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function(){ var columnInput = document.getElementById('Opinion-button'); if (!columnInput) return; // Sticky nav replaces the nav so element no longer exists for users in test. columnInput.addEventListener('keydown', function(e){ // keyCode: 13 => Enter key | keyCode: 32 => Space key if (e.keyCode === 13 || e.keyCode === 32) { e.preventDefault() document.getElementById('Opinion-checkbox-input').click(); } }) })</script><input type="checkbox" id="Opinion-checkbox-input" tabIndex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-1acea34"/><label id="Opinion-button" aria-label="Toggle Opinion" for="Opinion-checkbox-input" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="opinionLinks" tabIndex="-1" role="menuitem" data-testid="column-collapse-Opinion" data-link-name="header : secondary : Opinion" class="selectableMenuItem dcr-p0c3jt">Opinion</label><ul role="menu" id="opinionLinks" data-testid="opinionLinks" class="dcr-v7ibvm"><li role="none" class="dcr-9ra8aa"><a href="/commentisfree" role="menuitem" 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srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=700&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=700&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source 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srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=465&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Electronic tag" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Society/Pix/pictures/2009/7/14/1247579156524/Electronic-tag-001.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="465" height="279" loading="eager" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><span class="dcr-v822l1"><div class="dcr-gup2gr"><div class="dcr-zy1nbx"><label for="the-checkbox" class="dcr-1xgwz8b"><svg width="6" height="14" fill="white" viewBox="0 0 6 14"><path d="M4.6 12l-.4 1.4c-.7.2-1.9.6-3 .6-.7 0-1.2-.2-1.2-.9 0-.2 0-.3.1-.5l2-6.7H.7l.4-1.5 4.2-.6h.2L3 12h1.6zm-.3-9.2c-.9 0-1.4-.5-1.4-1.3C2.9.5 3.7 0 4.6 0 5.4 0 6 .5 6 1.3c0 1-.8 1.5-1.7 1.5z"></path></svg></label><input type="checkbox" id="the-checkbox"/> <div id="the-caption"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1ie0kc7"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Electronic tags: should they be used in addition to a prison sentence in Ireland? Photograph: Chris Radburn/PA</span></figcaption></div></div></div></span></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Electronic tags: should they be used in addition to a prison sentence in Ireland? Photograph: Chris Radburn/PA</span></figcaption></span></figure></div></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:title;" data-gu-name="title" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-10355cg"><div class="dcr-0"><div class="dcr-4pzc03"><span class="dcr-1v9xu6e"></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/series/guardian-legal-network" data-component="series" data-link-name="article series" class="dcr-u0pbjs"><span>Guardian Legal Network</span></a><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/law" data-component="section" data-link-name="article section" class="dcr-1v9e6r1"><span>Law</span></a></span></div></div></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:border;" data-gu-name="border" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-upmzd8"></div></div><div style="--grid-area:headline;" data-gu-name="headline" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-13w83bs"><div class="dcr-cohhs3"><div class="dcr-notra3"><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-13832xi"><svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="currentColor"><path d="M5.4 0C2.4 0 0 2.4 0 5.4s2.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4-2.4 5.4-5.4S8.4 0 5.4 0zm3 6.8H4.7V1.7h.7L6 5.4l2.4.6v.8z"></path></svg> This article is more than <strong>14 years old</strong></div></div><h1 class="dcr-s88ov6">Electronic tagging of offenders raises rights concerns</h1><div class="dcr-1nvgr5i">This article is more than 14 years old</div><div class="dcr-i75fkw"><div class="dcr-r5wjto"><span>Liz Campbell for Human Rights in Ireland, part of the Guardian Legal Network</span></div></div></div><div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="29" viewBox="0 0 1300 29" preserveAspectRatio="none" stroke="var(--straight-lines)" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="dcr-2232f3"><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="0.5" y2="0.