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placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Търсене </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Туберкулоза</h1> <div class="tagline"> инфекциозно заболяване </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" 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<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12144718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-lua{width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data-only,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-above{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-italic-title{display:none}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;margin:-5px 0;border:0;border-spacing:0 5px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox th.onlysubbox,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td.onlysubbox{padding:0!important}</style> Туберкулозата (на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Латински език">латински</a>: Tuberculosis), разговорно наричана също охтика или особено в литературата „Жълтата гостенка“, е хронично протичащо специфично <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Възпаление">възпалително</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Болест">заболяване</a>, което засяга предимно <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Бели дробове">белите дробове</a>, но може да засегне и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%9D%D0%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ЦНС">централната нервна система</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Лимфни съдове">лимфните съдове</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Храносмилателна система">храносмилателната система</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кост">костите</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Стави">ставите</a> или <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кожа">кожата</a>. <table class="infobox infobox-lua infobox_v2 vcard"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-above title medicine" style="background-color:lightgrey; border:1px solid #aaaaaa;">Туберкулоза</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Рентгенова снимка на гръдния кош на човек с напреднала форма на туберкулоза. Белите стрелки показват огнище на инфекцията в белите дробове. Черните стрелки показват местонахождението на образувана каверна (кухина)."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg/250px-Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg/375px-Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg/500px-Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="542"></a> <div> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Рентгенова снимка (страницата не съществува)">Рентгенова снимка</a> на гръдния кош на човек с напреднала форма на туберкулоза. Белите стрелки показват огнище на инфекцията в белите дробове. Черните стрелки показват местонахождението на образувана каверна (кухина). </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background: lightgrey; border:1px solid #aaaaaa;">Класификация и външни ресурси</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="МКБ">МКБ</a>-<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91-10?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="МКБ-10">10</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91-10_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_A&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="МКБ-10 Глава A (страницата не съществува)">A</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en%23/A15">15</a>–<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91-10_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_A&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="МКБ-10 Глава A (страницата не съществува)">A</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en%23/A19">19</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="МКБ">МКБ</a>-<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91-9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="МКБ-9 (страницата не съществува)">9</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9%3D010">010</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9%3D018">018</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OMIM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="OMIM">OMIM</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/607948">607948</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;">База данни DiseasesDB</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb8515.htm">8515</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;">База данни MedlinePlus</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000077.htm">000077</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;">База данни eMedicine</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2324.htm">med/2324</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic618.htm%23">emerg/618</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic411.htm%23">radio/411</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left; background-color:#E8E8E8;"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Medical Subject Headings">Мед. рубрики MeSH</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2010/MB_cgi?field%3Duid%26term%3DD014376">D014376</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:lightgrey; border:1px solid #aaaaaa;"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tuberculosis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tuberculosis">Туберкулоза</a> в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Специфичният причинител на туберкулозата е Mycobacterium tuberculosis, наречен още <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Бацил">бацил</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Роберт Кох">Кох</a>. Той бива 5 основни типа (човешки, говежди, птичи, миши и поикилотермен), като епидемиологично значение за човека имат първите два. Лекува се с индивидуална <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Антибиотик">антибиотична</a> терапия. В <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Прибалтийски републики">прибалтийските страни</a> са забелязани случаи на резистентни към известните лекарства <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A9%D0%B0%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Щам">щамове</a>. Той се намира навсякъде в околната среда. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Източник на зараза">Източник на заразата</a> е болният от туберкулоза, който кашля<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-AP-1">[1]</a>. Повечето инфекции са асимптоматични и латентни. Но около една на десет латентни <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Инфекция">инфекции</a> се развиват прогресивно и активират заболяването. Ако туберкулозата не се лекува, тя води до смърт при повече от 50 % от инфектираните. Най-застрашени от заразяване и заболяване са контактните, т.е. живеещите и работещите в едно помещение с болния. Не всеки контактен се разболява. От туберкулоза се разболяват лица с потисната <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Имунна система">имунна система</a>. Предразполагащи фактори са непълноценното и нерационалното <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хранене">хранене</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стрес">стресът</a>, преумората, злоупотребата с <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Алкохол">алкохол</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Тютюнопушене">тютюнопушенето</a>, т.е. всичко, което срива защитата на организма. Рискови за заболяване от туберкулоза са и лица със <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Захарен диабет">захарен диабет</a>, стомашно-чревни страдания, лекуваните продължително време с <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кортизон">кортизонови</a> препарати, провеждащите химио- и лъчелечение и др. Класическите <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Симптом">симптоми</a> на активната туберкулозна инфекция са <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кашлица">хронична кашлица</a> с примесени с <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кръв">кръв</a> храчки, температура, нощно потене и загуба на тегло. В миналото наричали туберкулозата „охтика“, заради загубата на тегло при инфектираните. Инфектирането на други органи предизвиква широка гама от симптоми. Диагнозата на активна туберкулоза се основава на радиологично изследване (обикновено <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Рентгенография">рентген</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гръден кош">гръдния кош</a>), както и микроскопско изследване и микробиологична култура на телесните <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Флуид">флуиди</a>. Диагнозата на латентната туберкулоза се основава на туберкулинов кожен тест (TКT) и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Кръвни тестове">кръвни тестове</a>. Лечението е трудно и налага прилагането на множество <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Антибиотици">антибиотици</a> в продължение на дълъг период от време. Наблюдават се също и хората, които са били в контакт с болния и ако е необходимо им се прилага лечение. Резистентността към антибиотиците е все по-нарастващ проблем при туберкулоза с мултилекарствена резистентност (MDR-TB) инфекции. За да се предотврати туберкулозата, хората трябва да бъдат проверявани за наличие на заболяването и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ваксинация">ваксинирани</a> с <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ваксина">ваксина</a> с бацил на Калмет–Герен. Експертите смятат, че една трета от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Население на света">населението на света</a> е заразено с Mycobacterium tuberculosis<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2012data-2">[2]</a> и всяка секунда се заразява по един човек по света.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2012data-2">[2]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2007?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2007">2007</a> г. е изчислено, че по света са активни 13,7 милиона хронични случаи.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2009-Epidemiology-3">[3]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2010">2010</a> г. е изчислено, че са се заразили нови 8,8 милиона души и е имало 1,5 милиона смъртни случая, най-вече в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Развиващи се страни">развиващите се страни</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011-4">[4]</a> Абсолютният брой на случаите на туберкулоза намалява от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2006?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2006">2006</a> г. насам, а новите случаи са намалели от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2002?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2002">2002</a> г.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011-4">[4]</a> Туберкулозата не е разпределена равномерно по света. Около 80 % от населението в много азиатски и африкански страни дава положителен резултат при туберкулинов тест, но само 5 – 10 % от населението в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="САЩ">САЩ</a> дава положителен резултат от теста.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Повечето хора в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Развиващи се страни">третия свят</a> развиват туберкулоза поради отслабен <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Имунитет">имунитет</a>. Обикновено тези хора развиват туберкулоза, защото са инфектирани с <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%98%D0%92?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ХИВ">ХИВ</a> и развиват <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%9F%D0%98%D0%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="СПИН">СПИН</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="bg" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Съдържание</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F">1 Етиология</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE">2 Исторически сведения за заболяването</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%92_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0">2.1 В древността</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%92_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80">2.2 В народните вярвания и фолклор</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0">2.3 Научно изследване на болестта</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0,_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0">2.4 Развитие на диагностиката, профилактиката и лечението на туберкулозата</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5">3 Разпространение</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F">4 Епидемиология</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8">4.1 Рискови фактори</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5">4.2 Предаване</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82">4.3 Възприемчивост</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0">5 Патогенеза</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8">6 Клинични признаци</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0">6.1 Пулмонарна форма</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0">6.2 Екстрапулмонарна форма</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0">7 Прогноза</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F">8 Патологоанатомични изменения</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0">9 Диагноза</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0">9.1 Активна туберкулоза</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0">9.2 Латентна туберкулоза</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5">10 Лечение</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0">10.1 Първоначална проява</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE">10.2 Повторна проява на заболяването</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82">10.3 Лекарствена резистентност</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0">11 Профилактика и борба</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8">11.1 Ваксини</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5">11.2 Обществено здравеопазване</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0">12 Общество и култура</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F">13 Изследвания</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5">14 Туберкулоза при животните</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8,_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0">15 Известни личности, заболели от туберкулоза</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8,_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0">16 Известни личности, починали от туберкулоза</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8">17 Бележки</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%89%D0%BE">18 Вижте също</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Етиология">Етиология</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Етиология" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg/220px-Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1997" data-file-height="1927"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 212px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg/220px-Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="212" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg/330px-Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg/440px-Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Сканиращ електронен микрограф показващ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_tuberculosis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium tuberculosis (страницата не съществува)">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a> </figcaption> </figure> <dl> <dd> <div class="dablink noprint"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 17px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="17" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  Основна статия: <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_tuberculosis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium tuberculosis (страницата не съществува)">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a> </div> </dd> </dl> Главният причинител на туберкулозата при човека е аеробната неподвижна <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Бактерия">бактерия</a> Mycobacterium tuberculosis<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a>. Много от характеристиките на заболяването се дължат на високото съдържание на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Липид">липиди</a> в този патоген.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Клетка">Клетките</a> на бактерията се делят на всеки 16 – 20 часа, много бавно в сравнение с други бактерии, които се делят за по-малко от час.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cox_2004-9">[9]</a> Микобактериите имат <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Клетъчна мембрана">клетъчна мембрана</a> от липиден двоен слой.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Niederweis2010-10">[10]</a> Ако се извърши оцветяване по Грам, микобактерията или се оцветява леко Грам-положително или не задържа оцветяване, защото стената на клетката и има високо липидно и муколитично киселинно съдържание.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Madison_2001-11">[11]</a> Микобактерията на туберкулозата може да устои на слаб дезинфектант и може да оцелее в сухо състояние в продължение на седмици. В <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Природата">природата</a> бактерията може да се развива само в клетките на организъм-приемник, но може да бъде отгледана в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Лаборатория">лабораторни</a> условия.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Parish_1999-12">[12]</a> Като използват <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хистология">хистологични</a> оцветявания върху изкашляни проби от храчка, учените могат да идентифицират микобактерията на туберкулозата под обикновен (светлинен) <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Микроскоп">микроскоп</a>. Микобактерията на туберкулозата задържа някои петна дори и след като се обработи с киселинен разтвор, затова се класифицира като киселинноустойчив бацил.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Madison_2001-11">[11]</a> Най-широко разпространени са две техники на киселинноустойчиво оцветяване: <ul> <li>оцветяване по Цил – Нилсен, при което киселинноустойчивият бацил се оцветява в ярко червено, което изпъква ясно на син фон;<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Stain2000-13">[13]</a></li> <li>оцветяване с аурамин – родамин, последвано от флуоресцентна микроскопия.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14">[14]</a></li> </ul> Групата на M. tuberculosis включва още четири микобактерии, причиняващи туберкулоза – <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mycobacterium_bovis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mycobacterium bovis">M. bovis</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_africanum&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium africanum (страницата не съществува)">M. africanum</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_canetti&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium canetti (страницата не съществува)">M. canetti</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_microti&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium microti (страницата не съществува)">M. microti</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15">[15]</a> M. africanum не е широко разпространена, но в някои части на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Африка">Африка</a> е важен причинител на болестта.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17">[17]</a> M. bovis в миналото е основен причинител на туберкулоза, но масовата <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пастьоризация">пастьоризация</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Мляко">млякото</a> до голяма степен я елиминира като заплаха за хората в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Развитите страни">развитите страни</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18">[18]</a> M. canetti е рядка и изглежда се среща само в Африка, макар че са известни няколко случая при африкански емигранти.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19">[19]</a> M. microti е наблюдавана главно при пациенти с имунна недостатъчност, макар че е възможно разпространението ѝ да е подценявано.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Niemann_2000-20">[20]</a> Другите познати патогенни микобактерии включват <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_leprae&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium leprae (страницата не съществува)">M. leprae</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_avium_complex&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium avium complex (страницата не съществува)">M. avium</a>, и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_kansasii&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mycobacterium kansasii (страницата не съществува)">M. kansasii</a>. Последните два вида се класифицират като нетуберкулозни микобактерии (НТМ). НТМ не предизвикват туберкулоза или <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Проказа">проказа</a>, но те в действителност причиняват белодробни заболявания, които наподобяват туберкулозата.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ALA_1997-21">[21]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Исторически_сведения_за_заболяването"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.8F.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BE">Исторически сведения за заболяването</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Исторически сведения за заболяването" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="В_древността">В древността</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: В древността" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg/300px-Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="111" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1644" data-file-height="610"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 111px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg/300px-Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="111" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg/450px-Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg/600px-Mummy_501594_fh000031.