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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vickers Vanguard</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9_%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ビッカースヴァンガード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビッカースヴァンガード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vickers Vanguard" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%85%88%E9%94%8B%E5%9E%8B" title="维克斯先锋型 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="维克斯先锋型" data-language-autonym="中文" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British medium-range airliner with 4 turboprop engines, 1959</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1920s biplane airliner, see <a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_170_Vanguard" title="Vickers Type 170 Vanguard">Vickers Type 170 Vanguard</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Vanguard</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg/300px-Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg/450px-Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg/600px-Invicta_International_Airlines_Vickers_952_Vanguard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="666" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">A Vickers Vanguard of <a href="/wiki/Invicta_International_Airlines" title="Invicta International Airlines">Invicta International Airlines</a>. This aircraft was involved in the <a href="/wiki/Invicta_International_Airlines_Flight_435" title="Invicta International Airlines Flight 435">Flight 435 crash</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Airliner</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">National origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways" title="British European Airways">British European Airways</a><div> <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">44</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">17 December 1960 (by <a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways" title="British European Airways">British European Airways</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">20 January 1959</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">17 October 1996</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Vickers Vanguard</b> was a short/medium-range <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a> <a href="/wiki/Airliner" title="Airliner">airliner</a> designed and produced by the British aircraft manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a>. </p><p>The Vanguard was developed during the mid-to-late 1950s in response to a specification issued by <a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways" title="British European Airways">British European Airways</a> (BEA) for a 100-seat airliner; Vickers decided to design such an airliner as a follow-up to the existing Viscount series, the principal difference from which being an expanded airframe that provided considerably more internal volume. Another key innovation was the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Tyne" title="Rolls-Royce Tyne">Tyne</a> engine, which was roughly twice as powerful as the Viscount's <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Dart" title="Rolls-Royce Dart">Rolls-Royce Dart</a> engine, and allowed for increases in both cruising speed and altitude. Throughout the design process, the needs of two airlines, BEA and <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a> (TCA), heavily shaped the Vanguard's specifics. </p><p>The Vanguard was brought into revenue service on 17 December 1960, around the same time as the commercial availability of a new generation of jet-powered airliners; as a result, these competitors quickly overshadowed its performance and led to the type being largely ignored by the market. Only 44 aircraft were ever built, the type having been ordered by BEA and TCA. After only about ten years' service, TCA experimentally converted one of its Vanguards to a freighter configuration, calling it the <b>Cargoliner</b>. Considered to be a success, the majority of Vanguards were converted into freighters during the early 1970s, those from BEA becoming the <b>Merchantman</b>. As a freighter, the type remained in service for many years, the final example being retired in 1996. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of the Vanguard can be traced back to speculative discussions between Vickers and the airline <a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways" title="British European Airways">British European Airways</a> (BEA) conducted as early as 1953, the same year in which the commercially successful <a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a> airliner first entered revenue service.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_451_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even at this early stage, the two firms had envisioned the introduction of a successor to the Viscount entering service around 1959. This envisioned successor airliner would possess economics 10 per cent greater<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> than those of the Viscount, while also being considerably faster throughout all operational stages.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_451_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of BEA's internal analysis of various options, which studied both <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a> and pure <a href="/wiki/Jet_propulsion" title="Jet propulsion">jet propulsion</a> arrangements, it became clear that a larger aircraft that could accommodate bigger payloads was highly desirable.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_451_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 April 1953, BEA's chief executive, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Masefield" title="Peter Masefield">Peter Masefield</a>, outlined the company's requirements in a letter to Vickers; these criteria included a cruise speed of 370 knots (430 mph; 690 km/h), a standard range of 1,000 miles (1,600 km), with 305 miles (490 km) in reserve fuel, the ability to accommodate up to 100 passengers, and an explicit preference for a high-wing configuration.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_451_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coincidentally, another airline, <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a> (TCA), also made contact with the manufacturer with its own list of requirements, calling for a Viscount-like airliner capable of servicing its transcontinental routes while carrying up to 60 passengers. Recognising the potential to fulfil both airlines' requirements in a single airliner, Vickers' design team commenced work on producing such an aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_451_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vicker's initial proposal, known as the <i>Type 870</i> or alternatively as the <i>Viscount Major</i>, was incapable of meeting BEA's criteria, and was quickly dismissed.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_451_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 May 1951, Vickers met with Rolls-Royce representatives to discuss potential engines for their envisioned airliner; the meeting led to the decision to adopt the in-development <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Tyne" title="Rolls-Royce Tyne">Rolls-Royce Tyne</a> powerplant for its revised proposal. While considerations towards adopting a <a href="/wiki/Turbojet" title="Turbojet">turbojets</a> engine were made, a study performed in November 1953 found that such an engine would produce inferior performance over shorter routes to a turboprop counterpart.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4512_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4512-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was around this time that Vickers' design team also discarded notions of adopting a <a href="/wiki/Swept_wing" title="Swept wing">swept wing</a>, largely due to its providing little benefit at the envisioned airliner's 350-knot (400 mph; 640 km/h) cruise speed, as well as its inferior performance during the approach stage of flight.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_452_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_452-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Redesign">Redesign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Redesign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite BEA's initial preference for a high-mounted wing, the company opted for a low-mounted wing following the adoption of a <i>double-bubble</i> fuselage.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_453_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_453-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This type of fuselage was necessary because of the large proportion of freight which BEA needed to carry. It was considered by Vickers to be impractical if carried at the same level as the passengers due to the excessive length that would be required, but carrying the freight in a lengthy hold beneath the main cabin was a practical arrangement. Furthermore, TCA wanted a low-mounted wing, which would make the aircraft easier to refuel, de-ice and service, as well as giving a statistically significant improvement in survival in the event of a water landing.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_453_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_453-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 13 April 1955, the range of design studies had been shortlisted down to five, these remaining concepts were jointly evaluated by BEA and Vickers.