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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For his father, the Union Army colonel, see <a href="/wiki/Peter_A._Porter_(colonel)" title="Peter A. Porter (colonel)">Peter A. Porter (colonel)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Peter Augustus Porter</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg/220px-Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg/330px-Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg/440px-Peter_Augustus_Porter_1853-1925.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1145" data-file-height="1314" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>'s <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives,_New_York_District_34" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives, New York District 34">34th</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1907 – March 4, 1909</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Wolcott_Wadsworth" class="mw-redirect" title="James Wolcott Wadsworth">James Wolcott Wadsworth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_S._Simmons_(New_York_politician)" title="James S. Simmons (New York politician)">James S. Simmons</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Assembly">New York Assembly</a> from <a href="/wiki/Niagara_County,_New_York" title="Niagara County, New York">Niagara County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 1, 1886 – December 31, 1887</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Walter P. Horne</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Nelson D. Haskell</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="List of mayors of Niagara Falls, New York">Village President</a> of <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 1, 1878 – December 31, 1878</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1853-10-10</span>)</span>October 10, 1853<br /><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls, New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">December 15, 1925<span style="display:none">(1925-12-15)</span> (aged 72)<br /><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Oakwood_Cemetery_(Niagara_Falls,_New_York)" title="Oakwood Cemetery (Niagara Falls, New York)">Oakwood Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Republican_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Republican Party">Republican</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(United_States)" title="Independent Republican (United States)">Independent Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Alice Adelle Taylor</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1877)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data">See <i><a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family" title="Breckinridge family">Breckinridge family</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_Peter_A._Porter" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel Peter A. Porter">Peter A. Porter</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family" title="Breckinridge family">Mary Cabell Breckenridge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_School_(Concord,_New_Hampshire)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul's School (Concord, New Hampshire)">St. Paul's School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yale_College" title="Yale College">Yale College</a> (1874)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Peter Augustus Porter</b> (October 10, 1853 – December 15, 1925) was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, and grandson of <a href="/wiki/Peter_Buell_Porter" title="Peter Buell Porter">Peter Buell Porter</a>. Porter was the son of <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Peter_A._Porter" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel Peter A. Porter">Colonel Peter A. Porter</a>, the Civil War hero who bravely died in the bloody Battle of Cold Harbor. Porter was one of Niagara's first native poets.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitcher_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitcher-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Porter was born in <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls, New York</a> on October 10, 1853, the only son of <a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_family" title="Breckinridge family">Mary Cabell Breckenridge</a> (1826–1854) and Col. <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Peter_A._Porter" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel Peter A. Porter">Peter Augustus Porter</a> (1827–1864), who was the only son of Gen. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Buell_Porter" title="Peter Buell Porter">Peter Buell Porter</a> (1773–1844) with his first wife. His mother died in the <a href="/wiki/Cholera_epidemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cholera epidemic">cholera epidemic</a> when he was four years old.<sup id="cite_ref-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had a half-brother, George Morris Porter (1863–1907),<sup id="cite_ref-MichiganAlumnus1910_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MichiganAlumnus1910-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by his father's second marriage to Josephine Matilda Morris (1831–1892),<sup id="cite_ref-GMPObit1907_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GMPObit1907-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JMPObit1892_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JMPObit1892-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a daughter of George Washington Morris (1799–1834) and granddaughter of Lewis Morris (1754–1824) and great-granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Morris" title="Lewis Morris">Lewis Morris</a> of <a href="/wiki/Morrisania" class="mw-redirect" title="Morrisania">Morrisania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was taught by private teachers and later attended <a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_School_(Concord,_New_Hampshire)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul's School (Concord, New Hampshire)">St. Paul's School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord, New Hampshire</a> from 1865 to 1871. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Yale_College" title="Yale College">Yale College</a> in 1874<sup id="cite_ref-Yale1874_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yale1874-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then traveled extensively.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1880 to 1895, Porter owned the <i><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Niagara Falls Gazette">Niagara Falls Gazette</a></i>, which had been founded in 1854, and converted it into a daily newspaper in 1893.<sup id="cite_ref-PPObit1925_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PPObit1925-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GazetteSale1895_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GazetteSale1895-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He built the Arcade Building on Falls street in which the Gazette and the United States post office were housed for many years.<sup id="cite_ref-Glynn_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glynn-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He owned the famous old hostelry, the <a href="/wiki/Cataract_House" title="Cataract House">Cataract House</a>, for many years. He was president of the Cataract Bank for some time.