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战国时期 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

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class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-歷史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关歷史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-起始年份" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#起始年份"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>起始年份</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-起始年份-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-七雄並立" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#七雄並立"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>七雄並立</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-七雄並立-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-戰國前期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#戰國前期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>戰國前期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-戰國前期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-合縱連橫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#合縱連橫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>合縱連橫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-合縱連橫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-秦统一六国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#秦统一六国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>秦统一六国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-秦统一六国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-军事與技术" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#军事與技术"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>军事與技术</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-军事與技术-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文學與思想" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文學與思想"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>文學與思想</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文學與思想-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-建築" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#建築"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>建築</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-建築-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关建築子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-建築-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-水利" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水利"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>水利</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水利-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-经济" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#经济"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>经济</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-经济-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关经济子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-经济-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-农业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#农业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>农业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-农业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-手工业及藝術品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#手工业及藝術品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>手工业及藝術品</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-手工业及藝術品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-商业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#商业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>商业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-商业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-後世影響" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#後世影響"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>後世影響</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-後世影響-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关後世影響子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-後世影響-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-日本戰國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本戰國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>日本戰國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本戰國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-影視作品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影視作品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>影視作品</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-影視作品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電影" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電影"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>電影</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電影-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-連續劇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#連續劇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>連續劇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-連續劇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-动漫画" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#动漫画"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>动漫画</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-动漫画-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">战国时期</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。69种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tydperk_van_die_Strydende_State" title="Tydperk van die Strydende State – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tydperk van die Strydende State" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="حقبة الممالك المتحاربة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حقبة الممالك المتحاربة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87" title="عصر الممالك المتحاربه – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عصر الممالك المتحاربه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97" title="যুদ্ধৰত ৰাজ্যৰ যুগ – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="যুদ্ধৰত ৰাজ্যৰ যুগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodu_de_los_Reinos_Combatientes" title="Periodu de los Reinos Combatientes – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Periodu de los Reinos Combatientes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6y%C3%BC%C5%9F%C9%99n_%C3%A7arl%C4%B1qlar_d%C3%B6vr%C3%BC" title="Döyüşən çarlıqlar dövrü – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Döyüşən çarlıqlar dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%83%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Һуғышыусы батшалыҡтар осоро – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һуғышыусы батшалыҡтар осоро" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Период на воюващите държави – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Период на воюващите държави" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="প্রাচীন চীনের যুদ্ধরত রাজ্য কাল – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাচীন চীনের যুদ্ধরত রাজ্য কাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marevezh_ar_Stado%C3%B9_Brezelour" title="Marevezh ar Stadoù Brezelour – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Marevezh ar Stadoù Brezelour" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADode_dels_Regnes_Combatents_(Xina)" title="Període dels Regnes Combatents (Xina) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Període dels Regnes Combatents (Xina)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ng-gu%C3%B3k_S%C3%AC-d%C3%A2i" title="Ciéng-guók Sì-dâi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ciéng-guók Sì-dâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%95%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سەردەمی شەڕی ویلایەتەکان – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەردەمی شەڕی ویلایەتەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdob%C3%AD_v%C3%A1l%C4%8D%C3%ADc%C3%ADch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF" title="Období válčících států – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Období válčících států" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfnod_y_Gwladwriaethau_Rhyfelgar" title="Cyfnod y Gwladwriaethau Rhyfelgar – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfnod y Gwladwriaethau Rhyfelgar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeit_der_Streitenden_Reiche" title="Zeit der Streitenden Reiche – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zeit der Streitenden Reiche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Περίοδος των εμπόλεμων κρατών – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Περίοδος των εμπόλεμων κρατών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Warring States period" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C5%9Dtata_periodo" title="Militŝtata periodo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Militŝtata periodo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinos_combatientes" title="Reinos combatientes – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reinos combatientes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhanguo" title="Zhanguo – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Zhanguo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erresuma_Borrokalarien_garaia" title="Erresuma Borrokalarien garaia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erresuma Borrokalarien garaia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8" title="دوره ایالت‌های جنگ‌طلب – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره ایالت‌های جنگ‌طلب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taistelevat_l%C3%A4%C3%A4nitysvaltiot" title="Taistelevat läänitysvaltiot – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taistelevat läänitysvaltiot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_des_Royaumes_combattants" title="Période des Royaumes combattants – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Période des Royaumes combattants" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_dos_Reinos_Combatentes" title="Período dos Reinos Combatentes – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Período dos Reinos Combatentes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan-koet_S%E1%B9%B3%CC%80-kh%C3%AC" title="Chan-koet Sṳ̀-khì – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chan-koet Sṳ̀-khì" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA" title="תקופת המדינות הלוחמות – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תקופת המדינות הלוחמות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="झगड़ते राज्यों का काल – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="झगड़ते राज्यों का काल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razdoblje_zara%C4%87enih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Razdoblje zaraćenih država – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Razdoblje zaraćenih država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadakoz%C3%B3_fejedelems%C3%A9gek_kora_(K%C3%ADna)" title="Hadakozó fejedelemségek kora (Kína) – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hadakozó fejedelemségek kora (Kína)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Negara-negara_Berperang" title="Zaman Negara-negara Berperang – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zaman Negara-negara Berperang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodo_degli_Stati_Combattenti" title="Periodo degli Stati Combattenti – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Periodo degli Stati Combattenti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%A6%E5%9B%BD%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD)" title="戦国時代 (中国) – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="戦国時代 (中国)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="전국 시대 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전국 시대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serdema_Dewlet%C3%AAn_%C5%9Eer_Dikin" title="Serdema Dewletên Şer Dikin – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Serdema Dewletên Şer Dikin" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_bellorum" title="Anni bellorum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Anni bellorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karojo%C5%A1o_valstu_periods" title="Karojošo valstu periods – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karojošo valstu periods" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="യുദ്ധത്തിലേർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ കാലഘട്ടം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യുദ്ധത്തിലേർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ കാലഘട്ടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%B5" title="Байлдаант улсын үе – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Байлдаант улсын үе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Negara_Berperang" title="Zaman Negara Berperang – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zaman Negara Berperang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periode_van_de_Strijdende_Staten" title="Periode van de Strijdende Staten – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Periode van de Strijdende Staten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krigarrika-tida" title="Krigarrika-tida – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Krigarrika-tida" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_stridende_staters_tid" title="De stridende staters tid – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="De stridende staters tid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%C3%B2de_dei_Reiaumes_Combatents" title="Periòde dei Reiaumes Combatents – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Periòde dei Reiaumes Combatents" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9D%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਝਗੜਦੇ ਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਕਾਲ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਝਗੜਦੇ ਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਕਾਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okres_Walcz%C4%85cych_Kr%C3%B3lestw" title="Okres Walczących Królestw – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okres Walczących Królestw" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DA%BE%DA%AF%DA%91%D8%AF%DB%92_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%81" title="جھگڑدے راجاں دا ویلہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جھگڑدے راجاں دا ویلہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_dos_Estados_Combatentes" title="Período dos Estados Combatentes – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Período dos Estados Combatentes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%81%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2" title="Период Сражающихся царств – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Период Сражающихся царств" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period_Zara%C4%87enih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Period Zaraćenih država – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Period Zaraćenih država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA" title="යුද්ධ රාජ්‍ය සමය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යුද්ධ රාජ්‍ය සමය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Warring States period" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdobie_bojuj%C3%BAcich_%C5%A1t%C3%A1tov_(%C4%8C%C3%ADna)" title="Obdobie bojujúcich štátov (Čína) – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Obdobie bojujúcich štátov (Čína)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdobje_vojskujo%C4%8Dih_se_dr%C5%BEav" title="Obdobje vojskujočih se držav – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obdobje vojskujočih se držav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periudha_e_shteteve_nd%C3%ABrluftuese" title="Periudha e shteteve ndërluftuese – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Periudha e shteteve ndërluftuese" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Период зараћених држава – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Период зараћених држава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_stridande_staterna" title="De stridande staterna – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="De stridande staterna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="போரிடும் நாடுகள் காலம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போரிடும் நாடுகள் காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="ยุครณรัฐ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุครณรัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sava%C5%9Fan_Devletler_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Savaşan Devletler Çağı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Savaşan Devletler Çağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D2%91%D0%BE" title="Період Чжаньґо – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Період Чжаньґо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%BA_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="متحارب ریاستوں کا دور – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متحارب ریاستوں کا دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chjango" title="Chjango – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chjango" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_Qu%E1%BB%91c" title="Chiến Quốc – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến Quốc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD" title="战国 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="战国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B" title="戰國 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="戰國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%C3%A0n-kok_s%C3%AE-t%C4%81i" title="Chiàn-kok sî-tāi – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chiàn-kok sî-tāi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B" title="戰國 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="戰國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q185063#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input 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hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&amp;page=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;id=84279459&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2588%2598%25E5%259B%25BD%25E6%2597%25B6%25E6%259C%259F"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2588%2598%25E5%259B%25BD%25E6%2597%25B6%25E6%259C%259F"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q185063" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科,自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">&#160;&#160;</span><span class="mobile"></span></span>「<b>战国</b>」重定向至此。