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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Japanese </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Syllabary_and_orthography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syllabary_and_orthography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 Syllabary and orthography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syllabary_and_orthography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Extensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1.1 Extensions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 Usage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ainu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ainu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Ainu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ainu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taiwanese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwanese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Taiwanese </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwanese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Okinawan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Okinawan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Okinawan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Okinawan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table_of_katakana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table_of_katakana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Table of katakana </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Table_of_katakana-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Table of katakana subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Table_of_katakana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Extended_katakana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extended_katakana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Extended katakana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extended_katakana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 History </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obsolete_kana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obsolete_kana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Obsolete kana </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Obsolete_kana-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Obsolete kana subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Obsolete_kana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Variant_forms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variant_forms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Variant forms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variant_forms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polysyllabic_kana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polysyllabic_kana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Polysyllabic kana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polysyllabic_kana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yi,_Ye_and_Wu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yi,_Ye_and_Wu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Yi, Ye and Wu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yi,_Ye_and_Wu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stroke_order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stroke_order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Stroke order </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stroke_order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Computer_encoding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Computer_encoding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Computer encoding </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Computer_encoding-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Computer encoding subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Computer_encoding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hiragana_and_katakana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hiragana_and_katakana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Hiragana and katakana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hiragana_and_katakana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Unicode </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Katakana</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 86 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" > 86 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="كاتاكانا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاتاكانا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="কাতাকানা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কাতাকানা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Катакана – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Катакана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Катакана – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Катакана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Κατακάνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κατακάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strekaj_kanaoj" title="Strekaj kanaoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Strekaj kanaoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="کاتاکانا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاتاکانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%ED%83%80%EC%B9%B4%EB%82%98" title="가타카나 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가타카나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Կատականա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կատականա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="काताकाना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="काताकाना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94" title="קאטאקאנה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קאטאקאנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="კატაკანა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კატაკანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catacana" title="Catacana – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Catacana" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Катакана – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Катакана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8" title="കത്തക്കാന – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കത്തക്കാന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="كاتاكانا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كاتاكانا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%90%E1%80%81%E1%80%94" title="ခတခန – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခတခန" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%87%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D" title="片仮名 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="片仮名" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਕਾਤਾਕਾਨਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਤਾਕਾਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="کاتاکانا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کاتاکانا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6" title="កាតាកាណា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កាតាកាណា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Катакана – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Катакана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F" title="කතකනා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කතකනා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="کاتاکانا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کاتاکانا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Катакана – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Катакана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana_(skriftsystem)#Katakana" title="Kana (skriftsystem) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kana (skriftsystem)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0" title="คาตากานะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คาตากานะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Катакана – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Катакана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="کاتاکانا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کاتاکانا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%87%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="片假名 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="片假名" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Katakana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%87%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="片假名 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="片假名" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%87%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="片假名 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="片假名" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%87%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="片假名 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="片假名" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huruf_Katakana" title="Huruf Katakana – Komering" lang="kge" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Unicode block, see <a href="/wiki/Katakana_(Unicode_block)" title="Katakana (Unicode block)">Katakana (Unicode block)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:pink;">Katakana <div style="font-weight:normal">片仮名 カタカナ</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg/100px-Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg/150px-Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg/200px-Japanese_Katakana_kyokashotai_KA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Script type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Syllabary" title="Syllabary">Syllabary</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Time period</div></th><td class="infobox-data">~800 CE to the present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Direction</th><td class="infobox-data">Vertical right-to-left, left-to-right <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82946?uselang=en#P1406" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_languages" title="Ryukyuan languages">Ryukyuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hachij%C5%8D_language" title="Hachijō language">Hachijō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainu</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese Hokkien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palauan_language" title="Palauan language">Palauan</a> (formerly)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Related scripts</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Oracle_bone_script" title="Oracle bone script">Oracle bone script</a><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seal_script" title="Seal script">Seal script</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_script" title="Clerical script">Clerical script</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Regular_script" title="Regular script">Regular script</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a>)<ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li>Katakana</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sister systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style>Kana <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734">(411), Katakana</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Unicode alias</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Katakana</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Unicode_range" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode range">Unicode range</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li>Katakana: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U30A0.pdf">U+30A0–U+30FF</a></li><li>Katakana Phonetic Extensions: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U31F0.pdf">U+31F0–U+31FF</a></li><li>Enclosed CJK Letters and Months: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U3200.pdf">U+3200–U+32FF</a></li><li>Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/UFF00.pdf">U+FF00–U+FFEF</a></li><li>Kana Extended-B: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1AFF0.pdf">U+1AFF0–U+1AFFF</a></li><li>Kana Supplement: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B000.pdf">U+1B000–U+1B0FF</a></li><li>Kana Extended-A: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B100.pdf">U+1B100–U+1B12F</a></li><li>Small Kana Extension: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B130.pdf">U+1B130–U+1B16F</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="text-align:left; background:#eee;"> This article contains <a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1245169151">.mw-parser-output .jawriting-sidebar{width:20em}.mw-parser-output .jawriting-header{border-top:1px solid #aaa}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks jawriting-sidebar hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%9B%B8.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Japanese writing"><img alt="Japanese writing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E6%9B%B8.svg/75px-%E6%9B%B8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E6%9B%B8.svg/113px-%E6%9B%B8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%E6%9B%B8.svg/150px-%E6%9B%B8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_writing_system" title="Japanese writing system">Japanese writing</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading jawriting-header"> Components</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stroke_order" title="Stroke order">Stroke order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_Japanese_kanji_radicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Table of Japanese kanji radicals">Radicals</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" title="Jōyō kanji">Jōyō kanji</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_j%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" title="List of jōyō kanji">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Diku_kanji" title="Kyōiku kanji">Kyōiku kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dy%C5%8D_kanji" title="Tōyō kanji">Tōyō kanji</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jinmeiy%C5%8D_kanji" title="Jinmeiyō kanji">Jinmeiyō kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgai_kanji" title="Hyōgai kanji">Hyōgai kanji</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">Kana</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">Hentaigana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Katakana</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dgana" title="Sōgana">Sōgana</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon" title="Gojūon">Gojūon</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_typographic_symbols" title="List of Japanese typographic symbols">Typographic symbols</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_punctuation" title="Japanese punctuation">Japanese punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iteration_mark#Japanese" title="Iteration mark">Iteration mark</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading jawriting-header"> Uses</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Syllabograms</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furigana" title="Furigana">Furigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okurigana" title="Okurigana">Okurigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Braille" title="Japanese Braille">Braille</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading jawriting-header"> Transliteration</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Rōmaji</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kunrei-shiki_romanization" title="Kunrei-shiki romanization">Kunrei-shiki</a> / ISO 3602 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nihon-shiki_romanization" title="Nihon-shiki romanization">Nihon-shiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSL_romanization" title="JSL romanization">JSL</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W%C4%81puro_r%C5%8Dmaji" title="Wāpuro rōmaji">Wāpuro</a> (keyboard input)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Japanese" title="Cyrillization of Japanese">Cyrillization</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polivanov_system" title="Polivanov system">Polivanov system</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_writing" title="Template:Japanese writing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_writing" title="Template talk:Japanese writing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_writing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese writing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Katakana (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%89%87%E4%BB%AE%E5%90%8D" class="extiw" title="wikt:片仮名">片仮名</a>、<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A" class="extiw" title="wikt:カタカナ">カタカナ</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>IPA: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[katakaꜜna, kataꜜkana]</a>) is a Japanese <a href="/wiki/Syllabary" title="Syllabary">syllabary</a>, one component of the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_writing_system" title="Japanese writing system">Japanese writing system</a> along with <a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">hiragana</a>,<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a> and in some cases the <a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a> (known as <a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji" class="mw-redirect" title="Rōmaji">rōmaji</a>). The word katakana means "fragmentary kana", as the katakana characters are derived from components or fragments of more complex kanji. Katakana and hiragana are both <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">kana</a> systems. With one or two minor exceptions, each syllable (strictly <a href="/wiki/Mora_(linguistics)" title="Mora (linguistics)">mora</a>) in the Japanese language is represented by one character or kana in each system. Each kana represents either a vowel such as "a" (katakana <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2" class="extiw" title="wikt:ア">ア</a>); a consonant followed by a vowel such as "ka" (katakana <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB" class="extiw" title="wikt:カ">カ</a>); or "n" (katakana <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%83%B3" class="extiw" title="wikt:ン">ン</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Nasal_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal stop">nasal</a> <a href="/wiki/Sonorant" title="Sonorant">sonorant</a> which, depending on the context, sounds like English m, n or ng ([<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a>]) or like the <a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">nasal vowels</a> of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> or <a href="/wiki/Galician_language" title="Galician language">Galician</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In contrast to the hiragana syllabary, which is used for Japanese words not covered by kanji and for grammatical inflections, the katakana syllabary usage is comparable to <a href="/wiki/Italic_type" title="Italic type">italics</a> in English; specifically, it is used for <a href="/wiki/Transcription_into_Japanese" title="Transcription into Japanese">transcription</a> of foreign-language words into <a href="/wiki/Transcription_into_Japanese" title="Transcription into Japanese">Japanese</a> and the writing of <a href="/wiki/Loan_word" class="mw-redirect" title="Loan word">loan words</a> (collectively <a href="/wiki/Gairaigo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gairaigo">gairaigo</a>); for emphasis; to represent <a href="/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia">onomatopoeia</a>; for technical and scientific terms; and for names of plants, animals, minerals and often Japanese companies. Katakana evolved from <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Japan" title="Buddhism in Japan">Japanese Buddhist monks</a> transliterating Chinese texts into Japanese.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writing_system">Writing system</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Writing system">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> <table align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 14em; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom:1em"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Gojūon – Katakana characters with a nucleus </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>a</th> <th>i</th> <th>u</th> <th>e</th> <th>o </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th title="no onset"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>∅ </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/A_(kana)" title="A (kana)">ア</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/I_(kana)" title="I (kana)">イ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/U_(kana)" title="U (kana)">ウ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/E_(kana)" title="E (kana)">エ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/O_(kana)" title="O (kana)">オ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>k </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ka_(kana)" title="Ka (kana)">カ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ki_(kana)" title="Ki (kana)">キ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ku_(kana)" title="Ku (kana)">ク</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ke_(kana)" title="Ke (kana)">ケ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ko_(kana)" title="Ko (kana)">コ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>s </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Sa_(kana)" title="Sa (kana)">サ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Shi_(kana)" title="Shi (kana)">シ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Su_(kana)" title="Su (kana)">ス</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Se_(kana)" title="Se (kana)">セ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/So_(kana)" title="So (kana)">ソ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>t </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ta_(kana)" title="Ta (kana)">タ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Chi_(kana)" title="Chi (kana)">チ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Tsu_(kana)" title="Tsu (kana)">ツ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Te_(kana)" title="Te (kana)">テ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/To_(kana)" title="To (kana)">ト</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>n </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Na_(kana)" title="Na (kana)">ナ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ni_(kana)" title="Ni (kana)">ニ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Nu_(kana)" title="Nu (kana)">ヌ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ne_(kana)" title="Ne (kana)">ネ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/No_(kana)" title="No (kana)">ノ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>h </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ha_(kana)" title="Ha (kana)">ハ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Hi_(kana)" title="Hi (kana)">ヒ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Fu_(kana)" title="Fu (kana)">フ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/He_(kana)" title="He (kana)">ヘ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ho_(kana)" title="Ho (kana)">ホ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>m </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ma_(kana)" title="Ma (kana)">マ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Mi_(kana)" title="Mi (kana)">ミ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Mu_(kana)" title="Mu (kana)">ム</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Me_(kana)" title="Me (kana)">メ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Mo_(kana)" title="Mo (kana)">モ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>y </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ya_(kana)" title="Ya (kana)">ヤ</a></big></td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Yu_(kana)" title="Yu (kana)">ユ</a></big></td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Yo_(kana)" title="Yo (kana)">ヨ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>r </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ra_(kana)" title="Ra (kana)">ラ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ri_(kana)" title="Ri (kana)">リ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ru_(kana)" title="Ru (kana)">ル</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Re_(kana)" title="Re (kana)">レ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Ro_(kana)" title="Ro (kana)">ロ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>w </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Wa_(kana)" title="Wa (kana)">ワ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Wi_(kana)" title="Wi (kana)">ヰ</a></big></td> <td><a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/We_(kana)" title="We (kana)">ヱ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/Wo_(kana)" title="Wo (kana)">ヲ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="6"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="ン">ン</a></big> (n) </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> The complete katakana script consists of 48 characters, not counting functional and diacritic marks: <ul><li>5 <a href="/wiki/Syllable_nucleus" class="mw-redirect" title="Syllable nucleus">nucleus</a> vowels</li> <li>42 <a href="/wiki/Syllable_core" class="mw-redirect" title="Syllable core">core or body</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syllable_onset" class="mw-redirect" title="Syllable onset">onset</a>-nucleus) syllabograms, consisting of nine consonants in combination with each of the five vowels, of which three possible combinations (yi, ye, wu) are not canonical</li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/Syllable_coda" class="mw-redirect" title="Syllable coda">coda</a> consonant</li></ul> These are conceived as a 5×10 grid (gojūon, 五十音, literally "fifty sounds"), as shown in the adjacent table, read ア (a), イ (i), ウ (u), エ (e), オ (o), カ (ka), キ (ki), ク (ku), ケ (ke), コ (ko) and so on. The gojūon inherits its vowel and consonant order from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> practice. In <a href="/wiki/Horizontal_and_vertical_writing_in_East_Asian_scripts" title="Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts">vertical text</a> contexts, which used to be the default case, the grid is usually presented as 10 columns by 5 rows, with vowels on the right hand side and ア (a) on top. Katakana <a href="/wiki/Glyph" title="Glyph">glyphs</a> in the same row or column do not share common graphic characteristics. Three of the <a href="/wiki/Syllabogram" title="Syllabogram">syllabograms</a> to be expected, yi, ye and wu, may have been used idiosyncratically with varying <a href="/wiki/Glyph" title="Glyph">glyphs</a>, but never became conventional in any language and are not present at all in modern Japanese. The 50-sound table is often amended with an extra character, the nasal ン (n). This can appear in several positions, most often next to the N signs or, because it developed from one of many mu <a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">hentaigana</a>, below the u column. It may also be appended to the vowel row or the a column. Here, it is shown in a table of its own. The script includes two diacritic marks placed at the upper right of the base character that change the initial sound of a syllabogram. A double dot, called <a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">dakuten</a>, indicates a primary alteration; most often it voices the consonant: k→g, s→z, t→d and h→b; for example, カ (ka) becomes ガ (ga). Secondary alteration, where possible, is shown by a circular <a href="/wiki/Handakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Handakuten">handakuten</a>: h→p; For example; ハ (ha) becomes パ (pa). Diacritics, though used for over a thousand years, only became mandatory in the Japanese writing system in the second half of the 20th century. Their application is strictly limited in proper writing systems,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] but may be more extensive in academic transcriptions. Furthermore, some characters may have special semantics when used in smaller sizes after a normal one (see below), but this does not make the script truly <a href="/wiki/Bicameral_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral script">bicameral</a>. The layout of the gojūon table promotes a systematic view of kana syllabograms as being always pronounced with the same single consonant followed by a vowel, but this is not exactly the case (and never has been). Existing schemes for the <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">romanization of Japanese</a> either are based on the systematic nature of the script, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Nihon-shiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihon-shiki">nihon-shiki</a> チ ti, or they apply some Western <a href="/wiki/Graphotactics" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphotactics">graphotactics</a>, usually the English one, to the common Japanese pronunciation of the kana signs, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Hepburn-shiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepburn-shiki">Hepburn-shiki</a> チ chi. Both approaches conceal the fact, though, that many consonant-based katakana signs, especially those canonically ending in u, can be used in coda position, too, where the vowel is <a href="/wiki/Unvoiced" class="mw-redirect" title="Unvoiced">unvoiced</a> and therefore barely perceptible. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese">Japanese</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Japanese">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Syllabary_and_orthography">Syllabary and orthography</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Syllabary and orthography">edit</a>]</div> <table align="right" style="margin-left:1em;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px; text-align:center;"> <caption>Katakana used in Japanese orthography </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>a</th> <th>i</th> <th>u</th> <th>e</th> <th>o </th></tr> <tr> <th title="No onset">∅ </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="ア">ア</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="イ">イ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="ウ">ウ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="エ">エ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="オ">オ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>k </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="カ">カ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="キ">キ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="ク">ク</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ケ">ケ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="コ">コ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>g </th> <td><big>ガ</big></td> <td><big>ギ</big></td> <td><big>グ</big></td> <td><big>ゲ</big></td> <td><big>ゴ</big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>s </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="サ">サ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="シ">シ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ス">ス</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="セ">セ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="ソ">ソ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>z </th> <td><big>ザ</big></td> <td><big>ジ</big></td> <td><big>ズ</big></td> <td><big>ゼ</big></td> <td><big>ゾ</big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>t </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="タ">タ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="チ">チ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%84" class="mw-redirect" title="ツ">ツ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%86" class="mw-redirect" title="テ">テ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%88" class="mw-redirect" title="ト">ト</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>d </th> <td><big>ダ</big></td> <td><big>ヂ</big></td> <td><big>ヅ</big></td> <td><big>デ</big></td> <td><big>ド</big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>n </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="ナ">ナ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="ニ">ニ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ヌ">ヌ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="ネ">ネ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="ノ">ノ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>h </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="ハ">ハ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%92" class="mw-redirect" title="ヒ">ヒ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95" class="mw-redirect" title="フ">フ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%98" class="mw-redirect" title="ヘ">ヘ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="ホ">ホ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>b </th> <td><big>バ</big></td> <td><big>ビ</big></td> <td><big>ブ</big></td> <td><big>ベ</big></td> <td><big>ボ</big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>p </th> <td><big>パ</big></td> <td><big>ピ</big></td> <td><big>プ</big></td> <td><big>ペ</big></td> <td><big>ポ</big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>m </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="マ">マ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="ミ">ミ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="ム">ム</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="メ">メ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="モ">モ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>y </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="ヤ">ヤ</a></big></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="ユ">ユ</a></big></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="ヨ">ヨ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>r </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="ラ">ラ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="リ">リ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="ル">ル</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="レ">レ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ロ">ロ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th>w </th> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="ワ">ワ</a></big></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="ヰ">ヰ</a></big></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ヱ">ヱ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="ヲ">ヲ</a></big> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="ン">ン</a></big> (n) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">Functional marks and diacritics </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%83" class="mw-redirect" title="ッ">ッ</a></big></td> <td><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="ヽ">ヽ</a></big></td> <td colspan="2"><big><a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">゛</a></big></td> <td colspan="2"><big><a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">゜</a></big> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>  Unused, extinct, or obsolete </td></tr></tbody></table> Of the 48 katakana syllabograms described above, only 46 are used in modern Japanese, and one of these is preserved for only a single use: <ul><li>wi and we are pronounced as vowels in modern Japanese and are therefore obsolete, having been supplanted by i and e, respectively.