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1885, his family sold <a href="/wiki/Goat_Island_(New_York)" title="Goat Island (New York)">Goat Island</a> and much of the mainland adjoining the river, which the Porter family had owned since 1816,<sup id="cite_ref-PPObit1925_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PPObit1925-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Niagara Reservation">Niagara Reservation</a>, which New York State had established to create <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls_State_Park" title="Niagara Falls State Park">Niagara Falls State Park</a> in the same year, becoming the first <a href="/wiki/State_park" title="State park">state park</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had estimated the value of the island at $1,000,000 in 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-GoatIsland1884_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoatIsland1884-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StateAppraisers1884_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StateAppraisers1884-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1889, Porter was elected secretary and treasurer, succeeding S. F. Rankine.<sup id="cite_ref-1899Election_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1899Election-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as a director of the predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls_Power_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Niagara Falls Power Company">Niagara Falls Power Company</a>, called <a href="/wiki/Niagara_River_Hydraulic_Tunnel,_Power,_and_Sewer_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Niagara River Hydraulic Tunnel, Power, and Sewer Company">Niagara River Hydraulic Tunnel, Power, and Sewer Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_office">Political office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the City of Niagara Falls was incorporated on March 17, 1892,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Porter served as <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="List of mayors of Niagara Falls, New York">village president</a> in 1878.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1886, Porter was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Assembly" title="New York State Assembly">New York State Assembly</a> in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Legislature" title="New York State Legislature">New York State Legislature</a>, as a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>, representing <a href="/wiki/Niagara_County,_New_York" title="Niagara County, New York">Niagara County's</a> 2nd District. He served in <a href="/wiki/109th_New_York_State_Legislature" title="109th New York State Legislature">109th</a> and <a href="/wiki/110th_New_York_State_Legislature" title="110th New York State Legislature">110th New York State Legislature</a> until 1887. As Assemblyman, he introduced and brought about the passage of the celebrated Niagara Tunnel Bill, which sanctioned the State to utilize and develop electric power at Niagara Falls.<sup id="cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ErieCounty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1886 and 1894, the New York State Legislature granted six charters to take water from above the Falls. One of these grants gave a company the right to develop 200,000 horse power and another grant ceded all the water which would pass through a canal 100 feet wide and 14 feet deep.<sup id="cite_ref-1915PowerPlan_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1915PowerPlan-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1888, he argued against a bill before Governor <a href="/wiki/David_B._Hill" title="David B. Hill">David B. Hill</a> that would construct a 200 foot wide boulevard stretching 20 miles from Niagara Falls to Buffalo, claiming that the $375,000 expense was too great for the communities affected.<sup id="cite_ref-1888Blvd_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1888Blvd-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1903, he was successful in defeating Senator <a href="/wiki/Irving_L%27Hommedieu" title="Irving L'Hommedieu">Irving L'Hommedieu</a>'s Niagara Falls Charter bill, along with <a href="/wiki/William_Caryl_Ely" title="William Caryl Ely">W. Caryl Ely</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Urban_Jr." title="George Urban Jr.">George Urban Jr.</a>, and Charles R. Huntley.<sup id="cite_ref-KillBill1903_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KillBill1903-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1907, he was elected as an <a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(United_States)" title="Independent Republican (United States)">Independent Republican</a> to the <a href="/wiki/60th_United_States_Congress" title="60th United States Congress">60th United States Congress</a>, holding office from March 4, 1907, to March 3, 1909. He represented the <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_34th_congressional_district" title="New York's 34th congressional district">34th Congressional District</a>, which comprised Niagara, Orleans, Genesee, Livingston and Wyoming counties.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He declined to be a candidate for renomination.<sup id="cite_ref-bioguide_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bioguide-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_life">Later life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following his stint in politics, Porter engaged in the study and writing of history of the Niagara frontier, and was a prominent member of the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Historical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo Historical Society">Buffalo Historical Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ErieCounty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the founder, president, and later honorary president for life, of the Niagara Frontier Historical Society. He donated many of the collections relics and took an active interest in the Niagara County Pioneer Association, serving as its president for three terms.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was served as vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Library_Association" title="New York Library Association">New York State Library Association</a> in 1900.<sup id="cite_ref-1900Library_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1900Library-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1915, Porter presented a plan for developing 2,000,000 electrical horse power by damming the lower Niagara River and harnessing the power of Niagara Falls.<sup id="cite_ref-1915PowerPlan_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1915PowerPlan-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He stated: </p> <blockquote><p>I represented the Niagara District in the Sixtieth Congress. On the floor of the House of Representatives I stated that the people of my district were more interested in preserving the scenic beauty of the Falls of Niagara than were any people on earth. But we did ask that just as far as engineering science would decide that the water of the cataract could be safely used for commerce, without impairing the scenic beauty of Niagara Falls, to that extent power development should be not only permitted, but encouraged."