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dyes</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: cationic dyes"> <meta name="keywords" content="cationic dyes"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cationic dyes"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 388</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cationic dyes</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">388</span> Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution by Regenerated Spent Bleaching Earth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20I.%20Shehab">Ahmed I. Shehab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabah%20M.%20Abdel%20Basir"> Sabah M. Abdel Basir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Abdel%20Khalek"> M. A. Abdel Khalek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Soliman"> M. H. Soliman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Elgemeie"> G. Elgemeie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spent bleaching earth (SBE) recycling and utilization as an adsorbent to eliminate dyes from aqueous solution was studied. Organic solvents and subsequent thermal treatment were carried out to recover and reactivate the SBE. The effect of pH, temperature, dye’s initial concentration, and contact time on the dye removal using recycled spent bleaching earth (RSBE) was investigated. Recycled SBE showed better removal affinity of cationic than anionic dyes. The maximum removal was achieved at pH 2 and 8 for anionic and cationic dyes, respectively. Kinetic data matched with the pseudo second-order model. The adsorption phenomenon governing this process was identified by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for anionic dye while Freundlich model represented the sorption process for cationic dye. The changes of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°), and entropy (ΔS°) were computed and compared through thermodynamic study for both dyes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spent%20bleaching%20earth" title="Spent bleaching earth">Spent bleaching earth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivation" title=" reactivation"> reactivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regeneration" title=" regeneration"> regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20treatment" title=" thermal treatment"> thermal treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20removal" title=" dye removal"> dye removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic" title=" thermodynamic"> thermodynamic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108660/dye-removal-from-aqueous-solution-by-regenerated-spent-bleaching-earth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">387</span> A Comparative Study of Photo and Electro-Fenton Reactions Efficiency in Degradation of Cationic Dyes Mixture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bouafia%20Chergui">S. Bouafia Chergui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihal%20Oturan"> Nihal Oturan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Khalaf"> Hussein Khalaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20A.%20Oturan"> Mehmet A. Oturan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work was to compare the degradation of a mixture of three cationic dyes by advanced oxidation processes (electro-Fenton, photo-Fenton) in aqueous solution. These processes are based on the in situ production of hydroxyl radical, a highly strong oxidant, which allows the degradation of organic pollutants until their mineralization into CO2 and H2O. Under optimal operating conditions, the evolution of total organic carbon (TOC) and electrical energy efficiency have been investigated for the two processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photo-fenton" title="photo-fenton">photo-fenton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-fenton" title=" electro-fenton"> electro-fenton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32037/a-comparative-study-of-photo-and-electro-fenton-reactions-efficiency-in-degradation-of-cationic-dyes-mixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">386</span> Powdered Beet Red Roots Using as Adsorbent to Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulali%20Bashir%20Ben%20Saleh">Abdulali Bashir Ben Saleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The powdered beet red roots (PBRR) were used as an adsorbent to remove dyes namely methylene blue dye (as a typical cationic or basic dye) from aqueous solutions. The present study shows that used beet red roots powder exhibit adsorption trend for the dye. The adsorption processes were carried out at various conditions of concentrations, processing time and a wide range of pH between 2.5-11. Adsorption isotherm equations such as Freundlich, and Langmuir were applied to calculate the values of respective constants. Adsorption study was found that the currently introduced adsorbent can be used to remove cationic dyes such as methylene blue from aqueous solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beet%20red%20root" title="beet red root">beet red root</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal%20of%20deys" title=" removal of deys"> removal of deys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylene%20blue" title=" methylene blue"> methylene blue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22809/powdered-beet-red-roots-using-as-adsorbent-to-removal-of-methylene-blue-dye-from-aqueous-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">385</span> Dyeing Cotton with Dyes Extracted from Eucalyptus and Mango Trees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamrat%20Tesfaye">Tamrat Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce%20Sithole"> Bruce Sithole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shabaridharan"> K. Shabaridharan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of natural dyes to replace synthetic dyes has been advocated for to circumvent the environmental problems associated with synthetic dyes. This paper is a preliminary study on the use of natural dyes extracted from eucalyptus and mango trees. Dyes extracted from eucalyptus bark gave more colourized material than the dyes extracted from eucalyptus leaves and mango pills and leaves. Additionally, the extracts exhibited a deeper colour shade. Cotton fiber dyed using the same dye but with different mordants resulted in fabric that exhibited different colours. It appears that natural dyes from these plants could be effective dyes for use on cotton fabrics especially considering that the dyes exhibited excellent colour fastness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title="natural dyes">natural dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mango" title=" mango"> mango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eucalyptus" title=" eucalyptus"> eucalyptus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mordants" title=" mordants"> mordants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour%20fastness" title=" colour fastness"> colour fastness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65021/dyeing-cotton-with-dyes-extracted-from-eucalyptus-and-mango-trees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">384</span> The Impact of Ionic Strength on the Adsorption Behavior of Anionic and Cationic Dyes on Low Cost Biosorbent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Bouguettoucha">Abdallah Bouguettoucha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derradji%20Chebli"> Derradji Chebli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Aga"> Sara Aga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agueniou%20Fazia"> Agueniou Fazia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to looking for alternative materials (low cost) for the adsorption of textile dyes and optimizes the type which gives optimum adsorption and provides an explanation of the mechanism involved in the adsorption process. Adsorption of Orange II and Methylene blue on H2SO4 traited cone of Pinus brutia, was carried out at different initial concentrations of the dye (20, 50 and 100 mg / L) and at tow initial pH, pH 1 and 10 respectively. The models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips were used in this study to analyze the obtained results of the adsorption isotherm. PCB-0M had high adsorption capacities namely 32.8967 mg/g and 128.1651 mg/g, respectively for orange II and methylene blue and further indicated that the removal of dyes increased with increase in the ionic strength of solution, this was attributed to aggregation of dyes in solution. The potential of H2SO4 traited cone of Pinus brutia, an easily available