</li> <li>wo is now used only as a <a href="/wiki/Japanese_particles" title="Japanese particles">particle</a>, and is normally pronounced the same as vowel オ o. As a particle, it is usually written in hiragana (を) and the katakana form, ヲ, is almost obsolete.</li></ul> A small version of the katakana for ya, yu or yo (ャ, ュ or ョ, respectively) may be added to katakana ending in i. This changes the i vowel sound to a glide (<a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">palatalization</a>) to a, u or o, e.g. キャ (ki + ya) /kja/. Addition of the small y kana is called <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Don" title="Yōon">yōon</a>. A character called a <a href="/wiki/Sokuon" title="Sokuon">sokuon</a>, which is visually identical to a small tsu ッ, indicates that the following consonant is <a href="/wiki/Gemination" title="Gemination">geminated</a> (doubled). This is represented in rōmaji by doubling the consonant that follows the sokuon. In Japanese this is an important distinction in pronunciation; for example, compare サカ saka "hill" with サッカ sakka "author". Geminated consonants are common in transliterations of foreign loanwords; for example, English "bed" is represented as ベッド (beddo). The sokuon also sometimes appears at the end of utterances, where it denotes a <a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">glottal stop</a>. However, it cannot be used to double the na, ni, nu, ne, no syllables' consonants; to double these, the singular n (ン) is added in front of the syllable. The sokuon may also be used to approximate a non-native sound: Bach is written バッハ (Bahha); Mach as マッハ (Mahha). Both katakana and hiragana usually spell native <a href="/wiki/Long_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Long vowel">long vowels</a> with the addition of a second vowel kana. However, in foreign loanwords, katakana instead uses a vowel extender mark, called a <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Donpu" title="Chōonpu">chōonpu</a> ("long vowel mark"). This is a short line (ー) following the direction of the text, horizontal for <a href="/wiki/Yokogaki_and_tategaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Yokogaki and tategaki">yokogaki</a> (horizontal text), and vertical for <a href="/wiki/Yokogaki_and_tategaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Yokogaki and tategaki">tategaki</a> (vertical text). For example, メール mēru is the gairaigo for e-mail taken from the English word "mail"; the ー lengthens the e. There are some exceptions, such as ローソク (rōsoku (蝋燭, "candle")) or ケータイ(kētai (携帯, "mobile phone")), where Japanese words written in katakana use the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Donpu" title="Chōonpu">elongation mark</a>, too. Standard and voiced <a href="/wiki/Iteration_mark#Japanese" title="Iteration mark">iteration marks</a> are written in katakana as ヽ and ヾ, respectively. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Extensions">Extensions</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Extensions">edit</a>]</div> Small versions of the five vowel kana are sometimes used to represent trailing off sounds (ハァ haa, ネェ nee), but in katakana they are more often used in yōon-like extended digraphs designed to represent <a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phonemes</a> not present in Japanese; examples include チェ (che) in チェンジ chenji ("change"), ファ (fa) in ファミリー famirī ("family") and ウィ (wi) and ディ (di) in ウィキペディア Wikipedia; <a href="#Extended_katakana">see below</a> for the full list. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage">Usage</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Usage">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_writing_system" title="Japanese writing system">Japanese writing system</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg/220px-Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg/330px-Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg/440px-Myoe_Shonin_Kashu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="792" /></a><figcaption>Collection of poems by priest <a href="/wiki/My%C5%8De" title="Myōe">Myōe</a>, 1248</figcaption></figure> In modern Japanese, katakana is most often used for transcription of words from foreign languages or loanwords (other than words historically imported from Chinese), called gairaigo.<a href="#cite_note-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29-5">[5]</a> For example, "ice cream" is written アイスクリーム (aisukurīmu). Similarly, katakana is usually used for country names, foreign places, and foreign personal names. For example, the United States is usually referred to as アメリカ (Amerika), rather than in its <a href="/wiki/Ateji" title="Ateji">ateji</a> kanji spelling of 亜米利加 (Amerika). Katakana are also used for onomatopoeia,<a href="#cite_note-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29-5">[5]</a> words used to represent sounds – for example, ピンポン (pinpon), the "ding-dong" sound of a doorbell. Technical and scientific terms, such as the names of animal and plant species and minerals, are also commonly written in katakana.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Homo sapiens, as a species, is written ヒト (hito), rather than its kanji 人. Katakana are often (but not always) used for transcription of Japanese company names. For example, <a href="/wiki/Suzuki" title="Suzuki">Suzuki</a> is written スズキ, and <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> is written トヨタ. As these are common family names, Suzuki being the second most common in Japan,<a href="#cite_note-japan2-7">[7]</a> using katakana helps distinguish company names from surnames in writing. Katakana are commonly used on signs, advertisements, and hoardings (i.e., <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(advertising)" class="mw-redirect" title="Billboard (advertising)">billboards</a>), for example, ココ (koko, "here"), ゴミ (gomi, "trash"), or メガネ (megane, "glasses"). Words the writer wishes to emphasize in a sentence are also sometimes written in katakana, mirroring the usage of <a href="/wiki/Italics" class="mw-redirect" title="Italics">italics</a> in European languages.<a href="#cite_note-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29-5">[5]</a> Pre–World War II official documents mix katakana and kanji in the same way that hiragana and kanji are mixed in modern Japanese texts, that is, katakana were used for <a href="/wiki/Okurigana" title="Okurigana">okurigana</a> and particles such as wa or o. Katakana was also used for <a href="/wiki/Wabun_code" title="Wabun code">telegrams in Japan</a> before 1988, and for computer systems – before the introduction of multibyte characters – in the 1980s. Most computers of that era <a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0201" title="JIS X 0201">used katakana</a> instead of kanji or hiragana for output. Although words borrowed from ancient <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> are usually written in kanji, loanwords from modern Chinese varieties that are borrowed directly use katakana instead. <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Examples of modern Chinese loanwords in Japanese </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Japanese</th> <th title="Hepburn romanization of Japanese kana"><a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepburn romanisation">Hepburn</a></th> <th>Meaning</th> <th>Chinese</th> <th title="modern Hànyǔ Pīnyīn romanization of Chinese Hanzi"><a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yale_romanisation_of_Cantonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Yale romanisation of Cantonese">Yale</a></th> <th>Source language </th></tr> <tr> <td>マージャン</td> <td>mājan</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahjong" title="Mahjong">mahjong</a></td> <td>麻將</td> <td>májiàng</td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Mandarin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ウーロン茶</td> <td>ūroncha</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oolong" title="Oolong">Oolong</a> tea</td> <td>烏龍茶</td> <td>wūlóngchá </td></tr> <tr> <td>チャーハン</td> <td>chāhan</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fried_rice" title="Fried rice">fried rice</a></td> <td>炒飯</td> <td>chǎofàn </td></tr> <tr> <td>チャーシュー</td> <td>chāshū</td> <td>barbecued pork</td> <td>叉燒</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Char_siu" title="Char siu">chā sīu</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>シューマイ</td> <td>shūmai</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shumai" title="Shumai">shumai</a></td> <td>燒賣</td> <td>sīu máai </td></tr></tbody></table> The very common Chinese loanword <a href="/wiki/Ramen" title="Ramen">rāmen</a>, written in katakana as ラーメン, is rarely written with its kanji (拉麺). There are rare instances where the opposite has occurred, with kanji forms created from words originally written in katakana. An example of this is コーヒー kōhī, ("<a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>"), which can alternatively be written as 珈琲. This kanji usage is occasionally employed by coffee manufacturers or coffee shops for novelty. Katakana is used to indicate the on'yomi (Chinese-derived readings) of a kanji in a <a href="/wiki/Kanji_dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanji dictionary">kanji dictionary</a>. For instance, the kanji 人 has a Japanese pronunciation, written in hiragana as ひと hito (person), as well as a Chinese derived pronunciation, written in katakana as ジン jin (used to denote groups of people). Katakana is sometimes used instead of hiragana as <a href="/wiki/Furigana" title="Furigana">furigana</a> to give the pronunciation of a word written in Roman characters, or for a foreign word, which is written as kanji for the meaning, but intended to be pronounced as the original. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_(19822048951).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_%2819822048951%29.jpg/220px-%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_%2819822048951%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_%2819822048951%29.jpg/330px-%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_%2819822048951%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_%2819822048951%29.jpg/440px-%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E8%B5%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F_%2819822048951%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>In this travel warning, the kanji for "fog" (霧) has been written in katakana (キリ) to make it more immediately readable.</figcaption></figure> Katakana are also sometimes used to indicate words being spoken in a foreign or otherwise unusual accent. For example, in a <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a>, the speech of a foreign character or a robot may be represented by コンニチワ konnichiwa ("hello") instead of the more typical hiragana こんにちは. Some <a href="/wiki/Japanese_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese names">Japanese personal names</a> are written in katakana. This was more common in the past, hence elderly women often have katakana names. This was particularly common among women in the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Taishō period">Taishō</a> periods, when many poor, illiterate parents were unwilling to pay a scholar to give their daughters names in kanji.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Katakana is also used to denote the fact that a character is speaking a foreign language, and what is displayed in katakana is only the Japanese "translation" of their words. Some frequently used words may also be written in katakana in dialogs to convey an informal, conversational tone. Some examples include マンガ ("manga"), アイツ aitsu ("that guy or girl; he/him; she/her"), バカ baka ("fool"), etc. Words with difficult-to-read kanji are sometimes written in katakana (hiragana is also used for this purpose). This phenomenon is often seen with <a href="/wiki/Medical_terminology" title="Medical terminology">medical terminology</a>. For example, in the word 皮膚科 hifuka ("<a href="/wiki/Dermatology" title="Dermatology">dermatology</a>"), the second kanji, 膚, is considered difficult to read, and thus the word hifuka is commonly written 皮フ科 or ヒフ科, mixing kanji and katakana. Similarly, difficult-to-read kanji such as 癌 gan ("<a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>") are often written in katakana or hiragana. Katakana is also used for traditional musical notations, as in the Tozan-<a href="/wiki/Ryu_(school)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryu (school)">ryū</a> of <a href="/wiki/Shakuhachi" title="Shakuhachi">shakuhachi</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Sankyoku" title="Sankyoku">sankyoku</a> ensembles with <a href="/wiki/Koto_(musical_instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Koto (musical instrument)">koto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shamisen" title="Shamisen">shamisen</a> and shakuhachi. Some instructors teaching Japanese as a foreign language "introduce katakana after the students have learned to read and write sentences in hiragana without difficulty and know the rules."<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Most students who have learned hiragana "do not have great difficulty in memorizing" katakana as well.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Other instructors introduce katakana first, because these are used with loanwords. This gives students a chance to practice reading and writing kana with meaningful words. This was the approach taken by the influential American linguistics scholar <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Harz_Jorden" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleanor Harz Jorden">Eleanor Harz Jorden</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japanese:_The_Written_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese: The Written Language">Japanese: The Written Language</a> (parallel to <a href="/wiki/Japanese:_The_Spoken_Language" title="Japanese: The Spoken Language">Japanese: The Spoken Language</a>).<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg/300px-Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg/450px-Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg/600px-Meiji_Kenpo01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1856" data-file-height="1508" /></a><figcaption>A page of the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Constitution" title="Meiji Constitution">Meiji Constitution</a> written exclusively with <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai" title="Kyūjitai">kyūjitai</a> and katakana</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ainu">Ainu</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ainu">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language#Writing" title="Ainu language">Ainu language § Writing</a></div> Katakana is commonly used by Japanese linguists to write the <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainu language</a>. In Ainu katakana usage, the consonant that comes at the end of a syllable is represented by a small version of a katakana that corresponds to that final consonant followed by a vowel (for details of which vowel, please see the table at <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language#Special_katakana_for_the_Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainu language § Special katakana for the Ainu language</a>). For instance, the Ainu word up is represented by ウㇷ゚ (ウプ [u followed by small pu]). Ainu also uses three handakuten modified katakana: セ゚ ([tse]) and either ツ゚ or ト゚ ([tu̜]). In Unicode, the Katakana Phonetic Extensions block (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U31F0.pdf">U+31F0–U+31FF</a>) exists for Ainu language support. These characters are used for the Ainu language only. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taiwanese">Taiwanese</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Taiwanese">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_kana" title="Taiwanese kana">Taiwanese kana</a></div> Taiwanese kana (タイ<a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/15px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/23px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/30px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a> ヲァヌ<a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/15px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/23px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/30px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a> ギイ<a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png/15px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png/23px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png/30px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a> カア<a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png/15px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png/23px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png/30px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_2.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a> ビェン<a href="/wiki/File:Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/15px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/23px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png/30px-Taiwanese_kana_normal_tone_5.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a>) is a katakana-based writing system once used to write <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Taiwanese Hokkien">Holo Taiwanese</a>, when <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> was <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">under Japanese rule</a>. It functioned as a phonetic guide for <a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese characters</a>, much like furigana in Japanese or Zhùyīn fúhào in Chinese. There were similar systems for other languages in Taiwan as well, including <a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Formosan_languages" title="Formosan languages">Formosan languages</a>. Unlike Japanese or Ainu, Taiwanese kana are used similarly to the <a href="/wiki/Zh%C3%B9y%C4%ABn_f%C3%BAh%C3%A0o" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhùyīn fúhào">zhùyīn fúhào</a> characters, with kana serving as initials, vowel medials and consonant finals, marked with tonal marks. A dot below the initial kana represents aspirated consonants, and チ, ツ, サ, セ, ソ, ウ and オ with a superpositional bar represent sounds found only in Taiwanese. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Okinawan">Okinawan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Okinawan">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Okinawan_scripts" title="Okinawan scripts">Okinawan scripts</a></div> Katakana is used as a phonetic guide for the <a href="/wiki/Okinawan_language" title="Okinawan language">Okinawan language</a>, unlike the various other systems to represent Okinawan, which use hiragana with extensions. The system was devised by the Okinawa Center of Language Study of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Ryukyus" title="University of the Ryukyus">University of the Ryukyus</a>. It uses many extensions and yōon to show the many non-Japanese sounds of Okinawan. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Table_of_katakana">Table of katakana</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Table of katakana">edit</a>]</div> This is a table of katakana together with their <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn romanization</a> and rough <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> transcription for their use in Japanese. Katakana with dakuten or handakuten follow the gojūon kana without them. Characters shi シ, tsu ツ, so ソ, and n ン look very similar in print except for the slant and stroke shape. These differences in slant and shape are more prominent when written with an <a href="/wiki/Ink_brush" title="Ink brush">ink brush</a>. <table class="wikitable nowraplinks" style="vertical-align:top;padding:2px;width:100%;"> <caption>Katakana syllabograms </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" width="4%"> </th> <th colspan="5" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;background:#BECFEB;" width="60%">Monographs (<a href="/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon" title="Gojūon">gojūon</a>) </th> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#CCCB9A;" width="36%">Digraphs (<a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Don" title="Yōon">yōon</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th width="12%">a</th> <th width="12%">i</th> <th width="12%">u</th> <th width="12%">e</th> <th width="12%">o </th> <th width="12%">ya</th> <th width="12%">yu</th> <th width="12%">yo </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th title="vowels">∅ </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/A_(kana)" title="A (kana)">ア</a></big> a <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[a]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/I_(kana)" title="I (kana)">イ</a></big> i <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[i]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/U_(kana)" title="U (kana)">ウ</a></big> u <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/E_(kana)" title="E (kana)">エ</a></big> e <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[e]</a><a href="#cite_note-oldE-12">[n 1]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/O_(kana)" title="O (kana)">オ</a></big> o <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[o]</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>K </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ka_(kana)" title="Ka (kana)">カ</a></big> ka <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ka]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ki_(kana)" title="Ki (kana)">キ</a></big> ki <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ki]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ku_(kana)" title="Ku (kana)">ク</a></big> ku <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[kɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ke_(kana)" title="Ke (kana)">ケ</a></big> ke <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ke]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ko_(kana)" title="Ko (kana)">コ</a></big> ko <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ko]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>キャ</big> kya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[kʲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>キュ</big> kyu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[kʲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>キョ</big> kyo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[kʲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>S </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Sa_(kana)" title="Sa (kana)">サ</a></big> sa <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[sa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Shi_(kana)" title="Shi (kana)">シ</a></big> shi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɕi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Su_(kana)" title="Su (kana)">ス</a></big> su <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[sɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Se_(kana)" title="Se (kana)">セ</a></big> se <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[se]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/So_(kana)" title="So (kana)">ソ</a></big> so <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[so]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>シャ</big> sha <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɕa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>シュ</big> shu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɕɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ショ</big> sho <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɕo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>T </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ta_(kana)" title="Ta (kana)">タ</a></big> ta <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ta]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Chi_(kana)" title="Chi (kana)">チ</a></big> chi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[t͡ɕi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Tsu_(kana)" title="Tsu (kana)">ツ</a></big> tsu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[t͡sɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Te_(kana)" title="Te (kana)">テ</a></big> te <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[te]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/To_(kana)" title="To (kana)">ト</a></big> to <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[to]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>チャ</big> cha <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[t͡ɕa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>チュ</big> chu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[t͡ɕɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>チョ</big> cho <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[t͡ɕo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>N </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Na_(kana)" title="Na (kana)">ナ</a></big> na <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[na]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ni_(kana)" title="Ni (kana)">ニ</a></big> ni <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɲi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Nu_(kana)" title="Nu (kana)">ヌ</a></big> nu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[nɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ne_(kana)" title="Ne (kana)">ネ</a></big> ne <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ne]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/No_(kana)" title="No (kana)">ノ</a></big> no <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[no]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ニャ</big> nya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ニュ</big> nyu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ニョ</big> nyo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>H </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ha_(kana)" title="Ha (kana)">ハ</a></big> ha <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ha]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Hi_(kana)" title="Hi (kana)">ヒ</a></big> hi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[çi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Fu_(kana)" title="Fu (kana)">フ</a></big> fu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɸɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/He_(kana)" title="He (kana)">ヘ</a></big> he <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[he]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ho_(kana)" title="Ho (kana)">ホ</a></big> ho <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ho]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ヒャ</big> hya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ça]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ヒュ</big> hyu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[çɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ヒョ</big> hyo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ço]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>M </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ma_(kana)" title="Ma (kana)">マ</a></big> ma <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ma]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Mi_(kana)" title="Mi (kana)">ミ</a></big> mi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[mi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Mu_(kana)" title="Mu (kana)">ム</a></big> mu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[mɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Me_(kana)" title="Me (kana)">メ</a></big> me <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[me]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Mo_(kana)" title="Mo (kana)">モ</a></big> mo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[mo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ミャ</big> mya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[mʲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ミュ</big> myu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[mʲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ミョ</big> myo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[mʲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>Y </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ya_(kana)" title="Ya (kana)">ヤ</a></big> ya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ja]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><a href="#cite_note-unused-13">[n 2]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Yu_(kana)" title="Yu (kana)">ユ</a></big> yu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[jɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"><big><a href="/wiki/Ye_(kana)" title="Ye (kana)">エ</a></big> ye <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[je]</a> / <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[e]</a><a href="#cite_note-extinct-14">[n 3]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Yo_(kana)" title="Yo (kana)">ヨ</a></big> yo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[jo]</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>R </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ra_(kana)" title="Ra (kana)">ラ</a></big> ra <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ri_(kana)" title="Ri (kana)">リ</a></big> ri <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ru_(kana)" title="Ru (kana)">ル</a></big> ru <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Re_(kana)" title="Re (kana)">レ</a></big> re <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾe]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Ro_(kana)" title="Ro (kana)">ロ</a></big> ro <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>リャ</big> rya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾʲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>リュ</big> ryu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾʲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>リョ</big> ryo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɾʲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>W </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Wa_(kana)" title="Wa (kana)">ワ</a></big> wa <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɰa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#D0D0D0"><a href="/wiki/Wi_(kana)" title="Wi (kana)"><big>ヰ</big></a> wi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɰi]</a> / <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[i]</a><a href="#cite_note-obsolete-15">[n 4]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF"><a href="#cite_note-unused-13">[n 2]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#D0D0D0"><a href="/wiki/We_(kana)" title="We (kana)"><big>ヱ</big></a> we <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɰe]</a> / <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[e]</a><a href="#cite_note-obsolete-15">[n 4]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/Wo_(kana)" title="Wo (kana)">ヲ</a></big> wo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɰo]</a> / <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[o]</a><a href="#cite_note-obsolete-15">[n 4]</a> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th rowspan="2"> </th> <th colspan="5" style="background:#BECFEB;">Monographs with diacritics: <a href="/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon" title="Gojūon">gojūon</a> with (<a href="/wiki/Handakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Handakuten">han</a>)<a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">dakuten</a> </th> <th colspan="3" style="background:#CCCB9A;">Digraphs with diacritics: <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Don" title="Yōon">yōon</a> with (<a href="/wiki/Handakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Handakuten">han</a>)<a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">dakuten</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>a</th> <th>i</th> <th>u</th> <th>e</th> <th>o </th> <th>ya</th> <th>yu</th> <th>yo </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>G </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ガ</big> ga <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ギ</big> gi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>グ</big> gu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ゲ</big> ge <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡe]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ゴ</big> go <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ギャ</big> gya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡʲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ギュ</big> gyu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡʲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ギョ</big> gyo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɡʲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>Z </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ザ</big> za <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[za]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ジ</big> ji <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ズ</big> zu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)zɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ゼ</big> ze <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ze]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ゾ</big> zo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[zo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ジャ</big> ja <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ジュ</big> ju <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ジョ</big> jo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>D </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ダ</big> da <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[da]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ヂ</big> ji <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑi]</a><a href="#cite_note-etymological-16">[n 5]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ヅ</big> zu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)zɯ]</a><a href="#cite_note-etymological-16">[n 5]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>デ</big> de <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[de]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ド</big> do <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[do]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ヂャ</big> ja <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑa]</a><a href="#cite_note-etymological-16">[n 5]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ヂュ</big> ju <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑɯ]</a><a href="#cite_note-etymological-16">[n 5]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ヂョ</big> jo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[(d)ʑo]</a><a href="#cite_note-etymological-16">[n 5]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>B </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>バ</big> ba <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ba]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ビ</big> bi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[bi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ブ</big> bu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[bɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ベ</big> be <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[be]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ボ</big> bo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[bo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ビャ</big> bya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[bʲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ビュ</big> byu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[bʲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ビョ</big> byo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[bʲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>P </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>パ</big> pa <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ピ</big> pi <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pi]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>プ</big> pu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ペ</big> pe <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pe]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ポ</big> po <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[po]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ピャ</big> pya <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pʲa]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ピュ</big> pyu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pʲɯ]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F3F5DE"><big>ピョ</big> pyo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[pʲo]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;padding:2px;width:100%;"> <th rowspan="2" width="4%"> </th> <th style="background:#BECFEB;">Final nasal monograph </th> <th colspan="6" style="background:#BECFEB;">Polysyllabic monographs </th></tr> <tr> <th>n</th> <th>iu</th> <th>koto</th> <th>shite</th> <th>toki</th> <th>tomo</th> <th>nari </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>* </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="ン">ン</a></big> n <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[m n ɲ ŋ ɴ ɰ̃]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_ifu.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Katakana_ifu.svg/20px-Katakana_ifu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Katakana_ifu.svg/30px-Katakana_ifu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Katakana_ifu.svg/40px-Katakana_ifu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a></big> iu <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[jɯː]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="ヿ">ヿ</a></big> koto <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[koto]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_shite.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Katakana_shite.svg/20px-Katakana_shite.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Katakana_shite.svg/30px-Katakana_shite.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Katakana_shite.svg/40px-Katakana_shite.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a></big> shite <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[ɕite]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_toki_1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Katakana_toki_1.svg/20px-Katakana_toki_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Katakana_toki_1.svg/30px-Katakana_toki_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Katakana_toki_1.svg/40px-Katakana_toki_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a>/<a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_toki_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Katakana_toki_2.svg/20px-Katakana_toki_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Katakana_toki_2.svg/30px-Katakana_toki_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Katakana_toki_2.svg/40px-Katakana_toki_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a></big> toki <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[toki]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_tomo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Katakana_tomo.svg/20px-Katakana_tomo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Katakana_tomo.svg/30px-Katakana_tomo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Katakana_tomo.svg/40px-Katakana_tomo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a></big> tomo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[tomo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_nari.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Katakana_nari.svg/20px-Katakana_nari.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Katakana_nari.svg/30px-Katakana_nari.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Katakana_nari.svg/40px-Katakana_nari.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a></big> nari <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[naɾi]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>* </th> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA" width="10%"><big><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_tomo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Katakana_tomo.svg/20px-Katakana_tomo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Katakana_tomo.svg/30px-Katakana_tomo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Katakana_tomo.svg/40px-Katakana_tomo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a>゙</big> domo <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[domo]</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;padding:2px;width:100%;"> <th rowspan="2" width="4%"> </th> <th colspan="4" style="background:#BECFEB;">Functional graphemes </th></tr> <tr> <th>sokuonfu</th> <th>chōonpu</th> <th>odoriji (monosyllable)</th> <th>odoriji (polysyllable) </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>* </th> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%83" class="mw-redirect" title="ッ">ッ</a></big> (indicates a <a href="/wiki/Geminate" class="mw-redirect" title="Geminate">geminate</a> consonant) </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="ー">ー</a></big> (indicates a long vowel) </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="ヽ">ヽ</a></big> (reduplicates and unvoices syllable) </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big><a href="/wiki/%E3%80%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="〱">〱</a></big> (reduplicates and unvoices syllable) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>* </th> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ヾ</big> (reduplicates and voices syllable) </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>〱゙</big> (reduplicates and voices syllable) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"> <th>* </th> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>ヽ゚</big> (reduplicates and voices syllable) </td> <td style="background-color:#EFFAFA"><big>〱゚</big> (reduplicates and voices syllable) </td></tr></tbody></table>Notes <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-oldE-12"><a href="#cite_ref-oldE_12-0">^</a> Prior to the e/ye merger in the mid-Heian period, a different character (𛀀) was used in position e. </li> <li id="cite_note-unused-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-unused_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-unused_13-1">b</a> Theoretical combinations yi and wu are <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> unused . Some katakana were invented for them by linguists in the Edo and Meiji periods in order to fill out the table, but they were never actually used in normal writing. </li> <li id="cite_note-extinct-14"><a href="#cite_ref-extinct_14-0">^</a> The combination ye existed prior to the mid-Heian period and was represented in very early katakana, but has been <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> extinct  for over a thousand years, having merged with e in the 10th century. The ye katakana (エ) was adopted for e (displacing 𛀀, the character originally used for e); the alternate katakana 𛄡 was invented for ye in the Meiji period for use in representations of Old and Early Classical Japanese so as to avoid confusion with the modern use of エ for e. </li> <li id="cite_note-obsolete-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_15-2">c</a> The characters in positions wi and we are <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> obsolete  in modern Japanese, and have been replaced by イ (i) and エ (e). The character wo, in practice normally pronounced o, is preserved in only one use: as a particle. This is normally written in hiragana (を), so katakana ヲ sees only limited use. See <a href="/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon" title="Gojūon">Gojūon</a> and the articles on each character for details. </li> <li id="cite_note-etymological-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-etymological_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-etymological_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-etymological_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-etymological_16-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-etymological_16-4">e</a> The ヂ (di) and ヅ (du) kana (often romanised as ji and zu) are primarily used for <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> etymological spelling , when the unvoiced equivalents チ (ti) and ツ (tu) (usually romanised as chi and tsu) undergo a sound change (<a href="/wiki/Rendaku" title="Rendaku">rendaku</a>) and become voiced when they occur in the middle of a compound word. In other cases, the identically-pronounced ジ (ji) and ズ (zu) are used instead. ヂ (di) and ヅ (du) can never begin a word, and they are not common in katakana, since the concept of rendaku does not apply to transcribed foreign words, one of the major uses of katakana. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Extended_katakana">Extended katakana</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Extended katakana">edit</a>]</div> Using small versions of the five vowel kana, many digraphs have been devised, mainly to represent the sounds in words of other languages. Digraphs with orange backgrounds are the general ones used for loanwords or foreign places or names, and those with blue backgrounds are used for more accurate transliterations of foreign sounds, both suggested by the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Japan" title="Cabinet of Japan">Cabinet of Japan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology" title="Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology">Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[12]</a> Katakana combinations with beige backgrounds are suggested by the <a href="/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institute" title="American National Standards Institute">American National Standards Institute</a><a href="#cite_note-ansi-18">[13]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/BSI_Group" title="BSI Group">British Standards Institution</a> as possible uses.<a href="#cite_note-bs-19">[14]</a> Ones with purple backgrounds appear on the 1974 version of the Hyōjun-shiki formatting.<a href="#cite_note-hyouzyunC-20">[15]</a> Pronunciations are shown in <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn romanization</a>. <table border="0" style="width:80%;" cellpadding="2px" cellspacing="2px"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#9cf; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#e1a1ff;">イィ yi </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td>イェ ye </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#9cf; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ウァ wa <a href="#cite_note-rare_w-21">[a]</a> </td> <td>ウィ wi </td> <td style="background:#e1a1ff;">ウゥ wu <a href="#cite_note-rare_w-21">[a]</a> </td> <td>ウェ we </td> <td>ウォ wo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td>ウャ wya </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ウュ wyu </td> <td>ウィェ wye </td> <td>ウョ wyo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#9cf; text-align:center;"> <td>ヴァ va </td> <td>ヴィ vi </td> <td>ヴ vu <a href="#cite_note-rare_v-22">[b]</a> </td> <td>ヴェ ve </td> <td>ヴォ vo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#eee8aa; text-align:center;"> <td>ヴャ vya </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#9cf;">ヴュ vyu </td> <td>ヴィェ vye </td> <td>ヴョ vyo <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>ウ゚ n <a href="#cite_note-nasal_u-24">[d]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">キェ kye <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ギェ gye </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#9cf; text-align:center;"> <td>クァ kwa </td> <td>クィ kwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td>クェ kwe </td> <td>クォ kwo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#9cf; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">クヮ kwa </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#eee8aa; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#9cf;">グァ gwa </td> <td>グィ gwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td>グェ gwe <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td>グォ gwo <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">グヮ gwa </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td>カ゚ nga <a href="#cite_note-bidakuon-26">[f]</a> </td> <td>キ゚ ngi <a href="#cite_note-bidakuon-26">[f]</a> </td> <td>ク゚ ngu <a href="#cite_note-bidakuon-26">[f]</a> </td> <td>ケ゚ nge <a href="#cite_note-bidakuon-26">[f]</a> </td> <td>コ゚ ngo <a href="#cite_note-bidakuon-26">[f]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#fc9;">シェ she </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#fc9;">ジェ je </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td style="background:#e1a1ff;">スィ si <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td style="background:#e1a1ff;">ズィ zi <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#fc9;">チェ che </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#e1a1ff;">ヂェ je </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#fc9; text-align:center;"> <td>ツァ tsa </td> <td style="background:#9cf;">ツィ tsi </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td>ツェ tse </td> <td>ツォ tso </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td>ツャ tsya </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ツュ tsyu </td> <td>ツィェ tsye </td> <td>ツョ tsyo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td>ヅァ za </td> <td>ヅィ zi </td> <td> </td> <td>ヅェ ze </td> <td>ヅォ zo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td>ヅャ zya </td> <td> </td> <td>ヅュ zyu </td> <td>ヅィェ zye </td> <td>ヅョ zyo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e7f5de; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#fc9;">ティ ti </td> <td style="background:#9cf;">トゥ tu </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#9cf; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;">トィ twi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td>テュ tyu </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e7f5de; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#fc9;">ディ di </td> <td style="background:#9cf;">ドゥ du </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#fc9; text-align:center;"> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;">ドィ dwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td>デュ dyu </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td>ヌィ nwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ニェ nye <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ヒェ hye <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td>ブィ bwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ビェ bye </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td>プィ pwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ピェ pye </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#fc9; text-align:center;"> <td>ファ fa </td> <td>フィ fi </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td>フェ fe </td> <td>フォ fo </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#eee8aa; text-align:center;"> <td>フャ fya </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td style="background:#9cf;">フュ fyu </td> <td>フィェ fye </td> <td>フョ fyo <a href="#cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">[c]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td style="background:#e1a1ff;">ホゥ hu </td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td>ムィ mwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">ミェ mye </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td> </td> <td>ルィ rwi <a href="#cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">[e]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#eee8aa;">リェ rye </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e1a1ff; text-align:center;"> <td>ラ゚ la <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td>リ゚ li <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td>ル゚ lu <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td>レ゚ le <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td>ロ゚ lo <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#e9e9e9; text-align:center;"> <td>リ゚ャ lya <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>リ゚ュ lyu <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td>リ゚ェ lye <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td> <td>リ゚ョ lyo <a href="#cite_note-rare_l-27">[g]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; background:#eee8aa; text-align:center;"> <td>ヷ va <a href="#cite_note-obsolete-30">[h]</a> </td> <td>ヸ vi <a href="#cite_note-obsolete-30">[h]</a> </td> <td style="background:#e9e9e9;"> </td> <td>ヹ ve <a href="#cite_note-obsolete-30">[h]</a> </td> <td>ヺ vo <a href="#cite_note-obsolete-30">[h]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rare_w-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rare_w_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_w_21-1">b</a> The use of ウ in these two cases to represent w is rare in modern Japanese except for Internet slang and customary transcription of the Latin sound [w] into katakana. E.g.: <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A1" class="extiw" title="ja:ミネルウァ">ミネルウァ</a> (Mineruwa "<a href="/wiki/Minerva" title="Minerva">Minerva</a>", from Latin MINERVA [mɪˈnɛrwa]); <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8C%E3%82%B9" class="extiw" title="ja:ウゥルカーヌス">ウゥルカーヌス</a> (Wurukānusu "<a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(mythology)" title="Vulcan (mythology)">Vulcan</a>", from Latin VVLCANVS, Vulcānus [wʊlˈkaːnʊs]). The wa-type of foreign sounds (as in watt or white) is usually transcribed to ワ (wa), while the wu-type (as in wood or woman) is usually to ウ (u) or ウー (ū). </li> <li id="cite_note-rare_v-22"><a href="#cite_ref-rare_v_22-0">^</a> ヴ has a rarely-used <a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">hiragana</a> form in ゔ that is also vu in Hepburn romanization systems. </li> <li id="cite_note-usage_unregulated-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-usage_unregulated_23-9">j</a> Mentioned in Note 1 「留意事項その1」 of 1991 Cabinet Order No. 2 as examples of other "usage unregulated" by the guidelines. </li> <li id="cite_note-nasal_u-24"><a href="#cite_ref-nasal_u_24-0">^</a> Prescribed by 「文部省制定發音符號」, published by the Japanese Ministry of Education in 1944, as a way to transcribe initial ウ (u) when pronounced nasally. For example, ウ゚マイ (nmai) as a transcription of うまい (umai). Usually, ン (n) is used for this purpose instead, as in ンマイ (nmai). </li> <li id="cite_note-Slavic_wi-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Slavic_wi_25-8">i</a> Employed in the transcription of <a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)#Slavic_languages" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">hard consonants</a> + i in Slavic languages. </li> <li id="cite_note-bidakuon-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bidakuon_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidakuon_26-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidakuon_26-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidakuon_26-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidakuon_26-4">e</a> Sometimes used in Japanese linguistics to transcribe the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bidakuon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bidakuon (page does not exist)">bidakuon</a> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3" class="extiw" title="ja:鼻濁音">ja</a>] [ŋ] initial. </li> <li id="cite_note-rare_l-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rare_l_27-8">i</a> Sometimes used in Japanese linguistics to mark an explicit [l] sound. </li> <li id="cite_note-obsolete-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_30-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-obsolete_30-3">d</a> Obsolete in modern Japanese and very rarely used.<a href="#cite_note-usage1946-28">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-usage1986-29">[17]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_origine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Katakana_origine.svg/220px-Katakana_origine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Katakana_origine.svg/330px-Katakana_origine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Katakana_origine.svg/440px-Katakana_origine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="441" /></a><figcaption>Roots of katakana highlighted</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Syougaku11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syougaku11.jpg/220px-Syougaku11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syougaku11.jpg/330px-Syougaku11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syougaku11.jpg/440px-Syougaku11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3720" data-file-height="3232" /></a><figcaption>Syougaku11</figcaption></figure> Katakana was developed in the 9th century (during the early <a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a>) by <a href="/wiki/Nara_period" title="Nara period">Buddhist monks in Nara</a> in order to transliterate texts and works of arts from India, by taking parts of <a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">man'yōgana</a> characters as a form of shorthand, hence this kana is so-called kata (片, "partial, fragmented"). For example, ka (カ) comes from the left side of ka (加, lit. "increase", but the original meaning is no longer applicable to kana). The adjacent table shows the origins of each katakana: the red markings of the original <a href="/wiki/Chinese_character" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese character">Chinese character</a> (used as man'yōgana) eventually became each corresponding symbol.<a href="#cite_note-31">[18]</a> Katakana is also heavily influenced by Sanskrit due to the original creators having travelled and worked with Indian Buddhists based in East Asia during the era.<a href="#cite_note-32">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[20]</a> Official documents of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> were written exclusively with <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai" title="Kyūjitai">kyūjitai</a> and katakana. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obsolete_kana">Obsolete kana</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Obsolete kana">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variant_forms">Variant forms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Variant forms">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">hentaigana</a></div> Katakana have variant forms. For example, <a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg/20px-Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg/30px-Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg/40px-Katakana_letter_Ne_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a>(ネ) and <a href="/wiki/File:Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg/20px-Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg/30px-Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg/40px-Katakana_letter_Wi_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1350" /></a>(ヰ).<a href="#cite_note-34">[21]</a> However, katakana's variant forms are fewer than hiragana's. Katakana's choices of man'yōgana segments had stabilized early on and established – with few exceptions – an unambiguous <a href="/wiki/Phonemic_orthography" title="Phonemic orthography">phonemic orthography</a> (one symbol per sound) long before the 1900 script regularization.<a href="#cite_note-35">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polysyllabic_kana">Polysyllabic kana</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Polysyllabic kana">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kana_ligature" title="Kana ligature">kana ligature</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yi,_Ye_and_Wu">Yi, Ye and Wu</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Yi, Ye and Wu">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Yi_(kana)" title="Yi (kana)">Yi (kana)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ye_(kana)" title="Ye (kana)">Ye (kana)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wu_(kana)" title="Wu (kana)">Wu (kana)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stroke_order">Stroke order</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Stroke order">edit</a>]</div> The following table shows the method for writing each katakana character. It is arranged in a traditional manner, where characters are organized by the sounds that make them up. The numbers and arrows indicate the <a href="/wiki/Stroke_order" title="Stroke order">stroke order</a> and direction, respectively. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Table_katakana.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Table_katakana.svg/768px-Table_katakana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="768" height="464" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Table_katakana.svg/1152px-Table_katakana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Table_katakana.svg/1536px-Table_katakana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computer_encoding">Computer encoding</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Computer encoding">edit</a>]</div> In addition to fonts intended for Japanese text and Unicode catch-all fonts (like <a href="/wiki/Arial_Unicode_MS" title="Arial Unicode MS">Arial Unicode MS</a>), many fonts intended for Chinese (such as MS Song) and Korean (such as Batang) also include katakana. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hiragana_and_katakana">Hiragana and katakana</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Hiragana and katakana">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Katakana" title="Special:EditPage/Katakana">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>. (September 2009) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Half-width_kana" title="Half-width kana">Half-width kana</a></div> In addition to the usual full-width (全角, zenkaku) display forms of characters, katakana has a second form, <a href="/wiki/Half-width_kana" title="Half-width kana">half-width</a> (半角, hankaku). The half-width forms were originally associated with the <a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0201" title="JIS X 0201">JIS X 0201</a> encoding. Although their display form is not specified in the standard, in practice they were designed to fit into the same rectangle of pixels as Roman letters to enable easy implementation on the computer equipment of the day. This space is narrower than the square space traditionally occupied by Japanese characters, hence the name "half-width". In this scheme, diacritics (dakuten and handakuten) are separate characters. When originally devised, the half-width katakana were represented by a single byte each, as in JIS X 0201, again in line with the capabilities of contemporary computer technology. In the late 1970s, two-byte character sets such as <a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0208" title="JIS X 0208">JIS X 0208</a> were introduced to support the full range of Japanese characters, including katakana, hiragana and kanji. Their display forms were designed to fit into an approximately square array of pixels, hence the name "full-width". For backward compatibility, separate support for half-width katakana has continued to be available in modern multi-byte encoding schemes such as Unicode, by having two separate blocks of characters – one displayed as usual (full-width) katakana, the other displayed as half-width katakana. Although often said to be obsolete, the half-width katakana are still used in many systems and encodings. For example, the titles of <a href="/wiki/Mini_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini disc">mini discs</a> can only be entered in ASCII or half-width katakana, and half-width katakana are commonly used in computerized cash register displays, on shop receipts, and Japanese digital television and DVD subtitles. Several popular Japanese encodings such as <a href="/wiki/Extended_Unix_Code" title="Extended Unix Code">EUC-JP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shift_JIS" title="Shift JIS">Shift JIS</a> have half-width katakana code as well as full-width. By contrast, <a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_2022" title="ISO/IEC 2022">ISO-2022-JP</a> has no half-width katakana, and is mainly used over <a href="/wiki/SMTP" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTP">SMTP</a> and <a href="/wiki/NNTP" class="mw-redirect" title="NNTP">NNTP</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unicode">Unicode</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Unicode">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Katakana_(Unicode_block)" title="Katakana (Unicode block)">Katakana (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms_(Unicode_block)" title="Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms (Unicode block)">Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months" title="Enclosed CJK Letters and Months">Enclosed CJK Letters and Months (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions" title="Katakana Phonetic Extensions">Katakana Phonetic Extensions (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kana_Supplement" title="Kana Supplement">Kana Supplement (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Small_Kana_Extension" title="Small Kana Extension">Small Kana Extension (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kana_Extended-A" title="Kana Extended-A">Kana Extended-A (Unicode block)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kana_Extended-B" title="Kana Extended-B">Kana Extended-B (Unicode block)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CJK_Compatibility" title="CJK Compatibility">CJK Compatibility</a></div> Katakana was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 1991 with the release of version 1.0. The Unicode block for (full-width) katakana is U+30A0–U+30FF. Encoded in this block along with the katakana are the nakaguro word-separation <a href="/wiki/Middle_dot" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle dot">middle dot</a>, the chōon vowel extender, the katakana <a href="/wiki/Iteration_mark" title="Iteration mark">iteration marks</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Typographic_ligature" class="mw-redirect" title="Typographic ligature">ligature</a> of <a href="/wiki/Koto_(kana)" title="Koto (kana)">コト</a> sometimes used in vertical writing. <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><a href="/wiki/Katakana_(Unicode_block)" title="Katakana (Unicode block)">Katakana</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#endnote_U30A0_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U30A0.