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_454_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_454-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these submissions, it was recognised that the combination of the low-mounted wing and the double-bubble fuselage represented the optimum configuration, having offered the best capacity and versatility amongst other attributes. This conceptual aircraft, referred to as the <i>Type 870 Scheme 16a</i>, could accommodate 88 passengers, a cruising speed of 360 knots (420 mph; 680 km/h) at 25,000 ft (7,600 m), and payload of 20,000 lb (9,100 kg).<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_454_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_454-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While BEA were interested in relatively short, sub-1000 mile, routes, its fuel tanks were progressively enlarged over several revisions to give a range of 2,600 miles (4,200 km) so that the airliner would be acceptable to TCA as well.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_454_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_454-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Type 900</i> was a further revision of the design, featuring an expanded payload capacity of 21,000 lb (9,500 kg) and carry up to 93 passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_454_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_454-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following some relatively minor revisions, which largely bolstered the gross weight upwards, that were made to better suit the design to the needs of global customers, the definitive <i>Type 950</i> proposal emerged. On 20 July 1960, BEA placed an initial order for 20 Type 950s, the type becoming subsequently known as the <i>Vanguard</i>; the airline publicly announced the order and its intended plan for the new airliner to succeed the Viscount in its fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_455_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the time, TCA was, while intensely interested in the airliner, not yet willing to commit itself, partially due to the basic model not entirely fulfilling its requirements, such as the level of capacity for <a href="/wiki/Air_mail" class="mw-redirect" title="Air mail">air mail</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_455_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vickers recognised that a high-density seating configuration, accommodating up to 139 passengers to be carried, would likely be attractive to more operators, and designed the <i>Type 952</i> model for this market. Following a particularly vigorous evaluation, during early January 1957, TCA announced that it had placed an order for 20 Type 952s.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_455_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a follow-on order for three more aircraft, it would be, measured in dollar worth, the largest single export deal in <a href="/wiki/Postwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Postwar">postwar</a> Britain's history at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_455_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Into_production">Into production</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Into production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The launch of the programme commenced immediately following BEA's initial order for the type.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_455_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the substantial growth of the airliner during the concept phase, engine supplier Rolls-Royce set about scaling up the Tyne engine from its initial output of 2,750 hp (2,000 kW) to at least 4,000 hp (3,000 kW). As the Vanguard's production line was coming online at Vickers' <a href="/wiki/Weybridge" title="Weybridge">Weybridge</a> facility, BEA recognised that, due to the typically short length of its routes, a higher density economy seating configuration could be adopted without impacting performance.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_456_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_456-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, on 23 July 1957, Vickers announced a new model, the <i>Type 953</i>, which could handle payloads of up to 29,000 lb (13,000 kg), which greatly improved the operating costs for BEA's preferred model; the airline quickly converted its order to six Type 951s and 14 Type 953s.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_456_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_456-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 January 1959, the first Type 950 prototype <i>G-AOYW</i> conducted its <a href="/wiki/Maiden_flight" title="Maiden flight">maiden flight</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AI_Ap97_p242_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AI_Ap97_p242-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4567_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4567-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flight, a transfer to Wisley three miles away, had been planned for December but the engines were returned to Rolls-Royce for minor work. Proper flight testing was then carried out from Wisley.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While development proceeded relatively smoothly, apart from over 2,000 flights being required to resolve unacceptable stalling characteristics, the last weeks of trials with BEA in early 1960 uncovered some engine-related difficulties, necessitating a brief delay while the compressor rotor was modified.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4589_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4589-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the issue resolved, the Vanguard entered revenue service with TCA on 1 February 1961, and with BEA one month later.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_459_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_459-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, by the time of the Vanguard's entry to service, the attitudes of the travelling public had shifted in favour of the new bypass jet engines which did not use propellers.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_45960_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_45960-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passengers typically preferred the additional speed, even at the disadvantage of greater operating costs and thus higher ticket prices, that came with jet-powered airliners. As such, the turboprop-powered Vanguard did not sell well, although those examples that were introduced typically performed well in numerous capacities, and often had lengthy service lives.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4560_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4560-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Vickers Vanguard was a turboprop-powered airliner designed for short- and medium-range services. The principal difference between the Vanguard and the preceding Viscount was in the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Fuselage" title="Fuselage">fuselage</a>; the Vanguard lower fuselage was similar to that of the Viscount but the top section had a larger-diameter giving a <i>double bubble</i> cross-section (somewhat similar to the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_Stratocruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing Stratocruiser">Boeing Stratocruiser</a>). The primary result of the larger upper portion was a more spacious interior, along with an increase in cargo capacity below the floor of the main cabin.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A low-mounted straight wing was also adopted for the type, despite considerations towards shoulder-mounted and swept-wing alternatives.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4523_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4523-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aviation author C. F. Andrews observed the design to be orthodox in practically every respect.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4578_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4578-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Vanguard's larger and heavier fuselage presented an obvious need to be combined with a more powerful engine, which led to the adoption of the newly-developed <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Tyne" title="Rolls-Royce Tyne">Rolls-Royce Tyne</a> engine. This powerplant was capable of generating a nominal 4,000 hp (3,000 kW), in comparison to the Viscount's <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Dart" title="Rolls-Royce Dart">Rolls-Royce Dart</a> of about 1,700 hp (1,300 kW). The Tyne engine enabled the Vanguard to be operated at a substantially greater service ceiling and cruising speed. The Vanguard was one of the fastest turboprop airliners to ever be built, including much later designs such as the <a href="/wiki/Saab_2000" title="Saab 2000">Saab 2000</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Dash_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Dash 8">de Havilland Canada Dash 8</a>. A pilot report describes maintaining 10,000 ft (3,000 m) altitude with three engines at idle power and propellers <a href="/wiki/Feathering_(propeller)" class="mw-redirect" title="Feathering (propeller)">feathered</a> and the port outer engine at maximum cruise power.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The flight deck of the Vanguard was particularly spacious for the era.