and low cost material, to be used as an alternative biosorbent material for the removal of a dyes, Orange II and Methylene Bleu, from aqueous solutions was therefore confirmed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Methylene%20blue" title="Methylene blue">Methylene blue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orange%20II" title=" orange II"> orange II</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cones%20of%20pinus%20brutia" title=" cones of pinus brutia"> cones of pinus brutia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43723/the-impact-of-ionic-strength-on-the-adsorption-behavior-of-anionic-and-cationic-dyes-on-low-cost-biosorbent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">383</span> Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Some Acid Dyes Derived from 1-Amino-4 Bromo-Anthraquine-2-Sulphonic Acid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuradeen%20Abdullahi%20Nadabo">Nuradeen Abdullahi Nadabo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasali%20Adewale%20Bello"> Kasali Adewale Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istifanus%20Chindo"> Istifanus Chindo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurudeen%20Ayeni"> Nurudeen Ayeni </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ten acid dyes were synthesized from 1-amino-4-bromo anthraghinone-2 sulphuric acid by condensation with different substituted amilines. These dyes were characterized by IR Spectroscopy and the results revealed an incorporation of various substituents. Application of these dyes were carried out on Nylon and wool fabrics using standard procedure melting point, percentage yield, molar extinction coefficient, wash, light and staining of adjacent fibre, of these dyes were also evaluated and the results obtained are within a reasonable range acceptable for commercial dyes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20dyes" title="acid dyes">acid dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyeing" title=" dyeing"> dyeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exhaustion" title=" exhaustion"> exhaustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extinction%20co-efficient" title=" extinction co-efficient "> extinction co-efficient </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28845/synthesis-characterization-and-application-of-some-acid-dyes-derived-from-1-amino-4-bromo-anthraquine-2-sulphonic-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">382</span> Preparation of Activated Carbon from Lignocellulosic Precursor for Dyes Adsorption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mokaddem">H. Mokaddem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Miroud"> D. Miroud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Azouaou"> N. Azouaou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Si-Ahmed"> F. Si-Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Sadaoui"> Z. Sadaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The synthesis and characterization of activated carbon from local lignocellulosic precursor (Algerian alfa) was carried out for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. The effect of the production variables such as impregnation chemical agents, impregnation ratio, activation temperature and activation time were investigated. Carbon obtained using the optimum conditions (CaCl2/ 1:1/ 500°C/2H) was characterized by various analytical techniques scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) and zero-point-of-charge (pHpzc). Adsorption tests of methylene blue on the optimal activated carbon were conducted. The effects of contact time, amount of adsorbent, initial dye concentration and pH were studied. The adsorption equilibrium examined using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich–Peterson models reveals that the Langmuir model is most appropriate to describe the adsorption process. The kinetics of MB sorption onto activated carbon follows the pseudo-second order rate expression. The examination of the thermodynamic analysis indicates that the adsorption process is spontaneous (ΔG ° < 0) and endothermic (ΔH ° > 0), the positive value of the standard entropy shows the affinity between the activated carbon and the dye. The present study showed that the produced optimal activated carbon prepared from Algerian alfa is an effective low-cost adsorbent and can be employed as alternative to commercial activated carbon for removal of MB dye from aqueous solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title="activated carbon">activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyes" title=" cationic dyes"> cationic dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algerian%20alfa" title=" Algerian alfa"> Algerian alfa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49655/preparation-of-activated-carbon-from-lignocellulosic-precursor-for-dyes-adsorption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">381</span> Sorption of Charged Organic Dyes from Anionic Hydrogels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgios%20Linardatos">Georgios Linardatos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miltiadis%20Zamparas"> Miltiadis Zamparas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vlasoula%20Bekiari"> Vlasoula Bekiari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgios%20Bokias"> Georgios Bokias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgios%20Hotos"> Georgios Hotos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogels are three-dimensional, hydrophilic, polymeric networks composed of homopolymers or copolymers and are insoluble in water due to the presence of chemical or physical cross-links. When hydrogels come in contact with aqueous solutions, they can effectively sorb and retain the dissolved substances, depending on the nature of the monomeric units comprising the hydrogel. For this reason, hydrogels have been proposed in several studies as water purification agents. At the present work anionic hydrogels bearing negatively charged –COO- groups were prepared and investigated. These gels are based on sodium acrylate (ANa), either homopolymerized (poly(sodiumacrylate), PANa) or copolymerized (P(DMAM-co-ANa)) with N,N Dimethylacrylamide (DMAM). The hydrogels were used to extract some model organic dyes from water. It is found that cationic dyes are strongly sorbed and retained by the hydrogels, while sorption of anionic dyes was negligible. In all cases it was found that both maximum sorption capacity and equilibrium binding constant varied from one dye to the other depending on the chemical structure of the dye, the presence of functional chemical groups and the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance. Finally, the nonionic hydrogel of the homopolymer poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), PDMAM, was also used for reasons of comparison. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anionic%20organic%20hydrogels" title="anionic organic hydrogels">anionic organic hydrogels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorption" title=" sorption"> sorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20dyes" title=" organic dyes"> organic dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20purification%20agents" title=" water purification agents"> water purification agents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39319/sorption-of-charged-organic-dyes-from-anionic-hydrogels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">380</span> Selective Adsorption of Anionic Textile Dyes with Sustainable Composite Materials Based on Physically Activated Carbon and Basic Polyelectrolytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mari%20Carmen%20Reyes%20Angeles">Mari Carmen Reyes Angeles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20Michel%20Reyes%20Villeda"> Dalia Michel Reyes Villeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Herrera%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Ana María Herrera González</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work reports the design and synthesis of two composite materials based on physically activated carbon and basic polyelectrolytes useful in the adsorption of textile dyes present in aqueous solutions and wastewater. The synthesis of basic polyelectrolytes poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) and poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) was made by means of free radical polymerization. The carbon made from prickly pear peel (CarTunaF) was thermally activated in the presence of combustion gases. Composite materials CarTunaF2VP and CarTunaF4VP were obtained from CarTunaF and polybasic polyelectrolytes P2VP and P4VP