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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journalistic_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Journalistic activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journalistic_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playwright_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playwright_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Playwright activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Playwright_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translator_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translator_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Translator activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translator_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Political activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romanian_"Duce"_or_"Führer"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romanian_"Duce"_or_"Führer""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Romanian "Duce" or "Führer"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romanian_"Duce"_or_"Führer"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goga_and_Freemasonry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goga_and_Freemasonry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Goga and Freemasonry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goga_and_Freemasonry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_to_the_Romanian_Academy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_to_the_Romanian_Academy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Election to the Romanian Academy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_to_the_Romanian_Academy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quotations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quotations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Quotations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quotations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Writings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Writings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Writings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Writings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Poetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Poetry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Plays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Octavian Goga</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A5%ED%83%80%EB%B9%84%EC%95%88_%EA%B3%A0%EA%B0%80" title="옥타비안 고가 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="옥타비안 고가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%A1" title="Օկտավիան Գոգա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օկտավիան Գոգա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%92%D7%94" title="אוקטביאן גוגה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוקטביאן גוגה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavianus_Goga" title="Octavianus Goga – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Octavianus Goga" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7" title="اوكتاڤيان جوجا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوكتاڤيان جوجا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0,_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гога, Октавиан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гога, Октавиан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Octavian Goga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D2%90%D0%BE%D2%91%D0%B0" title="Октавіан Ґоґа – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Октавіан Ґоґа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q223414#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="View the content page [c]" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Romanian politician and poet (1881–1938)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Octavian Goga</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Octavian_Goga_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Octavian_Goga_%281%29.jpg/220px-Octavian_Goga_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Octavian_Goga_%281%29.jpg/330px-Octavian_Goga_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Octavian_Goga_%281%29.jpg/440px-Octavian_Goga_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="1290" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">37th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister of Romania</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 December 1937 – 10 February 1938</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carol_II_of_Romania" title="Carol II of Romania">Carol II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="Gheorghe Tătărescu">Gheorghe Tătărescu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Miron_Cristea" class="mw-redirect" title="Miron Cristea">Miron Cristea</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Romania)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Romania)">Minister of the Interior</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 March 1926 – 4 June 1927</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Alexandru Averescu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I. C. Brătianu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barbu_%C8%98tirbey" title="Barbu Știrbey">Barbu Știrbey</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(interim)</span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_National_Identity_(Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Culture and National Identity (Romania)">Minister of Culture and Religious Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 December 1919 – 16 December 1919</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Alexandru Vaida-Voevod</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Alexandru Lupescu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ion_Borcea" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion Borcea">Ion Borcea</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />13 June 1920 – 16 December 1921</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Alexandru Averescu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ion_Borcea" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion Borcea">Ion Borcea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vasile Dumitrescu-Brăila</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Co-Leader of the <a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">National Christian Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />16 July 1935 – 10 February 1938<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/A._C._Cuza" title="A. C. Cuza">A. C. Cuza</a> & <a href="/wiki/Nichifor_Crainic" title="Nichifor Crainic">Nichifor Crainic</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Himself</i> (as president of the <a href="/wiki/National_Agrarian_Party" title="National Agrarian Party">National Agrarian Party</a>) <br /> <a href="/wiki/A._C._Cuza" title="A. C. Cuza">A. C. Cuza</a> (as president of the <a href="/wiki/National-Christian_Defense_League" title="National-Christian Defense League">National-Christian Defense League</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>None</i> (party banned under the <a href="/wiki/1938_Constitution_of_Romania" title="1938 Constitution of Romania">1938 Constitution</a>)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Founding President of the <a href="/wiki/National_Agrarian_Party" title="National Agrarian Party">National Agrarian Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />10 April 1932 – 16 July 1935</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Himself</i> (party merged into the <a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">National Christian Party</a>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1881-04-01</span>)</span>April 1, 1881<br /><a href="/wiki/R%C4%83%C8%99inari" title="Rășinari">Resinár</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">May 7, 1938<span style="display:none">(1938-05-07)</span> (aged 57)<br /><a href="/wiki/Ciucea" title="Ciucea">Ciucea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cluj_County" title="Cluj County">Cluj County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Party" title="Romanian National Party">Romanian National Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(before 1918)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(interwar_Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Party (interwar Romania)">People's Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1918–1932)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Agrarian_Party_(Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Agrarian Party (Romania)">National Agrarian Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1932–1935)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">National Christian Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1935–1938)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Hortensia Goga (b. Cosma) </div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1906⁠–⁠1920)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veturia_Goga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veturia Goga (page does not exist)">Veturia Goga</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veturia_Goga" class="extiw" title="ro:Veturia Goga">ro</a>]</span> (b. Mureșan) </div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1921⁠–⁠1938)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data">poet, journalist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Goga_signature.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Octavian Goga's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Goga_signature.jpg/128px-Goga_signature.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Goga_signature.jpg/192px-Goga_signature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Goga_signature.jpg/256px-Goga_signature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1493" data-file-height="840" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td 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.sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle">Fascism in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Various Romanian fascist symbols"><img alt="Various Romanian fascist symbols" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg/120px-Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg/180px-Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg/240px-Romanian_fascist_symbols.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="188" data-file-height="199" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#66CDAA;text-align:center;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Italo-Romanian_Cultural_and_Economic_Movement" title="National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement">MNFIR</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Romanian_Fascio" title="National Romanian Fascio">Fascio</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-Christian_Defense_League" title="National-Christian Defense League">LANC</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Movement" title="National Fascist Movement">MNF</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romanian_Action&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romanian Action (page does not exist)">Romanian Action</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Guard" title="Iron Guard">Iron Guard</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citizen_Bloc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citizen Bloc (page does not exist)">Citizen Bloc</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Party_(Romania)" title="National Socialist Party (Romania)">PNSR</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Guard_death_squads" title="Iron Guard death squads">Iron Guard death squads</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Romanianism" title="Crusade of Romanianism">Crusade of Romanianism</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Front" title="Romanian Front">FR</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">PNC</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_People%27s_Party_(Romania)" title="German People's Party (Romania)">PPGR</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpul_Muncitoresc_Legionar" title="Corpul Muncitoresc Legionar">CML</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Renaissance_Front" title="National Renaissance Front">FRN</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Youth_Labour" title="Romanian Youth Labour">MTR</a> (1942)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#66CDAA;text-align:center;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)">Leaders</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Antonescu" title="Ion Antonescu">Antonescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Bacaloglu" title="Elena Bacaloglu">Bacaloglu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Bonfert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Bonfert (page does not exist)">Bonfert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Cantacuzino-Gr%C4%83nicerul" title="Gheorghe Cantacuzino-Grănicerul">Cantacuzino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corneliu_Zelea_Codreanu" title="Corneliu Zelea Codreanu">Codreanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nichifor_Crainic" title="Nichifor Crainic">Crainic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Cuza" title="A. C. Cuza">Cuza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigore_For%C8%9Bu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grigore Forțu (page does not exist)">Forțu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Goga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_A._L%C4%83z%C4%83reanu-L%C4%83zuric%C4%83" title="Gheorghe A. Lăzăreanu-Lăzurică">Lăzurică</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Manoilescu" title="Mihail Manoilescu">Manoilescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horia_Sima" title="Horia Sima">Sima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Stelescu" title="Mihai Stelescu">Stelescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98tefan_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ștefan Tătărescu (page does not exist)">Tătărescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Vaida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titus_Panaitescu_Vifor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titus Panaitescu Vifor (page does not exist)">Vifor</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#66CDAA;text-align:center;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)">Periodicals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Buna_Vestire" title="Buna Vestire">Buna Vestire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cuv%C3%A2ntul" title="Cuvântul">Cuvântul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2ndirea" title="Gândirea">Gândirea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sfarm%C4%83-Piatr%C4%83" title="Sfarmă-Piatră">Sfarmă-Piatră</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Țara Noastră (page does not exist)">Țara Noastră</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#66CDAA;text-align:center;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)">Ideology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_the_Romanian_Orthodox_Church_and_the_Iron_Guard" title="Relationship