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href="#Istorie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istorie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istorie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Istorie subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istorie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perioada_timpurie_(secolele_IV-VIII_d.Hr)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_timpurie_(secolele_IV-VIII_d.Hr)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Perioada timpurie (secolele IV-VIII d.Hr)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_timpurie_(secolele_IV-VIII_d.Hr)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioada_dinastiilor_macedonenilor_și_comnenilor_(secolele_IX-XII)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_dinastiilor_macedonenilor_și_comnenilor_(secolele_IX-XII)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Perioada dinastiilor macedonenilor și comnenilor (secolele IX-XII)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_dinastiilor_macedonenilor_și_comnenilor_(secolele_IX-XII)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perioada_Renașterii_Paleoloage_(XII-XV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perioada_Renașterii_Paleoloage_(XII-XV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Perioada Renașterii Paleoloage (XII-XV)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perioada_Renașterii_Paleoloage_(XII-XV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moștenire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moștenire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Moștenire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moștenire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monumente_bizantine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monumente_bizantine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Monumente bizantine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monumente_bizantine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arhitectura bizantină</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 52 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisantynse_argitektuur" title="Bisantynse argitektuur – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bisantynse argitektuur" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="عمارة بيزنطية – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عمارة بيزنطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquiteutura_bizantina" title="Arquiteutura bizantina – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arquiteutura bizantina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizans_memarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Bizans memarlığı – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bizans memarlığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Византия архитектураһы – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Византия архитектураһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Візантыйская архітэктура – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Візантыйская архітэктура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Византийска архитектура – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Византийска архитектура" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizantijska_arhitektura" title="Bizantijska arhitektura – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bizantijska arhitektura" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquitectura_romana_d%27Orient" title="Arquitectura romana d'Orient – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arquitectura romana d'Orient" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantsk%C3%A1_architektura" title="Byzantská architektura – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Byzantská architektura" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantinsk_arkitektur" title="Byzantinsk arkitektur – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Byzantinsk arkitektur" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantinische_Architektur" title="Byzantinische Architektur – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Byzantinische Architektur" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%85%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Βυζαντινή αρχιτεκτονική – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βυζαντινή αρχιτεκτονική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_architecture" title="Byzantine architecture – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Byzantine architecture" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizanca_arkitekturo" title="Bizanca arkitekturo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bizanca arkitekturo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquitectura_bizantina" title="Arquitectura bizantina – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arquitectura bizantina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizantziar_arkitektura" title="Bizantziar arkitektura – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bizantziar arkitektura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="معماری بیزانسی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="معماری بیزانسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bysantin_arkkitehtuuri" title="Bysantin arkkitehtuuri – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bysantin arkkitehtuuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_byzantine" title="Architecture byzantine – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Architecture byzantine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquitectura_bizantina" title="Arquitectura bizantina – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arquitectura bizantina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אדריכלות ביזנטית – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אדריכלות ביזנטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizantska_arhitektura" title="Bizantska arhitektura – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bizantska arhitektura" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biz%C3%A1nci_%C3%A9p%C3%ADt%C3%A9szet" title="Bizánci építészet – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bizánci építészet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բյուզանդիայի ճարտարապետություն – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բյուզանդիայի ճարտարապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsitektur_Romawi_Timur" title="Arsitektur Romawi Timur – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arsitektur Romawi Timur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architettura_bizantina" title="Architettura bizantina – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Architettura bizantina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%B6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="ビザンティン建築 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビザンティン建築" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ბიზანტიური არქიტექტურა – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბიზანტიური არქიტექტურა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%9E%94%ED%8B%B4_%EA%B1%B4%EC%B6%95" title="비잔틴 건축 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비잔틴 건축" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Византиска архитектура – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Византиска архитектура" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="ബൈസന്റൈൻ വാസ്തുവിദ്യ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബൈസന്റൈൻ വാസ്തുവിദ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantijnse_architectuur" title="Byzantijnse architectuur – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Byzantijnse architectuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bysantinsk_arkitektur" title="Bysantinsk arkitektur – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bysantinsk arkitektur" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bysantinsk_arkitektur" title="Bysantinsk arkitektur – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bysantinsk arkitektur" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architektura_bizanty%C5%84ska" title="Architektura bizantyńska – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Architektura bizantyńska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquitetura_bizantina" title="Arquitetura bizantina – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arquitetura bizantina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Архитектура Византии – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Архитектура Византии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_architecture" title="Byzantine architecture – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Byzantine architecture" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantsk%C3%A1_architekt%C3%BAra" title="Byzantská architektúra – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Byzantská architektúra" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizantinska_arhitektura" title="Bizantinska arhitektura – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bizantinska arhitektura" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Византијска архитектура – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Византијска архитектура" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bysantinsk_arkitektur" title="Bysantinsk arkitektur – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bysantinsk arkitektur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="பைசண்டைன் கட்டிடக்கலை – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பைசண்டைன் கட்டிடக்கலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="สถาปัตยกรรมไบแซนไทน์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สถาปัตยกรรมไบแซนไทน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkitekturang_Bisantino" title="Arkitekturang Bisantino – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Arkitekturang Bisantino" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizans_mimarisi" title="Bizans mimarisi – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bizans mimarisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Візантійська архітектура – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Візантійська архітектура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%E1%BA%BFn_tr%C3%BAc_Byzantine" title="Kiến trúc Byzantine – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kiến trúc Byzantine" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkitektura_Bizantina" title="Arkitektura Bizantina – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Arkitektura Bizantina" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks hlist" style="float:right;clear:right;width:18em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;color:var(--color-base, #000) !important;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Bizantin" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiul Bizantin">Cultura bizantină</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg/170px-Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg/255px-Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg/340px-Byzantine_church_in_Nahariya_-_Peacocks_Mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="763" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristocra%C8%9Bie_%C8%99i_birocra%C8%9Bie_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristocrație și birocrație bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Aristocrația și birocrația</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armata_bizantin%C4%83" title="Armata bizantină">Armata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arta_bizantin%C4%83" title="Arta bizantină">Arta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arhitectur%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arhitectură bizantină">Arhitectura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_bizantin%C4%83" title="Era