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_458_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_458-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flying controls were designed with manual operation in mind and were aerodynamically balanced. In spite of this arrangement, according to Andrews, the onboard electrical systems were a major advance over the previous generation of airliners; amongst other capabilities, the engines could be started without the aid of a ground support cart.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_4578_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_4578-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Vanguard possessed relatively docile <a href="/wiki/Stall_(fluid_dynamics)" title="Stall (fluid dynamics)">stall</a> characteristics, in part due to the dihedral positioning of its horizontal stabiliser, which kept it clear of the jet efflux from the engines and aided longitudinal stability.<sup id="cite_ref-andrew_457_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrew_457-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, acceptable stalling behaviour only came after an extensive programme of over 2,000 stalls to correct initial very violent tendencies which included rolling inverted.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg/220px-Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg/330px-Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg/440px-Vickers_952_Vanguard_CF-TKA_BC_TOR_26.03.71_edited-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="731" /></a><figcaption>Vanguard 952 of <a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a> at <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto Airport">Toronto Airport</a> in March 1971, with a <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-9" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-9">Douglas DC-9-32</a> in the background</figcaption></figure> <p>The Vanguard entered service with BEA and TCA in late 1960. BEA operated its first Vanguard schedule on 17 December from Heathrow to Paris. Following delivery of its full fleet of six V951 and 14 V953 aircraft by 30 March 1962, the type took over many of BEA's busier European and UK trunk routes. The aircraft received names of famous <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> warships; the first (registered G-APEA) was named "<a href="/wiki/HMS_Vanguard_(23)" title="HMS Vanguard (23)">Vanguard</a>", however by the time that the aircraft were delivered, BEA had adopted its new "red square" livery, which saw the end of naming and none of the Vanguards actually carried a name. Initial seating was 18 first-class at the rear and 108 tourist, but this was changed to 139 all-tourist, in which configuration the Vanguard had very low operating costs per seat-mile. On flights up to 300 miles (480 km), such as from London to Paris, Brussels and Amsterdam, the type could match the block times of the pure jets which were being introduced in the early 1960s. The remaining BEA fleet passed to <a href="/wiki/British_Airways" title="British Airways">British Airways</a> (BA) on 1 April 1974 and the last BA passenger flight with the type was on 16 June 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_pp._87–88_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_pp._87–88-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>TCA initiated Vanguard schedules on 1 February 1961 with two flights from Toronto and Montreal via intermediate stops to Vancouver. The fleet was also used on services from Toronto and Montreal to New York and Nassau, Bahamas.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_pp._87–88_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_pp._87–88-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tyne engine reliability was a concern to the airline in the early 1960s. It had a Constellation on stand-by at Dorval Airport in Montreal and at Toronto to take Vanguard passengers in case an engine failed to start.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cargo_operations">Cargo operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cargo operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vickers_953C_Merchantman,_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Vickers_953C_Merchantman%2C_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg/220px-Vickers_953C_Merchantman%2C_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Vickers_953C_Merchantman%2C_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg/330px-Vickers_953C_Merchantman%2C_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Vickers_953C_Merchantman%2C_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg/440px-Vickers_953C_Merchantman%2C_British_Airways_Cargo_AN1927866.jpg 2x" data-file-width="881" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/British_Airways_Cargo" class="mw-redirect" title="British Airways Cargo">British Airways Cargo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1966, Air Canada removed all the seats from one of its aircraft and refitted for pure cargo work, in which role it could carry 42,000 lb (19,000 kg) of freight. Known by the airline as the "Cargoliner", it was the only such conversion, but survived to be the last Canadian Vanguard to be retired in December 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>BEA operated nine Vanguards modified to the V953C "Merchantman" all-cargo layout from 1969, with the first two conversions being designed and carried out by <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Traders" title="Aviation Traders">Aviation Traders Engineering Ltd</a> (ATEL) at <a href="/wiki/London_Southend_Airport" title="London Southend Airport">Southend Airport</a>. BEA modified the remainder at Heathrow using kits from ATEL. A large forward cargo door measuring 139 by 80 inches (350 by 200 cm) was incorporated. The Merchantmen continued in service with BA until late 1979 when the remaining five were sold.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_pp._87–88_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_pp._87–88-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Air Bridge Carriers purchased several of the Merchantmen and operated them until 1992, when it changed its name to <a href="/wiki/Hunting_Cargo_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunting Cargo Airlines">Hunting Cargo Airlines</a>. Hunting Cargo operated its last V953C flight on 30 September 1996 and donated the aircraft, registered <i>G-APEP</i>, to <a href="/wiki/Brooklands_Museum" title="Brooklands Museum">Brooklands Museum</a> on 17 October 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-AI_Ap94_p240,5_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AI_Ap94_p240,5-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>On 27 October 1965, <a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways" title="British European Airways">British European Airways</a> Vanguard registration G-APEE, flying from <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Airport" title="Edinburgh Airport">Edinburgh Airport</a> to London <a href="/wiki/Heathrow_Airport" title="Heathrow Airport">Heathrow Airport</a>, during a landing in poor visibility attempted an <a href="/wiki/Go-around" title="Go-around">overshoot</a> but crashed on runway 28R. All on board died – 6 crew and 30 passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN271065_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN271065-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 2 October 1971, <a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways_Flight_706" class="mw-redirect" title="British European Airways Flight 706">British European Airways Flight 706</a> operated by Vanguard G-APEC, crashed near <a href="/wiki/Aarsele" title="Aarsele">Aarsele</a> in Belgium. The cause was the failure of the rear pressure bulkhead and subsequent destruction of the tailplane. All 8 crew and 55 passengers died.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN021071_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN021071-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 10 April 1973, <a href="/wiki/Invicta_International_Airlines_Flight_435" title="Invicta International Airlines Flight 435">Invicta International Airlines Flight 435</a>, operated by Vanguard registration G-AXOP, crashed near <a href="/wiki/EuroAirport_Basel_Mulhouse_Freiburg" title="EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg">Basel-Mulhouse Airport</a> Switzerland. Of the 145 people onboard, 4 crew and 104 passengers died.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN100473_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN100473-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 29 January 1988, Inter Cargo Service Flight 1004, operated by Vanguard F-GEJF, crashed on takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Toulouse%E2%80%93Blagnac_Airport" title="Toulouse–Blagnac Airport">Toulouse–Blagnac Airport</a> when takeoff was attempted with only three fully operable engines. There were no casualties of the three crew and one passenger aboard.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN290188_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN290188-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 6 February 1989, Inter Cargo Service Flight 3132, operated by Vanguard F-GEJE, crashed on takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Marseille_Provence_Airport" title="Marseille Provence Airport">Marseille-Marignane Airport</a>, France. Three crew died; there were no passengers on board.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN060289_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN060289-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Type 950</dt> <dd>Prototype, one built and two fuselages were used as static test airframes.