Saint Bear, Storm-0587, TA471, UAC-0056, Lorec53, Group G1031

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Please switch to the <a href='https://github.com/mitre-attack/attack-workbench-taxii-server/blob/main/docs/USAGE.md'>TAXII 2.1 server</a> to ensure uninterrupted service. </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-1 flex-shrink-0">   <div class="sidebar nav sticky-top flex-column pr-0 pt-4 pb-3 pl-3" id="v-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical"> <div class="resizer" id="resizer"></div>  <div id="sidebars"></div>  </div> <div class="tab-content col-xl-9 pt-4" id="v-tabContent"> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-attckmatrix" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-attckmatrix-tab"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/">Home</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/groups/">Groups</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item">Saint Bear</li> </ol> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v--tab"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xl-12"> <div class="jumbotron jumbotron-fluid"> <div class="container-fluid"> <h1> Saint Bear </h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="description-body"> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> is a Russian-nexus threat actor active since early 2021, primarily targeting entities in Ukraine and Georgia. The group is notable for a specific remote access tool, <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1018">Saint Bot</a>, and information stealer, <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1017">OutSteel</a> in campaigns. <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> typically relies on phishing or web staging of malicious documents and related file types for initial access, spoofing government or related entities.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023."data-reference="Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor"><sup><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/06/14/cadet-blizzard-emerges-as-a-novel-and-distinct-russian-threat-actor/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span> <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has previously been confused with <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1003">Ember Bear</a> operations, but analysis of behaviors, tools, and targeting indicates these are distinct clusters.</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <div id="card-id" class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">ID: </span>G1031 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="Names that have overlapping reference to a group entry and may refer to the same or similar group in threat intelligence reporting">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Associated Groups</span>: Storm-0587, TA471, UAC-0056, Lorec53 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Version</span>: 1.0 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Created: </span>25 May 2024 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Last Modified: </span>12 August 2024 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center pt-2 version-button permalink"> <div class="live"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Permalink to this version of G1031" href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031/" data-test-ignore="true">Version Permalink</a> </div> <div class="permalink"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Go to the live version of G1031" href="/groups/G1031/" data-test-ignore="true">Live Version</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id ="aliasDescription">Associated Group Descriptions</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> Storm-0587 </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023."data-reference="Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor"><sup><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/06/14/cadet-blizzard-emerges-as-a-novel-and-distinct-russian-threat-actor/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> TA471 </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> UAC-0056 </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Lorec53 </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>  <div class="dropdown h3 mt-3 float-right"> <button class="btn btn-navy dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <b>ATT&CK<sup>®</sup> Navigator Layers</b> </button> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton"> <h6 class="dropdown-header">Enterprise Layer</h6> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031/G1031-enterprise-layer.json" download target="_blank">download</a>  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#" id="view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise" target="_blank">view <img width="10" src="/versions/v16/theme/images/external-site-dark.jpeg"></a> <script src="/versions/v16/theme/scripts/settings.js"></script> <script> if (window.location.protocol == "https:") { //view on navigator only works when this site is hosted on HTTPS var layerURL = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + base_url + "groups/G1031/G1031-enterprise-layer.json"; document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise").href = "https://mitre-attack.github.io/attack-navigator//#layerURL=" + encodeURIComponent(layerURL); } else { //hide button document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise").classList.add("d-none"); } </script> </div> </div>  <h2 class="pt-3 mb-2" id="techniques">Techniques Used</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table techniques-used background table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Domain</th> <th class="p-2" colspan="2">ID</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Name</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Use</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1583">T1583</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1583/006">.006</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1583">Acquire Infrastructure</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1583/006">Web Services</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has leveraged the Discord content delivery network to host malicious content for retrieval during initial access operations.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">T1059</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has used the Windows Script Host (wscript) to execute intermediate files written to victim machines.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/001">PowerShell</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> relies extensively on PowerShell execution from malicious attachments and related content to retrieve and execute follow-on payloads.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/003">.003</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/003">Windows Command Shell</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> initial loaders will also drop a malicious Windows batch file, available via open source GitHub repositories, that disables Microsoft Defender functionality.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/007">.007</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/007">JavaScript</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has delivered malicious Microsoft Office files containing an embedded JavaScript object that would, on execution, download and execute <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1017">OutSteel</a> and <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1018">Saint Bot</a>.