with a ratio of 67:33 wt. The structure of each polyelectrolyte, P2VP, and P4VP, was elucidated by means of the FTIR and 1H NMR spectrophotometric techniques. Their thermal stability was evaluated using TGA. The characterization of CarTunaF and composite materials CarTunaF2VP and CarTunaF4VP was made by means of FTIR, TGA, SEM, and N2 adsorption. The adsorptive capacities of the polyelectrolytes and the composite materials were evaluated by adsorption of direct dyes present in aqueous solutions. The polyelectrolytes removed between 90 and 100% of the dyes, and the composite materials removed between 68 and 93% of the dyes. Using the four adsorbents P2VP, P4VP, CarTuna2VP, and CarTuna4VP, it was observed that the dyes studied, Direct Blue 80, Direct Turquoise 86, and Direct Orange 26, were adsorbed in the range between 46.1 and 188.7mg∙g-1 by means of electrostatic interactions between the anionic groups in the dyes with the cationic groups in the adsorbents. By using adsorbent materials in the treatment of wastewater from the textile industry, an improvement in the quality of the water was observed by decreasing its pH, COD, conductivity, and color considerably <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anionic%20dyes" title=" anionic dyes"> anionic dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyelectrolytes" title=" polyelectrolytes"> polyelectrolytes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152027/selective-adsorption-of-anionic-textile-dyes-with-sustainable-composite-materials-based-on-physically-activated-carbon-and-basic-polyelectrolytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">379</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Some Mono Chloro-S-Triazine Vinyl Sulphone Reactive Dyes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuradeen%20Abdullahi%20Nadabo">Nuradeen Abdullahi Nadabo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasali%20Adewale%20Bello"> Kasali Adewale Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chindo%20Istifanus"> Chindo Istifanus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A series of ten bi functional mono-chloro-s-triazine vinyl sulphone reactive dyes were synthesized based on H-acid with varied substituents coded as (BRD). These dyes were characterized by IR spectroscopy. The results revealed an incorporation of various substituents. The visible absorption spectra of these dyes were examined in various solvents and results shows positive and negative salvatochromism as the solvent polarity; changes, melting point, percentage yield and molar extinction co-efficient of these dyes were also evaluated and the results obtained are within a reasonable range acceptable for commercial dyeing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifunctional" title="bifunctional">bifunctional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20dyes" title=" reactive dyes"> reactive dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18776/synthesis-and-characterization-of-some-mono-chloro-s-triazine-vinyl-sulphone-reactive-dyes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">378</span> Evaluation of Moringa oleifera in Decolourization of Dyes in Textile Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagia%20Ali">Nagia Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20R.%20El-Mohamedy"> R. S. R. El-Mohamedy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to irradiate the dyes biologically through the use of Moreinga oleifera. The study confirms the potential use of Moringa oleifera in decolourization of dyes and thus opens up a scope for future analysis pertaining to its performance in treatment of textile effluent. In this paper, the ability of natural products in removing dyes was tested using two reactive dyes and one acid dye. After a preliminary screening for dye removal capacity, a vegetal protein extract derived from Moeringa oleifera seed was fully studied. The influences of several parameters such as pH, temperature or initial dye concentration were tested and the behavior of coagulants was compared. It was found that dye removal decreased as pH increased. Temperature did not seem to have a considerable effect, while initial dye concentration appeared to be a very important variable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moreinga%20oleifera" title="Moreinga oleifera">Moreinga oleifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decolourization" title=" decolourization"> decolourization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20water" title=" waste water"> waste water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20dyes" title=" reactive dyes"> reactive dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20dyes" title=" acid dyes"> acid dyes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36561/evaluation-of-moringa-oleifera-in-decolourization-of-dyes-in-textile-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">377</span> Synthesis of Montmorillonite/CuxCd1-xS Nanocomposites and Their Application to the Photodegradation of Methylene Blue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Boukhatem">H. Boukhatem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Djouadi"> L. Djouadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Khalaf"> H. Khalaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20M.%20Navarro"> R. M. Navarro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20V.%20Ganzalez"> F. V. Ganzalez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Synthetic organic dyes are used in various industries, such as textile industry, leather tanning industry, paper production, hair dye production, etc. Wastewaters containing these dyes may be harmful to the environment and living organisms. Therefore, it is very important to remove or degrade these dyes before discharging them into the environment. In addition to standard technologies for the degradation and/or removal of dyes, several new specific technologies, the so-called advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), have been developed to eliminate dangerous compounds from polluted waters. AOPs are all characterized by the same chemical feature: production of radicals (•OH) through a multistep process, although different reaction systems are used. These radicals show little selectivity of attack and are able to oxidize various organic pollutants due to their high oxidative capacity (reduction potential of HO• Eo = 2.8 V). Heterogeneous photocatalysis, as one of the AOPs, could be effective in the oxidation/degradation of organic dyes. A major advantage of using heterogeneous photocatalysis for this purpose is the total mineralization of organic dyes, which results in CO2, H2O and corresponding mineral acids. In this study, nanomaterials based on montmorillonite and CuxCd1-xS with different Cu concentration (0.3 < x < 0.7) were utilized for the degradation of the commercial cationic textile dye Methylene blue (MB), used as a model pollutant. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA). Test results of photocatalysis of methylene blue under UV-Visible irradiation show that the photoactivity of nanomaterials montmorillonite/ CuxCd1-xS increases with the increasing of Cu concentration. The kinetics of the degradation of the MB dye was described with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) kinetic model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20photocatalysis" title="heterogeneous photocatalysis">heterogeneous photocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylene%20blue" title=" methylene blue"> methylene blue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=montmorillonite" title=" montmorillonite"> montmorillonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterial" title=" nanomaterial"> nanomaterial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30272/synthesis-of-montmorillonitecuxcd1-xs-nanocomposites-and-their-application-to-the-photodegradation-of-methylene-blue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">376</span> Applying Cationic Porphyrin Derivative 5, 10-Dihexyl-15, 20bis Porphyrin, as Transfection Reagent for Gene Delivery into Mammalian Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajar%20Hosseini%20Khorami">Hajar Hosseini Khorami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Porphyrins are organic, aromatic compounds found in heme, cytochrome, cobalamin, chlorophyll , and many other natural products with essential roles in biological processes that their cationic forms have been used as groups of favorable non-viral vectors recently. Cationic porphyrins are self-chromogenic reagents with a high capacity for modifications, great interaction with DNA and protection of DNA from nuclease during