<sup id="cite_ref-1915PowerPlan_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1915PowerPlan-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 1922, Porter and his associate in the plan, T. Kennard Thomson, toured the prospective site for the power dam with members of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Environmental_Conservation" title="New York State Department of Environmental Conservation">New York State Water Power Board</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PowerTour1922_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PowerTour1922-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan called for immense power development at Foster Flats by means of a huge dam which would back up the waters of the Lower Niagara River, obliterating the upper and lower rapids of the whirlpool and utilizing the entire flow of the river.<sup id="cite_ref-PowerTour1922_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PowerTour1922-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 13, 1877,<sup id="cite_ref-Yale1874_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yale1874-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Porter married Alice Adelle Taylor (1853–1934), daughter of Virgil Corydon Taylor (1817–1889) and Harriett C. Dunlap (1832–1900). Alice was descended from Richard Taylor, who came from England to <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Colony" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Colony">Massachusetts Colony</a> in 1643.<sup id="cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ErieCounty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together, Peter and Alice had three sons:<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Peter A. Porter, Jr. (b. 1877), who married Geneva Thompson in 1907<sup id="cite_ref-Kostoff_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostoff-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1926OceanTravel_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1926OceanTravel-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cabell Breckinridge Porter (b. 1881), an illustrator who married Grace S. Sizer<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pitcher_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitcher-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Preston Buell Porter (1891–1978), who married Margaret Ransom (b. 1894)<sup id="cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ErieCounty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Porter died at his home in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a> on December 15, 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-PPObit1925_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PPObit1925-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was interred in <a href="/wiki/Oakwood_Cemetery_(Niagara_Falls,_New_York)" title="Oakwood Cemetery (Niagara Falls, New York)">Oakwood Cemetery</a> in his hometown of <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bioguide_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bioguide-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Pitcher-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pitcher_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitcher_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPitcher2016" class="citation news cs1">Pitcher, Thomas (August 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.niagara-gazette.com/news/lifestyles/a-picture-of-niagara-history/article_d9309875-7595-5593-b09d-11db97458531.html">"A picture of Niagara History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Gazette" title="Niagara Gazette">Niagara Gazette</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Niagara+Gazette&rft.atitle=A+picture+of+Niagara+History&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.aulast=Pitcher&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.niagara-gazette.com%2Fnews%2Flifestyles%2Fa-picture-of-niagara-history%2Farticle_d9309875-7595-5593-b09d-11db97458531.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-niagarafallsundergroundrailroad_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://niagarafallsundergroundrailroad.org/assets/Uploads/11-Site-of-the-Home-of-Peter-A-Elizabeth-and-Josephine-Porter.pdf">"Site of the Home of Peter A. Porter, Elizabeth Porter, and Josephine Porter1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>niagarafallsundergroundrailroad.org</i>. Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Area Commission<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=niagarafallsundergroundrailroad.org&rft.atitle=Site+of+the+Home+of+Peter+A.+Porter%2C+Elizabeth+Porter%2C+and+Josephine+Porter1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fniagarafallsundergroundrailroad.org%2Fassets%2FUploads%2F11-Site-of-the-Home-of-Peter-A-Elizabeth-and-Josephine-Porter.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MichiganAlumnus1910-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MichiganAlumnus1910_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CQniAAAAMAAJ&q=george+morris+porter+%28-1907%29+niagara+falls&pg=PA44"><i>The Michigan Alumnus</i></a>. UM Libraries. 1910<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Michigan+Alumnus&rft.pub=UM+Libraries&rft.date=1910&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCQniAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dgeorge%2Bmorris%2Bporter%2B%2528-1907%2529%2Bniagara%2Bfalls%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMPObit1907-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GMPObit1907_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1907/04/01/104983757.html?pageNumber=9">"Obituary 2 -- Porter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. April 1, 1907<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obituary+2+--+Porter&rft.date=1907-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1907%2F04%2F01%2F104983757.html%3FpageNumber%3D9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JMPObit1892-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JMPObit1892_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1892/05/13/archives/obituary-1-no-title.html">"Obituary 1 -- Porter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 13 May 1892<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obituary+1+--+Porter&rft.date=1892-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1892%2F05%2F13%2Farchives%2Fobituary-1-no-title.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yale1874-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yale1874_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yale1874_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYale_University_Class_of_18741912" class="citation book cs1">Yale University Class of 1874 (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biographicalrec00goog"><i>Biographical Record of the Class of 1874 in Yale College: Part Fourth, 1874-1909</i></a>. New Haven, Connecticut: Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor Company<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2016</span>. <q>Preston Buell Porter (1891-.