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id="toc-Pakistani_Initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_central_and_state_government_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_central_and_state_government_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Indian central and state government initiatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_central_and_state_government_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indo-Pakistani_initiatives_in_relation_to_Kashmir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-Pakistani_initiatives_in_relation_to_Kashmir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Indo-Pakistani initiatives in relation to Kashmir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-Pakistani_initiatives_in_relation_to_Kashmir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commentary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Commentary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Confidence-building measures at a nation-state level</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir</b> includes confidence-building measures at a <a href="/wiki/Nation-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation-state">nation-state</a> level between the governments of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Track_two_diplomacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Track two diplomacy">track two diplomacy</a>, as well as initiatives by <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-governmental organisation">non-governmental organisations</a> (NGOs), institutes and individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purpose of <a href="/wiki/Peacebuilding" title="Peacebuilding">peacebuilding</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(state)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (state)">Jammu and Kashmir</a> include conflict prevention and reduction of hostilities in the <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Valley" title="Kashmir Valley">Kashmir Valley</a>. Many countries such as Russia, United States and China have also played a de-escalatory role with regard to tensions in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 27 years, between 1990 and 2017, <a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir</a> has claimed a total of 41,000 lives (14,000 civilians, 5,000 security personnel and 22,000 militants) according to government figures made available in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India and Pakistan have also fought three <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">wars in Kashmir</a> during <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1947%E2%80%931948" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948">1947–1948</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">1965</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War</a> in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Initiatives">List of Initiatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: List of Initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_Initiatives">Indian Initiatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indian Initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>appointment of interlocutors and various committees </p><p>The appointment of interlocutors as a tactic for coping with the Kashmir issue traces its origins back to the 1960s, when Prime minister Nehru appointed All Bahadur Shastri to manage tensions following the chaotic events of 1963. Since then, a number of such initiatives have been launched , including a three-member team of interlocutors the central government appointed in response to the 2010 unrest. </p><p>K C PANT, 2001 </p><p>In May 2001, the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government announced the appointment of KC Pant, former Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission, as its interlocutor on Kashmir, with the brief of talking to various groups in the valley and recommending ways to ease tensions between the Centre and the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistani_Initiatives">Pakistani Initiatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pakistani Initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_central_and_state_government_initiatives">Indian central and state government initiatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Indian central and state government initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Peoples_Democratic_Party_(India)" title="Peoples Democratic Party (India)">People's Democratic Party</a> (PDP) government's 'healing touch' policy between 2002 and 2005 included freeing jailed militants, reducing operations by the security forces, increasing free movement of people by reducing police checks, all part of initiatives aimed at pushing forward a more "humane approach" by the administration, especially the security forces.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mufti_Mohammad_Sayeed" title="Mufti Mohammad Sayeed">Mufti Mohammad Syed</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir">chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir</a> said that Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee" title="Atal Bihari Vajpayee">Atal Bihari Vajpayee</a> had supported the healing touch policy.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mehbooba_Mufti" title="Mehbooba Mufti">Mehbooba Mufti</a>, the ninth Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, tried to revive the "healing touch" policy during her term (2016–2018), with initiatives such as the withdrawal of <a href="/wiki/First_information_report" title="First information report">FIRs</a> against over 9,700 youth and cash compensations for <a href="/wiki/Crowd_control_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir#Pellet_guns" title="Crowd control in Jammu and Kashmir">pellet victims</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cases withdrawn were related to people involved in <a href="/wiki/Stone_pelting_in_Kashmir" title="Stone pelting in Kashmir">stone-pelting incidents</a> in the region between 2008 and 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Omar_Abdullah" title="Omar Abdullah">Omar Abdullah</a> government introduced the "surrender and rehabilitation policy", allowing former militants who had crossed the <a href="/wiki/Line_of_Control" title="Line of Control">Line-of-Control</a> into Pakistan, to come back to India. Over 400 militants utilised the policy.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Valley-centric" approaches have resulted in discontent among other communities in the region such as <a href="/wiki/Ladakh#Demographics" title="Ladakh">Ladhaki</a> Buddhists. Formation of "Autonomous Hill Councils" in the <a href="/wiki/Leh_district" title="Leh district">Leh district</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kargil_district" title="Kargil district">Kargil district</a> have proven to be a successful peacebuilding initiative in this aspect according to Navnita Chadha Behera.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Ladakh_Autonomous_Hill_Development_Council,_Leh" title="Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh">Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council</a> was given more powers, making it "among the most autonomous councils" in India.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir#Operation_Sadbhavana_(Goodwill)" title="Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir">Operation Sadbhavana</a> in Jammu and Kashmir is an <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a> initiative which involves welfare measures such as infrastructure development, medical care, women and youth empowerment, educational tours and sports tournaments among other initiatives.<sup id="cite_ref-Anant_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anant-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_President,_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil_with_the_members_of_the_National_Integration_Tour_for_senior_citizens_of_Operation_Sadbhavana_from_Mendhar_Tehsil,_Jammu_and_Kashmir,_in_New_Delhi_on_March_09,_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/The_President%2C_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil_with_the_members_of_the_National_Integration_Tour_for_senior_citizens_of_Operation_Sadbhavana_from_Mendhar_Tehsil%2C_Jammu_and_Kashmir%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_09%2C_2009.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/The_President%2C_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil_with_the_members_of_the_National_Integration_Tour_for_senior_citizens_of_Operation_Sadbhavana_from_Mendhar_Tehsil%2C_Jammu_and_Kashmir%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_09%2C_2009.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/The_President%2C_Smt._Pratibha_Devisingh_Patil_with_the_members_of_the_National_Integration_Tour_for_senior_citizens_of_Operation_Sadbhavana_from_Mendhar_Tehsil%2C_Jammu_and_Kashmir%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_09%2C_2009.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1188" /></a><figcaption>The 12th President of India, <a href="/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Devisingh Patil</a> with the members of the National Integration Tour for senior citizens of Operation Sadbhavana from <a href="/wiki/Mendhar_Tehsil" title="Mendhar Tehsil">Mendhar Tehsil</a>, Jammu and Kashmir, in New Delhi on 9 March 2009</figcaption></figure></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indo-Pakistani_initiatives_in_relation_to_Kashmir">Indo-Pakistani initiatives in relation to Kashmir</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Indo-Pakistani initiatives in relation to Kashmir"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Srinagar%E2%80%93Muzaffarabad_Bus" title="Srinagar–Muzaffarabad Bus"><i>Karavan-e-Aman</i></a> (<i>Caravan of Peace</i>), a bus service connecting <a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a> (Jammu and Kashmir) and <a href="/wiki/Muzaffarabad" title="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</a> (Azad Kashmir), was started in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, a second bus line started between <a href="/wiki/Poonch_(town)" title="Poonch (town)">Poonch</a> (Jammu and Kashmir) and <a href="/wiki/Rawalakot" title="Rawalakot">Rawalakot</a> (Azad Kashmir).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008 trade started on these routes, opening Jammu and Kashmir's traditional trading centres to the west for the first time since 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trade is tightly regulated.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During times of heightened tension, the routes are closed, such as was the case from July to August 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The "Neemrana dialogue" was launched in 1991 as a track 2 initiative between India and Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the <a href="/wiki/Mumbai_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai attacks">Mumbai attacks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uri_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Uri attack">Uri attack</a> and the following <a href="/wiki/2016_Indian_Line_of_Control_strike" title="2016 Indian Line of Control strike">2016 Indian Line of Control strike</a>, there were no official talks between the two countries until April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Topics discussed in the dialogue interaction in 2018 included Kashmir, <a href="/wiki/Siachen_conflict" title="Siachen conflict">Siachen conflict</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Line_of_Control" title="Line of Control">Line of Control</a> situation.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Many countries such as <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> have played a role in the deescalation of conflict in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Athwass,</i> (Kashmiri for handshake), was an initiative by a south Asian think tank, Women in Security, Conflict Management and Peace (WISCOMP), in 2000, that brought together women from <a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_Pandit" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashmiri Pandit">Kashmiri Pandit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> communities for the first time since the rise of militancy in the Kashmir valley in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WISCOMP also organises the "Kashmiri Women Writers Meet", aiming to bring together women from conflicting perspectives using literature.