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="4.5" y2="4.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="8.5" y2="8.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="12.5" y2="12.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="16.5" y2="16.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="20.5" y2="20.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="24.5" y2="24.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="28.5" y2="28.5"></line></svg></div></div></div></div><div style="--grid-area:lines;" data-gu-name="lines" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-mc7gai"><span class="dcr-1vetsv0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="29" viewBox="0 0 1300 29" preserveAspectRatio="none" stroke="var(--straight-lines)" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="dcr-1rctyfj"><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="0.5" y2="0.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="4.5" y2="4.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="8.5" y2="8.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="12.5" y2="12.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="16.5" y2="16.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="20.5" y2="20.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="24.5" y2="24.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="28.5" y2="28.5"></line></svg></span></div></div><div style="--grid-area:standfirst;" data-gu-name="standfirst" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class=" dcr-16dfovq">Today's release of convicted rapist Larry Murphy has prompted heated debate about the monitoring of sex offenders</div></div><aside style="--grid-area:meta;" data-gu-name="meta" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class=" dcr-1v9sla6"><div class="dcr-5oiine"><div class="dcr-1kpcv08"><div><div style="--mobile-color:inherit;" class="dcr-1pexjb9">Thu 12 Aug 2010 14.48 BST</div></div></div><div data-print-layout="hide" class="dcr-9dgpdq"><div class=" dcr-16lnb0w"><gu-island name="ShareButton" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"pageId":"law/2010/aug/12/larry-murphy-electronic-tagging","webTitle":"Electronic tagging of offenders raises rights concerns | Liz Campbell | Guardian Legal Network","format":{"design":8,"display":0,"theme":1},"context":"ArticleMeta"}"><a href="mailto:?subject=Electronic tagging of offenders raises rights concerns | Liz Campbell | Guardian Legal Network&body=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2010/aug/12/larry-murphy-electronic-tagging?CMP=share_btn_url" type="button" class="dcr-bao4ku">Share<div class="src-button-space"></div><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19 16c1.675 0 3 1.35 3 3 0 1.675-1.325 3-3 3a2.97 2.97 0 0 1-2.975-3c0-.125 0-.275.025-.375L7.1 14.15a2.9 2.9 0 0 1-2.075.825C3.325 14.975 2 13.65 2 12a3.004 3.004 0 0 1 3.025-3.025c.775 0 1.5.35 2.075.875l8.95-4.475c-.025-.1-.025-.225-.025-.4A2.966 2.966 0 0 1 19 2c1.675 0 3 1.325 3 2.975C22 6.65 20.675 8 19 8c-.8 0-1.475-.325-2.05-.825l-8.975 4.45C8 11.7 8 11.825 8 12s0 .3-.025.375l8.975 4.45c.575-.5 1.25-.825 2.05-.825m0-12.8c-.975 0-1.8.775-1.8 1.775S18.025 6.8 19 6.8c1 0 1.825-.825 1.825-1.825S20 3.2 19 3.2m0 17.6c1 0 1.825-.825 1.825-1.8 0-1-.825-1.8-1.825-1.8-.975 0-1.8.8-1.8 1.8 0 .975.825 1.8 1.8 1.8"></path></svg></a></gu-island></div><div class=" 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style="color:var(--drop-cap);font-weight:300;" class="dcr-15rw6c2">T</span>his morning's release of convicted rapist <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-10949140" data-link-name="in body link">Larry Murphy</a> has prompted heated debate about <a href="http://www.humanrights.ie/index.php/2010/08/11/remission-of-sentences-in-ireland/" data-link-name="in body link">remission of sentences</a>, and also about the monitoring of sex offenders after release from prison. Electronic monitoring or tagging is used in other jurisdictions such as <a href="http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2003/ukpga_20030044_en_17#pt12-ch4-pb4" data-link-name="in body link">England and Wales</a> in schemes of early release from prison, as a condition of bail or a term in a community service order. However, what has been <a href="http://examiner.ie/home/anger-over-rapists-early-release-127666.html" data-link-name="in body link">called for in Ireland</a> is tagging as an addition to a prison sentence.