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Record+of+the+Class+of+1874+in+Yale+College%3A+Part+Fourth%2C+1874-1909&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Tuttle%2C+Morehouse+%26+Taylor+Company&rft.date=1912&rft.au=Yale+University+Class+of+1874&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiographicalrec00goog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1923" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Edward Theodore (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/officialrecordof00willuoft"><i>Official record of the Niagara Falls Memorial Commission, in succession to the William B. Rankine Memorial Commission : together with biographical sketches of ... distinguished citizens of Niagara Falls, the memory of whose outstanding accomplishments is being perpetuated by monuments erected in front of the City Hall</i></a>. Niagara Falls, NY: Niagara Falls Memorial Commission<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+record+of+the+Niagara+Falls+Memorial+Commission%2C+in+succession+to+the+William+B.+Rankine+Memorial+Commission+%3A+together+with+biographical+sketches+of+...+distinguished+citizens+of+Niagara+Falls%2C+the+memory+of+whose+outstanding+accomplishments+is+being+perpetuated+by+monuments+erected+in+front+of+the+City+Hall&rft.place=Niagara+Falls%2C+NY&rft.pub=Niagara+Falls+Memorial+Commission&rft.date=1923&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Edward+Theodore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fofficialrecordof00willuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PPObit1925-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PPObit1925_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PPObit1925_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PPObit1925_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F04EFD91F38E233A25755C1A9649D946495D6CF&legacy=true">"Peter A. Porter Dead"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 16 December 1925<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Peter+A.+Porter+Dead&rft.date=1925-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9F04EFD91F38E233A25755C1A9649D946495D6CF%26legacy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GazetteSale1895-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GazetteSale1895_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D07E1DF113DE433A25753C3A96E9C94649ED7CF&legacy=true">"Niagara Falls Gazette Changes Hands"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 30 August 1895<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Niagara+Falls+Gazette+Changes+Hands.&rft.date=1895-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9D07E1DF113DE433A25753C3A96E9C94649ED7CF%26legacy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Glynn-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Glynn_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlynn2015" class="citation news cs1">Glynn, Don (October 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.niagara-gazette.com/news/local_news/gazette-s-storied-past-at-niagara-st/article_a4eec1f4-b805-511b-96cc-cd4fceab2d8d.html">"Gazette's storied past at 310 Niagara St"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Gazette" title="Niagara Gazette">Niagara Gazette</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Niagara+Gazette&rft.atitle=Gazette%27s+storied+past+at+310+Niagara+St.&rft.date=2015-10-18&rft.aulast=Glynn&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.niagara-gazette.com%2Fnews%2Flocal_news%2Fgazette-s-storied-past-at-niagara-st%2Farticle_a4eec1f4-b805-511b-96cc-cd4fceab2d8d.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GoatIsland1884-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GoatIsland1884_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1884/04/10/archives/the-value-of-goat-island-testimony-given-before-the-state.html">"The Value of Goat Island – Testimony Given Before the State Commission"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 10 April 1884<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Value+of+Goat+Island+%E2%80%93+Testimony+Given+Before+the+State+Commission&rft.date=1884-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1884%2F04%2F10%2Farchives%2Fthe-value-of-goat-island-testimony-given-before-the-state.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StateAppraisers1884-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-StateAppraisers1884_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1884/01/27/archives/state-park-appraisers-three-men-selected-to-place-a-value-on-the.html">"State Park Appraisers – Three Men Selected to Place a Value on the Niagara Falls Lands"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 27 January 1884<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=State+Park+Appraisers+%E2%80%93+Three+Men+Selected+to+Place+a+Value+on+the+Niagara+Falls+Lands&rft.date=1884-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1884%2F01%2F27%2Farchives%2Fstate-park-appraisers-three-men-selected-to-place-a-value-on-the.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1899Election-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1899Election_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1899/12/10/archives/niagara-state-reservation-election.html">"Niagara State Reservation Election"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 10 December 1899<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Niagara+State+Reservation+Election.&rft.date=1899-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1899%2F12%2F10%2Farchives%2Fniagara-state-reservation-election.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.niagarafallsinfo.com/history-item.php?entry_id=1334&current_category_id=199">"Niagara Falls New York Township History - The City of Niagara Falls, New York, USA"</a>. Niagarafallsinfo.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Niagara+Falls+New+York+Township+History+-+The+City+of+Niagara+Falls%2C+New+York%2C+USA&rft.pub=Niagarafallsinfo.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.niagarafallsinfo.com%2Fhistory-item.php%3Fentry_id%3D1334%26current_category_id%3D199&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKestenbaum" class="citation web cs1">Kestenbaum, Lawrence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/porter7.html#905.50.52">"Porter, Peter Augustus (1853-1925)"</a>. <i>politicalgraveyard.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=politicalgraveyard.com&rft.atitle=Porter%2C+Peter+Augustus+%281853-1925%29&rft.aulast=Kestenbaum&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticalgraveyard.com%2Fbio%2Fporter7.html%23905.50.52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ErieCounty-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ErieCounty_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuelsen1906–1908" class="citation book cs1">Samuelsen, W. David (1906–1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924092228422"><i>Memorial and family history of Erie County, New York</i></a>. New York and Buffalo: New York : Genealogical Publ. Co<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Porter Proposes to Dam River Below Falls and Get Mighty Power"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 22 August 1915<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Senator+L%27Hommedieu+Angry+%E2%80%93+He+Complains+of+Corporate+Influence+When+His+Niagara+Falls+Charter+Bill+Is+Killed&rft.date=1903-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9F0DE0DF1F30E733A25751C2A9629C946297D6CF%26legacy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bioguide-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bioguide_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bioguide_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000445">"Porter, Peter Augustus - Biographical Information"</a>. <i>bioguide.congress.