between the Romanian Orthodox Church and the Iron Guard">The Orthodox Church and the Iron Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legionary_State" title="National Legionary State">National Legionary State</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_My_Legionaries" title="For My Legionaries">For My Legionaries</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Legionarism" title="Neo-Legionarism">Neo-Legionarism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#66CDAA;text-align:center;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)">Events</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funerals_of_Ion_Mo%C8%9Ba_and_Vasile_Marin" title="Funerals of Ion Moța and Vasile Marin">Moța–Marin funerals</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilava_massacre" title="Jilava massacre">Jilava massacre</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionnaires%27_rebellion_and_Bucharest_pogrom" title="Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom">Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom</a> (1941)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fascism_in_Romania" title="Template:Fascism in Romania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fascism_in_Romania" title="Template talk:Fascism in Romania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fascism_in_Romania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fascism in Romania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitism" title="Category:Antisemitism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yellow_badge" title="Yellow badge"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yellowbadge_logo.svg/100px-Yellowbadge_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yellowbadge_logo.svg/150px-Yellowbadge_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yellowbadge_logo.svg/200px-Yellowbadge_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="503" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Part of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_history" title="Jewish history">Jewish history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism" title="History of antisemitism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_antisemitism" title="Timeline of antisemitism">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_writers_on_antisemitism" title="List of writers on antisemitism">Reference</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base);border-top:none;">Definitions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Working_definition_of_antisemitism" title="Working definition of antisemitism">IHRA definition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Declaration_on_Antisemitism" title="Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism">Jerusalem Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Nexus Task Force">Nexus Document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Ds_of_antisemitism" title="Three Ds of antisemitism">Three Ds</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base);border-top:none;"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of antisemitism">Geography</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Argentina" title="Antisemitism in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Australia" title="Antisemitism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Austria" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Belgium" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Canada" title="Antisemitism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_China" title="Antisemitism in China">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Chile" title="Antisemitism in Chile">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Antisemitism in Costa Rica">Costa Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Europe" title="Antisemitism in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_France" title="Antisemitism in France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dreyfus_affair" title="Dreyfus affair">Dreyfus affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_France" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century France">21st-century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_Germany" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Greece" title="Antisemitism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Hungary" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_Italy" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Japan" title="Antisemitism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_New_Zealand" title="Antisemitism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Pakistan" title="Antisemitism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Racism in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Romania" title="Antisemitism in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Russia" title="Antisemitism in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Antisemitism in the Russian Empire">Imperial Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Antisemitism in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin_and_antisemitism" title="Joseph Stalin and antisemitism">Stalinist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Antisemitism in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_textbook_controversy" title="Saudi Arabian textbook controversy">textbook controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_South_Africa" title="Antisemitism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Spain" title="Antisemitism in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matar_jud%C3%ADos" title="Matar judíos">Matar judíos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Sweden" title="Antisemitism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Turkey" title="Antisemitism in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Ukraine" title="Antisemitism in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Antisemitism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_UK_Conservative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the UK Conservative Party">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_UK_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party">Labour Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">USA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="History of antisemitism in the United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States_in_the_21st_century" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the United States in the 21st century">21st century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Venezuela" title="Antisemitism in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base);border-top:none;">Manifestations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universities_and_antisemitism" title="Universities and antisemitism">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Arab_world" title="Antisemitism in the Arab world">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_antisemitism" title="Economic antisemitism">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_incidents_during_the_Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Antisemitic incidents during the Gaza War (2008–2009)">Gaza War ('08-'09)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_during_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Antisemitism during the Israel–Hamas war">Israel-Hamas war ('23-'24)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish antisemitism">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_antisemitism" title="Medieval antisemitism">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">Neo-Nazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_antisemitism" title="New antisemitism">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Olympic_Games" title="Antisemitism in the Olympic Games">Olympic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_antisemitism" title="Racial antisemitism">Racial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_antisemitism" title="Religious antisemitism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Christianity" title="Antisemitism in Christianity">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Identity" title="Christian Identity">Christian Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creativity_(religion)" title="Creativity (religion)">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Islam" title="Antisemitism in Islam">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam_and_antisemitism" title="Nation of Islam and antisemitism">Nation of Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_antisemitism" title="Secondary antisemitism">Secondary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_antisemitism" title="Zionist antisemitism">Zionist</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_trope" title="Antisemitic trope">Antisemitic tropes</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andinia_Plan" title="Andinia Plan">Andinia Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_libel" title="Blood libel">Blood libel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohen_Plan" title="Cohen Plan">Cohen Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Bolshevism" title="Cultural Bolshevism">Cultural Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Marxism_conspiracy_theory" title="Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory">Cultural Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_deicide" title="Jewish deicide">Deicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_canards#Controlling_the_world_financial_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic canards">Finance control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Prophecy" title="Franklin Prophecy">Franklin Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration#Medieval_accusations_against_Jews" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Jewish_conspiracy" title="International Jewish conspiracy">International<wbr /> Jewish conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_lobby#Viewed_as_antisemitic_and/or_pejorative" title="Jewish lobby">Jewish lobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_war_conspiracy_theory" title="Jewish war conspiracy theory">Jewish war conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judensau" title="Judensau">Judensau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Bolshevism" title="Jewish Bolshevism">Judeo-Bolshevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBydokomuna" title="Żydokomuna">Żydokomuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Masonic_conspiracy_theory" title="Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory">Judeo-Masonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_tax_conspiracy_theory" title="Kosher tax conspiracy theory">Kosher tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_canards#Controlling_the_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic canards">Media control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QAnon#Antisemitism" title="QAnon">QAnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rootless_cosmopolitan" title="Rootless cosmopolitan">Rootless cosmopolitan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doctors%27_plot" title="Doctors' plot">Doctors' plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_trial" title="Slánský trial">Slánský trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-hating_Jew" title="Self-hating Jew">Self-hating Jew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stab-in-the-back_myth" title="Stab-in-the-back myth">Stab-in-the-back myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_poisoning#History_of_well_poisoning_as_libel" title="Well poisoning">Well poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_genocide_conspiracy_theory#Neo-Nazis'_accusations_against_Jews" title="White genocide conspiracy theory">White genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Occupation_Government_conspiracy_theory" title="Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory">ZOG conspiracy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitic_publications" title="Category:Antisemitic publications">Antisemitic publications</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Barnes_Review" title="The Barnes Review">The Barnes Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Culture_of_Critique_series" title="The Culture of Critique series">Culture of Critique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_Wars" title="Currency Wars">Currency Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dearborn_Independent" title="The Dearborn Independent">The Dearborn Independent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Cleansing_(video_game)" title="Ethnic Cleansing (video game)">Ethnic Cleansing <i>(video game)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_France_juive" title="La France juive">La France juive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitlers_Zweites_Buch" title="Hitlers Zweites Buch">Hitlers Zweites Buch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_(Pierce_novel)" title="Hunter (Pierce novel)">Hunter (William Luther Pierce)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Hamas_charter" title="1988 Hamas charter">1988 Hamas Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_International_Jew" title="The International Jew">The International Jew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Libre_Parole" title="La Libre Parole">La Libre Parole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Light_(newspaper)" title="The Light (newspaper)">The Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mein_Kampf" title="Mein Kampf">Mein Kampf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Jews_and_Their_Lies" title="On the Jews and Their Lies">On the Jews and Their Lies</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Our_Race_Will_Rule_Undisputed_Over_The_World" title="Our Race Will Rule Undisputed Over The World">Our Race Will Rule<br />Undisputed Over The World</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Protocols_of_the_Elders_of_Zion" title="The Protocols of the Elders of Zion">Protocols of the Elders of Zion</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Relationship_Between_Blacks_and_Jews" title="The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews">The Secret Relationship<br />Between Blacks and Jews</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_(Mason_book)" title="Siege (Mason book)">Siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Turner_Diaries" title="The Turner Diaries">The Turner Diaries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews" title="Persecution of Jews">Persecution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhineland_massacres" title="Rhineland massacres">Rhineland massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews_during_the_Black_Death" title="Persecution of Jews during the Black Death">Black Death persecutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Jewish_boycotts" title="Anti-Jewish boycotts">Boycotts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsions_and_exoduses_of_Jews" title="Expulsions and exoduses of Jews">Expulsions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quarter_(diaspora)" title="Jewish quarter (diaspora)">Jewish