CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Finnish Kale - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"dbf6f4d1-315d-41ab-8fe7-c30ab8b34752","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Finnish_Kale","wgTitle":"Finnish Kale","wgCurRevisionId":1254206367,"wgRevisionId":1254206367,"wgArticleId":9449267,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from November 2023","\"Related ethnic groups\" needing confirmation","Articles containing Romani-language text","Articles containing Swedish-language text","Articles containing Finnish-language text","Finnish Kale","Romani groups","Romani in Sweden","Ethnic groups in Finland","Finnish people of Scottish descent","Finnish people of Swedish descent", "Finnish people of Indian descent","Romanichal"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Finnish_Kale","wgRelevantArticleId":9449267,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3812650","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif/lossy-page1-1200px-Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="779"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif/lossy-page1-800px-Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="520"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif/lossy-page1-640px-Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="416"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Finnish Kale - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_Kale"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_Kale"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Finnish_Kale rootpage-Finnish_Kale skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Finnish+Kale" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Finnish+Kale" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Finnish+Kale" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Finnish+Kale" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Dress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perceived_problems_of_the_Kale_in_Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perceived_problems_of_the_Kale_in_Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Perceived problems of the Kale in Finland</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perceived_problems_of_the_Kale_in_Finland-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Perceived problems of the Kale in Finland subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Perceived_problems_of_the_Kale_in_Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Socioeconomic_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Socioeconomic_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Socioeconomic status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Socioeconomic_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finnish_Romani_in_Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finnish_Romani_in_Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Finnish Romani in Sweden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finnish_Romani_in_Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people_of_Kale_descent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people_of_Kale_descent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable people of Kale descent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people_of_Kale_descent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Finnish Kale</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Скандинавия калелары – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Скандинавия калелары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soome_romad" title="Soome romad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Soome romad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fin%C3%A9s_roman%C3%AD" title="Finés romaní – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Finés romaní" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaale" title="Kaale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kaale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Фински Роми – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фински Роми" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Скандинавские кале – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Скандинавские кале" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalet%C3%AB_Finlandez" title="Kaletë Finlandez – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kaletë Finlandez" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_Kale" title="Finnish Kale – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Finnish Kale" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suomen_romanit" title="Suomen romanit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suomen romanit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kal%C3%A9-romer" title="Kalé-romer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalé-romer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Фінські кале – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фінські кале" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%BA" title="芬兰罗姆人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="芬兰罗姆人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3812650#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Kale" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Finnish_Kale" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Kale"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Kale"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Finnish_Kale" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Finnish_Kale" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&oldid=1254206367" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Finnish_Kale&id=1254206367&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFinnish_Kale"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFinnish_Kale"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Finnish_Kale&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Romani_people_in_Finland" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3812650" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Romani subgroup from Finland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Romani subgroup. For all Romani groups in Finland, see <a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Finland" title="Romani people in Finland">Romani people in Finland</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Romanians_in_Finland" title="Romanians in Finland">Romanians in Finland</a> who are people from Romania residing in Finland.