</p><p class="dcr-1n1orvu">The <a href="http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2010/0812/breaking3.html" data-link-name="in body link">Minister for Justice Dermot Ahern has conceded</a> that the <a href="http://www.humanrights.ie/index.php/2010/08/12/electronic-monitoring-of-offenders/www.irishstatutebook.ie/2006/en/act/pub/0026/index.html" data-link-name="in body link">Criminal Justice Act 2006</a> does not provide for electronic tagging which would allow Murphy's movements to be tracked or indeed limited upon his release. <a href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2006/en/act/pub/0026/sec0101.html#sec101" data-link-name="in body link">Section 101</a> of the Criminal Justice Act 2006 allows a restriction on movement order to be imposed on an adult convicted of a <a href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1994/en/act/pub/0002/index.html" data-link-name="in body link">public order offence</a> or a non-fatal offence against the person as an alternative to a sentence. The court must have considered that imprisonment for three months or more was otherwise appropriate. Such an order provides the places where the offender may and may not be present, and shall not last for more than six months. Moreover, a restriction on movement order may require electronic monitoring. Where <a href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2006/en/act/pub/0026/sec0102.html#sec102" data-link-name="in body link">electronic monitoring</a> is to occur, the order must detail an "authorised person" who is responsible for monitoring the offender's compliance. Non-compliance may result in the imposition of another such order, or in the case being dealt with in any other permissible way.</p><div id="sign-in-gate"><gu-island name="SignInGateSelector" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","sectionId":"law","tags":[{"id":"law/series/guardian-legal-network","type":"Series","title":"Guardian Legal Network"},{"id":"law/law","type":"Keyword","title":"Law"},{"id":"society/rape","type":"Keyword","title":"Rape and sexual assault"},{"id":"law/civil-liberties-international","type":"Keyword","title":"Civil liberties - international"},{"id":"tone/comment","type":"Tone","title":"Comment"},{"id":"type/article","type":"Type","title":"Article"}],"isPaidContent":false,"isPreview":false,"host":"https://www.theguardian.com","pageId":"law/2010/aug/12/larry-murphy-electronic-tagging","idUrl":"https://profile.theguardian.com","switches":{"externalVideoEmbeds":true,"abSignInGateMainVariant":true,"lightbox":true,"abGpidPrebidAdUnits":true,"prebidAppnexusUkRow":true,"prebidMagnite":true,"commercialMetrics":true,"prebidTrustx":true,"scAdFreeBanner":false,"adaptiveSite":true,"prebidPermutiveAudience":true,"compareVariantDecision":false,"enableSentryReporting":true,"lazyLoadContainers":true,"ampArticleSwitch":true,"remarketing":true,"articleEndSlot":true,"keyEventsCarousel":true,"registerWithPhone":false,"darkModeWeb":true,"targeting":true,"remoteHeader":true,"slotBodyEnd":true,"prebidImproveDigitalSkins":false,"ampPrebidOzone":true,"extendedMostPopularFronts":true,"emailInlineInFooter":true,"showNewPrivacyWordingOnEmailSignupEmbeds":true,"prebidAnalytics":true,"extendedMostPopular":true,"ampContentAbTesting":false,"prebidCriteo":true,"okta":true,"imrWorldwide":true,"acast":true,"twitterUwt":true,"prebidAppnexusInvcode":true,"ampPrebidPubmatic":true,"abUsaExpandableMarketingCard":true,"a9HeaderBidding":true,"prebidAppnexus":true,"abOnwardsContentArticle":false,"enableDiscussionSwitch":true,"prebidXaxis":true,"stickyVideos":true,"interactiveFullHeaderSwitch":true,"discussionAllPageSize":true,"prebidUserSync":true,"audioOnwardJourneySwitch":true,"brazeTaylorReport":false,"callouts":true,"sentinelLogger":true,"geoMostPopular":true,"weAreHiring":false,"relatedContent":true,"thirdPartyEmbedTracking":true,"prebidOzone":true,"ampLiveblogSwitch":true,"ampAmazon":true,"prebidAdYouLike":true,"mostViewedFronts":true,"optOutAdvertising":true,"abSignInGateMainControl":true,"googleSearch":true,"disableFrontContainerShowHide":true,"abOptOutFrequencyCap":true,"brazeSwitch":true,"prebidKargo":true,"consentManagement":true,"personaliseSignInGateAfterCheckout":true,"prebidSonobi":true,"idProfileNavigation":true,"confiantAdVerification":true,"discussionAllowAnonymousRecommendsSwitch":false,"absoluteServerTimes":false,"permutive":true,"comscore":true,"ampPrebidCriteo":true,"newsletterOnwards":false,"youtubeIma":true,"webFonts":true,"liveBlogTopSponsorship":true,"prebidImproveDigital":false,"abAdBlockAsk":false,"ophan":true,"crosswordSvgThumbnails":true,"prebidTriplelift":true,"weather":true,"prebidPubmatic":true,"serverShareCounts":false,"autoRefresh":true,"enhanceTweets":true,"prebidIndexExchange":true,"prebidOpenx":true,"prebidHeaderBidding":true,"idCookieRefresh":true,"discussionPageSize":true,"smartAppBanner":false,"abNewHeaderBiddingEndpoint":true,"historyTags":true,"brazeContentCards":true,"remoteBanner":true,"emailSignupRecaptcha":true,"prebidSmart":true,"shouldLoadGoogletag":true,"inizio":true,"europeBetaFront":true}}"></gu-island></div><p