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 23 March 2017, WISCOMP conducted a one-day dialogue on 'Echoes and Resonances: Critical Challenges for Youth and Peace Building in Kashmir'.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WISCOMP is an initiative of the <a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Universal_Responsibility_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama" title="Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama">Foundation for Universal Responsibility of the Dalai Lama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Various NGOs in the region working on initiatives related to peacebuilding include the <a href="/wiki/Borderless_World_Foundation" title="Borderless World Foundation">Borderless World Foundation</a>, "Yakjah Reconciliation and Development Network" and the "Human Effort for Love and Peace (HELP) Foundation, J&K".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Dialogue_and_Reconciliation" title="Centre for Dialogue and Reconciliation">Centre for Dialogue and Reconciliation</a> has conducted various initiatives in Kashmir for over fifteen years including peace education training.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:22_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commentary">Commentary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kashmir and <a href="/wiki/Kashmiris" title="Kashmiris">Kashmiris</a> are sidelined in the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">rivalry between India and Pakistan</a>, with the resolution of the <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_issue" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashmir issue">Kashmir issue</a> being seen in the context of <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pak_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pak relations">Indo-Pak relations</a>. As a result, the interests of the Kashmiris have been overshadowed.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/V._Mohini_Giri" title="V. Mohini Giri">Mohini Giri</a>, in a short statement at the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Rights Council">Human Rights Council</a> in 2014, said that "Kashmiri civil society (not just the separatists) should be able to voice their aspirations at any negotiating table".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>According to Susheela Bhan who conducts "ethics and values based education" in government schools in Jammu and Kashmir, students from rural areas are most prone to violence, and "through education they can become important contributors to peace".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Despite Jammu and Kashmir being the only state in India that provides free education at all levels, the average literacy in Jammu and Kashmir is lower than the national Indian average).<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>According to an exploratory study by A Subramanyam Raju, first and second generation Indians want to get back Pakistan-administered Kashmir, but the third generation wants to "solve the issue peacefully and amicably".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Tourism in Jammu and Kashmir">Tourism</a> is often discussed in the context of Jammu and Kashmir as a peacebuilding measure.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Universal_Responsibility_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama" title="Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama">Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output 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Khanna, Suvidha (May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/25289/1/MPRA_paper_25289.pdf">"Tourism: A Tool for Crafting Peace Process in Kashmir, J&K, India"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Tourismos: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism</i>. <b>4</b> (2, Autumn 2009): 69–89 – via Munich Personal RePEc Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tourismos%3A+An+International+Multidisciplinary+Journal+of+Tourism&rft.atitle=Tourism%3A+A+Tool+for+Crafting+Peace+Process+in+Kashmir%2C+J%26K%2C+India&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2%2C+Autumn+2009&rft.pages=69-89&rft.date=2008-05&rft.aulast=Chauhan&rft.aufirst=Vinay&rft.au=Khanna%2C+Suvidha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de%2F25289%2F1%2FMPRA_paper_25289.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190105145322/https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b106-steps-towards-peace-putting-kashmiris-first.pdf"><i>Steps Towards Peace: Putting Kashmiris First.</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Islamabad/Brussels: <a href="/wiki/International_Crisis_Group" title="International Crisis Group">International Crisis Group</a> (Crisis Group Asia Briefing N°106), 3 June 2010, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b106-steps-towards-peace-putting-kashmiris-first.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 January 2019</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Steps+Towards+Peace%3A+Putting+Kashmiris+First.&rft.place=Islamabad%2FBrussels&rft.pub=International+Crisis+Group+%28Crisis+Group+Asia+Briefing+N%C2%B0106%29&rft.date=2010-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net%2Fb106-steps-towards-peace-putting-kashmiris-first.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>— <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-asia/kashmir/steps-towards-peace-putting-kashmiris-first">Overview</a> accessed on 31 December 2018.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724012923/https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/79-india-pakistan-relations-and-kashmir-steps-toward-peace.pdf"><i>India/Pakistan Relations and Kashmir: Steps Toward Peace</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, International Crisis Group (ICG Asia Report N°79), 24 June 2004, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/79-india-pakistan-relations-and-kashmir-steps-toward-peace.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 July 2018</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%2FPakistan+Relations+and+Kashmir%3A+Steps+Toward+Peace&rft.pub=International+Crisis+Group+%28ICG+Asia+Report+N%C2%B079%29&rft.date=2004-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net%2F79-india-pakistan-relations-and-kashmir-steps-toward-peace.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Javeed Ahmad Bhat (2016). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/127217">The Role of Non Governmental Organisations in Peace building in Kashmir Since 1990</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Aligarh_Muslim_University" title="Aligarh Muslim University">Aligarh Muslim University</a>. Chapter 5 archived from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/127217/10/chapter%205.pdf">original</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2021">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> on 31 December 2018. Introduction <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191128103358/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/127217/14/introduction.pdf">archived</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/127217/14/introduction.pdf">original</a> on 28 November 2019.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacebuilding_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaul2020" class="citation web cs1">Kaul, Ashima (22 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/policy-intervention-in-jammu-kashmir/">"Peacebuilding framework, narrative and policy intervention in Jammu & Kashmir"</a>. <i>Observer Research Foundation (ORF)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Observer+Research+Foundation+%28ORF%29&rft.atitle=Peacebuilding+framework%2C+narrative+and+policy+intervention+in+Jammu+%26+Kashmir&rft.date=2020-08-22&rft.aulast=Kaul&rft.aufirst=Ashima&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.orfonline.org%2Fexpert-speak%2Fpolicy-intervention-in-jammu-kashmir%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPogoddaHuber2014" class="citation journal cs1">Pogodda, Sandra; Huber, Daniela (8 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13533312.2014.946745">"India's Peacebuilding between Rights and Needs: Transformation of Local Conflict Spheres in Bihar, North-East India and Jammu and Kashmir?"</a>. <i>International Peacekeeping</i>. <b>21</b> (4): 443–463. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13533312.2014.946745">10.1080/13533312.2014.946745</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1353-3312">1353-3312</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145473687">145473687</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Peacekeeping&rft.atitle=India%27s+Peacebuilding+between+Rights+and+Needs%3A+Transformation+of+Local+Conflict+Spheres+in+Bihar%2C+North-East+India+and+Jammu+and+Kashmir%3F&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=443-463&rft.date=2014-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145473687%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1353-3312&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13533312.2014.946745&rft.aulast=Pogodda&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft.au=Huber%2C+Daniela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F13533312.2014.946745&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180416001403/https://c-r.org/downloads/Vision%202020%20Kashmir.pdf">Vision 2020: Shared values and ideas for the future by young people in Jammu and Kashmir</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). Conciliation Resources. . Archived from the original on . December 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://c-r.org/downloads/Vision%202020%20Kashmir.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Vision+2020%3A+Shared+values+and+ideas+for+the+future+by+young+people+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir&rft.pub=Conciliation+Resources.+.+Archived+from+the+original+on+.&rft.date=2016-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fc-r.org%2Fdownloads%2FVision%25202020%2520Kashmir.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoithara2004" class="citation book cs1">Koithara, Verghese (30 August 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mPiTaeny1sMC"><i>Crafting Peace in Kashmir: Through A Realist Lens</i></a>. SAGE Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7619-3262-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7619-3262-8"><bdi>978-0-7619-3262-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crafting+Peace+in+Kashmir%3A+Through+A+Realist+Lens&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2004-08-30&rft.isbn=978-0-7619-3262-8&rft.aulast=Koithara&rft.aufirst=Verghese&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmPiTaeny1sMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhan2009" class="citation cs2">Khan, Waheeda (2009), Noor, Noraini M.; Montiel, Cristina Jayme (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4419-0143-9_4">"Political Violence and Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir"</a>, <i>Peace Psychology in Asia</i>, New York, NY: Springer US, pp. 65–81, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4419-0143-9_4">10.1007/978-1-4419-0143-9_4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4419-0142-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4419-0142-2"><bdi>978-1-4419-0142-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peace+Psychology+in+Asia&rft.atitle=Political+Violence+and+Peacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir&rft.pages=65-81&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4419-0143-9_4&rft.isbn=978-1-4419-0142-2&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Waheeda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4419-0143-9_4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurr2015" class="citation journal cs1">Kurr, Nikolis (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/irj/vol3/iss1/5/">"Solutions to the Conflict in Kashmir"</a>. <i>International ResearchScape Journal</i>. <b>3</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.25035%2Firj.03.01.05">10.25035/irj.03.01.05</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:185350966">185350966</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+ResearchScape+Journal&rft.atitle=Solutions+to+the+Conflict+in+Kashmir&rft.volume=3&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.25035%2Firj.03.01.05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A185350966%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Kurr&rft.aufirst=Nikolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.bgsu.edu%2Firj%2Fvol3%2Fiss1%2F5%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeacebuilding+in+Jammu+and+Kashmir" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshraf2003" class="citation journal cs1">Ashraf, Fahmida (2003). 