bizantină">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Numismatica_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Numismatica bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Numismatica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buc%C4%83t%C4%83ria_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bucătăria bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Bucătăria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dansul_bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dansul bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Dansul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diploma%C8%9Bia_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diplomația bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Diplomația</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Embr%C4%83c%C4%83mintea_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Îmbrăcămintea bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Îmbrăcămintea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Economia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C4%83dini_bizantine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grădini bizantine — pagină inexistentă">Grădini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drept_bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drept bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Drept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limba_greac%C4%83_medieval%C4%83" title="Limba greacă medievală">Limba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literatura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literatura bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Literatura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medicina_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medicina bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Medicina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzica_bizantin%C4%83" title="Muzica bizantină">Muzica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flota_bizantin%C4%83" title="Flota bizantină">Flota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greci_bizantini" title="Greci bizantini">Populația</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Știința bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Știința</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Cultur%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83" title="Format:Cultură bizantină"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Cultur%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Cultură bizantină — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Cultur%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Hagia_Sophia,_Trabzon.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hagia_Sophia%2C_Trabzon.JPG/300px-Hagia_Sophia%2C_Trabzon.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hagia_Sophia%2C_Trabzon.JPG/450px-Hagia_Sophia%2C_Trabzon.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hagia_Sophia%2C_Trabzon.JPG/600px-Hagia_Sophia%2C_Trabzon.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2895" data-file-height="2233" /></a><figcaption>Biserica <i>Hagia Sofia</i> din <a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trabzon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Arhitectura bizantină</b> este stilul arhitectonic dezvoltat în cadrul <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Imperiului Bizantin</a>. Această terminologie este folosită pentru a desemna arhitectura medievală din partea de răsărit a <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman" title="Imperiul Roman">Imperiului Roman</a>, deoarece a evoluat ca o entitate artistică și culturală distinctă având în centru noua capitală <a href="/wiki/Constantinopol" title="Constantinopol">Constantinopol</a>, spre deosebire de <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> și zona de apus a vechiului imperiu. Imperiul Bizantin, prin existența de mai bine de un mileniu, a influențat în mod dramatic dezvoltarea arhitecturii din <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> și din <a href="/wiki/Orientul_Apropiat" title="Orientul Apropiat">Orientul Apropiat</a>, devenind precursorul principal al <a href="/wiki/Arhitectura_renascentist%C4%83" title="Arhitectura renascentistă">arhitecturii renascentiste</a> și al celei <a href="/wiki/Arhitectura_otoman%C4%83" title="Arhitectura otomană">otomane</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istorie">Istorie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istorie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Istorie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_timpurie_(secolele_IV-VIII_d.Hr)"><span id="Perioada_timpurie_.28secolele_IV-VIII_d.Hr.29"></span>Perioada timpurie (secolele IV-VIII d.Hr)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada timpurie (secolele IV-VIII d.Hr)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada timpurie (secolele IV-VIII d.Hr)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg/250px-Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg/375px-Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg/500px-Basilica_of_San_Vitale_-_triumphal_arch_mosaics.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3448" data-file-height="4592" /></a><figcaption>Mozaic din <a href="/wiki/Bazilica_San_Vitale" title="Bazilica San Vitale">Bazilica San Vitale</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Arhitectura bizantină s-a manifestat în general prin construirea unor edificii religioase. După căderea <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_Apus" title="Imperiul Roman de Apus">Imperiului Roman de Apus</a> în anul 476, partea Răsăriteană a imperiului a supraviețuit suferind numeroase schimbări politice și teritoriale. Tot în acest timp au avut loc numeroase progrese tehnologice, ce s-au manifestat și în arhitectură, ducând treptat la dezvoltarea unui stil arhitectonic distinct față de cel roman. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:SantApollininner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/SantApollininner.jpg/250px-SantApollininner.