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_(2164;_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6818" data-file-height="4428" /></a><figcaption>Kàlo in <a href="/wiki/Malmi,_Helsinki" title="Malmi, Helsinki">Malmi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, 1930</figcaption></figure> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Finnish Kale</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">17,500</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></th><td class="infobox-data">13,000<sup id="cite_ref-Suomen_romanit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suomen_romanit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4,500<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Kalo_language" title="Finnish Kalo language">Finnish Romani</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Laiuse_Romani_language" title="Laiuse Romani language">Laiuse Romani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_and_Swedish_Travellers" title="Norwegian and Swedish Travellers">Romanisael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romanichal" title="Romanichal">Romanichal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kale_(Welsh_Roma)" title="Kale (Welsh Roma)">Welsh Kale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Romani_and_Traveller_groups" title="Scottish Romani and Traveller groups">Scottish Lowland Roma</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani peoples</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.4em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Romani" title="Category:Romani">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%; line-height:1.0em; padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani people</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="border:none; padding:0.6em 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Romani people"><img alt="Flag of the Romani people" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_the_Romani_people" title="Archaeology of the Romani people">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_cuisine" title="Romani cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_society_and_culture" title="Romani society and culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_dance" title="Romani dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_dress" title="Romani dress">Dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_folklore" title="Romani folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Romani_people" title="History of the Romani people">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_media" title="Romani media">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_music" title="Romani music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_the_Romani_people" title="Names of the Romani people">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romani_people" title="List of Romani people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people#Religion" title="Romani people">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romani_settlements" title="List of Romani settlements">Settlements</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:none;text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">Romani people by sub-group</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Romani" title="Afro-Romani">Afro-Romani</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Arlije" title="Arlije">Arlije</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Bergitka_Roma" title="Bergitka Roma">Bergitka Roma</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Burgenland_Roma" title="Burgenland Roma">Burgenland Roma</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Boyash" title="Boyash">Boyash</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Cascarots" title="Cascarots">Cascarots</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Roma" title="Crimean Roma">Crimean Roma</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Gurbeti" title="Gurbeti">Gurbeti</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Romani_relations#Romani_Jews" title="Jewish–Romani relations"> Judeo-Romani</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Kalderash" title="Kalderash">Kalderash</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos">Kale (Iberian Roma)</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kale (Finnish Roma)</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Kale_(Welsh_Roma)" title="Kale (Welsh Roma)">Kale (Welsh Roma)</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Lovari" title="Lovari">Lovari</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/L%C4%83utari" title="Lăutari">Lăutari</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Machvaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Machvaya">Machvaya</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_and_Swedish_Travellers" title="Norwegian and Swedish Travellers">Romanisæl</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Polska_Roma" title="Polska Roma">Polska Roma</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romanichal" title="Romanichal">Romanichal</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ruska_Roma" title="Ruska Roma">Ruska Roma</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Sepe%C4%8Dides_Romani" title="Sepečides Romani">Sepečides Romani</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Servitka_Roma" title="Servitka Roma">Servitka Roma</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Sinti" title="Sinti">Sinti</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ursari" title="Ursari">Ursari</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Zargari_tribe" title="Zargari tribe">Zargari</a> </li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0; border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:none;text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romani_diaspora" title="Romani diaspora">Romani diaspora</a> by country</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Albania" title="Romani people in Albania">Albania</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Argentina" title="Romani people in Argentina">Argentina</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Australia" title="Romani people in Australia">Australia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Austria" title="Romani people in Austria">Austria</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Belarus" title="Romani people in Belarus">Belarus</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Belgium" title="Romani people in Belgium">Belgium</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Romani people in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Brazil" title="Romani people in Brazil">Brazil</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Bulgaria" title="Romani people in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Colombia" title="Romani people in Colombia">Colombia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Croatia" title="Romani people in Croatia">Croatia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Cyprus" title="Romani people in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Romani people in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Czechoslovakia" title="Romani people in Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Denmark" title="Romani people in Denmark">Denmark</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Estonia" title="Romani people in Estonia">Estonia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Finland" title="Romani people in Finland">Finland</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_France" title="Romani people in France">France</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Romani people in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Germany" title="Romani people in Germany">Germany</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Greece" title="Romani people in Greece">Greece</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Hungary" title="Romani people in Hungary">Hungary</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Ireland" title="Romani people in Ireland">Ireland</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Italy" title="Romani people in Italy">Italy</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Kosovo" title="Romani people in Kosovo">Kosovo</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Latvia" title="Romani people in