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href="/wiki/Template:Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Template:Jammu and Kashmir"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Template talk:Jammu and Kashmir"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jammu and Kashmir"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="25px&#124;Emblem_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_Union_Territory_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Jammu and Kashmir"><img alt="Emblem of Jammu and Kashmir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg/25px-Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg/38px-Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg/50px-Government_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="697" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">Union Territory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capital: <b><a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a></b> (Summer); <b><a href="/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a></b> (Winter)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kashmir" title="History of Kashmir">History of Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashyapa" title="Kashyapa">Kashyapa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rajatarangini" title="Rajatarangini">Rajatarangini</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambojas" title="Kambojas">Kambojas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalitaditya_Muktapida" title="Lalitaditya Muktapida">Lalitaditya Muktapida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didda" title="Didda">Didda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquests_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent">Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zayn_al-Abidin_(sultan_of_Kashmir)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zayn al-Abidin (sultan of Kashmir)">Zayn al-Abidin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Mir_dynasty" title="Shah Mir dynasty">Shah Mir dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogra_dynasty" title="Dogra dynasty">Dogra Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulab_Singh" title="Gulab Singh">Gulab Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Singh_(Dogra_general)" title="Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)">Zorawar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamwal" title="Jamwal">Jamwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Indian Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashmir Committee">Kashmir Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Singh" title="Hari Singh">Hari Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darbar_Move" title="Darbar Move">Darbar Move</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Kashmiri_Hindus" title="Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus">Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_development_in_India" title="Economic development in India">Development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Government<br />and politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Reorganisation_Act_(2019)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act (2019)">Reorganisation Act (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_%26_Kashmir_National_Conference" title="Jammu & Kashmir National Conference">Jammu & Kashmir National Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Peoples_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party">Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Parties_Hurriyat_Conference" title="All Parties Hurriyat Conference">All Parties Hurriyat Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_People%27s_Conference" title="Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference">Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instrument_of_Accession_(Jammu_and_Kashmir)" title="Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir)">Instrument of Accession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article_370_of_the_Constitution_of_India" title="Article 370 of the Constitution of India">Article 370</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Elections in Jammu and Kashmir">Elections in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira%E2%80%93Sheikh_Accord" title="Indira–Sheikh Accord">Indira–Sheikh Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Agreement" title="Simla Agreement">Simla Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Abdullah" title="Sheikh Abdullah">Sheikh Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karan_Singh" title="Karan Singh">Karan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Nath_Dogra" title="Prem Nath Dogra">Prem Nath Dogra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakshi_Ghulam_Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakshi Ghulam Muhammad">Bakshi Ghulam Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Abdullah" title="Omar Abdullah">Omar Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jitendra_Singh_(politician,_born_1956)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jitendra Singh (politician, born 1956)">Jitendra Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ali_Shah_Geelani" title="Syed Ali Shah Geelani">Syed Ali Shah Geelani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehbooba_Mufti" title="Mehbooba Mufti">Mehbooba Mufti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehr_Chand_Mahajan" title="Mehr Chand Mahajan">Mehr Chand Mahajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirwaiz_Umar_Farooq" title="Mirwaiz Umar Farooq">Mirwaiz Umar Farooq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mufti_Muhammad_Sayeed" class="mw-redirect" title="Mufti Muhammad Sayeed">Mufti Muhammad Sayeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmal_Kumar_Singh" title="Nirmal Kumar Singh">Nirmal Kumar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farooq_Abdullah" title="Farooq Abdullah">Farooq Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Nabi_Azad" title="Ghulam Nabi Azad">Ghulam Nabi Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasin_Malik" title="Yasin Malik">Yasin Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajjad_Gani_Lone" title="Sajjad Gani Lone">Sajjad Gani Lone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabir_Shah" title="Shabir Shah">Shabir Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Public_Safety_Act,_1978" title="Jammu and Kashmir Public Safety Act, 1978">Public Safety Act, 1978</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kashmir" title="Culture of Kashmir">Culture</a> and<br />places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiriyat" title="Kashmiriyat">Kashmiriyat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_and_Ladakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_cuisine" title="Kashmiri cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_Hindu_festivals" title="Kashmiri Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wazwan" title="Wazwan">Wazwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanger" title="Kanger">Kanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikara" title="Shikara">Shikara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashmina" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashmina">Pashmina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basohli_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Basohli painting">Basohli painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Shaivism" title="Kashmir Shaivism">Shaivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alchi_Monastery" title="Alchi Monastery">Alchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishno_Devi" title="Vaishno Devi">Vaishno Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarnath_Temple" title="Amarnath Temple">Amarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulmarg" title="Gulmarg">Gulmarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahalgam" title="Pahalgam">Pahalgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonamarg" title="Sonamarg">Sonamarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verinag" title="Verinag">Verinag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wangath_Temple_complex" title="Wangath Temple complex">Wangath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusmarg" title="Yusmarg">Yusmarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanskar" title="Zanskar">Zanskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forts_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Category:Forts in Jammu and Kashmir">Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_parks_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Category:National parks in Jammu and Kashmir">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Category:Lakes of Jammu and Kashmir">Lakes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Jammu and Kashmir">Districts</a> and<br />divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Jammu_division" title="Jammu division">Jammu division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathua_district" title="Kathua district">Kathua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_district" title="Jammu district">Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_district" title="Samba district">Samba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udhampur_district" title="Udhampur district">Udhampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reasi_district" title="Reasi district">Reasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajouri_district" title="Rajouri district">Rajouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonch_district,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Poonch district, India">Poonch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doda_district" title="Doda district">Doda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramban_district" title="Ramban district">Ramban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishtwar_district" title="Kishtwar district">Kishtwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_division" title="Kashmir division">Kashmir division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anantnag_district" title="Anantnag district">Anantnag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulgam_district" title="Kulgam district">Kulgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulwama_district" title="Pulwama district">Pulwama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopian_district" title="Shopian district">Shopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgam_district" title="Budgam district">Badgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinagar_district" title="Srinagar district">Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganderbal_district" title="Ganderbal district">Ganderbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandipore_district" title="Bandipore district">Bandipore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baramulla_district" title="Baramulla district">Baramulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupwara_district" title="Kupwara district">Kupwara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_by_population" title="List of cities in Jammu and Kashmir by population">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantnag" title="Anantnag">Anantnag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baramulla" title="Baramulla">Baramulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulwama" title="Pulwama">Pulwama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupwara" title="Kupwara">Kupwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgam" title="Budgam">Budgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganderbal" title="Ganderbal">Ganderbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopian" title="Shopian">Shopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandipore" title="Bandipore">Bandipore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulgam" title="Kulgam">Kulgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doda,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Doda, Jammu