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Доказателства за наличие на болестта са открити при египетски мумии </figcaption> </figure> Туберкулозата е заболяване, известно от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Древност">древността</a>. Най-ранните сигурни доказателства за това датират от епохата на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Плейстоцен">плейстоцена</a>. Открити са фрагменти <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%9D%D0%9A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ДНК">ДНК</a> от причинителя на заболяването в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кост">кост</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бизон">бизон</a>, живял в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Северна Америка">Северна Америка</a> и боледувал от туберкулоза преди 17 500 – 18 000 години.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Rothschild_2001-22">[22]</a> Все още не е ясно дали човекът се е превърнал в чувствителен за заболяването вид, заразявайки се от одомашнените животни, или е настъпил точно обратният процес.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pearce-Duvet_2006-23">[23]</a> Последните изследвания сочат, че основните причинители за туберкулозата при човека и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Говеда">говедата</a> (Mycobacterium tuberculosis и Mycobacterium bovis) не произлизат пряко един от друг, а имат общ предшественик.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ernst-24">[24]</a> При археологически разкопки в източното <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Средиземноморие">Средиземноморие</a> учени откриват общ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гроб">гроб</a> на майка и дете, погребани преди около 9000 години. При изследване на костите им се установява, че те са боледували от туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Hershkovitz_2008-25">[25]</a> Характерни за туберкулозата изменения са открити в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гръбначен стълб">гръбначен стълб</a> на египетска <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Мумия">мумия</a> на възраст 4500 – 5000 години.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Zink_2003-26">[26]</a> Сигурни доказателства за наличие на туберкулоза при хората в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Южна Америка">Южна Америка</a> датират отпреди 2000 години при мумии, открити в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Анди">Андите</a>. От общо 12 при 7 от тях има ясни доказателства, че са боледували от това заболяване.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Дълго преди да бъде открит причинителят на туберкулозата се е предполагало, че тя е заразна болест. Във вавилонския кодекс на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хамурапи">Хамурапи</a> било разрешено правото на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Развод">развод</a> с болна жена, проявяваща признаци на белодробна туберкулоза. В <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Индия">Индия</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Португалия">Португалия</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Венецианска република">Венеция</a> били издадени закони, които задължавали болните от туберкулоза да съобщават за своето състояние. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="В_народните_вярвания_и_фолклор">В народните вярвания и фолклор</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: В народните вярвания и фолклор" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> В годините преди възникването на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Индустриална революция">индустриалната революция</a> доста често се е приемало, че болните от туберкулоза са <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вампир">вампири</a>. Хората смятали, че когато в едно семейство почине човек от туберкулоза, останалите членове на семейството губят своето <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Здраве">здраве</a> и бавно умират. Според <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Суеверие">суеверието</a> се вярвало, че умрелият от туберкулоза член на семейството бавно източва живота на своите близки. Тези вярвания се подкрепяли и от факта, че болните проявяват симптоми, подобни на тези за които се смята, че са свойствени за вампирите. Хората с туберкулоза почти винаги имат червени, подути очи (състояние, при което се проявява чувствителност към ярка светлина), бледа кожа, ниска телесна температура и храчене на кръв.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Sledzik_1994-28">[28]</a> Други народни вярвания приписват болестта на непрестанни нощни <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Самодива">самодивски</a> танци, които изтощават жертвата поради липсата на почивка. Според други поверия болните са приемани като жертва на кошмари.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29">[29]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/19_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="19 век">19 век</a> на туберкулозата е придаден романтичен характер, благодарение на чувството на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Еуфория">еуфория</a> възникващо в последния етап на болестта. При прогресиране на заболяването страдалците проявяват особен изблик на енергия, което ги прави по-креативни за кратък етап от болестта.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-StudiesLiteraryImagination-Clark-30">[30]</a> В миналото в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="България">България</a> заболяването е наричано с описателните имена охтика и жълта гостенка. Тези имена се дължат на характерните признаци на заболяването – прогресивна кашлица и отслабване. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Научно_изследване_на_болестта">Научно изследване на болестта</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Научно изследване на болестта" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Началото на същинското проучване на туберкулозата се поставя с труда „<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Медицински канон (страницата не съществува)">Медицински канон</a>“ на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Авицена">Авицена</a> от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1020?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1020">1020</a> г. Той е първият учен, определил белодробната туберкулоза като заразна болест, първи установява връзката между диабета и туберкулозата, а също така първи изказва предположението, че тя може да се предаде при контакт с <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B2%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Почва">почва</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вода">вода</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Авицена създава метод на карантиниране на болните във връзка с ограничаване на разпространението на туберкулозата.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33">[33]</a> В древността лечението на заболяванията се е фокусирало върху прилагането на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Диета">диети</a>. В тази връзка <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Плиний Стари">Плиний Стари</a> в своето произведение „<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Естествена история">Естествена история</a>“ описва няколко метода на лечение на туберкулозата. Такива например са консумацията на черен дроб от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вълк">вълк</a>, предварително накиснат в слабо <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вино">вино</a>, консумиране на свинска мас от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Свиня">свиня</a>, хранена само с трева, или месен бульон от женско <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Магаре">магаре</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Въпреки че през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1689?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1689">1689</a> г. д-р Ричард Мортън установява връзката на белодробната форма с наличието на туберкули,<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WhoNamedIt-Calmette-35">[35]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-MedHist1970-Trail-36">[36]</a> поради многообразието на проявените симптоми, туберкулозата не е била идентифицирана като едно общо заболяване. Едва през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1820?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1820">1820</a> г. става ясно, че всички признаци касаят това заболяване, а през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1839?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1839">1839</a> г. Йохан Шьонлайн го нарича с името туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[37]</a> През периода <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1838?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1838">1838</a> – <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1845?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1845">1845</a> г., собственикът на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Мамутова пещера">Мамутовата пещера</a>, д-р Джон Крогън довежда редица страдащи от туберкулоза с надежда те да се излекуват благодарение на постоянната температура и чистотата на въздуха в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пещера">пещерата</a>. Болните умират в рамките на една година след тяхното идване.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Първият <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Санаториум">санаториум</a> за туберкулозно болни е открит през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1859?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1859">1859</a> г. от Херман Бремер в градчето <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Гьорберсдорф">Гьорберсдорф</a>, тогава в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Германия">Германия</a> (днес <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Соколовско">Соколовско</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Полша">Полша</a>).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-sanatoria-39">[39]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1868?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1868">1868</a> г. немският <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Патолог">патолог</a> Теодор Лангханс при изследване на туберкули открива наличието на гигантски <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Клетка">клетки</a> в тях. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg/220px-SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg/220px-SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg/330px-SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg/440px-SanatoriumGrunwald_Sokolowsko.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Санаториум">Санаториум</a> в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Соколовско">Соколовско</a> </figcaption> </figure> В средата на XIX век френския корабен лекар Жан Вилмен наблюдавал разпространението на туберкулоза благодарение на болен <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Матрос">матрос</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кораб">кораба</a>, когото обслужвал. Като доказателство за заразния характер на болестта той събирал храчки от пациенти и заразявал с тях <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Морско свинче">морски свинчета</a>. Животните заболявали и умирали от туберкулоза. Вилмен достига до извода, че туберкулозата има заразен характер. Мнението на Вилмен било потвърдено през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1879?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1879">1879</a> г. и от немския патолог Юлиус Конхайм. При опитите си той заразявал <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Зайци">зайци</a> с поразени тъкани на умрели от туберкулоза хора. През XIX и началото на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XX_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="XX век">XX век</a> заболяването придобива сериозна обществена значимост като се превръща в ендемично заболяване на бедните граждани.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40">[40]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1815?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1815">1815</a> г. един от четири смъртни случая в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Англия">Англия</a> е в резултат на туберкулоза, а във <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Франция">Франция</a> през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1918?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1918">1918</a> г. всеки шести умира от нея. През XX век от туберкулоза умират около 100 милиона души.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-41">[41]</a> След като е бива установен заразния характер на болестта във <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Великобритания">Великобритания</a> е предприета кампания за прекратяване на храченето на обществени места, а болните бедняци са притискани да влязат в санаториуми, чиито условия наподобяват тези на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Затвор">затвор</a>. В същия момент санаториумите за по-богатите кръгове от обществото предлагат многократно по-добри условия и постоянни медицински грижи. Въпреки това обаче, каквито и условия да се предлагат в санаториумите дори и в най-добрите 50 % от постъпилите в тях са умирали до петата година в тях. В <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Съединени американски щати">Съединените щати</a> също се отнасят сериозно към разпространението на заболяването като се забранява плюенето на обществени места с изключение на специално поставени за целта <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Плювалник">плювалници</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:RobertKoch.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/RobertKoch.jpg/220px-RobertKoch.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="1452"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 317px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/RobertKoch.jpg/220px-RobertKoch.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="220" data-height="317" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/RobertKoch.jpg/330px-RobertKoch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/RobertKoch.jpg/440px-RobertKoch.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Роберт Кох – откривателят на туберкулозната бактерия </figcaption> </figure> Причинителят на туберкулозата Mycobacterium tuberculosis, е идентифициран и описан на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/24_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="24 март">24 март</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1882?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1882">1882</a> г. от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Роберт Кох">Роберт Кох</a>. Това откритие се дължи на седемнадесетгодишен труд. Той бива видян от Кох в микроскопски препарат от храчка на туберкулозно болен човек. За това си откритие той получава <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина">Нобелова награда за физиология и медицина</a> през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1905?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1905">1905</a> г.,<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42">[42]</a> а причинителят в началото е наречен в негова чест „Бацил на Кох“. Кох не е вярвал, че говеждата и човешката туберкулоза са близки помежду си. Това забавя откриването на връзката заразено мляко консумирано от хора да е възможен път за заразяване. През следващите години благодарение на пастьоризацията на млякото този процес е прекратен и спомага за ограничаване на случаите на заразяване на хора. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Развитие_на_диагностиката,_профилактиката_и_лечението_на_туберкулозата"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0.2C_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.B8_.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.87.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BE_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0">Развитие на диагностиката, профилактиката и лечението на туберкулозата</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Развитие на диагностиката, профилактиката и лечението на туберкулозата" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1819?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1819">1819</a> г. френският лекар Рене Лаенек предлага метода <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Аускултация">аускултация</a> на белите дробове. Той повлиява положително в по-нататъшната разработка на методите на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Диагностика">диагностика</a> на туберкулозата. През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1890?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1890">1890</a> г. Роберт Кох получава за първи път <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Туберкулин">туберкулин</a> и го описва като „водно-глицеринов извлек на туберкулинова култура“. За целите на диагностиката Кох предлага да се извършва подкожна проба с инжектиране на туберкулин. На лекарския конгрес в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Берлин">Берлин</a> Кох съобщил за възможно профилактично и даже лечебно действие на туберкулина. Той бил изпитан при опитите му с морски свинчета както и върху себе си и своята сътрудничка (която впоследствие става негова съпруга). Година след това отново в Берлин е направено официално заключение относно високата ефективност на туберкулина в диагностиката, докато лечебните му свойства били доста противоречиви. Първият истински успех в създаването на ваксина против туберкулоза е разработен от атенюиран щам на Mycobacterium bovis. Това откритие било направено от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Микробиолог">микробиолога</a> Албер Калмет и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ветеринарен лекар">ветеринарния лекар</a> Камил Герин през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1906?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1906">1906</a> г. Тя е наречена „БЦЖ“ („BCG“/Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin). Тази ваксина била приложена за първи път във <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Франция">Франция</a> на новородено и е започнала масово да се прилага при хора в страната, а в годините след <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Втора световна война">Втората световна война</a> ваксинацията бързо се налага и в САЩ, Великобритания и Германия. През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1943?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1943">1943</a> г. Зелман Ваксман и Алберт Шац получават <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стрептомицин">стрептомицин</a>, който става и първия антимикробен препарат оказващ бактериостатично действие на причинителите на заболяването. През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1946?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1946">1946</a> г. той е използван за пръв път в лечението на туберкулозата. Въпреки надеждите за окончателно ликвидиране на болестта и въвеждането на нови лекарствени средства в борбата с нея през 80-те години се получават сведения за появата на мултирезистентни щамове. Пример за това са случаите на туберкулоза във Великобритания. През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1913?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1913">1913</a> г. са регистрирани 117 000 туберкулозно болни, през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1987?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1987">1987</a> г. те спадат до около 5000, но случаите отново нарастват през следващите години достигайки до 6300 през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2000">2000</a> г. и 7600 през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2005?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2005">2005</a> г.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43">[43]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1993?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1993">1993</a> г. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%97%D0%9E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="СЗО">СЗО</a> обявява декларация от опасността от разпространение на мултирезистентна туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[44]</a> В световен мащаб ежегодно от резистентни щамове се разболяват около половин милион души.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Разпространение">Разпространение</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Разпространение" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Карта на света със Субсахарска Африка в различни нюанси на жълто, като е отбелязана болестност при над 300/100 000 души, а в САЩ, Канада, Австралия и Северна Европа в нюанси на тъмно синьо, като е отбелязана болестност при около 10/100 000 души. Азия е оцветена в не много ярко жълто, като е отбелязана болестност при около 200/100 000 души. Южна Америка е в по-тъмно жълто." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg/220px-Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 97px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg/220px-Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg.png" data-alt="Карта на света със Субсахарска Африка в различни нюанси на жълто, като е отбелязана болестност при над 300/100 000 души, а в САЩ, Канада, Австралия и Северна Европа в нюанси на тъмно синьо, като е отбелязана болестност при около 10/100 000 души. Азия е оцветена в не много ярко жълто, като е отбелязана болестност при около 200/100 000 души. Южна Америка е в по-тъмно жълто." data-width="220" data-height="97" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg/330px-Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg/440px-Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> През 2007 г. болестността от туберкулоза на 100 000 души е най-висока в Субсахарска Африка и сравнително висока в Азия.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2009-Burden-46">[46]</a> </figcaption> </figure> Около една трета от населението в света е инфектирано с Mycobacterium tuberculosis. На всяка секунда в света възниква по една нова инфекция.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2002-47">[47]</a> Въпреки това повечето инфекции с Mycobacterium tuberculosis не причиняват туберкулозно заболяване<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CDC-48">[48]</a>, а 90 – 95 % от инфекциите остават асимптоматични.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Book90-49">[49]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2007?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2007">2007</a> г. се е смятало, че хроничните активни заболели наброяват 13,7 милиона души.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2009-Epidemiology-3">[3]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2010">2010</a> г. са диагностицирани 8,8 милиона нови случая на туберкулоза и 1,45 милиона смъртни случая, повечето от тях в развиващите се страни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011-4">[4]</a> От тези 1,45 милиона смъртни случая около 0,35 милиона са при хора със смесена инфекция с HIV.