delivery of it into a cell with low toxicity. In order to have high efficient gene transfection into the cell while causing low toxicity, genetically manipulations of the non-viral vector, cationic porphyrin, would be useful. In this study newly modified cationic porphyrin derivative, 5, 10-dihexyl-15, 20bis (N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin was applied. Cytotoxicity of synthesized cationic porphyrin on Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells was evaluated by using MTT assay. This cationic derivative is dose-dependent, with low cytotoxicity at the ranges from 100 μM to 0.01μM. It was uptake by cells at high concentration. Using direct non-viral gene transfection method and different concentration of cationic porphyrin were tested on transfection of CHO cells by applying derived transfection reagent with X-tremeGENE HP DNA as a positive control. However, no transfection observed by porphyrin derivative and the parameters tested except for positive control. Results of this study suggested that applying different protocol, and also trying other concentration of cationic porphyrins and DNA for forming a strong complex would increase the possibility of efficient gene transfection by using cationic porphyrins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20porphyrins" title="cationic porphyrins">cationic porphyrins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20delivery" title=" gene delivery"> gene delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-viral%20vectors" title=" non-viral vectors"> non-viral vectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfection%20reagents" title=" transfection reagents"> transfection reagents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88175/applying-cationic-porphyrin-derivative-5-10-dihexyl-15-20bis-porphyrin-as-transfection-reagent-for-gene-delivery-into-mammalian-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">375</span> Application of Modified Vermiculite for Cationic Textile Dyestuffs Removal: Sorption and Regeneration Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Stawi%C5%84ski">W. Stawiński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wegrzyn"> A. Wegrzyn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20M.%20Freitas"> O. M. Freitas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Figueiredo"> S. A. Figueiredo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water is a life supporting resource, crucial for humanity and essential for natural ecosystems, which have been endangered by developing industry and increasing human population. Dyes are common in effluents discharged by various industries such as paper, plastics, food, cosmetics, and textile. They produce toxic effects on animals and disturb natural biological processes in receiving waters. Having complex molecular structure and resistance to biological decomposition they are problematic and difficult to be treated by conventional methods. In the search of efficient and sustainable method, sorption has been getting more interest in application to wastewaters treatment. Clays are minerals that have a layer structure based on phyllosilicate sheets that may carry a charge, which is balanced by ions located between the sheets. These charge-balancing ions can be exchanged resulting in very good ion-exchange properties of the material. Modifications of clays enhance their properties, producing a good and inexpensive sorbent for the removal of pollutants from wastewaters. The presented work proves that the treatment of a clay, vermiculite, with nitric acid followed by washing in citric acid strongly increases the sorption of two cationic dyes, methylene blue (C.I. 52015) and astrazon red (C.I. 110825). Desorption studies showed that the best eluent for regeneration is a solution of NaCl in ethanol. Cycles of sorption and desorption in column system showed no significant deterioration of sorption capacity and proved that the material shows a very good performance as sorbent, which can be recycled and reused. The results obtained open new possibilities of further modifications on vermiculite and modifications of other materials in order to get very efficient sorbents useful for wastewater treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyestuffs" title="cationic dyestuffs">cationic dyestuffs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorption%20and%20regeneration" title=" sorption and regeneration"> sorption and regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermiculite" title=" vermiculite"> vermiculite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27639/application-of-modified-vermiculite-for-cationic-textile-dyestuffs-removal-sorption-and-regeneration-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">374</span> Prediction of Binding Free Energies for Dyes Removal Using Computational Chemistry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Chanajaree">R. Chanajaree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Luanwiset"> D. Luanwiset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Pongpratea"> K. Pongpratea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dye removal is an environmental concern because the textile industries have been increasing by world population and industrialization. Adsorption is the technique to find adsorbents to remove dyes from wastewater. This method is low-cost and effective for dye removal. This work tries to develop effective adsorbents using the computational approach because it will be able to predict the possibility of the adsorbents for specific dyes in terms of binding free energies. The computational approach is faster and cheaper than the experimental approach in case of finding the best adsorbents. All starting structures of dyes and adsorbents are optimized by quantum calculation. The complexes between dyes and adsorbents are generated by the docking method. The obtained binding free energies from docking are compared to binding free energies from the experimental data. The calculated energies can be ranked as same as the experimental results. In addition, this work also shows the possible orientation of the complexes. This work used two experimental groups of the complexes of the dyes and adsorbents. In the first group, there are chitosan (adsorbent) and two dyes (reactive red (RR) and direct sun yellow (DY)). In the second group, there are poly(1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxy) propane (PEPP), which is the adsorbent, and 2 dyes of bromocresol green (BCG) and alizarin yellow (AY). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyes%20removal" title="dyes removal">dyes removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding%20free%20energies" title=" binding free energies"> binding free energies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20calculation" title=" quantum calculation"> quantum calculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=docking" title=" docking"> docking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115037/prediction-of-binding-free-energies-for-dyes-removal-using-computational-chemistry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">373</span> Rapid Method for the Determination of Acid Dyes by Capillary Electrophoresis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Can%20Hu">Can Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huixia%20Shi"> Huixia Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongcheng%20Mei"> Hongcheng Mei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Zhu"> Jun Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongling%20Guo"> Hongling Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Textile fibers are important trace evidence and frequently encountered in criminal investigations. A significant aspect of fiber evidence examination is the determination of fiber dyes. Although several instrumental methods have been developed for dyes detection, the analysis speed is not fast enough yet. A rapid dye analysis method is still needed to further improve the efficiency of case handling. Capillary electrophoresis has the advantages of high separation speed and high separation efficiency and is an ideal method for the rapid analysis of fiber dyes. In this paper, acid dyes used for protein fiber dyeing were determined by a developed short-end injection capillary electrophoresis technique. Five acid red dyes with similar structures were successfully baseline separated within 5 min. The separation reproducibility is fairly good for the relative standard deviation of retention time is 0.51%. The established method is rapid and accurate which has great potential to be applied in forensic setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20dyes" title="acid dyes">acid dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20electrophoresis" title=" capillary electrophoresis"> capillary electrophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20evidence" title=" fiber evidence"> fiber evidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20determination" title=" rapid determination"> rapid determination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103782/rapid-method-for-the-determination-of-acid-dyes-by-capillary-electrophoresis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">372</span> Synthesis of Cationic Bleach Activator for Textile Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pelin%20Altay">Pelin Altay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20El-Shafei"> Ahmed El-Shafei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20J.