class="dcr-1n1orvu">Tagging, albeit at the pre-trial stage, is also provided for in section 11 of the <a href="http://www.gardaombudsman.ie/GSOC/GSOC-Criminal-Justice-Act-2007.pdf" data-link-name="in body link">Criminal Justice Act 2007</a> which inserts a new section 6B into the Bail Act 1997. This states that a recognisance for a person charged with a serious offence may be made subject to the electronic monitoring of the accused's movements on bail.</p><p class="dcr-1n1orvu">Thus, we can see that the existing legal scheme in Ireland provides for post-conviction monitoring in lieu of a sentence, rather than as an addition. Concern about the legality of tagging a person who has served his sentence stems from the possibility of interpreting this as an additional punishment, which could breach the constitutional principle of proportionality in sentencing and <a href="http://www.hri.org/docs/ECHR50.html#C.Art7" data-link-name="in body link">Article 7 of the ECHR</a>, which prohibits the imposition of a heavier penalty than the one applicable at the time the offence was committed.</p><p class="dcr-1n1orvu">Existing post-conviction measures which pertain to sex offenders are contained in the <a href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2001/en/act/pub/0018/index.html" data-link-name="in body link">Sex Offenders Act 2001</a>. Part 2 imposes a duty on a convicted sex offender to notify the Gardaí of his/her name, address and any change thereof after serving his sentence. Geoghegan J upheld the constitutionality of this part in Enright v Ireland and the Attorney General on the basis that the registration requirement does not constitute a penalty, and is a proportionate measure to protect the rights of other citizens.</p><p class="dcr-1n1orvu">Furthermore, Part 5 of the 2001 act provides for post-release supervision of sex offenders. The duration of the supervision period and the sentence of imprisonment shall not exceed the maximum term that may be imposed for the offence. Crucially, the duration of the sentence of imprisonment shall not be less than the term that the court would have imposed if it had assessed the matter without considering the order. This provision essentially imposes an additional period of control on the sex offender, and commentators such as <a href="http://www.jsijournal.ie/html/Volume%201%20No.%201/1%5B1%5D_O%27Malley_Developments%20in%20Sentencing.pdf" data-link-name="in body link">Tom O'Malley</a> have questioned its constitutionality. It is arguable that in the light of Enright, the validity of the pertinent section would be upheld on the basis of proportionality and consequentialist concern for public protection.</p><p class="dcr-1n1orvu">The core issue is how the courts interpret and characterise monitoring at the post-conviction and indeed post-imprisonment stage of the criminal process. Whether tagging would be seen as analogous to registration is debatable, given that the intervention in terms of privacy and freedom of movement it entails on a person who has completed his prison sentence is greater than signing in with the Gardaí. Perhaps one means of reconciling popular concern with constitutional norms is to incorporate tagging into the remission scheme; in other words, to predicate early release upon the acceptance of electronic tagging. Another means of safeguarding tagging from constitutional challenge would be to require a court (contra section 29(3) of the Sex Offenders Act 2001) to take electronic monitoring into account when sentencing, thus ensuring the combined proportionality of the sentence and tagging. To electronically monitor a person beyond the duration of a prison sentence is to impose an additional punishment, and would not be human rights compliant in a domestic or ECHR context.