quarter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_ghettos_in_Europe" title="Jewish ghettos in Europe">Ghettos in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellah" title="Mellah">Mellah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_hat" title="Jewish hat">Jewish hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quota" title="Jewish quota">Jewish quota</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judensau" title="Judensau">Judensau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrdom_in_Judaism" title="Martyrdom in Judaism">Martyrdom in Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws" title="Nuremberg Laws">Nuremberg Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement" title="Pale of Settlement">Pale of Settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">Pogroms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pogroms_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Pogroms in the Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogroms_during_the_Russian_Civil_War" title="Pogroms during the Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusenik" title="Refusenik">Refuseniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_segregation" title="Religious segregation">Segregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Inquisition" title="Spanish Inquisition">Spanish Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_badge" title="Yellow badge">Yellow badge</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Antisemitism on the Internet</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//pol/" title="/pol/">4chan (/pol/)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8chan" title="8chan">8chan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disclose.tv" title="Disclose.tv">Disclose.tv</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Europa:_The_Last_Battle" title="Europa: The Last Battle">Europa: The Last Battle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goebbels_Gap" class="mw-redirect" title="Goebbels Gap">Goebbels Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoyimTV" class="mw-redirect" title="GoyimTV">GoyimTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groypers" title="Groypers">Groypers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jew_Watch" title="Jew Watch">Jew Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapedia" title="Metapedia">Metapedia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Observer" title="Occidental Observer">The Occidental Observer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ice" title="Red Ice">Red Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renegade_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Renegade Tribune">Renegade Tribune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)"><i>The Right Stuff</i> (blog)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StoneToss" title="StoneToss">StoneToss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormfront_(website)" title="Stormfront (website)">Stormfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorgram" title="Terrorgram">Terrorgram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_parentheses" title="Triple parentheses">Triple parentheses</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TruNews" title="TruNews">TruNews</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Unz_Review" title="The Unz Review">The Unz Review</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterans_Today" title="Veterans Today">Veterans Today</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Anti-antisemitism" title="Anti-antisemitism">Opposition</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Campaign_Against_Antisemitism" title="Campaign Against Antisemitism">Campaign Against Antisemitism</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Security_Trust" title="Community Security Trust">Community Security Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Rights_Agency" title="Fundamental Rights Agency">Fundamental Rights Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosemitism" title="Philosemitism">Philosemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Wiesenthal_Center" title="Simon Wiesenthal Center">Simon Wiesenthal Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Roth_Institute" title="Stephen Roth Institute">Stephen Roth Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Committee_Against_Antisemitism" title="Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism">Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Councils_for_Soviet_Jews" title="Union of Councils for Soviet Jews">Union of Councils for Soviet Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_Watch" title="UN Watch">UN Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Strategy_to_Counter_Antisemitism" title="U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism">U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiener_Holocaust_Library" title="Wiener Holocaust Library">Wiener Holocaust Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_definition_of_antisemitism" title="Working definition of antisemitism">Working definition of antisemitism</a> (IHRA) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Declaration_on_Antisemitism" title="Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism">Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Ds_of_antisemitism" title="Three Ds of antisemitism">Three Ds of antisemitism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitism" title="Category:Antisemitism">Category</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antisemitism_sidebar" title="Template:Antisemitism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antisemitism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Antisemitism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antisemitism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antisemitism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Octavian Goga</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Romanian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ro-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian" title="Help:IPA/Romanian">[oktaviˈan<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈɡoɡa]</a></span>; 1 April 1881 – 7 May 1938) was a <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a> politician, <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">playwright</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Translator" class="mw-redirect" title="Translator">translator</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Octavian Goga was born on 1 April 1881 in the village of <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83%C8%99inari" title="Rășinari">Rășinari</a>, on the northern slopes of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Carpathians" title="Southern Carpathians">Southern Carpathians</a>, in the house at 778 Ulița Popilor, the son of the <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(Eastern_Orthodox_Church)" title="Priesthood (Eastern Orthodox Church)">Orthodox priest</a> Iosif Goga and Aurelia, a teacher (and a collaborator in his youth at the newspaper <i>Telegraful Român</i> and the magazine <i>Familia</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-MacGregor-Hastie_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacGregor-Hastie-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1886 and 1890 Goga attended <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a> in his native village, having Moise Frățilă, a patriotic intellectual and the possible character in the poem <i>Dascălul</i>, as his sister Victoria, who died early, was the character in <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/D%C4%83sc%C4%83li%C8%9Ba">Dăscălița</a></i>. </p><p>Most of his holidays, as he recounts in various autobiographical texts, were spent in his father's native village, <a href="/wiki/Cetatea_de_Balt%C4%83" title="Cetatea de Baltă">Crăciunelu de Sus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alba_County" title="Alba County">Alba County</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rnava_Mic%C4%83" title="Târnava Mică">Târnava Mică</a>, now part of the commune of <a href="/wiki/Cetatea_de_Balt%C4%83" title="Cetatea de Baltă">Cetatea de Baltă</a>, where about 20% of the families in the village bear the name Goga. The poet said: "The life of the peasants on the <i>delnițele Crăciunelului</i> was my inspiration for <i>Plugarii & Clăcașii</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1890 the poet enrolled at the state high school in <a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a> (today the <a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Laz%C4%83r_National_College_(Sibiu)" title="Gheorghe Lazăr National College (Sibiu)">Gheorghe Lazăr National College</a>), which he attended until 1899, when he transferred to the Romanian high school in <a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov" title="Brașov">Brașov</a> (today the <a href="/wiki/Andrei_%C8%98aguna_National_College_(Bra%C8%99ov)" title="Andrei Șaguna National College (Brașov)">Andrei Șaguna National College</a>). After graduating from high school in 1900, he enrolled at the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Budapest" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Budapest">University of Budapest</a>, continuing his studies in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> and completing them in 1904. </p><p>On 14 October 1906 he married Hortensia Cosma, the youngest daughter of the politician and banker Partenie Cosma, director of the Albina Bank in Sibiu, one of the wealthiest <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a> in <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ceremony took place at the Metropolitan Cathedral in Sibiu, with Alexandrina and <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vlahu%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Alexandru Vlahuță">Alexandru Vlahuță</a> as godparents. The marriage broke up after 14 years, when Goga fell in love with the singer Veturia Triteanu, born Mureșan<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_VeturiaA"><a href="#ref_VeturiaA"><b><sup>A</sup></b></a></span> , whom he married in January 1921. </p><p>Goga was a member of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romanian_National_Committee_(1918)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romanian National Committee (1918) (page does not exist)">Romanian National Committee</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comitetul_Na%C8%9Bional_Rom%C3%A2n_(1918)" class="extiw" title="ro:Comitetul Național Român (1918)">ro</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Debut_in_journalism">Debut in journalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Debut in journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the issue of 12–24 December (no. 275, p. 1098) the newspaper <i>Tribuna</i> (Sibiu) published his first poem, <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Atunci_%C8%99i_acum">Atunci și acum</a></i>, signed "Tavi". Ion Pop-Reteganul from the <i>Revista Ilustrată</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bistri%C8%9Ba" title="Bistrița">Bistrița</a>) wrote to him at the editorial office: "You have talent, young friend, cultivate it with diligence, for you can become great. The good day in the morning shows itself. Don't neglect your student duties." After this encouragement, the poem <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Nu-i%20fericire%20pe%20p%C4%83m%C3%A2nt">Nu-i fericire pe pământ</a></i> is published on half a page.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Goga, a student at the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian-language</a> high school in <a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a>, had not yet turned seventeen. </p><p>The following poems he published in <a href="/wiki/Iosif_Vulcan" title="Iosif Vulcan">Iosif Vulcan</a>'s <i>Revista Familia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Oradea" title="Oradea">Oradea</a>, year XXXIV, 1898, no. 44, p. 13, November) and in the newspapers <i>Tribuna and Luceafărul</i> (no. 11, 1 December 1902, no. 14 - 15, 1 August 1903) were signed, above all, also "Octavian" and then "Nic. Otavă". It was not until 15 September 1903 that he signed his first poem (<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Sf%C3%A2r%C8%99it%20de%20septembrie">Sfârșit de septembrie</a>) in <i>Luceafărul</i> under the name "Octavian Goga". </p><p>On July 1, 1902, <i><a href="/wiki/Luceaf%C4%83rul_(magazine)" title="Luceafărul (magazine)">Luceafărul</a></i>, a publication for national culture and political unity of the Romanians in Transylvania, appeared in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, where Goga published most of his poems. The founding of the magazine was due to the Romanian students who were active in Budapest within the "<a href="/wiki/Petru_Maior" title="Petru Maior">Petru Maior</a>" Society: <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Ciura" title="Alexandru Ciura">Alexandru Ciura</a>, the author of the article "In lieu de programme" in the first issue, and Goga, who said in 1933 that the title of the magazine "was related to the state of mind and literary consciousness of those times". Most of Goga's works included in the volume <i>Poezii</i> (1905) appeared in the magazine <i>Luceafărul</i>, in whose pages the poet established himself as a genuine literary talent. </p><p>In 1904 the well-known poem <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Oltul">Oltul</a> appeared in <i>Luceafărul</i> (year III, no. 4, February 15, p. 91–92), then in no. 7, April 10, p. 151, the poem <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/D%C4%83sc%C4%83li%C8%9Ba">Dăscălița</a></i>, signed "Nic. Otavă", and in 1905, the poems <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Plugarii">Plugarii</a></i>, <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/L%C4%83utarul">Lăutarul</a></i>, <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Dasc%C4%83lul">Dascălul</a></i>, <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Rug%C4%83ciune">Rugăciune</a></i>, and <i><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Cl%C4%83ca%C8%99ii">Clăcașii</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_remarks_on_the_editorial_debut">Critical remarks on the editorial debut</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Critical remarks on the editorial debut"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Goga entered literary publishing with recommendations from <a href="/wiki/Ilarie_Chendi" title="Ilarie Chendi">Ilarie Chendi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sextil_Pu%C8%99cariu" title="Sextil Pușcariu">Sextil Pușcariu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Iorga" title="Nicolae Iorga">Nicolae Iorga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ion_Gorun" title="Ion Gorun">Ion Gorun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasile_Goldi%C8%99" title="Vasile Goldiș">Vasile Goldiș</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eugen_Lovinescu" title="Eugen Lovinescu">Eugen Lovinescu</a>. </p><p>In 1905 the volume <i>Poezii</i> appeared in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, reprinted by the publishing house "Minerva" in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> in 1907. and in <a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a> in 1910. After this editorial debut, which became a <i>true literary event</i>, the poet became increasingly in the public consciousness. The <a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">literary critic</a> Ion Dodu Bălan considered that Goga's volume "signifies the beginning of a new epoch for our Romanian soul", because "no one has surpassed the vigour, purity and music of our language, the richness of colours, the originality of ideas, the serenity of concepts, the candour of expressions and the healthy national background, which is concentrated in these poems". The poems in this volume are considered "brilliant creations" and the most valuable critics "understand the social, national and aesthetic significance of this appearance in the history of Romanian lyric". </p><p>After the review in <i>Revista Familia</i> , <a href="/wiki/Iosif_Vulcan" title="Iosif Vulcan">Iosif Vulcan</a> returns, on the occasion of the publication of the poem <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/This_is_how_it_was_to_be" class="extiw" title="wikisource:This is how it was to be">Așa a fost să fie</a></i>, with the appreciation that Goga is "an original talent inspired only by the soul of the people", and the poem, "a literary event".