and Kashmir">Doda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonch_(town)" title="Poonch (town)">Poonch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajouri" title="Rajouri">Rajouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramban_(Jammu_and_Kashmir)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramban (Jammu and Kashmir)">Ramban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reasi" title="Reasi">Reasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Samba, Jammu and Kashmir">Samba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udhampur" title="Udhampur">Udhampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathua" title="Kathua">Kathua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishtwar" title="Kishtwar">Kishtwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akingam" title="Akingam">Akingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achabal" title="Achabal">Achabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulwama" title="Pulwama">Pulwama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgam" title="Budgam">Budgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganderbal" title="Ganderbal">Ganderbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopian" title="Shopian">Shopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandipore" title="Bandipore">Bandipore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulgam" title="Kulgam">Kulgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Srinagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Srinagar">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowshera,_Srinagar" title="Nowshera, Srinagar">Nowshera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurez" title="Gurez">Gurez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattan" title="Pattan">Pattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangan,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Kangan, Jammu and Kashmir">Kangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazratbal" title="Hazratbal">Hazratbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awantipora" title="Awantipora">Awantipora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tral" title="Tral">Tral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qazigund" title="Qazigund">Qazigund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokernag" title="Kokernag">Kokernag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangus" title="Shangus">Shangus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijbehara" title="Bijbehara">Bijbehara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doru_Shahabad" title="Doru Shahabad">Doru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahalgam" title="Pahalgam">Pahalgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattan" title="Pattan">Pattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uri,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Uri, Jammu and Kashmir">Uri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kreeri" title="Kreeri">Kreeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniyar" title="Boniyar">Boniyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangmarg" title="Tangmarg">Tangmarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopore" title="Sopore">Sopore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafiabad,_India" title="Rafiabad, India">Rafiabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnah" title="Karnah">Karnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupwara" title="Kupwara">Kupwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolab" class="mw-redirect" title="Lolab">Lolab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handwara" title="Handwara">Handwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langate" title="Langate">Langate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charari_Sharief" title="Charari Sharief">Charari Sharief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beerwah,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir">Beerwah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadoora" title="Chadoora">Chadoora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagh_e_Mehtab" title="Bagh e Mehtab">Bagh e Mehtab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumbal,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Sumbal, Jammu and Kashmir">Sumbal Sonawari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quimoh" class="mw-redirect" title="Quimoh">Quimoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahloo" title="Pahloo">Pahloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damhal_Hanji_Pora" title="Damhal Hanji Pora">Damhal Hanji Pora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soura,_Srinagar" title="Soura, Srinagar">Soura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchpora" title="Buchpora">Buchpora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawahar_Nagar_Srinagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawahar Nagar Srinagar">Jawahar Nagar Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajbagh" title="Rajbagh">Rajbagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemina" title="Bemina">Bemina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisuma" title="Maisuma">Maisuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karan_Nagar" title="Karan Nagar">Karan Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Nagar,_Srinagar" title="Indira Nagar, Srinagar">Indira Nagar, Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Chowk" title="Lal Chowk">Lal Chowk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonwar_Bagh" title="Sonwar Bagh">Sonwar Bagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowhatta" title="Nowhatta">Nowhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalimar_Bagh,_Srinagar" title="Shalimar Bagh, Srinagar">Shalimar Bagh, Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Bazar" title="Lal Bazar">Lal Bazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukura" class="mw-redirect" title="Jukura">Jukura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munawar_Abad" title="Munawar Abad">Munawar Abad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badami_Bagh" title="Badami Bagh">Badami Bagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowshera,_Srinagar" title="Nowshera, Srinagar">Nowshera, Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singhpora" title="Singhpora">Singhpora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magam" title="Magam">Magam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daksum" title="Daksum">Daksum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinthan_top" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinthan top">Sinthan top</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Famous villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padgampora" title="Padgampora">Padgampora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iskander_Pora,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Iskander Pora, Jammu and Kashmir"> Iskander Pora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhom" title="Mazhom">Mazhom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rathsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rathsoon">Rathsoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botingoo" title="Botingoo">Botingoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatehpora" title="Fatehpora">Fatehpora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durhama" title="Durhama">Durhama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanjiwera" title="Hanjiwera">Hanjiwera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardu-Aboora" title="Hardu-Aboora">Hardu-Aboora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keran,_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Keran, Jammu and Kashmir">Keran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kreeri" title="Kreeri">Kreeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladoora" title="Ladoora">Ladoora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogmuna" title="Ogmuna">Ogmuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seeloo" title="Seeloo">Seeloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zazun" title="Zazun">Zazun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakura" title="Wakura">Wakura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabagh_Ganderbal" title="Nawabagh Ganderbal">Nawabagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratnipora" title="Ratnipora">Ratnipora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichgam" title="Ichgam">Ichgam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Railways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Lines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalandhar%E2%80%93Jammu_line" title="Jalandhar–Jammu line">Jalandhar–Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu%E2%80%93Baramulla_line" title="Jammu–Baramulla line">Jammu–Baramulla</a></li></ul></li> <li>Stations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Srinagar_railway_station" title="Srinagar railway station">Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_Tawi_railway_station" title="Jammu Tawi railway station">Jammu Tawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udhampur_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Udhampur railway station">Udhampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qazigund_railway_station" title="Qazigund railway station">Qzaigund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadura_railway_station" title="Sadura railway station">Sadura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantnag_railway_station" title="Anantnag railway station">Anantang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgam_railway_station" title="Budgam railway station">Budgam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baramulla_railway_station" title="Baramulla railway station">Baramulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampore_railway_station" title="Pampore railway station">Pampore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakapora_railway_station" title="Kakapora railway station">Kakapora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadigam_railway_station" title="Nadigam railway station">Nadigam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhom_railway_station" title="Mazhom railway station">Mazhom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banihal_railway_station" title="Banihal railway station">Banihal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijbehara_railway_station" title="Bijbehara railway station">Bijbehara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattan_railway_station" title="Pattan railway station">Pattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopore_railway_station" title="Sopore railway station">Sopore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awantipora_railway_station" title="Awantipora railway station">Awantipora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katra_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Katra railway station">Katra</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_1A_(India,_old_numbering)" title="National Highway 1A (India, old numbering)">National Highway 1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu%E2%80%93Srinagar_National_Highway" title="Jammu–Srinagar National Highway">Jammu–Srinagar National Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinagar%E2%80%93Baramulla_highway" title="Srinagar–Baramulla highway">Srinagar–Baramulla highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udhampur%E2%80%93Jammu_highway" title="Udhampur–Jammu highway">Udhampur–Jammu highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leh%E2%80%93Manali_Highway" title="Leh–Manali Highway">Leh–Manali Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Road" title="Mughal Road">Mughal Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90_Feet_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="90 Feet Road">90 Feet Road</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Legislative_Assembly" title="Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly">Local elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2002_Jammu_and_Kashmir_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Jammu_and_Kashmir_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Jammu_and_Kashmir_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Elections in Jammu and Kashmir">Elections in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Sports in Jammu and Kashmir">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_%26_Kashmir_Cricket_Association" title="Jammu & Kashmir Cricket Association">Cricket Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_cricket_team" title="Jammu and Kashmir cricket team">Cricket team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_%26_Kashmir_Football_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu & Kashmir Football Association">Football association</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jammu_%26_Kashmir_International_Cricket_Stadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jammu & Kashmir International Cricket Stadium (page does not exist)">International Cricket Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_International_Half_Marathon" title="Kashmir International Half Marathon">Kashmir International Half Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Springs_Golf_Course,_Srinagar" title="Royal Springs Golf Course, Srinagar">Royal Springs Golf Course, Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladakh_Marathon" title="Ladakh Marathon">Ladakh Marathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Line_of_Control" title="Line of Control">Line of Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Tourism in Jammu and Kashmir">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Military_Observer_Group_in_India_and_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan">UNMOGIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces_and_the_Jammu_and_Kashmir_floods,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Armed Forces and the Jammu and Kashmir floods, 2014">Indian Armed Forces and the Jammu and Kashmir floods, 2014</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peacebuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_stations_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Template:Power stations of Jammu and Kashmir">Power stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir">Human rights abuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowd_control_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Crowd control in Jammu and Kashmir">Crowd control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Women's rights in Jammu and Kashmir">Women's rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Media in Jammu and Kashmir">Media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kashmir_conflict" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kashmir_conflict" title="Template:Kashmir conflict"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kashmir_conflict" title="Template talk:Kashmir conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kashmir_conflict" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kashmir conflict"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kashmir_conflict" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kashmir_conflict" title="Timeline of the Kashmir conflict">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kashmir_conflict_(1846%E2%80%931946)" title="Timeline of the Kashmir conflict (1846–1946)">1846–1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kashmir_conflict" title="Timeline of the Kashmir conflict">1947–present</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">Wars and conflicts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1947%E2%80%931948" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948">Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">Indo-Pakistani War of 1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">Indo-Pakistani War of 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siachen_conflict" title="Siachen conflict">Siachen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001%E2%80%932002_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_standoff" title="2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff">2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Indo-Pakistani_standoff" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Indo-Pakistani standoff">2008 Indo-Pakistani standoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_2019_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_standoff" title="Media coverage of 2019 India–Pakistan standoff">media coverage</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Border skirmishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmish" title="2011 India–Pakistan border skirmish">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%932015_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2014–2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2016–2018</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Uri_attack" title="2016 Uri attack">2016 Uri attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Baramulla_attack" title="2016 Baramulla attack">2016 Baramulla attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nagrota_army_base_attack" title="2016 Nagrota army base attack">2016 Nagrota army base attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Pulwama_attack" title="2019 Pulwama attack">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–2021 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2020–2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_India-Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2023 India-Pakistan border skirmishes">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Poonch_rebellion" title="1947 Poonch rebellion">1947 Poonch rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Gibraltar" title="Operation Gibraltar">Operation Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Grand_Slam" title="Operation Grand Slam">Operation Grand Slam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tupac" title="Operation Tupac">Operation Tupac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bison_(Jammu_%26_Kashmir_1948)" title="Operation Bison (Jammu & Kashmir 1948)">Operation Bison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eraze" title="Operation Eraze">Operation Eraze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir#Operation_All_Out" title="Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir">Operation All Out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir#Operation_Sarp_Vinash" title="Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir">Operation Sarp Vinash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir#Operation_Sadbhavana_(Goodwill)" title="Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir">Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir#Operation_Calm_Down" title="Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir">Operation Calm Down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Indian_Line_of_Control_strike" title="2016 Indian Line of Control strike">2016 strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Balakot_airstrike" title="2019 Balakot airstrike">2019 airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Negotiations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah%E2%80%93Mountbatten_talks" title="Jinnah–Mountbatten talks">Jinnah–Mountbatten talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_mediation_of_the_Kashmir_dispute" title="UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute">UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Agreement" title="Simla Agreement">Simla Agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bombings and massacres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Jammu_massacres" title="1947 Jammu massacres">1947 Jammu massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Amarnath_pilgrimage_massacre" title="2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre">2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittisinghpura_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Chittisinghpura massacre">Chittisinghpura massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Jammu_and_Kashmir_legislative_assembly_car_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing">2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Kishtwar_massacre" title="2001 Kishtwar massacre">2001 Kishtwar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Raghunath_temple_attacks" title="2002 Raghunath temple attacks">2002 Raghunath temple attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Srinagar_bombings" title="2006 Srinagar bombings">2006 Srinagar bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Doda_massacre" title="2006 Doda massacre">2006 Doda massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2013_Srinagar_attack" title="March 2013 Srinagar attack">March 2013 Srinagar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Uri_attack" title="2016 Uri attack">2016 Uri attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Amarnath_Yatra_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Amarnath Yatra attack">2017 Amarnath Yatra attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Sunjuwan_attack" title="2018 Sunjuwan attack">2018 Sunjuwan attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Pulwama_attack" title="2019 Pulwama attack">2019 Pulwama attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Srinagar_bombing" title="2022 Srinagar bombing">2022 Srinagar bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Militant organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_Kashmir_Liberation_Front" title="Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front">Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehreek-e-Hurriyat" title="Tehreek-e-Hurriyat">Tehreek-e-Hurriyat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizbul_Mujahideen" title="Hizbul Mujahideen">Hizbul Mujahideen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashkar-e-Taiba" title="Lashkar-e-Taiba">Lashkar-e-Taiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaish-e-Mohammed" title="Jaish-e-Mohammed">Jaish-e-Mohammed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkat-ul-Mujahideen" title="Harkat-ul-Mujahideen">Harkat-ul-Mujahideen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkat-ul-Mujahideen#Harkat_ul-Ansar" title="Harkat-ul-Mujahideen">Harkat ul-Ansar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Badr_(Jammu_and_Kashmir)" title="Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)">Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_Ghazwat-ul-Hind" title="Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind">Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukhtaran-e-Millat" title="Dukhtaran-e-Millat">Dukhtaran-e-Millat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_%E2%80%93_Khorasan_Province" title="Islamic State – Khorasan Province">Islamic State – Khorasan Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehreek-e-Azaadi_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Tehreek-e-Azaadi Jammu and Kashmir">Tehreek-e-Azaadi Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Jihad_Council" title="United Jihad Council">United Jihad Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>19 January— <a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Kashmiri_Hindus" title="Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus">Jammu and Kashmir Exodus Day</a></li> <li>5 February— <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Solidarity_Day" title="Kashmir Solidarity Day">Kashmir Solidarity Day</a></li> <li>13 July— <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Martyrs%27_Day" title="Kashmir Martyrs' Day">Kashmir Martyrs' Day</a></li> <li>5 August— <a href="/wiki/Youm-e-Istehsal" title="Youm-e-Istehsal">Youm-e-Istehsal</a></li> <li>22 October— <a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Black_Day" title="Jammu and Kashmir Black Day">Jammu and Kashmir Black Day</a> (Invasion Day)</li> <li>24 October— <a href="/wiki/Azad_Kashmir_Day" title="Azad Kashmir Day">Azad Kashmir Day</a></li> <li>26 October— <a href="/wiki/Accession_Day_(Jammu_and_Kashmir)" title="Accession Day (Jammu and Kashmir)">Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Kashmiri_Hindus" title="Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus">Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Kashmir" title="Human rights abuses in Kashmir">Human rights abuses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OHCHR_reports_on_Kashmir" title="OHCHR reports on Kashmir">OHCHR