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/SantApollininner.jpg/375px-SantApollininner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/SantApollininner.jpg/500px-SantApollininner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="467" /></a><figcaption>Interiorul Bazilicii Sant'Apollinare Nuovo din Ravenna.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cele mai multe modificări în domeniul arhitecturii au avut loc în timpul domniei împăratului <a href="/wiki/Iustinian_I_(cel_Mare)" class="mw-redirect" title="Iustinian I (cel Mare)">Iustinian cel Mare</a> (527-565). O primă inovație a fost modificarea planului bisericilor din cruce latină (cu brațele inegale) în cruce greacă (cu brațele egale). O altă inovație a survenit din necesitatea de a avea biserici mult mai spațioase și mai luminoase. Astfel, arhitecții bizantini din Epoca lui Iustinian au inventat tipul bazilicii cu cupolă folosind un sistem elaborat de pandantive și contraforturi care să mențină structura. O altă caracteristică a bisericilor din aceea perioadă este prezența încăperilor secundare, a ferestrelor multiple, a mozaicurilor bogate și a picturilor ce încarcă pereții din interior. Primele astfel de edifici au fost <a href="/wiki/Bazilica_San_Vitale" title="Bazilica San Vitale">Bazilica San Vitale din Ravenna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mica_Hagia_Sophia" title="Mica Hagia Sophia">Bazilica Sfinții Sergiu și Bacchus</a> și <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Irene" title="Hagia Irene">Hagia Irene</a> din Constantinopol. Tot în această perioadă a fost construită și cea mai mare capodoperă a arhitecturii bizantine, <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia_din_Istanbul" title="Hagia Sofia din Istanbul">Hagia Sofia</a> din Constantinopol, catedrală a <a href="/wiki/Patriarhia_Ecumenic%C4%83_de_Constantinopol" title="Patriarhia Ecumenică de Constantinopol">Patriarhiei de Constantinopol</a> și cea mai mare biserică din lume la acel moment. Printre edificiile laice construite sau renovate în această perioadă se număra <a href="/wiki/Marele_Palat_din_Constantinopol" title="Marele Palat din Constantinopol">Marele Palat din Constantinopol</a>, zidurile și fortificațiile de apărare ale orașului și <a href="/wiki/Cisterna_Basilic%C4%83" title="Cisterna Basilică">Palatul Scufundat</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg/200px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg/300px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg/400px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1582" data-file-height="2253" /></a><figcaption>Interiorul bisericii Hagia Irene.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_dinastiilor_macedonenilor_și_comnenilor_(secolele_IX-XII)"><span id="Perioada_dinastiilor_macedonenilor_.C8.99i_comnenilor_.28secolele_IX-XII.29"></span>Perioada dinastiilor macedonenilor și comnenilor (secolele IX-XII)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada dinastiilor macedonenilor și comnenilor (secolele IX-XII)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada dinastiilor macedonenilor și comnenilor (secolele IX-XII)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În aceasta perioadă a avut loc maturizarea culturii bizantine. S-au înregistrat, din <a href="/wiki/Caucaz" title="Caucaz">Caucaz</a> pâna în <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Balcanic%C4%83" title="Peninsula Balcanică">Peninsula Balcanică</a>, vii interferențe culturale și o remarcabilă circulație de valori estetice, care au creat arta ambianței bizantine. În această strălucită perioadă au fost construite edifici precum <a href="/wiki/Moscheea_Kariye" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscheea Kariye">Biserica Chora din Constantinopol</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hagia_Sofia_din_Trabzon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hagia Sofia din Trabzon — pagină inexistentă">Hagia Sofia din Trabzon</a>. </p><p>Această perioadă coincide cu misiunile pentru creștinarea slavilor, finalizate cu creștinarea sârbilor, bulgarilor și în final a rușilor. Populația slava a fost un puternic mediator care a transferat de la o zona geografica la alta categorii varitate de forme și concepții artistice. In afara lor, călugarii din <a href="/wiki/Asia_Mic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Mică">Asia Mică</a>, din <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> de sud și <a href="/wiki/Capadocia" class="mw-redirect" title="Capadocia">Capadocia</a> au călătorit spre Apus si au purtat cu ei semnele culturii bizantine. <a href="/wiki/Bazilica_San_Marco" class="mw-redirect" title="Bazilica San Marco">Bazilica San Marco</a> din <a href="/wiki/Vene%C8%9Bia" title="Veneția">Veneția</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catedrala_din_Torcello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catedrala din Torcello — pagină inexistentă">Catedrala din Torcello</a> se numără printre edificiile construite în această perioadă în <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Italic%C4%83" title="Peninsula Italică">Peninsula Italică</a> sub influență bizantină. Specifice acestei perioade sunt construcțiile de dimensiuni relativ mici, diametrul cupolei nedepășind de obicei 10 metri, în comparație cu bisericile din perioada anterioară. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perioada_Renașterii_Paleoloage_(XII-XV)"><span id="Perioada_Rena.C8.99terii_Paleoloage_.28XII-XV.29"></span>Perioada Renașterii Paleoloage (XII-XV)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Perioada Renașterii Paleoloage (XII-XV)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Perioada Renașterii Paleoloage (XII-XV)"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Împaratul Mihail al VIII-lea, intemeietorul ultimei dinastii bizantine, cea a Paleologilor, a reconstruit unitatea politica a Imperiului Bizantin. Totuși, statul intră în declin din cauza mai multor probleme de ordin economic și politic. Bulgaria și Serbia luptau pentru înființarea regatelor independente de imperiu. Turcii ocupaseră provinciile din Asia Mică, apoi toată Peninsula Balcanica, cucerind Serbia, Bulgaria, Grecia și în 1453 Constantinopolul. În arhitectura ecleziastică, în locul monumentalității, la fel ca și în perioada anterioară, iși face apariția construcția de dimensiuni mici precum și atmosfera discreta. Centrul de greutate al artei bizantine se mută de la Consantinopol la <a href="/wiki/Mistra" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistra">Mistra</a> și pe <a href="/wiki/Muntele_Athos" title="Muntele Athos">Muntele Athos</a>. </p><p>După căderea imperiului în anul 1453, arta și cultura bizantină va fi preluată de către statele din Balcani și de către <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>, unde vor fi construite numeroase biserici după modelul celor bizantine. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moștenire"><span id="Mo.C8.99tenire"></span>Moștenire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Moștenire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Moștenire"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moștenirea arhitecturii bizantine este de necontestat, mai ales în Peninsula Balcanică și în Rusia. În <a href="/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia">Grecia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A2nia" title="România">România</a> și Rusia există o serie de biserici în stil bizantin. <a href="/wiki/Arhitectura_islamic%C4%83" title="Arhitectura islamică">Arhitectura islamică</a>, mai ales arhitectura otomană, a fost influențată de construirea unor <a href="/wiki/Moschee" title="Moschee">moschei</a> după modelul bisericilor bizantine. în timpul <a href="/wiki/Rena%C8%99terea" title="Renașterea">Renașterii</a> din Europa secolelor XV-XVI au fost construite biserici inspirate de modelul celor bizantine. De asemenea, în secolul al XIX-lea a început <a href="/wiki/Arhitectur%C4%83_neobizantin%C4%83" title="Arhitectură neobizantină">Mișcarea Neobizantină</a>, ce promovează construirea unor edifici moderne în stil bizantin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monumente_bizantine">Monumente bizantine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Monumente bizantine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Monumente bizantine"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hagia Sofia, Istanbul, Turcia"><img alt="Hagia Sofia, Istanbul, Turcia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg/120px-20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg/180px-20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg/240px-20131202_Istanbul_045.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2976" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagia Sofia">Hagia Sofia</a>, Istanbul, Turcia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hagia Irene, Istanbul, Turcia"><img alt="Hagia Irene, Istanbul, Turcia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg/120px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg/180px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg/240px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hagia Irene, Istanbul, Turcia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Chora, Istanbul, Turcia"><img alt="Biserica Chora, Istanbul, Turcia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg/120px-Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg/180px-Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg/240px-Chora_Church_Constantinople_2007_panorama_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2460" data-file-height="1456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Biserica_Chora" title="Biserica Chora">Biserica Chora</a>, Istanbul, Turcia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Vitale, Ravenna, Italia"><img alt="San Vitale, Ravenna, Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg/120px-Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg/180px-Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg/240px-Ravenna-sanvitale05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">San Vitale, Ravenna, Italia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mănăstirea Bachkovo, Bulgaria"><img alt="Mănăstirea Bachkovo, Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg/120px-Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg/180px-Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg/240px-Bachkovo_Monastery_TB_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2625" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mănăstirea Bachkovo, Bulgaria</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia,_Bulgaria.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Sfânta Sofia din Sofia, Bulgaria"><img alt="Biserica Sfânta Sofia din Sofia, Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria.jpg/120px-Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria.jpg/180px-Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria.jpg/240px-Basilica_of_Hagia_Sofia%2C_Bulgaria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Biserica_Sf%C3%A2nta_Sofia_din_Sofia" title="Biserica Sfânta Sofia din Sofia">Biserica Sfânta Sofia din Sofia</a>, Bulgaria</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Rila_Monastery_(%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80)_-_by_Pudelek.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mănăstirea Rila, Bulgaria"><img alt="Mănăstirea Rila, Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rila_Monastery_%28%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%29_-_by_Pudelek.JPG/120px-Rila_Monastery_%28%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%29_-_by_Pudelek.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rila_Monastery_%28%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%29_-_by_Pudelek.JPG/180px-Rila_Monastery_%28%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%29_-_by_Pudelek.