_River" title="Cheat River">Cheat River</a>, the system was extended to Fairmont, and <a href="/wiki/Bituminous_coal" title="Bituminous coal">bituminous coal</a> from West Virginia was the chief product transported downstream. After a <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Canal_Tunnel" title="Pennsylvania Canal Tunnel">canal tunnel through Grant's Hill</a> in Pittsburgh was completed in 1832, boats could travel between the Monongahela River and the Western Division Canal of Pennsylvania's principal east–west canal and railroad system, the <a href="/wiki/Main_Line_of_Public_Works" title="Main Line of Public Works">Main Line of Public Works</a>. In 1897, the federal government took possession of the Monongahela Navigation through <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">condemnation</a> proceedings. Later, the dam-lock combinations were increased in size and reduced in number.<sup id="cite_ref-shank_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shank-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Briefly linked to the Monongahela Navigation was the Youghiogheny Navigation, a slack water system of 18.5 miles (29.8 km) between McKeesport and <a href="/wiki/West_Newton,_Pennsylvania" title="West Newton, Pennsylvania">West Newton</a>. It had two dam-locks overcoming a change in elevation of about 27 feet (8.2 m). Opening in 1850, it was destroyed by a flood in 1865.<sup id="cite_ref-shank_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shank-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 19th century and well into the twentieth, the Monongahela was heavily used by <a href="/wiki/Private_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Private industry">industry</a>, and several <a href="/wiki/U.S._Steel" title="U.S. Steel">U.S. Steel</a> plants, including the <a href="/wiki/Homestead,_Pennsylvania" title="Homestead, Pennsylvania">Homestead</a> Works, site of the <a href="/wiki/Homestead_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Homestead Strike">Homestead Strike</a> of 1892, were built along its banks. Following the killing of several workers in the course of the strike, anarchist <a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Emma Goldman</a> wrote: "Words had lost their meaning in the face of the innocent blood spilled on the banks of the Monongahela." Other mills included the <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Thomson_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar Thomson Works">Edgar Thomson Works</a> in <a href="/wiki/Braddock,_Pennsylvania" title="Braddock, Pennsylvania">Braddock</a>, the first steel works in the area, the <a href="/wiki/Duquesne,_Pennsylvania" title="Duquesne, Pennsylvania">Duquesne</a> Works and the <a href="/wiki/Jones_and_Laughlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jones and Laughlin">Jones and Laughlin</a> steel works on the South Side of Pittsburgh. Only the Edgar Thomson works remain producing steel along the river. </p><p>Despite the closure of many of the mills in the 1980s and 90s, the Monogahela is still an important waterway for industry. The <a href="/wiki/Mon_Valley_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Mon Valley Works">Mon Valley Works</a> of U.S. Steel operates three plants, including the Edgar Thomson plant for basic steel marking, the <a href="/wiki/Mon_Valley_Works%E2%80%93Irvin_Plant" title="Mon Valley Works–Irvin Plant">Irvin plant</a> for steel finishing, and the <a href="/wiki/Clairton_Coke_Works" title="Clairton Coke Works">Clairton plant</a> for coke production.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coal barges are a common sight on the river, and the railways which line either side are heavily used by freight. Other industries include power generation, chemicals, and recycling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three ships in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> have been named <a href="/wiki/USS_Monongahela" title="USS Monongahela"><i>Monongahela</i></a> after the river. In October 1930, severe drought caused the river flow to drop below 10 cu ft/s (280 L/s), and in some places, it was possible to walk across the river bottom.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="not clear where this info comes from (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The river was the site of a <a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(1955%E2%80%931959)#1956" title="List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)">famous airplane crash</a> that has become the subject of <a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">urban legends</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theories" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy theories">conspiracy theories</a>. Early on the morning of January 31, 1956, a <a href="/wiki/B-25" class="mw-redirect" title="B-25">B-25</a> bomber en route from <a href="/wiki/Nellis_Air_Force_Base" title="Nellis Air Force Base">Nellis Air Force Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> to <a href="/wiki/Olmsted_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Olmsted Air Force Base">Olmsted Air Force Base</a> in Pennsylvania crashed into the river near the <a href="/wiki/Glenwood_Bridge" title="Glenwood Bridge">Glenwood Bridge</a> in <a href="/wiki/Homestead,_Pennsylvania" title="Homestead, Pennsylvania">Homestead, Pennsylvania</a>. The six crewmen survived the initial crash, but two of them succumbed in the <a href="/wiki/Hypothermia" title="Hypothermia">cold water</a> and drowned. Despite the relatively shallow water, the aircraft was never recovered and became known as the "ghost bomber".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i> published a graphical representation of the flight path and flight details in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2018, the bomber has not been found. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The South Tenth Street Bridge over the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh in 2005"><img alt="The South Tenth Street Bridge over the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh in 2005" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg/120px-Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg/180px-Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg/240px-Monongahela_River_Pittsburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/South_Tenth_Street_Bridge" title="South Tenth Street Bridge">South Tenth Street Bridge</a> over the Monongahela River in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a> in 2005</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Monongahela River in Fairmont, West Virginia, in 2006"><img alt="The Monongahela River in Fairmont, West Virginia, in 2006" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg/120px-Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg/180px-Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg/240px-Monongahela_River_Fairmont.