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The volume <i>Poems</i> was enthusiastically received by critics and writers. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Titu_Maiorescu" title="Titu Maiorescu">Titu Maiorescu</a> revised his aesthetic theory of 1866 ("Politics is a product of reason; poetry is and must be a product of fantasy - otherwise it has no material: one, however, excludes the other"). In the notion of politics, the mentor of <i><a href="/wiki/Junimea" title="Junimea">Junimii</a></i> included patriotism [as] an element of <a href="/wiki/Political_action" class="mw-redirect" title="Political action">political action</a>, eventually acknowledging that [patriotism] has become one of the sources of Goga's poetry and inspires him in the most natural way. The proof lies in the bringing in and describing of ordinary figures in the life of the people, who, however, suddenly gain — in addition to their normal value and purpose — a significance, one might say an extraordinary illumination and brilliance, which can only be explained by the ardour of the struggle to defend the national heritage". </p><p>Other appreciations of esteem were formulated by <a href="/wiki/Sextil_Pu%C8%99cariu" title="Sextil Pușcariu">Sextil Pușcariu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ion_Luca_Caragiale" title="Ion Luca Caragiale">Ion Luca Caragiale</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Co%C8%99buc" title="George Coșbuc">George Coșbuc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vlahu%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Alexandru Vlahuță">Alexandru Vlahuță</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eugen_Lovinescu" title="Eugen Lovinescu">Eugen Lovinescu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbu_%C8%98tef%C4%83nescu_Delavrancea" title="Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea">Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Panu" title="George Panu">George Panu</a>. Considered a poet of the nation on both sides of the <a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Mountains" title="Carpathian Mountains">Carpathians</a>, the poet enjoyed remarkable literary prestige by the age of 25. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Retired alone at Ciucea Castle - his wife <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veturia_Goga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veturia Goga (page does not exist)">Veturia Goga</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veturia_Goga" class="extiw" title="ro:Veturia Goga">ro</a>]</span> preferred to stay in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> - Goga suffered a stroke with <a href="/wiki/Hemiplegia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemiplegia">hemiplegia</a> in the park of the manor house on 5 May 1938 and fell into a <a href="/wiki/Coma" title="Coma">coma</a>. He died two days later, on 7 May 1938 at 2.15 pm, aged 57. <a href="/wiki/King_of_Romania" title="King of Romania">King</a> <a href="/wiki/Carol_II_of_Romania" title="Carol II of Romania">Carol II</a> ordered a national funeral for him which, due to the 10th May holiday, was to begin on 11 May. For two days, on Sunday 8 May and Monday 9 May, the pilgrimage continued in front of the catafalque in <a href="/wiki/Ciucea" title="Ciucea">Ciucea</a>. On Tuesday 10 May, the funeral train left for Bucharest. The coffin was placed on Wednesday 11 May in the rotunda of the Athenaeum, where it remained until Saturday 14 May, when the national funeral took place. In accordance with his will, no words were spoken and a <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">Nazi swastika</a> was placed on the body.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Goga was buried in Bucharest, at <a href="/wiki/Bellu_Cemetery" title="Bellu Cemetery">Bellu Cemetery</a>. Later the poet's body was reburied at his mansion in Ciucea, according to his wishes.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activity">Activity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journalistic_activity">Journalistic activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Journalistic activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The poet's journalistic beginnings were linked to the magazine <i>Luceafărul</i>, founded on his initiative on July 1, 1902, in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, together with <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Ciura" title="Alexandru Ciura">Alexandru Ciura</a> and <a href="/wiki/Octavian_Codru_T%C4%83sl%C4%83uanu" title="Octavian Codru Tăslăuanu">Octavian Tăslăuanu</a>. Goga remained successively as <a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">editor-in-chief</a> or director until 1912. The appearance of the magazine <i>Luceafărul</i> was to a large extent confused with the concerns and sorrows of young students, animated by the same dreams: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Our magazine, as an organ of youth, is meant to introduce us to the public more closely, to establish a closer link between the public and youth.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>O. Goga</cite></div></blockquote> <p>These young people from Budapest knew that they had a duty to defend the ideals of an entire community. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"It was with such a wealth of ideas," Goga confesses, "that the Budapest magazine Luceafărul was founded in 1902. For four years while I was there and a year in Berlin we went forward, affirming the idea of unity of soul".</p></blockquote> <p><i>Luceafărul</i> appeared in Budapest on July 1, 1902, on the initiative and with the material support of A.P. Bănuț, supported by a group of patriotic Romanian students. "There was also a lack for <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>," said Goga, "of a literary magazine in whose pages the local character with all its differences from other parts of our nation was imprinted". Octavian Goga's contribution to the rise of <i>Luceafăr</i> was immense: "Octavian Goga," wrote <a href="/wiki/Ion_Chinezu" title="Ion Chinezu">Ion Chinezu</a>, "wrote for other magazines, even founded some; his name is linked to <i>Luceafărul</i>". </p><p>With his activity in the <a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Association_for_Romanian_Literature_and_the_Culture_of_the_Romanian_People" title="Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and the Culture of the Romanian People">Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and Culture of the Romanian People</a> (ASTRA), his publicity concerns intensified with the passing of time, revealing yet another side of his literary talent. Under his direction, the journal <i>Țara</i> <i>noastră</i> appeared on 1 January 1907, temporarily replacing the journal <i>Transilvania</i>. Goga, who effectively directed this weekly, appeared first as editor and then as owner-editor. In the first issue he published the editorial entitled "To our scholars", in which he stated that he aimed to write: "a good gazette. A gazette that bridges the gap between the souls of the scholars and the peasants who kneel to read it on Sundays. All scholars who feel in their hearts the resonance of a duty that demands fulfilment will have their say on this paper, the profits of which will benefit our cultural establishment." The magazine <i>Țara noastră</i> appeared weekly in Sibiu until 5 December 1909. It then reappeared in Cluj (1922 - 1931), with Octavian Goga as director, and then in Bucharest (1932 - 1938). The issue of 29 May 1938 was dedicated to the memory of its founder, who died on 7 May. </p><p>Until the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Goga established himself as a brilliant journalist through his articles published in <i>Țara noastră</i> magazine, <i>Epoca</i> newspaper, <i><a href="/wiki/Adev%C4%83rul" title="Adevărul">Adevărul</a></i>, <i>Flacăra</i> magazine and <i>România</i> magazine, his journalistic prose being stylistically and thematically comparable to <a href="/wiki/Eminescu" class="mw-redirect" title="Eminescu">Eminescu</a>. His articles approached the value of the work of a vocational prose writer. The prose writings (included in the volume <i>Precursori</i>) were either speeches given at <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Academy" title="Romanian Academy">Academy</a> meetings, anniversary addresses or simply tributes to personalities or friends of the writer. Considered anthological pieces in a possible history of portraiture, <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Vianu" title="Tudor Vianu">Tudor Vianu</a> dedicated a significant chapter to it in <i>The Art of Romanian Short Stories</i>. </p><p>Goga focused his publicity on the problems of "Romanianism" (the <a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Romanians" title="Origin of the Romanians">origin of the Romanians</a>, the uninterrupted continuity in the formation of the Romanian people, the idea of the unity of all <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a>, the ideal of union in a <a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">nation state</a>, the struggle against <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian</a> oppression). Through the magazine <i>Luceafărul</i> he managed to strengthen his cultural ties with Romania, towards the political union of later. The magazine <i>Țara Noastra</i>, which focused on Goga's ideology, also strengthened its ties with the people in the villages, advising them but also helping them with their spiritual and material needs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Playwright_activity">Playwright activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Playwright activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although few in number, uneven and below the level of his poetic achievements, Goga's drama, especially through <i><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domnul_notar" class="extiw" title="ro:Domnul notar">Domnul notar</a></i>, (published by the Institute of Graphic Arts in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>), was a landmark that was followed later.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The play premiered at the <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_of_Bucharest" class="mw-redirect" title="National Theatre of Bucharest">National Theatre of Bucharest</a> on 14 February 1914. The play examines the repercussions on <a href="/wiki/Family_Relationship" class="mw-redirect" title="Family Relationship">family relations</a> and the position in the village community of the transactions and concessions made by certain individuals as a result of the policy of bringing Romanian elements into the system of denationalization and oppression of the Romanians. The action takes place in an early 20th-century village in the Ardennes (Lunca) under <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg rule">Habsburg rule</a>. The revolt during which the renegade Traian Văleanu was punished, gave the individual drama its true social dimensions. The notary, like the candidate Blezu, was a tool of foreign domination. At the elections, the wishes of the people were opposed by the coalition of renegades, relying on coercive force (the <a href="/wiki/Gendarmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendarmes">gendarmes</a>) and disqualified elements (Mitruță), even common criminals (Hopârtean). </p><p>With <i>Meșterul Manole</i>, performed in 1927 and published in 1928, Goga attempted to adapt the old myth to <a href="/wiki/Psychological_drama" title="Psychological drama">psychological drama</a>, artistically rehabilitating the old plot of conjugal time by developing and examining erotic motivations. The main character was an artist, cynical, charming, an inveterate traveller, a great lover of passing erotic experiences. </p><p>Goga also left, as a draft, two one-act plays (<i>Sonata lunei</i> and <i>Lupul</i>), the sketch <i>Fruntașul</i>, a dialogue article from 1911 and the translation of <a href="/wiki/Imre_Mad%C3%A1ch" title="Imre Madách">Imre Madách</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tragedy_of_Man" title="The Tragedy of Man">The Tragedy of Man</a>'.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translator_activity">Translator activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Translator activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An opponent of the <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvanian</a> policy of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Government">Hungarian governments</a>, Goga was at the same time an admirer of classical and modern Hungarian literature. He studied the works of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Pet%C5%91fi" title="Sándor Petőfi">Sándor Petőfi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imre_Mad%C3%A1ch" title="Imre Madách">Imre Madách</a> from his high school years in <a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a> and later as a student at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Budapest" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Budapest">University of Budapest</a>, and was a close friend of <a href="/wiki/Endre_Ady" title="Endre Ady">Endre Ady</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imre Madách attracted Goga from his youth, his first attempts at translating the <i>Tragediei omului</i> dating from his school years. After a few paintings and scenes from the <i>Tragediei</i>, published in <i>Luceafărul</i> in (1903) or in <i>Țara noastră</i> (1909), the appearance of the <i>Tragediei omului</i> in volume form in Goga's translation came in 1934, received as "a brilliant poetic creation having the same value as the original". The second Romanian edition (1940) appeared revised by the author. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tudor_Vianu" title="Tudor Vianu">Tudor Vianu</a> wrote that <i>Memento mori</i> and <i>Tragediei omului</i> are "poems of humanity seen through the hopes, defeats and struggles of peoples". <a href="/wiki/George_C%C4%83linescu" title="George Călinescu">George Călinescu</a> observed that Goga's translation is done in a Romanian that approaches the perfection and beauty of <a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Eminescu</a>'s language: "It is the language and even the style of Eminescu that is appropriate to our time and it is precisely interesting to see a classical poet who manages to be plastic through words, for the ear, not through colorism". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_activity">Political activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Political activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Becoming a messenger of the nationalist aspirations of the Transylvanian Romanians, Goga was elected literary secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Association_for_Romanian_Literature_and_the_Culture_of_the_Romanian_People" title="Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and the Culture of the Romanian People">Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and Culture of the Romanian People</a> (ASTRA) in September 1906 and, together with <a href="/wiki/Octavian_Codru_T%C4%83sl%C4%83uanu" title="Octavian Codru Tăslăuanu">Octavian Codru Tăslăuanu</a>, politicized the activities of the most important cultural institution in Transylvania. Through articles published in the magazine <i>Țara noastră</i>, he took a critical stance towards the exploitation to which the Romanian peasants were subjected and towards Romania's then rulers. As a consequence of these attitudes, Goga was detained in the winter of 1911 for a month in the Seghedin prison, where he was visited by <a href="/wiki/Ion_Luca_Caragiale" title="Ion Luca Caragiale">Ion Luca Caragiale</a>, who protested against his arrest in his article <i>Situție penibilă</i>. Two years later, in 1913, Goga was arrested again, in <a href="/wiki/Seghedin" class="mw-redirect" title="Seghedin">Seghedin</a>. </p><p>After the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Goga settled in Romania, continuing the struggle for the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Transylvania_with_Romania" title="Union of Transylvania with Romania">annexation of Transylvania to Romania</a> and for the completion of Romanian state unity. He launched an extensive publicity campaign in the newspapers <i><a href="/wiki/Adev%C4%83rul" title="Adevărul">Adevărul</a></i> and <i>Epoca</i> on the situation of the brothers across the Carpathians, who were subject to persecution. Together with <a href="/wiki/Octavian_Codru_T%C4%83sl%C4%83uanu" title="Octavian Codru Tăslăuanu">Octavian Codru Tăslăuanu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onisifor_Ghibu" title="Onisifor Ghibu">Onisifor Ghibu</a> and Sebastian Bornemisa, he signed the letter to the Transylvanian journalists who had taken refuge in Romania (<i>Epoca</i>, 15 June 1915), with the aim of continuing the publicity work for the annexation of Transylvania. </p><p>On 14 December 1914 the "Extraordinary Congress of the Cultural League" was held (president <a href="/wiki/Vasile_Lucaciu" title="Vasile Lucaciu">Vasile Lucaciu</a>, vice-president: <a href="/wiki/Barbu_%C8%98tef%C4%83nescu_Delavrancea" title="Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea">Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea</a>, secretary: <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Iorga" title="Nicolae Iorga">Nicolae Iorga</a>, and Goga was a member of the committee, representing Transylvania). </p><p>At the meeting organized by the "Political League of All Romanians", in Bucharest, on February 15, 1915, he declared: "For tomorrow's sacrifice we have crossed the border, let us come to Wallachia. We have lost our country, we have lost our homeland, but we still have our heads. We give them to you, do what you want with them. They can fall, Transylvania cannot fall". </p><p>Because of his political activity in Romania, the Hungarian government in Budapest brought Goga - as an <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian</a> citizen - to trial for high treason and sentenced him to death in absentia. He joined the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian army">Romanian army</a> and fought as a soldier in <a href="/wiki/Dobrogea" class="mw-redirect" title="Dobrogea">Dobrogea</a>. When hostilities ended and the peace was signed in Bucharest, Goga was forced to leave Romania for France. In the summer of 1918, the "National Council of Romanian Unity" was set up in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, a forum for putting pressure on the great powers to achieve Romanian state unity. At the beginning of 1919, Goga returned to <a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania" title="Greater Romania">Greater Romania</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romanian_"Duce"_or_"Führer""><span id="Romanian_.22Duce.22_or_.22F.C3.BChrer.22"></span>Romanian "Duce" or "Führer"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Romanian "Duce" or "Führer""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to historian Ilarion Țiu, in the 1920s Goga was a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary democracy">parliamentary democracy</a>, but after 1930 his views changed radically, sympathizing with <a href="/wiki/Italian_fascism" title="Italian fascism">Italian fascism</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_Nazism" class="mw-redirect" title="German Nazism">German Nazism</a>. He was one of the leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_nationalism" title="Romanian nationalism">Romanian nationalist movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>...The Prime Minister appointed by King Carol<i> (II), </i>the liberal <a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="Gheorghe Tătărescu">Gheorghe Tătărescu</a>, ... fails to win the elections (obtaining only 36% of the votes instead of the 40 percent required - by law - to hold a majority in Parliament). ...This electoral failure was due in part to a "non-aggression pact between Iuliu Maniu's nationalist peasants and the "All for the Country" party (the Legion's electoral label)...The King brought to the government two leaders of small far-right parties: the poet Octavian Goga and Professor A. C. Cuza, head of a party focused exclusively on anti-Semitism.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Neagu_Djuvara" title="Neagu Djuvara">Neagu Djuvara</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In 1926 together with <a href="/wiki/Vasile_Goldi%C8%99" title="Vasile Goldiș">Vasile Goldiș</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ioan_Lupa%C8%99" title="Ioan Lupaș">Ioan Lupaș</a>, and Silviu Dragomir, Octavian Goga left the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Party" title="Romanian National Party">Romanian National Party</a> and joined General <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Alexandru Averescu</a>'s <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(interwar_Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Party (interwar Romania)">People's Party</a> (PP), a <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populist</a> movement created upon the war's end. Interestingly, Goga, Goldiș, Lupaș, and Dragomir were all Orthodox, whereas the PNR leader <a href="/wiki/Iuliu_Maniu" title="Iuliu Maniu">Iuliu Maniu</a> and other remaining members of the PNR were <a href="/wiki/Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Greek Catholic Church">Greek-Catholic</a>. Goga clashed with Averescu over the latter's conflict with <a href="/wiki/King_of_Romania" title="King of Romania">King</a> <a href="/wiki/Carol_II_of_Romania" title="Carol II of Romania">Carol II</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Together with Goldiș, Lupaș, and Dragomir, Goga founded the <a href="/wiki/National_Agrarian_Party_(Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Agrarian Party (Romania)">National Agrarian Party</a> on April 10, 1932. </p><p>The government chaired by Goga (28 December 1937 – 10 February 1938) and dismissed after 44 days, was created by the <a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">National Christian Party</a> resulting from the merger on 14 July 1935 in Iași of the <a href="/wiki/National-Christian_Defense_League" title="National-Christian Defense League">National Christian Defence League</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_C._Cuza" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandru C. Cuza">Alexandru C. Cuza</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/National_Agrarian_Party" title="National Agrarian Party">National Agrarian Party</a> (led by Goga).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a <a href="/wiki/Sine_qua_non" title="Sine qua non">sine qua non</a> for the recognition of its new borders, Romania has solemnly undertaken to grant full citizenship and equal rights to all <a href="/wiki/Minorities_in_Romania" title="Minorities in Romania">minorities</a> across these borders. In this regard, on 9 December 1919, the Romanian government (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Alexandru Vaida-Voievod</a>, 1 December 1919 – 20 January 1920) ordered General <a href="/wiki/Constantin_Coand%C4%83" title="Constantin Coandă">Constantin Coandă</a> (former Romanian Foreign Minister) to sign with the <a href="/wiki/Allied_and_Associated_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied and Associated Powers">Allied and Associated Powers</a> the "<a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Minorities" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Minorities">Treaty on Minorities</a>", annexed to the Peace Treaty with Austria, which his predecessor, Romanian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I.C. Brătianu</a>, had categorically refused to sign, leaving, in protest, the work of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Conference_(1919%E2%80%931920)" title="Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)">Paris Peace Conference</a> in May 1919. The provisions of the minorities' treaty were subsequently legislated by the Constitution of 29 March 1923 and the law of 25 February 1924, whereby all inhabitants, former citizens of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tsarist_Russian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsarist Russian Empire">Tsarist Russia</a>, who had administrative residence in <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banat" title="Banat">Banat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cri%C8%99ana" title="Crișana">Crișana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maramure%C8%99" title="Maramureș">Maramureș</a> on 1 December 1918, in <a href="/wiki/Bukovina" title="Bukovina">Bukovina</a> on 28 November 1918 and in <a href="/wiki/Bessarabia" title="Bessarabia">Bessarabia</a> on 9 April 1918, acquired Romanian citizenship with full rights.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the pretext that between 1918 and 1924 Jews from the former Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires had infiltrated Romania, the government chaired by Octavian Goga, in violation of the Constitution and Romania's international obligations, published on 21 January 1938 Decree No. 169 on the revision of citizenship, by virtue of which Romanian Jewish citizens were forced to prove their right to citizenship with documents, in accordance with the law of 25 February 1924, within 20 days of the posting of lists in communes and towns. On the basis of this decree, the situation of 617,396 Jews was reviewed, of whom 392,172 (63.50%) retained their Romanian citizenship and 225,222 (36.50%) lost it. The Jews who lost their citizenship received identity certificates valid for one year, with the possibility of extension, and were considered foreigners without a passport, subject to the legal regime as such.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This was the first in a series of discriminatory laws, adopted as part of a policy of ethnic cleansing, whereby the Romanian state abandoned its citizens of Jewish origin, depriving them of the most basic civic rights. The Jewish minority, left to the whim of despotic regional civil servants, began to expatriate. A wave of Romanian intellectuals and industrialists of Jewish origin left Romania, Romanian economy and culture were damaged, and leading intellectuals protested vehemently.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview with the British newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Herald_(United_Kingdom)" title="Daily Herald (United Kingdom)">Daily Herald</a></i> in January 1938, King Carol II and Prime Minister Goga gave the figure of 250,000 and 500,000 Jews respectively as "illegal". While the King rejected the idea of expulsion, denying them any rights, Goga spoke of 500,000 so-called "vagrants", whom "we cannot consider as Romanian citizens". Octavian Goga proposed the deportation of 500,000 Jews to Madagascar (a concept known as the "<a href="/wiki/Madagascar_Plan" title="Madagascar Plan">Madagascar Plan</a>"), while <a href="/wiki/Istrate_Micescu" title="Istrate Micescu">Istrate Micescu</a>, the foreign minister in the Goga–Cuza government, declared: "It is urgent to sweep up our own backyard, as it is useless to tolerate all these scum in our country".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prime Minister Goga pursued a pro-Nazi policy by intending to ally with and adopt the policies of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy_(1922%E2%80%931943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist Italy (1922–1943)">Fascist Italy</a> and pursued an anti-Semitic policy by denying the legal rights of the Jewish population.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former Romanian minority freed from Habsburg oppression and turned politician propelled to the leadership of the majority population outperformed his teachers in the minority populations thrust. He turned out to be a <a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">xenophobic</a> <a href="/wiki/Extremism" title="Extremism">extremist</a> with <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascist</a> and clearly <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">anti-Semitic views</a>. The historian <a href="/wiki/Florin_Constantiniu" title="Florin Constantiniu">Florin Constantiniu</a> writes in his book <i>O istorie sinceră a poporului român</i> that the great poet Goga was in a state of dismay because he "believed himself to be and wanted to be a Romanian '<a href="/wiki/Duce" title="Duce">duce</a>' or '<a href="/wiki/F%C3%BChrer" title="Führer">führer</a>'".