</p></div></div><gu-island name="SlotBodyEnd" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","contributionsServiceUrl":"https://contributions.guardianapis.com","idApiUrl":"https://idapi.theguardian.com","isMinuteArticle":false,"isPaidContent":false,"pageId":"law/2010/aug/12/larry-murphy-electronic-tagging","sectionId":"law","shouldHideReaderRevenue":false,"stage":"PROD","tags":[{"id":"law/series/guardian-legal-network","type":"Series","title":"Guardian Legal Network"},{"id":"law/law","type":"Keyword","title":"Law"},{"id":"society/rape","type":"Keyword","title":"Rape and sexual assault"},{"id":"law/civil-liberties-international","type":"Keyword","title":"Civil liberties - 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Syal","image":{"src":"https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Business/Pix/pictures/2013/10/25/1382701434639/Chris-Hyman-quits-Serco--008.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=367394f4df49c3814f2729173df8461a","altText":""},"carouselImages":{"300":"https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Business/Pix/pictures/2013/10/25/1382701434639/Chris-Hyman-quits-Serco--008.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=367394f4df49c3814f2729173df8461a","460":"https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Business/Pix/pictures/2013/10/25/1382701434639/Chris-Hyman-quits-Serco--008.jpg?width=460&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=416af1aacd150c9174463e3cb12e9aa8"},"ageWarning":"11 years","isLiveBlog":false,"pillar":"news","designType":"Article","format":{"design":0,"display":0,"theme":0},"webPublicationDate":"2013-10-25T18:20:00.000Z","headline":"Serco chief quits before investigation into electronic tagging charges","shortUrl":"https://www.theguardian.com/p/3jpby","discussion":{"isCommentable":false,"isClosedForComments":true,"discussionId":"/p/3jpby"},"dataLinkName":"news | group-0 | card-@7"}],"onwardsSource":"more-on-this-story","format":{"design":8,"display":0,"theme":1},"leftColSize":"compact","discussionApiUrl":"https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api","absoluteServerTimes":false}"><div data-format-theme="1" data-format-design="8" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-kxtmey"><div data-link-name="more-on-this-story" class="dcr-d7m0at"><section class="dcr-u6x71m"><div class="dcr-yg4zrc"><div><h2 class="dcr-7wump5"><span class="dcr-1xd0zzo">More on this story</span></h2><div style="margin-bottom:8px;"><span aria-hidden="true" data-link-name="carousel-small-nav-dot-0" class="dcr-zxdpfk"></span><span aria-hidden="true" data-link-name="carousel-small-nav-dot-1" class="dcr-6r6u10"></span><span aria-hidden="true" data-link-name="carousel-small-nav-dot-2" 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data-heatphan-type="carousel" class="dcr-1u2dxhy"><li class="dcr-1hjrzf1"><div data-format-theme="0" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-66nf4t"><div class="dcr-kzb4u"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/nov/13/disastrous-offender-tagging-scheme-hit-by-fresh-delays" data-link-name="carousel-small-card-position-0" aria-label="'Disastrous' offender tagging scheme hit by fresh delays" class="dcr-ezvrjj"></a><div style="background-color:var(--onward-content-card-background);gap:0;" class="dcr-6su6tq"><div class="dcr-1shzr3u"><picture data-size="carousel" class="dcr-1sv0ry1"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/b456551657a1e16eff4fded2dab30005ea5aeeb6/0_308_5227_3137/master/5227.jpg?width=220&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source 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2017</time></gu-island></span></footer></div><div style="margin-top:auto;"></div></div></div><div style="padding:0 8px;"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-1hjrzf1"><div data-format-theme="0" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-66nf4t"><div class="dcr-kzb4u"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/jul/15/capita-electronic-tagging-grayling-uk-contract-6-years-g4s-serco" data-link-name="carousel-small-card-position-1" aria-label="Grayling awards Capita six-year UK electronic tagging contract" class="dcr-ezvrjj"></a><div style="background-color:var(--onward-content-card-background);gap:0;" class="dcr-6su6tq"><div class="dcr-1shzr3u"><picture data-size="carousel" class="dcr-1sv0ry1"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2014/7/15/1405423164022/Electronic-tag-011.jpg?width=220&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2014/7/15/1405423164022/Electronic-tag-011.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2014/7/15/1405423164022/Electronic-tag-011.