</dd> <dt>Type 951</dt> <dd>BEA, 20 ordered, six delivered. All in 127-seat, mixed class configuration (18 first and 109 economy).</dd> <dt>Type 952</dt> <dd>TCA, more powerful engine and stronger fuselage and wing for higher weights, 23 delivered.</dd> <dt>Type 953</dt> <dd>BEA, Same engines as 951, but the stronger airframe of the 952. Mostly operated as 135-seater, all economy, but some configured as 127 mixed class the same as 951. A total of 14 delivered replacing an order for 951s.</dd> <dt>Type 953C Merchantman</dt> <dd>Nine Cargo conversions from Type 953.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Special:EditPage/Vickers Vanguard">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>These airlines operated the Vickers Vanguard:<sup id="cite_ref-Aeroplane0112_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aeroplane0112-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>♠ original operators </p> <dl><dt>Canada</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a> inherited 23 Srs 952s from Trans Canada Air Lines in June 1964</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a> ♠ 23 Srs 952, became Air Canada in June 1964</li></ul> <dl><dt>France</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EAS_Europe_Airlines" title="EAS Europe Airlines">Europe Aéro Service</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inter_Cargo_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inter Cargo Service (page does not exist)">Inter Cargo Service</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitan_Air&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occitan Air (page does not exist)">Occitan Air</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Gabon</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Gabon" title="Air Gabon">Air Gabon</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Iceland</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Viking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Viking (page does not exist)">Air Viking</a> one aircraft leased in 1970</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thor_Air_Cargo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thor Air Cargo (page does not exist)">Thor Air Cargo</a> two aircraft leased in 1971</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg/220px-Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg/330px-Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg/440px-Merpati_Nusantara_Vickers_953_Vanguard_Fitzgerald.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption>A Merpati Nusantara Vickers Vanguard 953 in 1977</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Indonesia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Fast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Fast (page does not exist)">Air Fast</a> one aircraft was operated by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Tenggara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Tenggara (page does not exist)">Air Tenggara</a> on Air Fast services</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angkasa_Civil_Air_Transport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angkasa Civil Air Transport (page does not exist)">Angkasa Civil Air Transport</a> leased one aircraft in 1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merpati_Nusantara_Airlines" title="Merpati Nusantara Airlines">Merpati Nusantara Airlines</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Lebanon</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Transport" title="Lebanese Air Transport">Lebanese Air Transport</a> leased one aircraft in 1970</li></ul> <dl><dt>Singapore</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Tenggara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Tenggara (page does not exist)">Air Tenggara</a> leased one aircraft in 1981 and operated for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Fast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Fast (page does not exist)">Air Fast</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Sweden</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Trader&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air Trader (page does not exist)">Air Trader</a> three aircraft leased in 1972</li></ul> <dl><dt>United Kingdom</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg/220px-Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg/330px-Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg/440px-Invicta_International_Vanguard_G-AZRE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2017" data-file-height="1011" /></a><figcaption>Invicta International Vanguard G-AZRE at Pisa Airport in 1974.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Bridge_Carriers" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Bridge Carriers">Air Bridge Carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Airways" title="British Airways">British Airways</a> inherited three passenger aircraft and nine Merchantman freighters on formation in 1974</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_European_Airways" title="British European Airways">British European Airways</a> ♠ - 20 Srs 951/953s some later converted to Merchantman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHL_Air" class="mw-redirect" title="DHL Air">DHL Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elan_Air_Cargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Elan Air Cargo">Elan Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_Cargo_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunting Cargo Airlines">Hunting Cargo Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invicta_International_Airlines" title="Invicta International Airlines">Invicta International Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silver_City_Airways_(1972)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silver City Airways (1972) (page does not exist)">Silver City Airways</a>, one Air Holdings aircraft operated in 1973</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aircraft_on_display">Aircraft on display</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aircraft on display"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg/220px-Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg/330px-Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg/440px-Vickers_Vangard_953C_Merchantman_Superb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Vickers Vanguard 953C Merchantman <i>Superb</i> at Brooklands Museum, Weybridge.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Type 953C Merchantman <i>Ajax</i> (formerly registered G-APEJ) on static display inside Stratosphere Chamber at the <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, England. (nose section only)</li> <li>Type 953C Merchantman <i>Superb</i> (formerly registered G-APEP) at the <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, England. The only intact airframe in existence.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Type 953C Merchantman <i>Swiftsure</i> (formerly registered G-APES) on static display at East Midlands Aeropark (nose section only)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(Type_952)"><span id="Specifications_.28Type_952.29"></span>Specifications (Type 952)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Specifications (Type 952)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg/220px-Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg/330px-Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg/440px-Vickers_Vanguard_cockpit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Cockpit</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> <i>Vickers Aircraft since 1908</i><sup id="cite_ref-andrewmorg_461_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-andrewmorg_461-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 3</li> <li><b>Capacity:</b> 139 passengers</li> <li><b>Length:</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>122 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in (37.452 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 118 ft 0 in (35.97 m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 34 ft 11 in (10.64 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 1,527 sq ft (141.9 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 85,000 lb (38,555 kg)</li> <li><b>Gross weight:</b> 141,000 lb (63,957 kg)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 4 × <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Tyne" title="Rolls-Royce Tyne">Rolls-Royce Tyne</a> RTy.11 Mk 512 <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprops</a>, 5,545 shp (4,135 kW) each (eshp)</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 422 mph (679 km/h, 367 kn) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m) (high speed cruise)<sup id="cite_ref-basicp62-3_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basicp62-3-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Range:</b> 1,830 mi (2,950 km, 1,590 nmi) with maximum payload</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p> <b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a></li></ul> <p><b>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-10" title="Antonov An-10">Antonov An-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Britannia" title="Bristol Britannia">Bristol Britannia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-18" title="Ilyushin Il-18">Ilyushin Il-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-188_Electra" title="Lockheed L-188 Electra">Lockheed L-188 Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">Canadair CL-44</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-andrew_451-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_451_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_451_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_451_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_451_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_451_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_451_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 451.