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011Control-50">[50]</a> Туберкулозата е втората най-честа причина за смъртност от инфекциозни заболявания (след смъртността от HIV/СПИН).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> Абсолютният брой на туберкулозни случаи („болестност“) прогресивно намалява от 2005 г. Новите случаи на туберкулоза (<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Заболеваемост">заболеваемост</a>) намаляват от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2002?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2002">2002</a> г.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011-4">[4]</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Китай">Китай</a> постига особено впечатляващ напредък. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Смъртност">Смъртността</a> в тази страна е намаляла с приблизително 80 % между <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1990?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1990">1990</a> и 2010 г.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011Control-50">[50]</a> Туберкулозата се среща по-често в развиващите се страни. Около 80 % от населението в много азиатски и африкански държави дава положителен резултат от туберкулиновите тестове, при само 5 – 10 % положителни резултати от тестовете сред населението на САЩ.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Експертите се надяват, че туберкулозата ще може да се контролира напълно. Въпреки това няколко фактора правят малко вероятен пълния контрол върху туберкулозата. Трудно е да се разработи ефикасна ваксина. Диагностицирането на заболяването е скъпо и отнема време. Лечението изисква много месеци. Все повече хора с HIV се заразяват с туберкулоза. Лекарствено резистентната туберкулоза се появява през 80-те години на 20 век.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:TB_incidence.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/TB_incidence.png/220px-TB_incidence.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1498" data-file-height="1000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/TB_incidence.png/220px-TB_incidence.png" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/TB_incidence.png/330px-TB_incidence.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/TB_incidence.png/440px-TB_incidence.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Годишен брой на новите отчетени случаи на туберкулоза. Данни на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Световната здравна организация">СЗО</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[51]</a> </figcaption> </figure> През 2007 г. държавата с най-висока заболеваемост от туберкулоза е <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Свазиленд">Свазиленд</a> с 1200 случая на 100 000 души. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Индия">Индия</a> е с най-голяма обща заболеваемост с отчетени 2 милиона нови случая.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2009-Epidemiology-3">[3]</a> В развитите държави туберкулозата се среща по-рядко, главно в градските райони. През 2010 г. случаите на туберкулоза на 100 000 души в различни места по света са били: общо за света – 178, Африка – 32, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Северна Америка">Северна</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Централна Америка">Централна</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Южна Америка">Южна Америка</a> – 36, Източното Средиземноморие – 173, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Европа">Европа</a> – 63, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Югоизточна Азия">Югоизточна Азия</a> – 278 и Западния тихоокеански регион – 139.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011Control-50">[50]</a> В <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Канада">Канада</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Австралия">Австралия</a> туберкулозата се среща много по-често сред <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Аборигени">аборигенните племена</a>, по-специално в отдалечените области.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53">[53]</a> В Съединените щати смъртността от туберкулоза при коренното население е пет пъти по-висока.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Туберкулозата при говедата е слабо разпространена в страните от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%95%D0%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ЕС">ЕС</a>. В някои от тях дори е напълно ликвидирана. В България случаите на туберкулоза при говедата са също единични. При <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Птици">птиците</a> заболяването е широко разпространено. Най-разпространена е сред популацията домашни птици отглеждани по екстензивен начин в малки лични стопанства. При свинете заболяването е слабо разпространено и е в пряка връзка от съвместното отглеждане с болни говеда и птици и отглеждането им от болни от туберкулоза стопани. При останалите домашни животни има спорадичен характер и се проявява с единични случаи. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Епидемиология">Епидемиология</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Епидемиология" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Рискови_фактори">Рискови фактори</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Рискови фактори" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Съществуват няколко фактора, които правят хората по-податливи на туберкулозни инфекции. Най-важният рисков фактор в световен мащаб е HIV – 13 % от всички случаи на туберкулоза са инфектирани с HIV.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2011-4">[4]</a> Този проблем е често срещан в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Субсахарска Африка">Субсахарска Африка</a>, където процентът заразени с HIV е висок.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Туберкулозата е тясно свързана с пренаселеността и лошото хранене. Тази връзка превръща заболяването в едно от водещите болести на бедността.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> С най-висок риск от заразяване са хора употребяващи <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Наркотици">наркотици</a>, жители и служители на места, където се събират лесно податливи на зараза хора (например затвори и подслони за бездомни), хора, които са бедни и нямат достъп до адекватни медицински грижи, високорискови етнически малцинства, деца в близък контакт с високорискови хора и здравните работници, които обслужват тези групи.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Griffith_1996-57">[57]</a> Хроничното белодробно заболяване е друг значителен рисков фактор. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Силикоза">Силикозата</a> например увеличава риска от около 30 пъти.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-table3-58">[58]</a> Тютюнопушещите са около два пъти по-рискови за заразяване в сравнение от непушачите.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Други болестни състояния също могат да увеличат риска от развиване на туберкулоза, включително <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Алкохолизъм">алкохолизъм</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Захарен диабет">захарен диабет</a> (тройно по-висок риск).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Някои лекарства, като <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Кортикостероиди">кортикостероиди</a> и инфликсимаб (анти-αTNF моноклонално <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Антитяло">антитяло</a>) стават все по-значими рискови фактори, особено в развития свят.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> Съществува също и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Генетична обремененост">генетична предразположеност</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61">[61]</a>, но учените все още не са определили доколко тя има значение.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Предаване">Предаване</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Предаване" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Когато хора с активна белодробна туберкулозна кашлица кихат, говорят, пеят или плюят те отделят заразни аерозолни капки с диаметър от 0,5 до 5 <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9Cm?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Μm">µm</a>. Само при едно кихане може да отделят до 40 000 микроскопични капчици.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cole_1998-62">[62]</a> Всяка от тях може да предаде заболяването, тъй като необходимото количество за заразяване с туберкулоза е много ниско. Човек може да се зарази дори ако е вдишал по-малко от 10 бактерии.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Хората в продължителен, чест или близък контакт с болни от туберкулоза са под висок риск от заразяване като процентът достига до 22 %.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ahmed_2011-64">[64]</a> Един човек с активна, но нелекувана туберкулоза може да зарази 10 – 15 (или повече) други хора на година.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2012data-2">[2]</a> Обикновено само хора с активна туберкулоза предават заболяването. Счита се, че хората с латентна инфекция не са заразни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Вероятността за предаване от един човек на друг зависи от няколко фактора. Тези фактори включват броя заразни капки, които отделя носителят на заразата, ефикасността на вентилацията на средата на съответните хора, продължителността на експозицията, вирулентността на микобактерията и нивото на имунитета на незаразения човек.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CDCcourse-65">[65]</a> За да се предотврати каскадата на разпространение от човек на човек, хората с активна (изразена) туберкулоза трябва да бъдат отделени и подложени на лечение. След около две седмици ефикасно лечение, хората с неустойчиви към антибиотици активни инфекции в общия случай не остават заразни за другите.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ahmed_2011-64">[64]</a> Ако някой все пак се зарази, обикновено отнема три до четири седмици, преди новозаразеният да стане достатъчно заразен, за да предаде заболяването на другите.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Възприемчивост">Възприемчивост</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Възприемчивост" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Заболеваемостта от туберкулоза варира според възрастта. В Африка заболяването засяга предимно хора на възраст между 12 и 18 години и млади хора в зряла възраст.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Въпреки това в държави, в които заболеваемостта е намаляла значително (като Съединените щати), туберкулозата е най-вече заболяване на по-възрастните хора и хората с отслабена имунна система.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68">[68]</a> При говедата болестта се причинява от Mycobacterium bovis. Заразяването с Mycobacterium tuberculosis не предизвиква заболяване, а само ограничени локални поражения в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Лимфен възел">лимфните възли</a> на храносмилателния канал. Говедата се заразяват и с Mycobacterium avium в случаите на съвместно отглеждане с птици, каквото доста често се наблюдава при екстензивното <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Животновъдство">животновъдство</a>. И в този случай не се предизвиква заболяване, а само единични изменения в лимфните възли на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Храносмилателна система">храносмилателната система</a>. Въпреки че последните два причинителя не предизвикват заболяване при говедата, те ги алергизират за известен период и е възможно да покажат положителна или неопределена (съмнителна) кожна реакция при алергично изследване с туберкулин. Туберкулозата при свинете се дължи и на трите причинителя като най-често боледуват от говеждия тип, по-рядко от птичия и най-рядко от човешкия. Домашните продуктивни птици боледуват от туберкулоза, причинена от Mycobacterium avium. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Папагал">Папагалите</a> и други птици, отглеждани като домашни любимци, биват заразявани от Mycobacterium tuberculosis. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кон">Конете</a> и дребният рогат добитък (<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D1%86%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Овце">овце</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кози">кози</a>) боледуват от туберкулоза, причинена от Mycobacterium bovis. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Куче">Кучетата</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Котка">котките</a> боледуват от туберкулоза, причинена от Mycobacterium bovis и Mycobacterium tuberculosis. От домашните животни най-възприемчиви са говедата и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Биволи">биволите</a>, по-слабо свинете последвани от коне, овце, кози, кучета и котки. От домашните птици най-чувствителни са <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кокошки">кокошките</a>, а <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Патици">патиците</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гъски">гъските</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гълъбови">гълъбите</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%BF%D1%8A%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пъдпъдък">пъдпъдъците</a> са устойчиви на заболяването. Диви и екзотични бозайници и птици, отглеждани при домашни условия, могат да бъдат опасен източник на заразяване за човека. Най-често това се случва при отглеждане на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Примати">примати</a> заловени от дивата природа или отглеждани и развъждани в неблагоприятни условия. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Патогенеза">Патогенеза</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Патогенеза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> Около 90 % от хората, които са заразени с Mycobacterium tuberculosis имат асимптоматични, латентни туберкулозни инфекции.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Book90-49">[49]</a> При тези хора шансът латентната инфекция да прогресира в изразена, активна туберкулоза, е само 10 %.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Arch2009-69">[69]</a> При хората с HIV рискът да развият активна туберкулозна инфекция се увеличава с почти 10 % на година.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Arch2009-69">[69]</a> Ако не се осигури ефикасно лечение, смъртността за случаите на активна туберкулоза е до 66 %.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO2012data-2">[2]</a> Туберкулозната инфекция започва, когато микобактериите достигнат белодробните <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Алвеоли">алвеоли</a>, където те навлизат и се размножават в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ендозома (страницата не съществува)">ендозомите</a> на алвеоларните <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Макрофаги">макрофаги</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Houben-70">[70]</a> Основното огнище на инфекцията в белите дробове, познато като огнище на Гон, се намира в горния или долния дял или в долната част на горния дял.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Туберкулозата в белите дробове може да се получи също и чрез инфекция от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кръвообращение">кръвния поток</a>, която е позната като огнище на Саймън. Инфекцията с огнище на Саймън обикновено се открива в горната част на белия дроб.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Това хематогенно предаване също може да разпространи инфекцията до по-отдалечени места, като периферните лимфни възли, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Бъбреци">бъбреците</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Мозък">мозъка</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кост">костите</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Herrmann_2005-72">[72]</a> Туберкулозата засяга всички части на тялото, макар че по неизвестни причини рядко засяга <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сърце">сърцето</a>, скелетните <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Мускули">мускули</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Панкреас">панкреаса</a> или <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A9%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Щитовидна жлеза">щитовидната жлеза</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Туберкулозата се класифицира като едно от грануломатозните възпалителни заболявания. Макрофагите, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="T-лимфоцит">T-лимфоцитите</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="B-лимфоцит">B-лимфоцитите</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Фибробласт (страницата не съществува)">фибробластите</a> са сред клетките, които се струпват, за да формират грануломи. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Лимфоцит">Лимфоцитите</a> заобикалят заразените макрофаги. Грануломата предотвратява разпространението на микобактериите и осигурява местна среда за взаимодействие между клетките на имунната система. Бактериите в грануломата могат да се превърнат в латентни, което води до латентна инфекция. Друга характеристика на грануломите е развитието на анормална смърт на клетките (<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Некроза">некроза</a>) в центъра на туберкулите. Наблюдавана с просто око тази некроза наподобява структурата на меко бяло сирене и се нарича казеозна некроза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Grosset-74">[74]</a> Бактериите на туберкулозата могат да навлязат в кръвния поток от участък с нарушена тъкан. Те могат да се разпространят в цялото тяло и да създадат много огнища на инфекцията, които се виждат като малки бели туберкули в тъканите.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Тази остра форма на туберкулозата се нарича милиарна туберкулоза. Тя се среща най-често при малки деца и хора с HIV.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Хората с тази дисеминирана туберкулоза са с висок процент на смъртност дори и при лечение (около 30 %).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Gho2008-77">[77]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-78">[78]</a> При много хора инфекцията се засилва и отслабва. Разрушаването на тъканите и некрозата често се компенсират със зарастване и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фиброза">фиброза</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Grosset-74">[74]</a> Засегнатата тъкан се заменя с ръбцова тъкан (сраствания) и каверни (кухини), изпълнени с казеозно-некротичен материал. По време на активното заболяване, някои от тези кухини се свързват към дихателните пътища <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бронхи">бронхи</a> и този материал може да бъде изкашлян. Този материал съдържа живи бактерии и може да разпространи инфекцията. Лечението с подходящи антибиотици убива бактериите и благоприятства лекуването. Когато заболяването бъде излекувано, засегнатите участъци се заменят от съседна тъкан.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Grosset-74">[74]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="Клинични_признаци">Клинични признаци</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Клинични признаци" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg/220px-Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1410" data-file-height="1250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 195px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg/220px-Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="195" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg/330px-Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg/440px-Tuberculosis_symptoms.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Основни симптоми на вариантите и етапите на туберкулозата.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Много от симптомите съвпадат с други варианти, докато други симптоми са по-специфични (но не изцяло) за определени варианти. Може да съществуват едновременно много варианти. </figcaption> </figure> Около 5 – 10 % от хората, които нямат ХИВ, но са заразени с туберкулоза развиват активна форма на заболяването през живота си.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pet2005-80">[80]</a> Обратно на това 30 % от хората, които са инфектирани с ХИВ и туберкулоза развиват активна форма на заболяването.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pet2005-80">[80]</a> Туберкулозата може да инфектира всяка част на тялото, но тя най-често прониква в белите дробове (позната като пулмонарна (белодробна) туберкулоза).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> Екстрапулмонарна туберкулоза се проявява, когато туберкулозата се развие извън белите дробове. Екстрапулмонарната туберкулоза може да съществува едновременно с пулмонарната.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> Първите симптоми за туберкулоза са обща отпадналост, лесна умора, безапетитие, поддържане на температура 37 – 38 °C, с продължително време (месеци), обилно нощно потене. Освен това болните се оплакват от студени тръпки, загуба на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Апетит">апетит</a> и телесно тегло, бърза умора.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> Може също да се появи значителна деформация на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пръст">пръстите</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pet2005-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Пулмонарна_форма">Пулмонарна форма</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Пулмонарна форма" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Ако туберкулозната инфекция се активира, тя засяга белите дробове при около 90 % от хората.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Симптомите може да включват болки в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гръден кош">гърдите</a> и продължителна кашлица с храчки. Около 25 % от хората нямат никакви симптоми (асимптоматични).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> Понякога болните храчат кръв в малки количества. В редки случаи инфекцията може да разруши стената на белодробната <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Артерия">артерия</a>, което води до масивен <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Кръвоизлив">кръвоизлив</a>, наречен <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Аневризъм на Расмунсен (страницата не съществува)">аневризъм на Расмунсен</a>. Туберкулозата може да стане хронично заболяване и да остави значителни следи в горните белодробни лобове. Най-често се засяга горната част на белите дробове.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> Причината за това не е напълно ясна.