%20Hauser"> Peter J. Hauser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nevin%20Cigdem%20Gursoy"> Nevin Cigdem Gursoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exceedingly high temperatures are used (around 95 °C) to perform hydrogen peroxide bleaching of cotton fabrics in textile industry, which results in high energy consumption and also gives rise to significant fiber damage. Activated bleach systems have the potential to produce more efficient bleaching through increased oxidation rates with reducing energy cost, saving time and causing less fiber damage as compared to conventional hot peroxide bleaching. In this study, a cationic bleach activator was synthesized using caprolactam as a leaving group and triethylamine as a cationic group to establish an activated peroxide system for low temperature bleaching. Cationic bleach activator was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and mass spectrometry. The bleaching performance of the prototype cationic bleach activator was evaluated and optimizing the bleach recipe was performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bleach%20activator" title="bleach activator">bleach activator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton%20bleaching" title=" cotton bleaching"> cotton bleaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20peroxide%20bleaching" title=" hydrogen peroxide bleaching"> hydrogen peroxide bleaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20temperature%20bleaching" title=" low temperature bleaching"> low temperature bleaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56078/synthesis-of-cationic-bleach-activator-for-textile-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">371</span> Development of Cationic Gelatin Nanoparticles as an Antigen-Carrier for Mucosal Immunization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping-Lun%20Jiang">Ping-Lun Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Jun%20Lin"> Hung-Jun Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shen-Fu%20Lin"> Shen-Fu Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Yin%20Chien"> Mei-Yin Chien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ting-Wei%20Li"> Ting-Wei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Han%20Lin"> Chun-Han Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Der-Zen%20Liu"> Der-Zen Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mucosal vaccine induces both mucosal (secretory IgA) and systemic immune responses and it is considered an ideal vaccination strategy for prevention of infectious diseases. One important point to be considered in mucosal vaccination is effective antigen delivery system which can manage effective delivery of antigen to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of mucosal. In the present study, cationic gelatin nanoparticles were prepared as ideal carriers for more efficient antigen delivery. The average diameter of cationic gelatin nanoparticle was approximate 190 nm, and the zeta potential was about +45 mV, then ovalbumin (OVA) was physically absorbed onto cationic gelatin nanoparticle. The OVA absorption rate was near 95% the zeta potential was about +20 mV. We show that cationic gelatin nanoparticle effectively facilitated antigen uptake by mice bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (mBMDCs) and RAW264.7 cells and induced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. C57BL/6 mice twice immunized intranasally with OVA-absorbed cationic gelatin nanoparticle induced high levels of OVA-specific IgG in the serum and IgA in their in the nasal and lung wash fluid. These results indicate that nasal administration of cationic gelatin nanoparticles induced both mucosal and systemic immune responses and cationic gelatin nanoparticles might be a potential antigen delivery carrier for further clinical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antigen%20delivery" title="antigen delivery">antigen delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antigen-presenting%20cells" title=" antigen-presenting cells"> antigen-presenting cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatin%20nanoparticle" title=" gelatin nanoparticle"> gelatin nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mucosal%20vaccine" title=" mucosal vaccine"> mucosal vaccine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42981/development-of-cationic-gelatin-nanoparticles-as-an-antigen-carrier-for-mucosal-immunization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">370</span> Recovery of Waste Acrylic Fibers for the Elimination of Basic Dyes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ouslimani">N. Ouslimani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Abadlia"> M. T. Abadlia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environment protection is a precondition for sustained growth and a better quality of life for all people on earth. Aqueous industrial effluents are the main sources of pollution. Among the compounds of these effluents, dyes are particularly resistant to discoloration by conventional methods, and discharges present many problems that must be supported. The scientific literature shows that synthetic organic dyes are compounds used in many industrial sectors. They are found in the chemical, car, paper industry and particularly the textile industry, where all the lines and grades of the chemical family are represented. The affinity between the fibers and dyes vary depending on the chemical structure of dyes and the type of materials to which they are applied. It is not uncommon to find that during the dyeing operation from 15 to 20 % of sulfur dyes, and sometimes up to 40 % of the reactants are discharged with the effluent. This study was conducted for the purpose of fading basics dyes from wastewater using as adsorbent fiber waste material. This technique presents an interesting alternative to usual treatment, as it allows the recovery of waste fibers, which can find uses as raw material for the manufacture of cleaning products or in other sectors In this study the results obtained by fading fiber waste are encouraging, given the rate of color removal which is about 90%.This method also helps to decrease BOD and suspended solids MES in an effective way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyes" title=" dyes"> dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber" title=" fiber"> fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title=" valorization"> valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater "> wastewater </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43865/recovery-of-waste-acrylic-fibers-for-the-elimination-of-basic-dyes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">369</span> Investigation of Green Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Natural Dyes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hosseinnezhad">M. Hosseinnezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Gharanjig"> K. Gharanjig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural dyes, extracted from black carrot and bramble, were utilized as photosensitizers to prepare dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Spectrophotometric studies of the natural dyes in solution and on a titanium dioxide substrate were carried out in order to assess changes in the status of the dyes. The results show that the bathochromic shift is seen on the photo-electrode substrate. The chemical binding of the natural dyes at the surface photo-electrode were increased by the chelating effect of the Ti(IV) ions. The cyclic voltammetry results showed that all extracts are suitable to be performed in DSSCs. Finally, photochemical performance and stability of DSSCs based on natural dyes were studied. The DSSCs sensitized by black carrot extract have been reported to achieve up to Jsc=1.17 mAcm<sup>-2</sup>, Voc= 