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Disponibil în 33 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ميناندريه بروتيكتور – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميناندريه بروتيكتور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Менандър Протектор – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Менандър Протектор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandar_Protektor" title="Menandar Protektor – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Menandar Protektor" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandre_Protector" title="Menandre Protector – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Menandre Protector" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protektor" title="Menander Protektor – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Menander Protektor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protektor" title="Menander Protektor – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Menander Protektor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CF%81" title="Μένανδρος Προτήκτωρ – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μένανδρος Προτήκτωρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protector" title="Menander Protector – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Menander Protector" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandro_el_Protector" title="Menandro el Protector – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Menandro el Protector" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="مناندر پروتکتور – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مناندر پروتکتور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9nandre_le_Protecteur" title="Ménandre le Protecteur – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ménandre le Protecteur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandro_Protector" title="Menandro Protector – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Menandro Protector" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מננדרוס פרוטקטור – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מננדרוס פרוטקטור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandrosz_Protektor" title="Menandrosz Protektor – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Menandrosz Protektor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80_%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Մենանդր Պրոտեկտոր – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մենանդր Պրոտեկտոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandro_Protector" title="Menandro Protector – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Menandro Protector" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandros_Protektor" title="Menandros Protektor – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Menandros Protektor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandro_Protettore" title="Menandro Protettore – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Menandro Protettore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9_(%E6%9D%B1%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E5%AE%B6)" title="メナンドロス (東ローマ帝国の歴史家) – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メナンドロス (東ローマ帝国の歴史家)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="მენანდრე პროტიქტორი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მენანდრე პროტიქტორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Менандр Протектор – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Менандр Протектор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Менандр Протектор – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Менандр Протектор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protector" title="Menander Protector – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Menander Protector" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protektor" title="Menander Protektor – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Menander Protektor" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandro_Protetor" title="Menandro Protetor – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Menandro Protetor" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Менандр Протектор – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Менандр Протектор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandar_Protektor" title="Menandar Protektor – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Menandar Protektor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protektor" title="Menander Protektor – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Menander Protektor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menand%C3%ABr_Protektori" title="Menandër Protektori – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Menandër Protektori" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menandar_Protektor" title="Menandar Protektor – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Menandar Protektor" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menander_Protektor" title="Menander Protektor – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Menander Protektor" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Менандр Протектор – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Менандр Протектор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%B5%E7%B1%B3%E5%8D%97%E5%BE%B7" title="卫兵米南德 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卫兵米南德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q336070#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Menander_Protector" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie:Menander_Protector&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discuții despre această pagină — pagină inexistentă [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Menander_Protector"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menander_Protector&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menander_Protector&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menander_Protector&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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style="text-align:center;background-color:#F5F5DC;color:#000000;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Constantinopol" title="Constantinopol">Istanbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turcia" title="Turcia">Turcia</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336070#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Frați și surori</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11925546" class="extiw" title="d:Q11925546"><span lang="en">Herodotus</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Herodotus</span> (Greek historian and brother of Menander Protector)|]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336070#P3373" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cetățenie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Byzantine_imperial_flag,_14th_century.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Byzantine_imperial_flag%2C_14th_century.svg/20px-Byzantine_imperial_flag%2C_14th_century.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Byzantine_imperial_flag%2C_14th_century.svg/30px-Byzantine_imperial_flag%2C_14th_century.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Byzantine_imperial_flag%2C_14th_century.svg/40px-Byzantine_imperial_flag%2C_14th_century.