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_4512-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4512_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, pp. 451-452.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_452-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_452_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 452.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_453-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_453_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_453_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 453.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_454-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_454_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_454_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_454_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_454_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 454.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_455-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_455_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_455_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_455_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_455_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_455_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 455.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_456-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_456_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_456_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 456.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AI_Ap97_p242-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AI_Ap97_p242_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wright <i>Air International</i> April 1997, p. 242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_4567-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4567_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, pp. 456-457.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1959/1959%20-%200317.html">"Vanguard Maiden Flight."</a> <i>Flight,</i> 30 January 1959, p. 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_4589-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4589_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, pp. 458-459.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_459-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_459_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 459.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_45960-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_45960_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, pp. 459-460.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_4560-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4560_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 460.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Swanborough 1962, p. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_4523-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4523_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, pp. 452-453.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_4578-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4578_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-andrew_4578_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, pp. 457-458.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aviation Week</i>, 14 September 1959, pp. 57, 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_458-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_458_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 458.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrew_457-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrew_457_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews 1969, p. 457.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Trubshaw,_Brian" class="mw-redirect" title="Trubshaw, Brian">Trubshaw, Brian</a>, with Edmondson, Sally, <i>Test Pilot</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0%2B7509%2B1838%2B1" title="Special:BookSources/0+7509+1838+1">0 7509 1838 1</a>, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davis_pp._87–88-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_pp._87–88_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_pp._87–88_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_pp._87–88_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Davis 1981, pp. 87–88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pigott, Peter, <i>National Treasure: The History of Trans Canada Airlines</i>, 2001,<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1%2B55017%2B268%2B9" title="Special:BookSources/1+55017+268+9">1 55017 268 9</a>, pp. 405, 419</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davis 1981, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AI_Ap94_p240,5-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AI_Ap94_p240,5_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wright, <i>Air International</i>, April 1994, pp. 240, 245.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASN271065-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASN271065_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19651027-0">"Accident description: Vickers Vanguard G-APEE, 27 October 1965."</a> <i>Aviation Safety Network</i>; retrieved 20 October 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASN021071-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASN021071_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19711002-1">"Accident description: Vickers Vanguard G-APEC (2 October 1971)"</a>, <i>Aviation Safety Network</i>; retrieved 20 October 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASN100473-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASN100473_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19730410-1">"Accident description: Vickers Vanguard G-AXOP (10 April 1973)"</a> <i>Aviation Safety Network</i>; retrieved 20 October 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASN290188-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASN290188_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19880129-0">"Accident description: Vickers Vanguard F-GEJF, 29 January 1988."</a> <i>Aviation Safety Network</i>; retrieved 20 October 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASN060289-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASN060289_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890206-0">"Accident description: Vickers Vanguard F-GEJE, 6 February 1989."</a> <i>Aviation Safety Network</i>; retrieved 20 October 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aeroplane0112-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aeroplane0112_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Database: Vickers Vanguard". <i>Aeroplane</i>, January 2012, pp. 169-183; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0143-7240">0143-7240</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brooklandsmuseum.com/index.php?/explore/vickers-merchantman-vanguard-1969/">"Vickers Merchantman (Vanguard) 1969."</a> <i>Brooklands Museum</i>. Retrieved 14 July 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-andrewmorg_461-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-andrewmorg_461_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrews & Morgan 1988, p. 461.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-basicp62-3-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-basicp62-3_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green 1967, pp. 62–63.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Andrews, C.F. <i>Vickers Aircraft since 1908</i>. London:Putnam, 1969.</li> <li>Andrews, C.F. and E.B. Morgan. <i>Vickers Aircraft since 1908</i>. London:Putnam, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-815-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-815-1">0-85177-815-1</a>.</li> <li>Davis, Peter W. <i>Vickers Viscount and Vanguard.</i> Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1981. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85130-091-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85130-091-X">0-85130-091-X</a>.</li> <li>Green, William. <i>The Observer's Book of Basic Aircraft: Civil</i>. London: Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd., 1967.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1956/1956%20-%200671.html">"Preliminary Details of Commercial and Design Characteristics."</a> <i>Flight,</i> 1 June 1956.</li> <li>Prins, François. "Homage to the Vanguard: Vickers' Four Turboprop Workhorse Bows Out". <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Enthusiast" title="Air Enthusiast">Air Enthusiast</a></i>, No. 69, May–June 1997. pp 21–29. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</li> <li>Stanfield, Robert I. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19590914/#!&pid=54">Aviation Week Pilot Report: Vanguard Demonstrates Single Engine Flight Traits</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Week_%26_Space_Technology" title="Aviation Week & Space Technology">Aviation Week</a></i>. 14 September 1959, Vol. 71, No. 11, pp. 54–57, 59, 61, 65. (Registration required).</li> <li>Swanborough, F. G. <i> Turbine-engined Airliners of the World.</i> London: Temple Press Books, 1962.