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rila_Monastery_%28%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%29_-_by_Pudelek.JPG/240px-Rila_Monastery_%28%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%29_-_by_Pudelek.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2885" data-file-height="2087" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83n%C4%83stirea_Rila" title="Mănăstirea Rila">Mănăstirea Rila</a>, Bulgaria</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Gracanica1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mănăstirea Gračanica, Pristina, Kosovo"><img alt="Mănăstirea Gračanica, Pristina, Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gracanica1.jpg/120px-Gracanica1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gracanica1.jpg/180px-Gracanica1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gracanica1.jpg/240px-Gracanica1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mănăstirea Gračanica, Pristina, Kosovo</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Biserica_Domneasca,_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Domnească, Argeş, România"><img alt="Biserica Domnească, Argeş, România" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Biserica_Domneasca%2C_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg/120px-Biserica_Domneasca%2C_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Biserica_Domneasca%2C_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg/180px-Biserica_Domneasca%2C_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Biserica_Domneasca%2C_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg/240px-Biserica_Domneasca%2C_Curtea_de_Arges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3703" data-file-height="2468" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biserica Domnească, Argeş, România</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Domnească, Târgovişte, România"><img alt="Biserica Domnească, Târgovişte, România" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG/120px-Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG/180px-Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG/240px-Biserica_domneasca_din_Targoviste.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biserica Domnească, Târgovişte, România</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Manastir_Studenica_(by_Pudelek).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mănăstirea Studenia, Kraljevo, Serbia"><img alt="Mănăstirea Studenia, Kraljevo, Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Manastir_Studenica_%28by_Pudelek%29.JPG/120px-Manastir_Studenica_%28by_Pudelek%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Manastir_Studenica_%28by_Pudelek%29.JPG/180px-Manastir_Studenica_%28by_Pudelek%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Manastir_Studenica_%28by_Pudelek%29.JPG/240px-Manastir_Studenica_%28by_Pudelek%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2956" data-file-height="2139" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mănăstirea Studenia, Kraljevo, Serbia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Pyatnitska, Chernigiv, Ucraina"><img alt="Biserica Pyatnitska, Chernigiv, Ucraina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg/80px-AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg/120px-AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg/160px-AX_Chernihiv_Pyatnytska_Church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biserica Pyatnitska, Chernigiv, Ucraina</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Procovul Maicii Domnului, Nerli, Rusia"><img alt="Biserica Procovul Maicii Domnului, Nerli, Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg/79px-Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg/118px-Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg/158px-Church_of_the_Protection_of_the_Theotokos_on_the_Nerl_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2850" data-file-height="4328" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biserica Procovul Maicii Domnului, Nerli, Rusia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Sfântul Vlas, Novgorod, Rusia"><img alt="Biserica Sfântul Vlas, Novgorod, Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg/84px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg/126px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg/168px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2092" data-file-height="2992" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biserica Sfântul Vlas, Novgorod, Rusia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Michael_smolensk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biserica Sfântul Mihail, Smolensk, Rusia"><img alt="Biserica Sfântul Mihail, Smolensk, Rusia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Michael_smolensk.jpg/83px-Michael_smolensk.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Michael_smolensk.jpg/124px-Michael_smolensk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Michael_smolensk.jpg/165px-Michael_smolensk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biserica Sfântul Mihail, Smolensk, Rusia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arta_bizantin%C4%83" title="Arta bizantină">Arta bizantină</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritul_bizantin" title="Ritul bizantin">Ritul bizantin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arhitectur%C4%83_neobizantin%C4%83" title="Arhitectură neobizantină">Arhitectură neobizantină</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Imperiul_Bizantin" title="Format:Imperiul Bizantin"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Imperiul_Bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Imperiul Bizantin — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Imperiul_Bizantin&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Imperiul Bizantin</a> (330–1453)</span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Bizantin#Organizarea_politică" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiul Bizantin">Administrare</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Constantinopol" title="Constantinopol">Capitala</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%AEmp%C4%83ra%C8%9Bilor_bizantini" title="Lista