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Niagara+Falls+Reporter&rft.atitle=Porters+Prominent+Locally&rft.date=2005-08-02&rft.aulast=Kostoff&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fniagarafallsreporter.com%2Fkostoff93.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1926OceanTravel-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1926OceanTravel_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D06E1DA1039E633A25753C2A9629C946795D6CF&legacy=true">"Ocean Travel"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 20 April 1926<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ocean+Travel&rft.date=1926-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9D06E1DA1039E633A25753C2A9629C946795D6CF%26legacy%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/53002.mobile">"A Legend of Goat Island"</a>. <i>gutenberg.org</i>. Project Gutenberg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gutenberg.org&rft.atitle=A+Legend+of+Goat+Island&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Febooks%2F53002.mobile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Sources</dt></dl> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/P000445"><i>Porter, Peter Augustus</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Porter%2C+Peter+Augustus&rft.pub=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fsearch%2Fbio%2FP000445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+A.+Porter" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_A._Porter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peter_A._Porter" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peter A. Porter">Peter A. Porter</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/35573">Works by Peter A. Porter</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%20Augustus%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%20A%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Porter%2C%20P%2E%20A%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Peter%20Augustus%20Porter%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Peter%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22P%2E%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Peter%20Porter%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Peter%20Augustus%20Porter%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Peter%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22P%2E%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22P%2E%20Augustus%20Porter%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%20Augustus%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%20A%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Porter%2C%20P%2E%20A%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Porter%2C%20P%2E%20Augustus%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Peter%20Porter%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Peter%20Augustus%20Porter%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Peter%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20title%3A%22P%2E%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Peter%20Porter%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Peter%20Augustus%20Porter%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Peter%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20description%3A%22P%2E%20A%2E%20Porter%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%20Augustus%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%20A%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Peter%20Porter%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Porter%2C%20Peter%22%29%20OR%20%28%221853-1925%22%20AND%20Porter%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Peter A. Porter</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6599210">Peter A. Porter</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Assembly" title="New York State Assembly">New York State Assembly</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_P._Horne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter P. Horne (page does not exist)">Walter P. Horne</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Assembly" title="New York State Assembly">New York State Assembly</a> <br />Niagara County, 2nd District </b><br />1886–1887 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_D._Haskell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nelson D. Haskell (page does not exist)">Nelson D. Haskell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Wolcott_Wadsworth" class="mw-redirect" title="James Wolcott Wadsworth">James Wolcott Wadsworth</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_New_York" title="List of United States representatives from New York">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="New York34 !"><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_34th_congressional_district" title="New York's 34th congressional district">New York's 34th congressional district</a></span> </b><br />1907–1909 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_S._Simmons_(New_York_politician)" title="James S. Simmons (New York politician)">James S. Simmons</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_New_York" title="United States congressional delegations from New York">New York</a>'s delegation(s) to the 60th United States Congresses <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/60th_United_States_Congress" title="60th United States Congress">60th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Platt" title="Thomas C. Platt">T. Platt</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chauncey_Depew" title="Chauncey Depew">C. Depew</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_New_York" title="List of United States representatives from New York">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sereno_E._Payne" title="Sereno E. Payne">S. Payne</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">J. Sherman</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Sulzer" title="William Sulzer">W. Sulzer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/De_Alva_S._Alexander" title="De Alva S. Alexander">D. Alexander</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_N._Southwick" title="George N. Southwick">G. Southwick</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Bourke_Cockran" title="William Bourke Cockran">W. B. Cockran</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Michael_E._Driscoll" title="Michael E. Driscoll">M. Driscoll</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_J._Fitzgerald" title="John J. Fitzgerald">J. Fitzgerald</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_H._Ryan" title="William H. Ryan">W. Ryan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_B._Vreeland" title="Edward B. Vreeland">E. Vreeland</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Draper_(congressman)" title="William Henry Draper (congressman)">W. Draper</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Goldfogle" title="Henry M. Goldfogle">H. Goldfogle</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_H._Lindsay" title="George