关于其他用法,请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="戰國 (消歧義)">战国 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r74069148"><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">&#160;&#160;</span><span class="mobile"></span></span><b>提示</b>:此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="战国时代 (日本)">战国时代 (日本)</a></b>。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:244px;max-width:244px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png/240px-%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png/360px-%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png/480px-%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%8A%BF%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D350%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="786" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">战国形势图(前350年)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png/240px-%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png/360px-%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png/480px-%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D280%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%88%E7%B9%81%EF%BC%89.png 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="786" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">战国形势图(前280年)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png/240px-%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png/360px-%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png/480px-%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96-zhtw.png 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3682" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84" class="mw-redirect" title="戰國七雄">戰國七雄</a>(前260年)</div></div></div></div></div> <table class="infobox collapsible uncollapsed" style="border:1px solid #BBBBBB; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: small; line-height:1.3em; text-align:center; vertical-align: middle"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="12" style="background-color: var(--background-color-neutral,#EEE);color: inherit;"><br /><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="中國歷史"><img alt="中國歷史" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading_%28right-to-left%29.svg/240px-%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading_%28right-to-left%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading_%28right-to-left%29.svg/360px-%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading_%28right-to-left%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading_%28right-to-left%29.svg/480px-%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading_%28right-to-left%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="121" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="中国历史">中国历史</a>系列條目</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="3" rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="中国史前文化"><b>史前時代</b></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Template:Neolithic_cultures_of_China" title="Template:Neolithic cultures of China"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>註</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%A7%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国旧石器文化列表">舊石器時代</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国中石器文化列表">中石器時代</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国新石器文化列表">新石器時代</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3" rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="古国时代"><b>古国時代</b></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D" title="三皇五帝">三皇五帝</a>)</small> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C%E7%9F%B3%E5%B9%B6%E7%94%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="铜石并用时代">銅石並用時代</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="黄河文明">黄河文明</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="长江文明">长江文明</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E6%B2%B3%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="遼河文明">辽河文明</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%A0%E6%B1%9F%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="珠江文明">珠江文明</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D" title="夏朝"><b>夏</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前21世紀—前17世纪</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D" title="商朝"><b>商</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前17世紀—前11世紀</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3" rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝"><b>周</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前11世紀<br />︱<br />前256年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8" title="西周">西周 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前11世紀—前771年</small></span> </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%91%A8" title="东周">东周<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前770年—前256年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="春秋时期">春秋 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前770年—前5世紀</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="6"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">戰國 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前5世紀—前221年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D" title="秦朝"><b>秦</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前221年—前207年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3" rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%9C%9D" title="汉朝"><b>汉</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前202年<br />︱<br />220年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%A5%9A" title="西楚"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>西楚 前206年—前202年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89" title="西汉">西汉 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>前202年—9年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%9D" title="新朝"><b>新</b> <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>9年—23年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E5%A7%8B%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="更始政權"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>更始政權 23年—25年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89" title="东汉">东汉 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>25年—220年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD" title="三国"><b>三国</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>220年—280年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E9%AD%8F" title="曹魏">魏<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>220年—266年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%80%E6%B1%89" title="蜀汉">蜀漢<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>221年—263年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%90%B3" title="孫吳">吳<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>222年—280年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="3" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="晋朝"><b>晋</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>266年—420年</small></span> </a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%99%8B" title="西晋">西晋 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>266年—316年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B" title="东晋">东晋<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>317年—420年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%BD" title="五胡十六国"><b>五胡十六国</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>304年—439年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="3" rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝"><b>南<br />北<br />朝</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>420年<br />︱<br />589年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B" title="刘宋">宋 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>420年—479年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="6" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F" title="北魏">北魏 <br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>386年—534年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%BD%90" title="南齐">齐 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>479年—502年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D)" title="梁 (南朝)">梁 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>502年—557年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%AD%8F" title="西魏">西魏<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>535年—557年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E9%AD%8F" title="东魏">东魏<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>534年—550年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D)" title="陳 (南朝)">陳 <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>557年—589年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8" title="北周">北周<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>557年—581年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%BD%90" title="北齐">北齐<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>550年—577年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="隋朝"><b>隋</b> <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>581年—619年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝"><b>唐</b> <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>618年—907年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%91%A8" title="武周"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>武周 690年—705年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="3" rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%BD" title="五代十国"><b>五<br />代<br />十<br />國</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>907年<br />︱<br />979年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E6%A2%81" title="后梁">後梁<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>907年—923年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="3" rowspan="5">十國<br />(<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E5%90%B4" title="杨吴">吳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%94%90" title="南唐">南唐</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%9B%BD" title="吴越国">吳越</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E5%9B%BD" title="闽国">閩</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%9C%80" title="前蜀">前蜀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E8%9C%80" title="後蜀">後蜀</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%86%E5%8D%97" title="荆南">荆南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%A5%9A" title="马楚">楚</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B1%89" title="南汉">南汉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B1%89" title="北汉">北汉</a>)<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>907年—979年</small></span> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="3" rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E6%9C%9D" title="辽朝"><b>辽<br />(契丹)</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>916年—1125年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%BE%BD" title="西辽"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>西辽<br />1124年—1218年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E5%94%90" title="后唐">後唐<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>923年—937年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E6%99%8B" title="后晋">後晉<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>936年—947年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%BC%A2" title="後漢">後漢<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>947年—951年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E5%91%A8" title="后周">後周<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>951年—960年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝"><b>宋</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>960年<br />︱<br />1279年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>960年—1127年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFE1" colspan="3" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏"><b>西夏</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1038年—1227年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋<br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1127年—1279年</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%9C%9D" title="金朝"><b>金</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1115年—1234年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFECE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古帝国"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>蒙古帝國 1206年—1368年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝"><b>元</b> <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1260年/1271年—1368年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%85%83" title="北元"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>北元 1368年—1388年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝"><b>明</b> <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1368年—1644年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%98%8E" title="南明"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>南明 1644年—1662年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFE1" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E9%87%91" title="后金"><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>後金 1616年—1636年</small></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝"><b>清</b> <span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1636年/1644年—1912年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期"><b>中華民國</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>大陆时期 1912年—1949年</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#FFE1FF" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国"><b>中華人民共和國</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>1949年至今</small></span></a> </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="background-color:#C1F8F7" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國"><b>中華民國</b><br /><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,#888)"><small>臺灣時期 1949年至今</small></span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="plainlist" style="background-color: var(--background-color-neutral,#EEE);color: inherit; text-align:center" colspan="10"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84090868">.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Template:中国历史"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Template talk:中国历史"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中国历史"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>戰國時期</b>(前475年/前403年—前221年),亦稱<b>戰國時代</b>,簡稱<b>戰國</b>,是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="中国历史">中国历史</a>上的一段时期。關於戰國的起始年份,共有7種說法,一般有<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%95%AC%E7%8E%8B" title="周敬王">周敬王</a>四十四年(前476年)<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>、周定王十六年(前453年)<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%A8%81%E7%83%88%E7%8E%8B" title="周威烈王">周威烈王</a>二十三年(前403年)<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>這三種說法為較多人接受。而戰國時代結束於<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87" title="秦始皇">秦始皇</a>二十六年(前221年)<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="秦統一中原">秦統一中原</a>。後世史家劃分<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="東周">東周</a>前半為<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時代">春秋時代</a>,後半為戰國時代:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="東周">東周</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E8%B5%A7%E7%8E%8B" title="周赧王">周赧王</a>五十九年(前256年)已被<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>所滅亡,所以東周不完全包括戰國時代。戰國時期各<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="諸侯國">諸侯國</a>混戰不休,故後世稱之為「戰國」,「戰國」一名取自於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="西漢">西漢</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%90%91" class="mw-redirect" title="劉向">劉向</a>所編注的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E7%AD%96" title="戰國策">戰國策</a>》。