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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tribes_and_genera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tribes_and_genera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Tribes and genera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tribes_and_genera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asclepiadeae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asclepiadeae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Asclepiadeae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asclepiadeae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ceropegieae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceropegieae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Ceropegieae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceropegieae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eustegieae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eustegieae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Eustegieae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eustegieae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fockeeae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fockeeae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>Fockeeae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fockeeae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marsdenieae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marsdenieae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.5</span> <span>Marsdenieae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marsdenieae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_genera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_genera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.6</span> <span>Other genera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_genera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Asclepiadoideae</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Ластаўневыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ластаўневыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiad%C3%B2idies" title="Asclepiadòidies – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Asclepiadòidies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seidenpflanzengew%C3%A4chse" title="Seidenpflanzengewächse – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seidenpflanzengewächse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" title="Asclepiadoideae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Asclepiadoideae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82_(%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87)" title="استبرق (زیرتیره) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استبرق (زیرتیره)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" title="Asclepiadoideae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Asclepiadoideae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%95%EC%A3%BC%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EA%B3%BC" title="박주가리아과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="박주가리아과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81astoj%C4%8Dnikowe_rostliny" title="Łastojčnikowe rostliny – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Łastojčnikowe rostliny" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svileni%C4%8Devke" title="Svileničevke – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Svileničevke" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" title="Asclepiadoideae – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Asclepiadoideae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fam%C3%AEleya_ebre%C5%9F%C3%BBmiyan" title="Famîleya ebreşûmiyan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Famîleya ebreşûmiyan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" title="Asclepiadoideae – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Asclepiadoideae" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" title="Asclepiadoideae – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Asclepiadoideae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" title="Asclepiadoideae – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Asclepiadoideae" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%87" title="அஸ்க்லெபியாடோய்டே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அஸ்க்லெபியாடோய்டே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Ластівневі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ластівневі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_h%E1%BB%8D_B%C3%B4ng_tai" title="Phân họ Bông tai – Vietnamese" lang="vi" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Subfamily of plants</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Asclepiadoideae </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg/220px-Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg/330px-Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg/440px-Matelea_denticulata_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-067.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="596" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Matelea" title="Matelea">Matelea</a> denticulata</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Asclepiadoideae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asterids" title="Asterids">Asterids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gentianales" title="Gentianales">Gentianales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Apocynaceae" title="Apocynaceae">Apocynaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Asclepiadoideae</a><br /><small>Burnett</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Genera </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p>See text </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>Asclepiadoideae</b> are a <a href="/wiki/Subfamily" title="Subfamily">subfamily</a> of plants in the family <a href="/wiki/Apocynaceae" title="Apocynaceae">Apocynaceae</a>. Formerly, it was treated as a separate family under the name <b>Asclepiadaceae</b>, e.g. by <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Group">APG II</a>, and known as the milkweed family.