Latvia">Latvia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Lithuania" title="Romani people in Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Mexico">Mexico</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Montenegro" title="Romani people in Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_North_Macedonia" title="Romani people in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Moldova" title="Romani people in Moldova">Moldova</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_Netherlands" title="Romani people in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Norway" title="Romani people in Norway">Norway</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Poland" title="Romani people in Poland">Poland</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Portugal" title="Romani people in Portugal">Portugal</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Romania" title="Romani people in Romania">Romania</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Russia" title="Romani people in Russia">Russia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Serbia" title="Romani people in Serbia">Serbia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Slovakia" title="Romani people in Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Slovenia" title="Romani people in Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos">Spain</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Sweden" title="Romani people in Sweden">Sweden</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Switzerland" title="Romani people in Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Turkey" title="Romani people in Turkey">Turkey</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Ukraine" title="Romani people in Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Crimean_Roma" title="Crimean Roma">Crimea</a>) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Romani people in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gypsy,_Roma_and_Traveller_people_(UK)" title="Gypsy, Roma and Traveller people (UK)">term</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gypsy_and_Traveller_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gypsy and Traveller groups">Scotland</a>) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_Americans" title="Romani Americans">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Slovak_Gypsies_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Slovak Gypsies in the United States">Hungarian-Slovak</a>) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Uruguay" title="Romani people in Uruguay">Uruguay</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Venezuela">Venezuela</a> </li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Romani_people" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Romani people">WikiProject</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-top:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romani_people" title="Template:Romani people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romani_people" title="Template talk:Romani people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romani_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romani people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Finnish Kale</b> (<a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a>: <i lang="rom"><b>Kàlo</b></i>; <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">Kalé</i>; <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi"><b>Kaale</b></i>, also <i>Suomen romanit</i> – "Finnish Romani", or <i>Mustalainen</i> – literally "Gypsy", often considered offensive) are a <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani</a> subgroup who live primarily in <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>. Their main languages are <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Kalo_language" title="Finnish Kalo language">Finnish Romani</a>. <i>Kalo/Kale</i> is the collective name for traveler people in Finland.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kolme_romaninaista.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Kolme_romaninaista.jpg/220px-Kolme_romaninaista.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Kolme_romaninaista.jpg/330px-Kolme_romaninaista.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Kolme_romaninaista.jpg/440px-Kolme_romaninaista.jpg 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Three Finnish Romani women in the 1930s</figcaption></figure> <p>The original Finnish Kale were <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_and_Swedish_Travellers" title="Norwegian and Swedish Travellers">Romanisæl</a> who came to Finland via <a href="/wiki/Sweden_proper" title="Sweden proper">Sweden proper</a> after being deported from Sweden proper in the 17th century. The ancestors of Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian Romani are English and Scottish Romani, who were deported from the kingdoms of <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> and <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1637, all Romani groups were declared outlaws who could be hanged without trial; this practice was discontinued in 1748.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Finland declared independence in 1917, all Kales received full citizenship and rights. During the <a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Winter War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Continuation_War" title="Continuation War">Continuation War</a>, about a thousand Kales served in the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces" title="Finnish Defence Forces">Finnish military</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dress">Dress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The traditional female Finnish Kale dress stems from the traditional dress worn by the ethnic <a href="/wiki/Finnish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish people">Finn</a> women. Until the turn of the 20th century, Kale and Finn women dressed much alike in blouses, long skirts, and waist aprons.<sup id="cite_ref-SKM_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SKM-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time and with increased wealth, the female Kale dress has become continually more decorated. The dress features a heavy full-length black <a href="/wiki/Velvet" title="Velvet">velvet</a> skirt worn relatively high at the waist, supported by padding, and a puffed blouse, often with prominent ruffles and <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>, made of decorative cloth such as with <a href="/wiki/Sequin" title="Sequin">sequins</a> or a metallic sheen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taisto_Tammi_1960.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Taisto_Tammi_1960.jpg/220px-Taisto_Tammi_1960.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Taisto_Tammi_1960.