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a> wing of the National Christian Party, the <i>Lănceri</i> (meaning "Lancers", the word was derived from LANC, the Romanian acronym of National-Christian Defense League) contributed to the chaos, attacking both Jews and <a href="/wiki/Iron_Guard" title="Iron Guard">Iron Guard</a> members. </p><p>Carol II first pushed towards a victory of the government in the snap elections in March 1938, which he had called on January 18, 1938. However, he soon abandoned Goga, preparing a coup together with the minister of the Interior <a href="/wiki/Armand_C%C4%83linescu" title="Armand Călinescu">Armand Călinescu</a>, a former member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Peasants%27_Party" title="National Peasants' Party">National Peasants' Party</a>, who acted as a guarantee for the king in the government. The coup was probably precipitated when Goga negotiated an electoral agreement with <a href="/wiki/Corneliu_Zelea_Codreanu" title="Corneliu Zelea Codreanu">Corneliu Zelea Codreanu</a>, the leader of the Iron Guard, on February 8, 1938, thus posing a considerable threat to the King's power. On February 9, 1938, Carol II, Călinescu and the former national liberal prime minister <a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="Gheorghe Tătărescu">Gheorghe Tătărescu</a> set the coup for the next day. On February 10, 1938, Carol II received Goga and told him to postpone the snap elections, whereupon Goga resigned. Goga refused to participate in the <a href="/wiki/National_unity_government" title="National unity government">national unity government</a> the king appointed the same day and withdrew to his estate in <a href="/wiki/Ciucea" title="Ciucea">Ciucea</a>, Transylvania, where he suffered a <a href="/wiki/Stroke" title="Stroke">stroke</a> on 5 May 1938. He died two days later, on May 7, 1938. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goga_and_Freemasonry">Goga and Freemasonry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Goga and Freemasonry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Forty-Eighters" class="mw-redirect" title="Forty-Eighters">Forty-Eighters</a>, Bonjuriists and other Romanians with studies abroad imported the fashion of <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a>, to which the Romanian intelligentsia opted - with unequal enthusiasm and fidelity. Although invested as a Freemason, Goga did not understand the ideals of the confraternity: "... April 1929: Octavian Goga militates for the founding of the Freemasonic Christian Bloc. Octavian Goga, who, although a Freemason, has no idea of the purpose of Freemasonry, because he allowed himself to talk about <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> in the lodge - a mistake the Masons will never forgive him for. D. Goga went so far with his naivety that he proposed that the National Lodge be called the Christian National Lodge".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_to_the_Romanian_Academy">Election to the Romanian Academy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Election to the Romanian Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the award of the "Năsturel-Herescu" Prize for his debut volume on March 21, 1906, Octavian Goga's poetic creation received the consecration of the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Academy" title="Romanian Academy">Romanian Academy</a>. The report to the plenary of the Romanian Academy for the award of the volume Poems was presented in February 1906 by <a href="/wiki/Titu_Maiorescu" title="Titu Maiorescu">Titu Maiorescu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1920, Goga was elected a member of the academy, his acceptance speech being entitled <a href="/wiki/George_Co%C8%99buc" title="George Coșbuc">George Coșbuc</a>. In 1924, the poet received the National Poetry Prize and the <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Sadoveanu" title="Mihail Sadoveanu">Mihail Sadoveanu</a> Prize for prose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Goga and Aurel Vlaicu"><img alt="Goga and Aurel Vlaicu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg/79px-Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg/118px-Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg/157px-Aurel_Vlaicu_and_Octavian_Goga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="622" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Goga and <a href="/wiki/Aurel_Vlaicu" title="Aurel Vlaicu">Aurel Vlaicu</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Goga and writers Ștefan Octavian Iosif and Ion Luca Caragiale"><img alt="Goga and writers Ștefan Octavian Iosif and Ion Luca Caragiale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg/88px-St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg/131px-St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg/175px-St_O_Iosif_-_Caragiale_-_Octavian_Goga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="958" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Goga and writers <a href="/wiki/%C8%98tefan_Octavian_Iosif" title="Ștefan Octavian Iosif">Ștefan Octavian Iosif</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ion_Luca_Caragiale" title="Ion Luca Caragiale">Ion Luca Caragiale</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_(8).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commemorative plaque on Octavian Goga's birth home in Rășinari, which reads: "The house in which Octavian Goga, the poet of our sufferings, was born on 20 March 1881.""><img alt="Commemorative plaque on Octavian Goga's birth home in Rășinari, which reads: "The house in which Octavian Goga, the poet of our sufferings, was born on 20 March 1881."" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_%288%29.jpg/120px-RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_%288%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_%288%29.jpg/180px-RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_%288%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_%288%29.jpg/240px-RO_SB_Casa_Octavian_Goga_din_R%C4%83%C8%99inari_%288%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Commemorative plaque on Octavian Goga's birth home in Rășinari, which reads: "The house in which Octavian Goga, the poet of our sufferings, was born on 20 March 1881."</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Goga's writing desk at his castle in Ciucea"><img alt="Goga's writing desk at his castle in Ciucea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG/120px-Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG/180px-Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG/240px-Ciucea_castle_-_Octavian_Goga_desk.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Goga's writing desk at his castle in <a href="/wiki/Ciucea" title="Ciucea">Ciucea</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo of the National Christian Party featuring a swastika, the initials of the party and the names of its joint leaders, A. C. Cuza and Octavian Goga"><img alt="Logo of the National Christian Party featuring a swastika, the initials of the party and the names of its joint leaders, A. C. Cuza and Octavian Goga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg/100px-National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg/150px-National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg/200px-National_Christian_Party_swastika.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="244" data-file-height="244" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo of the <a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">National Christian Party</a> featuring a <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">swastika</a>, the initials of the party and the names of its joint leaders, A. C. Cuza and Octavian Goga</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83,_swastika_logo,_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The header of Țara Noastră, the official newspaper of Goga's National Christian Party, in 1935."><img alt="The header of Țara Noastră, the official newspaper of Goga's National Christian Party, in 1935." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83%2C_swastika_logo%2C_1935.jpg/120px-%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83%2C_swastika_logo%2C_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83%2C_swastika_logo%2C_1935.jpg/180px-%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83%2C_swastika_logo%2C_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83%2C_swastika_logo%2C_1935.jpg/240px-%C8%9Aara_Noastr%C4%83%2C_swastika_logo%2C_1935.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1516" data-file-height="343" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The header of Țara Noastră, the official newspaper of Goga's National Christian Party, in 1935.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Octavian_Goga.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Goga in his later years"><img alt="Goga in his later years" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Octavian_Goga.jpg/75px-Octavian_Goga.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Octavian_Goga.jpg/112px-Octavian_Goga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Octavian_Goga.jpg/150px-Octavian_Goga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="284" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Goga in his later years</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotations">Quotations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Quotations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In press interviews at the time Goga said the following: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For us there is only one final solution of the Jewish problem—the collection of all Jews into a region that is still uninhabited, and the foundation there of a Jewish nation. And the further away the better.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>1938 interview<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writings">Writings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Writings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poetry">Poetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Cărbunii</i> ("The Pieces of Coal")</li> <li><i>Rugăciune</i> ("A Prayer")</li> <li><i>Plugarii</i> ("The Ploughmen")</li> <li><i>Oltul</i> ("The <a href="/wiki/Olt_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Olt River">Olt River</a>")</li> <li><i>Din larg</i> ("From the High Seas")</li> <li><i>Profetul</i> ("The Prophet")</li> <li><i>Ceahlăul</i> ("The <a href="/wiki/Ceahl%C4%83u" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceahlău">Ceahlău</a>")</li> <li><i>O ramură întârziată</i> ("A Tardy Branch")</li> <li><i>Trecutul</i> ("The Past")</li> <li><i>Apus</i> ("Sunset")</li> <li><i>Mare eternă</i> ("The Eternal Sea")</li> <li><i>În mine câteodată</i> ("At Times within Me")</li> <li><i>Toamna</i>("Autumn")</li> <li><i>Noi</i> ("Us")</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plays">Plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Domnul notar</i> ("Mr. Notary")</li> <li><i>Meșterul Manole</i> (see <a href="/wiki/Me%C8%99terul_Manole" title="Meșterul Manole">Meșterul Manole</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MacGregor-Hastie-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacGregor-Hastie_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMacGregor-Hastie1969" class="citation book cs1">MacGregor-Hastie, Roy (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KmYIAQAAIAAJ&q=%22a+family+which+traditionally+supplied+the+priest+for+the+village+of+Rasinari%22"><i>Anthology of contemporary Romanian poetry</i></a>. Owen. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780720602807" title="Special:BookSources/9780720602807"><bdi>9780720602807</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anthology+of+contemporary+Romanian+poetry&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Owen&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=9780720602807&rft.aulast=MacGregor-Hastie&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKmYIAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522a%2Bfamily%2Bwhich%2Btraditionally%2Bsupplied%2Bthe%2Bpriest%2Bfor%2Bthe%2Bvillage%2Bof%2BRasinari%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110232615/http://www.primaria-rasinari.ro//rasinari-octavian-goga-215.html">"OCTAVIAN GOGA"</a>. <i>www.primaria-rasinari.ro</i>. Primăria Rășinari. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primaria-rasinari.ro/rasinari-octavian-goga-215.html">the original</a> on 10 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.primaria-rasinari.ro&rft.atitle=OCTAVIAN+GOGA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.primaria-rasinari.ro%2Frasinari-octavian-goga-215.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bălan, Ion Dodu: <i>Octavian Goga</i>, Editura Minerva, București, 1975</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Revista Ilustrată, an I, nr. 5 - 6, 1898, p. 107</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Revista Familia year XXXV, no. 44, 1–13 November 1898, p. 523</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTiu2007" class="citation web cs1">Tiu, Ilarion (15 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jurnalul.ro/vechiul-site/old-site/suplimente/editie-de-colectie/octavian-goga-4314.html">"Octavian Goga"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Jurnalul_Na%C8%9Bional" title="Jurnalul Național">Jurnalul Național</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170906040545/http://jurnalul.ro/vechiul-site/old-site/suplimente/editie-de-colectie/octavian-goga-4314.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jurnalul+Na%C8%9Bional&rft.atitle=Octavian+Goga&rft.date=2007-01-15&rft.aulast=Tiu&rft.aufirst=Ilarion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjurnalul.ro%2Fvechiul-site%2Fold-site%2Fsuplimente%2Feditie-de-colectie%2Foctavian-goga-4314.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ciucea lui Octavian Goga</i>, cu sprijinul CJ Cluj și Muzeul "Octavian Goga" Ciucea; Casa Cărții de Știință, <a href="/wiki/Cluj-Napoca" title="Cluj-Napoca">Cluj-Napoca</a> 2003, p. 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoga1914" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Goga, Octavian (1914). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/domnulnotardrami00gogauoft/page/4/mode/2up"><i>Domnul notar: dramă în trei acte din viața Ardealului</i></a> (in Romanian). Bucharest: Flacăra.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Domnul+notar%3A+dram%C4%83+%C3%AEn+trei+acte+din+via%C8%9Ba+Ardealului&rft.pub=Bucharest%3A+Flac%C4%83ra&rft.date=1914&rft.aulast=Goga&rft.aufirst=Octavian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdomnulnotardrami00gogauoft%2Fpage%2F4%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dorothea Sasu-Zimmermann, Petőfi in Romanian Literature, Kriterion Publishing House, <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, 1980.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Țiu, Ilarion: <i>Octavian Goga</i>, op. cit.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Djuvara, Neagu: <i>O scurtă istorie a românilor povestită celor tineri</i>, p. 242, Ed. Humanitas, 11th edition, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pop, Gheorghe T.: Caracterul antinațional și antipopular al activității Partidului Național Creștin, <a href="/wiki/Editura_Dacia" title="Editura Dacia">Dacia Publishing House</a>, Cluj-Napoca, 1978</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306204223/http://www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi1997/current10/mi47.htm">"Evreii di România (1939-1944)"</a>. <i>www.itcnet.ro</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi1997/current10/mi47.htm">the original</a> on 6 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.itcnet.ro&rft.atitle=Evreii+di+Rom%C3%A2nia+%281939-1944%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itcnet.ro%2Fhistory%2Farchive%2Fmi1997%2Fcurrent10%2Fmi47.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816052832/https://www.ushmm.org/research/center/presentations/features/details/2005-03-10/pdf/romanian/chapter_03.pdf">"FINAL REPORT of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Holocaust_Memorial_Museum" title="United States Holocaust Memorial Museum">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum</a></i>. 