<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%A1%AF%E7%8E%8B" title="周顯王">周顯王</a>三十五年(前334年)<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E%E7%9B%B8%E7%8E%8B" title="徐州相王">徐州相王</a>、四十六年(前323年)<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%9C%8B%E7%9B%B8%E7%8E%8B" title="五國相王">五國相王</a>後各大諸侯紛紛<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%AD%E8%B6%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="僭越">僭越</a>稱王(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="吳國">吳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="越國">越</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="楚國">楚</a>三國早在<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時代">春秋時代</a>已稱王),<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="周天子">周天子</a>權威進一步受損。戰國時代,<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="經濟">經濟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化">文化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" class="mw-redirect" title="科技">科技</a>大規模變革,例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1%E7%B8%A3%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="郡縣制度">郡縣制度</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E7%94%B0%E5%88%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="私田制(页面不存在)">私田制</a>、廣泛應用<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%99%A8" title="鐵器">鐵器</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" title="貴族">貴族</a>因亡國變為<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%B0%91" title="平民">平民</a>而傳播<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" class="mw-redirect" title="知識">知識</a>。各國為獲取土地、財富、人口不斷開展兼併戰爭,促使這個從春秋時期開始便戰爭頻仍的土地逐漸走向新時代,塑造了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%80%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="大一統">大一統</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%9B%86%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="中央集權">中央集權</a>國家「<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8A%E5%90%8C%E8%BB%8C" title="車同軌">車同軌</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A6%E5%90%8C%E6%96%87" title="书同文">書同文</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E5%90%8C%E5%80%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="行同倫(页面不存在)">行同倫</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>」的雛形。戰國承春秋時代的亂世,啟<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦帝國">帝秦</a>發端,中續<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%89%E9%B8%A3" class="mw-disambig" title="百家争鸣">百家爭鳴</a>,各國相繼圖強而舉國<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="改革">變法</a>,湧現了大量名將爭鋒和名士<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E7%B8%B1" title="合縱">縱</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E6%A9%AB_(%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5)" title="連橫 (外交策略)">橫</a>捭闔之典故,為後世傳誦。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable noprint">参见<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="战国历史年表">战国历史年表</a>以获取更详尽的列表。</div> <p>战国是中国历史上一个重要的历史时期,明末清初大儒<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%A4%AB%E4%B9%8B" title="王夫之">王夫之</a>称其为“古今一大變革之會”<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>学者通常认为,<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋時代">春秋時代</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="諸侯">諸侯</a>演變為戰國七雄,是「都市國家」向「領土國家」的發展。領土國家統一起來,就形成古代帝國秦朝以及後來的漢朝<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>。中華人民共和國成立後,馬克思主義歷史学者从“五种社会形态”演变的角度出发,认为从春秋时期到战国时期的转变是中国的社会形态由奴隶社会进入封建社会的转变<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。1990年代以后,部分中国大陆学者不再使用“五种生产方式”的框架,对于进入战国的历史意义的看法也日益多元化。总体而言,<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%AF%AC" title="楊寬">杨宽</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="战国史">战国史</a>》中的研究为学者广泛认同<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,他的看法具有代表性。他认为,战国是一个“关键性的重大变革与发展时期”、“连年进行合纵连横的兼并战争时期”、“从分裂割据趋向统一的时期”、“百家争鸣、英才辈出的时期”、“科学技术上重大的创造与发展时期”<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="起始年份"><span id=".E8.B5.B7.E5.A7.8B.E5.B9.B4.E4.BB.BD"></span>起始年份</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:起始年份"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有關戰國的起始年份,史學家一直存在各種爭議,共有7種說法。 </p> <ol><li>前481年(<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%95%AC%E7%8E%8B" title="周敬王">周敬王</a>三十九年)<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E7%A5%96%E8%AC%99" title="呂祖謙">呂祖謙</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E8%A8%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="大事記(页面不存在)">大事記</a>》記載始於周敬王三十九年,接續《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B_(%E5%8F%B2%E4%B9%A6)" class="mw-redirect" title="春秋 (史书)">春秋</a>》之後。</li> <li>前476年(周敬王四十四年,《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="史記">史記</a>》為<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%85%83%E7%8E%8B" title="周元王">周元王</a>元年)實際當<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B7" title="司馬遷">司馬遷</a>因戰國各國史籍被秦國付之一炬,遂採納秦史書《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%A6%E8%A8%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="秦記(页面不存在)">秦記</a>》所載,定戰國始於前476年<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>前475年(<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%85%83%E7%8E%8B" title="周元王">周元王</a>元年,《史記》為周元王二年)主要是周敬王的年數有異說。《左傳·哀公十九年》所記「冬,叔青如京師,敬王崩故也。」以周敬王在位有四十四年,故明年為周元王元年,為戰國之始。</li> <li>前468年(<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E8%B2%9E%E5%AE%9A%E7%8E%8B" title="周貞定王">周貞定王</a>元年)清人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%98%A5%E6%BA%A5" title="林春溥">林春溥</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E7%B7%A8%E5%B9%B4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="戰國編年(页面不存在)">戰國編年</a>》、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BC%8F%E4%B8%89" class="mw-redirect" title="黃式三">黃式三</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E5%AD%A3%E7%B7%A8%E7%95%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="周季編略(页面不存在)">周季編略</a>》及近人<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%AF%AC" title="楊寬">楊寬</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E6%96%99%E7%B7%A8%E5%B9%B4%E8%BC%AF%E8%A8%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="戰國史料編年輯証(页面不存在)">戰國史料編年輯証</a>》記載始於周貞定王元年(前468年),接續《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="左傳">左傳</a>》之後。</li> <li>前453年(周貞定王十六年)也有學者認為,前453年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E7%81%AD%E6%99%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="三家灭智">三家滅智</a>,七國爭雄局面已經形成,應該以此作為戰國的開始。</li> <li>前441年(<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%93%80%E7%8E%8B" title="周哀王">周哀王</a>元年)近人<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%94%E9%9B%AA%E5%AF%92&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="朔雪寒(页面不存在)">朔雪寒</a>在《孫子兵法論正》書中提出此說<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>前403年(<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%A8%81%E7%83%88%E7%8E%8B" title="周威烈王">周威烈王</a>二十三年)<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬光">司馬光</a>成書的編年史《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91" title="資治通鑑">資治通鑑</a>》則以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%86%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="三家分晉">三家分晉</a>一事代表<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E7%A6%AE" title="周禮">周禮</a>崩壞,群雄競逐,而定戰國始於前403年<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="七雄並立"><span id=".E4.B8.83.E9.9B.84.E4.B8.A6.E7.AB.8B"></span>七雄並立</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:七雄並立"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戰國時期<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="諸侯">諸侯</a>各自為政,相互混戰,諸侯國內外動盪,社會极不穩定。戰國初期東周境內尚有十幾個諸侯國,而以<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="齊國">齊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="晉國">晉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="楚國">楚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="宋国">宋</a>五國被推舉為霸主,史稱<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E4%BA%94%E9%9C%B8" title="春秋五霸">春秋五霸</a>,春秋末年更有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AB%E5%B7%AE" title="夫差">吳王夫差</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%BE%E8%B7%B5" title="勾践">越王勾踐</a>一度稱霸。 </p><p>经过春秋时期的长期斗争,晉國国君在春秋末期已经沦为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%82%80%E5%84%A1%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="傀儡君主(页面不存在)">傀儡君主</a>,实权由几个卿大夫家族掌握,春秋末期,<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="智氏">智氏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%B0%8F" title="范氏">范氏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%A1%8C%E6%B0%8F" title="中行氏">中行氏</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國 (戰國)">韓</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="趙國">趙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="魏國 (戰國)">魏</a>等晉國「<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%BF" title="六卿">六卿</a>」又互相兼併,<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%B0%8F" title="范氏">范氏</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%A1%8C%E6%B0%8F" title="中行氏">中行氏</a>被消灭,封地被其他四家瓜分。以<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E4%BC%AF%E7%91%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="智伯瑤">智伯瑤</a>為首的智氏,於前455年聯合韓、魏兩家合兵攻趙,把<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E8%A5%84%E5%AD%90" title="趙襄子">趙襄子</a>圍在<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="晉陽">晉陽</a>,決汾水灌城。晋阳城即将被攻破时,韓、魏突然和趙氏聯合起來,於前453年<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E9%99%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="晉陽之戰">消滅智氏</a>,瓜分了智氏的全部土地,史稱<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E7%81%AD%E6%99%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="三家灭智">三家滅智</a>。不久,三家又將晉<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="公室">公室</a>的土地和人民,除<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E6%B2%83" class="mw-redirect" title="曲沃">曲沃</a>(今山西聞喜縣)、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9B%E5%B7%9E" title="绛州">絳州</a>(今山西翼城東南)外,也都瓜分了。這時的晉國國君之地位降到了三家之下,卑屈到要朝見三家<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB_(%E5%AE%98%E5%90%8D)" title="大夫 (官名)">大夫</a>,是為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%86%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="三家分晉">三家分晉</a>。齊國卿族田氏到<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="田完">田完</a>的第五世孫<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E6%81%92" class="mw-redirect" title="田恒">田恆</a>,聯合<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%8D%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="鲍氏">鮑氏</a>,滅了當時專權的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BE%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-disambig" title="栾氏">欒氏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%B0%8F_(%E4%BA%8C%E5%AE%88)" title="高氏 (二守)">高氏</a>二家,並篡奪齊國政權(前386年<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E6%B0%8F%E4%BB%A3%E9%BD%90" title="田氏代齐">田氏代齊</a>)。後來<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="燕國">燕國</a>崛起,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>中興,及其它一些小諸侯國陸續被<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9E%E5%B9%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="吞并">吞併</a>或淪為附庸。到了戰國中期,剩下七個主要大諸侯國<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="楚國">楚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國 (戰國)">韓</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="趙國">趙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="魏國 (戰國)">魏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E9%BD%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="田齊">齊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="燕國">燕</a>,被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84" class="mw-redirect" title="戰國七雄">戰國七雄</a>。 </p><p>小國尚有<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="東周國">東周</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="宋國">宋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="衛國">衛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="中山國">中山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="魯國">魯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="滕國">滕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%92%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="鄒國">鄒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="費國">費</a>等,至战国时期结束时除被沦为秦之<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%84%E5%BA%B8" title="附庸">附庸</a>的衛國外,其他諸侯國都先後被七國所吞併。與七雄相毗鄰的還有周邊部族,如北面和西北面的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%83%A1" title="林胡">林胡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%93%E7%85%A9" title="樓煩">樓煩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="東胡">東胡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4" title="匈奴">匈奴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E6%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="義渠">義渠</a>,南面的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%9C%80" title="巴蜀">巴蜀</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E8%B6%8A" title="百越">百越</a>。至秦統一,通過列國的兼併戰爭和自發的經濟、文化交流與遷徙,這些部族多與中原人共同演化為漢族,另一些如<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%83%A1" title="林胡">林胡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%93%E7%85%A9" title="樓煩">樓煩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="東胡">東胡</a>等部族則融入<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4" title="匈奴">匈奴</a>,與後來南方的秦漢統一帝國成對立姿態。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="戰國前期"><span id=".E6.88.B0.E5.9C.8B.E5.89.8D.E6.9C.9F"></span>戰國前期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:戰國前期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戰國時期,<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵器時代">鐵器</a>開始出現與使用,取代了石器而與<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="青銅時代">青銅器</a>同時並進使用,更有新兵器如弩等被研發並普及,商業的繁榮促進了<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3" title="貨幣">貨幣</a>的發展,而春秋時的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%95%E7%94%B0%E5%88%B6" title="井田制">井田制</a>被取消。农业进一步发展,各国人口增多。手工業的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B6%E9%90%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="冶鐵(页面不存在)">冶鐵</a>、青銅器鑄造、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%86%E5%99%A8" title="漆器">漆器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A1%E7%B9%94" title="紡織">絲織業</a>的生產水平都有了顯著的提高,各國之間的商業貿易得到大力發展。人口与资源的矛盾加剧。諸侯國兼併土地戰,争夺生存空间,代替了春秋時期政治上的霸權爭奪。 </p><p>這些發展也使社會結構發生了變化。世襲的等級制度被瓦解,一些過去的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" title="貴族">貴族</a>失去了地位,而另一些那個時候的平民通過經商或其他的機會致富,甚至成為政治集團中舉足輕重的人物。官僚制度發生了變化。 </p><p>為了應付這些變化,各國採取了不同的變法。最早开始改革的是魏国。<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%96%87%E4%BE%AF" title="魏文侯">魏文侯</a>在前445年继位后,启用<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%88%90%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="魏成子">魏成子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%9F%E7%92%9C" title="翟璜">翟璜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%82%9D" title="李悝">李悝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E7%BE%8A" title="乐羊">乐羊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%B5%B7" title="吴起">吴起</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%97%A8%E8%B1%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="西门豹">西门豹</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家">法家</a>人物,在政治、军事、经济等各领域进行了改革。 </p><p>法家代表人物之一的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%82%9D" title="李悝">李悝</a>被文侯任命为相邦,是文侯、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%AD%A6%E4%BE%AF" title="魏武侯">武侯</a>时期<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%82%9D%E5%8F%98%E6%B3%95" title="李悝变法">變法</a>的关键人物。他吸取各国成文法的长处,编写了《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%BB%8F" title="法经">法经</a>》,分《盗法》、《贼法》、《囚法》、《捕法》、《杂法》、《具法》六篇。他提倡“尽地力之教”,要求农民勤劳耕作、提高生产积极性,以增加国家的收入。“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E7%B1%B4%E6%B3%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="平籴法(页面不存在)">平籴法</a>”则是他的另一项重要经济政策,在丰年官府向农民征收一定数量的余粮,遇上荒年就可以把多余的粮食平价输出,以保证粮价稳定。这些措施可以避免农民破产、流徙,维持了社会的稳定,使魏国走上了富国强兵的道路。 </p><p>约前409年,<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E7%83%88%E4%BE%AF" title="趙烈侯">趙烈侯</a>用相邦<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E4%BB%B2%E8%BF%9E" title="公仲连">公仲連</a>進行改革,在政治、財政用法家,教導用儒家。前382年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E6%82%BC%E7%8E%8B" title="楚悼王">楚悼王</a>用<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E8%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="吳起">吳起</a>實行<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%B5%B7%E5%8F%98%E6%B3%95" title="吴起变法">吳起變法</a>,「損其有餘而繼其不足」,第二年楚悼王逝世,吴起也被楚国贵族乱箭射死。前360年前后,齊國起用<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%92%E5%BF%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="鄒忌">鄒忌</a>「謹修法律而督奸吏」實行改革,国力大增,与魏国冲突。齐国以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E8%86%91" title="孙膑">孙膑</a>为军师,发动<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%82%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="桂陵之战">桂陵之战</a>(前354年)、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="马陵之战">马陵之战</a>(前342年),战胜魏国。韓國初期曾進行改革,但不徹底,造成一些混亂。前351年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%98%AD%E4%BE%AF" title="韓昭侯">韓昭侯</a>起用<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E4%B8%8D%E5%AE%B3" title="申不害">申不害</a>,以「術」變法。 </p><p>前356年和前350年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%AD%9D%E5%85%AC" title="秦孝公">秦孝公</a>任用<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85" title="商鞅">商鞅</a>,两次进行变法,史稱<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="商鞅變法">商鞅變法</a>,此次变法,尝试用公正的法治,取代世袭的宗法制度,废除旧贵族特权,在思想制度层面注入重公德的价值观念,以耕战立国,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%86%9C%E6%8A%91%E5%95%86" title="重农抑商">重农抑商</a>,编户齐民,使百姓“勇于公战,怯于私斗”,把国家变成了高效的军事机器,而且使得秦国在思想和制度层面领先于东方诸侯,东方各国的人才为得到自由发挥的舞台,纷纷入秦效力,秦国由此成为战国后期最为强大的国家。 </p><p>前344年<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="魏惠王">魏惠王</a>召集<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A2%E6%B3%BD%E4%B9%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="逢泽之会">逢泽之会</a>,率诸侯朝见周天子,首先称王。 </p><p>北方游牧部族与中原的安定发展也息息相关。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4" title="匈奴">匈奴</a>、東胡、林胡、樓煩等游牧部族的威胁导致了<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E#历代长城" class="mw-redirect" title="中国长城">战国长城</a>的修建,秦、燕、楚、魏等國都修築「限戎馬之足」的萬里長城。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="合縱連橫"><span id=".E5.90.88.E7.B8.B1.E9.80.A3.E6.A9.AB"></span>合縱連橫</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:合縱連橫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戰國初期<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="魏国 (战国)">魏國</a>先霸於戰國。自从魏文侯任用<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%82%9D" title="李悝">李悝</a>实行变法,就开始强盛起来。文侯、武侯两世,屡败<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E5%9B%BD" title="齐国">齐</a>人。西面侵入秦之河西,派李悝、吴起守西河、上郡,一再挫败秦国的进攻。魏武侯死時其子<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%BD%83" class="mw-redirect" title="魏罃">魏罃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%B7%A9" title="魏緩">魏緩</a>爭位,趙國、韓國乘機發動<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%BE%A4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="濁澤之戰">濁澤之戰</a>,染指魏國,但後來趙、韓聯軍因為內訌而解散,魏罃攻殺了魏緩,是為魏文惠王,簡稱魏惠王,实行改革,更加强盛。前361年,惠王从<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%82%91" class="mw-redirect" title="安邑">安邑</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="山西">山西</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%8E%BF" title="夏县">夏县</a>)迁都<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%A2%81" class="mw-redirect" title="大梁">大梁</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="河南">河南</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="开封">开封</a>),故魏國又稱梁國,魏惠王又稱梁惠王,从此更加紧了对宋、卫、韩、赵等国的进攻。 </p><p>在魏国进一步强大的同时,齐国由于<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E5%A8%81%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="齐威王">齐威王</a>的改革,秦国由<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%AD%9D%E5%85%AC" title="秦孝公">秦孝公</a>任用<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85" title="商鞅">商鞅</a>,推動<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85%E5%8F%98%E6%B3%95" title="商鞅变法">商鞅变法</a>而都强大起来。前354年,由于<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%9B%BD" title="赵国">赵国</a>夺去了魏国的附庸<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%BD" title="卫国">卫国</a>,魏国就起兵伐赵,率宋、卫联军围攻赵都<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AF%E9%83%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="邯郸">邯郸</a>,次年破之。于是,赵国向齐求救,齐威王派田忌为将,孙膑为师,前往救援。孙膑认为魏国的精锐部队在赵,内部空虚,乃引兵疾走大梁,魏军回救本国,齐军乘其疲备,一举解赵之围而收弊于魏(《史记·孙子吴起列传》),在桂陵(今河南长垣西南)取得大胜,生擒其主帅<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9E%E6%B6%93" title="庞涓">庞涓</a>(《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E8%86%91%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95" title="孙膑兵法">孙膑兵法</a>·擒庞涓》)史稱「圍魏救趙」。但在前352年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="魏惠王">魏惠王</a>调用了韩国军队联合打败了齐、宋、卫的联军,齐国不得已向魏求和。次年,魏国便迫使赵在漳水之上结盟,并把邯郸归还赵国,魏在东线取得了胜利。 </p><p>此时的秦国,于前354年打败魏军于元里,攻取了河西的少梁;前352年又攻入魏的河东,一度攻取了安邑;次年又包围固阳,迫使归降。后来,魏国和齐、赵先后结盟讲和。到公元前350年,魏又回头向秦反攻,曾围攻上郡的定阳(今陕西延安市东),结果<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%AD%9D%E5%85%AC" title="秦孝公">秦孝公</a>在彤(今陕西华县西南)与<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="魏惠王">魏惠王</a>相会修好,因而魏在西线也取得了胜利。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="魏惠王">魏惠王</a>二十六年(前344年),<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="魏惠王">魏惠王</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%97%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E8%AF%B8%E4%BE%AF" title="泗上十二诸侯">泗上十二诸侯</a>在逢泽之地会面,率十二国诸侯朝见<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="周天子">周天子</a>。但後來在前341年<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="馬陵之戰">馬陵之戰</a>,慘敗給齊軍,太子申被杀。前340年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%9F%8E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="吴城之战">吳城之戰</a>,魏国被秦<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85" title="商鞅">商鞅</a>擊敗,主帅被俘,不久被迫将河西割于秦国,数戰皆敗的魏國一直也再沒有復興起來。 </p><p>前314年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD" title="燕国">燕国</a>因<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E4%B9%8B" title="子之">子之</a>的統治内乱,<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E7%A0%B4%E7%87%95%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="齐破燕之战">齐国攻破燕国</a>,后在燕人反叛及各諸侯國的壓力之下,齐国被迫退兵。此后燕国由<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E6%98%AD%E7%8E%8B" title="燕昭王">燕昭王</a>即位,广纳贤才,图谋向齐国复仇。 </p><p>楚國於前313年至前311年間三次大戰秦國都失敗。但却在前306年趁<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="越国">越国</a>内乱,攻占了吴国旧地,但之后数次被<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="越国">越国</a>收复。在与越国的长期战争中,国力亦有削弱。 </p><p>前307年,<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%AD%A6%E7%81%B5%E7%8E%8B" title="赵武灵王">赵武灵王</a>实行<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%9C%8D%E9%AA%91%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="胡服骑射">胡服骑射</a>,使赵国的军事实力大增,中山為趙所亡,中山王被放逐至膚施。前287年,赵、魏、韩、燕、楚五国军队联合攻秦,秦被迫割地给赵、魏以求和。 </p><p>前286年,齊國<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E6%BB%85%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="齊滅宋之戰">攻滅</a>被諸國垂涎的宋國,引致燕、秦、韩、赵、魏五國聯兵於前284年<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="濟西之戰">圍攻</a>,齊軍於濟西迎擊卻被聯軍重創,齊兵退守臨淄,臨淄被<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD" title="燕国">燕軍</a>攻陷,<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E6%B9%A3%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="齐湣王">齐湣王</a>出逃,輾轉到齊的莒,楚軍出兵佯稱救齊,齊湣王被楚將<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%96%E9%BD%92" class="mw-redirect" title="淖齒">淖齒</a>杀害,城內軍民奮起殺死淖齒,齊失七十餘城,只餘下<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%92" class="mw-disambig" title="莒">莒</a>(今山东日照市莒县)和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E5%A2%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="即墨">即墨</a>兩座城池。前278年,燕昭王死,太子<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="燕惠王">燕惠王</a>即位。齐国即墨守将<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E5%96%AE" title="田單">田单</a>施<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%96%93%E8%A8%88" title="反間計">反间计</a>,使燕惠王撤掉大将军<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E6%AF%85" title="乐毅">乐毅</a>。田单以<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%89%9B%E9%98%B5" title="火牛阵">火牛阵</a>奇襲<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E5%A2%A8%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="即墨之戰">大败燕军</a>,齐国趁势复国,但国力大衰,开始走向没落。 </p><p>前280年楚国逆长江上游攻秦,欲收回<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9B%BD" title="巴国">巴国</a>旧地,结果遭秦反攻。前279年楚国被秦軍於<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A2%E9%83%A2%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="鄢郢之戰">鄢郢之戰</a>(今湖北宜城东南)大破,幾十萬軍民被<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%B5%B7" title="白起">白起</a>放水淹死,前278年連首都<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A2" title="郢">郢</a>也被秦將<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%B5%B7" title="白起">白起</a>所攻陷,被逼遷都到<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="陳">陳</a>,楚国诗人<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E5%8E%9F" title="屈原">屈原</a>痛感国家沦亡,投<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A8%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%9F" title="汨罗江">汨罗江</a>自尽。前241年,楚国又遷都到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%BD%E6%98%A5" class="mw-disambig" title="壽春">壽春</a>,躲避秦軍,再也沒有能力對抗秦國。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="秦统一六国"><span id=".E7.A7.A6.E7.BB.9F.E4.B8.80.E5.85.AD.E5.9B.BD"></span>秦统一六国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:秦统一六国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="秦統一中國之戰">秦统一中国之战</a></div> <p>前271年,客卿张禄(即<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E9%9B%8E" title="范雎">范雎</a>)向<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%98%AD%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦昭王">秦昭王</a>献「远交近攻」之策。秦昭王接纳,于前262年出兵伐韩,切断<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%85%9A%E9%83%A1" title="上党郡">上党郡</a>与韩都城新郑的联系。韩国欲将上党郡割给秦国,但是上党军民不从,向赵国求救。赵派老将<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%89%E9%A2%87" title="廉颇">廉颇</a>率军驻守长平,声援上党。 </p><p>前260年,秦国大将<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%BD%95" title="王齕">王龁</a>夺取上党,与廉颇军在长平对峙,双方僵持达四月之久。秦国施以反间计,使赵国以年轻的将领<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%8B%AC" title="赵括">赵括</a>代替<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%89%E9%A2%87" title="廉颇">廉颇</a>,同时秘密调来大将<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%B5%B7" title="白起">白起</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%B9%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="长平之战">长平之战</a>以赵军惨败,四十万降卒被坑杀为结局,从此东方六国再也无力抵抗秦国的进攻。 </p><p>前258年,魏<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E9%99%B5%E5%90%9B" title="信陵君">信陵君</a>、趙<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E5%90%9B" title="平原君">平原君</a>、楚<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%94%B3%E5%90%9B" title="春申君">春申君</a>大破秦軍於<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AF%E9%84%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="邯鄲">邯鄲</a>城下,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E9%99%B5%E5%90%9B" title="信陵君">信陵君</a>也於後來率軍於<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BD%E8%B0%B7%E5%85%B3" title="函谷关">函谷關</a>外大勝秦軍,但這些已不足令秦國衰落。 </p><p>前256年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E8%B5%A7%E7%8E%8B" title="周赧王">周赧王</a>病逝,秦国攻入<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%92%E9%82%91" title="雒邑">雒邑</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC" title="西周文公">西周君</a>投降,周朝灭亡。前249年,秦相邦<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E4%B8%8D%E9%9F%A6" title="吕不韦">吕不韦</a>又带兵灭掉了位于巩邑(今河南省巩义市康店镇)的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8%E5%90%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="東周君">東周君</a>。 </p><p>前230年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E9%9F%A9%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="秦灭韩之战">韩国先被秦灭</a>。 </p><p>前228年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E8%B5%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="秦灭赵之战">灭赵</a>。 </p><p>前225年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E9%AD%8F%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="秦灭魏之战">灭魏</a>。 </p><p>前223年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E6%A5%9A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="秦灭楚之战">灭楚</a>。 </p><p>前222年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E7%87%95%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="秦灭燕之战">灭燕</a>。 </p><p>前222年,灭<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="越國">越国</a>。 </p><p>前221年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E9%BD%90%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="秦灭齐之战">灭齐</a>,统一中原。 </p><p>秦灭六国後,秦始皇<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%9A%E6%9B%B8%E5%9D%91%E5%84%92" class="mw-redirect" title="焚書坑儒">焚書坑儒</a>,使战国时期的历史记载毁灭,以致西汉中叶的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="司马迁">司马迁</a>在编纂《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>》时,难以找到依据<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="军事與技术"><span id=".E5.86.9B.E4.BA.8B.E8.88.87.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF"></span>军事與技术</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:军事與技术"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>战国时期的连年混战使军事理论和技术得到了很快的发展。戰國初期魏國名將吳起所著《<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="吳子兵法">吳子兵法</a>》、戰國中期<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%B1%E6%A9%AB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="縱橫家">縱橫家</a>鼻祖鬼谷子所著《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%AD%E9%98%96%E7%AD%96" class="mw-redirect" title="捭阖策">捭闔策</a>》及其弟子齊國名將孫臏所著《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E8%87%8F%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="孫臏兵法">孫臏兵法</a>》就是这个时候出现的。 </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="燕國士兵頭盔"><img alt="燕國士兵頭盔" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG/270px-W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG/405px-W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG/540px-W_Zhou_Yan_helmet.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">燕國士兵頭盔</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 81.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 79.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="不明國籍的青铜头盔"><img alt="不明國籍的青铜头盔" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG/119px-Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG/178px-Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG/238px-Warring_States_Bronze_Helmet.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="3896" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">不明國籍的青铜头盔</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords,_Warring_States_Period.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="出土的罕见鐵劍"><img alt="出土的罕见鐵劍" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG/270px-Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG/405px-Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG/540px-Iron_sword_and_two_bronze_swords%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">出土的罕见<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a>劍</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bronze_ge,_Warring_States_Period.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="青銅戈"><img alt="青銅戈" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bronze_ge%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG/270px-Bronze_ge%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bronze_ge%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG/405px-Bronze_ge%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bronze_ge%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG/540px-Bronze_ge%2C_Warring_States_Period.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">青銅戈</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GeWarringStates.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="戈,春秋战国至秦汉最为常见的中国武器。"><img alt="戈,春秋战国至秦汉最为常见的中国武器。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/GeWarringStates.JPG/321px-GeWarringStates.JPG" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/GeWarringStates.JPG/482px-GeWarringStates.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/GeWarringStates.JPG/642px-GeWarringStates.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="2576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88_(%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8)" title="戈 (武器)">戈</a>,春秋战国至秦汉最为常见的中国武器。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="戰國青銅劍"><img alt="戰國青銅劍" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG/321px-WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG/482px-WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG/642px-WarringStatesBronzeSword.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="2576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">戰國青銅劍</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文學與思想"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.AD.B8.E8.88.87.E6.80.9D.E6.83.B3"></span>文學與思想</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="编辑章节:文學與思想"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>战国时期,出现了<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E5%AD%90%E7%99%BE%E5%AE%B6" title="诸子百家">诸子百家</a>,这是中国思想、学术发展的黄金时期,史称「百家争鸣」。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%82%9D" title="李悝">李悝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%B5%B7" title="吴起">吴起</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85" title="商鞅">商鞅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E4%B8%8D%E5%AE%B3" title="申不害">申不害</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%8E%E5%88%B0" title="慎到">慎到</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E6%AF%85" title="乐毅">乐毅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E9%9D%9E" title="韩非">韩非</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家">法家</a>在战国时期独步天下。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E6%9C%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="楊朱">楊朱學派</a>的為我、貴己,拔一毛以利天下不為也。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E5%AD%90" title="墨子">墨子</a>(约前479年—前381年)的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E5%AE%B6" title="墨家">墨家</a>主張兼愛、非攻、尚贤、节用。