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="387" /></a><figcaption>Taisto Tammi in 1960</figcaption></figure> <p>Music is a central part of Finnish Kale culture, everyday entertainment and domestic life. In Finland, the Kale are known especially for their contribution to the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_tango" title="Finnish tango">Finnish tango</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schlager_music" title="Schlager music">Schlager music</a>. Kale men have been a vital part of the Schlager scene since the start of the genre's popularity in Finland following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. At first Kale singers faced direct discrimination, and for instance were banned from performing at certain establishments either on principle or following Kale audience misbehavior. <a href="/wiki/Taisto_Tammi" title="Taisto Tammi">Taisto Tammi</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Markus_Allan_(Finnish_singer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Markus Allan (Finnish singer) (page does not exist)">Markus Allan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markus_Allan" class="extiw" title="fi:Markus Allan">fi</a>]</span> were the two most important early Kale performers; both adopted artistic aliases to reduce attention to their ethnic background.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perceived_problems_of_the_Kale_in_Finland">Perceived problems of the Kale in Finland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Perceived problems of the Kale in Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Socioeconomic_status">Socioeconomic status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Socioeconomic status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kale have traditionally held positions as <a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">craftsmen</a>, but the occupation has lost its importance in modern times, leading to a significant rise in unemployment within the group.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A paper published by the Ministry of Labour states that "According to labour administration's client register material, 70% of the Roma jobseekers had a primary school or lower secondary school education." According to the same paper: "Education is compulsory in Finland and this obligation applies equally to the Roma as to other citizens, but dropping out of basic education is still common among young Roma, while in the mainstream population it is extremely uncommon."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Issues">Issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007 police officer and boxer Riku Lumberg (of Romani heritage) wrote an open letter to his own people, seeking an end to the "barbaric tradition of <a href="/wiki/Blood_feud" class="mw-redirect" title="Blood feud">blood feud</a>" in the community.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roma artist Kiba Lumberg has said the following about the culture she grew up in: "Blood feud and the violence that exists in Roma culture can't be discussed in Finland. We can't accept that some groups hide behind culture to excuse stepping on human rights and freedom of speech," and "the problem is, that when a Gypsy dares to speak in public about the negative things happening in their own tribe, they face death threats. If a white person opens their mouth, they're accused of racism."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finnish_Romani_in_Sweden">Finnish Romani in Sweden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Finnish Romani in Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the 1950s, Finnish Romani have moved to Sweden, mainly due to better job opportunities and less discrimination.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 4,500 Finnish Romani live in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>. They are the only Romani group in Sweden who wear their traditional dress. In Sweden it is easier for Finnish Romani to get a job and an apartment due to more Swedish sounding surnames as well as a long tradition of multiculturalism in Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people_of_Kale_descent">Notable people of Kale descent</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable people of Kale descent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg/220px-Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg/330px-Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg/440px-Remu_Aaltonen_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1482" data-file-height="1234" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Remu_Aaltonen" title="Remu Aaltonen">Remu Aaltonen</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_people_of_Romani_descent" title="Category:Finnish people of Romani descent">Category:Finnish people of Romani descent</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Remu_Aaltonen" title="Remu Aaltonen">Remu Aaltonen</a>, drummer and singer<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veijo_Baltzar" title="Veijo Baltzar">Veijo Baltzar</a>, author and director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmine_(Finnish_singer)" title="Jasmine (Finnish singer)">Jasmine</a>, singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiba_Lumberg" title="Kiba Lumberg">Kiba Lumberg</a>, author, artist and critic of violence in Roma culture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_Lundberg" title="Amadeus Lundberg">Amadeus Lundberg</a>, singer, Tango King</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_Vuolasranta" title="Miranda Vuolasranta">Miranda Vuolasranta</a>, activist and educator</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kale_(Welsh_Roma)" title="Kale (Welsh Roma)">Welsh Kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanichal" title="Romanichal">Romanichal Travellers</a> (English Travellers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_and_Swedish_Travellers" title="Norwegian and Swedish Travellers">Romanisæl Travellers</a> (Norwegian & Swedish Travellers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Romani_and_Traveller_groups" title="Scottish Romani and Traveller groups">Scottish Lowland Travellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laiuse_Romani_language" title="Laiuse Romani language">Laiuse Romani language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Travellers" title="Irish Travellers">Irish Travellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_diaspora" title="Romani diaspora">Romani diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Finland" title="Romani people in Finland">Romani people in Finland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Suomen_romanit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Suomen_romanit_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stm.fi/julkaisut/esitteita-sarja/nayta/_julkaisu/1066489">"Julkaisut"</a>. <i>Sosiaali- ja terveysministeriö</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sosiaali-+ja+terveysministeri%C3%B6&rft.atitle=Julkaisut&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stm.fi%2Fjulkaisut%2Fesitteita-sarja%2Fnayta%2F_julkaisu%2F1066489&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iltalehti.fi/ulkomaat/a/54ab6dba-08ff-49d5-ab10-45746665cd56">"Suomen romanit ovat yli 4 000 ihmisen tuplavähemmistö Ruotsissa: "Suomi on meidänkin maamme"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>www.iltalehti.fi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.iltalehti.fi&rft.atitle=Suomen+romanit+ovat+yli+4+000+ihmisen+tuplav%C3%A4hemmist%C3%B6+Ruotsissa%3A+%22Suomi+on+meid%C3%A4nkin+maamme%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iltalehti.fi%2Fulkomaat%2Fa%2F54ab6dba-08ff-49d5-ab10-45746665cd56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rm.coe.int/factsheets-on-romani-culture-3-8-kaale-in-finland/1680aac39c">"Factsheet. Kaale in Finland"</a>. <i>rm.coe.int</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rm.coe.int&rft.atitle=Factsheet.