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They form a group of perennial <a href="/wiki/Herb" title="Herb">herbs</a>, twining <a href="/wiki/Shrub" title="Shrub">shrubs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liana" title="Liana">lianas</a> or rarely <a href="/wiki/Tree" title="Tree">trees</a> but notably also contain a significant number of leafless <a href="/wiki/Stem_succulent" title="Stem succulent">stem succulents</a>. The name comes from the <a href="/wiki/Type_genus" title="Type genus">type genus</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Asclepias" title="Asclepias">Asclepias</a></i> (milkweeds). </p><p>There are 348 genera, with about 2,900 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a>. They are mainly located in the tropics to subtropics,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> especially in Africa and South America. </p><p>The florally-advanced tribe <a href="/wiki/Stapelieae" class="mw-redirect" title="Stapelieae">Stapelieae</a> within this family contains several relatively familiar stem <a href="/wiki/Succulent_plant" title="Succulent plant">succulent</a> genera, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Orbea_(plant)" title="Orbea (plant)">Orbea</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Huernia" title="Huernia">Huernia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stapelia" title="Stapelia">Stapelia</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hoodia" title="Hoodia">Hoodia</a></i>. They are remarkable for the complex mechanisms which they have developed for <a href="/wiki/Pollination" title="Pollination">pollination</a>, independently parallel to the unrelated <a href="/wiki/Orchidaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchidaceae">Orchidaceae</a>, such as the grouping of their pollen into <a href="/wiki/Pollinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollinia">pollinia</a>. The "fragrance" (or odor) of the flowers, often called "carrion flowers", attracts flies, the chief pollinators for these plants. Additionally, the color, appearance and texture of the flowers often is thought to resemble decaying flesh or raw meat to further entice pollination by flies. </p><p>Many new <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybrids</a> have been formed due to the unique fertilization method of the flowers. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Thomas_Burnett" title="Gilbert Thomas Burnett">Gilbert Thomas Burnett</a> in 1835 is considered to be the first botanist to recognize a primary division of the family Apocynaceae using the name Asclepiadeae,<sup id="cite_ref-Reve11_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reve11-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an ending now used for tribes rather than subfamilies. In 2014, Endress, Liede-Schumann and Meve recognised five tribes within the subfamily.<sup id="cite_ref-Endress2014_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Endress2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Molecular_phylogenetics" title="Molecular phylogenetics">molecular phylogenetic</a> study in 2019 confirmed the distinctness of the five tribes, which were related as shown in the following cladogram:<sup id="cite_ref-NazaClarGoydKaky19_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NazaClarGoydKaky19-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">Asclepiadoideae </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Fockeeae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Asclepiadeae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Eustegieae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Ceropegieae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Marsdenieae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tribes_and_genera">Tribes and genera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tribes and genera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg/220px-Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg/330px-Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg/440px-Asclepia_syriaca3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Asclepias_syriaca" title="Asclepias syriaca">Asclepias syriaca</a></i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG/220px-Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG/330px-Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG/440px-Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Microloma_calycinum" title="Microloma calycinum">Microloma calycinum</a></i>, Richtersveld, South Africa</figcaption></figure> <p>The assignment of genera to tribes is based on Endress, Liede-Schumann and Meve (2014),<sup id="cite_ref-Endress2014_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Endress2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with synonyms from <a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a> as of December 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Asclepiadeae">Asclepiadeae</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Asclepiadeae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Araujia" title="Araujia">Araujia</a></i> <small>Brot.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asclepias" title="Asclepias">Asclepias</a></i> <small>L.</small>, including <i>Aidomene</i> <small>Stopp</small>, <i>Odontostelma</i> <small>Rendle</small>, <i>Trachycalymma</i> <small>(K.Schum.)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aspidoglossum" title="Aspidoglossum">Aspidoglossum</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aspidonepsis" title="Aspidonepsis">Aspidonepsis</a></i> <small>Nicholas</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Astephanus" title="Astephanus">Astephanus</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barjonia" title="Barjonia">Barjonia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blepharodon" title="Blepharodon">Blepharodon</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calciphila" title="Calciphila">Calciphila</a></i> <small>Liede</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calotropis" title="Calotropis">Calotropis</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cordylogyne" title="Cordylogyne">Cordylogyne</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cynanchum" title="Cynanchum">Cynanchum</a></i> <small>L.</small>, including <i>Adelostemma</i> <small>Hook.f.</small>, <i>Glossonema</i> <small>Decne.</small>, <i>Metaplexis</i> <small>R.Br.</small>, <i>Pentarrhinum</i> <small>E.Mey.