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%84%80" class="mw-redirect" title="張儀">張儀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%AB%E8%A1%8D" title="公孫衍">公孫衍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E7%A7%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇秦">蘇秦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E9%9B%8E" title="范雎">范雎</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%B1%E6%A9%AB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="縱橫家">縱橫家</a>,以謀略游說天下。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90" title="孟子">孟子</a>(前372年—前289年)的<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6" title="儒家">儒家</a>主张守旧。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="許行">許行</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E5%AE%B6" title="农家">農家</a>主張君民並耕而食。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%96%BD" title="惠施">惠施</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%99%E9%BE%99" title="公孙龙">公孫龍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A7%E6%9E%90%E5%AD%90" title="鄧析子">鄧析子</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E5%AE%B6" title="名家">名家</a>主張辨別「名實同異」的邏輯。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%84%E5%AD%90" title="庄子">庄子</a>(约前369年—前286年)发展<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%AE%B6" title="道家">道家</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E4%B8%BA_(%E9%81%93%E5%AE%B6)" title="无为 (道家)">無為</a>而治。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%92%E8%A1%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="鄒衍">鄒衍</a>(约前305年—前240年)的<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E9%99%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="陰陽家">陰陽家</a>提倡「五德終始說」。</li> <li>兼取各家學說的雜家,以《<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E6%B0%8F%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="呂氏春秋">呂氏春秋</a>》的帝王學為代表,還有喜歡引用歷史典故和寓言故事的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA%E5%AE%B6_(%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="小說家 (哲學)">小說家</a>虞初、<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%B8%B9%E5%AD%90" title="燕丹子">燕丹子</a>,世稱「<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E6%B5%81%E5%8D%81%E5%AE%B6" title="九流十家">九流十家</a>」。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="建築"><span id=".E5.BB.BA.E7.AF.89"></span>建築</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="编辑章节:建築"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%A2%81%E5%9F%8E" title="大梁城">大梁城</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%8F%B0%E5%9F%8E%E9%81%BA%E5%9D%80" title="下菰城遺址">下菰城遺址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E9%82%AF%E9%83%B8%E6%95%85%E5%9F%8E" title="赵邯郸故城">赵邯郸故城</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%88%B6%E5%9F%8E_(%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81)" class="mw-redirect" title="三戶城 (河南省)">三戶城 (河南省)</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%B0%BA%E9%81%93" title="五尺道">五尺道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E9%9F%A9%E6%95%85%E5%9F%8E" title="郑韩故城">郑韩故城</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="魏长城遗址">魏长城遗址</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%B8%8B%E9%83%BD%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="燕下都遗址">燕下都遗址</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg/150px-%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg/225px-%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg/300px-%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%8F%E9%9B%95%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E9%93%BA%E9%A6%96.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%B8%8B%E9%83%BD%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="燕下都遗址">燕下都遗址</a>出土雕龙凤纹铜铺首尊</figcaption></figure> <p>战国铜器上刻镂或模铸的建筑图象,以<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南省</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E5%8E%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="辉县">辉县</a>出土的铜鉴和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="上海博物馆">上海博物馆</a>收藏的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%87%95%E4%B9%90%E7%BA%B9%E9%93%9C%E6%A1%AE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="燕乐纹铜桮(页面不存在)">燕乐纹铜桮</a>较重要。辉县铜鉴上表现有<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="魏国 (战国)">魏国</a>贵族狩猎和献禽于庙、社的内容。其中刻的一座大建筑,左右列<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%9F%E7%A3%AC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="钟磬(页面不存在)">钟磬</a>,可能是宗庙。图中器皿均画成剖面图,建筑上刻画出<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%81%E6%9E%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="梁枋(页面不存在)">梁枋</a>断面和人在室内的活动,看来也是剖面图。建筑底层中央是土台,四周有单坡的廊庑。二层在土台顶上为心室,立中心柱(古称「<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%9F%B1" title="都柱">都柱</a>」),外加辅柱,承三层楼板;心室四周也有廊庑,其外有挑出的平坐,周以栏杆,用小柱支在下层廊顶上。三层中心有心室,四面有四堂,上为四阿屋顶。顶层四周也挑出平坐。整座建筑是建在高一层的土台上的三层<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B0%E6%A6%AD%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="台榭建筑(页面不存在)">台榭建筑</a>,各柱头上都画有斗栱。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西省</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="长治市">长治市</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="南京市">南京市</a>六合区出土的两件战国铜匜上所刻建筑,与辉县铜鉴基本相同,都是二层或三层<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B0%E6%A6%AD%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="台榭建筑(页面不存在)">台榭建筑</a>的剖面图。 </p><p>至於战国的燕乐纹铜桮上錾有三座建筑图形,其中两座建在高一层的台子上,台四周有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E7%89%86" class="mw-redirect" title="女牆">女墙</a>,女墙下有登台的磴道,上有人物捧食器登上<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A3%B4%E9%81%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="磴道(页面不存在)">磴道</a>。台上建筑均为单层,柱有纹饰,柱头有栌斗。从建筑物的地面、屋面画矩形方格和女墙悬浮于磴道之上的情况来看,也是剖面图。它表现的是一座高台,壁上有门洞,洞内为磴道,从台面所留井口处登台。臺顶建筑四周为坡顶,画出瓦垄,中间平的部分画矩形格,可能是表示铺几层土坯的平屋顶。 </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="燕下都遗址出土瓦当"><img alt="燕下都遗址出土瓦当" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg/265px-Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg/397px-Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg/529px-Warring_states_roof_tile_end_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2067" data-file-height="1406" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%B8%8B%E9%83%BD%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="燕下都遗址">燕下都遗址</a>出土瓦当</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="燕下都遗址出土瓦当"><img alt="燕下都遗址出土瓦当" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg/280px-Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg/420px-Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg/560px-Warring_states_roof_tile_end_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1646" data-file-height="1058" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E4%B8%8B%E9%83%BD%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="燕下都遗址">燕下都遗址</a>出土瓦当</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水利"><span id=".E6.B0.B4.E5.88.A9"></span>水利</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="编辑章节:水利"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%B8%A0" title="漳水十二渠">漳水十二渠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%BB%E6%BA%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鴻溝">鴻溝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%B1%9F%E5%A0%B0" title="都江堰">都江堰</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鄭國渠">鄭國渠</a></div> <p>今日的四川<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%B1%9F%E5%A0%B0" title="都江堰">都江堰</a>。戰國時期秦國<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%86%B0" title="李冰">李冰</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%B7%E6%B1%9F" title="岷江">岷江</a>上興建都江堰,不僅可防止水患,更使<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E9%83%BD%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="成都平原">成都平原</a>成為富庶之地,被誉为“<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%BA%9C%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="天府之国">天府之国</a>”。战国末期,韩国水利工程师<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%B0%B4%E5%B7%A5)" title="郑国 (水工)">郑国</a>为秦国修筑<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%B8%A0" title="郑国渠">郑国渠</a>,灌溉关中四万余顷土地,为秦灭<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="山東六國">山东六国</a>打下坚实基础。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="经济"><span id=".E7.BB.8F.E6.B5.8E"></span>经济</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="编辑章节:经济"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="农业"><span id=".E5.86.9C.E4.B8.9A"></span>农业</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="编辑章节:农业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%A4%E7%86%9F%E5%88%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="一年两熟制(页面不存在)">一年两熟制</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%A7%81%E6%9C%89%E5%88%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="土地私有制(页面不存在)">土地私有制</a></div> <p>战国时期,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%95%E7%94%B0%E5%88%B6" title="井田制">井田制</a>彻底瓦解,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%A7%81%E6%9C%89%E5%88%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="土地私有制(页面不存在)">土地私有制</a>确立。各国的改革或变法运动法制化了这一转变。秦国在商鞅变法后,“除<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%95%E7%94%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="井田">井田</a>,民得卖买”<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,赵国大将<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%8B%AC" title="赵括">赵括</a>把君主赏赐给他的金箔“归藏于家,而日视其便利田宅可买者买之”<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>随着铁制农具的发明利用,农业生产力在春秋末战国初有了飞跃发展。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%B8%E9%93%81%E5%86%B6%E7%82%BC%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="铸铁冶炼技术(页面不存在)">铸铁冶炼技术</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%B8%E9%93%81%E6%9F%94%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="铸铁柔化技术(页面不存在)">铸铁柔化技术</a>的发明,铁制的农具得以普及,进而促进了农业的发展上升到了另外一个台阶。 </p><p>当时主要的粮食作物有“<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="五穀">五穀</a>”,目前有两种主流说法,一说麦、菽、稷、黍、麻,一说麦、菽、稷、黍、稻。<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="稷">稷</a>是小米,五穀之长,是中原地區的主食,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BE" class="mw-disambig" title="禾">禾</a>是粮食作物的统称,前人对于<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8D" title="黍">黍</a>和稷的认识很不一致,麦有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A6" title="大麦">大麦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A6" title="小麦">小麦</a>之分,而小麦分为<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="春小麦">春小麦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AC%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="冬小麦">冬小麦</a>:春小麦是在春天播种,秋天收割,冬小麦在仲秋播种,孟夏收获。冬小麦在春秋时代得到了推广,进入战国时代,在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="黄河流域">黄河流域</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F" title="长江流域">长江流域</a>冬小麦已经是很普遍了<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>。豆在战国之前被称作「菽」,有大菽与小菽之分,大豆(大菽)因其抗旱能力强,对气候和土壤的要求也不是很高,可在春秋两季播种,成了人们的主食,麻也是古人的一种粮食。 </p><p>土壤的肥沃与否与收成的好坏有密切的关系,战国时人们根据土壤不同的色泽、性质、和肥沃度有壤、埴、坟、垆、黎、涂泥等之分。壤有有黄白两种,坟也分黑白赤等。整理于战国时代的《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%B9%E8%B2%A2" title="禹貢">禹贡</a>》曾对旧时各地区的土壤情况作了描述,包括土壤大类型,田地的等级。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="手工业及藝術品"><span id=".E6.89.8B.E5.B7.A5.E4.B8.9A.E5.8F.8A.E8.97.9D.E8.A1.93.E5.93.81"></span>手工业及藝術品</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="编辑章节:手工业及藝術品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E4%BE%AF%E4%B9%99%E5%A2%93" title="曾侯乙墓">曾侯乙墓</a></div> <p>战国时期青铜业仍在发展,冶铁业取得的进步也较大。另外漆器、陶器、车船的制造也有发展,文献记载秦国的战船“乘夏水,浮轻舟,强弩在前,铣戈在后”<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。民间手工业以制造商品为主。 </p><p>戰國時代的手工藝術製作水準相當高。之所以有如此高的創作水準,可能是藝術品買賣風氣愈盛,以及各國相互競爭的結果。於湖北隨州的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E4%BE%AF%E4%B9%99%E5%A2%93" title="曾侯乙墓">曾侯乙墓</a>為著名的戰國早期考古地點,墓中挖出了一萬五千多件文物,包括:青銅祭器、鐘、兵器、漆器,以及木、竹製品。青銅器及陶器上以翅膀彎曲的鳥以及龍為主要的裝飾圖案,可見當時已接觸到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4" title="匈奴">匈奴</a>等亞洲草原文化。<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Cup(Warring_States_Period)_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="战国水晶杯"><img alt="战国水晶杯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Crystal_Cup%28Warring_States_Period%29_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG/135px-Crystal_Cup%28Warring_States_Period%29_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Crystal_Cup%28Warring_States_Period%29_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG/202px-Crystal_Cup%28Warring_States_Period%29_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Crystal_Cup%28Warring_States_Period%29_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG/270px-Crystal_Cup%28Warring_States_Period%29_in_Hangzhou_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">战国水晶杯</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jade_dragon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="戰國龍紋玉珮"><img alt="戰國龍紋玉珮" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jade_dragon.jpg/240px-Jade_dragon.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jade_dragon.jpg/360px-Jade_dragon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jade_dragon.jpg/480px-Jade_dragon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">戰國龍紋玉珮</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="青銅鍍銀雙耳壺"><img alt="青銅鍍銀雙耳壺" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg/180px-3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg/270px-3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg/360px-3rd_century_BC_Eastern_Zhou_bronze_and_silver_flask.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1625" data-file-height="1626" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">青銅鍍銀雙耳壺</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 208px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bianzhong.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="曾侯乙墓出土的編鐘"><img alt="曾侯乙墓出土的編鐘" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bianzhong.jpg/312px-Bianzhong.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bianzhong.jpg/468px-Bianzhong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bianzhong.jpg/624px-Bianzhong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4768" data-file-height="2752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E4%BE%AF%E4%B9%99%E5%A2%93" title="曾侯乙墓">曾侯乙墓</a>出土的編鐘</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="战国中山王墓出土的十五连铜灯盏"><img alt="战国中山王墓出土的十五连铜灯盏" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg/135px-Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg/203px-Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg/271px-Lamp_of_Warring_States.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="851" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">战国中山王墓出土的十五连铜灯盏</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="商业"><span id=".E5.95.86.E4.B8.9A"></span>商业</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="编辑章节:商业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>战国时期各国大量铸造金属货币。趙國、魏國、韓國的货币主要是像铲的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%B8%81" title="布币">布币</a>,齐国、燕国则主要用<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%80%E5%B8%81" title="刀币">刀币</a>,秦国和周使用中间有圆孔的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9C%E9%92%B1" title="圜钱">圜钱</a>,楚國使用<a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%BB%E9%BC%BB%E9%8C%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="蟻鼻錢">蟻鼻錢</a>,各国建立了各自统一的度量衡制度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="後世影響"><span id=".E5.BE.8C.E4.B8.96.E5.BD.B1.E9.9F.BF"></span>後世影響</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="编辑章节:後世影響"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="日本戰國"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E6.88.B0.E5.9C.8B"></span><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="日本戰國">日本戰國</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="编辑章节:日本戰國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>日本<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A4%E7%94%BA%E5%B9%95%E5%BA%9C" title="室町幕府">室町幕府</a>後期,群雄大名割據。16世紀時,<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E6%96%90%E5%9C%8B" title="甲斐國">甲斐國</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%A2%A8%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="山梨縣">山梨縣</a>)<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%90%8D_(%E7%A8%B1%E8%AC%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="大名 (稱謂)">大名</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%94%B0%E4%BF%A1%E7%8E%84" title="武田信玄">武田信玄</a>所制定的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%9C%8B%E6%B3%95" title="分國法">分國法</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%B7%9E%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%A6%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC" title="甲州法度次第">甲州法度次第</a>》第二十條中出現的「天下戰國之上(<span lang="ja">天下戦国の上は</span>)」一句。換言之,生在被後人稱為「戰國時代」的人們,當時已有「如今是戰國之世」的認知了,可證明“战国”一詞影響了當時日本亂世的時情。