împăraților bizantini">Condu</a><a href="/wiki/Categorie:%C3%8Emp%C4%83ra%C8%9Bi_bizantini" title="Categorie:Împărați bizantini">cători</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Bizantin#Senatul" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiul Bizantin">Synkletos</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istoria_Imperiului_Bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istoria Imperiului Bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Istoria</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit#Origini" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Origini</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istoria_timpurie_a_Imperiului_Bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istoria timpurie a Imperiului Bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Istoria timpurie</a>· <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epoca_elenistic%C4%83_a_Imperiului_Bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epoca elenistică a Imperiului Bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Epoca elenistică</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rena%C8%99terea_macedonean%C4%83_a_Imperiului_Bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renașterea macedoneană a Imperiului Bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Renașterea macedoneană</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_Teodosian%C4%83" title="Dinastia Teodosiană">Dinastia Teodosiană</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_Comnen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinastia Comnen">Dinastia Comnen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Recucerirea_Constantinopolului" title="Recucerirea Constantinopolului">Recucerirea Constantinopolului</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_Paleolog" title="Dinastia Paleolog">Dinastia Paleolog</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/C%C4%83derea_Constantinopolului" title="Căderea Constantinopolului">Sfârșitul</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legea_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legea bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Legea</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Codexul_Teodosian" title="Codexul Teodosian">Codex Theodosianus</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Juris_Civilis" title="Corpus Juris Civilis">Corpus Juris Civilis</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecloga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecloga — pagină inexistentă">Ecloga</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilika — pagină inexistentă">Basilika</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hexabiblos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hexabiblos — pagină inexistentă">Hexabiblos</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center">Militar</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Armata_roman%C4%83" title="Armata romană">Armata romană</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Armata_bizantin%C4%83" title="Armata bizantină">Armata bizantină</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Flota_bizantin%C4%83" title="Flota bizantină">Flota bizantină</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Garda_Vareg%C4%83" title="Garda Varegă">Garda Varegă</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C4%83t%C4%83liile_Imperiului_Bizantin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bătăliile Imperiului Bizantin — pagină inexistentă">Bătăliile Imperiului Bizantin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboaiele_Imperiului_Bizantin" title="Războaiele Imperiului Bizantin"><b>Războaie</b></a> (<a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Gotic_(535-554)" title="Războiul Gotic (535-554)">Războiul Gotic</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboaiele_Bizantino-Sasanide" title="Războaiele Bizantino-Sasanide">Războaiele Bizantino-Sasanide</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboaiele_Bizantino-Bulgare" title="Războaiele Bizantino-Bulgare">Războaiele Bizantino-Bulgare</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboaiele_Bizantino-Arabe" title="Războaiele Bizantino-Arabe">Războaiele Bizantino-Arabe</a> (<a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboaiele_Bizantino-Arabe_(780%E2%80%931180)" title="Războaiele Bizantino-Arabe (780–1180)">după 780</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Bizantino%E2%80%93Maghiar_(1127%E2%80%931129)" title="Războiul Bizantino–Maghiar (1127–1129)">Războiul Bizantino–Maghiar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboaiele_Bizantino-Otomane" title="Războaiele Bizantino-Otomane">Războaiele Bizantino-Otomane</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center">Religie</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Biserica_Ortodox%C4%83" title="Biserica Ortodoxă">Biserica Ortodoxă</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ritul_bizantin" title="Ritul bizantin">Ritul bizantin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Patriarhia_Ecumenic%C4%83_de_Constantinopol" title="Patriarhia Ecumenică de Constantinopol">Patriarhia de Constantinopol</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Patriarh_al_Constantinopolului" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarh al Constantinopolului">Patriarhi</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Lista_Patriarhilor_Ecumenici_ai_Constantinopolului" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista Patriarhilor Ecumenici ai Constantinopolului">Listă de Patriarhi</a>)</i> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Iconoclasmul_bizantin" title="Iconoclasmul bizantin">Iconoclasmul bizantin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/Cultura_bizantin%C4%83" title="Cultura bizantină">Cultură</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Art%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Artă