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" loading="eager" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="image-overlay"></div></div><div class="dcr-1oyocfm"><div class="dcr-uh1jz3"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-vxekaq"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Grayling awards Capita six-year UK electronic tagging contract</span></h3></div><footer class="dcr-1mv0cw8"><span class="dcr-1kwfvxn"><gu-island name="RelativeTime" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="visible" props="{"then":1405423722000,"now":1732538040000,"editionId":"INT"}"><time dateTime="2014-07-15T11:28:42.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Tuesday 15 July 2014 at 12:28 British Summer Time">15 Jul 2014</time></gu-island></span><a data-discussion-id="/p/4vxa7" data-ignore="global-link-styling" data-link-name="Comment count" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/jul/15/capita-electronic-tagging-grayling-uk-contract-6-years-g4s-serco#comments" class="dcr-1y55dzj"><gu-island name="CardCommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"discussionApiUrl":"https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api","discussionId":"/p/4vxa7","isOnwardContent":true}"><div class="dcr-1dpvugq"><div class="dcr-104267p"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13 0l1 1v7l-1 1H7l-2 3H4V9H2L1 8V1l1-1h11z"></path></svg></div><div class="dcr-1xg7t4s">…</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-hv8aup">…</div><span class="dcr-194i6pr"> comments</span></div></gu-island></a></footer></div><div style="margin-top:auto;"></div></div></div><div style="padding:0 8px;"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-1hjrzf1"><div data-format-theme="0" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-66nf4t"><div class="dcr-kzb4u"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/nov/19/g4s-admits-overcharging-ministry-of-justice-tagging" data-link-name="carousel-small-card-position-2" aria-label="G4S admits overcharging MoJ £24m on electronic tagging contract" class="dcr-ezvrjj"></a><div style="background-color:var(--onward-content-card-background);gap:0;" class="dcr-6su6tq"><div class="dcr-1shzr3u"><picture data-size="carousel" class="dcr-1sv0ry1"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/11/19/1384862290691/G4S-logo-009.jpg?width=220&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/11/19/1384862290691/G4S-logo-009.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/11/19/1384862290691/G4S-logo-009.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" loading="eager" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="image-overlay"></div></div><div class="dcr-1oyocfm"><div class="dcr-uh1jz3"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-vxekaq"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">G4S admits overcharging MoJ £24m on electronic tagging contract</span></h3></div><footer class="dcr-1mv0cw8"><span class="dcr-1kwfvxn"><gu-island name="RelativeTime" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="visible" props="{"then":1384862322000,"now":1732538040000,"editionId":"INT"}"><time dateTime="2013-11-19T11:58:42.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Tuesday 19 November 2013 at 11:58 Greenwich Mean Time">19 Nov 2013</time></gu-island></span><a data-discussion-id="/p/3kfzz" data-ignore="global-link-styling" data-link-name="Comment count" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/nov/19/g4s-admits-overcharging-ministry-of-justice-tagging#comments" class="dcr-1y55dzj"><gu-island name="CardCommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"discussionApiUrl":"https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api","discussionId":"/p/3kfzz","isOnwardContent":true}"><div class="dcr-1dpvugq"><div class="dcr-104267p"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13 0l1 1v7l-1 1H7l-2 3H4V9H2L1 8V1l1-1h11z"></path></svg></div><div class="dcr-1xg7t4s">…</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-hv8aup">…</div><span class="dcr-194i6pr"> comments</span></div></gu-island></a></footer></div><div style="margin-top:auto;"></div></div></div><div style="padding:0 8px;"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-1hjrzf1"><div data-format-theme="0" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-66nf4t"><div class="dcr-kzb4u"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/dec/19/serco-electronic-tagging-scandal-overcharging" data-link-name="carousel-small-card-position-3" aria-label="Serco raises estimated hit from electronic tagging scandal" class="dcr-ezvrjj"></a><div style="background-color:var(--onward-content-card-background);gap:0;" class="dcr-6su6tq"><div class="dcr-1shzr3u"><picture data-size="carousel" class="dcr-1sv0ry1"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Business/Pix/pictures/2013/12/19/1387447096681/Serco-008.jpg?width=220&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Business/Pix/pictures/2013/12/19/1387447096681/Serco-008.