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1959/1959%20-%200157.html">"Vanguard: A presentation of Britain's new turboprop airliner."</a> <i>Flight,</i> 9 January 1959, pp. 61–73.</li> <li>Wright, Alan J. "Right Aircraft, Wrong Time". <i><a href="/wiki/Air_International" title="Air International">Air International</a></i>, Vol. 52, No 4, April 1997, pp. 240–245. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0306-5634">0306-5634</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Vanguard&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vickers_Vanguard" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vickers Vanguard">Vickers Vanguard</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baesystems.com/en/heritage/vickers-vanguard">Vickers Vanguard at BAE Systems site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brooklandsmuseum.com">Brooklands Motorsport and Aviation Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1955/1955%20-%201738.html">"Evolution of the Vanguard"</a> a 1955 <i>Flight</i> article by <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gunston" title="Bill Gunston">Bill Gunston</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1959/1959%20-%200157.html">"Vanguard"</a> a 1959 <i>Flight</i> article on the Vanguard</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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Limited">Vickers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Type<br />numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vigilant_(1920)" title="Vickers Vigilant (1920)">50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vimy" title="Vickers Vimy">51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">58—60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_170_Vanguard" title="Vickers Type 170 Vanguard">62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vimy" title="Vickers Vimy">66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_170_Vanguard" title="Vickers Type 170 Vanguard">72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">83—85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viget" title="Vickers Viget">89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valparaiso" title="Vickers Valparaiso">92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valparaiso" title="Vickers Valparaiso">93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Venture" title="Vickers Venture">94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vagabond" title="Vickers Vagabond">98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_170_Vanguard" title="Vickers Type 170 Vanguard">103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valparaiso" title="Vickers Valparaiso">118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vendace" title="Vickers Vendace">120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wibault" title="Vickers Wibault">121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_123" title="Vickers Type 123">123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vireo" title="Vickers Vireo">125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_127" class="mw-redirect" title="Vickers Type 127">127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_131_Valiant" title="Vickers 131 Valiant">131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">132</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vendace" title="Vickers Vendace">133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">138</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">139</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_123" title="Vickers Type 123">141</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">142</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_143" title="Vickers Type 143">143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">145</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">146</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_131_Valiant" title="Vickers 131 Valiant">147</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">149</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanox" title="Vickers Vanox">150</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Jockey" title="Vickers Jockey">151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">153</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vendace" title="Vickers Vendace">155</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vendace" title="Vickers Vendace">157</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_161" title="Vickers Type 161">161</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_161" title="Vickers Type 161">162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_163" title="Vickers Type 163">163</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">166</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valparaiso" title="Vickers Valparaiso">168</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">169</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_170_Vanguard" title="Vickers Type 170 Vanguard">170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Jockey" title="Vickers Jockey">171</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">173</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_143" title="Vickers Type 143">177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">192</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">193</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">194</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanox" title="Vickers Vanox">195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Jockey" title="Vickers Jockey">196</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">198</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">199</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">203</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">204</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_207" title="Vickers Type 207">207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">208</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">209</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">214</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">217</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanox" title="Vickers Vanox">225</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">227</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_C.26/31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers C.26/31 (page does not exist)">230</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_C.26/31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers C.26/31 (page does not exist)">231</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">246</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_B9/32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers B9/32 (page does not exist)">249</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">252</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_253" title="Vickers Type 253">253</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanox" title="Vickers Vanox">255</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">258</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">259</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_264_Valentia" title="Vickers Type 264 Valentia">263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_264_Valentia" title="Vickers Type 264 Valentia">264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">266</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">267</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">271</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">277</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Venom" title="Vickers Venom">279</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">281</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_264_Valentia" title="Vickers Type 264 Valentia">283</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">284</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">285</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">287</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">289</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">290</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">291</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">292</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_B.12/36&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers B.12/36 (page does not exist)">293</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">294</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">295</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">298</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">299</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_B.1/35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers B.1/35 (page does not exist)">400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">402</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">403</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_B.1/39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers B.1/39 (page does not exist)">405</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">406—410</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">413</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_432" title="Vickers Type 432">414</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">416—419</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_432" title="Vickers Type 432">420</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">421</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">423</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">424</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">426</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">427</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">428—431</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_432" title="Vickers