0.55 V, FF= 0.52, η=0.34%, whereas Bramble extract can obtain up to Jsc=2.24 mAcm<sup>-2</sup>, Voc= 0.54 V, FF= 0.57, η=0.71%. The power conversion efficiency was obtained from the mixed dyes in DSSCs. The power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells using mixed Black carrot and Bramble dye is the average of the their efficiency in single DSSCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthocyanin" title="anthocyanin">anthocyanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye-sensitized%20solar%20cells" title=" dye-sensitized solar cells"> dye-sensitized solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20energy" title=" green energy"> green energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20materials" title=" optical materials"> optical materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58409/investigation-of-green-dye-sensitized-solar-cells-based-on-natural-dyes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">368</span> Brief Inquisition of Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes by Magnetically Enhanced Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thian%20Khoon%20Tan">Thian Khoon Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poi%20Sim%20Khiew"> Poi Sim Khiew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wee%20Siong%20Chiu"> Wee Siong Chiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin%20Hua%20Chia"> Chin Hua Chia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the efficacy of magnetically enhanced zinc oxide (MZnO) nanoparticles as a photocatalyst in the photodegradation of synthetic dyes, especially azo dyes. This magnetised zinc oxide has been simply fabricated by mechanical mixing through low-temperature calcination. This MZnO has been analysed through several analytical measurements, including FESEM, XRD, BET, EDX, and TEM, as well as VSM analysis which reflects successful fabrication. A high volume of azo dyes was found in industries effluent wastewater. They contribute to serious environmental stability and are very harmful to human health due to their high stability and carcinogenic properties. Therefore, five azo dyes, Reactive Red 120 (RR120), Disperse Blue 15 (DB15), Acid Brown 14 (AB14), Orange G (OG), and Acid Orange 7 (AO7), have been randomly selected to study their photodegradation property with reference to few characteristics, such as number of azo functional groups, benzene groups, molecular mass, and absorbance. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency was analysed by using a UV-vis spectrophotometer, where the reaction rate constant was obtained. It was found that azo dyes were significantly degraded through the first-order rate constant, which shows a higher kinetic constant as the number of azo functional groups and benzene group increases. However, the kinetic constant is inversely proportional to the molecular weight of these azo dyes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalyst" title=" photocatalyst"> photocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetically%20enhanced" title=" magnetically enhanced"> magnetically enhanced</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20dyes" title=" synthetic dyes"> synthetic dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azo%20dyes" title=" azo dyes"> azo dyes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193545/brief-inquisition-of-photocatalytic-degradation-of-azo-dyes-by-magnetically-enhanced-zinc-oxide-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">367</span> Colorful Textiles with Antimicrobial Property Using Natural Dyes as Effective Green Finishing Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid-ul-Islam">Shahid-ul-Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faqeer%20Mohammad"> Faqeer Mohammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of annatto, teak and flame of the forest natural dyes on color, fastness, and antimicrobial property of protein based textile substrate. The color strength (K/S) of wool samples at various concentrations of dyes were analysed using a Reflective Spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activity of natural dyes before and after application on wool was tested against common human pathogens Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, by using micro-broth dilution method, disc diffusion assay and growth curve studies. The structural morphology of natural protein fibre (wool) was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Annatto and teak natural dyes proved very effective in inhibiting the microbial growth in solution phase and after application on wool and resulted in a broad beautiful spectrum of colors with exceptional fastness properties. The results encourage the search and exploitation of new plant species as source of dyes to replace toxic synthetic antimicrobial agents currently used in textile industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annatto" title="annatto">annatto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20agents" title=" antimicrobial agents"> antimicrobial agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title=" natural dyes"> natural dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20textiles" title=" green textiles "> green textiles </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42793/colorful-textiles-with-antimicrobial-property-using-natural-dyes-as-effective-green-finishing-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">366</span> Eco-Friendly Textiles: The Power of Natural Dyes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bushra">Bushra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the historical significance, ecological benefits, and contemporary applications of natural dyes in textile dyeing, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of their potential to contribute to a sustainable fashion industry while minimizing ecological footprints. This research explores the potential of natural dyes as a sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes in the textile industry, examining their historical context, sources, and environmental benefits. Natural dyes come from plants, animals, and minerals, including roots, leaves, bark, fruits, flowers, insects, and metal salts, used as mordants to fix dyes to fabrics. Natural dyeing involves extraction, mordanting, and dyeing techniques. Optimizing these processes can enhance the performance of natural dyes, making them viable for contemporary textile applications based on experimental research. Natural dyes offer eco-friendly benefits like biodegradability, non-toxicity, and resource renewables, reducing pollution, promoting biodiversity, and reducing reliance on petrochemicals. Natural dyes offer benefits but face challenges in color consistency, scalability, and performance, requiring industrial production to meet modern consumer standards for durability and colorfastness. Contemporary initiatives in the textile industry include fashion brands like Eileen Fisher and Patagonia incorporating natural dyes, artisans like India Flint's Botanical Alchemy promoting traditional dyeing techniques, and research projects like the European Union's Horizon 2020 program. Natural dyes offer a sustainable textile industry solution, reducing environmental impact and promoting harmony with nature. Research and innovation are paving the way for widespread adoption, transforming textile dyeing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20significance" title="historical significance">historical significance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20industry" title=" textile industry"> textile industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title=" natural dyes"> natural dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186606/eco-friendly-textiles-the-power-of-natural-dyes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">365</span> Preparation of New Organoclays and Applications for Adsorption of Telon Dyes in Aqueous Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamar%20Makhoukhi">Benamar Makhoukhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Clay ion-exchange using bismidazolium salts (MBIM) could provide organophilic clays materials that allow effective retention of polluting dyes. The present investigations deal with bentonite (Bt) modification using (ortho, meta and para) bisimidazolium cations and attempts to remove a synthetic textile dyes, such as (Telon-Orange, Telon-Red and Telon-Blue) by adsorption, from aqueous solutions. The surface modification of MBIM–Bt was examined using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Adsorption tests applied to Telon dyes revealed a significant increase of the maximum adsorption capacity from ca. 21-28 to 88-108 mg.g-1 after intercalation. The highest adsorption level was noticed for Telon-Orange dye on the p-MBIM–Bt, presumably due higher interlayer space and better diffusion. The pseudo-first order rate equation was able to provide the best description of adsorption kinetics data for all three dyestuffs. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and the isotherm constants were also determined. The results show that MBIM–Bt could be employed as low-cost material for the removal of Telon dyes from effluents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bentonite" title="Bentonite">Bentonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Organoclay" title=" Organoclay"> Organoclay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bisimidazolium" title=" Bisimidazolium"> Bisimidazolium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dyes" title=" Dyes"> Dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isotherms" title=" Isotherms"> Isotherms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adsorption" title=" Adsorption"> Adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21447/preparation-of-new-organoclays-and-applications-for-adsorption-of-telon-dyes-in-aqueous-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21447.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">364</span> Sustainability and Awareness with Natural Dyes in Textile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Karadag">Recep Karadag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural dyeing had started since pre-historical times for dyeing of textile materials. The natural dyeing had continued to beginning of 20th century. At the end of 19th century some synthetic dyes were synthesized. Although development of dyeing technologies and methods, natural dyeing was not developed in recent years. Despite rapid advances of synthetic dyestuff industries, natural dye processes have not developed. Therefore natural dyeing was not competed against synthetic dyes. At the same time, it was very difficult that large quantities of coloured textile was dyed with natural dyes And it was very difficult to get reproducible results in the natural dyeing using classical and traditional processes. However, natural dyeing has used slightly in the textile handicraft up to now. It is very important view that re-using of natural dyes to create awareness in textiles in recent years. Natural dyes have got many awareness and sustainability properties. Natural dyes are more eco-friendly than synthetic dyes. A lot of natural dyes have got antioxidant, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal and anti –UV properties. It had been known that were obtained limited numbers colours with natural dyes in the past. On the contrary, colour scale is too wide with natural dyes. Except fluorescent colours, numerous colours can be obtained with natural dyes. Fastnesses of dyed textiles with natural dyes are good that there are light, washing, rubbing, etc. The fastness values can be improved depend on dyeing processes. Thanks to these properties mass production can be made with natural dyes in textiles. Therefore fabric dyeing machine was designed. This machine is too suitable for natural dyeing and mass production. Also any dyeing machine can be modified for natural dyeing. Although dye extraction and dyeing are made separately in the traditional natural dyeing processes and these procedures are become by designed this machine. Firstly, colouring compounds are extracted from natural dye resources, then dyeing is made with extracted colouring compounds. The colouring compounds are moderately dissolved in water. Less water is used in the extraction of colouring compounds from dye resources and dyeing with this new technique on the contrary much quantity water needs to use for dissolve of the colouring compounds in the traditional dyeing. This dyeing technique is very useful method for mass productions with natural dyes in traditional natural dyeing that use less energy, less dye materials, less water, etc. than traditional natural dyeing techniques. In this work, cotton, silk, linen and wool fabrics were dyed with some natural dye plants by the technique. According to the analysis very good results were obtained by this new technique. These results are shown sustainability and awareness of natural dyes for textiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial" title="antibacterial">antibacterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title=" antimicrobial"> antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title=" natural dyes"> natural dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24420/sustainability-and-awareness-with-natural-dyes-in-textile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">363</span> Production, Optimization, Characterization, and Kinetics of a Partially Purified Laccase from Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Its Application in Swift Bioremediation of Azo Dyes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Kushwaha">Ankita Kushwaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20Singh"> M. P. Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In the present investigation the efficiency of laccase (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2) from Pleurotus citrinopileatus was assessed for the decolorization of azo dyes. Aim: Enzyme production, characterization and kinetics of a partially purified laccase from Pleurotus citrinopileatus were determined for its application in bioremediation of azo dyes. Methods & Results: Laccase has been partially purified by using 80% ammonium sulphate solution. Total activity, total protein, specific activity and purification fold for partially purified laccase were found to be 40.38U, 293.33mg/100ml, 0.91U/mg and 2.84, respectively. The pH and temperature optima of laccase were 5.0 and 50ºC, respectively, while the enzyme was most stable at pH 4.0 and temperature 30ºC when exposed for one hour. The Km of the partially purified laccase for substrates guaiacol, DMP (2,6-dimethoxyphenol) and syringaldazine (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde azine) were 60, 95 and 26, respectively. This laccase has been tested for the use in the bioremediation of azo dyes in the absence of mediator molecules. Two dyes namely congo red and bromophenol blue were tested. Discussion: It was observed that laccase enzyme was very effective in the decolorization of these two dyes. More than 80% decolorization was observed within half an hour even in the absence of mediator and their lower Km value indicates that efficiency of the enzyme is very high. The results were promising due to quicker decolorization in the absence of mediators showing that it can be used as a valuable biocatalyst for quick bioremediation of azo dyes. Conclusion: The enzymatic properties of laccase from P. citrinopileatus should be considered for a potential environmental (biodegradation and bioremediation) or industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azo%20dyes" title="azo dyes">azo dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decolorization" title=" decolorization"> decolorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laccase" title=" laccase"> laccase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.citrinopileatus" title=" P.citrinopileatus"> P.citrinopileatus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88221/production-optimization-characterization-and-kinetics-of-a-partially-purified-laccase-from-pleurotus-citrinopileatus-and-its-application-in-swift-bioremediation-of-azo-dyes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">362</span> Effects of Spent Dyebath Recycling on Pollution and Cost of Production in a Cotton Textile Industry </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesh%20Kumar%20Sharma">Dinesh Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Sharma"> Sanjay Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Textile manufacturing industry uses a substantial amount of chemicals not only in the production processes but also in manufacturing the raw materials. Dyes are the most significant raw material which provides colour to the fabric and yarn. Dyes are produced by using a large amount of chemicals both organic and inorganic in nature. Dyes are further classified as Reactive or Vat Dyes which are mostly used in cotton textiles. In the process of application of dyes to the cotton fiber, yarn or fabric, several auxiliary chemicals are also used in the solution called dyebath to improve the absorption of dyes. There is a very little absorption of dyes and auxiliary chemicals and a residual amount of all these substances is released