bizantină">Arta</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Literatur%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literatură bizantină — pagină inexistentă">Literatura</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Arhitectur%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Arhitectură bizantină">Arhitectura</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Muzic%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzică bizantină">Muzica</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center">State bizantine</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_de_la_Niceea" title="Imperiul de la Niceea">Imperiul de la Niceea</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Trapezuntului" title="Imperiul Trapezuntului">Imperiul Trapezuntului</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Despotatul_Epirului" title="Despotatul Epirului">Despotatul Epirului</a> (<a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Salonicului" title="Imperiul Salonicului">Imperiul Salonicului</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/Moned%C4%83_bizantin%C4%83" title="Monedă bizantină">Monedă</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Aspron" title="Aspron">Aspron</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Basilikon" title="Basilikon">Basilikon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Bezant" title="Bezant">Bezant</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Follis" title="Follis">Follis</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Hyperpyron" title="Hyperpyron">Hyperpyron</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Miliaresion" title="Miliaresion">Miliaresion</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Nomisma" title="Nomisma">Nomisma</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Nomisma_histamenon" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomisma histamenon">Nomisma histamenon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Nomisma_tetarteron" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomisma tetarteron">Nomisma tetarteron</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Semis" title="Semis">Semis</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Solidus" title="Solidus">Solidus</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a href="/wiki/Stavraton" title="Stavraton">Stavraton</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div class="center"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AC%C4%83utare&search=Imperiul+Bizantin%2C">Alte articole</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Lista_subiectelor_legate_de_Imperiul_Bizantin" title="Lista subiectelor legate de Imperiul Bizantin">Listă de articole‎</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bizan%C8%9Biu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bizanțiu">Bizanțiu</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Era_bizantin%C4%83" title="Era bizantină">Era bizantină</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Greci_bizantini" title="Greci bizantini">Greci bizantini</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cruciad%C4%83" title="Cruciadă">Cruciadă</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/List%C4%83_de_asedii_ale_Constantinopolului" title="Listă de asedii ale Constantinopolului">Listă de asedii ale Constantinopolului</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Porfirogenet" title="Porfirogenet">Porfirogenet</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sebastocrator" title="Sebastocrator">Sebastocrator</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Zidurile_Constantinopolului" title="Zidurile Constantinopolului">Zidurile Constantinopolului</a></div>  </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Imperiul_Bizantin" title="Portal:Imperiul Bizantin">Portal</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/EB1911_Capital_Fig._7.%E2%80%94Roman_Capital_from_the_Temple_of_Mars_Ultor%2C_Rome.jpg/34px-EB1911_Capital_Fig._7.%E2%80%94Roman_Capital_from_the_Temple_of_Mars_Ultor%2C_Rome.jpg" decoding="async" width="34" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/EB1911_Capital_Fig._7.%E2%80%94Roman_Capital_from_the_Temple_of_Mars_Ultor%2C_Rome.jpg/51px-EB1911_Capital_Fig._7.%E2%80%94Roman_Capital_from_the_Temple_of_Mars_Ultor%2C_Rome.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/EB1911_Capital_Fig._7.%E2%80%94Roman_Capital_from_the_Temple_of_Mars_Ultor%2C_Rome.jpg/68px-EB1911_Capital_Fig._7.%E2%80%94Roman_Capital_from_the_Temple_of_Mars_Ultor%2C_Rome.jpg 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="275" /></a></span></td><td><i> Acest articol din domeniul <a href="/wiki/Arhitectur%C4%83" title="Arhitectură">arhitecturii</a> este deocamdată un <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articolul_ciot_perfect" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Articolul ciot perfect">ciot</a>. Puteți <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:G%C4%83se%C8%99te_%C8%99i_repar%C4%83_un_ciot" title="Wikipedia:Găsește și repară un ciot">ajuta</a> Wikipedia prin <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantin%C4%83&action=edit">completarea sa</a> !</i></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantină&oldid=16449157">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arhitectura_bizantină&oldid=16449157</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cultura_bizantin%C4%83" title="Categorie:Cultura bizantină">Cultura bizantină</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Stiluri_arhitectonice" title="Categorie:Stiluri arhitectonice">Stiluri arhitectonice</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie ascunsă: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cioturi_Arhitectur%C4%83" title="Categorie:Cioturi Arhitectură">Cioturi Arhitectură</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 20 august 2024, ora 07:05.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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