+Kaale+in+Finland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frm.coe.int%2Ffactsheets-on-romani-culture-3-8-kaale-in-finland%2F1680aac39c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rmf">"Romani, Kalo Finnish"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Romani%2C+Kalo+Finnish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fshow_language.asp%3Fcode%3Drmf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eltzler. Zigenarna och deras avkomlingar i Sverige (Uppsala 1944) cited in: Angus. M. Fraser. The Gypsies (The Peoples of Europe) p120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://k2xx.spraakdata.gu.se/personal/lars/pblctns/FinnishRomani.pdf">"Finnish Romani"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>spraakdata.gu.se</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=spraakdata.gu.se&rft.atitle=Finnish+Romani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fk2xx.spraakdata.gu.se%2Fpersonal%2Flars%2Fpblctns%2FFinnishRomani.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mansetori.fi/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=486&Itemid=568">"Mansetori.fi"</a>. <i>mansetori.fi</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mansetori.fi&rft.atitle=Mansetori.fi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmansetori.fi%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D486%26Itemid%3D568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SKM-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SKM_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305094620/http://www.craftmuseum.fi/romanit/romanipuku/historiaa.htm">"Tie romanien elämään"</a> (in Finnish). Suomen käsityön museo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.craftmuseum.fi/romanit/romanipuku/historiaa.htm">the original</a> on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tie+romanien+el%C3%A4m%C3%A4%C3%A4n&rft.pub=Suomen+k%C3%A4sity%C3%B6n+museo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.craftmuseum.fi%2Fromanit%2Fromanipuku%2Fhistoriaa.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fmq.fi/articles/music-of-the-finnish-romani-roaming-and-singing">"Music of the Finnish Romani: roaming and singing"</a>. <i>FMQ</i>. 21 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FMQ&rft.atitle=Music+of+the+Finnish+Romani%3A+roaming+and+singing&rft.date=2017-08-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffmq.fi%2Farticles%2Fmusic-of-the-finnish-romani-roaming-and-singing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720192256/http://www.romanifoorumi.fi/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=62&Itemid=74">"Romanit Suomessa Suomen Romanifoorumi"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romanifoorumi.fi/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=62&Itemid=74">the original</a> on 20 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Romanit+Suomessa+Suomen+Romanifoorumi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.romanifoorumi.fi%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D62%26Itemid%3D74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716234517/http://www.ksml.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/heikko-koulutus-pit%C3%A4%C3%A4-romanit-poissa-ty%C3%B6el%C3%A4m%C3%A4st%C3%A4/220015">"Heikko koulutus pitää romanit poissa työelämästä"</a> [Low level of education keeps Romani out of employment]. <i><a href="/wiki/Keskisuomalainen" title="Keskisuomalainen">Keskisuomalainen</a></i> (in Finnish). 11 September 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ksml.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/heikko-koulutus-pit%C3%A4%C3%A4-romanit-poissa-ty%C3%B6el%C3%A4m%C3%A4st%C3%A4/220015">the original</a> on 16 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Keskisuomalainen&rft.atitle=Heikko+koulutus+pit%C3%A4%C3%A4+romanit+poissa+ty%C3%B6el%C3%A4m%C3%A4st%C3%A4&rft.date=2008-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksml.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fkotimaa%2Fheikko-koulutus-pit%25C3%25A4%25C3%25A4-romanit-poissa-ty%25C3%25B6el%25C3%25A4m%25C3%25A4st%25C3%25A4%2F220015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLumberg2007" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lumberg, Riku (19 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hs.fi/kotimaa/artikkeli/Riku+Lumbergin+avoin+kirje+romaniyhteis%C3%B6lle/1135229662785">"Riku Lumbergin avoin kirje romaniyhteisölle"</a> [Riku Lumberg's open letter to the Romani community]. <i><a href="/wiki/Helsingin_Sanomat" title="Helsingin Sanomat">Helsingin Sanomat</a></i> (in Finnish). Helsinki<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsingin+Sanomat&rft.atitle=Riku+Lumbergin+avoin+kirje+romaniyhteis%C3%B6lle&rft.date=2007-08-19&rft.aulast=Lumberg&rft.aufirst=Riku&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hs.fi%2Fkotimaa%2Fartikkeli%2FRiku%2BLumbergin%2Bavoin%2Bkirje%2Bromaniyhteis%25C3%25B6lle%2F1135229662785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVarpula2007" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Varpula, Sari (16 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080323141759/http://www.sana.fi/etusivu/ajassa/taiteilija_kiba_lumberg_sieluni_ei_mahdu_mustalaishameeseen/">"Taiteilija Kiba Lumberg: Sieluni ei mahdu mustalaishameeseen"</a>. <i>Sana</i> (in Finnish). Helsinki. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sana.fi/etusivu/ajassa/taiteilija_kiba_lumberg_sieluni_ei_mahdu_mustalaishameeseen/">the original</a> on 23 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sana&rft.atitle=Taiteilija+Kiba+Lumberg%3A+Sieluni+ei+mahdu+mustalaishameeseen&rft.date=2007-08-16&rft.aulast=Varpula&rft.aufirst=Sari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sana.fi%2Fetusivu%2Fajassa%2Ftaiteilija_kiba_lumberg_sieluni_ei_mahdu_mustalaishameeseen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.levandehistoria.se/node/5701">"2. Romer i Sverige"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2.+Romer+i+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.levandehistoria.se%2Fnode%2F5701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kaleva.fi/tuhannet-suomen-romanit-loysivat-pysyvan-kodin-ruo/1731793">"Tuhannet Suomen romanit löysivät pysyvän kodin Ruotsista – monien mielestä elämä on parempaa Pohjanlahden takana"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tuhannet+Suomen+romanit+l%C3%B6ysiv%C3%A4t+pysyv%C3%A4n+kodin+Ruotsista+%E2%80%93+monien+mielest%C3%A4+el%C3%A4m%C3%A4+on+parempaa+Pohjanlahden+takana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kaleva.fi%2Ftuhannet-suomen-romanit-loysivat-pysyvan-kodin-ruo%2F1731793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRantala1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rantala, Risto, ed. (1998). <i>Kuka kukin on: Henkilötietoja nykypolven suomalaisista 1998</i> (in Finnish). Helsinki: Otava. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/951-1-14344-1" title="Special:BookSources/951-1-14344-1"><bdi>951-1-14344-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kuka+kukin+on%3A+Henkil%C3%B6tietoja+nykypolven+suomalaisista+1998&rft.place=Helsinki&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Otava&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=951-1-14344-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFinnish+Kale" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716231349/http://www.stm.fi/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=28707&name=DLFE-3777.pdf&title=Finland_s_Romani_People___Finitiko_Romaseele_en.pdf">Finland's Romani People — Finitiko romaseele</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tem.fi/files/20264/TEMJul_22_2008_tyo_ja_yrittajyys_summary.pdf">Paper on the unemployment of Finnish Kale by the Ministry of Labour (English summary included)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Immigration_to_Finland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immigration_to_Finland" title="Template:Immigration to Finland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Immigration_to_Finland" title="Template talk:Immigration to Finland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration_to_Finland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration to Finland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Immigration_to_Finland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Finland" title="Immigration to Finland">Immigration to Finland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_Nordic_countries" title="Albanians in the Nordic countries">Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_people_in_Finland" title="Dutch people in Finland">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonians_in_Finland" title="Estonians in Finland">Estonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_Finland" title="Germans in Finland">Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarians_in_Finland" title="Hungarians in Finland">Hungarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians_in_Finland" title="Italians in Finland">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Finland" title="History of the Jews in Finland">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Finns" title="Latvian Finns">Latvians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegians_in_Finland" title="Norwegians in Finland">Norwegians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_diaspora#Finland" title="Polish diaspora">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_in_Finland" title="Portuguese in Finland">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Finland" title="Romani people in Finland">Romani</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanians_in_Finland" title="Romanians in Finland">Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Finland" title="Russians in Finland">Russians</a></li> <li><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suomen_sveitsil%C3%A4iset" class="extiw" title="fi:Suomen sveitsiläiset">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Tatars" title="Finnish Tatars">Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians_in_Finland" title="Ukrainians in Finland">Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/100px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/150px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/200px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_Finland" title="Arabs in Finland">Arabs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqis_in_Finland" title="Iraqis in Finland">Iraqis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrians_in_Finland" title="Syrians in Finland">Syrians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Finland" title="Assyrians in Finland">Assyrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Iranians" title="Finnish Iranians">Iranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Finland" title="Kurds in Finland">Kurds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Finland" title="Turks in Finland">Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South & East Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghans_in_Finland" title="Afghans in Finland">Afghans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Finland" title="Chinese people in Finland">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Finland" title="Indians in Finland">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistanis in Finland">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suomen_thaimaalaiset" class="extiw" title="fi:Suomen thaimaalaiset">Thais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people_in_Finland" title="Vietnamese people in Finland">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_in_Finland" title="African diaspora in Finland">Africans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerians_in_Finland" title="Nigerians in Finland">Nigerians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalis_in_Finland" title="Somalis in Finland">Somalis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_migration_to_Finland" title="Latin American migration to Finland">Latin Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chileans_in_Finland" title="Chileans in Finland">Chileans</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_people_by_descent" title="Category:Finnish people by descent">Citizens of foreign descent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Expatriates_in_Finland" title="Category:Expatriates in Finland">Expatriates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Immigrants_to_Finland" title="Category:Immigrants to Finland">Immigrants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Naturalized_citizens_of_Finland" title="Category:Naturalized citizens of Finland">Naturalized citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Refugees_in_Finland" title="Category:Refugees in Finland">Refugees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Finland" title="Demographics of Finland">Demographics of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Finland" title="Ethnic groups in Finland">Ethnic groups in Finland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romani_diaspora" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romani_diaspora" title="Template:Romani diaspora"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romani_diaspora" title="Template talk:Romani diaspora"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romani_diaspora" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romani diaspora"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romani_diaspora" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romani_diaspora" title="Romani diaspora">Romani diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romani_settlements" title="List of Romani settlements">Settlements</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgroups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Uncontested</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arlije" title="Arlije">Arlije</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergitka_Roma" title="Bergitka Roma">Bergitka Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyash" title="Boyash">Boyash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgenland_Roma" title="Burgenland Roma">Burgenland Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascarots" title="Cascarots">Cascarots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanichal" title="Romanichal">English Romanichal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erromintxela" class="mw-redirect" title="Erromintxela">Erromintxela</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Finnish Kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalderash" title="Kalderash">Kalderash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovari" title="Lovari">Lovari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Machvaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Machvaya">Machvaya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manouche" title="Manouche">Manouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim Roma">Muslim Roma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zargari_tribe" title="Zargari tribe">Zargari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polska_Roma" title="Polska Roma">Polska Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruska_Roma" title="Ruska Roma">Ruska Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_and_Swedish_Travellers" title="Norwegian and Swedish Travellers">Scandinavian Travellers (Tavinger, Romanisæl)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Romani_and_Itinerant_people_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Romani and Itinerant people groups">Scottish Travellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepe%C4%8Dides_Romani" title="Sepečides Romani">Sepečides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servitka_Roma" title="Servitka Roma">Servitka Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinti" title="Sinti">Sinti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursari" title="Ursari">Ursari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kale_(Welsh_Romanies)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kale (Welsh Romanies)">Welsh Kale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Contested</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashkali_and_Balkan_Egyptians" title="Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians">Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dom_people" title="Dom people">Dom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garachi" title="Garachi">Garachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doms_in_Iraq" title="Doms in Iraq">Kawliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawar_people" title="Nawar people">Nawar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom_people" title="Lom people">Bosha/Lom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_people" title="Lori people">Lori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyuli" title="Lyuli">Lyuli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Albania" title="Romani people in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Algeria" title="Romani people in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Argentina" title="Romani people in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Australia" title="Romani people in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Austria" title="Romani people in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Belarus" title="Romani people in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Belgium" title="Romani people in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Romani people in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Brazil" title="Romani people in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Bulgaria" title="Romani people in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Canada" title="Romani people in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Colombia" title="Romani people in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Croatia" title="Romani people in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Cyprus" title="Romani people in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Romani people in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Czechoslovakia" title="Romani people in Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Denmark" title="Romani people in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Estonia" title="Romani people in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_France" title="Romani people in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Romani people in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Germany" title="Romani people in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Greece" title="Romani people in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Hungary" title="Romani people in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Ireland" title="Romani people in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doms_in_Israel" title="Doms in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Italy" title="Romani people in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Kosovo" title="Romani people in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Latvia" title="Romani people in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Lithuania" title="Romani people in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Moldova" title="Romani people in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Montenegro" title="Romani people in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_North_Macedonia" title="Romani people in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Norway" title="Romani people in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_Netherlands" title="Romani people in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Poland" title="Romani people in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Portugal" title="Romani people in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Romania" title="Romani people in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Russia" title="Romani people in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Serbia" title="Romani people in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Slovakia" title="Romani people in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Slovenia" title="Romani people in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_Basque_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in the Basque Country">Basque Country</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijitoak_Euskal_Herrian" class="extiw" title="eu:Ijitoak Euskal Herrian">eu</a>]</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Sweden" title="Romani people in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Switzerland" title="Romani people in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani people in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Turkey" title="Romani people in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Ukraine" title="Romani people in Ukraine">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Roma" title="Crimean Roma">Crimea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_Americans" title="Romani Americans">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Uruguay" title="Romani people in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Romani people in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subgroups_and_diaspora_of_Finnish_people" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Finns" title="Template:Finns"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Finns" title="Template talk:Finns"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Finns" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Finns"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subgroups_and_diaspora_of_Finnish_people" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Subgroups and <a href="/wiki/Finnish_diaspora" title="Finnish diaspora">diaspora</a> of <a href="/wiki/Finns" title="Finns">Finnish people</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional subgroups or <a href="/wiki/Finnish_tribes" title="Finnish tribes">tribes</a> (<span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">heimot</i></span>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finns_proper" title="Finns proper">Finns