reports on Kashmir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Kashmir_conflict" title="Rape during the Kashmir conflict">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikhwan_(Kashmir)" title="Ikhwan (Kashmir)">Ikhwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowd_control_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Crowd control in Jammu and Kashmir">Crowd control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_pelting_in_Kashmir" title="Stone pelting in Kashmir">Stone pelting</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peacebuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Women's rights in Jammu and Kashmir">Women's rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over_ground_worker" title="Over ground worker">Over ground workers</a> (OGWs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_Defence_Committees" class="mw-redirect" title="Village Defence Committees">Village Defence Committees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_India–Pakistan_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Pakistan&#124;link=Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Template:India–Pakistan relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Template talk:India–Pakistan relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:India–Pakistan relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_India–Pakistan_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Pakistan&#124;link=Pakistan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">India–Pakistan relations</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_high_commissioners_of_India_to_Pakistan" title="List of high commissioners of India to Pakistan">High Commissioners of India to Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commission_of_Pakistan,_New_Delhi" title="High Commission of Pakistan, New Delhi">High Commission of Pakistan, New Delhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karachi_Agreement" title="Karachi Agreement">Karachi Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah%E2%80%93Mountbatten_talks" title="Jinnah–Mountbatten talks">Jinnah–Mountbatten talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaquat%E2%80%93Nehru_Pact" title="Liaquat–Nehru Pact">Liaquat–Nehru Pact</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evacuee_Trust_Property_Board" title="Evacuee Trust Property Board">Evacuee Trust Property Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Waters_Treaty" title="Indus Waters Treaty">Indus Waters Treaty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Indus_Commission" title="Permanent Indus Commission">Permanent Indus Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tashkent_Declaration" title="Tashkent Declaration">Tashkent Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simla_Agreement" title="Simla Agreement">Simla Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Agreement" title="Delhi Agreement">Delhi Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_on_Visits_to_Religious_Shrines_1974" title="Protocol on Visits to Religious Shrines 1974">Protocol on Visits to Religious Shrines 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Nuclear_Aggression_Agreement" title="Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement">Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan%E2%80%93India_Pipeline" title="Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline">Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Declaration" title="Lahore Declaration">Lahore Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Pakistan_gas_pipeline" title="Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline">Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agra_Summit" title="Agra Summit">Agra Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pak_Joint_Judicial_Committee" title="Indo-Pak Joint Judicial Committee">Indo-Pak Joint Judicial Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_maritime_trespassing" title="India–Pakistan maritime trespassing">India–Pakistan maritime trespassing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Creek" title="Sir Creek">Sir Creek</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavir/Sadqi_International_Parade_Ground" title="Mahavir/Sadqi International Parade Ground">Mahavir/Sadqi International Parade Ground</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">Conflicts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Indian Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir">Indian Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Junagadh" title="Annexation of Junagadh">Annexation of Junagadh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1947%E2%80%931948" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1947–1948">Indo-Pakistani war of 1947–1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Balochistan" title="Insurgency in Balochistan">Insurgency in Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1965">Indo-Pakistani war of 1965</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Gibraltar" title="Operation Gibraltar">Operation Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custodian_for_Enemy_Property_for_India" title="Custodian for Enemy Property for India">Custodian for Enemy Property for India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1971" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1971">Indo-Pakistani war of 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Pakistani Instrument of Surrender">Pakistani Instrument of Surrender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad%E2%80%93New_Delhi_hotline" title="Islamabad–New Delhi hotline">Islamabad–New Delhi hotline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_the_Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1971" title="Prisoners of war in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971">POWs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_of_Control" title="Line of Control">Line of Control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NJ9842" title="NJ9842">NJ9842</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siachen_conflict" title="Siachen conflict">Siachen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tupac" title="Operation Tupac">Operation Tupac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir">Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarnath_land_transfer_controversy" title="Amarnath land transfer controversy">2008 Kashmir unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Kashmir_unrest" title="2010 Kashmir unrest">2010 Kashmir unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932017_Kashmir_unrest" title="2016–2017 Kashmir unrest">2016–2017 Kashmir unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932021_Jammu_and_Kashmir_lockdown" title="2019–2021 Jammu and Kashmir lockdown">2019–2021 lockdown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence_activities_in_India" title="Inter-Services Intelligence activities in India">Inter-Services Intelligence activities in India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_Amritsar_train_massacre" title="1947 Amritsar train massacre">1947 Amritsar train massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_water_dispute_of_1948" title="Indo-Pakistani water dispute of 1948">Indo-Pakistani water dispute of 1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Pakistan_Agreement" title="Sino-Pakistan Agreement">Sino-Pakistan Agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Karakoram_Tract" title="Trans-Karakoram Tract">Trans-Karakoram Tract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Canberra_shootdown" title="1959 Canberra shootdown">1959 Canberra shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Indian_Airlines_hijacking" title="1971 Indian Airlines hijacking">1971 Indian Airlines hijacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Singh" title="Kashmir Singh">Kashmir Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_spy_scandal" title="Samba spy scandal">Samba spy scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Airlines_Flight_423" title="Indian Airlines Flight 423">Indian Airlines Flight 423</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravindra_Kaushik" title="Ravindra Kaushik">Ravindra Kaushik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Am_Flight_73" title="Pan Am Flight 73">Pan Am Flight 73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Brasstacks" title="Operation Brasstacks">Operation Brasstacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarabjit_Singh" title="Sarabjit Singh">Sarabjit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanaullah_Haq" title="Sanaullah Haq">Sanaullah Haq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_floods" title="1992 India–Pakistan floods">1992 India–Pakistan floods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Pakistan_Breguet_1150_Atlantic_shootdown" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 Pakistan Breguet 1150 Atlantic shootdown">1999 Pakistan Breguet 1150 Atlantic shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beheading_of_Bhausaheb_Maruti_Talekar" title="Beheading of Bhausaheb Maruti Talekar">Beheading of Bhausaheb Maruti Talekar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Indian_Parliament_attack" title="2001 Indian Parliament attack">2001 Indian Parliament attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001%E2%80%932002_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_standoff" title="2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff">2001–2002 standoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Samjhauta_Express_bombings" title="2007 Samjhauta Express bombings">2007 Samjhauta Express bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Mumbai_attacks" title="2008 Mumbai attacks">2008 Mumbai attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_standoff" title="2008 India–Pakistan standoff">2008 military standoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmish" title="2011 India–Pakistan border skirmish">2011 border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaleel_Chishty" title="Khaleel Chishty">Khaleel Chishty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2013 border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%932015_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2014–2015 border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_floods" title="2014 India–Pakistan floods">2014 India–Pakistan floods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Wagah_border_suicide_attack" title="2014 Wagah border suicide attack">2014 Wagah border suicide attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulbhushan_Jadhav" title="Kulbhushan Jadhav">Kulbhushan Jadhav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Pathankot_attack" title="2016 Pathankot attack">2016 Pathankot attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Uri_attack" title="2016 Uri attack">2016 Uri attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Indian_Line_of_Control_strike" title="2016 Indian Line of Control strike">2016 Indian Line of Control strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2016–2018 border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Balakot_airstrike" title="2019 Balakot airstrike">2019 Balakot airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Jammu_and_Kashmir_airstrikes" title="2019 Jammu and Kashmir airstrikes">2019 Jammu and Kashmir airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_2019_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_standoff" title="Media coverage of 2019 India–Pakistan standoff">Media coverage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2020–21 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2020–2021 skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Lahore_bombing" title="2021 Lahore bombing">2021 Lahore bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_missile_incident" title="2022 India–Pakistan missile incident">2022 missile incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_India-Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2023 India-Pakistan border skirmishes">2023 border skirmishes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border" title="India–Pakistan border">Border</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wagah" title="Wagah">Wagah</a>-<a href="/wiki/Attari" title="Attari">Attari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attari%E2%80%93Wagah_border_ceremony" title="Attari–Wagah border ceremony">Attari–Wagah border ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganda_Singh_Wala" title="Ganda Singh Wala">Ganda Singh Wala</a>-<a href="/wiki/Hussainiwala" title="Hussainiwala">Hussainiwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartarpur_Corridor" title="Kartarpur Corridor">Kartarpur Corridor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Pakistan" title="Indians in Pakistan">Indians in Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_India" title="Pakistanis in India">Pakistanis in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Indian_sentiment" title="Anti-Indian sentiment">Anti-Indian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Pakistan_sentiment" title="Anti-Pakistan sentiment">Anti-Pakistan sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_India" title="Illegal immigration to India">Illegal immigration to India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_refugees" title="East Bengali refugees">East Bengali refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_sports_rivalries" title="India–Pakistan sports rivalries">Sports rivalries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_cricket_rivalry" title="India–Pakistan cricket rivalry">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_field_hockey_rivalry" title="India–Pakistan field hockey rivalry">Field hockey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_between_India_and_Pakistan" title="Transport between India and Pakistan">Transport between India and Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delhi%E2%80%93Lahore_Bus" title="Delhi–Lahore Bus">Delhi–Lahore Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu%E2%80%93Sialkot_line" title="Jammu–Sialkot line">Jammu–Sialkot line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonch-Rawalakot_Bus" title="Poonch-Rawalakot Bus">Poonch-Rawalakot Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samjhauta_Express" title="Samjhauta Express">Samjhauta Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinagar%E2%80%93Muzaffarabad_Bus" title="Srinagar–Muzaffarabad Bus">Srinagar–Muzaffarabad Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thar_Express" title="Thar Express">Thar Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_Mail" title="Sind Mail">Sind Mail</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_House" title="Jinnah House">Jinnah House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaghaz-e-Dosti" title="Aaghaz-e-Dosti">Aaghaz-e-Dosti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aman_ki_Asha" title="Aman ki Asha">Aman ki Asha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reunification" title="Indian reunification">Indian reunification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_Confederation" title="Indo-Pakistani Confederation">Indo-Pakistani Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhand_Bharat" title="Akhand Bharat">Akhand Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi%E2%80%93Urdu_controversy" title="Hindi–Urdu controversy">Hindi–Urdu controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_textbooks_controversy" title="Pakistani textbooks controversy">Pakistani textbooks controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishanganga_Hydroelectric_Project" title="Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project">Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_arms_race" title="Nuclear arms race">Nuclear arms race</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="India and weapons of mass destruction">India and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction">Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partial_Nuclear_Test_Ban_Treaty" title="Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty">Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism">Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleed_India_with_a_Thousand_Cuts" title="Bleed India with a Thousand Cuts">Bleed India with a Thousand Cuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Concept_of_War_Fighting" title="New Concept of War Fighting">New Concept of War Fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Start_(military_doctrine)" title="Cold Start (military doctrine)">Cold Start</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foodistan" title="Foodistan">Foodistan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankar%E2%80%93Ehsaan%E2%80%93Loy_Inspiration:_Aman_Ki_Aasha_tour" title="Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy Inspiration: Aman Ki Aasha tour">Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy Inspiration: Aman Ki Aasha tour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Category:India–Pakistan relations">Category:India–Pakistan relations</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anti-war_and_peace_movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anti-war" title="Template:Anti-war"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anti-war" title="Template talk:Anti-war"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anti-war" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anti-war"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anti-war_and_peace_movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_movement" title="Anti-war movement">Anti-war</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peace_movement" title="Peace movement">peace movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peace advocates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-nuclear_organizations" title="Anti-nuclear organizations">Anti-nuclear organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_movement" title="Anti-war movement">Anti-war movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_organizations" title="List of anti-war organizations">Anti-war organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions" title="Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions">Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_of_Women_for_Peace" title="Coalition of Women for Peace">Coalition of Women for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_Pink" title="Code Pink">Code Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">Conscientious objectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Peace" title="Culture of Peace">Culture of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECOPEACE_Party" title="ECOPEACE Party">ECOPEACE Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenham_Common_Women%27s_Peace_Camp" title="Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp">Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_resisters_in_Canada" title="Iraq War resisters in Canada">Iraq War resisters in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pacifist_organisations" title="List of pacifist organisations">List of pacifist organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peace_activists" title="List of peace activists">List of peace activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Socialist_Party_of_Japan" title="New Socialist Party of Japan">New Socialist Party of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifist_Socialist_Party" title="Pacifist Socialist Party">Pacifist Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_conflict_studies" title="Peace and conflict studies">Peace and conflict studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_camp" title="Peace camp">Peace camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_churches" title="Peace churches">Peace churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_commission" title="Peace commission">Peace commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_conference" title="Peace conference">Peace conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_congress" title="Peace congress">Peace congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_education" title="Peace education">Peace education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_movement" title="Peace movement">Peace movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_psychology" title="Peace psychology">Peace psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_treaty" title="Peace treaty">Peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peaceworker" title="Peaceworker">Peaceworker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/React,_Include,_Recycle" title="React, Include, Recycle">React, Include, Recycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Social Democratic Party (Japan)">Social Democratic Party (Japan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_(Swedish_political_party)" title="Unity (Swedish political party)">Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Women%27s_Peace_Crusade" title="The Women's Peace Crusade">The Women's Peace Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_resister" title="War resister">War resisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_League_for_Peace_and_Freedom" title="Women's International League for Peace and Freedom">Women's International League for Peace and Freedom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li>Anarchism <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-pacifism" title="Anarcho-pacifism">Anarcho-pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-punk" title="Anarcho-punk">Anarcho-punks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">Christian anarchism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-nuclear_movement" title="Anti-nuclear movement">Anti-nuclear movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimilitarism" title="Antimilitarism">Antimilitarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeasement" title="Appeasement">Appeasement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pacifism" title="Christian pacifism">Christian pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterrence_theory" title="Deterrence theory">Deterrence theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">Direct action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finvenkismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Finvenkismo">Finvenkismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_politics" title="Green politics">Green politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">Hippie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolationism" title="Isolationism">Isolationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern-war_pacifism" title="Modern-war pacifism">Modern-war pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-interventionism" title="Non-interventionism">Non-interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonkilling" title="Nonkilling">Nonkilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">Nonviolence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacificism" title="Pacificism">Pacificism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism" title="Pacifism">Pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace" title="Peace">Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyagraha" title="Satyagraha">Satyagraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_influence_on_the_peace_movement" title="Soviet influence on the peace movement">Soviet influence on the peace movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testimony_of_peace" title="Testimony of peace">Testimony of peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_peace" title="World peace">World peace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media and cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anti-war_art" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Anti-war art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_with_anti-war_themes" title="List of books with anti-war themes">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_Yutel_for_Peace" title="Concert Yutel for Peace">Concert Yutel for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_of_Universal_Peace" title="Dances of Universal Peace">Dances of Universal Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_for_Peace" title="Festival for Peace">Festival for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" title="List of anti-war films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_Piano_Peace_Project" title="Imagine Piano Peace Project">Imagine Piano Peace Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Non-Violence" title="International Day of Non-Violence">International Day of Non-Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Peace" title="International Day of Peace">International Day