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1203">T1203</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1203">Exploitation for Client Execution</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has leveraged vulnerabilities in client applications such as CVE-2017-11882 in Microsoft Office to enable code execution in victim environments.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1589">T1589</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1589/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1589">Gather Victim Identity Information</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1589/002">Email Addresses</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> gathered victim email information in advance of phishing operations for targeted attacks.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562">T1562</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562">Impair Defenses</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562/001">Disable or Modify Tools</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> will modify registry entries and scheduled task objects associated with Windows Defender to disable its functionality.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1656">T1656</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1656">Impersonation</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has impersonated government and related entities in both phishing activity and developing web sites with malicious links that mimic legitimate resources.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023."data-reference="Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor"><sup><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/06/14/cadet-blizzard-emerges-as-a-novel-and-distinct-russian-threat-actor/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1112">T1112</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1112">Modify Registry</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> will leverage malicious Windows batch scripts to modify registry values associated with Windows Defender functionality.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">T1027</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">Obfuscated Files or Information</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/002">Software Packing</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> clones .NET assemblies from other .NET binaries as well as cloning code signing certificates from other software to obfuscate the initial loader payload.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/013">.013</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">Obfuscated Files or Information</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/013">Encrypted/Encoded File</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> initial payloads included encoded follow-on payloads located in the resources file of the first-stage loader.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566">T1566</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566">Phishing</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566/001">Spearphishing Attachment</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> uses a variety of file formats, such as Microsoft Office documents, ZIP archives, PDF documents, and other items as phishing attachments for initial access.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1608">T1608</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1608/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1608">Stage Capabilities</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1608/001">Upload Malware</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has used the Discord content delivery network for hosting malicious content referenced in links and emails.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1553">T1553</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1553/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1553">Subvert Trust Controls</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1553/002">Code Signing</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has used an initial loader malware featuring a legitimate code signing certificate associated with "Electrum Technologies GmbH."<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">T1204</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">User Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/001">Malicious Link</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> has, in addition to email-based phishing attachments, used malicious websites masquerading as legitimate entities to host links to malicious files for user execution.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023."data-reference="Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor"><sup><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/06/14/cadet-blizzard-emerges-as-a-novel-and-distinct-russian-threat-actor/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">User Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/002">Malicious File</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> relies on user interaction and execution of malicious attachments and similar for initial execution on victim systems.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1497">T1497</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1497">Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> contains several anti-analysis and anti-virtualization checks.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="software">Software</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">References</th> <th scope="col">Techniques</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1017">S1017</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1017">OutSteel</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1017">OutSteel</a> is uniquely associated with <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> as a post-exploitation document collection and exfiltration tool.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1071">Application Layer Protocol</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1071/001">Web Protocols</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1119">Automated Collection</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1020">Automated Exfiltration</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/003">Windows Command Shell</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/010">AutoHotKey & AutoIT</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1005">Data from Local System</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1041">Exfiltration Over C2 Channel</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1083">File and Directory Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1070">Indicator Removal</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1070/004">File Deletion</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1105">Ingress Tool Transfer</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1570">Lateral Tool Transfer</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">Masquerading</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/005">Match Legitimate Name or Location</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566">Phishing</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566/002">Spearphishing Link</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566">Phishing</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566/001">Spearphishing Attachment</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1057">Process Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">User Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/001">Malicious Link</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">User Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/002">Malicious File</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1018">S1018</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1018">Saint Bot</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S1018">Saint Bot</a> is closely correlated with <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G1031">Saint Bear</a> operations as a common post-exploitation toolset.