proper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavastians" title="Tavastians">Tavastians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelians_(Finns)" title="Karelians (Finns)">Karelians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savonian_people" title="Savonian people">Savonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrobothnians" title="Ostrobothnians">Ostrobothnians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kainuu_people" title="Kainuu people">Kainuu people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_diaspora" title="Finnish diaspora">Diaspora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Argentine" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Argentine">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Brazilians" title="Nordic Brazilians">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Canadians" title="Finnish Canadians">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Findians" title="Findians">Findians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Americans" title="Finnish Americans">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Findians" title="Findians">Findians</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finns_in_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finns in Norway (page does not exist)">Norway</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norjansuomalaiset" class="extiw" title="fi:Norjansuomalaiset">fi</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Finns" title="Forest Finns">Forest Finns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kven_people" title="Kven people">Kvens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finns_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finns in Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%A4j%C3%A4nsuomalaiset" class="extiw" title="fi:Venäjänsuomalaiset">fi</a>; <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Финны в России">ru</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingrian_Finns" title="Ingrian Finns">Ingrians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%84yr%C3%A4m%C3%B6iset" title="Äyrämöiset">Äyrämöiset</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savakot" title="Savakot">Savakot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Finns" title="Siberian Finns">Siberian Finns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Ingrian_Finnish" title="Siberian Ingrian Finnish">Korlaks</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Finns" title="Murmansk Finns">Murmansk Finns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_Finns" title="Sweden Finns">Sweden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Finns" title="Forest Finns">Forest Finns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tornedalians" title="Tornedalians">Tornedalians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finns_in_Switzerland" title="Finns in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Australians" title="Finnish Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_New_Zealanders" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diaspora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_emigrants" title="Category:Finnish emigrants">Emigrants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_expatriates" title="Category:Finnish expatriates">Expatriates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_Finnish_descent" title="Category:People of Finnish descent">People of Finnish descent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_refugees" title="Category:Finnish refugees">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Finnish_Americans" title="List of Finnish Americans">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&oldid=1254206367">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&oldid=1254206367</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_Kale" title="Category:Finnish Kale">Finnish Kale</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Romani_groups" title="Category:Romani groups">Romani groups</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Romani_in_Sweden" title="Category:Romani in Sweden">Romani in Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Finland" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Finland">Ethnic groups in Finland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_people_of_Scottish_descent" title="Category:Finnish people of Scottish descent">Finnish people of Scottish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_people_of_Swedish_descent" title="Category:Finnish people of Swedish descent">Finnish people of Swedish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finnish_people_of_Indian_descent" title="Category:Finnish people of Indian descent">Finnish people of Indian descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Romanichal" title="Category:Romanichal">Romanichal</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Finnish-language_sources_(fi)" title="Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)">CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2023">Use dmy dates from November 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%22Related_ethnic_groups%22_needing_confirmation" title="Category:"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation">"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Romani-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Romani-language text">Articles containing Romani-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Swedish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Swedish-language text">Articles containing Swedish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Finnish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Finnish-language text">Articles containing Finnish-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 October 2024, at 22:13<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Kale&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ckdzv","wgBackendResponseTime":213,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.647","walltime":"0.829","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4067,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":136355,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":11540,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":93081,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 711.884 1 -total"," 22.67% 161.391 1 Template:Reflist"," 18.42% 131.115 1 Template:Romani_people"," 18.04% 128.390 1 Template:Ethnic_group_sidebar"," 17.39% 123.778 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 17.01% 121.112 11 Template:Cite_web"," 15.57% 110.805 3 Template:Langx"," 12.20% 86.878 2 Template:Short_description"," 11.57% 82.366 6 Template:Navbox"," 8.50% 60.532 1 Template:Infobox_ethnic_group"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.401","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19012710,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-82sg8","timestamp":"20241122142213","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Finnish Kale","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finnish_Kale","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3812650","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3812650","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-02-11T20:55:00Z","dateModified":"2024-10-29T22:13:43Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f3\/Romani_People_in_Malmi_1930_%282164%3B_JOKAHBL3B_A14-5%29.tif","headline":"Romani subgroup in Finland"}</script> </body> </html>