Type 432">432</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">433</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">435—443</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">444</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">445</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_432" title="Vickers Type 432">446</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">447</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">448</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">449</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">451</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">452</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">453</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">454</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">455</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">456</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">457</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">458</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">459</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">460</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">461</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">462</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">463</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">464</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">465</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">466</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">467</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">469</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">470</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">471</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">473</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">474</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">475</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">478</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">479</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">481</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">483</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">486</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">487</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">488</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">490</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">491</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">492</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">493</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">495</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">496</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">498</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">499</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_559" title="Vickers Type 559">559</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAC_TSR-2" title="BAC TSR-2">571</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAC_TSR-2" title="BAC TSR-2">579</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Type_581&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers Type 581 (page does not exist)">581</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_SST&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers SST (page does not exist)">586</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_SST&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers SST (page does not exist)">587</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">602</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">604</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">607</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">610</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">611</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">614—618</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">619</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">620—628</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">630</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">632</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">634</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">635</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">636</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">637</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">638</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">639</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">640</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">641—646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Varsity" title="Vickers Varsity">648</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">649</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">650</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">651</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">654</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">657</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">659</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">660</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">663</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">664</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">667</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Varsity" title="Vickers Varsity">668</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">672—674</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">700—703</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">705</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">706</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">707</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">708</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">709</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">710</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UB.109T" title="UB.109T">711</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">712</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UB.109T" title="UB.109T">715</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_V-1000" title="Vickers V-1000">716</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">718</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">720</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">721</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">722</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">723</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">724</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UB.109T" title="UB.109T">725</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Electric_Canberra" title="English Electric Canberra">726</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">728</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">729</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">730—732</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">733</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">734—742</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">743</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">744—745</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">747—749</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">754—757</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">758</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">759—798</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_OR.323&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers OR.323 (page does not exist)">799</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">800—843</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">845</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">850</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">860</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">870</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dean" title="Red Dean">888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vigilant" title="Vickers Vigilant">889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vigilant" title="Vickers Vigilant">891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vigilant" title="Vickers Vigilant">894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vigilant" title="Vickers Vigilant">897</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">900</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">901</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">950—953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_V-1000" title="Vickers V-1000">1000—1004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1100—1106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1109—1112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1150—1154</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1164</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">1400</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Hydravion" title="Vickers Hydravion">Hydravion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air-tractor_sledge" title="Air-tractor sledge">Monoplane No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_R.E.P._Type_Monoplane" title="Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane">Monoplane No.8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Tractor_Biplane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers Tractor Biplane (page does not exist)">Tractor Biplane</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Tractor_Scout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers Tractor Scout (page does not exist)">Tractor Scout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Merchantman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_OR.323&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers OR.323 (page does not exist)">OR.323 Car Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">Nene Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Swallow" title="Vickers Swallow">Swallow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Tay Viscount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vagabond" title="Vickers Vagabond">Vagabond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_170_Vanguard" title="Vickers Type 170 Vanguard">Vanguard (1923)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vanguard (1959)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">VC.