of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_Among_Civilizations" title="Dialogue Among Civilizations">Dialogue Among Civilizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peace_prizes" title="List of peace prizes">List of peace prizes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_named_after_peace" title="List of places named after peace">List of places named Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peace_monuments_and_memorials" title="Category:Peace monuments and memorials">Monuments and memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_Proclamation" title="Mother's Day Proclamation">Mother's Day Proclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize_Concert" title="Nobel Peace Prize Concert">Nobel Peace Prize Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_museum" title="Peace museum">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_%26_Love_(festival)" title="Peace & Love (festival)">Peace & Love (festival)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_journalism" title="Peace journalism">Peace journalism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Peace_News" title="Peace News">Peace News</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promoting_Enduring_Peace" title="Promoting Enduring Peace">Promoting Enduring Peace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_One_Day" title="Peace One Day">Peace One Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_plays_with_anti-war_themes" title="List of plays with anti-war themes">Plays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promoting_Enduring_Peace" title="Promoting Enduring Peace">Promoting Enduring Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show_of_Peace_Concert" title="Show of Peace Concert">Show of Peace Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_songs" title="List of anti-war songs">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_symbols" title="Peace symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Non-Violence_Project" title="The Non-Violence Project">The Non-Violence Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_Peace" title="University for Peace">University for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Bell_Association" title="World Peace Bell Association">World Peace Bell Association</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Peace_Bell" title="Japanese Peace Bell">Japanese Peace Bell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Black" title="Women in Black">Women in Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_March_for_Peace_and_Nonviolence" title="World March for Peace and Nonviolence">World March for Peace and Nonviolence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Slogans and tactics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">Bed-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_be-ins" title="Central Park be-ins">Central Park be-ins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">Civil disobedience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_resolution" title="Conflict resolution">Conflict resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-recruitment" title="Counter-recruitment">Counter-recruitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-escalation" title="De-escalation">De-escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demilitarisation" title="Demilitarisation">Demilitarisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Peace" title="Department of Peace">Department of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desertion" title="Desertion">Desertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draft_evasion" title="Draft evasion">Draft evasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die-in" title="Die-in">Die-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_sanctions" title="Economic sanctions">Economic sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_power" title="Flower power">Flower power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Day_of_Action_on_Military_Spending" title="Global Day of Action on Military Spending">Global Day of Action on Military Spending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Be-In" title="Human Be-In">Human Be-In</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesson_of_Munich" title="Lesson of Munich">Lesson of Munich</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Make_love,_not_war" title="Make love, not war">Make love, not war</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-aggression_principle" title="Non-aggression principle">Non-aggression principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonviolent_resistance" title="Nonviolent resistance">Nonviolent resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Violent_Resistance_(psychological_intervention)" title="Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)">Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_walk" title="Peace walk">Peace walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacebuilding" title="Peacebuilding">Peacebuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusal_to_serve_in_the_Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces">Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Soldiers_are_murderers" title="Soldiers are murderers">Soldiers are murderers</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swords_to_ploughshares" title="Swords to ploughshares">Swords to ploughshares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teach-in" title="Teach-in">Teach-in</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_whole_world_is_watching" title="The whole world is watching">The whole world is watching</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_Non-violent_Intervention" title="Third Party Non-violent Intervention">Third Party Non-violent Intervention</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Turning_the_other_cheek" title="Turning the other cheek">Turn the other cheek</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Violence_begets_violence" title="Violence begets violence">Violence begets violence</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_resistance" title="Tax resistance">War tax resisters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opposition to specific<br />wars or their aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>War of 1812 (<a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_War_of_1812_in_Britain" title="Opposition to the War of 1812 in Britain">UK</a>; <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_War_of_1812_in_the_United_States" title="Opposition to the War of 1812 in the United States">US</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_American_Civil_War" title="Opposition to the American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Second_Boer_War" title="Opposition to the Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_World_War_I" title="Opposition to World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_World_War_II" title="Opposition to World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protests_against_the_Vietnam_War" title="List of protests against the Vietnam War">list of protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_war_on_terror" title="Criticism of the war on terror">War on Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Iraq_War" title="Opposition to the Iraq War">Iraq War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Iraq_War" title="Criticism of the Iraq War">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_Iraq_War" title="Protests against the Iraq War">Protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="Opposition to the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">Afghanistan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_military_action_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to military action against Iran">Military action in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="Protests against the Sri Lankan civil war">Sri Lankan Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="Protests against the 2011 military intervention in Libya">2011 intervention in Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Protests against the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 anti-war protests in Russia">in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Far_Eastern_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Far Eastern protests">in Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines">Landmines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objection_to_military_taxation" title="Conscientious objection to military taxation">Military taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">Nuclear disarmament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_for_the_Total_Elimination_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons">International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_convention" title="Nuclear weapons convention">Nuclear weapons convention</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pacifism_in_Canada" title="Category:Pacifism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article_12_of_the_Constitution_of_Costa_Rica" title="Article 12 of the Constitution of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism_in_Germany" title="Pacifism in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a 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title="War termination">War termination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_peace" title="World peace">World peace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_peace" title="Capitalist peace">Capitalist peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complex_system_approach_to_peace_and_armed_conflict" title="Complex system approach to peace and armed conflict">Complex system approach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_continuum" title="Conflict continuum">Conflict continuum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_peace_theory" title="Democratic peace theory">Democratic peace theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_peacebuilding" title="Environmental peacebuilding">Environmental peacebuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_for_Peace" title="Infrastructure for Peace">Infrastructure for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_peace_theory" title="Territorial peace theory">Territorial peace theory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional peacebuilding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_normalization" title="Arab–Israeli normalization">Arab–Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_peace_process" title="Cyprus peace process">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process" title="Israeli–Palestinian peace process">Israel–Palestine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%932004_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_peace_initiatives" title="1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives">Kurdish/Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Middle_East_peace_proposals" title="List of Middle East peace proposals">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_negotiations_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_peace_process" title="Yemeni peace process">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_periods_of_regional_peace" title="List of periods of regional peace">List of periods of regional peace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peace mechanisms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="post-WWII_Europe" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">post-WWII Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Accords" title="Helsinki Accords">Helsinki Accords</a> (1975)</li> <li>human rights <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Mechanism" title="Moscow Mechanism">Vienna + Moscow Mechanisms</a> (1989/1991)</li></ul></li> <li>military <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Conventional_Armed_Forces_in_Europe" title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe">Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE)</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Document" title="Vienna Document">Vienna Document</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Open_Skies" title="Treaty on Open Skies">Treaty on Open Skies</a> (1992)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peace_treaty" title="Peace treaty">Peace 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