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+30Ax </td> <td title="U+30A0: KATAKANA-HIRAGANA DOUBLE HYPHEN">゠ </td> <td title="U+30A1: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL A">ァ </td> <td title="U+30A2: KATAKANA LETTER A">ア </td> <td title="U+30A3: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL I">ィ </td> <td title="U+30A4: KATAKANA LETTER I">イ </td> <td title="U+30A5: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL U">ゥ </td> <td title="U+30A6: KATAKANA LETTER U">ウ </td> <td title="U+30A7: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL E">ェ </td> <td title="U+30A8: KATAKANA LETTER E">エ </td> <td title="U+30A9: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL O">ォ </td> <td title="U+30AA: KATAKANA LETTER O">オ </td> <td title="U+30AB: KATAKANA LETTER KA">カ </td> <td title="U+30AC: KATAKANA LETTER GA">ガ </td> <td title="U+30AD: KATAKANA LETTER KI">キ </td> <td title="U+30AE: KATAKANA LETTER GI">ギ </td> <td title="U+30AF: KATAKANA LETTER KU">ク </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+30Bx </td> <td title="U+30B0: KATAKANA LETTER GU">グ </td> <td title="U+30B1: KATAKANA LETTER KE">ケ </td> <td title="U+30B2: KATAKANA LETTER GE">ゲ </td> <td title="U+30B3: KATAKANA LETTER KO">コ </td> <td title="U+30B4: KATAKANA LETTER GO">ゴ </td> <td title="U+30B5: KATAKANA LETTER SA">サ </td> <td title="U+30B6: KATAKANA LETTER ZA">ザ </td> <td title="U+30B7: KATAKANA LETTER SI">シ </td> <td title="U+30B8: KATAKANA LETTER ZI">ジ </td> <td title="U+30B9: KATAKANA LETTER SU">ス </td> <td title="U+30BA: KATAKANA LETTER ZU">ズ </td> <td title="U+30BB: KATAKANA LETTER SE">セ </td> <td title="U+30BC: KATAKANA LETTER ZE">ゼ </td> <td title="U+30BD: KATAKANA LETTER SO">ソ </td> <td title="U+30BE: KATAKANA LETTER ZO">ゾ </td> <td title="U+30BF: KATAKANA LETTER TA">タ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+30Cx </td> <td title="U+30C0: KATAKANA LETTER DA">ダ </td> <td title="U+30C1: KATAKANA LETTER TI">チ </td> <td title="U+30C2: KATAKANA LETTER DI">ヂ </td> <td title="U+30C3: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU">ッ </td> <td title="U+30C4: KATAKANA LETTER TU">ツ </td> <td title="U+30C5: KATAKANA LETTER DU">ヅ </td> <td title="U+30C6: KATAKANA LETTER TE">テ </td> <td title="U+30C7: KATAKANA LETTER DE">デ </td> <td title="U+30C8: KATAKANA LETTER TO">ト </td> <td title="U+30C9: KATAKANA LETTER DO">ド </td> <td title="U+30CA: KATAKANA LETTER NA">ナ </td> <td title="U+30CB: KATAKANA LETTER NI">ニ </td> <td title="U+30CC: KATAKANA LETTER NU">ヌ </td> <td title="U+30CD: KATAKANA LETTER NE">ネ </td> <td title="U+30CE: KATAKANA LETTER NO">ノ </td> <td title="U+30CF: KATAKANA LETTER HA">ハ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+30Dx </td> <td title="U+30D0: KATAKANA LETTER BA">バ </td> <td title="U+30D1: KATAKANA LETTER PA">パ </td> <td title="U+30D2: KATAKANA LETTER HI">ヒ </td> <td title="U+30D3: KATAKANA LETTER BI">ビ </td> <td title="U+30D4: KATAKANA LETTER PI">ピ </td> <td title="U+30D5: KATAKANA LETTER HU">フ </td> <td title="U+30D6: KATAKANA LETTER BU">ブ </td> <td title="U+30D7: KATAKANA LETTER PU">プ </td> <td title="U+30D8: KATAKANA LETTER HE">ヘ </td> <td title="U+30D9: KATAKANA LETTER BE">ベ </td> <td title="U+30DA: KATAKANA LETTER PE">ペ </td> <td title="U+30DB: KATAKANA LETTER HO">ホ </td> <td title="U+30DC: KATAKANA LETTER BO">ボ </td> <td title="U+30DD: KATAKANA LETTER PO">ポ </td> <td title="U+30DE: KATAKANA LETTER MA">マ </td> <td title="U+30DF: KATAKANA LETTER MI">ミ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+30Ex </td> <td title="U+30E0: KATAKANA LETTER MU">ム </td> <td title="U+30E1: KATAKANA LETTER ME">メ </td> <td title="U+30E2: KATAKANA LETTER MO">モ </td> <td title="U+30E3: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YA">ャ </td> <td title="U+30E4: KATAKANA LETTER YA">ヤ </td> <td title="U+30E5: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YU">ュ </td> <td title="U+30E6: KATAKANA LETTER YU">ユ </td> <td title="U+30E7: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YO">ョ </td> <td title="U+30E8: KATAKANA LETTER YO">ヨ </td> <td title="U+30E9: KATAKANA LETTER RA">ラ </td> <td title="U+30EA: KATAKANA LETTER RI">リ </td> <td title="U+30EB: KATAKANA LETTER RU">ル </td> <td title="U+30EC: KATAKANA LETTER RE">レ </td> <td title="U+30ED: KATAKANA LETTER RO">ロ </td> <td title="U+30EE: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL WA">ヮ </td> <td title="U+30EF: KATAKANA LETTER WA">ワ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+30Fx </td> <td title="U+30F0: KATAKANA LETTER WI">ヰ </td> <td title="U+30F1: KATAKANA LETTER WE">ヱ </td> <td title="U+30F2: KATAKANA LETTER WO">ヲ </td> <td title="U+30F3: KATAKANA LETTER N">ン </td> <td title="U+30F4: KATAKANA LETTER VU">ヴ </td> <td title="U+30F5: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KA">ヵ </td> <td title="U+30F6: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KE">ヶ </td> <td title="U+30F7: KATAKANA LETTER VA">ヷ </td> <td title="U+30F8: KATAKANA LETTER VI">ヸ </td> <td title="U+30F9: KATAKANA LETTER VE">ヹ </td> <td title="U+30FA: KATAKANA LETTER VO">ヺ </td> <td title="U+30FB: KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT">・ </td> <td title="U+30FC: KATAKANA-HIRAGANA PROLONGED SOUND MARK">ー </td> <td title="U+30FD: KATAKANA ITERATION MARK">ヽ </td> <td title="U+30FE: KATAKANA VOICED ITERATION MARK">ヾ </td> <td title="U+30FF: KATAKANA DIGRAPH KOTO">ヿ </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U30A0_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> Half-width equivalents to the usual full-width katakana also exist in Unicode. These are encoded within the <a href="/wiki/Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms" class="mw-redirect" title="Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms">Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms</a> block (U+FF00–U+FFEF) (which also includes full-width forms of Latin characters, for instance), starting at U+FF65 and ending at U+FF9F (characters U+FF61–U+FF64 are half-width punctuation marks). This block also includes the half-width dakuten and handakuten. The full-width versions of these characters are found in the Hiragana block. <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">Katakana subset of <a href="/wiki/Halfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms_(Unicode_block)" title="Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms (Unicode block)">Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_UFF00_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/UFF00.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td>...</td> <td colspan="16" style="font-size:small">(U+FF00–U+FF64 omitted) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+FF6x </td> <td colspan="5" style="border-top: hidden"> </td> <td title="U+FF65: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT">･ </td> <td title="U+FF66: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER WO">ｦ </td> <td title="U+FF67: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL A">ｧ </td> <td title="U+FF68: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL I">ｨ </td> <td title="U+FF69: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL U">ｩ </td> <td title="U+FF6A: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL E">ｪ </td> <td title="U+FF6B: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL O">ｫ </td> <td title="U+FF6C: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YA">ｬ </td> <td title="U+FF6D: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YU">ｭ </td> <td title="U+FF6E: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL YO">ｮ </td> <td title="U+FF6F: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TU">ｯ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+FF7x </td> <td title="U+FF70: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA-HIRAGANA PROLONGED SOUND MARK">ｰ </td> <td title="U+FF71: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER A">ｱ </td> <td title="U+FF72: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER I">ｲ </td> <td title="U+FF73: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER U">ｳ </td> <td title="U+FF74: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER E">ｴ </td> <td title="U+FF75: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER O">ｵ </td> <td title="U+FF76: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER KA">ｶ </td> <td title="U+FF77: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER KI">ｷ </td> <td title="U+FF78: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER KU">ｸ </td> <td title="U+FF79: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER KE">ｹ </td> <td title="U+FF7A: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER KO">ｺ </td> <td title="U+FF7B: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SA">ｻ </td> <td title="U+FF7C: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SI">ｼ </td> <td title="U+FF7D: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SU">ｽ </td> <td title="U+FF7E: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SE">ｾ </td> <td title="U+FF7F: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SO">ｿ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+FF8x </td> <td title="U+FF80: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TA">ﾀ </td> <td title="U+FF81: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TI">ﾁ </td> <td title="U+FF82: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TU">ﾂ </td> <td title="U+FF83: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TE">ﾃ </td> <td title="U+FF84: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TO">ﾄ </td> <td title="U+FF85: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER NA">ﾅ </td> <td title="U+FF86: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER NI">ﾆ </td> <td title="U+FF87: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER NU">ﾇ </td> <td title="U+FF88: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER NE">ﾈ </td> <td title="U+FF89: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER NO">ﾉ </td> <td title="U+FF8A: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HA">ﾊ </td> <td title="U+FF8B: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HI">ﾋ </td> <td title="U+FF8C: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HU">ﾌ </td> <td title="U+FF8D: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HE">ﾍ </td> <td title="U+FF8E: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HO">ﾎ </td> <td title="U+FF8F: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER MA">ﾏ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+FF9x </td> <td title="U+FF90: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER MI">ﾐ </td> <td title="U+FF91: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER MU">ﾑ </td> <td title="U+FF92: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER ME">ﾒ </td> <td title="U+FF93: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER MO">ﾓ </td> <td title="U+FF94: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER YA">ﾔ </td> <td title="U+FF95: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER YU">ﾕ </td> <td title="U+FF96: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER YO">ﾖ </td> <td title="U+FF97: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RA">ﾗ </td> <td title="U+FF98: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RI">ﾘ </td> <td title="U+FF99: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RU">ﾙ </td> <td title="U+FF9A: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RE">ﾚ </td> <td title="U+FF9B: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RO">ﾛ </td> <td title="U+FF9C: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER WA">ﾜ </td> <td title="U+FF9D: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER N">ﾝ </td> <td title="U+FF9E: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA VOICED SOUND MARK">ﾞ </td> <td title="U+FF9F: HALFWIDTH KATAKANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK">ﾟ </td></tr> <tr> <td>...</td> <td colspan="16" style="font-size:small">(U+FFA0–U+FFEF omitted) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_UFF00_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> Circled katakana are code points U+32D0–U+32FE in the Enclosed CJK Letters and Months block (U+3200–U+32FF). A circled ン (n) is not included. <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">Katakana subset of <a href="/wiki/Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months" title="Enclosed CJK Letters and Months">Enclosed CJK Letters and Months</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U3200_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U3200.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td>...</td> <td colspan="16" style="font-size:small">(U+3200–U+32CF omitted) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+32Dx </td> <td title="U+32D0: CIRCLED KATAKANA A">㋐ </td> <td title="U+32D1: CIRCLED KATAKANA I">㋑ </td> <td title="U+32D2: CIRCLED KATAKANA U">㋒ </td> <td title="U+32D3: CIRCLED KATAKANA E">㋓ </td> <td title="U+32D4: CIRCLED KATAKANA O">㋔ </td> <td title="U+32D5: CIRCLED KATAKANA KA">㋕ </td> <td title="U+32D6: CIRCLED KATAKANA KI">㋖ </td> <td title="U+32D7: CIRCLED KATAKANA KU">㋗ </td> <td title="U+32D8: CIRCLED KATAKANA KE">㋘ </td> <td title="U+32D9: CIRCLED KATAKANA KO">㋙ </td> <td title="U+32DA: CIRCLED KATAKANA SA">㋚ </td> <td title="U+32DB: CIRCLED KATAKANA SI">㋛ </td> <td title="U+32DC: CIRCLED KATAKANA SU">㋜ </td> <td title="U+32DD: CIRCLED KATAKANA SE">㋝ </td> <td title="U+32DE: CIRCLED KATAKANA SO">㋞ </td> <td title="U+32DF: CIRCLED KATAKANA TA">㋟ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+32Ex </td> <td title="U+32E0: CIRCLED KATAKANA TI">㋠ </td> <td title="U+32E1: CIRCLED KATAKANA TU">㋡ </td> <td title="U+32E2: CIRCLED KATAKANA TE">㋢ </td> <td title="U+32E3: CIRCLED KATAKANA TO">㋣ </td> <td title="U+32E4: CIRCLED KATAKANA NA">㋤ </td> <td title="U+32E5: CIRCLED KATAKANA NI">㋥ </td> <td title="U+32E6: CIRCLED KATAKANA NU">㋦ </td> <td title="U+32E7: CIRCLED KATAKANA NE">㋧ </td> <td title="U+32E8: CIRCLED KATAKANA NO">㋨ </td> <td title="U+32E9: CIRCLED KATAKANA HA">㋩ </td> <td title="U+32EA: CIRCLED KATAKANA HI">㋪ </td> <td title="U+32EB: CIRCLED KATAKANA HU">㋫ </td> <td title="U+32EC: CIRCLED KATAKANA HE">㋬ </td> <td title="U+32ED: CIRCLED KATAKANA HO">㋭ </td> <td title="U+32EE: CIRCLED KATAKANA MA">㋮ </td> <td title="U+32EF: CIRCLED KATAKANA MI">㋯ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+32Fx </td> <td title="U+32F0: CIRCLED KATAKANA MU">㋰ </td> <td title="U+32F1: CIRCLED KATAKANA ME">㋱ </td> <td title="U+32F2: CIRCLED KATAKANA MO">㋲ </td> <td title="U+32F3: CIRCLED KATAKANA YA">㋳ </td> <td title="U+32F4: CIRCLED KATAKANA YU">㋴ </td> <td title="U+32F5: CIRCLED KATAKANA YO">㋵ </td> <td title="U+32F6: CIRCLED KATAKANA RA">㋶ </td> <td title="U+32F7: CIRCLED KATAKANA RI">㋷ </td> <td title="U+32F8: CIRCLED KATAKANA RU">㋸ </td> <td title="U+32F9: CIRCLED KATAKANA RE">㋹ </td> <td title="U+32FA: CIRCLED KATAKANA RO">㋺ </td> <td title="U+32FB: CIRCLED KATAKANA WA">㋻ </td> <td title="U+32FC: CIRCLED KATAKANA WI">㋼ </td> <td title="U+32FD: CIRCLED KATAKANA WE">㋽ </td> <td title="U+32FE: CIRCLED KATAKANA WO">㋾ </td> <td title="U+32FF: SQUARE ERA NAME REIWA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E5%92%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="令和">㋿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U3200_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> Extensions to Katakana for phonetic transcription of Ainu and other languages were added to the Unicode standard in March 2002 with the release of version 3.2. The Unicode block for Katakana Phonetic Extensions is U+31F0–U+31FF: <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><a href="/wiki/Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions" title="Katakana Phonetic Extensions">Katakana Phonetic Extensions</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U31F0_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U31F0.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+31Fx </td> <td title="U+31F0: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KU">ㇰ </td> <td title="U+31F1: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL SI">ㇱ </td> <td title="U+31F2: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL SU">ㇲ </td> <td title="U+31F3: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL TO">ㇳ </td> <td title="U+31F4: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL NU">ㇴ </td> <td title="U+31F5: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL HA">ㇵ </td> <td title="U+31F6: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL HI">ㇶ </td> <td title="U+31F7: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL HU">ㇷ </td> <td title="U+31F8: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL HE">ㇸ </td> <td title="U+31F9: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL HO">ㇹ </td> <td title="U+31FA: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL MU">ㇺ </td> <td title="U+31FB: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL RA">ㇻ </td> <td title="U+31FC: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL RI">ㇼ </td> <td title="U+31FD: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL RU">ㇽ </td> <td title="U+31FE: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL RE">ㇾ </td> <td title="U+31FF: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL RO">ㇿ </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U31F0_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> Historic and variant forms of Japanese kana characters were added to the Unicode standard in October 2010 with the release of version 6.0. The Unicode block for Kana Supplement is U+1B000–U+1B0FF: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244009259">.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart tr:not([lang|=en]):not([lang|=mul]) td:not([lang|=en]):not([lang|=mul]){font-family:"IPAmjMincho","BabelStone Han","Hanazono Mincho A","HanaMinA",sans-serif}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart{border-collapse:collapse;background-color:#fff;color:var(--color-base,#202122);font-size:large;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart th{background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart tr:nth-child(2) th{width:20pt}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart tr:last-child th{text-align:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#000)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart th{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#000)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaSupplementChart th{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}}</style> <table class="wikitable nounderlines UnicodeKanaSupplementChart"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="17" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Kana_Supplement" title="Kana Supplement">Kana Supplement</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1B000_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B000.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </th></tr> <tr lang="mul"> <th style="width:45pt"> </th> <th>0</th> <th>1</th> <th>2</th> <th>3</th> <th>4</th> <th>5</th> <th>6</th> <th>7</th> <th>8</th> <th>9</th> <th>A</th> <th>B</th> <th>C</th> <th>D</th> <th>E</th> <th>F </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B00x </th> <td title="U+1B000: KATAKANA LETTER ARCHAIC E">𛀀 </td> <td title="U+1B001: HIRAGANA LETTER ARCHAIC YE (alias HENTAIGANA LETTER E-1)">𛀁 </td> <td title="U+1B002: HENTAIGANA LETTER A-1">𛀂 </td> <td title="U+1B003: HENTAIGANA LETTER A-2">𛀃 </td> <td title="U+1B004: HENTAIGANA LETTER A-3">𛀄 </td> <td title="U+1B005: HENTAIGANA LETTER A-WO">𛀅 </td> <td title="U+1B006: HENTAIGANA LETTER I-1">𛀆 </td> <td title="U+1B007: HENTAIGANA LETTER I-2">𛀇 </td> <td title="U+1B008: HENTAIGANA LETTER I-3">𛀈 </td> <td title="U+1B009: HENTAIGANA LETTER I-4">𛀉 </td> <td title="U+1B00A: HENTAIGANA LETTER U-1">𛀊 </td> <td title="U+1B00B: HENTAIGANA LETTER U-2">𛀋 </td> <td title="U+1B00C: HENTAIGANA LETTER U-3">𛀌 </td> <td title="U+1B00D: HENTAIGANA LETTER U-4">𛀍 </td> <td title="U+1B00E: HENTAIGANA LETTER U-5">𛀎 </td> <td title="U+1B00F: HENTAIGANA LETTER E-2">𛀏 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B01x </th> <td title="U+1B010: HENTAIGANA LETTER E-3">𛀐 </td> <td title="U+1B011: HENTAIGANA LETTER E-4">𛀑 </td> <td title="U+1B012: HENTAIGANA LETTER E-5">𛀒 </td> <td title="U+1B013: HENTAIGANA LETTER E-6">𛀓 </td> <td title="U+1B014: HENTAIGANA LETTER O-1">𛀔 </td> <td title="U+1B015: HENTAIGANA LETTER O-2">𛀕 </td> <td title="U+1B016: HENTAIGANA LETTER O-3">𛀖 </td> <td title="U+1B017: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-1">𛀗 </td> <td title="U+1B018: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-2">𛀘 </td> <td title="U+1B019: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-3">𛀙 </td> <td title="U+1B01A: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-4">𛀚 </td> <td title="U+1B01B: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-5">𛀛 </td> <td title="U+1B01C: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-6">𛀜 </td> <td title="U+1B01D: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-7">𛀝 </td> <td title="U+1B01E: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-8">𛀞 </td> <td title="U+1B01F: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-9">𛀟 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B02x </th> <td title="U+1B020: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-10">𛀠 </td> <td title="U+1B021: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-11">𛀡 </td> <td title="U+1B022: HENTAIGANA LETTER KA-KE">𛀢 </td> <td title="U+1B023: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-1">𛀣 </td> <td title="U+1B024: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-2">𛀤 </td> <td title="U+1B025: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-3">𛀥 </td> <td title="U+1B026: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-4">𛀦 </td> <td title="U+1B027: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-5">𛀧 </td> <td title="U+1B028: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-6">𛀨 </td> <td title="U+1B029: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-7">𛀩 </td> <td title="U+1B02A: HENTAIGANA LETTER KI-8">𛀪 </td> <td title="U+1B02B: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-1">𛀫 </td> <td title="U+1B02C: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-2">𛀬 </td> <td title="U+1B02D: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-3">𛀭 </td> <td title="U+1B02E: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-4">𛀮 </td> <td title="U+1B02F: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-5">𛀯 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B03x </th> <td title="U+1B030: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-6">𛀰 </td> <td title="U+1B031: HENTAIGANA LETTER KU-7">𛀱 </td> <td title="U+1B032: HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-1">𛀲 </td> <td title="U+1B033: HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-2">𛀳 </td> <td title="U+1B034: HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-3">𛀴 </td> <td title="U+1B035: HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-4">𛀵 </td> <td title="U+1B036: HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-5">𛀶 </td> <td title="U+1B037: HENTAIGANA LETTER KE-6">𛀷 </td> <td title="U+1B038: HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-1">𛀸 </td> <td title="U+1B039: HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-2">𛀹 </td> <td title="U+1B03A: HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-3">𛀺 </td> <td title="U+1B03B: HENTAIGANA LETTER KO-KI">𛀻 </td> <td title="U+1B03C: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-1">𛀼 </td> <td title="U+1B03D: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-2">𛀽 </td> <td title="U+1B03E: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-3">𛀾 </td> <td title="U+1B03F: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-4">𛀿 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B04x </th> <td title="U+1B040: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-5">𛁀 </td> <td title="U+1B041: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-6">𛁁 </td> <td title="U+1B042: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-7">𛁂 </td> <td title="U+1B043: HENTAIGANA LETTER SA-8">𛁃 </td> <td title="U+1B044: HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-1">𛁄 </td> <td title="U+1B045: HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-2">𛁅 </td> <td title="U+1B046: HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-3">𛁆 </td> <td title="U+1B047: HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-4">𛁇 </td> <td title="U+1B048: HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-5">𛁈 </td> <td title="U+1B049: HENTAIGANA LETTER SI-6">𛁉 </td> <td title="U+1B04A: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-1">𛁊 </td> <td title="U+1B04B: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-2">𛁋 </td> <td title="U+1B04C: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-3">𛁌 </td> <td title="U+1B04D: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-4">𛁍 </td> <td title="U+1B04E: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-5">𛁎 </td> <td title="U+1B04F: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-6">𛁏 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B05x </th> <td title="U+1B050: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-7">𛁐 </td> <td title="U+1B051: HENTAIGANA LETTER SU-8">𛁑 </td> <td title="U+1B052: HENTAIGANA LETTER SE-1">𛁒 </td> <td title="U+1B053: HENTAIGANA LETTER SE-2">𛁓 </td> <td title="U+1B054: HENTAIGANA LETTER SE-3">𛁔 </td> <td title="U+1B055: HENTAIGANA LETTER SE-4">𛁕 </td> <td title="U+1B056: HENTAIGANA LETTER SE-5">𛁖 </td> <td title="U+1B057: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-1">𛁗 </td> <td title="U+1B058: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-2">𛁘 </td> <td title="U+1B059: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-3">𛁙 </td> <td title="U+1B05A: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-4">𛁚 </td> <td title="U+1B05B: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-5">𛁛 </td> <td title="U+1B05C: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-6">𛁜 </td> <td title="U+1B05D: HENTAIGANA LETTER SO-7">𛁝 </td> <td title="U+1B05E: HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-1">𛁞 </td> <td title="U+1B05F: HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-2">𛁟 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B06x </th> <td title="U+1B060: HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-3">𛁠 </td> <td title="U+1B061: HENTAIGANA LETTER TA-4">𛁡 </td> <td title="U+1B062: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-1">𛁢 </td> <td title="U+1B063: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-2">𛁣 </td> <td title="U+1B064: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-3">𛁤 </td> <td title="U+1B065: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-4">𛁥 </td> <td title="U+1B066: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-5">𛁦 </td> <td title="U+1B067: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-6">𛁧 </td> <td title="U+1B068: HENTAIGANA LETTER TI-7">𛁨 </td> <td title="U+1B069: HENTAIGANA LETTER TU-1">𛁩 </td> <td title="U+1B06A: HENTAIGANA LETTER TU-2">𛁪 </td> <td title="U+1B06B: HENTAIGANA LETTER TU-3">𛁫 </td> <td title="U+1B06C: HENTAIGANA LETTER TU-4">𛁬 </td> <td title="U+1B06D: HENTAIGANA LETTER TU-TO">𛁭 </td> <td title="U+1B06E: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-1">𛁮 </td> <td title="U+1B06F: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-2">𛁯 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B07x </th> <td title="U+1B070: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-3">𛁰 </td> <td title="U+1B071: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-4">𛁱 </td> <td title="U+1B072: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-5">𛁲 </td> <td title="U+1B073: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-6">𛁳 </td> <td title="U+1B074: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-7">𛁴 </td> <td title="U+1B075: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-8">𛁵 </td> <td title="U+1B076: HENTAIGANA LETTER TE-9">𛁶 </td> <td title="U+1B077: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-1">𛁷 </td> <td title="U+1B078: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-2">𛁸 </td> <td title="U+1B079: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-3">𛁹 </td> <td title="U+1B07A: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-4">𛁺 </td> <td title="U+1B07B: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-5">𛁻 </td> <td title="U+1B07C: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-6">𛁼 </td> <td title="U+1B07D: HENTAIGANA LETTER TO-RA">𛁽 </td> <td title="U+1B07E: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-1">𛁾 </td> <td title="U+1B07F: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-2">𛁿 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B08x </th> <td title="U+1B080: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-3">𛂀 </td> <td title="U+1B081: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-4">𛂁 </td> <td title="U+1B082: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-5">𛂂 </td> <td title="U+1B083: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-6">𛂃 </td> <td title="U+1B084: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-7">𛂄 </td> <td title="U+1B085: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-8">𛂅 </td> <td title="U+1B086: HENTAIGANA LETTER NA-9">𛂆 </td> <td title="U+1B087: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-1">𛂇 </td> <td title="U+1B088: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-2">𛂈 </td> <td title="U+1B089: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-3">𛂉 </td> <td title="U+1B08A: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-4">𛂊 </td> <td title="U+1B08B: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-5">𛂋 </td> <td title="U+1B08C: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-6">𛂌 </td> <td title="U+1B08D: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-7">𛂍 </td> <td title="U+1B08E: HENTAIGANA LETTER NI-TE">𛂎 </td> <td title="U+1B08F: HENTAIGANA LETTER NU-1">𛂏 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B09x </th> <td title="U+1B090: HENTAIGANA LETTER NU-2">𛂐 </td> <td title="U+1B091: HENTAIGANA LETTER NU-3">𛂑 </td> <td title="U+1B092: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-1">𛂒 </td> <td title="U+1B093: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-2">𛂓 </td> <td title="U+1B094: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-3">𛂔 </td> <td title="U+1B095: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-4">𛂕 </td> <td title="U+1B096: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-5">𛂖 </td> <td title="U+1B097: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-6">𛂗 </td> <td title="U+1B098: HENTAIGANA LETTER NE-KO">𛂘 </td> <td title="U+1B099: HENTAIGANA LETTER NO-1">𛂙 </td> <td title="U+1B09A: HENTAIGANA LETTER NO-2">𛂚 </td> <td title="U+1B09B: HENTAIGANA LETTER NO-3">𛂛 </td> <td title="U+1B09C: HENTAIGANA LETTER NO-4">𛂜 </td> <td title="U+1B09D: HENTAIGANA