<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="影視作品"><span id=".E5.BD.B1.E8.A6.96.E4.BD.9C.E5.93.81"></span>影視作品</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="编辑章节:影視作品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>戰國時代各國互相征戰,以戰國時代為背景之動作或武打之電影不少,例子如下: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="電影"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E5.BD.B1"></span>電影</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="编辑章节:電影"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E9%99%B5%E9%81%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="马陵道(页面不存在)">马陵道</a>》</dt></dl> <p>是1965年由香港新联影业出品的一部历史故事影片。影片展现了孙膑与庞涓斗智以及公元前342年齐魏马陵道决战的故事。 </p> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%9B%84_(%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1)" title="英雄 (电影)">英雄</a>》</dt></dl> <p>是2002年由中國大陸導演張藝謀執導的一部武俠片。电影主要讲述战国末期,七雄并起,惟秦国最为强大,急欲吞并六国,一统天下。为对抗秦国的吞并,六国各地侠客欲刺杀秦王的故事 </p> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%8E%E4%BA%BA_(2008%E5%B9%B4%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1)" title="江山美人 (2008年電影)">江山美人</a>》</dt></dl> <p>是2008年的一部由程小東執導的史詩式愛情古裝電影。故事並無詳細說明確實年代,推斷為前306年趙武靈王推行胡服騎射,騎兵正式用於軍隊之後,前222年秦國滅燕國及趙國之前(前306年-前222年之間)。 </p> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B5%E5%B0%8F%E5%B0%87" title="大兵小將">大兵小將</a>》</dt></dl> <p>2010年上映的電影,成龍編劇兼主演、丁晟導演。故事並無詳細說明確實年代,故事講述韓國及趙國被秦國滅之後之戰國時代,推斷為前222-前221年。 </p> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E6%94%BB" title="墨攻">墨攻</a>》</dt></dl> <p>2006年香港主创的一部古装战争电影,改编自日本作家酒见贤一的同名小说《墨攻》(曾被改编为漫画,香港出版时名为《墨子攻略》),由中国内地、香港、台湾、日本、韩国五地合作拍摄,投资额为1600万美元。导演为张之亮,监制是徐小明,董玮为动作指导。刘德华、范冰冰、王志文、安圣基、吴奇隆、崔始源主演,中国大陆和香港于2006年11月23日公映。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="連續劇"><span id=".E9.80.A3.E7.BA.8C.E5.8A.87"></span>連續劇</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="编辑章节:連續劇"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="大秦帝国">大秦帝國</a>》</dt></dl> <ul><li>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E8%A3%82%E5%8F%98" title="大秦帝国之裂变">大秦帝國之裂變</a>”,系列歷史劇的第一部;故事主軸為<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="商鞅變法">商鞅變法</a>,講述戰國時代<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>由弱轉強,在戰國初期列強環伺內憂外患下的蛻變過程。</li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B9%8B%E7%B8%B1%E6%A9%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="大秦帝國之縱橫">大秦帝國之縱橫</a>”,系列歷史劇的第二部;<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="商鞅變法">商鞅變法</a>以後,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>邁入嶄新時期。此時的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>,在戰國舞臺上,已屹立起不容列國小視的身影,也面臨新的挑戰。</li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E5%B4%9B%E8%B5%B7" title="大秦帝国之崛起">大秦帝國之崛起</a>”,系列歷史劇的第三部;講述了<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%98%AD%E8%A5%84%E7%8E%8B" title="秦昭襄王">秦昭襄王</a>期間帶領<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>崛起,令六國衰落的故事。</li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大秦帝國之天下">大秦帝國之天下</a>”,系列歷史劇的第四部;講述了<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%98%AD%E8%A5%84%E7%8E%8B" title="秦昭襄王">秦昭襄王</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%AD%9D%E6%96%87%E7%8E%8B" title="秦孝文王">秦孝文王</a>去世後,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%AC%B4%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="秦王嬴政">秦王嬴政</a>在位期間,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="秦國">秦國</a>掃平六國、一統天下的歷史故事。</li></ul> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%A3%8E%E7%83%88_(%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7)" class="mw-redirect" title="西风烈 (电视剧)">西風烈</a>》</dt> <dd>描述了戰國末年秦國與趙國之間的歷史故事。</dd></dl> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%8A%E8%BB%BB%E5%88%BA%E7%A7%A6%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="荊軻刺秦王">荊軻刺秦王</a>》</dt></dl> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%86%E8%BD%B2%E4%BC%A0%E5%A5%87" title="荆轲传奇">荊軻傳奇</a>》</dt> <dd>2004年電視劇,根據荊軻的故事改編的故事。</dd></dl> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%88%E6%9C%88%E4%BC%A0" title="芈月传">羋月傳</a>》</dt> <dd>2015年電視劇,講述從身份低微的楚國庶公主成為史上第一位太后的故事。</dd></dl> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%93%E9%95%A7%E4%BC%A0" title="皓镧传">皓鑭傳</a>》</dt> <dd>2019年電視劇,講述<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87" title="秦始皇">秦始皇</a>之母<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%A7%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="趙姬">趙姬</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%8E%8A%E8%A5%84%E7%8E%8B" title="秦莊襄王">秦莊襄王</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E4%B8%8D%E9%9F%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="呂不韋">呂不韋</a>之間的故事。</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="动漫画"><span id=".E5.8A.A8.E6.BC.AB.E7.94.BB"></span>动漫画</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="编辑章节:动漫画"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%97%B6%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%88_(%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB)" title="秦时明月 (动画)">秦时明月</a>》</dt> <dt>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%80%85%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B" title="王者天下">王者天下</a>》</dt></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="编辑章节:注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="史記">史記</a>》觀點,包括了在前403年之前的重大歷史事件,有前473年越王<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%BE%E8%B8%90" class="mw-redirect" title="勾踐">勾踐</a>滅<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="吳國">吳</a>,和前403年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%86%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="三家分晉">三家分晉</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E7%81%AD%E6%99%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="三家灭智">三家滅智</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%86%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="三家分晉">三家分晉</a>,《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%92" class="mw-redirect" title="資治通鑒">資治通鑒</a>》觀點</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">日本学者<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E8%97%A4%E9%81%93%E6%B2%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="伊藤道治(页面不存在)">伊藤道治</a>反对这种说法,认为这种说法更适合<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="西亚">西亚</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E4%B8%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="近东">近东</a>文明史。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《论语·微子篇》、《孟子》、《吕氏春秋·审时篇》、《周礼·食医》、《大戴礼记》等将麦、菽、稷、黍、麻称为“<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="五穀">五穀</a>”、“<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="六穀">六穀</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-六穀_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-六穀-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>或“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="九谷">九穀</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-九穀_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-九穀-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>等称谓。《孟子·滕文公上》等将麦、菽、稷、黍、稻称为“<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="五穀">五穀</a>”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E4%BC%A0" title="左传">左传</a>·隐公三年》记载:四月,<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%9C%8B_(%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="鄭國 (諸侯國)">鄭國</a>军队“取温之麦”。这个记载用的是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%8E%86" class="mw-redirect" title="夏历">夏历</a>,夏历四月正是冬小麦成熟时节。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="编辑章节:参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="编辑章节:引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">儒家學者. 第二十八章. <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="禮記">禮記</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%B8" title="中庸">中庸</a>. 戰國時期. <q>“今天下車同軌,書同文,行同倫。”(天下:社會。同:統一。大意:“目前社会车辆有统一的道路,书籍有统一的文字,行为有统一的伦理。”)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0&amp;rft.btitle=%E7%A6%AE%E8%A8%98%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%B8&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[清]<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%A4%AB%E4%B9%8B" title="王夫之">王夫之</a> 撰;舒士彦 點校:《讀通鑑論·卷末·敍論四·一》,中華書局,1975年7月,第1版,第954頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">宮崎市定 著,邱添生 譯:《中國史》(台北:華世出版社,1980),頁39-40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">亦可参见 宮崎市定:《中国上代は封建制か都市国家》,《史林》32卷2号;贝冢茂树:《中国の古代国家》,弘文堂,1952年</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">伊藤道治:《中国社会の成立》,讲谈社,1977年,转引自王震中:《中国古代国家的起源与王权的形成》,中国社会科学出版社,2013年,6第1页.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">“奴隶制和封建制的分期,我变动过几次,最后定在春秋战国之交。近来又考虑了一下,觉得还是这样分期要适当些。”<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E6%B2%AB%E8%8B%A5" title="郭沫若">郭沫若</a>:《关于中国古史研究中的两个问题》,《历史研究》1956(6),转引自于沛、李红岩:《马克思主义史学思想史》(第4卷)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">“<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%AF%AC" title="楊寬">杨宽</a>先生的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="战国史">战国史</a>》一书,总共有过三个版本:1955年初版,1980年再版,1997年又随着考古工作的巨大进展,新资料层出不穷而重加修订、补充和改写。每次再版,都增加很多内容,篇幅从初版的二十多万字,扩到二版的近四十三万字,三版更增加到五十六万字,经过近半个世纪的不断充实和提高,内容大为翔实丰富,观点愈见显豁精审。作者以如椽的史笔,展现出战国时期这一‘古今一大变革之会’,社会激荡,政体革新,群雄并起,百家争鸣的纷异多彩的历史长卷,以全新的面貌,成为国内外学术界极为注目的断代史权威著作。有学者这样评价:‘这部断代史研究的经典,不仅可以看作上一世纪古史研究高水准成果的一个纪念,又为学界新人提供了具有标范意义的学术样板。’”参见高智群:《编后记:一世学术 一代大家》,载于杨宽:《先秦史十讲》,复旦大学出版社,2008年,第445页.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%AF%AC" title="楊寬">杨宽</a>:《<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="战国史">战国史</a>》,上海人民出版社,1998年,前言部分1-9页</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">「秦既得意,燒天下《詩》、《書》,諸侯史記尤甚,為其有所刺譏也……獨有《秦記》,又不載日月,其文略不具。然戰國之權變亦有可頗采者。……余於是因《秦記》,踵《春秋》之後,起周元王,表六國時事,訖二世,凡二百七十年,著諸所聞興壞之端。」《史記·六國年表》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">「前453年由三家瓜分晉國的局面便已形成,但直到前403年,韓、趙、魏三家才敢封侯,因此考量到以周王元年為斷代點此一條件,自然以周哀王元年,也即前441年為戰國時代的起點為最適當的選擇了。」《孫子兵法論正》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">「嗚呼!君臣之禮既壞矣,則天下以智力相雄長,遂使聖賢之後為諸侯者,社稷無不泯絕,生民之害糜滅幾盡,豈不哀哉!」《資治通鑑·卷第一》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B1%E7%A9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="钱穆">钱穆</a>,《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1" title="國史大綱">国史大纲</a>》,北京,商务印书馆,1991年:第73页. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7100017661" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-100-01766-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《汉书·食货志上》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史记·赵奢列传》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-六穀-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-六穀_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">六穀见于《周礼·膳夫》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-九穀-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-九穀_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">九穀见于《周礼》的《大宰》和《仓人》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《战国策·燕》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=?SUBJECT_ID:300018378">藝術與建築索引典—戰國時代</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111201155619/http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=%3FSUBJECT_ID%3A300018378">存檔</a>,存档日期2011-12-01. 於2011 年3 月18 日查閱</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sansom, George B. 2005. <i>A History of Japan: 1334-1615</i>. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle Publishing.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="编辑章节:来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <dl><dt>书籍</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%AF%AC" title="楊寬">杨宽</a>(2003). 《<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="战国史">战国史</a>》. 上海:上海人民出版社. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7208045372" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-208-04537-2</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相關多媒體資源:<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="extiw" title="commons:戰國時代">战国时期</a>(<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Warring_States_Period" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Warring States Period">分類</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="编辑章节:参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_dragon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/China_dragon.svg/32px-China_dragon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" 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width="30%" align="center"><small>前朝</small>:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝">周朝</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%91%A8" title="东周">东周</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="春秋时期">春秋时期</a></b> </td> <td width="40%" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%9D%E4%BB%A3" title="中国朝代">中国朝代</a></b> </td> <td width="30%" align="center"><small>后朝</small>:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D" title="秦朝">秦朝</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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title="Special:编辑页面/Template:周代諸侯列國"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="周朝諸侯列國" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝">周朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="周朝諸侯國列表">諸侯列國</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8" title="西周">西周</a>及東周<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="春秋时期">春秋时期</a>諸侯國<br />(<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D1046%E5%B9%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="前1046年">前1046年</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D453%E5%B9%B4" title="前453年">前453年</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">周王畿</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝">周 (王)</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">重要諸侯國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">鲁国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9C%E9%BD%90" title="姜齐">齐国(姜齐国) (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="晋国">晋国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9B%BD" title="秦国">秦国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9B%BD" title="楚国">楚国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="宋国">宋国 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%BD" title="卫国">卫国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%9B%BD" title="陈国">陈国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%9C%8B" title="蔡國">蔡国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="曹國">曹国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="鄭國">郑国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD" title="燕国">燕国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%9B%BD" title="吴国">吴国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="越國">越国 (子)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">畿內諸侯國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%86%E5%9C%8B" title="酆國">酆國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%9B%BD" title="温国">溫國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%9C%8B" title="劉國">劉國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%A3%E5%9B%BD" title="荣国">榮國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E5%9C%8B" title="甘國">甘國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="樊國">樊國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="尹國">尹國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%82%91" title="周邑">周國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%8F%94%E5%9B%BD" title="王叔国">王叔國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%BD" title="原国">原國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="召國">召國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%9B%BD" title="单国">單國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="詹國">詹國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A9%E5%9B%BD" title="巩国">鞏國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%9C%8B" title="毛國">毛國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E5%9B%BD" title="毕国">畢國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E5%9C%8B" title="應國">應國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="邢国">井國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%AA%86%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大骆国">大骆国 (侯)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於河南省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%9B%BD" title="江国">江国 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%9B%BD" title="单国">檀國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="殷国">殷國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD" title="南燕国">南燕國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A2%E9%99%B5%E5%8E%BF" title="鄢陵县">鄢國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%9B%BD" title="密国">密国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A7%AC%E5%A7%93)" title="胡國 (姬姓)">胡國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="焦國">焦國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%9C%8B" title="共國">共國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E5%9B%BD" title="凡国">凡國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E5%9B%BD" title="葛国">葛國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%99%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="东虢国">东虢国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9E%E5%9C%8B" title="杞國">杞國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="謝國">謝國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E5%9C%8B" title="申國">申國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%8B" title="息國">息國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%9B%BD" title="黄国">黃國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%9B%BD" title="吕国">呂國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%B6%E5%9C%8B" title="鄶國">郐国 