</small>, <i>Seshagiria</i> <small>Ansari</small>, <i>Sichuania</i> <small>M.G.Gilbert</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diplolepis_(plant)" title="Diplolepis (plant)">Diplolepis</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ditassa" title="Ditassa">Ditassa</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fanninia" title="Fanninia">Fanninia</a></i> <small>Harv.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fischeria_(plant)" title="Fischeria (plant)">Fischeria</a></i> <small>DC.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Funastrum" title="Funastrum">Funastrum</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glossostelma" title="Glossostelma">Glossostelma</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gomphocarpus" title="Gomphocarpus">Gomphocarpus</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gonolobus" title="Gonolobus">Gonolobus</a></i> <small>Michx.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graphistemma" title="Graphistemma">Graphistemma</a></i> <small>(Champ.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gyrostelma" title="Gyrostelma">Gyrostelma</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemipogon_(plant)" title="Hemipogon (plant)">Hemipogon</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holostemma" title="Holostemma">Holostemma</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypolobus" title="Hypolobus">Hypolobus</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ibatia" title="Ibatia">Ibatia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jobinia" title="Jobinia">Jobinia</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanahia" title="Kanahia">Kanahia</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lachnostoma_(plant)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lachnostoma (plant) (page does not exist)">Lachnostoma</a></i> <small>Kunth</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macroscepis" title="Macroscepis">Macroscepis</a></i> <small>Kunth</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahawoa" title="Mahawoa">Mahawoa</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Margaretta" title="Margaretta">Margaretta</a></i> <small>Oliv.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matelea" title="Matelea">Matelea</a></i> <small>Aubl.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metastelma" title="Metastelma">Metastelma</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microloma" title="Microloma">Microloma</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minaria" title="Minaria">Minaria</a></i> <small>T.U.P.Konno</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miraglossum" title="Miraglossum">Miraglossum</a></i> <small>Kupicha</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monsanima" title="Monsanima">Monsanima</a></i> <small>Liede</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morrenia" title="Morrenia">Morrenia</a></i> <small>Lindl.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nautonia" title="Nautonia">Nautonia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nephradenia" title="Nephradenia">Nephradenia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odontanthera" title="Odontanthera">Odontanthera</a></i> <small>Wight</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oncinema" title="Oncinema">Oncinema</a></i> <small>Arn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthosia_(plant)" title="Orthosia (plant)">Orthosia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxypetalum" title="Oxypetalum">Oxypetalum</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxystelma" title="Oxystelma">Oxystelma</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pachycarpus" title="Pachycarpus">Pachycarpus</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parapodium_(plant)" title="Parapodium (plant)">Parapodium</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pentacyphus" title="Pentacyphus">Pentacyphus</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small>, including <i>Tetraphysa</i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pentastelma" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentastelma">Pentastelma</a></i> <small>Tsiang</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pentatropis" title="Pentatropis">Pentatropis</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peplonia" title="Peplonia">Peplonia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pergularia" title="Pergularia">Pergularia</a></i> <small>L.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Petalostelma" title="Petalostelma">Petalostelma</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phaeostemma" title="Phaeostemma">Phaeostemma</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pherotrichis" title="Pherotrichis">Pherotrichis</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philibertia" title="Philibertia">Philibertia</a></i> <small>Kunth</small>, including <i>Mitostigma</i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudolachnostoma" title="Pseudolachnostoma">Pseudolachnostoma</a></i> <small>Morillo</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Raphistemma" title="Raphistemma">Raphistemma</a></i> <small>Wall.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhyssostelma" title="Rhyssostelma">Rhyssostelma</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhytidostemma" title="Rhytidostemma">Rhytidostemma</a></i> <small>Morillo</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rojasia" title="Rojasia">Rojasia</a></i> <small>Malme</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schizoglossum" title="Schizoglossum">Schizoglossum</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schizostephanus" title="Schizostephanus">Schizostephanus</a></i> <small>Hochst.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schubertia" title="Schubertia">Schubertia</a></i> <small>Mart.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scyphostelma" title="Scyphostelma">Scyphostelma</a></i> <small>Baill.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solenostemma" title="Solenostemma">Solenostemma</a></i> <small>Hayne</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stathmostelma" title="Stathmostelma">Stathmostelma</a></i> <small>K.Schum.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stelmagonum" title="Stelmagonum">Stelmagonum</a></i> <small>Baill.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stenostelma" title="Stenostelma">Stenostelma</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tassadia" title="Tassadia">Tassadia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small>, including <i>Stenomeria</i> <small>Turcz.