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">VC.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Varsity" title="Vickers Varsity">VC.3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_VC.4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers VC.4 (page does not exist)">VC.4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_VC.5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers VC.5 (page does not exist)">VC.5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_VC.6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers VC.6 (page does not exist)">VC.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_V-1000" title="Vickers V-1000">VC.7/V-1000</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_VC.8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers VC.8 (page does not exist)">VC.8</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">VC.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">VC.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC10" title="Vickers VC10">VC.11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_VC.12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers VC.12 (page does not exist)">VC.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">Vellore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vellore" title="Vickers Vellore">Vellox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viastra" title="Vickers Viastra">Viastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viget" title="Vickers Viget">Viget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Viking (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VC.1_Viking" title="Vickers VC.1 Viking">Viking (1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vimy" title="Vickers Vimy">Vimy Commercial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Viscount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vulcan" title="Vickers Vulcan">Vulcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Vulture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMA_No._1" title="HMA No. 1">HM Airship No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._9r" title="No. 9r">HM Airship No. 9r</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R80_(airship)" title="R80 (airship)">R80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R100" title="R100">R100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st World War<br />Fighting Biplanes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_E.F.B.1" title="Vickers E.F.B.1">E.F.B.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">E.F.B.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">E.F.B.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">E.F.B.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">F.B.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">F.B.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_E.F.B.7" title="Vickers E.F.B.7">E.F.B.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_E.F.B.8" title="Vickers E.F.B.8">E.F.B.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">F.B.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.11" title="Vickers F.B.11">F.B.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.12" title="Vickers F.B.12">F.B.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.14" title="Vickers F.B.14">F.B.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.16" title="Vickers F.B.16">F.B.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.19" title="Vickers F.B.19">F.B.19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.25" title="Vickers F.B.25">F.B.23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.24" title="Vickers F.B.24">F.B.24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.25" title="Vickers F.B.25">F.B.25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vampire" title="Vickers Vampire">F.B.26 Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vimy" title="Vickers Vimy">F.B.27 Vimy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_123" title="Vickers Type 123">123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_123" title="Vickers Type 123">141</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_143" title="Vickers Type 143">143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Jockey" title="Vickers Jockey">151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_161" title="Vickers Type 161">161</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_161" title="Vickers Type 161">162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_143" title="Vickers Type 143">177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Venom" title="Vickers Venom">279</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_432" title="Vickers Type 432">432</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_143" title="Vickers Type 143">Bolivian Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.19" title="Vickers F.B.19">Bullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_161" title="Vickers Type 161">C.O.W. Gun Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_E.S.1" title="Vickers E.S.1">E.S.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_E.S.1" title="Vickers E.S.1">E.S.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.5" title="Vickers F.B.5">Gunbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_F.B.16" title="Vickers F.B.16">Hart Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Jockey" title="Vickers Jockey">Jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valparaiso" title="Vickers Valparaiso">Valparaiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vampire" title="Vickers Vampire">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Venom" title="Vickers Venom">Venom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vireo" title="Vickers Vireo">Vireo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wibault" title="Vickers Wibault">Wibault Scout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bombers, GP and<br />reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_163" title="Vickers Type 163">163</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_207" title="Vickers Type 207">207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_253" title="Vickers Type 253">253</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vickers_Type_581&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vickers Type 581 (page does not exist)">581</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Bomber" title="Victory Bomber">Bomber scheme C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valentia" title="Vickers Valentia">Valentia (1921)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_131_Valiant" title="Vickers 131 Valiant">Valiant (1927)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valiant" title="Vickers Valiant">Valiant (1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Vanellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanox" title="Vickers Vanox">Vanox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Venture" title="Vickers Venture">Venture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vespa" title="Vickers Vespa">Vespa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Bomber" title="Victory Bomber">Victory Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vigilant_(1920)" title="Vickers Vigilant (1920)">Vigilant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Viking (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">Vildebeest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vimy" title="Vickers Vimy">Vimy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vildebeest" title="Vickers Vildebeest">Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Virginia" title="Vickers Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">Vivid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vixen" title="Vickers Vixen">Vixen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Vulture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Warwick" title="Vickers Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellesley" title="Vickers Wellesley">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Wellington" title="Vickers Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Windsor" title="Vickers Windsor">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military Transports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Type_264_Valentia" title="Vickers Type 264 Valentia">Valentia (1934)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Valetta" title="Vickers Valetta">Valetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vernon" title="Vickers Vernon">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Victoria" title="Vickers Victoria">Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Varsity" title="Vickers Varsity">Varsity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vendace" title="Vickers Vendace">Vendace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_VIM" title="Vickers VIM">Vickers Instructional Machine (VIM)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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