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%9B%BD" title="戴国">戴國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%BC%E5%9B%BD" title="蓼国">蓼國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%BC%E5%9B%BD" title="蓼国">繆國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%AA%E5%9B%BD" title="番国">番国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%9C%8B" title="光國">光國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%AA%E5%9B%BD" title="偪国">偪国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="弦國">弦國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%91%E5%9C%8B" title="滑國">滑國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%98%E5%9B%BD" title="邘国">邘國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E5%9C%8B" title="蔣國">蔣國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B6%E5%9C%8B" title="邶國">邶国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B8%E5%9B%BD" title="庸国">鄘国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%AD%E5%9B%BD" title="祭国">祭國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%9C%8B" title="道國">道国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E5%9B%BD" title="柏国">柏國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%99%E5%9B%BD" title="胙国">胙国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%8D%E5%9B%BD" title="雍国">雍国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%85%E5%9C%8B" title="項國">项国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%93%E5%9C%8B" title="頓國">頓國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E5%9B%BD" title="管国">管國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%92%E5%9C%8B" title="姒國">姒国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%90%E5%9C%8B" title="蓐國">蓐国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%BF%E5%9C%8B" title="房國">房國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E8%8E%98%E6%B0%8F" title="有莘氏">莘國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E5%9B%BD" title="许国">許國 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%95%E9%9F%A6" title="豕韦">韋國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%BE%B9" title="不羹">東不羹國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%BE%B9" title="不羹">西不羹國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%B4%E5%9C%8B" title="賴國">賴國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="養國">養國 (伯)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於山東省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="祝國">祝国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%82%E5%A7%93" title="聂姓">聶國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA%E5%9B%BD" title="纪国">紀國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%85%E5%9B%BD" title="鄅国">鄅國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%BE%E5%9B%BD" title="邾国">邾國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%92%E5%9B%BD" title="莒国">莒國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%91%E5%9B%BD" title="向国">向國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E5%9C%8B" title="極國">极国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%BF%E5%9C%8B" title="邿國">邿国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%95%E5%9B%BD" title="滕国">滕國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E5%9B%BD" title="薛国">薛國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%B3%E5%9C%8B" title="郳國">郳國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%AB%E5%9C%8B" title="濫國">滥国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AF%E5%9B%BD" title="郯国">郯國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%9F%E5%9B%BD" title="鄟国">鄟国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%95%E5%9B%BD" title="郕国">郕國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="宿国">宿國 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%9A%E5%9C%8B" title="譚國">譚國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%82%E5%9B%BD" title="遂国">遂国 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E5%8F%A5%E5%9C%8B" title="須句國">須句國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AB%E5%9B%BD" title="鄫国">鄫國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A3%E5%9B%BD" title="鄣国">鄣国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="淳于国">淳于國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%9C%E5%9C%8B" title="郜國">郜國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%85%E5%9C%8B" title="茅國">茅國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BB%E5%9C%8B" title="任國">任国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B3%E5%9B%BD" title="邳国">邳国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9F%E5%9C%8B" title="牟國">牟國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E7%89%9F%E5%9C%8B" title="根牟國">根牟国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BC%E9%A4%98%E9%82%B1%E5%9C%8B" title="於餘邱國">于馀邱国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%9B%BD" title="偪阳国">偪陽國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="郭國">郭國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%93%E8%87%BE%E5%9C%8B" title="顓臾國">顓臾國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B8%E5%9B%BD" title="铸国">铸国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%9B%BD" title="阳国">陽國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="费国">费国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E5%A7%93" title="諸姓">諸國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="介國">介国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%9A%E5%9B%BD" title="阚国">阚国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E5%9B%BD" title="过国">过国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="莱国">萊國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="戎國">戎国 (子)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於河北省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A4%E7%AB%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="孤竹国">孤竹国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="中山国">中山国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="邢国">邢國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B)" title="肥國 (春秋)">肥国 (侯)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於山西省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%99%A2%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="西虢國">西虢國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%99%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="西虢国">北虢國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%80%E5%9B%BD" title="荀国">荀国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9E%E5%9B%BD" title="虞国">虞國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9C%8B_(%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E8%87%B3%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B)" title="魏國 (西周至春秋)">魏國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E5%9B%BD" title="贾国">賈國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%9B%BD" title="霍国">霍國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%BF%E5%9C%8B" title="耿國">耿国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="楊國">楊國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%97%E5%9C%8B" title="倗國">倗國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B8%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF)" title="霸國 (山西)">霸國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%80%E5%9B%BD" title="冀国">冀国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%9C%8B" title="黎國">黎國 (侯)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於陝西省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%86%E5%9C%8B" title="酆國">酆國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="樊國">樊國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%9F%8E" title="周城">周國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="召國">召國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="詹國">詹國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%9C%8B" title="毛國">毛國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E5%9B%BD" title="毕国">畢國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="邢国">井国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="梁国 (春秋)">梁國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AE%E5%9B%BD" title="芮国">北芮国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AE%E5%9B%BD" title="芮国">南芮国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%99%A2%E5%9C%8B" title="小虢國">小虢国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%87%E5%9B%BD" title="崇国">崇国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD_(%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8)" title="韩国 (西周)">韓國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%9C%8B" title="杜國">杜國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%9D%E5%A7%93" title="郝姓">郝国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E9%A1%BB" title="密须">密须国 (伯)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於湖北省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B8%E5%9B%BD" title="庸国">庸国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9B%BD" title="鄂国">鄂國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%9B%BD_(%E5%A7%AC%E5%A7%93)" title="曾国 (姬姓)">曾國(随国) (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%9C%8B" title="唐國">唐國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E5%9B%BD" title="邓国">鄧國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="卢国">卢国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%9B%BD" title="罗国">羅國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%94%E5%9C%8B" title="夔國">夔國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%80%E5%9B%BD" title="鄀国">鄀國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%AB%E5%9C%8B" title="軫國">轸国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%9B%BD" title="权国">權國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%96%E5%9C%8B" title="鄖國">鄖國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%9E%E5%9C%8B" title="絞國">绞国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%B4%E5%9C%8B" title="賴國">赖国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%BE%E5%9C%8B" title="鄾國">鄾國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%AA%E5%90%9B" title="廪君">廩國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%87%E5%9B%BD" title="麇国">麇国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E5%9C%8B" title="穀國">穀國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B3%E5%9C%8B" title="貳國">贰国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E%E5%9B%BD" title="州国">州國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%83%E5%9B%BD" title="聃国">聃国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="陰國">阴国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%BB%83%E5%9C%8B" title="西黃國">西黃國</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於安徽省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E5%9B%BD" title="沈国">沈國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B_(%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B)" title="六國 (諸侯國)">六國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B_(%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B)" title="英國 (諸侯國)">英國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%90%E5%9C%8B" title="桐國">桐国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="萧国">蕭國 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%9B%BD" title="舒国">舒國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%BA%B8%E5%9B%BD" title="舒庸国">舒庸国 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E9%B3%A9%E5%9C%8B" title="舒鳩國">舒鸠国 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E8%93%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="舒蓼國">舒蓼国 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%9B%BD" title="舒国">舒龍國 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%9B%BD" title="舒国">舒龔國 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%9B%BD" title="舒国">舒鮑國 (男)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%9C%8B" title="宗國">宗国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A2%E5%9B%BD" title="巢国">巢國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%90%E5%9C%8B" title="桐國">皖國 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="廬國">廬國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BA%E7%A6%BB%E5%9B%BD" title="锺离国">鍾離國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E%E4%BE%86%E5%9C%8B" title="州來國">州來國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%9C%8B" title="胡國">南胡國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E7%AB%A0%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="越章国">越章国 (子)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於江蘇省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%9B%BD" title="徐国">徐國 (侯)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%97%E5%9B%BD" title="邗国">邗国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BA%E5%90%BE%E5%9B%BD" title="锺吾国">鍾吾國 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%9B%BD" title="彭国">彭国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E5%A5%84" title="商奄">奄国 (公)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於重庆市</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9B%BD" title="巴国">巴国 (子)</a> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%BC%E5%9B%BD" title="鱼国">鱼国 (子)</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位於四川省</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%9C%80" title="古蜀">蜀国(杜宇朝) (帝)</a> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%98%8E_(%E8%9C%80%E5%9B%BD)" title="开明 (蜀国)">蜀国(开明朝) (帝)</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">東周<br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">戰國時期</a>諸侯國<br />(<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D453%E5%B9%B4" title="前453年">前453年</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D221%E5%B9%B4" title="前221年">前221年</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">周王畿</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝">周 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E5%9B%BD" title="西周国">西周國 (公)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%91%A8%E5%9B%BD" title="东周国">東周國 (君)</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要諸侯王</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E9%BD%90" title="田齐">齐国(田齐国) (王)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9B%BD" title="魏国">魏国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" title="韩国 (战国)">韩国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%9B%BD" title="赵国">赵国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9B%BD" title="秦国">秦国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9B%BD" title="楚国">楚国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD" title="燕国">燕国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9C%8B" title="越國">越国 (王)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他諸侯國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9C%E9%BD%90" title="姜齐">齐国(姜齐国) (公)</a>(<small>前379年</small>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A3%E4%BA%A1" title="陣亡"><span style="font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,&#39;Old English Text MT&#39;,serif"><b>&#8224;</b></span></a>) <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="晋国">晋国 (公)</a>(<small>前376年</small>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A3%E4%BA%A1" title="陣亡"><span style="font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,&#39;Old English Text MT&#39;,serif"><b>&#8224;</b></span></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">鲁国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="宋国">宋国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%BD" title="卫国">卫国 (君)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%9C%8B" title="蔡國">蔡国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="鄭國">郑国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="中山国">中山国 (王)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B3%E5%9B%BD" title="邳国">邳国 (侯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9E%E5%9C%8B" title="杞國">杞国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E5%9B%BD" title="薛国">薛国 (伯)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%BE%E5%9B%BD" title="邾国">邾国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%B3%E5%9C%8B" title="郳國">郳国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%95%E5%9B%BD" title="滕国">滕国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%92%E5%9B%BD" title="莒国">莒国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BB%E5%9C%8B" title="任國">任国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AF%E5%9B%BD" title="郯国">郯国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="费国">费国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9B%BD" title="巴国">巴国 (子)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%99%B5%E5%9C%8B" title="安陵國">安陵国 (君)</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">周体系外</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%98%8E_(%E8%9C%80%E5%9B%BD)" title="开明 (蜀国)">蜀国(开明朝) (帝)</a>(<small>前316年</small>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A3%E4%BA%A1" title="陣亡"><span