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022."data-reference="Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 "><sup><a href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1548">Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1548/002">Bypass User Account Control</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1071">Application Layer Protocol</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1071/001">Web Protocols</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1547">Boot or Logon Autostart Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1547/001">Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/003">Windows Command Shell</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/005">Visual Basic</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/001">PowerShell</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1132">Data Encoding</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1132/001">Standard Encoding</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1005">Data from Local System</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1622">Debugger Evasion</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1140">Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1083">File and Directory Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1574">Hijack Execution Flow</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1070">Indicator Removal</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1070/004">File Deletion</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1105">Ingress Tool Transfer</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">Masquerading</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">Masquerading</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/005">Match Legitimate Name or Location</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1106">Native API</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">Obfuscated Files or Information</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">Obfuscated Files or Information</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/002">Software Packing</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566">Phishing</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566/002">Spearphishing Link</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566">Phishing</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1566/001">Spearphishing Attachment</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1057">Process Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1055">Process Injection</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1055/001">Dynamic-link Library Injection</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1055">Process Injection</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1055/004">Asynchronous Procedure Call</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1055">Process Injection</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1055/012">Process Hollowing</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1012">Query Registry</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1053">Scheduled Task/Job</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1053/005">Scheduled Task</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1218">System Binary Proxy Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1218/010">Regsvr32</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1218">System Binary Proxy Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1218/004">InstallUtil</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1082">System Information Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1614">System Location Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1016">System Network Configuration Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1033">System Owner/User Discovery</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">User Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/002">Malicious File</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204">User Execution</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1204/001">Malicious Link</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1497">Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1497/003">Time Based Evasion</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1497">Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1497/001">System Checks</a> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="references">References</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ol> <li> <span id="scite-1" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-1" href="https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ukraine-targeted-outsteel-saintbot/" target="_blank"> Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="col"> <ol start="2.0"> <li> <span id="scite-2" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-2" href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/06/14/cadet-blizzard-emerges-as-a-novel-and-distinct-russian-threat-actor/" target="_blank"> Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="overlay search" id="search-overlay" style="display: none;"> <div class="overlay-inner">  <div class="search-header"> <div class="search-input"> <input type="text" id="search-input" placeholder="search"> </div> <div class="search-icons"> <div class="search-parsing-icon spinner-border" style="display: none" id="search-parsing-icon"></div> <div class="close-search-icon" id="close-search-icon">×</div> </div> </div>  <div id="search-body" class="search-body"> <div class="results" id="search-results">  </div> <div id="load-more-results" class="load-more-results"> <button class="btn btn-default" id="load-more-results-button">load more results</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-0 flex-shrink-1">  <footer class="col footer"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row row-footer"> <div class="col-2 col-sm-2 col-md-2"> <div class="footer-center-responsive my-auto"> <a href="https://www.mitre.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="MITRE"> <img src="/versions/v16/theme/images/mitrelogowhiteontrans.gif" class="mitre-logo-wtrans"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-2 col-sm-2 footer-responsive-break"></div> <div class="footer-link-group"> <div class="row row-footer"> <div class="px-3 col-footer"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/versions/v16/resources/engage-with-attack/contact" class="footer-link">Contact Us</a></u> </div> <div class="px-3 col-footer"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/versions/v16/resources/legal-and-branding/terms-of-use" class="footer-link">Terms of Use</a></u> </div> <div class="px-3 col-footer"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/versions/v16/resources/legal-and-branding/privacy" class="footer-link">Privacy Policy</a></u> </div> <div class="px-3"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/versions/v16/resources/changelog.html" class="footer-link" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" data-html="true" title="ATT&CK content v16.1Website v4.2.1">Website Changelog</a></u> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <small class="px-3"> © 2015 - 2024, The MITRE Corporation. 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