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="648" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Imperiul Roman de Răsărit</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336070#P27" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Istoric" title="Istoric">istoric</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Scriitor" title="Scriitor">scriitor</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336070#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_greac%C4%83_veche" title="Limba greacă veche">limba greacă veche</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336070#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##F5F5DC solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336070" class="extiw" title="d:Q336070">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Menander_Protector&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Biografie" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/20px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/40px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16861271">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Menander Protector</b> (<b>Menander Păzitorul</b>) (<a href="/wiki/Secolul_al_VI-lea" title="Secolul al VI-lea">secolul al VI-lea</a>) a fost un istoric <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Bizantin" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiul Bizantin">bizantin</a>. </p><p>Menander s-a născut la <a href="/wiki/Constantinopol" title="Constantinopol">Constantinopol</a> la jumătatea <a href="/wiki/Secolul_al_VI-lea" title="Secolul al VI-lea">secolului al VI-lea</a>. Despre viața sa se cunosc puține date, culese din relatările târzii (din <a href="/wiki/Secolul_al_X-lea" title="Secolul al X-lea">secolul al X-lea</a>) ale lui <a href="/wiki/Suidas" class="mw-redirect" title="Suidas">Suidas</a>. El a început studiile de drept, pe care le-a abandonat în favoarea unei vieți de plăceri. Atunci când averea sa risca să se risipească, patronajul acordat literaturii de către împăratul <a href="/wiki/Mauriciu_al_Bizan%C8%9Bului" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauriciu al Bizanțului">Mauriciu al Bizanțului</a>, la curtea căruia Menander era ofițer militar (de aici și epitetul de <i>Protector</i>, care denotă funcția sa de militar), l-a încurajat să încerce să scrie istorie. </p><p>El l-a avut ca model pe istoricul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agathias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agathias — pagină inexistentă">Agathias</a> care, ca și el, fusese jurist, iar istoria lui Menander debutează cu evenimente care urmează momentului în care se încheie cronica lui Agathias. Astfel, istoria lui Menander acoperă perioada dintre sosirea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutriguri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutriguri — pagină inexistentă">kutrigurilor</a> în <a href="/wiki/Tracia" title="Tracia">Tracia</a> în timpul împăratului <a href="/wiki/Iustinian_I_(cel_Mare)" class="mw-redirect" title="Iustinian I (cel Mare)">Iustinian I</a> în anul <a href="/wiki/558" title="558">558</a> și moartea împăratului <a href="/wiki/Tiberiu_I_al_Bizan%C8%9Bului" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiberiu I al Bizanțului">Tiberiu I</a> din <a href="/wiki/582" title="582">582</a>. Fragmente consistente ale operei sunt prezervate în excerpte ale lui <a href="/wiki/Constantin_al_VII-lea_Porfirogenet" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantin al VII-lea Porfirogenet">Constantin Porfirogenetul</a> și în <i>lexikon</i>-ul lui Suidas. Deși stilul este uneori bombastic, Menander este considerat o sursă demnă de încredere și una dintre autoritățile istoriografice pentru secolul al VI-lea, în special chestiuni de natură geografică și <a href="/wiki/Etnografie" title="Etnografie">etnografică</a>. Menander a fost un martor ocular al unora dintre evenimentele pe care le descrie. Ca și Agathias, el a scris <a href="/wiki/Epigram%C4%83" title="Epigramă">epigrame</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menander_Protector&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menander_Protector&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fragmentele operei istorice a lui Menander Protector sunt publicate în: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Wilhelm_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Müller — pagină inexistentă">Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Müller</a>, <i>Fragmenta historicorum Graecorum</i>, 4, 200.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Paul_Migne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Paul Migne — pagină inexistentă">Jacques Paul Migne</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Patrologia_Graeca" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrologia Graeca">Patrologia Graeca</a></i>, 113.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._Dindorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L. Dindorf — pagină inexistentă">L. Dindorf</a>, <i>Historici Graeci minores</i>, 2.</li></ul> <p>Traducere: </p> <ul><li>Roger Blockley, <i>The History of Menander the Guardsman</i>, Liverpool, 1985.</li></ul> <p><i>Acest articol conține text din</i> <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_1911" title="Encyclopædia Britannica 1911">Encyclopædia Britannica 1911</a>, <i>o publicație aparținând <a href="/wiki/Domeniu_public" title="Domeniu public">domeniului public</a>.</i> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="boilerplate metadata" id="stub"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Istoriciorga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/thumb/3/35/Istoriciorga.jpg/22px-Istoriciorga.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/thumb/3/35/Istoriciorga.jpg/33px-Istoriciorga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/thumb/3/35/Istoriciorga.jpg/44px-Istoriciorga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="47" data-file-height="49" /></a></span></td><td> <i>Acest articol despre un subiect <a href="/wiki/Istorie" title="Istorie">istoric</a> este deocamdată un <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articolul_ciot_perfect" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Articolul ciot perfect">ciot</a>. Puteți <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:G%C4%83se%C8%99te_%C8%99i_repar%C4%83_un_ciot" title="Wikipedia:Găsește și repară un ciot">ajuta</a> Wikipedia prin completarea sa.</i></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Istorici_bizantini" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Istorici_bizantini" title="Format:Istorici bizantini"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Istorici_bizantini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Istorici bizantini — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>33 limbi</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Adăugare subiect</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-866f5d587f-r696c","wgBackendResponseTime":884,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.499","walltime":"0.732","ppvisitednodes":{"value":783,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":26886,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":235,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":5213,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":16,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 687.128 1 -total"," 88.72% 609.636 1 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