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tweedia" title="Tweedia">Tweedia</a></i> <small>Hook.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tylodontia" title="Tylodontia">Tylodontia</a></i> <small>Griseb.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vincetoxicum" title="Vincetoxicum">Vincetoxicum</a></i> <small>Wolf</small>, including <i>Merrillanthus</i> <small>Chun</small>, <i>Oncostemma</i> <small>K.Schum.</small>, <i>Rhyncharrhena</i> <small>F.Muell.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Widgrenia" title="Widgrenia">Widgrenia</a></i> <small>Malme</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Woodia" title="Woodia">Woodia</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xysmalobium" title="Xysmalobium">Xysmalobium</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ceropegieae">Ceropegieae</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ceropegieae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg/220px-Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg/330px-Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg/440px-Ceropegia_candelabrum_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2574" data-file-height="2442" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Ceropegia_candelabrum" title="Ceropegia candelabrum">Ceropegia candelabrum</a></i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg/220px-Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg/330px-Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg/440px-Caralluma_acutangula_Bild0685.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="852" /></a><figcaption><i>Caralluma acutangula</i>, Burkina Faso</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg/220px-Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg/330px-Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg/440px-Leptadenia_pyrotechnica_Marco_Schmidt_0771.jpg 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Leptadenia_pyrotechnica" title="Leptadenia pyrotechnica">Leptadenia pyrotechnica</a></i>, Burkina Faso</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg/220px-Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg/330px-Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg/440px-Aasblume_Aug_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Stapelia_gigantea" title="Stapelia gigantea">Stapelia gigantea</a></i></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anisotoma" title="Anisotoma">Anisotoma</a></i> <small>Fenzl</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apteranthes" title="Apteranthes">Apteranthes</a></i> <small>J.C.Mikan</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australluma" title="Australluma">Australluma</a></i> <small>Plowes</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baynesia" title="Baynesia">Baynesia</a></i> <small>Bruyns</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boucerosia" title="Boucerosia">Boucerosia</a></i> <small>Wight</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brachystelma" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachystelma">Brachystelma</a></i> <small>Sims</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caralluma" title="Caralluma">Caralluma</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caudanthera" title="Caudanthera">Caudanthera</a></i> <small>Plowes</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ceropegia" title="Ceropegia">Ceropegia</a></i> <small>L.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conomitra_linearis" title="Conomitra linearis">Conomitra</a></i> <small>Fenzl</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desmidorchis" title="Desmidorchis">Desmidorchis</a></i> <small>Ehrenb.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duvalia" title="Duvalia">Duvalia</a></i> <small>Haw.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duvaliandra" title="Duvaliandra">Duvaliandra</a></i> <small>M.G.Gilbert</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Echidnopsis" title="Echidnopsis">Echidnopsis</a></i> <small>Hook.f.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edithcolea" title="Edithcolea">Edithcolea</a></i> <small>N.E.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emplectanthus" title="Emplectanthus">Emplectanthus</a></i> <small>N.E.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heterostemma" title="Heterostemma">Heterostemma</a></i> <small>Wight</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hoodia" title="Hoodia">Hoodia</a></i> <small>Sweet</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Huernia" title="Huernia">Huernia</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Larryleachia" title="Larryleachia">Larryleachia</a></i> <small>Plowes</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lavrania" title="Lavrania">Lavrania</a></i> <small>Plowes</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptadenia" title="Leptadenia">Leptadenia</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monolluma" title="Monolluma">Monolluma</a></i> <small>Plowes</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neoschumannia" title="Neoschumannia">Neoschumannia</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Notechidnopsis" title="Notechidnopsis">Notechidnopsis</a></i> <small>Lavranos</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ophionella" title="Ophionella">Ophionella</a></i> <small>Bruyns</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orbea_(plant)" title="Orbea (plant)">Orbea</a></i> <small>Haw.</small>, including <i>Orbeanthus</i> <small>L.C.Leach</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthanthera" title="Orthanthera">Orthanthera</a></i> <small>Wight</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pectinaria_(plant)" title="Pectinaria (plant)">Pectinaria</a></i> <small>Haw.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pentasacme" title="Pentasacme">Pentasacme</a></i> <small>Wall.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piaranthus" title="Piaranthus">Piaranthus</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudolithos" title="Pseudolithos">Pseudolithos</a></i> <small>P.R.O.Bally</small>, including <i>Anomalluma</i> <small>Plowes</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quaqua" title="Quaqua">Quaqua</a></i> <small>N.E.