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2856" data-file-height="2142" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Monongahela River in <a href="/wiki/Fairmont,_West_Virginia" title="Fairmont, West Virginia">Fairmont, West Virginia</a>, in 2006</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monongahela River Scene, 1857[36]"><img alt="Monongahela River Scene, 1857[36]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg/120px-Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg/180px-Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg/240px-Monongahela_River_Scene_Pittsburgh_PA_1857.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="546" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monongahela River Scene, 1857<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Opekiska Lock and Dam on the Monongahela River near Fairmont, West Virginia, at river mile 115 (185 km)"><img alt="Opekiska Lock and Dam on the Monongahela River near Fairmont, West Virginia, at river mile 115 (185 km)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg/120px-Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg/180px-Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg/240px-Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam_Monongahela.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Opekiska_Lock_and_Dam" title="Opekiska Lock and Dam">Opekiska Lock and Dam</a> on the Monongahela River near <a href="/wiki/Fairmont,_West_Virginia" title="Fairmont, West Virginia">Fairmont, West Virginia</a>, at <a href="/wiki/River_mile" title="River mile">river mile</a> 115 (185 km)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monongahela River in Pittsburgh in 2021"><img alt="Monongahela River in Pittsburgh in 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg/120px-%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg/180px-%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg/240px-%E5%8C%B9%E8%8C%B2%E5%A0%A1%E8%8E%AB%E8%BE%B2%E5%B8%8C%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monongahela River in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a> in 2021</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crossings_of_the_Monongahela_River" title="List of crossings of the Monongahela River">List of crossings of the Monongahela River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of rivers of Pennsylvania">List of rivers of Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_West_Virginia" title="List of rivers of West Virginia">List of rivers of West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Pennsylvania" title="Geography of Pennsylvania">Geography of Pennsylvania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">including Malangueulé,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Me-nan-gi-hil-li, Meh-non-au-au-ge-hel-al, Mehmannaunringgehlau, Mehmannauwinggehla, Mo-hon-ga-ly, Mo-hon-galy, Mo-hon-gey-e-la, Mo-hong-gey-e-la, Mohungahala, Mohunghala, Monaung, Monaungahela, Monna, Monnyahela, Monona, Mononga, Monongahalia, Monongahaly, Monongaheley, Monongahelia, Monongalia, Monongalo, Mononguhela, Mononyahela, Muddy River <sup id="cite_ref-GNIS_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNIS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GNIStv-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GNIStv_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGeographic_Names_Information_System" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1553309">"Geographic Names Information System entry for Tygart Valley River (Feature ID #1553309)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System+entry+for+Tygart+Valley+River+%28Feature+ID+%231553309%29&rft.au=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F1553309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GE-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GE_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth">Google Earth</a> elevation for <a href="/wiki/GNIS" class="mw-redirect" title="GNIS">GNIS</a> source coordinates. Retrieved on March 12, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GNISwf-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GNISwf_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GNISwf_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeographic_Names_Information_System" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1548931">"Geographic Names Information System entry for West Fork River (Feature ID #1548931)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System+entry+for+West+Fork+River+%28Feature+ID+%231548931%29&rft.au=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F1548931&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeographic_Names_Information_System" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1547564">"Geographic Names Information System entry for Straight Fork (headwaters tributary of West Fork River) (Feature ID #1547564)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System+entry+for+Straight+Fork+%28headwaters+tributary+of+West+Fork+River%29+%28Feature+ID+%231547564%29&rft.au=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F1547564&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GNIS-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GNIS_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GNIS_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GNIS_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GNIS_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeographic_Names_Information_System" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1209053">"Geographic Names Information System entry for Monongahela River (Feature ID #1209053)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System+entry+for+Monongahela+River+%28Feature+ID+%231209053%29&rft.au=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F1209053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHD-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHD_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHD_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/">The National Map</a>, accessed August 15, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillespie2006" class="citation book cs1">Gillespie, William H. (2006). "Monongahela River". In Ken Sullivan (ed.). <i>The West Virginia Encyclopedia</i>. Charleston, W.Va.: West Virginia Humanities Council. p. 492. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9778498-0-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-9778498-0-5"><bdi>0-9778498-0-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Monongahela+River&rft.btitle=The+West+Virginia+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Charleston%2C+W.Va.