style="font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,&#39;Old English Text MT&#39;,serif"><b>&#8224;</b></span></a>) <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B4%E5%9C%8B" title="苴國">苴国 (侯)</a>(<small>前316年</small>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A3%E4%BA%A1" title="陣亡"><span style="font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,&#39;Old English Text MT&#39;,serif"><b>&#8224;</b></span></a>)</li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="秦灭六国之战" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="Template:秦灭六国之战"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:秦灭六国之战(页面不存在)"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E6%A5%9A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅楚之戰">秦滅楚之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E7%87%95%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅燕之戰">秦滅燕之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E9%BD%8A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅齊之戰">秦滅齊之戰</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%9B%BD" title="秦国">秦国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87" title="秦始皇">秦王政</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%AF" title="李斯">李斯</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%89%E7%BC%AD" title="尉缭">尉缭</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E5%8F%B2%E9%A8%B0" title="內史騰">內史騰</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%BF%A6" title="王翦">王翦</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E9%BD%AE" title="桓齮">桓齮</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%B3%81" title="王賁">王賁</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E4%BF%A1" title="李信">李信</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC" title="蒙恬">蒙恬</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%AD%A6" title="蒙武">蒙武</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E7%AB%AF%E5%92%8C" title="楊端和">楊端和</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" title="韩国 (战国)">韩国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89" title="韓王安">韓王安</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%9B%BD" title="赵国">赵国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%89%A7" title="李牧">李牧</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%B9%BD%E7%B9%86%E7%8E%8B" title="趙幽繆王">趙幽繆王</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%8E%8B%E5%98%89" title="代王嘉">公子嘉</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%88%E8%BE%84" title="扈辄">扈辄</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9B%BD" title="魏国">魏国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%8E%8B%E5%81%87" title="魏王假">魏王假</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E5%9B%BD" title="楚国">楚国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E7%87%95" title="项燕">项燕</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E7%8E%8B%E8%B2%A0%E8%8A%BB" title="楚王負芻">楚王負芻</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%90%9B" title="昌平君">昌平君</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E5%9B%BD" title="燕国">燕国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E7%8E%8B%E5%96%9C" title="燕王喜">燕王喜</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%B9" title="太子丹">太子丹</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%86%E8%BD%B2" title="荆轲">荆轲</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E5%9B%BD" title="齐国">齐国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E7%8E%8B%E5%BB%BA" title="齊王建">齊王建</a> · <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E8%83%9C" title="后胜">后胜</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="戰國历史事件" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:戰國歷史事件"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template talk:戰國歷史事件"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:戰國歷史事件"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="戰國历史事件" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">戰國</a>历史事件</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">前期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%86%E6%99%8B" title="三家分晋">三家分晋</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%9B%BD" title="赵国">赵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E5%9B%BD" title="魏国">魏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" title="韩国 (战国)">韩</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB" title="士大夫">士人崛起</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%82%9D%E5%8F%98%E6%B3%95" title="李悝变法">李悝变法</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" title="河西之战 (战国)">河西之战(前期)</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%BB%85%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="魏滅中山之戰">魏滅中山之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%99%89%E4%BC%90%E9%BD%8A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="三晉伐齊之戰">三晉伐齊之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%B5%B7%E5%8F%98%E6%B3%95" title="吴起变法">吴起变法</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E6%99%89%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="陰晉之戰">陰晉之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E8%BF%81%E9%83%BD%E9%82%AF%E9%83%B8" title="赵迁都邯郸">赵迁都邯郸</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E6%B0%8F%E4%BB%A3%E9%BD%90" title="田氏代齐">田氏代齐</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%83%E9%9B%84" title="战国七雄">战国七雄</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%97%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E8%AF%B8%E4%BE%AF" title="泗上十二诸侯">泗上十二诸侯</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%98%E8%92%B2%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="棘蒲之戰">棘蒲之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%BB%85%E9%84%AD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="韓滅鄭之戰">韓滅鄭之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%BE%A4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="濁澤之戰">濁澤之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD)" title="河西之战 (战国)">河西之战(后期)</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8D%E5%8C%97%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="浍北之战">浍北之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> 周分<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%91%A8%E5%9B%BD" title="东周国">东</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E5%9B%BD" title="西周国">西</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E9%9E%85%E5%8F%98%E6%B3%95" title="商鞅变法">商鞅变法</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AF%E9%83%B8%E4%B9%8B%E9%9A%BE" title="邯郸之难">邯郸之难</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%82%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="桂陵之战">桂陵之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="馬陵之戰">馬陵之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E%E7%9B%B8%E7%8E%8B" title="徐州相王">徐州相王</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">中期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E7%B8%B1" title="合縱">合縱</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E6%A9%AB_(%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5)" title="連橫 (外交策略)">连横</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E4%B8%98%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="桑丘之戰">桑丘之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%9C%8B%E7%9B%B8%E7%8E%8B" title="五國相王">五國相王</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BD%E8%B0%B7%E5%85%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(%E5%89%8D318%E5%B9%B4)" title="函谷关之战 (前318年)">函谷关之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E6%BE%A4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="觀澤之戰">觀澤之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E5%B7%B4%E8%9C%80%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅巴蜀之戰">秦滅巴蜀之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E6%B8%A0" title="义渠">秦灭义渠</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E7%A0%B4%E7%87%95%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="齐破燕之战">齐破燕之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%98%B3%E3%80%81%E8%93%9D%E7%94%B0%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="丹阳、蓝田之战">丹阳、蓝田之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E9%BC%8E" title="九鼎">争夺九鼎</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B7%E4%B8%8B%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%AE" title="稷下學宮">稷下學宮</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E5%AD%90%E7%99%BE%E5%AE%B6" title="诸子百家">诸子百家</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%9C%8D%E9%A8%8E%E5%B0%84" title="胡服騎射">胡服騎射</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E9%99%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="宜陽之戰">宜陽之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E6%BB%85%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="趙滅中山之戰">趙滅中山之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E7%A0%B4%E8%B6%8A" title="楚破越">楚破越之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%82%E6%B2%99%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="垂沙之戰">垂沙之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%84%E8%B9%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="庄蹻">庄蹻起事</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BD%E8%B0%B7%E9%97%9C%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0_(%E5%89%8D298%E5%B9%B4)" title="函谷關之戰 (前298年)">三国攻秦之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="沙丘之乱">沙丘之乱</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%98%99%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="伊阙之战">伊阙之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E7%A7%A6%E4%BA%92%E5%B8%9D" title="齊秦互帝">齊秦互帝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E6%BB%85%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="齊滅宋之戰">齊滅宋之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="濟西之戰">濟西之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E5%A2%A8%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="即墨之戰">田单复国</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%94%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="黔中之戰">黔中之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%86%E7%9B%B8%E5%92%8C" title="将相和">将相和</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E7%92%A7%E6%AD%B8%E8%B6%99" title="完璧歸趙">完璧歸趙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A0%E6%B1%A0%E4%B9%8B%E6%9C%83" title="澠池之會">澠池之會</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A0%E8%8D%8A%E8%AB%8B%E7%BD%AA" title="負荊請罪">負荊請罪</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E5%9B%BD" title="薛国">齐魏灭薛</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A2%E9%83%A2%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="鄢郢之戰">鄢郢之戰</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E8%BE%9E" title="楚辞">楚辞</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E4%BA%A4%E8%BF%91%E6%94%BB" title="遠交近攻">遠交近攻</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E9%99%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="華陽之戰">華陽之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%96%BC%E8%88%87%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="閼與之戰">閼與之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E7%A0%B4%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="趙破匈奴之戰">趙破匈奴之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%98%E5%9F%8E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="陘城之戰">陘城之戰</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">後期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%90" title="战国四公子">战国四公子</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%B9%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="长平之战">长平之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AF%E9%83%B8%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="邯郸之战">邯郸之战</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%AF%E9%83%B8%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98#窃符救赵" title="邯郸之战">窃符救赵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E4%BB%B2%E8%BF%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="鲁仲连">义不帝秦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E8%B5%A7%E7%8E%8B" title="周赧王">债台高筑</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E6%BB%85%E9%AD%AF%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="楚滅魯之戰">楚滅魯之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E5%91%A8" title="秦灭周">秦灭周</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%97%E4%BB%A3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="鄗代之战">鄗代之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%B1%9F%E5%A0%B0" title="都江堰">都江堰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%B8%A0" title="郑国渠">郑国渠</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%96%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="河外之战">河外之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BD%E8%B0%B7%E9%97%9C%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0_(%E5%89%8D241%E5%B9%B4)" title="函谷關之戰 (前241年)">五国攻秦之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%AB%E9%80%90%E5%AE%A2%E6%9B%B8" title="諫逐客書">諫逐客書</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%81%AD%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦灭六国之战">秦灭六国之战</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0_(%E5%89%8D236%E5%B9%B4)" title="鄴之戰 (前236年)">秦攻赵邺之战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%B5%B5%E5%B9%B3%E9%98%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦赵平阳之战">秦赵平阳之战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="肥之战">秦赵肥之战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%AA%E5%90%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="番吾之战">秦赵番吾之战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E9%9F%93%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅韓之戰">秦滅韓之戰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E8%B6%99%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅趙之戰">秦滅趙之戰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E9%AD%8F%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅魏之戰">秦滅魏之戰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%86%E8%BD%B2" title="荆轲">荆轲</a>刺<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87" title="秦始皇">秦王</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E6%A5%9A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅楚之戰">秦滅楚之戰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E7%87%95%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅燕之戰">秦滅燕之戰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%BB%85%E9%BD%8A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="秦滅齊之戰">秦滅齊之戰</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding: 0px"><div><div style="background-color:#8B2323;font-weight:bold;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="中国历史年表"><span style="color:white">中國歷史事件</span></a></div> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%82%B3%E7%96%91%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:中國傳疑時代歷史事件">傳疑時代</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:夏朝歷史事件">夏朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:商朝歷史事件">商朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:西周歷史事件">西周</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ 東周(<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:春秋歷史事件">春秋</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b>戰國</b>)</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:秦朝歷史事件">秦朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:漢朝歷史事件">漢朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:三國歷史事件">三國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%99%89%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:晉朝歷史事件">晉朝</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:五胡十六國歷史事件">十六國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:南北朝歷史事件">南北朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:隋朝歷史事件">隋朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:唐朝歷史事件">唐朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:五代十國歷史事件">五代十國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:宋朝歷史事件">宋朝</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%81%BC%E9%87%91%E5%A4%8F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:遼金夏歷史事件">遼金夏</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:元朝歷史事件">元朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:明朝歷史事件">明朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:清朝歷史事件">清朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期">中華民國</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐thrbb Cached time: 20241124090353 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.721 seconds Real time usage: 0.951 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5412/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 170030/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 23977/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 28/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 61539/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.220/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4070316/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 625.173 1 -total 28.15% 175.955 5 Template:Navbox 14.56% 91.001 1 Template:中國歷史 13.39% 83.681 21 Template:Ifeqany 12.41% 77.590 21 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