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Може би горната част на белите дробове се засяга повече заради по-добрия приток на въздух<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> или поради лош лимфен дренаж.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Екстрапулмонарна_форма">Екстрапулмонарна форма</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Екстрапулмонарна форма" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> При 15 – 20 % от активните случаи инфекцията се разпространява извън дихателните органи, което причинява други видове туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Туберкулозаната инфекция, чиито огнища са извън дихателните органи се нарича „екстрапулмонарна туберкулоза“.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Extra2005-83">[83]</a> Екстрапулмонарната туберкулоза се появява най-често при хора с потисната имунна система и при малки деца. Екстрапулмонарната форма се появява при повече от 50 % от хората, които имат HIV.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Extra2005-83">[83]</a> Главните местонахождения на екстрапулмонарна инфекция включват <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Плевра">плеврата</a> (при туберкулозен плеврит), <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%9D%D0%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ЦНС">централната нервна система</a> (при туберкулозен <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Менингит">менингит</a>) и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Лимфна система">лимфната система</a> (като <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Скрофулоза (страницата не съществува)">скрофулоза</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Врат">врата</a>). Екстрапулмонарната туберкулоза се проявява също и в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пикочно-полова система">пикочно-половата система</a> (като урогенитална туберкулоза) и в костите и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Стави">ставите</a> (като <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Болест на Пот (страницата не съществува)">болест на Пот</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гръбначен стълб">гръбначния стълб</a>), а също и на други места. Когато се разпростре до костите, тя е позната също и като „костна туберкулоза“,<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-84">[84]</a> която е форма на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Остеомиелит">остеомиелит</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins2-85">[85]</a> Една потенциално по-сериозна, широко разпространена форма на туберкулозата, се нарича „дисеминираната“ туберкулоза, позната като милиарна туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ID10-7">[7]</a> Милиарната туберкулоза съставлява 10 % от екстрапулмонарните случаи.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Gho2008-77">[77]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="Прогноза">Прогноза</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Прогноза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> Преминаването на туберкулозната инфекция изразено туберкулозно заболяване става, когато бацилите преодолеят защитата на имунната система и започнат да се размножават. При първично туберкулозно заболяване (около 1 – 5 % от случаите), това развитие се случва скоро след първоначалната инфекция.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Въпреки това в повечето случаи латентната инфекция протича без явни симптоми.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Тези скрити бацили произвеждат активна туберкулоза в 5 – 10 % от латентните случаи, като често това става много години след инфекцията.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Pet2005-80">[80]</a> Опасността от повторно активиране се увеличава при потисната имунна система, причинена например от инфекция с HIV. При хора, коинфектирани с Mycobacterium tuberculosis и HIV, опасността от повторно активиране нараства до 10 % на година.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Проучванията, които използват ДНК отпечатъци на щамове на Mycobacterium tuberculosis, сочат, че повторното инфектиране причинява повторно развиване на туберкулоза по-често, отколкото се считаше по-рано.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Повторните инфекции могат да възлизат на над 50 % от повторно активираните случаи в районите, където туберкулозата е често срещана.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Шансът за смъртност при туберкулоза е около 4 %, считано от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2008?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2008">2008</a> г. – при 8 % през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1995?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1995">1995</a> г.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="Патологоанатомични_изменения">Патологоанатомични изменения</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Патологоанатомични изменения" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 23px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" data-width="23" data-height="23" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> Този раздел е празен или е <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%26action%3Dedit">разширите</a>. </div> В резултат на възпалителния процес се образува специфичен туберкулозен гранулом наречен „туберкул“ от лимфоцити, епителоидни клетки, гигантски клетки тип Лангханс и централно разположена казеозна некроза. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="Диагноза">Диагноза</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Диагноза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:TB_in_sputum.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/TB_in_sputum.png/220px-TB_in_sputum.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2047" data-file-height="2047"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/TB_in_sputum.png/220px-TB_in_sputum.png" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/TB_in_sputum.png/330px-TB_in_sputum.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/TB_in_sputum.png/440px-TB_in_sputum.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Mycobacterium tuberculosis (<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BB_-_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Оцветяване по Циел - Нилсен (страницата не съществува)">оцветяване по Циел - Нилсен</a>) в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Храчка">храчка</a> </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Активна_туберкулоза">Активна туберкулоза</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Активна туберкулоза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Трудно е да се диагностицира активната туберкулоза въз основа само на признаци и симптоми.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-DiagP2011-88">[88]</a> Трудно е също заболяването да се диагностицира при хора, които са с потисната имунна система.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Clinic2009-89">[89]</a> Хората, които показват признаци на белодробно заболяване или конституционални симптоми, които продължават за период по-дълъг от две седмици е възможно обаче да са заразени с туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Clinic2009-89">[89]</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Рентгенография">Рентгенова снимка</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гръден кош">гръдния кош</a> и неколкократни посевки от храчки за киселиноустойчиви бацили обикновено са част от първоначалната оценка.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Clinic2009-89">[89]</a> Интерферон-гама базираните тестове (IGRA) и кожните проби с туберкулин не са от полза в развиващите се страни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-91">[91]</a> IGRA са с подобни ограничения и при хората с HIV.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Окончателна диагноза туберкулоза се поставя, когато се идентифицира Mycobacterium tuberculosis в клинична проба (например храчка, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гной">гной</a> или <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Биопсия">биопсия</a> на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Тъкан">тъкан</a>). Трудният процес на посявка за този организъм с бавен растеж обаче може да отнеме две до шест седмици за посявка от кръв или храчка.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Ето защо често лечението започва преди потвърждаване на посевките.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NICE2011-95">[95]</a> Тестовете за амплификация на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Нуклеинови киселини">нуклеинови киселини</a> и тестването на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Аденозин">аденозин</a> дезаминаза могат бързо да диагностицират туберкулозата.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-DiagP2011-88">[88]</a> Тези тестове обаче обикновено не се препоръчват, защото рядко променят начина на лечение на болния.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NICE2011-95">[95]</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Кръвни тестове">Кръвните тестове</a> за отчитане на антитела не са специфични или чувствителни и поради тази причина не се препоръчват.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Латентна_туберкулоза">Латентна туберкулоза</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Латентна туберкулоза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg/220px-Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1312"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 144px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg/220px-Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="144" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg/330px-Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg/440px-Mantoux_tuberculin_skin_test.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Туберкулинов кожен тест на Манту </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Проба на Манту">Туберкулинов кожен тест на Манту</a> се използва често за <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Скрининг">скрининг</a> на хора с висок риск за заболяване от туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Clinic2009-89">[89]</a> Възможно е хора, които са били имунизирани по-рано, да дадат фалшив положителен резултат от пробата.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Rothel_2005-97">[97]</a> Пробата може да е фалшиво отрицателна при хора със <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Саркоидоза (страницата не съществува)">саркоидоза</a>, <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Лимфом на Ходжкин">лимфом на Ходжкин</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Недохранване">недохранване</a>. Най-важното е, че пробата може да даде фалшив положителен резултат при хора с активна туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Robbins-5">[5]</a> Интерферон-гама тестовете на кръвна проба се препоръчват за хора с положителна проба на Манту.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NICE20112-98">[98]</a> Интерферон-гама тестовете не се влияят от имунизация или от повечето бактерии от околната среда, така че те много рядко дават фалшиви положителни резултати.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Но те са засегнати от M. szulgai, M. marinum и M. kansasii.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Интерферон-гама тестът може да увеличи чувствителността, когато се използва в допълнение към кожната проба. Използван самостоятелно обаче, интерферон-гама тестът може да е по-малко чувствителен от кожната проба.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-101">[101]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <h2 id="Лечение">Лечение</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Лечение" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> За лечението на туберкулоза се използват антибиотици, които унищожават бактериите. Ефикасното лечение на туберкулозата е трудно поради нетипичната структура и химически състав на микобактериалната <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Клетъчна стена">клетъчна стена</a>. Клетъчната стена отблъсква лекарствата и прави много от антибиотиците неефикасни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Двата най-често използвани антибиотика са изониазид и рифампицин, а лечението може да продължи с месеци.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CDCcourse-65">[65]</a> При лечението на латентна туберкулоза обикновено се прилага един антибиотик.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Latent2011-103">[103]</a> Активната форма на туберкулоза се лекува най-добре с комбинация от няколко антибиотика за намаляване на опасността бактериите да развият резистентност към антибиотици.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> Латентната инфекция се лекува и за предотвратяване на активна форма на туберкулоза на по-късен етап от живота.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Latent2011-103">[103]</a> СЗО препоръчва пряко наблюдавано лечение. При това лечение лекарите наблюдават как пациентите вземат лекарствата си. Целта е да се намали броят на хората, които не приемат правилно антибиотиците.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Въпреки това, доказателствата в подкрепа на пряко наблюдаваното лечение са оскъдни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Методите чрез напомняне на хората, че лечението е важно са ефикасни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Първоначална_проява">Първоначална проява</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Първоначална проява" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> От 2010 г. препоръчителното лечение при първоначална проява на белодробната туберкулоза е комбинация от антибиотици, приемана в продължение на шест месеца. През първите два месеца се приемат рифампицин, изониацид, пиразинамид и етамбутол. През следващите четири месеца се приема рифампицин и изониацид.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> При висока резистентност към изоцианид през последните четири месеца може да се приложи етамбутол.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Повторна_проява_на_заболяването">Повторна проява на заболяването</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Повторна проява на заболяването" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> При повторна проява на туберкулозата и преди определяне на лечението следва да се направи изследване на резистетността на заболяването към антибиотиците.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> Ако се открие туберкулоза с мултилекарствена резистентност (MDR-TB), се препоръчва лечение с най-малко четири ефикасни антибиотика за период от 18 – 24 месеца.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Лекарствена_резистентност">Лекарствена резистентност</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Лекарствена резистентност" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> Първична резистентност възниква, когато човек е инфектиран с резистентен щам на туберкулоза. Човек с напълно податлива туберкулоза може да развие вторична (придобита) резистентност по време на лечението. Даден пациент може да развие вторична резистентност поради неподходящо лечение, в случай че не е предписана съответната схема (липса на съответствие) или ако използва некачествени лекарства.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-OBrien-107">[107]</a> Лекарствено резистентната туберкулоза е сериозен проблем на общественото здраве в много развиващи се страни. Лечението на лекарствено резистентната туберкулоза е по-дълго и изисква по-скъпи лекарства. MDR-TB се определя като резистентност към двете най-ефикасни лекарства от първа линия за лечение на туберкулоза: рифампицин и изониацид. Екстензивно лекарствено резистентната туберкулоза е резистентна към три или повече от шестте класа лекарства от втора линия.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-MMWR2006-108">[108]</a> Напълно лекарствено резистентната туберкулоза е резистентна на всички използвани понастоящем лекарства. Напълно лекарствено резистентната туберкулоза е наблюдавана за първи път през <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2003?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2003">2003</a> г. в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Италия">Италия</a>, но до <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2012?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2012">2012</a> г. не се съобщава за голям брой случаи.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-109">[109]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <h2 id="Профилактика_и_борба">Профилактика и борба</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Профилактика и борба" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> Усилията, насочени към <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Профилактика (медицина)">профилактиката</a> и контрола на туберкулозата разчитат на ваксинация на децата и откриване на подходящо лечение за проявите на активното заболяване.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> Световната здравна организация е постигнала определен успех в подобряване на схемите на лечение. Отбелязва се слабо намаляване на броя на случаите.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Ваксини">Ваксини</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ваксини" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> От <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2011?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2011">2011</a> г. насам единствената налична ваксина е бацил на Калмет и Герен (БЦЖ). БЦЖ е ефикасна ваксина срещу разпространяването на заболяването в детска възраст, но не осигурява достатъчна защита срещу белодробната туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-110">[110]</a> И все пак това е най-широко използваната ваксина в света, като с нея са ваксинирани над 90 % от всички деца.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> След десет години обаче имунитетът, който тя дава, намалява.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> Туберкулозата не е често срещана в повечето части на Канада, Великобритания и Съединените щати, така че ваксината БЦЖ се прилага само при хора с висок риск от заболяването.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-UK06-113">[113]</a> Една от причините да не се използва ваксината е, че резултатите, които тя дава при кожен туберкулинов тест, са фалшиво положителни, което прави теста безполезен при проверка за това заболяване.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-UK06-113">[113]</a> Разработват се нови ваксини.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Обществено_здравеопазване">Обществено здравеопазване</h3> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Обществено здравеопазване" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1993?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1993">1993</a> г. Световната здравна организация обявява туберкулозата като „извънредна ситуация по отношение на здравеопазването в световен мащаб“.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> През <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2006?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2006">2006</a> г. в рамките на Инициативата за борба с туберкулозата (Stop TB Partnership) е разработен Глобален план за спиране на туберкулозата, чиято цел е спасяването на 14 милиона живота до <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2015?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2015">2015</a> г.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Редица от поставените цели вероятно няма да бъдат изпълнени до 2015 г., най-вече поради увеличаването на случаите на туберкулоза, свързана с HIV и появата на туберкулоза с мултилекарствена резистентност (MDR-TB).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lancet11-6">[6]</a> В обществените програми за <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Здравеопазване">здравеопазване</a> се използва система класификация на туберкулозата, разработена от Американското торакално общество.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-115">[115]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <h2 id="Общество_и_култура">Общество и култура</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Общество и култура" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> Световната здравна организация и Фондацията на Бил и Мелинда Гейтс субсидират нов бързодействащ диагностичен тест за страните с ниски и средни доходи.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Xpert2011-116">[116]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-117">[117]</a> До 2011 г. много бедни населени места все още имат достъп само до микроскопско изследване на храчка.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-118">[118]</a> През 2010 г. Индия е с най-голям общ брой случаи на туберкулоза в света. Една от причините е слабият контрол над заболяването от страна на частния сектор на здравеопазването. Програми като Ревизирана програма за национален контрол на туберкулозата помагат за намаляване на случаите на туберкулоза сред хората, получаващи обществени здравни грижи.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Bhargava-119">[119]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-120">[120]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <h2 id="Изследвания">Изследвания</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Изследвания" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> БЦЖ ваксината има известни ограничения и са в ход изследвания за разработване на нова ваксина против туберкулоза.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-VacRes2011-121">[121]</a> Няколко потенциални кандидата са в процес на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Клинично изпитване">фаза I и II на клинично изпитване</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-VacRes2011-121">[121]</a> Два основни подхода се опитват да подобрят ефикасността на съществуващите ваксини. Единият от тях включва добавяне на субединична ваксина към БЦЖ. Другата стратегия се опитва да създаде нови и по-добри живи ваксини.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-VacRes2011-121">[121]</a> MVA85A е пример за субединична ваксина, която се изпитва в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Южна Африка">Южна Африка</a>. MVA85A е базирана на генетично модифициран вакциния вирус.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ibanga_2006-122">[122]</a> Надеждата е, че ваксините ще изиграят решаваща роля в лечението на латентното и активното заболяване.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-123">[123]</a> За да се насърчават бъдещите открития, изследователите и политиците популяризират нови икономически модели за разработване на ваксини, включващи цени, данъчни стимули и предварителни търговски договорености.