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhytidocaulon" title="Rhytidocaulon">Rhytidocaulon</a></i> <small>P.R.O.Bally</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richtersveldia_columnaris" title="Richtersveldia columnaris">Richtersveldia</a></i> <small>Meve</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Riocreuxia" title="Riocreuxia">Riocreuxia</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sisyranthus" title="Sisyranthus">Sisyranthus</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Socotrella" title="Socotrella">Socotrella</a></i> <small>Bruyns</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stapelia" title="Stapelia">Stapelia</a></i> <small>L.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stapelianthus" title="Stapelianthus">Stapelianthus</a></i> <small>Choux</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stapeliopsis" title="Stapeliopsis">Stapeliopsis</a></i> <small>Pillans</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tavaresia" title="Tavaresia">Tavaresia</a></i> <small>Welw.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tridentea" title="Tridentea">Tridentea</a></i> <small>Haw.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tromotriche" title="Tromotriche">Tromotriche</a></i> <small>Haw.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whitesloanea" title="Whitesloanea">Whitesloanea</a></i> <small>Chiov.</small></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eustegieae">Eustegieae</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Eustegieae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Emicocarpus" title="Emicocarpus">Emicocarpus</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eustegia" title="Eustegia">Eustegia</a></i> <small>K.Schum. & Schltr.</small></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fockeeae">Fockeeae</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fockeeae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cibirhiza" title="Cibirhiza">Cibirhiza</a></i> <small>Bruyns</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fockea" title="Fockea">Fockea</a></i> <small>Endl.</small></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marsdenieae">Marsdenieae</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Marsdenieae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg/220px-Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg/330px-Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg/440px-Starr_080530-4659_Marsdenia_floribunda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption><i>Stephanotis floribunda</i></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anatropanthus" title="Anatropanthus">Anatropanthus</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anisopus_(plant)" title="Anisopus (plant)">Anisopus</a></i> <small>N.E.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asterostemma_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asterostemma (plant)">Asterostemma</a></i> <small>Decne.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Campestigma" title="Campestigma">Campestigma</a></i> <small>Pierre</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cionura" title="Cionura">Cionura</a></i> <small>Griseb.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmostigma" title="Cosmostigma">Cosmostigma</a></i> <small>Wight</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dischidia" title="Dischidia">Dischidia</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolichopetalum" title="Dolichopetalum">Dolichopetalum</a></i> <small>Tsiang</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gongronema" title="Gongronema">Gongronema</a></i> <small>(Endl.)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gunnessia" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunnessia">Gunnessia</a></i> <small>P.I.Forst.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnema" title="Gymnema">Gymnema</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heynella" title="Heynella">Heynella</a></i> <small>Backer</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hoya_(plant)" title="Hoya (plant)">Hoya</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small>, including <i>Cathetostemma</i> <small>Blume</small>, <i>Clemensiella</i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jasminanthes" title="Jasminanthes">Jasminanthes</a></i> <small>Blume</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lygisma" title="Lygisma">Lygisma</a></i> <small>Hook.f.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marsdenia" title="Marsdenia">Marsdenia</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oreosparte" title="Oreosparte">Oreosparte</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pycnorhachis" title="Pycnorhachis">Pycnorhachis</a></i> <small>Benth.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhyssolobium" title="Rhyssolobium">Rhyssolobium</a></i> <small>E.Mey.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarcolobus" title="Sarcolobus">Sarcolobus</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small>, including <i>Quisumbingia</i> <small>Merr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stephanotis" title="Stephanotis">Stephanotis</a></i> <small>Thouars</small>, including <i>Dregea</i> <small>E.Mey.</small>, <i>Wattakaka</i> <small>Hassk.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stigmatorhynchus" title="Stigmatorhynchus">Stigmatorhynchus</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telosma" title="Telosma">Telosma</a></i> <small>Coville</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Treutlera" title="Treutlera">Treutlera</a></i> <small>Hook.f.</small></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_genera">Other genera</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other genera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These genera are not accepted within Asclepiadoideae by Endress <i>et al.</i> (2014),<sup id="cite_ref-Endress2014_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Endress2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but are accepted by Plants of the World Online. Tribal placements below are from <a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN-Global</a>, where given. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dalzielia" title="Dalzielia">Dalzielia</a></i> <small>Turrill</small> – Marsdenieae (possible synonym of <i>Marsdenia</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g3376_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g3376-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Decanema" title="Decanema">Decanema</a></i> <small>Decne.</small> – Asclepiadeae (possible synonym of <i>Cynanchum</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g3436_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g3436-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dischidanthus" title="Dischidanthus">Dischidanthus</a></i> <small>Tsiang</small> – Marsdenieae (possible synonym of <i>Marsdenia</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g3839_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g3839-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnemopsis" title="Gymnemopsis">Gymnemopsis</a></i> <small>Costantin</small> – Marsdenieae (possible synonym of <i>Marsdenia</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g5233_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g5233-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kerbera" title="Kerbera">Kerbera</a></i> <small>E.Fourn.</small> – Asclepiadeae<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g6297_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g6297-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leichhardtia_(plant)" title="Leichhardtia (plant)">Leichhardtia</a></i> <small>R.Br.</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manothrix" title="Manothrix">Manothrix</a></i> <small>Miers</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Periglossum" title="Periglossum">Periglossum</a></i> <small>Decne.</small> – Asclepiadeae<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g9109_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g9109-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polystemma" title="Polystemma">Polystemma</a></i> <small>Decne.</small>, including <i>Microdactylon</i><sup id="cite_ref-POWO_77297239-1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_77297239-1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – Asclepiadeae (possible synonym of <i>Matelea</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g16047_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g16047-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptycanthera" title="Ptycanthera">Ptycanthera</a></i> <small>Decne.</small> – Asclepiadeae (possible synonym of <i>Matelea</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g16180_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g16180-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ruehssia" title="Ruehssia">Ruehssia</a></i> <small>H.Karst. ex Schltdl.</small> – Marsdenieae (possible synonym of <i>Marsdenia</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g16346_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g16346-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schistonema" title="Schistonema">Schistonema</a></i> <small>Schltr.</small> – Asclepiadeae (possible synonym of <i>Tweedia</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g10849_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g10849-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vailia" title="Vailia">Vailia</a></i> <small>Rusby</small> – Asclepiadeae (possible synonym of <i> Blepharodon</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_g12614_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN_g12614-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525105020/http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf"><i>English Names for Korean Native Plants</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Pocheon: <a href="/wiki/Korea_National_Arboretum" title="Korea National Arboretum">Korea National Arboretum</a>. 2015. p. 363. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-89-97450-98-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-89-97450-98-5"><bdi>978-89-97450-98-5</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Korea_Forest_Service" title="Korea Forest Service">Korea Forest Service</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+Names+for+Korean+Native+Plants&rft.place=Pocheon&rft.pages=363&rft.pub=Korea+National+Arboretum&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-89-97450-98-5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forest.go.kr%2Fkna%2Fspecial%2Fdownload%2FEnglish_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEndress,_M._E._and_P._V._Bruyns2000" class="citation cs2">Endress, M. E. and P. V. Bruyns (2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/156540/1/ZORA_NL_156540.pdf">"A revised classification of the Apocynaceae s.l."</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Botanical Review</i>, <b>66</b> (1): 1–56, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000BotRv..66....1E">2000BotRv..66....1E</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF02857781">10.1007/BF02857781</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31739212">31739212</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Botanical+Review&rft.atitle=A+revised+classification+of+the+Apocynaceae+s.l.&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-56&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A31739212%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF02857781&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000BotRv..66....1E&rft.au=Endress%2C+M.+E.+and+P.+V.+Bruyns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zora.uzh.ch%2Fid%2Feprint%2F156540%2F1%2FZORA_NL_156540.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpellenberg2001" class="citation book cs1">Spellenberg, Richard (2001) [1979]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationalaudubons00spel/page/347/"><i>National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers: Western Region</i></a> (rev ed.). Knopf. p. 347. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-40233-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-40233-3"><bdi>978-0-375-40233-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Audubon+Society+Field+Guide+to+North+American+Wildflowers%3A+Western+Region&rft.pages=347&rft.edition=rev&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-375-40233-3&rft.aulast=Spellenberg&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnationalaudubons00spel%2Fpage%2F347%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reve11-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reve11_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReveal2011" class="citation cs1">Reveal, James L. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plantsystematics.org/reveal/pbio/fam/allspgfileR.html">"Asclepiadoideae"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plantsystematics.org/reveal/pbio/fam/famAA-AP.html"><i>Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium</i></a>. Plant Biology section, Cornell University<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Gen.+Gymnemopsis+Costantin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxon%2Ftaxonomygenus%3Fid%3D5233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GRIN_g6297-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_g6297_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=6297">"Gen. <i>Kerbera</i> E.Fourn"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Gen.+Periglossum+Decne.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxon%2Ftaxonomygenus%3Fid%3D9109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POWO_77297239-1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-POWO_77297239-1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/77297239-1">"<i>Polystemma cordatum</i> (Brandegee) L.O.Alvarado"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Gen.+Ptycanthera+Decne.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxon%2Ftaxonomygenus%3Fid%3D16180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GRIN_g16346-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_g16346_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=16346">"Gen. <i>Ruehssia</i> H. Karst. ex Schltdl"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Gen.+Ruehssia+H.+Karst.+ex+Schltdl.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxon%2Ftaxonomygenus%3Fid%3D16346&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GRIN_g10849-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_g10849_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=10849">"Gen. <i>Schistonema</i> Schltr"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Gen.+Schistonema+Schltr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxon%2Ftaxonomygenus%3Fid%3D10849&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GRIN_g12614-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_g12614_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=12614">"Gen. <i>Vailia</i> Rusby"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Gen.+Vailia+Rusby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxon%2Ftaxonomygenus%3Fid%3D12614&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsclepiadoideae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asclepiadoideae&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990222072311/http://biodiversity.uno.edu/delta/angio/www/asclepia.htm">Asclepiadaceae Family</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708221010/http://www.uni-bayreuth.de/departments/planta2/research/databases/delta_as/index.htm">The Genera of Asclepiadoideae, Secamonoideae and Periplocoideae (Apocynaceae)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.botanical-dermatology-database.info/BotDermFolder/ASCL-1.html">Asclepiadaceae</a> in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.botanical-dermatology-database.info/">BoDD – Botanical Dermatology Database</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Asclepiadoideae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8206302" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q8206302">Q8206302</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Asclepiadoideae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Asclepiadoideae">Asclepiadoideae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/93LSR">93LSR</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1ASCS">1ASCS</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomyfamily.aspx?type=subfamily&id=1694">1694</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/373579">373579</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=167484">167484</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=673329">673329</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/100408914">100408914</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/283">283</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Asclepiadaceae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156689" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q156689">Q156689</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/54564">54564</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10066">10066</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Australia" title="Flora of Australia">FoAO2</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Asclepiadaceae">Asclepiadaceae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=10066">10066</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">FoIO: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flora.org.il/en/plants/systematics/asclepiadaceae">asclepiadaceae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/6700">6700</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomyfamily.aspx?id=105">105</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/30000422-2">30000422-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=119168">119168</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=30239">30239</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NBNSYS0000172123">NBNSYS0000172123</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/ec44cd3f-3377-4285-82e6-41ed85d2f5b9">ec44cd3f-3377-4285-82e6-41ed85d2f5b9</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=524059">524059</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=53927">53927</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/688EA025-CE65-2E58-E49C-AB37DEDBC4BB">688EA025-CE65-2E58-E49C-AB37DEDBC4BB</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A30000422-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000422-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/42000279">42000279</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Watson & Dallwitz: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/asclepia.htm">asclepia</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-7000000855">wfo-7000000855</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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