as the spent dye bath effluent. Because of the wide variety of chemicals used in cotton textile dyes, there is always a risk of harmful effects which may not be apparent immediately but may have an irreversible impact in the long term. Colour imparted by the dyes to the water also has an adverse effect on its public acceptability and the potability. This study has been conducted with an objective to assess the feasibility of reuse of the spent dye bath. Studies have been conducted in two independent industries manufacturing dyed cotton yarn and dyed cotton fabric respectively. These have been referred as Unit-I and Unit-II. The studies included assessment of reduction in pollution levels and the economic benefits of such reuse. The study conclusively establishes that the reuse of spent dyebath results in prevention of pollution, reduction in pollution loads and cost of effluent treatment & production. This pollution prevention technique presents a good preposition for pollution prevention in cotton textile industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyes" title="dyes">dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyebath" title=" dyebath"> dyebath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxic" title=" toxic"> toxic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=costs" title=" costs"> costs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22655/effects-of-spent-dyebath-recycling-on-pollution-and-cost-of-production-in-a-cotton-textile-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">361</span> Synthesis and Photophysical Studies of BOPIDY Dyes Conjugated with 4-Benzyloxystyryl Substituents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bokolombe%20Pitchou%20Ngoy">Bokolombe Pitchou Ngoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Mack"> John Mack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tebello%20Nyokong"> Tebello Nyokong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Synthesis and photochemical studies of BODIPY dyes have been investigated in this work in order to have a broad benchmark of this functionalized photosensitizer for biological applications such as photodynamic therapy or antimicrobial activity. The common acid catalyzed synthetic method was used, and BODIPY dyes were obtained in quite a good yield (25 %) followed by bromination and Knoevenagel condensation to afford the BODIPY dyes conjugated with maximum absorbance in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The fluorescence lifetimes, fluorescence quantum yield, and Singlet oxygen quantum yield of the conjugated BODIPY dyes were determined in different solvents by using Time Correlation Single Photon Counting (TCSPC), fluorimeter, and Laser Flash Photolysis respectively. It was clearly shown that the singlet oxygen quantum yield was higher in THF followed by DMSO compared to another solvent. The same trend was observed for the fluorescence lifetimes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BODIPY" title="BODIPY">BODIPY</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodynamic%20therapy" title=" photodynamic therapy"> photodynamic therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosensitizer" title=" photosensitizer"> photosensitizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singlet%20oxygen" title=" singlet oxygen"> singlet oxygen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72430/synthesis-and-photophysical-studies-of-bopidy-dyes-conjugated-with-4-benzyloxystyryl-substituents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">360</span> Preparation of Core-Shell AgBr/Cationic Polymer Nanocomposite with Dual Biocidal Modes and Sustained Release of Ag+ Ions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rongzhou%20Wang">Rongzhou Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research on designing nano-antibacterial agent with potent and long-lasting antibacterial property is demanding and provoking work. In this study, a core-shell AgBr/cationic polymer nanocomposite (AgBr/NPVP-H10) were synthesized and its structure confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the cationic polymer contents were determined with Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The morphology was directly observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) which showed that the nanoparticle contains single core and organic shell and had an average diameter of 30.1 nm. The antibacterial test against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli illuminated that this nanocomposite had potent bactericidal activity, which can be attributed to the contact-killing of cationic polymers and releasing-killing of Ag+ ions. In addition, cationic polymer encapsulating AgBr cores gave the resin discs sustained release of Ag+ ions, which may result in long-lasting bactericidal activity. The AgBr/NPVP-H10 nanoparticle with the dual bactericidal capability and long term antimicrobial effect is a promising material aimed at preventing bacterial infection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core-shell%20nanocomposite" title="core-shell nanocomposite">core-shell nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20polymer" title=" cationic polymer"> cationic polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20antibacterial%20capability" title=" dual antibacterial capability"> dual antibacterial capability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-lasting%20antibacterial%20activity" title=" long-lasting antibacterial activity"> long-lasting antibacterial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74782/preparation-of-core-shell-agbrcationic-polymer-nanocomposite-with-dual-biocidal-modes-and-sustained-release-of-ag-ions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">359</span> Toxic Dyes Removal in Aqueous Solution Using Calcined and Uncalcined Anionic Clay Zn/Al+Fe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bessaha%20Hassiba">Bessaha Hassiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouraada%20Mohamed"> Bouraada Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Layered double hydroxide with Zn/(Al+Fe) molar ratio of 3:1 was synthesized by co-precipitation method and their calcined product was obtained by heating treatment of ZAF-HT at 500°C. The calcined and uncalcined materials were used to remove weak acid dyes: indigo carmine (IC) and green bezanyl-F2B (F2B) in aqueous solution. The synthesized materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR and TG/DTA analysis confirming the formation of pure layered structure of ZAF-HT, the destruction of the original structure after calcination and the intercalation of the dyes molecules. Moreover, the interlayer distance increases from 7.645 Å in ZAF-HT to 19.102 Å after the dyes sorption. The dose of the adsorbents was chosen 0.5 g/l while the initial concentrations were 250 and 750 mg/l for indigo carmine and green bezanyl-F2B respectively. The sorption experiments were carried out at ambient temperature and without adjusting the initial solution pH (pHi = 6.10 for IC and pHi = 5.01 for F2B). In addition, the maximum adsorption capacities obtained by ZAF-HT and CZAF for both dyes followed the order: CZAF-F2B (1501.4 mg.g-1) > CZAF-IC (617.3 mg.g-1) > ZAF-HT-IC (41.4 mg.g-1) > ZAF-HT-F2B (28.9 mg.g-1). The removal of indigo carmine and green bezanyl-F2B by ZAF-HT was due to the anion exchange and/or the adsorption on the surface. By using the calcined material (CZAF), the removal of the dyes was based on a particular property, called ‘memory effect’. CZAF recover the pristine structure in the presence anionic molecules such as acid dyes where they occupy the interlayer space. The sorption process was spontaneous in nature and followed pseudo-second-order. The isotherms showed that the removal of IC and F2B by ZAF-HT and CZAF were consistent with Langmiur model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20dyes" title="acid dyes">acid dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcination" title=" calcination"> calcination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layered%20double%20hydroxides" title=" layered double hydroxides"> layered double hydroxides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43304/toxic-dyes-removal-in-aqueous-solution-using-calcined-and-uncalcined-anionic-clay-znalfe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyes&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyes&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyes&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyes&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20dyes&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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