&rft.pages=492&rft.pub=West+Virginia+Humanities+Council&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-9778498-0-5&rft.aulast=Gillespie&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://waterdata.usgs.gov/pa/nwis/annual/?referred_module=sw&site_no=03085000&por_03085000_8=1822642,00060,8,1939,2004&year_type=W&format=html_table&date_format=YYYY-MM-DD&rdb_compression=file&submitted_form=parameter_selection_list">USGS 03085000 Monongahela River at Braddock, PA</a>; retrieved September 29, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2009/pdfs/03072655.2009.pdf">USGS 03072655 Monongahela River near Masontown, PA</a>; retrieved September 29, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There are several ways to pronounce this word that are acceptable. From "Geographical Names" of <i>Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary</i>, Eleventh Edition (2009): <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillespie2010" class="citation web cs1">Gillespie, William H. (October 20, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/2018">"The Monongahela River"</a>. <i>e-WV: The West Virginia Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=e-WV%3A+The+West+Virginia+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=The+Monongahela+River&rft.date=2010-10-20&rft.aulast=Gillespie&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wvencyclopedia.org%2Farticles%2F2018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zeisberger, David, <i>David Zeisberger's History of the Northern American Indians in 18th Century Ohio, New York and Pennsylvania</i>, pg 43; Wennawoods Publishing, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-889037-17-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-889037-17-6">1-889037-17-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728081718/http://www.talk-lenape.org/detail.php?id=4599">"Lenape Talking Dictionary"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pittsburgh+B-25+Ghost+Bomber+Mystery+%281956%29&rft.pub=About.com&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Albrecht&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpittsburgh.about.com%2Fod%2Ftransportation%2Fa%2Fb25_bomber.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOve1999" class="citation web cs1">Ove, Torsten (April 4, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/19990404bomber4.asp">"Searchers say 'Ghost Bomber' can be found in the Mon"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Searchers+say+%27Ghost+Bomber%27+can+be+found+in+the+Mon&rft.date=1999-04-04&rft.aulast=Ove&rft.aufirst=Torsten&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.post-gazette.com%2Fregionstate%2F19990404bomber4.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilston1999" class="citation web cs1">Hilston, James (April 4, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/19990404plane9.asp">"PG Graphic: One of the Mysteries of Pittsburgh: The B-25 in the Mon"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=PG+Graphic%3A+One+of+the+Mysteries+of+Pittsburgh%3A+The+B-25+in+the+Mon&rft.date=1999-04-04&rft.aulast=Hilston&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.post-gazette.com%2Fregionstate%2F19990404plane9.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2016" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Brady (January 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.post-gazette.com/life/my-generation/2016/01/07/Let-s-learn-from-the-past-B-25-Ghost-Bomber.html#">"Let's learn from the past: B-25 'Ghost Bomber'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Let%27s+learn+from+the+past%3A+B-25+%27Ghost+Bomber%27&rft.date=2016-01-07&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Brady&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.post-gazette.com%2Flife%2Fmy-generation%2F2016%2F01%2F07%2FLet-s-learn-from-the-past-B-25-Ghost-Bomber.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonongahela+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ballou's Pictorial</i>, issue of 21 Feb 1857</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pike_Bissell" title="Richard Pike Bissell">Bissell, Richard</a> (1952), <i>The Monongahela</i>, <a href="/wiki/Rinehart_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Rinehart & Co.">Rinehart & Co.</a></li> <li>Callahan, James Morton and Bernard Lee Butcher (1912), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FGAMAAAAYAAJ">Genealogical and Personal History of the Upper Monongahela Valley, West Virginia</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Lemley_Core" title="Earl Lemley Core">Core, Earl L.</a> (1984), "The Monongalia River," in: Bartlett, Richard A. (ed), <i>Rolling Rivers: An Encyclopedia of America's Rivers.</i> New York: McGraw-Hill. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-003910-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-003910-0">0-07-003910-0</a>. pp 149–52.</li> <li>Core, Earl L. (1974–84), <i>The Monongalia Story: A Bicentennial History</i>, <a href="/wiki/Parsons,_West_Virginia" title="Parsons, West Virginia">Parsons, W.Va.</a>: <a href="/wiki/McClain_Printing_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="McClain Printing Co.">McClain Printing Co.</a>, 5 volumes; an extensive, well-documented natural & human history of the Monongahela River basin. <ul><li>Volume I: <i>Prelude</i> (1974)</li> <li>Volume II: <i>The Pioneers</i> (1976)</li> <li>Volume III: <i>Discord</i> (1979)</li> <li>Volume IV: <i>Industrialization</i> (1984)</li> <li>Volume V: <i>Sophistication</i> (1984)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Monongahela_River" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Monongahela River">Monongahela River</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://waterdata.usgs.gov/pa/nwis/current/?type=flow">U.S. Geological Survey: PA stream gaging stations</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeach1914" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Beach, Chandler B., ed. 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src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&oldid=1251864578">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_River&oldid=1251864578</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monongahela_River" title="Category:Monongahela River">Monongahela River</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tributaries_of_the_Ohio_River" title="Category:Tributaries of the Ohio River">Tributaries of the Ohio River</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Pennsylvania" title="Category:Rivers of Pennsylvania">Rivers of Pennsylvania</a></li><li><a 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