H. Lindsay">G. Lindsay</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Breck_Perkins" title="James Breck Perkins">J. Perkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Knapp" title="Charles L. Knapp">C. Knapp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Wilbur_Dwight" title="John Wilbur Dwight">J. Dwight</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Bradley" title="Thomas W. Bradley">T. Bradley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_T._Dunwell" title="Charles T. Dunwell"><i>C. Dunwell</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Goulden" title="Joseph A. Goulden">J. Goulden</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Riordan" title="Daniel J. Riordan">D. Riordan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Emory_Andrus" title="John Emory Andrus">J. Andrus</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Stiles_Bennet" title="William Stiles Bennet">W. Bennet</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_M._Calder" title="William M. Calder">W. Calder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_W._Cocks" title="William W. Cocks">W. Cocks</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Sloat_Fassett" title="Jacob Sloat Fassett">J. Fassett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Law" title="Charles B. Law">C. Law</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Van_Vechten_Olcott" title="J. Van Vechten Olcott">J. V. Olcott</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Parsons_(New_York_politician)" title="Herbert Parsons (New York politician)">H. Parsons</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_E._Waldo" title="George E. Waldo">G. Waldo</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Francis_Burton_Harrison" title="Francis Burton Harrison">F. Harrison</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Durey" title="Cyrus Durey">C. Durey</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Winthrop_Fairchild" title="George Winthrop Fairchild">G. Fairchild</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_V._Fornes" title="Charles V. Fornes">C. Fornes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_R._Malby" title="George R. Malby">G. Malby</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Samuel_McMillan" title="Samuel McMillan">S. McMillan</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#CC6666;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">P. Porter</a> (IR)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Willett_Jr." title="William Willett Jr.">W. Willett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Otto_G._Foelker" title="Otto G. Foelker"><i>O. Foelker</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Third-party_and_independent_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Third_Party_US_Reps" title="Template:Third Party US Reps"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third_Party_US_Reps" title="Template talk:Third Party US Reps"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Third_Party_US_Reps" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Third Party US Reps"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Third-party_and_independent_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and independent <a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress">members of the</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00DDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Law_and_Order_Party_of_Rhode_Island" title="Law and Order Party of Rhode Island">Law and Order Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Y._Cranston" title="Henry Y. Cranston">Henry Y. Cranston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_R._Potter" title="Elisha R. Potter">Elisha R. Potter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F59100;"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Appleton_(politician)" title="William Appleton (politician)">William Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Rollins" title="James S. Rollins">James S. Rollins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF69B4;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Liberal Republican Party (United States)">Liberal Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Nathaniel P. Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Banning" title="Henry B. Banning">Henry B. Banning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blair" title="James G. Blair">James G. Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Boarman" title="Alexander Boarman">Alexander Boarman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_George_Bromberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick George Bromberg">Frederick George Bromberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_(Arkansas_politician)" title="John Edwards (Arkansas politician)">John Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_A._Finkelnburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustavus A. Finkelnburg">Gustavus A. Finkelnburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Joseph_Hynes" title="William Joseph Hynes">William Joseph Hynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Sheridan" title="George A. Sheridan">George A. Sheridan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #0BDA51;"><a href="/wiki/Greenback_Party" title="Greenback Party">Greenback Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Barlow" title="Bradley Barlow">Bradley Barlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_N._Brumm" title="Charles N. Brumm">Charles N. Brumm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Burrows" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Henry Burrows">Joseph Henry Burrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ford" title="Nicholas Ford">Nicholas Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_P._Forsythe" title="Albert P. Forsythe">Albert P. Forsythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Gillette" title="Edward H. Gillette">Edward H. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_Sherwin_Hazeltine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Sherwin Hazeltine">Ira Sherwin Hazeltine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Jones_(Texas_politician)" title="George Washington Jones (Texas politician)">George W. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Ladd" title="George W. Ladd">George W. Ladd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Lowe" title="William M. Lowe">William M. Lowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_De_La_Matyr" title="Gilbert De La Matyr">Gilbert De La Matyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mosgrove" title="James Mosgrove">James Mosgrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_H._Murch" title="Thompson H. Murch">Thompson H. Murch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theron_Moses_Rice" class="mw-redirect" title="Theron Moses Rice">Theron Moses Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Lindsay_Russell" title="Daniel Lindsay Russell">Daniel Lindsay Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">James B. Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luman_Hamlin_Weller" title="Luman Hamlin Weller">Luman Hamlin Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_Bradley_Wright" class="mw-redirect" title="Hendrick Bradley Wright">Hendrick Bradley Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Hartman_Yocum" class="mw-redirect" title="Seth Hartman Yocum">Seth Hartman Yocum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 Black;"><a href="/wiki/Readjuster_Party" title="Readjuster Party">Readjuster Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bowen" title="Henry Bowen">Henry Bowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Stephen_Hooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Stephen Hooper">Benjamin Stephen Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Libbey" title="Harry Libbey">Harry Libbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Murphy_Mayo" title="Robert Murphy Mayo">Robert Murphy Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_(judge)" title="John Paul (judge)">John Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sergeant_Wise" title="John Sergeant Wise">John Sergeant Wise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF6347;"><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(United_States,_19th_century)" title="Labor Party (United States, 19th century)">Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_P._Featherstone" title="Lewis P. Featherstone">Lewis P. Featherstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_I._Hopkins" title="Samuel I. Hopkins">Samuel I. Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Smith_(Wisconsin_politician)" title="Henry Smith (Wisconsin politician)">Henry Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ACE1AF;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilbur_Atwater" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wilbur Atwater">John Wilbur Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baker_(Kansas_politician)" title="William Baker (Kansas politician)">William Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Barlow" title="Charles A. Barlow">Charles A. Barlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Calhoun_Bell" title="John Calhoun Bell">John Calhoun Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldor_Boen" title="Haldor Boen">Haldor Boen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_D._Botkin" title="Jeremiah D. Botkin">Jeremiah D. Botkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Cannon" title="Marion Cannon">Marion Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_H._Castle" title="Curtis H. Castle">Curtis H. Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_H._Clover" title="Benjamin H. Clover">Benjamin H. Clover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Kansas_politician)" title="John Davis (Kansas politician)">John Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell_Edwards" title="Caldwell Edwards">Caldwell Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edgar_Fowler" title="John Edgar Fowler">John Edgar Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Taylor_Goodwyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Taylor Goodwyn">Albert Taylor Goodwyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Laury_Greene" title="William Laury Greene">William Laury Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gunn_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Gunn (congressman)">James Gunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kittel_Halvorson" title="Kittel Halvorson">Kittel Halvorson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Harris_(Kansas_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Alexander Harris (Kansas politician)">William Alexander Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford_W._Howard" title="Milford W. Howard">Milford W. Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Hudson" title="Thomas Jefferson Hudson">Thomas Jefferson Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Kelley" title="John Edward Kelley">John Edward Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omer_Madison_Kem" class="mw-redirect" title="Omer Madison Kem">Omer Madison Kem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Knowles" title="Freeman Knowles">Freeman Knowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Martin_(North_Carolina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles H. Martin (North Carolina)">Charles H. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._McKeighan" title="William A. McKeighan">William A. McKeighan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Maxwell" title="Samuel Maxwell">Samuel Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_B._McCormick" title="Nelson B. McCormick">Nelson B. McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Neville_(representative)" title="William Neville (representative)">William Neville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Otis" title="John G. Otis">John G. Otis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafe_Pence" title="Lafe Pence">Lafe Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_S._Peters" title="Mason S. Peters">Mason S. Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_R._Ridgely" title="Edwin R. Ridgely">Edwin R. Ridgely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Simpson" title="Jerry Simpson">Jerry Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonzo_C._Shuford" title="Alonzo C. Shuford">Alonzo C. Shuford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Skinner_(politician)" title="Harry Skinner (politician)">Harry Skinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ledyard_Stark" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ledyard Stark">William Ledyard Stark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Franklin_Strowd" class="mw-redirect" title="William Franklin Strowd">William Franklin Strowd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_Dhu_Sutherland" class="mw-redirect" title="Roderick Dhu Sutherland">Roderick Dhu Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Vincent" title="William D. Vincent">William D. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Watson" title="Thomas E. Watson">Thomas E. Watson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F2CED4;"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Republican_Party" title="Silver Republican Party">Silver Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Glenn" title="Thomas L. Glenn">Thomas L. Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Carey_Jones" title="William Carey Jones">William Carey Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Shafroth" title="John F. Shafroth">John F. Shafroth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Wilson" title="Edgar Wilson">Edgar Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Party of America">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victor_L._Berger" title="Victor L. Berger">Victor L. Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiorello_La_Guardia" title="Fiorello La Guardia">Fiorello La Guardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_London" title="Meyer London">Meyer London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #5FD170;">Progressive Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ryum_Amlie" title="Thomas Ryum Amlie">Thomas Ryum Amlie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_J._Boileau" title="Gerald J. Boileau">Gerald J. Boileau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_M._Chandler" title="Walter M. Chandler">Walter M. Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_C._Copley" title="Ira C. Copley">Ira C. Copley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Falconer" title="Jacob Falconer">Jacob Falconer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_J._Gehrmann" title="Bernard J. Gehrmann">Bernard J. Gehrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franck_R._Havenner" title="Franck R. Havenner">Franck R. Havenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hinebaugh" title="William H. Hinebaugh">William H. Hinebaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_James_Hulings" class="mw-redirect" title="Willis James Hulings">Willis James Hulings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Hull" title="Merlin Hull">Merlin Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Clyde_Kelly" class="mw-redirect" title="Melville Clyde Kelly">Melville Clyde Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Josiah_MacDonald" title="William Josiah MacDonald">William Josiah MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitmell_P._Martin" title="Whitmell P. Martin">Whitmell P. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Sauthoff" title="Harry Sauthoff">Harry Sauthoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall">Thomas D. Schall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Schneider" title="George J. Schneider">George J. Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stephens_(American_politician)" title="William Stephens (American politician)">William Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Wilson Temple">Henry Wilson Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Thomson" title="Charles M. Thomson">Charles M. Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner_R._Withrow" title="Gardner R. Withrow">Gardner R. Withrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_O._Woodruff" title="Roy O. Woodruff">Roy O. Woodruff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #66FF99;"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Arens" title="Henry M. Arens">Henry M. Arens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bernard_(American_politician)" title="John Bernard (American politician)">John Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_T._Buckler" title="Rich T. Buckler">Rich T. Buckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Leighton_Carss" title="William Leighton Carss">William Leighton Carss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hagen" title="Harold Hagen">Harold Hagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Johnson_(Minnesota_politician)" title="Dewey Johnson (Minnesota politician)">Dewey Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Johnson" title="Magnus Johnson">Magnus Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ole_J._Kvale" title="Ole J. Kvale">Ole J. Kvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_John_Kvale" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul John Kvale">Paul John Kvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lundeen" title="Ernest Lundeen">Ernest Lundeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Shoemaker" title="Francis Shoemaker">Francis Shoemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Teigan" title="Henry Teigan">Henry Teigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knud_Wefald" title="Knud Wefald">Knud Wefald</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF6347;"><a href="/wiki/American_Labor_Party" title="American Labor Party">American Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Isacson" title="Leo Isacson">Leo Isacson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vito_Marcantonio" title="Vito Marcantonio">Vito Marcantonio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CC0000;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_New_York" title="Liberal Party of New York">Liberal Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_D._Davidson" title="Irwin D. Davidson">Irwin D. Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Jr." title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.">Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#FED105;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FF8C00;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Carney_(politician)" title="William Carney (politician)">William Carney</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FF00FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hiram_Randall" title="Charles Hiram Randall">Charles Randall</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#66F500;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Shively" title="Benjamin F. Shively">Benjamin F. Shively</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anti-Monopoly_Party" title="Anti-Monopoly Party">Anti-Monopoly</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Anderson" title="William B. Anderson">William B. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Illinois_politician)" title="Alexander Campbell (Illinois politician)">Alexander Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ronald_Chalmers" title="James Ronald Chalmers">James Ronald Chalmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_Emerson" title="Jo Ann Emerson">Jo Ann Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Foglietta" title="Thomas M. Foglietta">Thomas M. Foglietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode" title="Virgil Goode">Virgil Goode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kent_(American_politician)" title="William Kent (American politician)">William Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Lyon" title="Caleb Lyon">Caleb Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mitchell_(politician)" title="Paul Mitchell (politician)">Paul Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nichols_(politician)" title="John Nichols (politician)">John Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_P._Ochiltree" title="Thomas P. Ochiltree">Thomas P. Ochiltree</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peter A. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazier_Reams" title="Frazier Reams">Frazier Reams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Hawley_Seelye" title="Julius Hawley Seelye">Julius Hawley Seelye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_William_Shreve" class="mw-redirect" title="Milton William Shreve">Milton William Shreve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Hyatt_Smith" title="J. Hyatt Smith">J. Hyatt Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Tuck" title="Amos Tuck">Amos Tuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Wright" class="mw-redirect" title="George Washington Wright">George Washington Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party (U.S. politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">Notable third-party performances in United States elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7172441#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7172441#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7172441#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000073951289">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/58058774">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/251835/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgxv9twwxvq9JbJmxpMfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85204616">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000445">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6bz6gk8">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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