LETTER NO-5">𛂝 </td> <td title="U+1B09E: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-1">𛂞 </td> <td title="U+1B09F: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-2">𛂟 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B0Ax </th> <td title="U+1B0A0: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-3">𛂠 </td> <td title="U+1B0A1: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-4">𛂡 </td> <td title="U+1B0A2: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-5">𛂢 </td> <td title="U+1B0A3: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-6">𛂣 </td> <td title="U+1B0A4: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-7">𛂤 </td> <td title="U+1B0A5: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-8">𛂥 </td> <td title="U+1B0A6: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-9">𛂦 </td> <td title="U+1B0A7: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-10">𛂧 </td> <td title="U+1B0A8: HENTAIGANA LETTER HA-11">𛂨 </td> <td title="U+1B0A9: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-1">𛂩 </td> <td title="U+1B0AA: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-2">𛂪 </td> <td title="U+1B0AB: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-3">𛂫 </td> <td title="U+1B0AC: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-4">𛂬 </td> <td title="U+1B0AD: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-5">𛂭 </td> <td title="U+1B0AE: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-6">𛂮 </td> <td title="U+1B0AF: HENTAIGANA LETTER HI-7">𛂯 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B0Bx </th> <td title="U+1B0B0: HENTAIGANA LETTER HU-1">𛂰 </td> <td title="U+1B0B1: HENTAIGANA LETTER HU-2">𛂱 </td> <td title="U+1B0B2: HENTAIGANA LETTER HU-3">𛂲 </td> <td title="U+1B0B3: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-1">𛂳 </td> <td title="U+1B0B4: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-2">𛂴 </td> <td title="U+1B0B5: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-3">𛂵 </td> <td title="U+1B0B6: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-4">𛂶 </td> <td title="U+1B0B7: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-5">𛂷 </td> <td title="U+1B0B8: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-6">𛂸 </td> <td title="U+1B0B9: HENTAIGANA LETTER HE-7">𛂹 </td> <td title="U+1B0BA: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-1">𛂺 </td> <td title="U+1B0BB: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-2">𛂻 </td> <td title="U+1B0BC: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-3">𛂼 </td> <td title="U+1B0BD: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-4">𛂽 </td> <td title="U+1B0BE: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-5">𛂾 </td> <td title="U+1B0BF: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-6">𛂿 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B0Cx </th> <td title="U+1B0C0: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-7">𛃀 </td> <td title="U+1B0C1: HENTAIGANA LETTER HO-8">𛃁 </td> <td title="U+1B0C2: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-1">𛃂 </td> <td title="U+1B0C3: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-2">𛃃 </td> <td title="U+1B0C4: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-3">𛃄 </td> <td title="U+1B0C5: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-4">𛃅 </td> <td title="U+1B0C6: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-5">𛃆 </td> <td title="U+1B0C7: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-6">𛃇 </td> <td title="U+1B0C8: HENTAIGANA LETTER MA-7">𛃈 </td> <td title="U+1B0C9: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-1">𛃉 </td> <td title="U+1B0CA: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-2">𛃊 </td> <td title="U+1B0CB: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-3">𛃋 </td> <td title="U+1B0CC: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-4">𛃌 </td> <td title="U+1B0CD: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-5">𛃍 </td> <td title="U+1B0CE: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-6">𛃎 </td> <td title="U+1B0CF: HENTAIGANA LETTER MI-7">𛃏 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B0Dx </th> <td title="U+1B0D0: HENTAIGANA LETTER MU-1">𛃐 </td> <td title="U+1B0D1: HENTAIGANA LETTER MU-2">𛃑 </td> <td title="U+1B0D2: HENTAIGANA LETTER MU-3">𛃒 </td> <td title="U+1B0D3: HENTAIGANA LETTER MU-4">𛃓 </td> <td title="U+1B0D4: HENTAIGANA LETTER ME-1">𛃔 </td> <td title="U+1B0D5: HENTAIGANA LETTER ME-2">𛃕 </td> <td title="U+1B0D6: HENTAIGANA LETTER ME-MA">𛃖 </td> <td title="U+1B0D7: HENTAIGANA LETTER MO-1">𛃗 </td> <td title="U+1B0D8: HENTAIGANA LETTER MO-2">𛃘 </td> <td title="U+1B0D9: HENTAIGANA LETTER MO-3">𛃙 </td> <td title="U+1B0DA: HENTAIGANA LETTER MO-4">𛃚 </td> <td title="U+1B0DB: HENTAIGANA LETTER MO-5">𛃛 </td> <td title="U+1B0DC: HENTAIGANA LETTER MO-6">𛃜 </td> <td title="U+1B0DD: HENTAIGANA LETTER YA-1">𛃝 </td> <td title="U+1B0DE: HENTAIGANA LETTER YA-2">𛃞 </td> <td title="U+1B0DF: HENTAIGANA LETTER YA-3">𛃟 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" lang="mul">U+1B0Ex </th> <td title="U+1B0E0: HENTAIGANA LETTER YA-4">𛃠 </td> <td title="U+1B0E1: HENTAIGANA LETTER YA-5">𛃡 </td> <td title="U+1B0E2: HENTAIGANA LETTER YA-YO">𛃢 </td> <td title="U+1B0E3: HENTAIGANA LETTER YU-1">𛃣 </td> <td title="U+1B0E4: HENTAIGANA LETTER YU-2">𛃤 </td> <td title="U+1B0E5: HENTAIGANA LETTER YU-3">𛃥 </td> <td title="U+1B0E6: HENTAIGANA LETTER YU-4">𛃦 </td> <td title="U+1B0E7: HENTAIGANA LETTER YO-1">𛃧 </td> <td title="U+1B0E8: HENTAIGANA LETTER YO-2">𛃨 </td> <td title="U+1B0E9: HENTAIGANA LETTER YO-3">𛃩 </td> <td title="U+1B0EA: HENTAIGANA LETTER YO-4">𛃪 </td> <td title="U+1B0EB: HENTAIGANA LETTER YO-5">𛃫 </td> <td title="U+1B0EC: HENTAIGANA LETTER YO-6">𛃬 </td> <td title="U+1B0ED: HENTAIGANA LETTER RA-1">𛃭 </td> <td title="U+1B0EE: HENTAIGANA LETTER RA-2">𛃮 </td> <td title="U+1B0EF: HENTAIGANA LETTER RA-3">𛃯 </td></tr> <tr> <th lang="mul">U+1B0Fx </th> <td title="U+1B0F0: HENTAIGANA LETTER RA-4">𛃰 </td> <td title="U+1B0F1: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-1">𛃱 </td> <td title="U+1B0F2: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-2">𛃲 </td> <td title="U+1B0F3: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-3">𛃳 </td> <td title="U+1B0F4: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-4">𛃴 </td> <td title="U+1B0F5: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-5">𛃵 </td> <td title="U+1B0F6: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-6">𛃶 </td> <td title="U+1B0F7: HENTAIGANA LETTER RI-7">𛃷 </td> <td title="U+1B0F8: HENTAIGANA LETTER RU-1">𛃸 </td> <td title="U+1B0F9: HENTAIGANA LETTER RU-2">𛃹 </td> <td title="U+1B0FA: HENTAIGANA LETTER RU-3">𛃺 </td> <td title="U+1B0FB: HENTAIGANA LETTER RU-4">𛃻 </td> <td title="U+1B0FC: HENTAIGANA LETTER RU-5">𛃼 </td> <td title="U+1B0FD: HENTAIGANA LETTER RU-6">𛃽 </td> <td title="U+1B0FE: HENTAIGANA LETTER RE-1">𛃾 </td> <td title="U+1B0FF: HENTAIGANA LETTER RE-2">𛃿 </td></tr> <tr lang="en"> <th colspan="17">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1B000_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </th></tr></tbody></table> The Unicode block for Small Kana Extension is U+1B130–U+1B16F: <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;font-family:sans-serif,'BabelStone Han','Nishiki-teki','FRBTaiwaneseKana';text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><a href="/wiki/Small_Kana_Extension" title="Small Kana Extension">Small Kana Extension</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1B130_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1B130_grey">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B130.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small" lang="mul">U+1B13x </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1B132: HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL KO">𛄲 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small" lang="mul">U+1B14x </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small" lang="mul">U+1B15x </td> <td title="U+1B150: HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL WI">𛅐 </td> <td title="U+1B151: HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL WE">𛅑 </td> <td title="U+1B152: HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL WO">𛅒 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1B155: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KO">𛅕 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small" lang="mul">U+1B16x </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1B164: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL WI">𛅤 </td> <td title="U+1B165: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL WE">𛅥 </td> <td title="U+1B166: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL WO">𛅦 </td> <td title="U+1B167: KATAKANA LETTER SMALL N">𛅧 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1B130_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1B130_grey">^</a> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> The Kana Extended-A Unicode block is U+1B100–1B12F. It contains <a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">hentaigana</a> (non-standard hiragana) and historic kana characters. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244009430">.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart tr:not([lang|=en]):not([lang|=mul]) td:not([lang|=en]):not([lang|=mul]){font-family:"IPAmjMincho","BabelStone Han","Hanazono Mincho A","HanaMinA",sans-serif}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart{border-collapse:collapse;background-color:#fff;color:var(--color-base,#202122);font-size:large;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart th{background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart tr:nth-child(2) th{width:20pt}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart tr:last-child th{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart .reserved{background-color:#CCCCCC}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#000)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart th{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#000)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart th{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}}</style> <table class="wikitable nounderlines UnicodeKanaExtendedAChart"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="17" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Kana_Extended-A" title="Kana Extended-A">Kana Extended-A</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1B100_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1B100_grey">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B100.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </th></tr> <tr lang="mul"> <th style="width:45pt"> </th> <th>0</th> <th>1</th> <th>2</th> <th>3</th> <th>4</th> <th>5</th> <th>6</th> <th>7</th> <th>8</th> <th>9</th> <th>A</th> <th>B</th> <th>C</th> <th>D</th> <th>E</th> <th>F </th></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <th lang="mul">U+1B10x </th> <td title="U+1B100: HENTAIGANA LETTER RE-3">𛄀 </td> <td title="U+1B101: HENTAIGANA LETTER RE-4">𛄁 </td> <td title="U+1B102: HENTAIGANA LETTER RO-1">𛄂 </td> <td title="U+1B103: HENTAIGANA LETTER RO-2">𛄃 </td> <td title="U+1B104: HENTAIGANA LETTER RO-3">𛄄 </td> <td title="U+1B105: HENTAIGANA LETTER RO-4">𛄅 </td> <td title="U+1B106: HENTAIGANA LETTER RO-5">𛄆 </td> <td title="U+1B107: HENTAIGANA LETTER RO-6">𛄇 </td> <td title="U+1B108: HENTAIGANA LETTER WA-1">𛄈 </td> <td title="U+1B109: HENTAIGANA LETTER WA-2">𛄉 </td> <td title="U+1B10A: HENTAIGANA LETTER WA-3">𛄊 </td> <td title="U+1B10B: HENTAIGANA LETTER WA-4">𛄋 </td> <td title="U+1B10C: HENTAIGANA LETTER WA-5">𛄌 </td> <td title="U+1B10D: HENTAIGANA LETTER WI-1">𛄍 </td> <td title="U+1B10E: HENTAIGANA LETTER WI-2">𛄎 </td> <td title="U+1B10F: HENTAIGANA LETTER WI-3">𛄏 </td></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <th lang="mul">U+1B11x </th> <td title="U+1B110: HENTAIGANA LETTER WI-4">𛄐 </td> <td title="U+1B111: HENTAIGANA LETTER WI-5">𛄑 </td> <td title="U+1B112: HENTAIGANA LETTER WE-1">𛄒 </td> <td title="U+1B113: HENTAIGANA LETTER WE-2">𛄓 </td> <td title="U+1B114: HENTAIGANA LETTER WE-3">𛄔 </td> <td title="U+1B115: HENTAIGANA LETTER WE-4">𛄕 </td> <td title="U+1B116: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-1">𛄖 </td> <td title="U+1B117: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-2">𛄗 </td> <td title="U+1B118: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-3">𛄘 </td> <td title="U+1B119: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-4">𛄙 </td> <td title="U+1B11A: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-5">𛄚 </td> <td title="U+1B11B: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-6">𛄛 </td> <td title="U+1B11C: HENTAIGANA LETTER WO-7">𛄜 </td> <td title="U+1B11D: HENTAIGANA LETTER N-MU-MO-1">𛄝 </td> <td title="U+1B11E: HENTAIGANA LETTER N-MU-MO-2">𛄞 </td> <td title="U+1B11F: HIRAGANA LETTER ARCHAIC WU">𛄟 </td></tr> <tr lang="ja"> <th lang="mul">U+1B12x </th> <td title="U+1B120: KATAKANA LETTER ARCHAIC YI">𛄠 </td> <td title="U+1B121: KATAKANA LETTER ARCHAIC YE">𛄡 </td> <td title="U+1B122: KATAKANA LETTER ARCHAIC WU">𛄢 </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td> <td title="Reserved" class="reserved"> </td></tr> <tr lang="en"> <th colspan="17">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1B100_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1B100_grey">^</a> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </th></tr></tbody></table> The Kana Extended-B Unicode block is U+1AFF0–1AFFF. It contains kana originally created by Japanese linguists to write <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese Hokkien</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_kana" title="Taiwanese kana">Taiwanese kana</a>. <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;font-family:sans-serif,'FRBTaiwaneseKana','Nishiki-teki';text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><a href="/wiki/Kana_Extended-B" title="Kana Extended-B">Kana Extended-B</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1AFF0_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U1AFF0_grey">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1AFF0.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1AFFx </td> <td title="U+1AFF0: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN TONE-2">𚿰 </td> <td title="U+1AFF1: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN TONE-3">𚿱 </td> <td title="U+1AFF2: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN TONE-4">𚿲 </td> <td title="U+1AFF3: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN TONE-5">𚿳 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1AFF5: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN TONE-7">𚿵 </td> <td title="U+1AFF6: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN TONE-8">𚿶 </td> <td title="U+1AFF7: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-1">𚿷 </td> <td title="U+1AFF8: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-2">𚿸 </td> <td title="U+1AFF9: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-3">𚿹 </td> <td title="U+1AFFA: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-4">𚿺 </td> <td title="U+1AFFB: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-5">𚿻 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1AFFD: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-7">𚿽 </td> <td title="U+1AFFE: KATAKANA LETTER MINNAN NASALIZED TONE-8">𚿾 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1AFF0_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U1AFF0_grey">^</a> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> The CJK Compatibility block contains in the range U+3330-3357 square versions of katakana words, usually measure units or abbreviations of loanwords: <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><a href="/wiki/CJK_Compatibility" title="CJK Compatibility">CJK Compatibility</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_U3300_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U3300.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+330x </td> <td title="U+3300: SQUARE APAATO"><a href="/wiki/Apartment" title="Apartment">㌀</a> </td> <td title="U+3301: SQUARE ARUHUA"><a href="/wiki/Alpha" title="Alpha">㌁</a> </td> <td title="U+3302: SQUARE ANPEA"><a href="/wiki/Ampere" title="Ampere">㌂</a> </td> <td title="U+3303: SQUARE AARU"><a href="/wiki/Are_(area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Are (area)">㌃</a> </td> <td title="U+3304: SQUARE ININGU"><a href="/wiki/Inning" title="Inning">㌄</a> </td> <td title="U+3305: SQUARE INTI"><a href="/wiki/Inch" title="Inch">㌅</a> </td> <td title="U+3306: SQUARE UON"><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_won" title="South Korean won">㌆</a> </td> <td title="U+3307: SQUARE ESUKUUDO"><a href="/wiki/Escudo" title="Escudo">㌇</a> </td> <td title="U+3308: SQUARE EEKAA"><a href="/wiki/Acre" title="Acre">㌈</a> </td> <td title="U+3309: SQUARE ONSU"><a href="/wiki/Ounce" title="Ounce">㌉</a> </td> <td title="U+330A: SQUARE OOMU"><a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">㌊</a> </td> <td title="U+330B: SQUARE KAIRI"><a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">㌋</a> </td> <td title="U+330C: SQUARE KARATTO"><a href="/wiki/Carat_(mass)" title="Carat (mass)">㌌</a> </td> <td title="U+330D: SQUARE KARORII"><a href="/wiki/Calorie" title="Calorie">㌍</a> </td> <td title="U+330E: SQUARE GARON"><a href="/wiki/Gallon" title="Gallon">㌎</a> </td> <td title="U+330F: SQUARE GANMA"><a href="/wiki/Gamma" title="Gamma">㌏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+331x </td> <td title="U+3310: SQUARE GIGA"><a href="/wiki/Giga-" title="Giga-">㌐</a> </td> <td title="U+3311: SQUARE GINII"><a href="/wiki/Guinea_(coin)" title="Guinea (coin)">㌑</a> </td> <td title="U+3312: SQUARE KYURII"><a href="/wiki/Curie_(unit)" title="Curie (unit)">㌒</a> </td> <td title="U+3313: SQUARE GIRUDAA"><a href="/wiki/Guilder" title="Guilder">㌓</a> </td> <td title="U+3314: SQUARE KIRO"><a href="/wiki/Kilo-" title="Kilo-">㌔</a> </td> <td title="U+3315: SQUARE KIROGURAMU"><a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">㌕</a> </td> <td title="U+3316: SQUARE KIROMEETORU"><a href="/wiki/Kilometre" title="Kilometre">㌖</a> </td> <td title="U+3317: SQUARE KIROWATTO"><a href="/wiki/KiloWatt" class="mw-redirect" title="KiloWatt">㌗</a> </td> <td title="U+3318: SQUARE GURAMU"><a href="/wiki/Gram" title="Gram">㌘</a> </td> <td title="U+3319: SQUARE GURAMUTON"><a href="/wiki/Metric_ton" class="mw-redirect" title="Metric ton">㌙</a> </td> <td title="U+331A: SQUARE KURUZEIRO"><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_cruzeiro" title="Brazilian cruzeiro">㌚</a> </td> <td title="U+331B: SQUARE KUROONE"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="㌛">㌛</a> </td> <td title="U+331C: SQUARE KEESU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="㌜">㌜</a> </td> <td title="U+331D: SQUARE KORUNA"><a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">㌝</a> </td> <td title="U+331E: SQUARE KOOPO"><a href="/wiki/Co-op" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-op">㌞</a> </td> <td title="U+331F: SQUARE SAIKURU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="㌟">㌟</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+332x </td> <td title="U+3320: SQUARE SANTIIMU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="㌠">㌠</a> </td> <td title="U+3321: SQUARE SIRINGU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="㌡">㌡</a> </td> <td title="U+3322: SQUARE SENTI"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="㌢">㌢</a> </td> <td title="U+3323: SQUARE SENTO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="㌣">㌣</a> </td> <td title="U+3324: SQUARE DAASU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="㌤">㌤</a> </td> <td title="U+3325: SQUARE DESI"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="㌥">㌥</a> </td> <td title="U+3326: SQUARE DORU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="㌦">㌦</a> </td> <td title="U+3327: SQUARE TON"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="㌧">㌧</a> </td> <td title="U+3328: SQUARE NANO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="㌨">㌨</a> </td> <td title="U+3329: SQUARE NOTTO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="㌩">㌩</a> </td> <td title="U+332A: SQUARE HAITU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="㌪">㌪</a> </td> <td title="U+332B: SQUARE PAASENTO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="㌫">㌫</a> </td> <td title="U+332C: SQUARE PAATU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="㌬">㌬</a> </td> <td title="U+332D: SQUARE BAARERU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="㌭">㌭</a> </td> <td title="U+332E: SQUARE PIASUTORU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="㌮">㌮</a> </td> <td title="U+332F: SQUARE PIKURU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="㌯">㌯</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+333x </td> <td title="U+3330: SQUARE PIKO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="㌰">㌰</a> </td> <td title="U+3331: SQUARE BIRU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="㌱">㌱</a> </td> <td title="U+3332: SQUARE HUARADDO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="㌲">㌲</a> </td> <td title="U+3333: SQUARE HUIITO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="㌳">㌳</a> </td> <td title="U+3334: SQUARE BUSSYERU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="㌴">㌴</a> </td> <td title="U+3335: SQUARE HURAN"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="㌵">㌵</a> </td> <td title="U+3336: SQUARE HEKUTAARU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="㌶">㌶</a> </td> <td title="U+3337: SQUARE PESO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="㌷">㌷</a> </td> <td title="U+3338: SQUARE PENIHI"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="㌸">㌸</a> </td> <td title="U+3339: SQUARE HERUTU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="㌹">㌹</a> </td> <td title="U+333A: SQUARE PENSU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="㌺">㌺</a> </td> <td title="U+333B: SQUARE PEEZI"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="㌻">㌻</a> </td> <td title="U+333C: SQUARE BEETA"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="㌼">㌼</a> </td> <td title="U+333D: SQUARE POINTO"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E3%8C%BD" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/㌽">㌽</a> </td> <td title="U+333E: SQUARE BORUTO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="㌾">㌾</a> </td> <td title="U+333F: SQUARE HON"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8C%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="㌿">㌿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+334x </td> <td title="U+3340: SQUARE PONDO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%80" title="㍀">㍀</a> </td> <td title="U+3341: SQUARE HOORU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%81" title="㍁">㍁</a> </td> <td title="U+3342: SQUARE HOON"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%82" class="mw-redirect" title="㍂">㍂</a> </td> <td title="U+3343: SQUARE MAIKURO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="㍃">㍃</a> </td> <td title="U+3344: SQUARE MAIRU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%84" class="mw-redirect" title="㍄">㍄</a> </td> <td title="U+3345: SQUARE MAHHA"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%85" class="mw-redirect" title="㍅">㍅</a> </td> <td title="U+3346: SQUARE MARUKU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%86" class="mw-redirect" title="㍆">㍆</a> </td> <td title="U+3347: SQUARE MANSYON"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%87" class="mw-redirect" title="㍇">㍇</a> </td> <td title="U+3348: SQUARE MIKURON"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%88" class="mw-redirect" title="㍈">㍈</a> </td> <td title="U+3349: SQUARE MIRI"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="㍉">㍉</a> </td> <td title="U+334A: SQUARE MIRIBAARU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="㍊">㍊</a> </td> <td title="U+334B: SQUARE MEGA"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="㍋">㍋</a> </td> <td title="U+334C: SQUARE MEGATON"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="㍌">㍌</a> </td> <td title="U+334D: SQUARE MEETORU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="㍍">㍍</a> </td> <td title="U+334E: SQUARE YAADO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="㍎">㍎</a> </td> <td title="U+334F: SQUARE YAARU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="㍏">㍏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+335x </td> <td title="U+3350: SQUARE YUAN"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%90" class="mw-redirect" title="㍐">㍐</a> </td> <td title="U+3351: SQUARE RITTORU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="㍑">㍑</a> </td> <td title="U+3352: SQUARE RIRA"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%92" class="mw-redirect" title="㍒">㍒</a> </td> <td title="U+3353: SQUARE RUPII"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%93" class="mw-redirect" title="㍓">㍓</a> </td> <td title="U+3354: SQUARE RUUBURU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%94" class="mw-redirect" title="㍔">㍔</a> </td> <td title="U+3355: SQUARE REMU"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%95" class="mw-redirect" title="㍕">㍕</a> </td> <td title="U+3356: SQUARE RENTOGEN"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%96" class="mw-redirect" title="㍖">㍖</a> </td> <td title="U+3357: SQUARE WATTO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="㍗">㍗</a> </td> <td title="U+3358: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR ZERO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="㍘">㍘</a> </td> <td title="U+3359: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR ONE">㍙ </td> <td title="U+335A: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWO">㍚ </td> <td title="U+335B: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR THREE">㍛ </td> <td title="U+335C: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR FOUR">㍜ </td> <td title="U+335D: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR FIVE">㍝ </td> <td title="U+335E: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR SIX">㍞ </td> <td title="U+335F: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR SEVEN">㍟ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+336x </td> <td title="U+3360: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR EIGHT">㍠ </td> <td title="U+3361: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR NINE">㍡ </td> <td title="U+3362: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TEN">㍢ </td> <td title="U+3363: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR ELEVEN">㍣ </td> <td title="U+3364: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWELVE">㍤ </td> <td title="U+3365: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR THIRTEEN">㍥ </td> <td title="U+3366: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR FOURTEEN">㍦ </td> <td title="U+3367: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR FIFTEEN">㍧ </td> <td title="U+3368: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR SIXTEEN">㍨ </td> <td title="U+3369: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR SEVENTEEN">㍩ </td> <td title="U+336A: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR EIGHTEEN">㍪ </td> <td title="U+336B: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR NINETEEN">㍫ </td> <td title="U+336C: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWENTY">㍬ </td> <td title="U+336D: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWENTY-ONE">㍭ </td> <td title="U+336E: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWENTY-TWO">㍮ </td> <td title="U+336F: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWENTY-THREE">㍯ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+337x </td> <td title="U+3370: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR HOUR TWENTY-FOUR"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="㍰">㍰</a> </td> <td title="U+3371: SQUARE HPA"><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)#Multiples_and_submultiples" title="Pascal (unit)">㍱</a> </td> <td title="U+3372: SQUARE DA"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="㍲">㍲</a> </td> <td title="U+3373: SQUARE AU"><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">㍳</a> </td> <td title="U+3374: SQUARE BAR"><a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">㍴</a> </td> <td title="U+3375: SQUARE OV"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="㍵">㍵</a> </td> <td title="U+3376: SQUARE PC"><a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">㍶</a> </td> <td title="U+3377: SQUARE DM"><a href="/wiki/Decimetre" title="Decimetre">㍷</a> </td> <td title="U+3378: SQUARE DM SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Square_metre#SI_prefixes_applied" title="Square metre">㍸</a> </td> <td title="U+3379: SQUARE DM CUBED"><a href="/wiki/Cubic_metre#Submultiples" title="Cubic metre">㍹</a> </td> <td title="U+337A: SQUARE IU"><a href="/wiki/International_unit" title="International unit">㍺</a> </td> <td title="U+337B: SQUARE ERA NAME HEISEI"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%88%90" class="mw-redirect" title="平成">㍻</a> </td> <td title="U+337C: SQUARE ERA NAME SYOUWA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E5%92%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="昭和">㍼</a> </td> <td title="U+337D: SQUARE ERA NAME TAISYOU"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%AD%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="大正">㍽</a> </td> <td title="U+337E: SQUARE ERA NAME MEIZI"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">㍾</a> </td> <td title="U+337F: SQUARE CORPORATION"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%AA%E5%BC%8F%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="株式会社">㍿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+338x </td> <td title="U+3380: SQUARE PA AMPS"><a href="/wiki/Ampere#SI_prefixes" title="Ampere">㎀</a> </td> <td title="U+3381: SQUARE NA"><a href="/wiki/Ampere#SI_prefixes" title="Ampere">㎁</a> </td> <td title="U+3382: SQUARE MU A"><a href="/wiki/Ampere#SI_prefixes" title="Ampere">㎂</a> </td> <td title="U+3383: SQUARE MA"><a href="/wiki/Ampere#SI_prefixes" title="Ampere">㎃</a> </td> <td title="U+3384: SQUARE KA"><a href="/wiki/Ampere#SI_prefixes" title="Ampere">㎄</a> </td> <td title="U+3385: SQUARE KB"><a href="/wiki/Kilobyte" title="Kilobyte">㎅</a> </td> <td title="U+3386: SQUARE MB"><a href="/wiki/Megabyte" title="Megabyte">㎆</a> </td> <td title="U+3387: SQUARE GB"><a href="/wiki/Gigabyte" title="Gigabyte">㎇</a> </td> <td title="U+3388: SQUARE CAL"><a href="/wiki/Calorie" title="Calorie">㎈</a> </td> <td title="U+3389: SQUARE KCAL"><a href="/wiki/Kilocalorie" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilocalorie">㎉</a> </td> <td title="U+338A: SQUARE PF"><a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">㎊</a> </td> <td title="U+338B: SQUARE NF"><a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">㎋</a> </td> <td title="U+338C: SQUARE MU F"><a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">㎌</a> </td> <td title="U+338D: SQUARE MU G"><a href="/wiki/Microgram" title="Microgram">㎍</a> </td> <td title="U+338E: SQUARE MG"><a href="/wiki/Milligram" class="mw-redirect" title="Milligram">㎎</a> </td> <td title="U+338F: SQUARE KG"><a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">㎏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+339x </td> <td title="U+3390: SQUARE HZ"><a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">㎐</a> </td> <td title="U+3391: SQUARE KHZ"><a href="/wiki/Hertz#SI_multiples" title="Hertz">㎑</a> </td> <td title="U+3392: SQUARE MHZ"><a href="/wiki/Hertz#SI_multiples" title="Hertz">㎒</a> </td> <td title="U+3393: SQUARE GHZ"><a href="/wiki/Hertz#SI_multiples" title="Hertz">㎓</a> </td> <td title="U+3394: SQUARE THZ"><a href="/wiki/Hertz#SI_multiples" title="Hertz">㎔</a> </td> <td title="U+3395: SQUARE MU L"><a href="/wiki/Litre#SI_prefixes_applied_to_the_litre" title="Litre">㎕</a> </td> <td title="U+3396: SQUARE ML"><a href="/wiki/Litre#SI_prefixes_applied_to_the_litre" title="Litre">㎖</a> </td> <td title="U+3397: SQUARE DL"><a href="/wiki/Litre#SI_prefixes_applied_to_the_litre" title="Litre">㎗</a> </td> <td title="U+3398: SQUARE KL"><a href="/wiki/Litre#SI_prefixes_applied_to_the_litre" title="Litre">㎘</a> </td> <td title="U+3399: SQUARE FM"><a href="/wiki/Femtometre" title="Femtometre">㎙</a> </td> <td title="U+339A: SQUARE NM"><a href="/wiki/Nanometre" title="Nanometre">㎚</a> </td> <td title="U+339B: SQUARE MU M"><a href="/wiki/Micrometre" title="Micrometre">㎛</a> </td> <td title="U+339C: SQUARE MM"><a href="/wiki/Millimetre" title="Millimetre">㎜</a> </td> <td title="U+339D: SQUARE CM"><a href="/wiki/Centimetre" title="Centimetre">㎝</a> </td> <td title="U+339E: SQUARE KM"><a href="/wiki/Kilometre" title="Kilometre">㎞</a> </td> <td title="U+339F: SQUARE MM SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Square_metre#SI_prefixes_applied" title="Square metre">㎟</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+33Ax </td> <td title="U+33A0: SQUARE CM SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Square_metre#SI_prefixes_applied" title="Square metre">㎠</a> </td> <td title="U+33A1: SQUARE M SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Square_metre" title="Square metre">㎡</a> </td> <td title="U+33A2: SQUARE KM SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Square_metre#SI_prefixes_applied" title="Square metre">㎢</a> </td> <td title="U+33A3: SQUARE MM CUBED"><a href="/wiki/Cubic_metre#Submultiples" title="Cubic metre">㎣</a> </td> <td title="U+33A4: SQUARE CM CUBED"><a href="/wiki/Cubic_metre#Submultiples" title="Cubic metre">㎤</a> </td> <td title="U+33A5: SQUARE M CUBED"><a href="/wiki/Cubic_metre" title="Cubic metre">㎥</a> </td> <td title="U+33A6: SQUARE KM CUBED"><a href="/wiki/Cubic_metre#Multiples" title="Cubic metre">㎦</a> </td> <td title="U+33A7: SQUARE M OVER S"><a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second" title="Metre per second">㎧</a> </td> <td title="U+33A8: SQUARE M OVER S SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second_squared" title="Metre per second squared">㎨</a> </td> <td title="U+33A9: SQUARE PA"><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">㎩</a> </td> <td title="U+33AA: SQUARE KPA"><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)#Multiples_and_submultiples" title="Pascal (unit)">㎪</a> </td> <td title="U+33AB: SQUARE MPA"><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)#Multiples_and_submultiples" title="Pascal (unit)">㎫</a> </td> <td title="U+33AC: SQUARE GPA"><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)#Multiples_and_submultiples" title="Pascal (unit)">㎬</a> </td> <td title="U+33AD: SQUARE RAD"><a href="/wiki/Radian" title="Radian">㎭</a> </td> <td title="U+33AE: SQUARE RAD OVER S"><a href="/wiki/Radian_per_second" title="Radian per second">㎮</a> </td> <td title="U+33AF: SQUARE RAD OVER S SQUARED"><a href="/wiki/Angular_acceleration" title="Angular acceleration">㎯</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+33Bx </td> <td title="U+33B0: SQUARE PS"><a href="/wiki/Picosecond" title="Picosecond">㎰</a> </td> <td title="U+33B1: SQUARE NS"><a href="/wiki/Nanosecond" title="Nanosecond">㎱</a> </td> <td title="U+33B2: SQUARE MU S"><a href="/wiki/Microsecond" title="Microsecond">㎲</a> </td> <td title="U+33B3: SQUARE MS"><a href="/wiki/Millisecond" title="Millisecond">㎳</a> </td> <td title="U+33B4: SQUARE PV"><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">㎴</a> </td> <td title="U+33B5: SQUARE NV"><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">㎵</a> </td> <td title="U+33B6: SQUARE MU V"><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">㎶</a> </td> <td title="U+33B7: SQUARE MV"><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">㎷</a> </td> <td title="U+33B8: SQUARE KV"><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">㎸</a> </td> <td title="U+33B9: SQUARE MV MEGA"><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">㎹</a> </td> <td title="U+33BA: SQUARE PW"><a href="/wiki/Watt#Picowatt" title="Watt">㎺</a> </td> <td title="U+33BB: SQUARE NW"><a href="/wiki/Watt#Nanowatt" title="Watt">㎻</a> </td> <td title="U+33BC: SQUARE MU W"><a href="/wiki/Watt#Microwatt" title="Watt">㎼</a> </td> <td title="U+33BD: SQUARE MW"><a href="/wiki/Watt#Milliwatt" title="Watt">㎽</a> </td> <td title="U+33BE: SQUARE KW"><a href="/wiki/Watt#Kilowatt" title="Watt">㎾</a> </td> <td title="U+33BF: SQUARE MW MEGA"><a href="/wiki/Watt#Megawatt" title="Watt">㎿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+33Cx </td> <td title="U+33C0: SQUARE K OHM"><a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">㏀</a> </td> <td title="U+33C1: SQUARE M OHM"><a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">㏁</a> </td> <td title="U+33C2: SQUARE AM"><a href="/wiki/12-hour_clock" title="12-hour clock">㏂</a> </td> <td title="U+33C3: SQUARE BQ"><a href="/wiki/Becquerel" title="Becquerel">㏃</a> </td> <td title="U+33C4: SQUARE CC"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%84" class="mw-redirect" title="㏄">㏄</a> </td> <td title="U+33C5: SQUARE CD"><a href="/wiki/Candela" title="Candela">㏅</a> </td> <td title="U+33C6: SQUARE C OVER KG"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%86" class="mw-redirect" title="㏆">㏆</a> </td> <td title="U+33C7: SQUARE CO"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%87" class="mw-redirect" title="㏇">㏇</a> </td> <td title="U+33C8: SQUARE DB"><a href="/wiki/Decibel" title="Decibel">㏈</a> </td> <td title="U+33C9: SQUARE GY"><a href="/wiki/Gray_(unit)" title="Gray (unit)">㏉</a> </td> <td title="U+33CA: SQUARE HA"><a href="/wiki/Hectare" title="Hectare">㏊</a> </td> <td title="U+33CB: SQUARE HP"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="㏋">㏋</a> </td> <td title="U+33CC: SQUARE IN"><a href="/wiki/Inch" title="Inch">㏌</a> </td> <td title="U+33CD: SQUARE KK"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="㏍">㏍</a> </td> <td title="U+33CE: SQUARE KM CAPITAL"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%8F%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="㏎ (page does not exist)">㏎</a> </td> <td title="U+33CF: SQUARE KT"><a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">㏏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+33Dx </td> <td title="U+33D0: SQUARE LM"><a href="/wiki/Lumen_(unit)" title="Lumen (unit)">㏐</a> </td> <td title="U+33D1: SQUARE LN"><a href="/wiki/Natural_logarithm" title="Natural logarithm">㏑</a> </td> <td title="U+33D2: SQUARE LOG"><a href="/wiki/Logarithm" title="Logarithm">㏒</a> </td> <td title="U+33D3: SQUARE LX"><a href="/wiki/Lux" title="Lux">㏓</a> </td> <td title="U+33D4: SQUARE MB SMALL"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%94" class="mw-redirect" title="㏔">㏔</a> </td> <td title="U+33D5: SQUARE MIL"><a href="/wiki/Mil_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Mil (disambiguation)">㏕</a> </td> <td title="U+33D6: SQUARE MOL"><a href="/wiki/Mole_(unit)" title="Mole (unit)">㏖</a> </td> <td title="U+33D7: SQUARE PH"><a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">㏗</a> </td> <td title="U+33D8: SQUARE PM"><a href="/wiki/12-hour_clock" title="12-hour clock">㏘</a> </td> <td title="U+33D9: SQUARE PPM"><a href="/wiki/Parts_per_million" class="mw-redirect" title="Parts per million">㏙</a> </td> <td title="U+33DA: SQUARE PR"><a href="/wiki/%E3%8F%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="㏚">㏚</a> </td> <td title="U+33DB: SQUARE SR"><a href="/wiki/Steradian" title="Steradian">㏛</a> </td> <td title="U+33DC: SQUARE SV"><a href="/wiki/Sievert" title="Sievert">㏜</a> </td> <td title="U+33DD: SQUARE WB"><a href="/wiki/Weber_(unit)" title="Weber (unit)">㏝</a> </td> <td title="U+33DE: SQUARE V OVER M"><a href="/wiki/Electric_field" title="Electric field">㏞</a> </td> <td title="U+33DF: SQUARE A OVER M"><a href="/wiki/Ampere_per_metre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampere per metre">㏟</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+33Ex </td> <td title="U+33E0: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY ONE">㏠ </td> <td title="U+33E1: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWO">㏡ </td> <td title="U+33E2: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY THREE">㏢ </td> <td title="U+33E3: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY FOUR">㏣ </td> <td title="U+33E4: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY FIVE">㏤ </td> <td title="U+33E5: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY SIX">㏥ </td> <td title="U+33E6: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY SEVEN">㏦ </td> <td title="U+33E7: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY EIGHT">㏧ </td> <td title="U+33E8: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY NINE">㏨ </td> <td title="U+33E9: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TEN">㏩ </td> <td title="U+33EA: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY ELEVEN">㏪ </td> <td title="U+33EB: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWELVE">㏫ </td> <td title="U+33EC: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY THIRTEEN">㏬ </td> <td title="U+33ED: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY FOURTEEN">㏭ </td> <td title="U+33EE: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY FIFTEEN">㏮ </td> <td title="U+33EF: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY SIXTEEN">㏯ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+33Fx </td> <td title="U+33F0: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY SEVENTEEN">㏰ </td> <td title="U+33F1: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY EIGHTEEN">㏱ </td> <td title="U+33F2: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY NINETEEN">㏲ </td> <td title="U+33F3: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY">㏳ </td> <td title="U+33F4: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-ONE">㏴ </td> <td title="U+33F5: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-TWO">㏵ </td> <td title="U+33F6: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-THREE">㏶ </td> <td title="U+33F7: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-FOUR">㏷ </td> <td title="U+33F8: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-FIVE">㏸ </td> <td title="U+33F9: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-SIX">㏹ </td> <td title="U+33FA: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-SEVEN">㏺ </td> <td title="U+33FB: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-EIGHT">㏻ </td> <td title="U+33FC: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY TWENTY-NINE">㏼ </td> <td title="U+33FD: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY THIRTY">㏽ </td> <td title="U+33FE: IDEOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH SYMBOL FOR DAY THIRTY-ONE">㏾ </td> <td title="U+33FF: SQUARE GAL"><a href="/wiki/Gallon" title="Gallon">㏿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left">Notes <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_U3300_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> Katakana in other Unicode blocks: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">Dakuten</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">handakuten</a> diacritics are located in the <a href="/wiki/Hiragana_(Unicode_block)" title="Hiragana (Unicode block)">Hiragana block</a>: <ul><li>U+3099 COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA VOICED SOUND MARK (non-spacing dakuten): ゙</li> <li>U+309A COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK (non-spacing handakuten): ゚</li> <li>U+309B KATAKANA-HIRAGANA VOICED SOUND MARK (spacing dakuten): ゛</li> <li>U+309C KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK (spacing handakuten): ゜</li></ul></li> <li>Two katakana-based <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">emoji</a> are in the <a href="/wiki/Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement" title="Enclosed Ideographic Supplement">Enclosed Ideographic Supplement block</a>: <ul><li>U+1F201 SQUARED KATAKANA KOKO ('here' sign): 🈁</li> <li>U+1F202 SQUARED KATAKANA SA ('service' sign): 🈂</li></ul></li> <li>A katakana-based Japanese TV symbol from the <a href="/wiki/ARIB_STD-B24" class="mw-redirect" title="ARIB STD-B24">ARIB STD-B24</a> standard is in the <a href="/wiki/Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement" title="Enclosed Ideographic Supplement">Enclosed Ideographic Supplement block</a>: <ul><li>U+1F213 SQUARED KATAKANA DE ('data broadcasting service linked with a main program' symbol): 🈓</li></ul></li></ul> Furthermore, as of Unicode 16.0, the following combinatory sequences have been explicitly named, despite having no precomposed symbols in the katakana block. Font designers may want to optimize the display of these composed glyphs. Some of them are mostly used for writing the <a href="/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainu language</a>, the others are called <a href="/wiki/Dakuten#Phonetic_shifts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakuten">bidakuon</a> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3" class="extiw" title="ja:鼻濁音">ja</a>] in Japanese. Other, arbitrary combinations with U+309A handakuten are also possible. <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">Katakana named sequences <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NamedSequences.txt">Unicode Named Character Sequences Database</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"> <td>Sequence name</td> <td colspan="2" style="width:20pt">Codepoints</td> <td style="width:20pt">Glyph </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGA</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30AB</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>カ゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGI</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30AD</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>キ゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGU</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30AF</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>ク゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGE</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30B1</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>ケ゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGO</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30B3</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>コ゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER AINU CE</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30BB</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>セ゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER AINU TU</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30C4</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>ツ゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER AINU TO</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+30C8</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>ト゚ </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;font-size:small;">KATAKANA LETTER AINU P</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+31F7</td> <td style="font-size:small;">U+309A</td> <td>ㇷ゚ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_phonology" title="Japanese phonology">Japanese phonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_kana_usage" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical kana usage">Historical kana usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romaji" class="mw-redirect" title="Romaji">Rōmaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gugyeol" title="Gugyeol">Gugyeol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Ddaiji_Fujumonk%C5%8D" title="Tōdaiji Fujumonkō">Tōdaiji Fujumonkō</a>, oldest example of kanji text with katakana annotations</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Beschrijving_van_Japan_-_ABC_(cropped).jpg" title="File:Beschrijving van Japan - ABC (cropped).jpg">File:Beschrijving van Japan - ABC (cropped).jpg</a> for the kana as described by <a href="/wiki/Engelbert_Kaempfer" title="Engelbert Kaempfer">Engelbert Kaempfer</a> in 1727</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcAuley2001" class="citation book cs1">McAuley, Thomas E. (2001). Language change in East Asia. Routledge. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0700713778" title="Special:BookSources/0700713778"><bdi>0700713778</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Language+change+in+East+Asia&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0700713778&rft.aulast=McAuley&rft.aufirst=Thomas+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Roy Andrew Miller (1966) A Japanese Reader: Graded Lessons in the Modern Language, Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo, Japan, p. 28, Lesson 7: Katakana: a—no. "Side by side with hiragana, modern Japanese writing makes use of another complete set of similar symbols called the katakana." </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sljfaq.org/afaq/originofkana.html#:~:text=The%20katakana%20are%20based%20on%20parts%20of%20kanji.,form%20of%20writing%20date%20to%20around%20951%20AD.">"How did katakana and hiragana originate?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+did+katakana+and+hiragana+originate%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sljfaq.org%2Fafaq%2Foriginofkana.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520katakana%2520are%2520based%2520on%2520parts%2520of%2520kanji.%2Cform%2520of%2520writing%2520date%2520to%2520around%2520951%2520AD.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-5">f</a> See <a href="#Obsolete_kana">obsolete kana</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Contemporary_Japanese'_1993,_page_29_5-2">c</a> "The Japanese Writing System (2) Katakana", p. 29 in Yookoso! An Invitation to Contemporary Japanese. McGraw-Hill, 1993, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0070722935" title="Special:BookSources/0070722935">0070722935</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanesewordswriting.com/">"Hiragana, Katakana & Kanji"</a>. Japanese Word Characters. 8 September 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hiragana%2C+Katakana+%26+Kanji&rft.pub=Japanese+Word+Characters&rft.date=2010-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanesewordswriting.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-japan2-7"><a href="#cite_ref-japan2_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117124916/http://www.meijiyasuda.co.jp/profile/release/2008/pdf/20080924.pdf">"明治安田生命全国同姓調査 [Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company – National same family name investigation]"</a> (PDF) (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Yasuda_Life" title="Meiji Yasuda Life">Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company</a>. 24 September 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meijiyasuda.co.jp/profile/release/2008/pdf/20080924.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%89%E7%94%B0%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD+%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8C%E5%A7%93%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%BB+%5BMeiji+Yasuda+Life+Insurance+Company+%E2%80%93+National+same+family+name+investigation%5D&rft.pub=Meiji+Yasuda+Life+Insurance+Company&rft.date=2008-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meijiyasuda.co.jp%2Fprofile%2Frelease%2F2008%2Fpdf%2F20080924.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTackett" class="citation web cs1">Tackett, Rachel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150910082557/http://en.rocketnews24.com/2013/09/19/why-old-japanese-women-have-names-in-katakana/">"Why old Japanese women have names in katakana"</a>. RocketNews24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.rocketnews24.com/2013/09/19/why-old-japanese-women-have-names-in-katakana/">the original</a> on 10 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RocketNews24&rft.atitle=Why+old+Japanese+women+have+names+in+katakana&rft.aulast=Tackett&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rocketnews24.com%2F2013%2F09%2F19%2Fwhy-old-japanese-women-have-names-in-katakana%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> Mutsuko Endo Simon (1984) Section 3.3 "Katakana", p. 36 in A Practical Guide for Teachers of Elementary Japanese, Center for Japanese Studies, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0939512165" title="Special:BookSources/0939512165">0939512165</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Simon, p. 36 </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070318020645/http://www.joyo96.org/96K/Lesson_1.html">Reading Japanese, Lesson 1</a>. joyo96.org </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabinet_of_Japan" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Japan" title="Cabinet of Japan">Cabinet of Japan</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190106125953/http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/nc/k19910628002/k19910628002.html">"平成3年6月28日内閣告示第2号:外来語の表記"</a> [Japanese cabinet order No.2 (28 June 1991):The notation of loanword]. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology" title="Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology">Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/nc/k19910628002/k19910628002.html">the original</a> on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%B9%B3%E6%88%903%E5%B9%B46%E6%9C%8828%E6%97%A5%E5%86%85%E9%96%A3%E5%91%8A%E7%A4%BA%E7%AC%AC2%E5%8F%B7%3A%E5%A4%96%E6%9D%A5%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E8%A1%A8%E8%A8%98&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education%2C+Culture%2C+Sports%2C+Science+and+Technology&rft.au=Cabinet+of+Japan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mext.go.jp%2Fb_menu%2Fhakusho%2Fnc%2Fk19910628002%2Fk19910628002.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ansi-18"><a href="#cite_ref-ansi_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ab.cyberhome.ne.jp/~kaizu/roomazi/doc/ansiz3911.html">"米国規格(ANSI Z39.11-1972)―要約"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~lf4a-okjm/genkan21.htm">the original</a> on 6 October 2001. Retrieved 25 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%98%AD%E5%92%8C21%E5%B9%B4%E5%86%85%E9%96%A3%E5%91%8A%E7%A4%BA%E7%AC%AC33%E5%8F%B7+%E3%80%8C%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E3%81%8B%E3%81%AA%E3%81%A5%E3%81%8B%E3%81%84%E3%80%8D&rft.date=1946-11-16&rft.au=Cabinet+of+Japan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi-net.or.jp%2F~lf4a-okjm%2Fgenkan21.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-usage1986-29"><a href="#cite_ref-usage1986_29-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabinet_of_Japan1986" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Japan" title="Cabinet of Japan">Cabinet of Japan</a> (1 July 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110524004651/http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/nc/t19860701002/t19860701002.html"><bdi lang="ja">昭和61年内閣告示第1号「現代仮名遣い」</bdi></a> [Japanese Cabinet Order No.1 in 1986 – Modern kana usage] (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology" title="Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology">Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology</a>. 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Omniglot.com </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAiyar2018" class="citation news cs1">Aiyar, Pallavi (9 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/the-indian-who-docked-at-osaka/article24112221.ece">"The oldest recorded Indian in Japan impacts the country's culture even today"</a>. The Hindu. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. Retrieved 18 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=The+oldest+recorded+Indian+in+Japan+impacts+the+country%27s+culture+even+today&rft.date=2018-06-09&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft.aulast=Aiyar&rft.aufirst=Pallavi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fsociety%2Fhistory-and-culture%2Fthe-indian-who-docked-at-osaka%2Farticle24112221.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140920153028/https://sites.google.com/site/sanskrtavak/home/resources/sa-ja">"The Influence of Sanskrit on the Japanese Sound System – संस्कृता वाक्"</a>. sites.google.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/sanskrtavak/home/resources/sa-ja">the original</a> on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sites.google.com&rft.atitle=The+Influence+of+Sanskrit+on+the+Japanese+Sound+System+%E2%80%93+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fsite%2Fsanskrtavak%2Fhome%2Fresources%2Fsa-ja&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/810323/6">『小学略則教授法』</a>「五十音図」 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTranter2012" class="citation book cs1">Tranter, Nicolas (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I7PTXPq_nSAC&pg=PA218">The Languages of Japan and Korea</a>. Routledge. p. 218. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-46287-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-46287-7"><bdi>978-0-415-46287-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Languages+of+Japan+and+Korea&rft.pages=218&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-415-46287-7&rft.aulast=Tranter&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI7PTXPq_nSAC%26pg%3DPA218&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKatakana" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="extiw" title="commons:Katakana">Katakana</a> (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Katakana" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Katakana">category</a>)</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/katakana" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:katakana">katakana</a> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn-scripts.github.io/katakana.html">Katakana study tool</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U30A0.pdf">Katakana Unicode chart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119075907/http://japanese-dict.com/">Japanese dictionary with Katakana, Hiragana and Kanji on-screen keyboards</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Japanese_language" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_language" title="Template:Japanese language"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_language" title="Template talk:Japanese language"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_language" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese language"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Japanese_language" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese language</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Earlier forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Japanese" title="Old Japanese">Old</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Japanese" title="Early Middle Japanese">Early Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Middle_Japanese" title="Late Middle Japanese">Late Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_Japanese" title="Early Modern Japanese">Early Modern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_dialects" title="Japanese dialects">Dialects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_dialects" title="Japanese dialects">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_dialects" title="Hokkaido dialects">Hokkaidō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dhoku_dialect" title="Tōhoku dialect">Tōhoku</a> <ul><li>Northern <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanbu_dialect" title="Nanbu dialect">Nanbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsugaru_dialect" title="Tsugaru dialect">Tsugaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akita_dialect" title="Akita dialect">Akita</a></li></ul></li> <li>Southern <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kesen_dialect" title="Kesen dialect">Kesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nairiku_dialect" title="Nairiku dialect">Nairiku</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kant%C5%8D_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Kantō dialect">Kantō</a> <ul><li>Western <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunma_dialect" title="Gunma dialect">Gunma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_dialect" title="Kanagawa dialect">Kanagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_dialect" title="Tokyo dialect">Tokyo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Eastern <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki_dialect" title="Ibaraki dialect">Ibaraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tochigi_dialect" title="Tochigi dialect">Tochigi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Izu_Archipelago_dialects" title="Northern Izu Archipelago dialects">Northern Izu Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dkai%E2%80%93T%C5%8Dsan_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Tōkai–Tōsan dialect">Tōkai–Tōsan</a> <ul><li>Nagano-Yamanashi-Shizuoka <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_dialect" title="Shizuoka dialect">Shizuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narada_dialect" title="Narada dialect">Narada</a></li></ul></li> <li>Echigo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nagaoka_dialect" title="Nagaoka dialect">Nagaoka</a></li></ul></li> <li>Gifu-Aichi <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya_dialect" title="Nagoya dialect">Nagoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikawa_dialect" title="Mikawa dialect">Mikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mino_dialect" title="Mino dialect">Mino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hida_dialect" title="Hida dialect">Hida</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_dialects" title="Japanese dialects">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hokuriku_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokuriku dialect">Hokuriku</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaga_dialect" title="Kaga dialect">Kaga</a> <ul><li>Kanazawa</li> <li>Shiramine</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansai_dialect" title="Kansai dialect">Kansai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awaji_dialect" title="Awaji dialect">Awaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bansh%C5%AB_dialect" title="Banshū dialect">Banshū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kish%C5%AB_dialect" title="Kishū dialect">Kishū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okuyoshino_dialect" title="Okuyoshino dialect">Okuyoshino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikoku_dialect" title="Shikoku dialect">Shikoku</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iyo_dialect" title="Iyo dialect">Iyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosa_dialect" title="Tosa dialect">Tosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanuki_dialect" title="Sanuki dialect">Sanuki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABgoku_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Chūgoku dialect">Chūgoku</a> <ul><li>San'yō <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bingo_dialect" title="Bingo dialect">Bingo</a></li></ul></li> <li>East San'in <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insh%C5%AB_dialect" title="Inshū dialect">Inshū</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umpaku_dialect" title="Umpaku dialect">Umpaku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_dialects" title="Japanese dialects">Kyūshū</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dnichi_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Hōnichi dialect">Hōnichi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_dialect" title="Ōita dialect">Ōita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hichiku_dialect" title="Hichiku dialect">Hichiku</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chikuzen_dialect" title="Chikuzen dialect">Chikuzen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakata_dialect" title="Hakata dialect">Hakata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_dialect" title="Kumamoto dialect">Kumamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki_dialect" title="Nagasaki dialect">Nagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_dialect" title="Saga dialect">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsushima_dialect" title="Tsushima dialect">Tsushima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_dialect" title="Kagoshima dialect">Satsugū</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amami_Japanese" title="Amami Japanese">Amami Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_Japanese" title="Okinawan Japanese">Okinawan Japanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese-based_creole_languages" title="Japanese-based creole languages">Pidgins and creoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_English" title="Bamboo English">Bamboo English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonin_English" title="Bonin English">Bonin English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_loanwords_in_Hawaii" title="Japanese loanwords in Hawaii">Hawaiian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyowa-go" title="Kyowa-go">Kyowa-go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Chinese" title="Pseudo-Chinese">Pseudo-Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yilan_Creole_Japanese" title="Yilan Creole Japanese">Yilan Creole Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama_Pidgin_Japanese" title="Yokohama Pidgin Japanese">Yokohama Pidgin Japanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japonic_languages" title="Japonic languages">Japonic languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Old_Japanese" title="Eastern Old Japanese">Eastern Old Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachij%C5%8D_language" title="Hachijō language">Hachijō</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hachij%C5%8D_grammar" title="Hachijō grammar">grammar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_languages" title="Ryukyuan languages">Ryukyuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ryukyuan_languages" title="Northern Ryukyuan languages">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amami_%C5%8Cshima_language" title="Amami Ōshima language">Amami Ōshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Amami_%C5%8Cshima_language" title="Southern Amami Ōshima language">Southern Amami Ōshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikai_language" title="Kikai language">Kikai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunigami_language" title="Kunigami language">Kunigami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_language" title="Okinawan language">Okinawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinoerabu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinoerabu language">Okinoerabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokunoshima_language" title="Tokunoshima language">Tokunoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoron_language" title="Yoron