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Няколко групи са ангажирани с изследвания, включително и Партньорството за спиране на туберкулозата (Stop TB Partnership),<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Южноафриканската инициатива за туберкулозна ваксина и Световната фондация Aeras за ваксиниране за туберкулоза (Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation).<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Световната фондация Aeras за ваксиниране за туберкулоза получи дарение от повече от 280 милиона щатски долара от Фондацията на Бил и Мелинда Гейтс за разработване и лицензиране на подобрена ваксина срещу туберкулоза за страните с висока заболеваемост.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-129">[129]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"> <h2 id="Туберкулоза_при_животните">Туберкулоза при животните</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=30&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Туберкулоза при животните" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> Микобактериите заразяват много различни видове животни, включително птици,<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-130">[130]</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гризачи">гризачи</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-131">[131]</a> и <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Влечуги">влечуги</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Подвидовете на „микобактериум туберкулозис“ са рядко срещани сред дивите животни.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Сравнително успешно беше усилието за унищожаване на туберкулозата сред едрия рогат добитък, причинена от „микобактериум бовис“ (говежда микобактерия) сред говедата и стадата от <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Елени">елени</a> в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нова Зеландия">Нова Зеландия</a>.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-134">[134]</a> По-малко успешни бяха усилията във Великобритания.<a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-136">[136]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"> <h2 id="Известни_личности,_заболели_от_туберкулоза"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.2C_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.BE.D1.82_.D1.82.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B7.D0.B0">Известни личности, заболели от туберкулоза</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=31&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Известни личности, заболели от туберкулоза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <ul> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нелсън Мандела">Нелсън Мандела</a> – първия чернокож президент на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%90%D0%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ЮАР">ЮАР</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"> <h2 id="Известни_личности,_починали_от_туберкулоза"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.2C_.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.BE.D1.82_.D1.82.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B7.D0.B0">Известни личности, починали от туберкулоза</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=32&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Известни личности, починали от туберкулоза" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <ul> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Йордан Йовков">Йордан Йовков</a> – български писател</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сава Филаретов">Сава Филаретов</a> – български просветител</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Марин Дринов">Марин Дринов</a> – български историк</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Любен Каравелов">Любен Каравелов</a> – български поет</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Христо Смирненски">Христо Смирненски</a> – български поет</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Екатерина Ненчева">Екатерина Ненчева</a> – българска поетеса</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Луций Елий">Луций Елий</a> – римски император</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Джовани Батиста Перголези">Джовани Перголези</a> – италиански композитор, цигулар и органист</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B4_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Махмуд II">Махмуд II</a> – султан на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Османската империя">Османската империя</a></li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE_XII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Алфонсо XII">Алфонсо XII</a> – крал на <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Испания">Испания</a></li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фридрих Шилер">Фридрих Шилер</a> – немски поет, историк и драматург</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Луи Брайл">Луи Брайл</a> – създател на азбуката за незрящи</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фредерик Шопен">Фредерик Шопен</a> – полски композитор</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Симон Боливар">Симон Боливар</a> – латиноамерикански революционер и политик</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Джоузеф Конрад">Джоузеф Конрад</a> – британски писател</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хенри Дейвид Торо">Хенри Дейвид Торо</a> – американски писател</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Франц Кафка">Франц Кафка</a> – австрийски писател</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Антон Павлович Чехов">Антон Павлович Чехов</a> – руски писател и драматург</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Максим Горки">Максим Горки</a> – руски писател</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%84?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Иля Илф">Иля Илф</a> – руски писател-сатирик.</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гаврило Принцип">Гаврило Принцип</a> – босненски сърбин, убил австрийския ерцхерцог <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Франц Фердинанд">Франц Фердинанд</a></li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Дан Колов">Дан Колов</a> или Дончо Колев Данев – първият български кечист</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Джон Кийтс">Джон Кийтс</a> – английски писател – романтик</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Владимир Дьомин">Владимир Дьомин</a> – съветски футболист</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Георги Раковски">Георги Раковски</a> – български революционер</li> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Васил Априлов">Васил Априлов</a> - български дарител</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(17)"> <h2 id="Бележки">Бележки</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=33&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Бележки" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-17 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-17"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AP-1"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-AP_1-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Konstantinos A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/33/1/12/18/">Testing for tuberculosis</a> // Australian Prescriber 33 (1). 2010. с. 12 – 18.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-WHO2012data-2">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2012data_2-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2012data_2-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2012data_2-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2012data_2-3">г</a> <cite id="CITEREF[[World_Health_Organization]]November_2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20100102012905/http://who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/index.html">Tuberculosis Fact sheet N°104</a> // <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Health_Organization?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, November 2010. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/index.html">оригинала</a> на 2010-01-02. Посетен на 26 юли 2011.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-WHO2009-Epidemiology-3">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2009-Epidemiology_3-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2009-Epidemiology_3-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2009-Epidemiology_3-2">в</a> <cite id="CITEREF2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">World Health Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://who.int/entity/tb/publications/global_report/2009/pdf/chapter1.pdf">Epidemiology</a> // Global tuberculosis control: epidemiology, strategy, financing. 2009. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789241563802?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-92-4-156380-2</a>. с. 6 – 33. Посетен на 12 ноември 2009.</cite>[<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot"><abbr title="Поставено от InternetArchiveBot – февруари 2021">неработеща препратка</abbr></a>]</li> <li id="cite_note-WHO2011-4">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011_4-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011_4-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011_4-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011_4-3">г</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011_4-4">д</a> <cite id="CITEREF2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">World Health Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20120110052841/http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2011/gtbr11_executive_summary.pdf">The sixteenth global report on tuberculosis</a> // 2011. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2011/gtbr11_executive_summary.pdf">оригинала</a> на 2012-01-10.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Robbins-5">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-3">г</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-4">д</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-5">е</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-6">ж</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-7">з</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-8">и</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-9">к</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-10">л</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-11">м</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-12">н</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-13">о</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins_5-14">п</a> <cite id="CITEREFSaunders_Elsevier2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson; & Mitchell, Richard N. Robbins Basic Pathology. 8th. Saunders Elsevier, 2007. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781416029731?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1</a>. с. 516 – 522.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Lancet11-6">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-3">г</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-4">д</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-5">е</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-6">ж</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-7">з</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-8">и</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-9">к</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-10">л</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-11">м</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-12">н</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-13">о</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-14">п</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-15">р</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-16">с</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-17">т</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-18">у</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-19">ф</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Lancet11_6-20">х</a> <cite id="CITEREFLawn2_юли_2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Lawn, SD и др. Tuberculosis // Lancet 378 (9785). 2 юли 2011. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62173-3">10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62173-3</a>. с. 57 – 72.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-ID10-7">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-3">г</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-4">д</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-5">е</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-6">ж</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ID10_7-7">з</a> <cite id="CITEREFDolin2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Dolin, [edited by] Gerald L. Mandell, John E. Bennett, Raphael. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. 7th. Philadelphia, PA, Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780443068393?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-443-06839-3</a>. с. Chapter 250.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSouthwick2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Southwick, Frederick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://pharma-books.blogspot.com/2009/01/infectious-disease-clinical-short.html">Infectious Diseases: A Clinical Short Course, 2nd ed.</a> McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, 2007. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0071477225?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0071477225</a>. с. 313 – 314.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Cox_2004-9"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cox_2004_9-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2004" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Cox R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310194715/http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/150/5/1413?view%3Dlong%26pmid%3D15133103%23R35">Quantitative relationships for specific growth rates and macromolecular compositions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and Escherichia coli B/r: an integrative theoretical approach</a> // Microbiology 150 (Pt 5). 2004. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26560-0">10.1099/mic.0.26560-0</a>. с. 1413 – 1426. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/150/5/1413?view%3Dlong%26pmid%3D15133103%23R35">оригинала</a> на 2007-03-10.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Niederweis2010-10"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Niederweis2010_10-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFМарт_2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Niederweis M, Danilchanka O, Huff J, Hoffmann C, Engelhardt H. Mycobacterial outer membranes: in search of proteins // Trends in Microbiology 18 (3). Март 2010. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2009.12.005">10.1016/j.tim.2009.12.005</a>. с. 109 – 16.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Madison_2001-11">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Madison_2001_11-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Madison_2001_11-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREF2001" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Madison B. Application of stains in clinical microbiology // Biotech Histochem 76 (3). 2001. 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Посетен на 2009-03-26.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">↑</a> Katharine Mary Briggs, An Encyclopedia of Fairies „Consumption“ (Pantheon Books, 1976) p. 80. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/039473467X?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-394-73467-X</a></li> <li id="cite_note-StudiesLiteraryImagination-Clark-30"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-StudiesLiteraryImagination-Clark_30-0">↑</a> Lawlor, Clark. „Transatlantic Consumptions: Disease, Fame and Literary Nationalism in the Davidson Sisters, Southey, and Poe“. Studies in the Literary Imagination, Fall 2003. Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3822/is_200310/ai_n9310101">findarticles.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924131154/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3822/is_200310/ai_n9310101/">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2010-09-24 в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>..</li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a> Y. A. Al-Sharrah (2003), „The Arab Tradition of Medical Education and its Relationship with the European Tradition“, Prospects 33 (4), Springer.</li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">↑</a> George Sarton, Introduction to the History of Science. (cf. Dr. A. Zahoor and Dr. Z. Haq (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cyberistan.org/islamic/Introl1.html">Quotations From Famous Historians of Science</a>, Cyberistan.)</li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">↑</a> David W. Tschanz, MSPH, PhD (August 2003). „Arab Roots of European Medicine“, Heart Views 4 (2).</li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">↑</a> Pliny the Elder, Natural History, quoted at <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Naphtali Lewis, Meyer Reinhold. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.com/books?id%3DGO8tcTpgj-0C">Roman Civilization</a></cite></li> <li id="cite_note-WhoNamedIt-Calmette-35"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WhoNamedIt-Calmette_35-0">↑</a> Who Named It? <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2413.html">Léon Charles Albert Calmette</a>. Посетен на 6 октомври 2006.</li> <li id="cite_note-MedHist1970-Trail-36"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-MedHist1970-Trail_36-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF1970" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Trail R. Richard Morton (1637 – 1698) // Med Hist 14 (2). 1970. с. 166 – 74.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-37">↑</a> Zur Pathogenie der Impetigines. Auszug aus einer brieflichen Mitteilung an den Herausgeber. [Müller’s] Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie und wissenschaftliche Medicin. 1839, page 82.</li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://edition.cnn.com/2004/TRAVEL/DESTINATIONS/02/26/mammoth.cave.ap/index.html">Kentucky: Mammoth Cave long on history</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921190215/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/TRAVEL/DESTINATIONS/02/26/mammoth.cave.ap/index.html">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2008-09-21 в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CNN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 27 февруари 2004. Посетен на 8 октомври 2006.</li> <li id="cite_note-sanatoria-39"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-sanatoria_39-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2001" class="book" style="font-style:normal">McCarthy OR. The key to the sanatoria // J R Soc Med 94 (8). 2001. с. 413 – 7.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-40">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/608235/tuberculosis/253299/Tuberculosis-through-history">Tuberculosis through history</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica.</li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-41">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.webcitation.org/6GCwhaHD6?url%3Dhttp://birdflubook.com/a.php?id%3D40">Torrey EF and Yolken RH. 2005. Their bugs are worse than their bite. Washington Post, 3 април p. B01.</a>, архив на <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://birdflubook.com/a.php?id%3D40%26t%3Dp">оригинала</a> от 28 април 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.webcitation.org/6GCwhaHD6?url%3Dhttp://birdflubook.com/a.php?id%3D40">https://www.webcitation.org/6GCwhaHD6?url=http://birdflubook.com/a.php?id=40</a>, посетен на 2 май 2009<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Torrey+EF+and+Yolken+RH.+2005.+Their+bugs+are+worse+than+their+bite.+Washington+Post%2C+3+%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB+p.+B01.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webcitation.org%2F6GCwhaHD6%3Furl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fbirdflubook.com%2Fa.php%3Fid%3D40&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-42">↑</a> Nobel Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1905/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905.</a> Посетен на 7 октомври 2006.</li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-43">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHealth_Protection_Agency_Centre_for_Infections21_март_2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hpa.org.uk/infections/topics_AZ/tb/epidemiology/table1.htm">Tuberculosis — Respiratory and Non-respiratory Notifications, England and Wales, 1913 – 2005</a> // Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 21 март 2007. Посетен на 1 август 2007.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-44">↑</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Health_Organization?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/tb/hiv/faq/en/index.html">Frequently asked questions about TB and HIV</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127024608/http://www.who.int/tb/hiv/faq/en/index.html">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2012-01-27 в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Посетен на 6 октомври 2006.</li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-45">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2009/tuberculosis_drug_resistant_20090402/en/index.html">Health ministers to accelerate efforts against drug-resistant TB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233727/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2009/tuberculosis_drug_resistant_20090402/en/index.html">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2013-12-30 в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. World Health Organization.</li> <li id="cite_note-WHO2009-Burden-46"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2009-Burden_46-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">World Health Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2009/annex_3/en/index.html">The Stop TB Strategy, case reports, treatment outcomes and estimates of TB burden</a> // Global tuberculosis control: epidemiology, strategy, financing. 2009. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789241563802?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-92-4-156380-2</a>. с. 187 – 300. Посетен на 14 ноември 2009.</cite> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091119022738/http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2009/annex_3/en/index.html">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2009-11-19 в <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li id="cite_note-WHO2002-47"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2002_47-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2002" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20020907125350/http://www.who.int:80/mediacentre/factsheets/who104/en/print.html">Tuberculosis</a> // World Health Organization. 