11 November 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ushmm.org/research/center/presentations/features/details/2005-03-10/pdf/romanian/chapter_03.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Holocaust+Memorial+Museum&rft.atitle=FINAL+REPORT+of+the+International+Commission+on+the+Holocaust+in+Romania&rft.date=2004-11-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ushmm.org%2Fresearch%2Fcenter%2Fpresentations%2Ffeatures%2Fdetails%2F2005-03-10%2Fpdf%2Fromanian%2Fchapter_03.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Țurcanu, Florin: Mircea Eliade, prisoner of history, (translated from French by Monica Anghel and Dragoș Dodu), <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, Humanitas, 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaignel-Lavastine2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Laignel-Lavastine, Alexandra (3 April 2002). <i>Cioran, Eliade, Ionesco: L'Oubli Du Fascisme</i> (in French) (French ed.). Paris: <a href="/wiki/Presses_Universitaires_de_France" title="Presses Universitaires de France">Presses Universitaires de France</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2130517832" title="Special:BookSources/978-2130517832"><bdi>978-2130517832</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cioran%2C+Eliade%2C+Ionesco%3A+L%27Oubli+Du+Fascisme&rft.place=Paris&rft.edition=French&rft.pub=Presses+Universitaires+de+France&rft.date=2002-04-03&rft.isbn=978-2130517832&rft.aulast=Laignel-Lavastine&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg" class="citation web cs1">Rosenberg, Jennifer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111020030624/http://history1900s.about.com/od/holocaust/a/madagascarplan.htm">"Madagascar Plan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ThoughtCo" class="mw-redirect" title="ThoughtCo">ThoughtCo</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/geography-learn-all-about-madagascar-1435198">the original</a> on 20 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ThoughtCo&rft.atitle=Madagascar+Plan&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fgeography-learn-all-about-madagascar-1435198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613162303/http://www.romanianjewish.org/ro/cap1.html">"I. STATUTUL LEGAL AL EVREILOR ÎN ROMÂNIA (1800-1944)"</a>. <i>Comunitatea Evreiasca din Romania</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romanianjewish.org/ro/cap1.html">the original</a> on 13 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comunitatea+Evreiasca+din+Romania&rft.atitle=I.+STATUTUL+LEGAL+AL+EVREILOR+%C3%8EN+ROM%C3%82NIA+%281800-1944%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.romanianjewish.org%2Fro%2Fcap1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, January 20, 1938</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The New York Times, articles dated January 13, 1938; December 31, 1937; December 29, 1937 and February 11, 1938</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constantiniu, Florin, <i>O istorie sinceră a poporului român</i>, p. 351, ed. Univers Enciclopedic, Bucharest, 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Trifu, V., în Nestorescu-Bălcești, Horia: <i>Ordinul Masonic Român</i>, p. 344, 1932.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikiquote.org/wiki/Titu_Maiorescu#Despre_Octavian_Goga">Quote about Octavian Goga, at Wikicitat</a> (in Romanian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11142768">"Jews Spurned in Rumania"</a>. <i>The Argus</i>. Independent Cable Service. 24 January 1938. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Argus&rft.atitle=Jews+Spurned+in+Rumania&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1938-01-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article11142768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOctavian+Goga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div lang="ro" style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/ro:Autor:Octavian_Goga" class="extiw" title="s:ro:Autor:Octavian Goga">Octavian Goga (original works in Romanian)</a></b> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Goga%2C%20Octavian%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Octavian%20Goga%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Goga%2C%20Octavian%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Octavian%20Goga%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Goga%2C%20O%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Octavian%20Goga%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Goga%2C%20Octavian%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Octavian%20Goga%22%29%20OR%20%28%221881-1938%22%20AND%20Goga%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Octavian Goga</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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id="Prime_Ministers_of_Romania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Romania" title="List of heads of government of Romania">List of heads of government of Romania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Principalities_of_Moldavia_and_Wallachia" title="United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia">United Principalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbu_Catargiu" title="Barbu Catargiu">B. Catargiu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apostol_Arsache" title="Apostol Arsache">Arsache</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Cre%C8%9Bulescu" title="Nicolae Crețulescu">N. Crețulescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Kog%C4%83lniceanu" title="Mihail Kogălniceanu">Kogălniceanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Bosianu" title="Constantin Bosianu">Bosianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Cre%C8%9Bulescu" title="Nicolae Crețulescu">N. Crețulescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Ghica" title="Ion Ghica">I. Ghica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasc%C4%83r_Catargiu" title="Lascăr Catargiu">L. Catargiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Ghica" title="Ion Ghica">I. Ghica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_A._Cre%C8%9Bulescu" title="Constantin A. Crețulescu">C. Crețulescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C8%98tefan_Golescu" title="Ștefan Golescu">Ș. Golescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Golescu" title="Nicolae Golescu">N. Golescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Ghica" title="Dimitrie Ghica">D. Ghica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_G._Golescu" title="Alexandru G. Golescu">A. Golescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolache_Costache_Epureanu" title="Manolache Costache Epureanu">Epureanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Ghica" title="Ion Ghica">I. Ghica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasc%C4%83r_Catargiu" title="Lascăr Catargiu">L. Catargiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Emanuel_Florescu" title="Ion Emanuel Florescu">Florescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolache_Costache_Epureanu" title="Manolache Costache Epureanu">Epureanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion C. Brătianu">Ion C. Brătianu</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Prime Minister of Romania"><img alt="Flag of the Prime Minister of Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ion_C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion C. Brătianu">Ion C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Br%C4%83tianu" title="Dimitrie Brătianu">D. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion C. Brătianu">Ion C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Rosetti" title="Theodor Rosetti">Rosetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasc%C4%83r_Catargiu" title="Lascăr Catargiu">L. Catargiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Manu" title="Gheorghe Manu">Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Emanuel_Florescu" title="Ion Emanuel Florescu">Florescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasc%C4%83r_Catargiu" title="Lascăr Catargiu">L. Catargiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Sturdza" title="Dimitrie Sturdza">Sturdza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petre_S._Aurelian" title="Petre S. Aurelian">Aurelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Sturdza" title="Dimitrie Sturdza">Sturdza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Grigore_Cantacuzino" title="Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino">Cantacuzino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petre_P._Carp" title="Petre P. Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Sturdza" title="Dimitrie Sturdza">Sturdza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Grigore_Cantacuzino" title="Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino"> Cantacuzino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Sturdza" title="Dimitrie Sturdza">Sturdza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petre_P._Carp" title="Petre P. Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titu_Maiorescu" title="Titu Maiorescu">Maiorescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Averescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Marghiloman" title="Alexandru Marghiloman"> Marghiloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Coand%C4%83" title="Constantin Coandă">Coandă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_V%C4%83itoianu" title="Artur Văitoianu">Văitoianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Vaida-Voevod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Averescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Ionescu" title="Take Ionescu">Ionescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Averescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbu_%C8%98tirbey" title="Barbu Știrbey">Știrbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">Ion I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintil%C4%83_Br%C4%83tianu" title="Vintilă Brătianu"> V. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iuliu_Maniu" title="Iuliu Maniu">Maniu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Mironescu" title="Gheorghe Mironescu">Mironescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iuliu_Maniu" title="Iuliu Maniu">Maniu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Mironescu" title="Gheorghe Mironescu">Mironescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Iorga" title="Nicolae Iorga">Iorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Vaida-Voevod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iuliu_Maniu" title="Iuliu Maniu">Maniu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Vaida-Voevod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_G._Duca" title="Ion G. Duca">Duca</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Angelescu" title="Constantin Angelescu">Angelescu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="Gheorghe Tătărescu">Tătărescu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Goga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Miron_of_Romania" title="Patriarch Miron of Romania">Cristea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_C%C4%83linescu" title="Armand Călinescu">Călinescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Arge%C8%99anu" title="Gheorghe Argeșanu">Argeșanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Argetoianu" title="Constantin Argetoianu">Argetoianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="Gheorghe Tătărescu">Tătărescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Gigurtu" title="Ion Gigurtu">Gigurtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Antonescu" title="Ion Antonescu">Antonescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_S%C4%83n%C4%83tescu" title="Constantin Sănătescu">Sănătescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_R%C4%83descu" title="Nicolae Rădescu">Rădescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petru_Groza" title="Petru Groza">Groza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">R.P.R.—R.S.R.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petru_Groza" title="Petru Groza">Groza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gheorghiu-Dej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chivu_Stoica" title="Chivu Stoica">Stoica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Gheorghe_Maurer" title="Ion Gheorghe Maurer">Maurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manea_M%C4%83nescu" title="Manea Mănescu">Mănescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilie_Verde%C8%9B" title="Ilie Verdeț">Verdeț</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_D%C4%83sc%C4%83lescu" title="Constantin Dăscălescu">Dăscălescu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Romania_(1989%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Romania (1989–present)">Romania since 1989</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petre_Roman" title="Petre Roman">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Stolojan" title="Theodor Stolojan">Stolojan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_V%C4%83c%C4%83roiu" title="Nicolae Văcăroiu">Văcăroiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ciorbea" title="Victor Ciorbea">Ciorbea</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gavril_Dejeu" title="Gavril Dejeu">Dejeu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radu_Vasile" title="Radu Vasile">Vasile</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Athanasiu" title="Alexandru Athanasiu">Athanasiu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugur_Is%C4%83rescu" title="Mugur Isărescu">Isărescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Năstase</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Bejinariu" title="Eugen Bejinariu">Bejinariu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83lin_Popescu-T%C4%83riceanu" title="Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu">Popescu-Tăriceanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Boc" title="Emil Boc">Boc</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83t%C4%83lin_Predoiu" title="Cătălin Predoiu">Predoiu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_R%C4%83zvan_Ungureanu" title="Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu">Ungureanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Ponta</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Oprea" title="Gabriel Oprea">Oprea</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Ponta</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Oprea" title="Gabriel Oprea">Oprea</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Ponta</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sorin_C%C3%AEmpeanu" title="Sorin Cîmpeanu">Cîmpeanu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_Ciolo%C8%99" title="Dacian Cioloș">Cioloș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorin_Grindeanu" title="Sorin Grindeanu">Grindeanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Tudose" title="Mihai Tudose">Tudose</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Fifor" title="Mihai Fifor">Fifor</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Dăncilă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Orban" title="Ludovic Orban">Orban</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ciuc%C4%83" title="Nicolae Ciucă">Ciucă</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florin_C%C3%AE%C8%9Bu" title="Florin Cîțu">Cîțu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ciuc%C4%83" title="Nicolae Ciucă">Ciucă</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83t%C4%83lin_Predoiu" title="Cătălin Predoiu">Predoiu</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Ciolacu</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Ad_interim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad interim">ad interim</a>/<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a> office holders. <b>Bold</b> indicates current office holder.