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Business/Pix/pictures/2013/12/19/1387447096681/Serco-008.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" loading="eager" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="image-overlay"></div></div><div class="dcr-1oyocfm"><div class="dcr-uh1jz3"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-vxekaq"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">Serco raises estimated hit from electronic tagging scandal</span></h3></div><footer class="dcr-1mv0cw8"><span class="dcr-1kwfvxn"><gu-island name="RelativeTime" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="visible" props="{"then":1387464240000,"now":1732538040000,"editionId":"INT"}"><time dateTime="2013-12-19T14:44:00.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Thursday 19 December 2013 at 14:44 Greenwich Mean Time">19 Dec 2013</time></gu-island></span><a data-discussion-id="/p/3yba7" data-ignore="global-link-styling" data-link-name="Comment count" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/dec/19/serco-electronic-tagging-scandal-overcharging#comments" class="dcr-1y55dzj"><gu-island name="CardCommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"discussionApiUrl":"https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api","discussionId":"/p/3yba7","isOnwardContent":true}"><div class="dcr-1dpvugq"><div class="dcr-104267p"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13 0l1 1v7l-1 1H7l-2 3H4V9H2L1 8V1l1-1h11z"></path></svg></div><div class="dcr-1xg7t4s">…</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-hv8aup">…</div><span class="dcr-194i6pr"> comments</span></div></gu-island></a></footer></div><div style="margin-top:auto;"></div></div></div><div style="padding:0 8px;"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-1hjrzf1"><div data-format-theme="0" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-66nf4t"><div class="dcr-kzb4u"><a 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src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2013/12/12/1386846065580/Electronic-tag-008.jpg?width=220&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" loading="lazy" data-chromatic="ignore" class="dcr-l300o4"/></picture><div class="image-overlay"></div></div><div class="dcr-1oyocfm"><div class="dcr-uh1jz3"><div class="dcr-147a5s0"><h3 class="card-headline dcr-vxekaq"><span class="show-underline dcr-uyefka">G4S and Serco hand over offender tagging contracts over fraud claims</span></h3></div><footer class="dcr-1mv0cw8"><span class="dcr-1kwfvxn"><gu-island name="RelativeTime" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="visible" props="{"then":1386846225000,"now":1732538040000,"editionId":"INT"}"><time dateTime="2013-12-12T11:03:45.000Z" data-locale="en-gb" title="Thursday 12 December 2013 at 11:03 Greenwich Mean Time">12 Dec 2013</time></gu-island></span><a data-discussion-id="/p/3y673" data-ignore="global-link-styling" data-link-name="Comment count" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/dec/12/g4s-serco-tagging-contracts-fraud-allegations-monitoring-criminals#comments" class="dcr-1y55dzj"><gu-island name="CardCommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"discussionApiUrl":"https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api","discussionId":"/p/3y673","isOnwardContent":true}"><div class="dcr-1dpvugq"><div class="dcr-104267p"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13 0l1 1v7l-1 1H7l-2 3H4V9H2L1 8V1l1-1h11z"></path></svg></div><div class="dcr-1xg7t4s">…</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-hv8aup">…</div><span class="dcr-194i6pr"> comments</span></div></gu-island></a></footer></div><div style="margin-top:auto;"></div></div></div><div style="padding:0 8px;"></div></div></div></li><li class="dcr-1hjrzf1"><div data-format-theme="0" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-66nf4t"><div class="dcr-kzb4u"><a 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