2002. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/who104/en/print.html">оригинала</a> на 2002-09-07.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-CDC-48"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-CDC_48-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFCenters_for_Disease_Control20_юни_2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/general/LTBIandActiveTB.htm">Fact Sheets: The Difference Between Latent TB Infection and Active TB Disease</a> // Centers for Disease Control, 20 юни 2011. Посетен на 26 юли 2011.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Book90-49">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Book90_49-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Book90_49-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREFSkolnik2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Skolnik, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DsBQRpj4uWmYC%26pg%3DPA253">Global health 101</a>. 2nd ed. Burlington, MA, Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2011. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780763797515?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7637-9751-5</a>. с. 253.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-WHO2011Control-50">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011Control_50-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011Control_50-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO2011Control_50-2">в</a> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20111216180206/http://www.who.int:80/tb/publications/global_report/2011/gtbr11_full.pdf">Global Tuberculosis Control 2011</a> // World Health Organization. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2011/gtbr11_full.pdf">оригинала</a> на 2011-12-16. Посетен на 15 април 2012.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">↑</a> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">World Health Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20081225050745/http://www.who.int:80/tb/publications/global_report/2008/annex_3/en/index.html">WHO report 2008: Global tuberculosis control</a> // Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2008/annex_3/en/index.html">оригинала</a> на 2008-12-25. Посетен на 13 април 2009.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-52">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFFitzGerald2000_Feb_8" class="book" style="font-style:normal">FitzGerald, JM и др. Tuberculosis: 13. Control of the disease among aboriginal people in Canada. // CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne 162 (3). 2000 Feb 8. с. 351 – 5.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFAcademic_Press2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Quah, Stella R.; Carrin, Guy; Buse, Kent; Kristian Heggenhougen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DIEXUrc0tr1wC%26pg%3DPA424">Health Systems Policy, Finance, and Organization</a>. Boston, Academic Press, 2009. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0123750873?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-12-375087-3</a>. с. 424.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Anne-Emanuelle Birn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3D2XBB4-eYGZIC%26pg%3DPT261">Textbook of International Health: Global Health in a Dynamic World</a>. 2009. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780199885213?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780199885213</a>. с. 261.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">↑</a> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">World Health Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20060107022447/http://www.who.int:80/tb/publications/global_report/en/index.html">Global tuberculosis control–surveillance, planning, financing WHO Report 2006</a> // Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/index.html">оригинала</a> на 2006-01-07. Посетен на 13 октомври 2006.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFChaisson13_март_2008" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Chaisson, RE и др. Tuberculosis in Africa--combating an HIV-driven crisis // The New England Journal of Medicine 358 (11). 13 март 2008. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp0800809">10.1056/NEJMp0800809</a>. с. 1089 – 92.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Griffith_1996-57"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Griffith_1996_57-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF1996" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Griffith D, Kerr C. Tuberculosis: disease of the past, disease of the present // J Perianesth Nurs 11 (4). 1996. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1089-9472(96)80023-2">10.1016/S1089-9472(96)80023-2</a>. с. 240 – 5.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-table3-58"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-table3_58-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFЮни_200" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4906a1.htm%23tab3">Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. American Thoracic Society</a> // MMWR Recomm Rep 49 (RR–6). Юни 200. с. 1 – 51.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-59">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFvan_Zyl_Smit2010_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">van Zyl Smit, RN и др. Global lung health: the colliding epidemics of tuberculosis, tobacco smoking, HIV and COPD. // The European respiratory journal: official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology 35 (1). 2010 Jan. с. 27 – 33. These analyses indicate that smokers are almost twice as likely to be infected with TB and to progress to active disease (RR of ∼1.5 for latent TB infection (LTBI) and RR of ∼2.0 for TB disease). Smokers are also twice as likely to die from TB (RR of ∼2.0 for TB mortality), but data are difficult to interpret because of heterogeneity in the results across studies.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFRestrepo15_август_2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Restrepo, BI. Convergence of the tuberculosis and diabetes epidemics: renewal of old acquaintances // Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 45 (4). 15 август 2007. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/519939">10.1086/519939</a>. с. 436 – 8.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-61">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMöller2010_Mar" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Möller, M и др. Current findings, challenges and novel approaches in human genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis // Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) 90 (2). 2010 Mar. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.002">10.1016/j.tube.2010.02.002</a>. с. 71 – 83.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Cole_1998-62"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cole_1998_62-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF1998" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Cole E, Cook C. Characterization of infectious aerosols in health care facilities: an aid to effective engineering controls and preventive strategies // Am J Infect Control 26 (4). 1998. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70046-X">10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70046-X</a>. с. 453 – 64.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-63">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Nicas M, Nazaroff WW, Hubbard A. Toward understanding the risk of secondary airborne infection: emission of respirable pathogens // J Occup Environ Hyg 2 (3). 2005. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620590918466">10.1080/15459620590918466</a>. с. 143 – 54.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmed_2011-64">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Ahmed_2011_64-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Ahmed_2011_64-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREF2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Ahmed N, Hasnain S. Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in India: Moving forward with a systems biology approach // Tuberculosis 91 (5). 2011. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2011.03.006">10.1016/j.tube.2011.03.006</a>. с. 407 – 3.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-CDCcourse-65">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-CDCcourse_65-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-CDCcourse_65-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREF[[Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention]]_(CDC),_Division_of_Tuberculosis_Elimination2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/tb/education/corecurr/pdf/corecurr_all.pdf">Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis: What the Clinician Should Know</a> // <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC), Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, 2011.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-66">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMayo_Clinic21_декември_2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20060902005011/http://www.mayoclinic.com:80/health/tuberculosis/DS00372/DSECTION%3D3">Causes of Tuberculosis</a> // Mayo Clinic, 21 декември 2006. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/tuberculosis/DS00372/DSECTION%3D3">оригинала</a> на 2006-09-02. Посетен на 19 октомври 2007.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-67">↑</a> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">World Health Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20060716135331/http://www.who.int:80/tb/publications/global_report/2006/pdf/full_report_correctedversion.pdf">Global Tuberculosis Control Report, 2006 – Annex 1 Profiles of high-burden countries (PDF)</a> // Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2006/pdf/full_report_correctedversion.pdf">оригинала</a> на 2006-07-16. Посетен на 13 октомври 2006.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-68">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF12_септември_2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/tb/pubs/slidesets/surv/surv2005/default.htm">2005 Surveillance Slide Set</a> // 12 септември 2006. Посетен на 13 октомври 2006.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Arch2009-69">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Arch2009_69-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Arch2009_69-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREFeditors2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">editors, Arch G. Mainous III, Claire Pomeroy,. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DhwVFAPLYznsC%26pg%3DPA74">Management of antimicrobials in infectious diseases: impact of antibiotic resistance.</a> 2nd rev. ed. Totowa, N.J., Humana, 2009. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781603272384?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-60327-238-4</a>. с. 74.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Houben-70"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Houben_70-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Houben E, Nguyen L, Pieters J. Interaction of pathogenic mycobacteria with the host immune system // Curr Opin Microbiol 9 (1). 2006. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2005.12.014">10.1016/j.mib.2005.12.014</a>. с. 76 – 85.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-71">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFKhan2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Khan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DgERCc6KTxwoC%26pg%3DPA401">Essence Of Paediatrics</a>. Elsevier India, 2011. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9788131228043?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-312-2804-3</a>. с. 401.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Herrmann_2005-72"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Herrmann_2005_72-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Herrmann J, Lagrange P. Dendritic cells and Mycobacterium tuberculosis: which is the Trojan horse? // Pathol Biol (Paris) 53 (1). 2005. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2004.01.004">10.1016/j.patbio.2004.01.004</a>. с. 35 – 40.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-73">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Agarwal R, Malhotra P, Awasthi A, Kakkar N, Gupta D. Tuberculous dilated cardiomyopathy: an under-recognized entity? // BMC Infect Dis 5 (1). 2005. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-5-29">10.1186/1471-2334-5-29</a>. с. 29.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Grosset-74">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Grosset_74-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Grosset_74-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Grosset_74-2">в</a> <cite id="CITEREF2003" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Grosset J. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Extracellular Compartment: an Underestimated Adversary // Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47 (3). 2003. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.47.3.833-836.2003">10.1128/AAC.47.3.833-836.2003</a>. с. 833 – 6.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-75">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFCrowley2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Crowley, Leonard V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DTEiuWP4z_QIC%26pg%3DPA374">An introduction to human disease: pathology and pathophysiology correlations</a>. 8th ed. Sudbury, Mass., Jones and Bartlett, 2010. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780763765910?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7637-6591-0</a>. с. 374.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-76">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFAnthony2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Anthony, Harries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3D8dfhwKaCSxkC%26pg%3DPA75">TB/HIV a Clinical Manual.</a> 2nd. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2005. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789241546348?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-92-4-154634-8</a>. с. 75.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Gho2008-77">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Gho2008_77-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Gho2008_77-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREFGhosh2008" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Ghosh, editors-in-chief, Thomas M. Habermann, Amit K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DYJtodBwNxokC%26pg%3DPA789">Mayo Clinic internal medicine: concise textbook</a>. Rochester, MN, Mayo Clinic Scientific Press, 2008. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781420067491?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4200-6749-1</a>. с. 789.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFJacob2009_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Jacob, JT и др. Acute forms of tuberculosis in adults. // The American journal of medicine 122 (1). 2009 Jan. с. 12 – 7.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-79">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFeMedicine_Health15_януари_2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Schiffman G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.emedicinehealth.com/tuberculosis/page3_em.htm">Tuberculosis Symptoms</a> // eMedicine Health, 15 януари 2009.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Pet2005-80">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pet2005_80-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pet2005_80-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pet2005_80-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Pet2005_80-3">г</a> <cite id="CITEREFal].2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">al]., edited by Peter G. Gibson; section editors, Michael Abramson... [et. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DsDIKJ1s9wEQC%26pg%3DPA321">Evidence-based respiratory medicine</a>. 1. publ. Oxford, Blackwell, 2005. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780727916051?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7279-1605-1</a>. с. 321.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFBehera2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Behera, D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20130718191441/http://books.google.ca/books?id%3D0TbJjd9eTp0C%26pg%3DPA457">Textbook of pulmonary medicine</a>. 2nd ed. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub., 2010. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9788184487497?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-8448-749-7</a>. с. 457. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3D0TbJjd9eTp0C%26pg%3DPA457">оригинала</a> на 2013-07-18.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFJindal" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Jindal, editor-in-chief SK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DEvGTw3wn-zEC%26pg%3DPA549">Textbook of pulmonary and critical care medicine</a>. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789350250730?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-93-5025-073-0</a>. с. 549.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Extra2005-83">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Extra2005_83-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Extra2005_83-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREF2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Golden MP, Vikram HR. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an overview // American family physician 72 (9). 2005. с. 1761 – 8.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-84">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFKabra2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Kabra, [edited by] Vimlesh Seth, S.K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20130718195631/http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DHkH0YbyBHDQC%26pg%3DPA249">Essentials of tuberculosis in children</a>. 3rd ed. New Delhi, Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers, 2006. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9788180617096?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-8061-709-6</a>. с. 249. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DHkH0YbyBHDQC%26pg%3DPA249">оригинала</a> на 2013-07-18.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Robbins2-85"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Robbins2_85-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSaunders_Elsevier2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Mitchell RN. Robbins Basic Pathology. 8th. Saunders Elsevier, 2007. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781416029731?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1</a>. с. 516 – 522.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2003" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Lambert M и др. Recurrence in tuberculosis: relapse or reinfection? // Lancet Infect Dis 3 (5). 2003. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00607-8">10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00607-8</a>. с. 282 – 7.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFWang15_юли_2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Wang, JY и др. Prediction of the tuberculosis reinfection proportion from the local incidence // The Journal of infectious diseases 196 (2). 15 юли 2007. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/518898">10.1086/518898</a>. с. 281 – 8.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-DiagP2011-88">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-DiagP2011_88-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-DiagP2011_88-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREFBento2011_Jan-Feb" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Bento, J и др. [Diagnostic tools in tuberculosis]. // Acta medica portuguesa 24 (1). 2011 Jan-Feb. с. 145 – 54.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Clinic2009-89">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Clinic2009_89-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Clinic2009_89-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Clinic2009_89-2">в</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Clinic2009_89-3">г</a> <cite id="CITEREFEscalante2009_Jun_2" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Escalante, P. In the clinic. Tuberculosis. // Annals of internal medicine 150 (11). 2009 Jun 2. с. ITC61-614; quiz ITV616.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-90">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMetcalfe2011_Nov_15" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Metcalfe, JZ и др. Interferon-γ release assays for active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in adults in low – and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. // The Journal of infectious diseases 204 Suppl 4. 2011 Nov 15. с. S1120-9.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSester2011_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Sester, M и др. Interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. // The European respiratory journal: official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology 37 (1). 2011 Jan. с. 100 – 11.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-92">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFChen2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Chen, J и др. Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. // PloS one 6 (11). 2011. с. e26827.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-93">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSester2011_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Sester, M и др. Interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. // The European respiratory journal: official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology 37 (1). 2011 Jan. с. 100 – 11.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-94">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFDiseases2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Diseases, Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DCFPpcCef4yQC%26pg%3DPA36">Diagnostics for tuberculosis: global demand and market potential.</a> Geneva, World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, 2006. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789241563307?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-92-4-156330-7</a>. с. 36.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-NICE2011-95">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NICE2011_95-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NICE2011_95-1">б</a> National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG117">Clinical guideline 117: Tuberculosis</a>. London, 2011.