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Interior_Ministers_of_Romania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Interior_Ministers_of_Romania" title="Template:Interior Ministers of Romania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Interior_Ministers_of_Romania" title="Template talk:Interior Ministers of Romania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Interior_Ministers_of_Romania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Interior Ministers of Romania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Interior_Ministers_of_Romania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Romania)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Romania)">Interior Ministers of Romania</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Principalities" class="mw-redirect" title="United Principalities">United Principalities</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Principality of Romania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbu_Catargiu" title="Barbu Catargiu">B. Catargiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostol_Arsache" title="Apostol Arsache">Arsache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Cre%C8%9Bulescu" title="Nicolae Crețulescu">Crețulescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Kog%C4%83lniceanu" title="Mihail Kogălniceanu">Kogălniceanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Bosianu" title="Constantin Bosianu">Bosianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Emanuel_Florescu" title="Ion Emanuel Florescu">Florescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Ghica" title="Dimitrie Ghica">D. Ghica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasc%C4%83r_Catargiu" title="Lascăr Catargiu">L. Catargiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Ghica" title="Ion Ghica">I. Ghica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion C. Brătianu">I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C8%98tefan_Golescu" title="Ștefan Golescu">Ș. Golescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_I._Arion" title="Anton I. Arion">A. Arion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_G._Golescu" title="Alexandru G. Golescu">A. Golescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolache_Costache_Epureanu" title="Manolache Costache Epureanu">Epureanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Vernescu" title="George D. Vernescu">Vernescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._A._Rosetti" title="C. A. Rosetti">C. A. Rosetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastase_Stolojan" title="Anastase Stolojan">Stolojan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Teriachiu" title="Alexandru Teriachiu">Teriachiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugeniu_St%C4%83tescu" title="Eugeniu Stătescu">Stătescu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Chi%C8%9Bu" title="Gheorghe Chițu">Chițu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radu_Mihai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radu Mihai (page does not exist)">Mihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Nacu" title="Constantin Nacu">Nacu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Rosetti" title="Theodor Rosetti">T. Rosetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_B._%C8%98tirbei" title="Alexandru B. Știrbei">Știrbei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Manu" title="Gheorghe Manu">Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Fleva" title="Nicolae Fleva">Fleva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Sturdza" title="Dimitrie Sturdza">Sturdza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vasile_Lasc%C4%83r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasile Lascăr (page does not exist)">Lascăr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Pherekyde" title="Mihail Pherekyde">Pherekyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Grigore_Cantacuzino" title="Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino">Cantacuzino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Ol%C4%83nescu" title="Constantin Olănescu">Olănescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petre_S._Aurelian" title="Petre S. Aurelian">Aurelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Pallade" title="George D. Pallade">Pallade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiru_Haret" title="Spiru Haret">Haret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_I._C._Br%C4%83tianu" title="Ion I. C. Brătianu">I. I. C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Marghiloman" title="Alexandru Marghiloman">Marghiloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_C._Arion" title="Constantin C. Arion">C. Arion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Ionescu" title="Take Ionescu">T. Ionescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasile_Mor%C8%9Bun" title="Vasile Morțun">Morțun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_C._Constantinescu" title="Alexandru C. Constantinescu">Constantinescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_S%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%9Beanu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantin Sărățeanu (page does not exist)">Sărățeanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_V%C4%83itoianu" title="Artur Văitoianu">Văitoianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gh._M%C3%A2rzescu" title="Gheorghe Gh. Mârzescu">Mârzescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Averescu" title="Alexandru Averescu">Averescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurel_Vlad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aurel Vlad (page does not exist)">Vlad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_L._Lupu" title="Nicolae L. Lupu">Lupu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Argetoianu" title="Constantin Argetoianu">Argetoianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_C%C4%83m%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%99escu" title="Ion Cămărășescu">Cămărășescu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Goga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbu_%C8%98tirbey" title="Barbu Știrbey">Știrbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_G._Duca" title="Ion G. Duca">Duca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Vaida-Voevod" title="Alexandru Vaida-Voevod">Vaida-Voevod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Popovici" title="Mihai Popovici">Popovici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Mihalache" title="Ion Mihalache">Mihalache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Iorga" title="Nicolae Iorga">Iorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Mironescu" title="Gheorghe Mironescu">Mironescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Incule%C8%9B" title="Ion Inculeț">Inculeț</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumitru_Iuca" title="Dumitru Iuca">Iuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="Gheorghe Tătărescu">Tătărescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Franasovici" title="Richard Franasovici">Franasovici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_C%C4%83linescu" title="Armand Călinescu">Călinescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Marinescu" title="Gabriel Marinescu">Marinescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolae_Ottescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolae Ottescu (page does not exist)">Ottescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Ghelmegeanu" title="Mihail Ghelmegeanu">Ghelmegeanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Popescu" title="David Popescu">David Popescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Petrovicescu" title="Constantin Petrovicescu">Petrovicescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimitrie_I._Popescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimitrie I. Popescu (page does not exist)">Dumitru Popescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurel_Aldea" title="Aurel Aldea">Aldea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Penescu" title="Nicolae Penescu">Penescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_S%C4%83n%C4%83tescu" title="Constantin Sănătescu">Sănătescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_R%C4%83descu" title="Nicolae Rădescu">Rădescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teohari_Georgescu" title="Teohari Georgescu">Georgescu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Socialist Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teohari_Georgescu" title="Teohari Georgescu">Georgescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Dr%C4%83ghici" title="Alexandru Drăghici">Drăghici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_%C8%98tefan" title="Pavel Ștefan">Ștefan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Dr%C4%83ghici" title="Alexandru Drăghici">Drăghici</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornel_Onescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornel Onescu (page does not exist)">Onescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_St%C4%83nescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion Stănescu (page does not exist)">Stănescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Bobu" title="Emil Bobu">Bobu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teodor_Coman" title="Teodor Coman">Coman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Homo%C8%99tean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Homoștean (page does not exist)">Homoștean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_Postelnicu" title="Tudor Postelnicu">Postelnicu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania since 1989</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Chi%C8%9Bac" title="Mihai Chițac">Chițac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doru-Viorel_Ursu" title="Doru-Viorel Ursu">Ursu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Babiuc" title="Victor Babiuc">Babiuc</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_D%C4%83nescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Dănescu (page does not exist)">Dănescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doru_Ioan_T%C4%83r%C4%83cil%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doru Ioan Tărăcilă (page does not exist)">Tărăcilă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavril_Dejeu" title="Gavril Dejeu">Dejeu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Dudu_Ionescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantin Dudu Ionescu (page does not exist)">C. Ionescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioan_Rus" title="Ioan Rus">Rus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marian_S%C4%83niu%C8%9B%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marian Săniuță (page does not exist)">Săniuță</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasile_Blaga" title="Vasile Blaga">Blaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristian_David_(politician)" title="Cristian David (politician)">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Oprea" title="Gabriel Oprea">Oprea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Dragnea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Nica" title="Dan Nica">Nica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasile_Blaga" title="Vasile Blaga">Blaga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traian_Iga%C8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traian Igaș (page does not exist)">Igaș</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_Berca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel Berca (page does not exist)">Berca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioan_Rus" title="Ioan Rus">Rus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Du%C8%99a" title="Mircea Dușa">Dușa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radu_Stroe" title="Radu Stroe">Stroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Oprea" title="Gabriel Oprea">Oprea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petre_Tob%C4%83" title="Petre Tobă">Tobă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drago%C8%99_Tudorache" title="Dragoș Tudorache">Tudorache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Dan" title="Carmen Dan">Dan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolae_Moga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolae Moga (page does not exist)">Moga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Vela" title="Marcel Vela">Vela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Bode" title="Lucian Bode">Bode</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223414#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223414#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223414#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110227573">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/24622445">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/84817/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjmTrVf4gBgxPcPJrtBT3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118717960">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82000658">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120591498">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120591498">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Goga, Octavian"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/PALV006532">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35690934">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990002743&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1216918">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/35500">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070512221">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90270490">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000348754&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=89470">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810590987205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007261701505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/6767ee8d-dfe7-4d5f-904d-d83ba2f8f1a9">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1044307">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118717960.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118717960">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028838815">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&oldid=1257185316">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Octavian_Goga&oldid=1257185316</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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