language">Yoron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ryukyuan_languages" title="Southern Ryukyuan languages">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miyakoan_language" title="Miyakoan language">Miyako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarama_language" title="Tarama language">Tarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaeyama_language" title="Yaeyama language">Yaeyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yonaguni_language" title="Yonaguni language">Yonaguni</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_writing_system" title="Japanese writing system">Writing system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logograms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_script_reform" title="Japanese script reform">Script reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanbun" title="Kanbun">Kanbun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kanji_by_stroke_count" class="mw-redirect" title="List of kanji by stroke count">by stroke count</a></li></ul></li> <li>Kanji radicals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kanji_radicals_by_frequency" title="List of kanji radicals by frequency">by frequency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kanji_radicals_by_stroke_count" title="List of kanji radicals by stroke count">by stroke count</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokuji" title="Kokuji">Kokuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryakuji" title="Ryakuji">Ryakuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ateji" title="Ateji">Ateji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">Kana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furigana" title="Furigana">Furigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okurigana" title="Okurigana">Okurigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goj%C5%ABon" title="Gojūon">Gojūon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">Hentaigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dgana" title="Sōgana">Sōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana_ligature" title="Kana ligature">Kana ligature</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Orthography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Braille" title="Japanese Braille">Braille</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille_kanji" title="Braille kanji">Kanji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_punctuation" title="Japanese punctuation">Punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanazukai" title="Kanazukai">Kanazukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_kana_orthography" title="Historical kana orthography">Historical kana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_kana_usage" title="Modern kana usage">Modern kana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Ddai_Tokushu_Kanazukai" title="Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai">Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yotsugana" title="Yotsugana">Yotsugana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcription_into_Japanese" title="Transcription into Japanese">Transcription into Japanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Encoding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Unix_Code" title="Extended Unix Code">EUC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Unix_Code#EUC-JP" title="Extended Unix Code">EUC-JP</a></li></ul></li> <li>ISO/IEC <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_2022" title="ISO/IEC 2022">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li>JIS <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0201" title="JIS X 0201">0201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0208" title="JIS X 0208">0208</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0211" title="JIS X 0211">0211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0212" title="JIS X 0212">0212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JIS_X_0213" title="JIS X 0213">0213</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shift_JIS" title="Shift JIS">Shift JIS</a></li></ul></li> <li>Unicode <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana_(Unicode_block)" title="Hiragana (Unicode block)">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana_Extended-A" title="Kana Extended-A">Kana Extended-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana_Extended-B" title="Kana Extended-B">Kana Extended-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana_Supplement" title="Kana Supplement">Kana Supplement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Kana_Extension" title="Small Kana Extension">Small Kana Extension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana_(Unicode_block)" title="Katakana (Unicode block)">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana_Phonetic_Extensions" title="Katakana Phonetic Extensions">Katakana Phonetic Extensions</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARIB_STD_B24_character_set" title="ARIB STD B24 character set">ARIB STD B24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months" title="Enclosed CJK Letters and Months">Enclosed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclosed_Ideographic_Supplement" title="Enclosed Ideographic Supplement">EIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_shinjitai" title="Extended shinjitai">Extended shinjitai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfwidth_and_fullwidth_forms" title="Halfwidth and fullwidth forms">Half/Full</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Grammar and vocabulary</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_grammar" title="Japanese grammar">Japanese grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_verb_conjugation" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese verb conjugation">Verb conjugations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_godan_and_ichidan_verbs" title="Japanese godan and ichidan verbs">Godan and ichidan verbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_irregular_verbs" title="Japanese irregular verbs">Irregular verbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_pronouns" title="Japanese pronouns">Pronouns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_adjectives" title="Japanese adjectives">Adjectives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_possessives" title="Japanese possessives">Possessives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_particles" title="Japanese particles">Particles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topic_marker" title="Topic marker">Topic marker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_counter_word" title="Japanese counter word">Counter words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_numerals" title="Japanese numerals">Numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamato_kotoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamato kotoba">Native words (yamato kotoba)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_vocabulary" title="Sino-Japanese vocabulary">Sino-Japanese vocabulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gairaigo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gairaigo">Loan words (gairaigo)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Japanese_words_of_Dutch_origin" title="Glossary of Japanese words of Dutch origin">from Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Japanese_words_of_Portuguese_origin" title="Glossary of Japanese words of Portuguese origin">from Portuguese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasei-eigo" title="Wasei-eigo">Wasei-eigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasei-kango" title="Wasei-kango">Wasei-kango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engrish" title="Engrish">Engrish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorific_speech_in_Japanese" title="Honorific speech in Japanese">Honorific speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_honorifics" title="Japanese honorifics">Honorifics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ny%C5%8Db%C5%8D_kotoba" title="Nyōbō kotoba">Court lady language (nyōbō kotoba)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuwarigo" title="Yakuwarigo">Role language (yakuwarigo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_differences_in_Japanese" title="Gender differences in Japanese">Gender differences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_dictionary" title="Japanese dictionary">Dictionaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_phonology" title="Japanese phonology">Phonology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_pitch_accent" title="Japanese pitch accent">Pitch accent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendaku" title="Rendaku">Rendaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_sound_symbolism" title="Japanese sound symbolism">Sound symbolism</a></li> <li>Kanji pronunciation sources <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Go-on" title="Go-on">Go-on</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kan-on" title="Kan-on">Kan-on</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8D-on" title="Tō-on">Tō-on</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transliteration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Romanization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihon-shiki_romanization" title="Nihon-shiki romanization">Nihon-shiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunrei-shiki_romanization" title="Kunrei-shiki romanization">Kunrei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSL_romanization" title="JSL romanization">JSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C4%81puro_r%C5%8Dmaji" title="Wāpuro rōmaji">Wāpuro rōmaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcription_of_the_Japanese_language_in_Esperanto" title="Transcription of the Japanese language in Esperanto">In Esperanto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Japanese" title="Cyrillization of Japanese">Cyrillization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polivanov_system" title="Polivanov system">Polivanov system</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_literature" title="Japanese literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_books" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_poetry" title="Japanese poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_writers" title="List of Japanese writers">Writers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_speculative_fiction_writers" title="List of Japanese speculative fiction writers">Speculative fiction writers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Japanese" title="Classical Japanese">Classical Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_classical_Japanese_texts" title="List of classical Japanese texts">texts</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_writing_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_writing_systems" title="Template:List of writing systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_writing_systems" title="Template talk:List of writing systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_writing_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of writing systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_writing_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_systems" title="List of writing systems">Types</a> of <a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">writing systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_writing" title="History of writing">History of writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapheme" title="Grapheme">Grapheme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_systems" title="List of writing systems">Writing systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Undeciphered_writing_systems" title="Undeciphered writing systems">undeciphered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_creators_of_writing_systems" title="List of creators of writing systems">inventors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_constructed_scripts" title="List of constructed scripts">constructed</a></li></ul></li> <li>Languages by writing system / <a href="/wiki/List_of_languages_by_first_written_accounts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of languages by first written accounts">by first written accounts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Types" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_systems" title="List of writing systems">Types</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abjads" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abjad" title="Abjad">Abjads</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Numerals</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet">Aramaic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hatran_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatran alphabet">Hatran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elifba_alphabet" title="Elifba alphabet">Elifba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Egyptian hieroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elymaic" title="Elymaic">Elymaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet" title="Hebrew alphabet">Hebrew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ktav_Ashuri" title="Ktav Ashuri">Ashuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursive_Hebrew" title="Cursive Hebrew">Cursive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashi_script" title="Rashi script">Rashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitreo" title="Solitreo">Solitreo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaic_alphabet" title="Mandaic alphabet">Mandaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaean_script" title="Manichaean script">Manichaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabataean_script" title="Nabataean script">Nabataean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_North_Arabian" title="Ancient North Arabian">Ancient North Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_scripts" title="Pahlavi scripts">Pahlavi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Book Pahlavi">Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inscriptional_Pahlavi" title="Inscriptional Pahlavi">Inscriptional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inscriptional_Parthian" title="Inscriptional Parthian">Inscriptional Parthian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalter_Pahlavi" title="Psalter Pahlavi">Psalter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegon_script" title="Pegon script">Pegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Hebrew_alphabet" title="Paleo-Hebrew alphabet">Paleo-Hebrew</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitman_shorthand" title="Pitman shorthand">Pitman shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic_script" title="Proto-Sinaitic script">Proto-Sinaitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Punic alphabet">Punic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_script" title="Samaritan script">Samaritan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script" title="Ancient South Arabian script">South Arabian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script#Zabur_script" title="Ancient South Arabian script">Zabur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_South_Arabian_script#Musnad" title="Ancient South Arabian script">Musnad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogdian_alphabet" title="Sogdian alphabet">Sogdian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet" title="Syriac alphabet">Syriac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#Classical_ʾEsṭrangēlā" title="Syriac alphabet">ʾEsṭrangēlā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#West_Syriac_Serṭā" title="Syriac alphabet">Serṭā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#East_Syriac_Maḏnḥāyā" title="Syriac alphabet">Maḏnḥāyā</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teeline_Shorthand" class="mw-redirect" title="Teeline Shorthand">Teeline Shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugaritic_alphabet" title="Ugaritic alphabet">Ugaritic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abugidas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">Abugidas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Brahmic_scripts" title="Brahmic scripts">Brahmic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali%E2%80%93Assamese_script" title="Bengali–Assamese script">Bengali–Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaiksuki_script" title="Bhaiksuki script">Bhaiksuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmi_script" title="Brahmi script">Brahmi script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogri_script" title="Dogri script">Dogri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_script" title="Gujarati script">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupta_script" title="Gupta script">Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaithi" title="Kaithi">Kaithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_script" title="Kalinga script">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khema_script" title="Khema script">Khema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khojki_script" title="Khojki script">Khojki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudabadi_script" title="Khudabadi script">Khudabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81_scripts" title="Laṇḍā scripts">Laṇḍā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepcha_script" title="Lepcha script">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahajani" title="Mahajani">Mahajani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchen_script" title="Marchen script">Marchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_script" title="Meitei script">Meitei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modi_script" title="Modi script">Modi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multani_script" title="Multani script">Multani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81gar%C4%AB_script" title="Nāgarī script">Nagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandinagari" title="Nandinagari">Nandinagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_scripts" title="Nepalese scripts">Nepalese scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhujimol_script" title="Bhujimol script">Bhujimol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golmol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golmol script (page does not exist)">Golmol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himmol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Himmol script (page does not exist)">Himmol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kummol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kummol script (page does not exist)">Kummol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvemmol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvemmol script (page does not exist)">Kvemmol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pachumol_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pachumol script (page does not exist)">Pachumol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pracalit_script" title="Pracalit script">Pracalit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjana_script" title="Ranjana script">Ranjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamyig_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamyig script">Tamyig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_script" title="Tirhuta script">Tirhuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbu_script" title="Limbu script">Limbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_scripts" title="Nepalese scripts">Litumol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Odia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karani_script" title="Karani script">Karani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCPhags-pa_script" title="ʼPhags-pa script">ʼPhags-pa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharada_script" title="Sharada script">Sharada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddha%E1%B9%83_script" title="Siddhaṃ script">Siddhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyombo_script" title="Soyombo script">Soyombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylheti_Nagri" title="Sylheti Nagri">Sylheti Nagri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takri_script" title="Takri script">Takri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uchen_script" title="Uchen script">Uchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Um%C3%AA_script" title="Umê script">Umê</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tocharian_script" title="Tocharian script">Tocharian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanabazar_square_script" title="Zanabazar square script">Zanabazar square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahom_script" title="Ahom script">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_script" title="Balinese script">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_script" title="Batak script">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhattiprolu_script" title="Bhattiprolu script">Bhattiprolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buda_script" title="Buda script">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buhid_script" title="Buhid script">Buhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakma_script" title="Chakma script">Chakma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_script" title="Cham script">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakkham_script" title="Fakkham script">Fakkham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grantha_script" title="Grantha script">Grantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goykanadi" title="Goykanadi">Goykanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanunoo_script" title="Hanunoo script">Hanunoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_script" title="Javanese script">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamba_script" title="Kadamba script">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_script" title="Kannada script">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%27gaw_Karen_alphabet" title="S'gaw Karen alphabet">Karen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawi_script" title="Kawi script">Kawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_script" title="Khmer script">Khmer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khom_Thai_script" title="Khom Thai script">Khom Thai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulitan" title="Kulitan">Kulitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tham_script" title="Tai Tham script">Lanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdi" title="Langdi">Langdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_script" title="Lao script">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leke_script" title="Leke script">Leke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lontara_script" title="Lontara script">Lontara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lontara_Bilang-bilang_script" title="Lontara Bilang-bilang script">Bilang-bilang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makasar_script" title="Makasar script">Makasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_script" title="Malayalam script">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivian_writing_systems" title="Maldivian writing systems">Old Maldivian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhives_Akuru" title="Dhives Akuru">Dhives Akuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eveyla_Akuru" class="mw-redirect" title="Eveyla Akuru">Eveyla Akuru</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%E2%80%93Burmese_script" title="Mon–Burmese script">Mon–Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallava_script" title="Pallava script">Pallava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyu_script" title="Pyu script">Pyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saurashtra_script" title="Saurashtra script">Saurashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shan_alphabet" title="Shan alphabet">Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_script" title="Sinhala script">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhothai_script" title="Sukhothai script">Sukhothai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_script" title="Sundanese script">Sundanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Sundanese_script" title="Old Sundanese script">Old Sundanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagbanwa_script" title="Tagbanwa script">Tagbanwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Le_script" title="Tai Le script">Tai Le</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Tai_Lue_alphabet" title="New Tai Lue alphabet">New Tai Lue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Noi_script" title="Tai Noi script">Tai Noi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Tham_script" title="Tai Tham script">Tai Tham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Viet_script" title="Tai Viet script">Tai Viet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lai_Tay_script" title="Lai Tay script">Lai Tay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil-Brahmi" title="Tamil-Brahmi">Tamil-Brahmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanchangya_script" title="Tanchangya script">Tanchangya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_script" title="Telugu script">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_script" title="Thai script">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigalari_script" title="Tigalari script">Tigalari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulu_scripts" title="Ulu scripts">Ulu scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incung_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Incung script (page does not exist)">Incung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampung_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampung script">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembak_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembak script (page does not exist)">Lembak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogan_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogan script (page does not exist)">Ogan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasemah_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasemah script (page does not exist)">Pasemah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejang_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Rejang script">Rejang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serawai_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serawai script (page does not exist)">Serawai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatteluttu" title="Vatteluttu">Vatteluttu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kolezhuthu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolezhuthu">Kolezhuthu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayanma" title="Malayanma">Malayanma</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharati_script" title="Bharati script">Bharati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd%27s_syllabic_shorthand" title="Boyd's syllabic shorthand">Boyd's syllabic shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_syllabics" title="Canadian Aboriginal syllabics">Canadian syllabics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_language#Writing_system" title="Blackfoot language">Blackfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_syllabics" title="Carrier syllabics">Déné syllabics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dham_script" title="Dham script">Dham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_language#Writing_systems" title="Fox language">Fox I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ge%CA%BDez_script" title="Geʽez script">Geʽez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunjala_Gondi_script" title="Gunjala Gondi script">Gunjala Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Braille" title="Japanese Braille">Japanese Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwar_language#Writing_Systems" title="Sunwar language">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandombe_script" title="Mandombe script">Mandombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondi_writing" title="Gondi writing">Masaram Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meroitic_script" title="Meroitic script">Meroitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollard_script" title="Pollard script">Miao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwangwego_script" title="Mwangwego script">Mwangwego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahawh_Hmong" title="Pahawh Hmong">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorang_Sompeng_script" title="Sorang Sompeng script">Sorang Sompeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar">Tengwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaana" title="Thaana">Thaana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Natural_Shorthand" title="Thomas Natural Shorthand">Thomas Natural Shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warang_Citi" title="Warang Citi">Warang Citi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwangwego_script" title="Mwangwego script">Mwangwego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiang_language" title="Qiang language">Rma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Alphabets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adlam_script" title="Adlam script">Adlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariyaka_script" title="Ariyaka script">Ariyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avestan_alphabet" title="Avestan alphabet">Avestan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pazend" title="Pazend">Pazend</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avoiuli" title="Avoiuli">Avoiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassa_Vah_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bassa Vah script">Bassa Vah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carian_alphabets" title="Carian alphabets">Carian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Albanian_script" title="Caucasian Albanian script">Caucasian Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">Cirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coelbren_y_Beirdd" title="Coelbren y Beirdd">Coelbren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coorgi%E2%80%93Cox_alphabet" title="Coorgi–Cox alphabet">Coorgi–Cox alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Cyrillic" title="Bosnian Cyrillic">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deseret_alphabet" title="Deseret alphabet">Deseret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duployan_shorthand" title="Duployan shorthand">Duployan shorthand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duployan_shorthand#Chinook_writing" title="Duployan shorthand">Chinook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclectic_shorthand" title="Eclectic shorthand">Eclectic shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbasan_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Elbasan script">Elbasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enochian" title="Enochian">Enochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_alphabet" title="Etruscan alphabet">Etruscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Psalmanazar#Pseudo-lexicographer" title="George Psalmanazar">Formosan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_language#Writing_systems" title="Fox language">Fox II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_script" title="Fraser script">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabelsberger_shorthand" title="Gabelsberger shorthand">Gabelsberger shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadabuursi_Somali_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadabuursi Somali script">Gadabuursi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garay_alphabet" title="Garay alphabet">Garay alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_scripts" title="Georgian scripts">Georgian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asomtavruli" class="mw-redirect" title="Asomtavruli">Asomtavruli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuskhuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuskhuri">Nuskhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mkhedruli" class="mw-redirect" title="Mkhedruli">Mkhedruli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veso_Bey_alphabet" title="Veso Bey alphabet">Veso Bey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_script" title="Glagolitic script">Glagolitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_alphabet" title="Gothic alphabet">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregg_shorthand" title="Gregg shorthand">Gregg shorthand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a> (<a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greek_alphabets" title="Archaic Greek