</li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSteingart2011_Aug" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Steingart, KR и др. Commercial serological tests for the diagnosis of active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. // PLoS medicine 8 (8). 2011 Aug. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001062">10.1371/journal.pmed.1001062</a>. с. e1001062.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Rothel_2005-97"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Rothel_2005_97-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Rothel J, Andersen P. Diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: is the demise of the Mantoux test imminent? // Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 3 (6). 2005. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14787210.3.6.981">10.1586/14787210.3.6.981</a>. с. 981 – 93.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-NICE20112-98"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NICE20112_98-0">↑</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:NICE&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Шаблон:NICE (страницата не съществува)">Шаблон:NICE</a></li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-99">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2008" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Pai M, Zwerling A, Menzies D. Systematic Review: T-Cell–based Assays for the Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: An Update // Ann. Intern. Med. 149 (3). 2008. с. 1 – 9.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFJindal" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Jindal, editor-in-chief SK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DrAT1bdnDakAC%26pg%3DPA544">Textbook of pulmonary and critical care medicine</a>. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789350250730?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-93-5025-073-0</a>. с. 544.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-101">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFAmicosante2010_Apr" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Amicosante, M и др. 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DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.000333">10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.000333</a>. с. 29 – 63.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Latent2011-103">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Latent2011_103-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Latent2011_103-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREFMenzies2011_Mar" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Menzies, D и др. Recent developments in treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. // The Indian journal of medical research 133. 2011 Mar. с. 257 – 66.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-104">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHumana_Pr2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Arch G., III Mainous. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DhwVFAPLYznsC%26pg%3DPA69">Management of Antimicrobials in Infectious Diseases: Impact of Antibiotic Resistance</a>. Humana Pr, 2010. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1603272380?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-60327-238-0</a>. с. 69.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-105">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Volmink J, Garner P. Directly observed therapy for treating tuberculosis // Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4). 2007. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003343.pub3">10.1002/14651858.CD003343.pub3</a>. с. CD003343.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-106">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFLiu2008_Oct_8" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Liu, Q и др. Reminder systems and late patient tracers in the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. // Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (4). 2008 Oct 8. с. CD006594.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-OBrien-107"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-OBrien_107-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF1994" class="book" style="font-style:normal">O'Brien R. Drug-resistant tuberculosis: etiology, management and prevention // Semin Respir Infect 9 (2). 1994. с. 104 – 12.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-MMWR2006-108"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-MMWR2006_108-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5511a2.htm">Emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with extensive resistance to second-line drugs—worldwide, 2000 – 2004</a> // MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 55 (11). 2006. с. 301 – 5.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFWired12_януари_2012" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Maryn McKenna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/01/tdr-first-italy/">Totally Resistant TB: Earliest Cases in Italy</a> // Wired, 12 януари 2012. Посетен на 12 януари 2012.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-110">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcShane12_октомври_2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">McShane, H. Tuberculosis vaccines: beyond bacille Calmette–Guérin // Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 366 (1579). 12 октомври 2011. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0097">10.1098/rstb.2011.0097</a>. с. 2782 – 9.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-111">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFCenters_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20111117140855/http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/vaccines/">Vaccine and Immunizations: TB Vaccine (BCG)</a> // Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/vaccines/">оригинала</a> на 2011-11-17. Посетен на 26 юли 2011.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-112">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFСептември_2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330042719/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/tbpc-latb/bcgvac_1206-eng.php">BCG Vaccine Usage in Canada – Current and Historical</a> // Public Health Agency of Canada. Септември 2010. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/tbpc-latb/bcgvac_1206-eng.php">оригинала</a> на 2012-03-30. Посетен на 30 декември 2011.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-UK06-113">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-UK06_113-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-UK06_113-1">б</a> <cite id="CITEREFTeo2006_Jun" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Teo, SS и др. Does BCG have a role in tuberculosis control and prevention in the United Kingdom? // Archives of Disease in Childhood 91 (6). 2006 Jun. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.085043">10.1136/adc.2005.085043</a>. с. 529 – 31.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-114">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF[[World_Health_Organization]]2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stoptb.org/global/plan/">The Global Plan to Stop TB</a> // <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Health_Organization?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, 2011. Посетен на 13 юни 2011.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-115">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFWarrell2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Warrell, ed. by D. J. Weatherall... [4. + 5. ed.] ed. by David A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DEhjX517cGVsC%26pg%3DPA560">Sections 1 – 10.</a> 4. ed., paperback. Oxford [u.a.], Oxford Univ. Press, 2005. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780198570141?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-857014-1</a>. с. 560.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Xpert2011-116"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Xpert2011_116-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFLawn2011_Sep" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Lawn, SD и др. Xpert® MTB/RIF assay: development, evaluation and implementation of a new rapid molecular diagnostic for tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. // Future microbiology 6 (9). 2011 Sep. с. 1067 – 82.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-117">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF8_декември_2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6B71RF20101208">WHO says Cepheid rapid test will transform TB care</a> // Reuters. 8 декември 2010.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-118">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFLienhardt2011_Nov" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Lienhardt, C и др. What research is needed to stop TB? Introducing the TB Research Movement. // PLoS medicine 8 (11). 2011 Nov. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001135">10.1371/journal.pmed.1001135</a>. с. e1001135.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Bhargava-119"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Bhargava_119-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2011" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Anurag Bhargava, Lancelot Pinto, Madhukar Pai. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112192507/http://www.hypothesisjournal.com/?p%3D989">Mismanagement of tuberculosis in India: Causes, consequences, and the way forward</a> // Hypothesis 9 (1). 2011. с. e7. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hypothesisjournal.com/?p%3D989">оригинала</a> на 2020-01-12. Посетен на 2014-07-23.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-120">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFAmdekar2009_Jul" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Amdekar, Y. Changes in the management of tuberculosis. // Indian journal of pediatrics 76 (7). 2009 Jul. с. 739 – 42.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-VacRes2011-121">↑ <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-VacRes2011_121-0">а</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-VacRes2011_121-1">б</a> <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-VacRes2011_121-2">в</a> <cite id="CITEREFMartín_Montañés2011_Mar" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Martín Montañés, C и др. New tuberculosis vaccines. // Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica 29 Suppl 1. 2011 Mar. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0213-005X(11)70019-2">10.1016/S0213-005X(11)70019-2</a>. с. 57 – 62.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-Ibanga_2006-122"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Ibanga_2006_122-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Ibanga H, Brookes R, Hill P, Owiafe P, Fletcher H, Lienhardt C, Hill A, Adegbola R, McShane H. Early clinical trials with a new tuberculosis vaccine, MVA85A, in tuberculosis-endemic countries: issues in study design // Lancet Infect Dis 6 (8). 2006. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70552-7">10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70552-7</a>. с. 522 – 8.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-123">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Kaufmann SH. Future vaccination strategies against tuberculosis: Thinking outside the box // Immunity 33 (4). 2010. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2010.09.015">10.1016/j.immuni.2010.09.015</a>. с. 567 – 77.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-124">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2001" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Webber D, Kremer M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926012031/http://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/79(8)735.pdf">Stimulating Industrial R&D for Neglected Infectious Diseases: Economic Perspectives</a> // Bulletin of the World Health Organization 79 (8). 2001. с. 693 – 801. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/79(8)735.pdf">оригинала</a> на 2007-09-26.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-125">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREF2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Barder O, Kremer M, Williams H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105083659/http://www.bepress.com/ev/vol3/iss3/art1">Advance Market Commitments: A Policy to Stimulate Investment in Vaccines for Neglected Diseases</a> // The Economists' Voice 3 (3). 2006. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1553-3832.1144">10.2202/1553-3832.1144</a>. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bepress.com/ev/vol3/iss3/art1">оригинала</a> на 2006-11-05. Посетен на 2014-07-23.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-126">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFEconomic2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Economic, Department of и др. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://web.archive.org/web/20130718204859/http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DVeF9dv74C4MC%26pg%3DPA103">Achieving the global public health agenda: dialogues at the Economic and Social Council</a>. New York, United Nations, 2009. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9789211045963?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-92-1-104596-3</a>. с. 103. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DVeF9dv74C4MC%26pg%3DPA103">оригинала</a> на 2013-07-18.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-127">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFJong2010" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Jong, [edited by] Jane N. Zuckerman, Elaine C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DBKRpWFEy66wC%26pg%3DPA319">Travelers' vaccines</a>. 2nd ed. Shelton, CT, People's Medical Pub. House, 2010. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781607950455?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-60795-045-5</a>. с. 319.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-128">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFBill_and_Melinda_Gates_Foundation_Announcement12_февруари_2004" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Announcement. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091010163118/http://www.globalhealth.org/news/article/4134">Gates Foundation Commits $82.9 Million to Develop New Tuberculosis Vaccines</a> // 12 февруари 2004. Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.globalhealth.org/news/article/4134">оригинала</a> на 2009-10-10. Посетен на 2014-07-23.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-129">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFNightingale19_септември_2007" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Nightingale, Katherine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.scidev.net/en/news/gates-foundation-gives-us280-million-to-fight-tb.html">Gates foundation gives US$280 million to fight TB</a> // 19 септември 2007.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-130">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFShivaprasad2012_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Shivaprasad, HL и др. Pathology of mycobacteriosis in birds. // The veterinary clinics of North America. Exotic animal practice 15 (1). 2012 Jan. с. 41 – 55, v-vi.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-131">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFReavill2012_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Reavill, DR и др. Mycobacterial lesions in fish, amphibians, reptiles, rodents, lagomorphs, and ferrets with reference to animal models. // The veterinary clinics of North America. Exotic animal practice 15 (1). 2012 Jan. с. 25 – 40, v.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-132">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMitchell2012_Jan" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Mitchell, MA. Mycobacterial infections in reptiles. // The veterinary clinics of North America. Exotic animal practice 15 (1). 2012 Jan. с. 101 – 11, vii.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-133">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFWobeser2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Wobeser, Gary A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ca/books?id%3DJgyS6fxVasYC%26pg%3DPA170">Essentials of disease in wild animals</a>. 1st ed. Ames, Iowa [u.a.], Blackwell Publ., 2006. <a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780813805894?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8138-0589-4</a>. с. 170.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-134">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFRyan2006_Feb_25" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Ryan, TJ и др. Advances in understanding disease epidemiology and implications for control and eradication of tuberculosis in livestock: the experience from New Zealand. // Veterinary microbiology 112 (2 – 4). 2006 Feb 25. с. 211 – 9.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-135">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFWhite2008_Sep" class="book" style="font-style:normal">White, PC и др. Control of bovine tuberculosis in British livestock: there is no 'silver bullet'. // Trends in microbiology 16 (9). 2008 Sep. с. 420 – 7.</cite></li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-136">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFWard2010_Jan_1" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Ward, AI и др. Farm husbandry and badger behaviour: opportunities to manage badger to cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis? // Preventive veterinary medicine 93 (1). 2010 Jan 1. с. 2 – 10.</cite></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(18)"> <h2 id="Вижте_също">Вижте също</h2> <a role="button" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=34&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактиране на раздел: Вижте също" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> редактиране </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-18 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-18"> <ul> <li><a href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0/Translation/Tuberculosis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Уикипедия:Медицина/Translation/Tuberculosis">Уикипедия:Медицина/Translation/Tuberculosis</a>- превод на български на английската статия</li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%26oldid%3D12321738">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Туберкулоза&oldid=12321738</a>“. </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://bg-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Последна промяна: в 05:19, на 5 август 2024 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Езици</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258B%25A8%25E1%2588%25B3%25E1%258A%2595%25E1%2589%25A3_%25E1%258A%2590%25E1%2589%2580%25E1%2588%25AD%25E1%2588%25B3" title="የሳንባ ነቀርሳ – амхарски" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የሳንባ ነቀርሳ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарски" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosi" title="Tuberculosi – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tuberculosi" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597" title="क्षयरोग – ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="क्षयरोग" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584" title="سل – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584" title="سل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B7%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="যক্ষ্মা – асамски" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="যক্ষ্মা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамски" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%2580" title="टीबी – авади" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="टीबी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авади" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisiku" title="Tisiku – аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Tisiku" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%25C9%2599r%25C9%2599m" title="Vərəm – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vərəm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2585/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584" title="ورم/سل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ورم/سل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%2591%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулёз – башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Туберкулёз" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C5%25BEiuova" title="Džiuova – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Džiuova" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%2591%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулёз – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Туберкулёз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%2583%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D1%258B" title="Сухоты – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сухоты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25A9r%25C3%25A9ng" title="Téréng – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Téréng" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%2598%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2582%258F%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25AB%25E1%2582%258F" title="တီဘီရောႏဂါႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တီဘီရောႏဂါႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C9%2594g%25C9%2594s%25C9%2594g%25C9%2594nic%25C9%259B" title="Sɔgɔsɔgɔnicɛ – бамбара" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Sɔgɔsɔgɔnicɛ" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="бамбара" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B7%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="যক্ষ্মা – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যক্ষ্মা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BE%25B3%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BD%2585%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BD%2584%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2593%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BC%258D" title="གློ་གཅོང་གི་ནད། – тибетски" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གློ་གཅོང་གི་ནད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетски" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torzhellegezh" title="Torzhellegezh – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Torzhellegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloza" title="Tuberkuloza – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tuberkuloza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D2%25AF%25D1%2580%25D1%258C%25D0%25B5%25D1%258D_%25D2%25AF%25D0%25B1%25D1%2588%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD" title="Сүрьеэ үбшэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Сүрьеэ үбшэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosi" title="Tuberculosi – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tuberculosi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25DB%2595%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25DB%2595" title="دەردەباریکە – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەردەباریکە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkul%25C3%25B3za" title="Tuberkulóza – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tuberkulóza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%2591%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулёз – чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Туберкулёз" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dici%25C3%25A2u" title="Diciâu – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Diciâu" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C9%2594himpi%25C9%259Bligu" title="Kɔhimpiɛligu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kɔhimpiɛligu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nya%25C5%258Byiel" title="Nyaŋyiel – динка" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Nyaŋyiel" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="динка" class="interlanguage-link-target">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597" title="क्षयरोग – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="क्षयरोग" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A6%25CF%2585%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CE%25AF%25CF%2589%25CF%2583%25CE%25B7" title="Φυματίωση – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φυματίωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulozo" title="Tuberkulozo – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tuberkulozo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloos" title="Tuberkuloos – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tuberkuloos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosi" title="Tuberkulosi – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tuberkulosi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584" title="سل – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloosi" title="Tuberkuloosi – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tuberkuloosi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiisikus" title="Tiisikus – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tiisikus" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberklar" title="Tuberklar – фарьорски" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Tuberklar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарьорски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tuberculose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teerin" title="Teerin – северен фризийски" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Teerin" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северен фризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloaze" title="Tuberkuloaze – западнофризийски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tuberkuloaze" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_eitinn" title="An eitinn – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An eitinn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberkiloz_moun" title="Tiberkiloz moun – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Tiberkiloz moun" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%2527_Chaitheamh" title="A' Chaitheamh – шотландски келтски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="A' Chaitheamh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландски келтски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tuberculose" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%2527asy_po%2527i" title="Mba'asy po'i – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'asy po'i" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%2595%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B7%25E0%25AA%25AF_%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AB%258B%25E0%25AA%2597" title="ક્ષય રોગ – гуджарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ક્ષય રોગ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджарати" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorley_shymlee" title="Gorley shymlee – манкски" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Gorley shymlee" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="манкски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarin_fuka" title="Tarin fuka – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tarin fuka" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pot-th%25C3%25A2m-f%25C3%25B3" title="Pot-thâm-fó – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Pot-thâm-fó" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A9%25D7%2597%25D7%25A4%25D7%25AA" title="שחפת – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שחפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="यक्ष्मा – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यक्ष्मा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/TB" title="TB – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="TB" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloza" title="Tuberkuloza – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tuberkuloza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tib%25C3%25A8kiloz" title="Tibèkiloz – хаитянски креолски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tibèkiloz" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитянски креолски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25BCm%25C5%2591k%25C3%25B3r" title="Gümőkór – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gümőkór" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%258F%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25A2%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AF%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25AC%25D5%25B8%25D5%25A6" title="Տուբերկուլոզ – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տուբերկուլոզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B9%25D5%25B8%25D6%2584%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AD%25D5%25BF" title="Թոքախտ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Թոքախտ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosis" title="Tuberkulosis – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tuberkulosis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daig" title="Daig – илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Daig" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkloso" title="Tuberkloso – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tuberkloso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berklar" title="Berklar – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Berklar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubercolosi" title="Tubercolosi – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tubercolosi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25B5%2590%25E6%25A0%25B8" title="結核 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="結核" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyuubakuluosis" title="Tyuubakuluosis – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Tyuubakuluosis" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosis" title="Tuberkulosis – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tuberkulosis" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%2598" title="ტუბერკულოზი – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტუბერკულოზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kpeziw%25C9%25A9la%25C9%25A3_k%25CA%258Ad%25C9%2594%25C5%258B" title="Kpeziwɩlaɣ kʊdɔŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kpeziwɩlaɣ kʊdɔŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулез – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Туберкулез" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B7%25E0%25B2%25AF" title="ಕ್ಷಯ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ಷಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25B2%25B0%25ED%2595%25B5" title="결핵 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="결핵" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25B9%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A8%25DB%258C" title="ٹی بی – кашмирски" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ٹی بی" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирски" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloz" title="Tuberkuloz – кюрдски" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tuberkuloz" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="кюрдски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA_%25D1%2583%25D1%2587%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA" title="Кургак учук – киргизки" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кургак учук" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизки" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phthisis" title="Phthisis – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phthisis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulos" title="Tuberkulos – люксембургски" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tuberkulos" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC" title="Верем – лезгински" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Верем" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгински" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Tuberculose" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akafuba_bulwadde" title="Akafuba bulwadde – ганда" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Akafuba bulwadde" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ганда" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taering" title="Taering – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Taering" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisi" title="Tisi – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tisi" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tib%25C3%25A9lekilosi" title="Tibélekilosi – лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Tibélekilosi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%25A7%25E0%25BA%25B1%25E0%25BA%2599%25E0%25BA%2599%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BB%2582%25E0%25BA%25A5%25E0%25BA%2581" title="ວັນນະໂລກ – лаоски" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວັນນະໂລກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаоски" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulioz%25C4%2597" title="Tuberkuliozė – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tuberkuliozė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloze" title="Tuberkuloze – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tuberkuloze" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0" title="Туберкулоза – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Туберкулоза" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B7%25E0%25B4%25AF%25E0%25B4%2582" title="ക്ഷയം – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്ഷയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D2%25AF%25D1%2580%25D1%258C%25D0%25B5%25D1%258D" title="Сүрьеэ – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сүрьеэ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25AF_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597" title="क्षय रोग – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="क्षय रोग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosis" title="Tuberkulosis – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tuberkulosis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulo%25C5%25BCi" title="Tuberkulożi – малтийски" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Tuberkulożi" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малтийски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%2598%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25AB" title="တီဘီရောဂါ – бирмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တီဘီရောဂါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирмански" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C4%2593tz%25C4%2581uhcocoliztli" title="Tētzāuhcocoliztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tētzāuhcocoliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – долнонемски" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долнонемски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597" title="क्षयरोग – непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="क्षयरोग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%258D" title="गंल्वय् – неварски" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गंल्वय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварски" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tuberculose" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tuberkulose" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%25C3%25A9%25C3%25AD%25CA%25BC%25C3%25A1d%25C4%25AF%25C4%25AFh" title="Jéíʼádįįh – навахо" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Jéíʼádįįh" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="навахо" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chifuwa_Chachikulu" title="Chifuwa Chachikulu – нянджа" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Chifuwa Chachikulu" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="нянджа" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubercul%25C3%25B2si" title="Tuberculòsi – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tuberculòsi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25AF%25E0%25AC%2595%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%25B7%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%25AE%25E0%25AC%25BE" title="ଯକ୍ଷ୍ମା – ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଯକ୍ଷ୍ମା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%25AC%25E0%25A9%2580" title="ਟੀਬੀ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੀਬੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gru%25C5%25BAlica_cz%25C5%2582owieka" title="Gruźlica człowieka – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gruźlica człowieka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25B9%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A8%25DB%258C" title="ٹی بی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹی بی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C_%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25DA%2581" title="نری رنځ – пущу" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نری رنځ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пущу" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tuberculose" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qhaqya_unquy" title="Qhaqya unquy – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qhaqya unquy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculoz%25C4%2583" title="Tuberculoză – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tuberculoză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%2591%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулёз – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Туберкулёз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0" title="Туберкулоза – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Туберкулоза" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%2583" title="क्षयरोगः – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="क्षयरोगः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%258D%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Сэллик – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сэллик" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25A5%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25A6%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25B8%25E1%25B1%25A5" title="ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱸᱥ – сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱸᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisich%25C3%25A8ntzia" title="Tisichèntzia – сардински" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Tisichèntzia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардински" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubbirculosi" title="Tubbirculosi – сицилиански" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tubbirculosi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилиански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D9%2587%25DB%2581" title="سلهہ – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سلهہ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloza" title="Tuberkuloza – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tuberkuloza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%258A%25E2%2580%258D%25E0%25B7%2582%25E0%25B6%25BA_%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%259D%25E0%25B6%259C%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="ක්‍ෂය රෝගය – синхалски" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ක්‍ෂය රෝගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалски" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkul%25C3%25B3za" title="Tuberkulóza – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tuberkulóza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloza" title="Tuberkuloza – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tuberkuloza" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulos" title="Tuberkulos – инари-саамски" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Tuberkulos" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="инари-саамски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulozi" title="Tuberkulozi – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tuberkulozi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0" title="Туберкулоза – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Туберкулоза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – свати" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="свати" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefuba" title="Lefuba – сото" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Lefuba" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="сото" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosis" title="Tuberkulosis – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tuberkulosis" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulos" title="Tuberkulos – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tuberkulos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kifua_kikuu" title="Kifua kikuu – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kifua kikuu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubera" title="Tubera – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Tubera" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%259A_%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AF%258B%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AF%258D" title="காச நோய் – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காச நோய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B7%25E0%25B0%25AF" title="క్షయ – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్షయ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8_%25D1%2581%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB" title="Бемории сил – таджикски" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бемории сил" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2593%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%2584" title="วัณโรค – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัณโรค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%25C3%25A7ekesel" title="Inçekesel – туркменски" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Inçekesel" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosis" title="Tuberkulosis – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tuberkulosis" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verem" title="Verem – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Verem" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meru_mnarux_teerang" title="Meru mnarux teerang – тароко" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Meru mnarux teerang" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="тароко" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%2591%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулёз – татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Туберкулёз" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nsamanwa" title="Nsamanwa – туи" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nsamanwa" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="туи" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%2591%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкулёз – тувински" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Туберкулёз" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувински" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BA%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B7" title="Туберкульоз – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Туберкульоз" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584" title="سل – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sil" title="Sil – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sil" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao" title="Lao – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lao" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitizeye_des_djins" title="Pitizeye des djins – валонски" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pitizeye des djins" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis – волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Tuberculosis" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25BB%2593%25E6%25A0%25B8%25E7%2597%2585" title="结核病 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="结核病" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isifo_sephepha" title="Isifo sephepha – кхоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Isifo sephepha" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="кхоса" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2598%25D7%2595%25D7%2591%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%2596" title="טובערקולאז – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טובערקולאז" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauzae" title="Lauzae – зуанг" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Lauzae" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="зуанг" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25BB%2593%25E6%25A0%25B8%25E7%2597%2585" title="结核病 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="结核病" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%25C3%25AC-l%25C3%25B4-p%25C4%2593%25E2%2581%25BF" title="Hì-lô-pēⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hì-lô-pēⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2582%25BA%25E7%2599%2586" title="肺癆 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="肺癆" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img 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