alphabets">Archaic</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Iberian_alphabet" title="Greco-Iberian alphabet">Greco-Iberian alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanifi_Rohingya_script" title="Hanifi Rohingya script">Hanifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwar_language#Writing_Systems" title="Sunwar language">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaddare_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaddare script">Kaddare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayah_Li_alphabet" title="Kayah Li alphabet">Kayah Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_scripts" title="Klingon scripts">Klingon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beneventan_script" title="Beneventan script">Beneventan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackletter" title="Blackletter">Blackletter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_minuscule" title="Carolingian minuscule">Carolingian minuscule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraktur" title="Fraktur">Fraktur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_type" title="Gaelic type">Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_script" title="Insular script">Insular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlac" class="mw-redirect" title="Interlac">Interlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurrent" title="Kurrent">Kurrent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_script" title="Merovingian script">Merovingian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribal_abbreviation" title="Scribal abbreviation">Sigla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCtterlin" title="Sütterlin">Sütterlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tironian_notes" title="Tironian notes">Tironian notes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visigothic_script" title="Visigothic script">Visigothic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_script" title="Luo script">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_alphabet" title="Lycian alphabet">Lycian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydian_alphabet" title="Lydian alphabet">Lydian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_alphabet" title="Manchu alphabet">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medefaidrin" title="Medefaidrin">Medefaidrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molodtsov_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Molodtsov alphabet">Molodtsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mru_language#Script" title="Mru language">Mru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundari_Bani" title="Mundari Bani">Mundari Bani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%27Ko_script" title="N'Ko script">N'Ko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ol_Chiki_script" title="Ol Chiki script">Ol Chiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Hungarian_script" title="Old Hungarian script">Old Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_scripts" title="Old Italic scripts">Old Italic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Permic_script" title="Old Permic script">Old Permic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Turkic_script" title="Old Turkic script">Orkhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Uyghur_alphabet" title="Old Uyghur alphabet">Old Uyghur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evenki_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenki alphabet">Evenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galik_alphabet" title="Galik alphabet">Galik alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_alphabet" title="Manchu alphabet">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Script" title="Clear Script">Oirat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagindra_script" title="Vagindra script">Vagindra</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ol_Onal" title="Ol Onal">Ol Onal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_script" title="Osage script">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmanya_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Osmanya script">Osmanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pau_Cin_Hau_script" title="Pau Cin Hau script">Pau Cin Hau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_alphabet" title="Phrygian alphabet">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisidian_language" title="Pisidian language">Pisidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Runes">Runic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_runes" title="Anglo-Saxon runes">Anglo-Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cipher_runes" title="Cipher runes">Cipher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalecarlian_runes" title="Dalecarlian runes">Dalecarlian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_Futhark" title="Elder Futhark">Elder Futhark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Younger_Futhark" title="Younger Futhark">Younger Futhark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_runic_inscriptions" title="Gothic runic inscriptions">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcomannic_runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcomannic runes">Marcomannic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_runes" title="Medieval runes">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staveless_runes" title="Staveless runes">Staveless</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavian_alphabet" title="Shavian alphabet">Shavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidetic_language" title="Sidetic language">Sidetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorang_Sompeng_script" title="Sorang Sompeng script">Sorang Sompeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunuwar_alphabet" title="Sunuwar alphabet">Sunuwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todhri_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Todhri script">Todhri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukh_language#Writing_systems" title="Kurukh language">Tolong Siki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellara_alphabet" title="Vellara alphabet">Vellara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible_Speech" title="Visible Speech">Visible Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithkuqi_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Vithkuqi script">Vithkuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wancho_language#Orthography" title="Wancho language">Wancho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warang_Citi" title="Warang Citi">Warang Citi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_alphabets#Yezidi" title="Kurdish alphabets">Yezidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaghawa_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaghawa script">Zaghawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Non-linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_maritime_signal_flags" title="International maritime signal flags">Maritime flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraph_code" title="Telegraph code">Telegraph code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Point" title="New York Point">New York Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_semaphore" title="Flag semaphore">Flag semaphore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_type" title="Moon type">Moon type</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ideograms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ideogram" title="Ideogram">Ideograms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adinkra_symbols" title="Adinkra symbols">Adinkra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_script" title="Aztec script">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blissymbols" title="Blissymbols">Blissymbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongba_symbols" title="Dongba symbols">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersu_Shaba_script" title="Ersu Shaba script">Ersu Shaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">Emoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isotype_(picture_language)" title="Isotype (picture language)">Isotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaid%C4%81_glyphs" title="Kaidā glyphs">Kaidā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%EA%9E%8Ckmaw_hieroglyphic_writing" class="mw-redirect" title="Miꞌkmaw hieroglyphic writing">Miꞌkmaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixtec_writing" title="Mixtec writing">Mixtec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Epoch_Notation_Painting" class="mw-redirect" title="New Epoch Notation Painting">New Epoch Notation Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nsibidi" title="Nsibidi">Nsibidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojibwe_writing_systems#Ojibwe_"hieroglyphs"" title="Ojibwe writing systems">Ojibwe Hieroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olmec_hieroglyphs" title="Olmec hieroglyphs">Olmec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siglas_poveiras" title="Siglas poveiras">Siglas poveiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testerian" title="Testerian">Testerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerkish" title="Yerkish">Yerkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapotec_script" title="Zapotec script">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Logograms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logograms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_family_of_scripts" title="Chinese family of scripts">Chinese family of scripts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_bone_script" title="Oracle bone script">Oracle bone script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions" title="Chinese bronze inscriptions">Bronze scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_script" title="Seal script">Seal script</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Large_seal_script" title="Large seal script">large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_seal_script" title="Small seal script">small</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird-worm_seal_script" title="Bird-worm seal script">bird-worm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="Chữ Nôm">Chữ Nôm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawndip" title="Sawndip">Sawndip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowen_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowen script">Bowen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Chinese-influenced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jurchen_script" title="Jurchen script">Jurchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_large_script" title="Khitan large script">Khitan large script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_script" title="Sui script">Sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangut_script" title="Tangut script">Tangut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">Cuneiform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akkadian_cuneiform" class="mw-redirect" title="Akkadian cuneiform">Akkadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuneiform" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian cuneiform">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elamite_cuneiform" title="Elamite cuneiform">Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_cuneiform" title="Hittite cuneiform">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform_Luwian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuneiform Luwian">Luwian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">Sumerian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Other logosyllabic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_hieroglyphs" title="Anatolian hieroglyphs">Anatolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagam_script" title="Bagam script">Bagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_hieroglyphs" title="Cretan hieroglyphs">Cretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_script" title="Isthmian script">Isthmian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_script" title="Maya script">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Elamite_script" title="Proto-Elamite script">Proto-Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenevil" title="Tenevil">Tenevil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_script#Classical_Yi" title="Yi script">Yi (Classical)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Logoconsonantal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demotic_(Egyptian)" title="Demotic (Egyptian)">Demotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieratic" title="Hieratic">Hieratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Hieroglyphs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Numerals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Arabic_numeral_system" title="Hindu–Arabic numeral system">Hindu-Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Abjad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_numerals" title="Attic numerals">Attic (Greek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sitelen_Pona" title="Sitelen Pona">Sitelen Pona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Semi-syllabaries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Semi-syllabaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-syllabaries">Semi-syllabaries</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Full</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Elamite" title="Linear Elamite">Linear Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtiberian_script" title="Celtiberian script">Celtiberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Iberian_script" title="Northeastern Iberian script">Northeastern Iberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Iberian_script" title="Southeastern Iberian script">Southeastern Iberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khom_script_(Ong_Kommadam)" title="Khom script (Ong Kommadam)">Khom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunging_script" title="Dunging script">Dunging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Redundant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Espanca_script" title="Espanca script">Espanca script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahawh_Hmong" title="Pahawh Hmong">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_small_script" title="Khitan small script">Khitan small script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Paleohispanic_script" title="Southwest Paleohispanic script">Southwest Paleohispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_writing_in_Vietnam#Quốc_Âm_Tân_Tự" title="History of writing in Vietnam">Quốc Âm Tân Tự</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sign_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASLwrite" title="ASLwrite">ASLwrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SignWriting" title="SignWriting">SignWriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si5s" title="Si5s">si5s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stokoe_notation" title="Stokoe notation">Stokoe notation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Syllabaries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Syllabary" title="Syllabary">Syllabaries</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afaka_syllabary" title="Afaka syllabary">Afaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamum_script" title="Bamum script">Bamum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9t%C3%A9_syllabary" title="Bété syllabary">Bété</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byblos_syllabary" title="Byblos syllabary">Byblos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_syllabics" title="Canadian Aboriginal syllabics">Canadian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_syllabary" title="Cherokee syllabary">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_syllabary" title="Cypriot syllabary">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypro-Minoan_syllabary" title="Cypro-Minoan syllabary">Cypro-Minoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditema_tsa_Dinoko" title="Ditema tsa Dinoko">Ditema tsa Dinoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskayan_script" title="Eskayan script">Eskayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geba_syllabary" title="Geba syllabary">Geba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Algonquian_syllabics" title="Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics">Great Lakes Algonquian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iban_language#Alphabet" title="Iban language">Iban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idu_script" title="Idu script">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">Kana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">Hentaigana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dgana" title="Sōgana">Sōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jindai_moji" title="Jindai moji">Jindai moji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mende_Kikakui_script" title="Mende Kikakui script">Kikakui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpelle_syllabary" title="Kpelle syllabary">Kpelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Elamite" title="Linear Elamite">Linear Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisu_language#Lisu_syllabary" title="Lisu language">Lisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loma_language#writing_systems" title="Loma language">Loma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu">Nüshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nwagu_Aneke_script" title="Nwagu Aneke script">Nwagu Aneke script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Persian_cuneiform" title="Old Persian cuneiform">Old Persian cuneiform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">Sumerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vai_syllabary" title="Vai syllabary">Vai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woleai_script" title="Woleai script">Woleai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_script#Modern_Yi" title="Yi script">Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugtun_script" title="Yugtun script">Yugtun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Braille" title="Template:Braille"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Braille" title="Template talk:Braille"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Braille" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Braille"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Braille_⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a> ⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille cell</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1829_braille" title="1829 braille">1829 braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_uniformity_of_braille_alphabets" title="International uniformity of braille alphabets">International uniformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_ASCII" title="Braille ASCII">ASCII braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_Patterns" title="Braille Patterns">Unicode braille patterns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:French-ordered_braille_alphabets" title="Category:French-ordered braille alphabets">French-ordered</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Braille" title="Albanian Braille">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azeri_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeri Braille">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_Braille" title="Cantonese Braille">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Braille" title="Catalan Braille">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Chinese_Braille" title="Mainland Chinese Braille">Chinese (mainland Mandarin)</a> (largely reassigned)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Braille" title="Czech Braille">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Braille" title="Dutch Braille">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Braille" title="English Braille">English</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unified_English_Braille" title="Unified English Braille">Unified English</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esperanto_Braille" title="Esperanto Braille">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Braille" title="French Braille">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Braille" title="German Braille">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_braille" title="Ghanaian braille">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guarani_Braille" title="Guarani Braille">Guarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Braille" title="Hawaiian Braille">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Braille" title="Hungarian Braille">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1upiaq_Braille" title="Iñupiaq Braille">Iñupiaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPA_Braille" title="IPA Braille">IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Braille" title="Irish Braille">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Braille" title="Italian Braille">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Braille" title="Latvian Braille">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Braille" title="Lithuanian Braille">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_Braille" title="Luxembourgish Braille">Luxembourgish</a> (extended to 8-dot)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Braille" title="Maltese Braille">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Braille" title="Māori Braille">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_Braille" title="Navajo Braille">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_braille" title="Nigerian braille">Nigerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Braille" title="Philippine Braille">Philippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Braille" title="Polish Braille">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Braille" title="Portuguese Braille">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Braille" title="Romanian Braille">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_Braille" title="Samoan Braille">Samoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Braille" title="Slovak Braille">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_braille" title="South African braille">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Braille" title="Spanish Braille">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Braille" title="Taiwanese Braille">Taiwanese Mandarin</a> (largely reassigned)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Braille" title="Turkish Braille">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Braille" title="Vietnamese Braille">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Braille" title="Welsh Braille">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Braille" title="Yugoslav Braille">Yugoslav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_Braille" title="Zambian Braille">Zambian</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nordic family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Braille" title="Estonian Braille">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_Braille" title="Faroese Braille">Faroese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Braille" title="Icelandic Braille">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Braille" title="Scandinavian Braille">Scandinavian</a> <ul><li>Danish</li> <li>Finnish</li> <li>Greenlandic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_S%C3%A1mi_Braille" title="Northern Sámi Braille">Northern Sámi</a></li> <li>Norwegian</li> <li>Swedish</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian lineage family i.e. <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets" title="Cyrillic alphabets">Cyrillic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Braille" title="Belarusian Braille">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Braille" title="Bulgarian Braille">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Braille" title="Kazakh Braille">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Braille" title="Kyrgyz Braille">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Braille" title="Mongolian Braille">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Braille" title="Russian Braille">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Braille" title="Tatar Braille">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Braille" title="Ukrainian Braille">Ukrainian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egyptian lineage family i.e. <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_Braille" title="Arabic Braille">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Braille" title="Persian Braille">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu_Braille" title="Urdu Braille">Urdu</a> (Pakistan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian lineage family i.e. <a href="/wiki/Bharati_Braille" title="Bharati Braille">Bharati Braille</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari_Braille" title="Devanagari Braille">Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Braille" title="Bengali Braille">Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_Braille" title="Gujarati Braille">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_Braille" title="Kannada Braille">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_Braille" title="Malayalam Braille">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_Braille" title="Odia Braille">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Braille" title="Punjabi Braille">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_Braille" title="Sinhala Braille">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Braille" title="Tamil Braille">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Braille" title="Telugu Braille">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu_Braille" title="Urdu Braille">Urdu</a> (India)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ge%27ez_Braille" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge'ez Braille">Amharic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Braille" title="Armenian Braille">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Braille" title="Burmese Braille">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzongkha_Braille" title="Dzongkha Braille">Dzongkha</a> (Bhutanese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Braille" title="Georgian Braille">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Braille" title="Greek Braille">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Braille" title="Hebrew Braille">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuktitut_Braille" title="Inuktitut Braille">Inuktitut</a> (reassigned vowels)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Braille" title="Khmer Braille">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_and_Lao_Braille" title="Thai and Lao Braille">Thai and Lao</a> (Japanese vowels)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Braille" title="Tibetan Braille">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reordered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Braille" title="Algerian Braille">Algerian Braille</a> (obsolete)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Frequency-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Braille" title="American Braille">American Braille</a> (obsolete)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Chinese semi-syllabaries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_Braille" title="Cantonese Braille">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Chinese_Braille" title="Mainland Chinese Braille">Mainland Chinese Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Braille" title="Taiwanese Braille">Taiwanese Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-cell_Chinese_Braille" title="Two-cell Chinese Braille">Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Braille" title="Japanese Braille">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Braille" title="Korean Braille">Korean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eight-dot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_Braille" title="Luxembourgish Braille">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_kanji" title="Braille kanji">Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (GS8)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols in braille</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille_music" title="Braille music">Braille music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_currency_tactile_feature" title="Canadian currency tactile feature">Canadian currency marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Braille_Code" title="Computer Braille Code">Computer Braille Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (science; GS8/GS6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPA_Braille" title="IPA Braille">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemeth_Braille" title="Nemeth Braille">Nemeth braille code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Braille_technology" title="Braille technology">Braille technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille_e-book" title="Braille e-book">Braille e-book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_embosser" title="Braille embosser">Braille embosser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_translator" title="Braille translator">Braille translator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_watch" title="Braille watch">Braille watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountbatten_Brailler" title="Mountbatten Brailler">Mountbatten Brailler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_braille_recognition" title="Optical braille recognition">Optical braille recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perforation" title="Perforation">Perforation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perkins_Brailler" title="Perkins Brailler">Perkins Brailler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refreshable_braille_display" title="Refreshable braille display">Refreshable braille display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_and_stylus" title="Slate and stylus">Slate and stylus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braigo" title="Braigo">Braigo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Braille" title="Louis Braille">Louis Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Barbier" title="Charles Barbier">Charles Barbier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3%C5%BCa_Czacka" title="Róża Czacka">Róża Czacka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentin_Ha%C3%BCy" title="Valentin Haüy">Valentin Haüy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Mowbray" title="Harris Mowbray">Harris Mowbray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakur_Vishva_Narain_Singh" title="Thakur Vishva Narain Singh">Thakur Vishva Narain Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabriye_Tenberken" title="Sabriye Tenberken">Sabriye Tenberken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bell_Wait" title="William Bell Wait">William Bell Wait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braille_Institute_of_America" title="Braille Institute of America">Braille Institute of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_Without_Borders" title="Braille Without Borders">Braille Without Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Braille_Library" title="Japan Braille Library">Japan Braille Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Braille_Association" title="National Braille Association">National Braille Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Blindness_organizations" title="Category:Blindness organizations">Blindness organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Schools_for_the_blind" title="Category:Schools for the blind">Schools for the blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Printing_House_for_the_Blind" title="American Printing House for the Blind">American Printing House for the Blind</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Tactile_alphabet" title="Tactile alphabet">tactile alphabets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decapoint" title="Decapoint">Decapoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_type" title="Moon type">Moon type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Point" title="New York Point">New York Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_writing" title="Night writing">Night writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibratese" title="Vibratese">Vibratese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accessible_publishing" title="Accessible publishing">Accessible publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_literacy" title="Braille literacy">Braille literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RoboBraille" title="RoboBraille">RoboBraille</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82946#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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