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class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879458">.mw-parser-output .cmbox{margin:3px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#dfe8ff;box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base)}.mw-parser-output .cmbox-speedy{border:4px solid #b32424;background-color:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output .cmbox-delete{background-color:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output .cmbox-content{background-color:#ffe7ce}.mw-parser-output .cmbox-style{background-color:#fff9db}.mw-parser-output .cmbox-move{background-color:#e4d8ff}.mw-parser-output .cmbox-protection{background-color:#efefe1}.mw-parser-output .cmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .cmbox 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox-delete{background-color:#300}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox-content{background-color:#331a00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox-style{background-color:#332b00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox-move{background-color:#08001a}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox-protection{background-color:#212112}}</style><table class="plainlinks cmbox cmbox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: center;">This category is <a href="/wiki/Category:Hidden_categories" title="Category:Hidden categories">not shown</a> on its member pages unless the appropriate <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpshowhiddencats" title="Special:Preferences">user preference</a> (appearance → show hidden categories) is set.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This category lists pages that have cs1|2 templates that use <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi=</code>, where a <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">digital object identifier</a> <b>doi</b> value has been specified but then recognized as inactive. These are collected in <a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive">Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive</a>. </p><p>This may represent: </p> <ul><li>An incorrectly specified DOI. In this case, the DOI in question should be corrected.</li> <li>A DOI awaiting entry into the <a href="/wiki/Handle_System" title="Handle System">Handle System</a> system. In this case, the DOI will soon be active, and a bot will remove the doi-broken-date parameter next time it checks the transcluding article. The article will be correctly listed in this category but does not require further editing until the DOI becomes active.</li> <li>A system error with the DOI resolving agency. This should be reported to the DOI resolver (e.g. Crossref) so that it can be fixed - preferably including a link to the journal article claiming the link as further information.</li> <li>Publisher issues. A new publisher may have taken over a journal, or a publisher may not yet support DOIs, despite assigning them. In this case, the DOI may not produce a usable hyperlink but still serves as a permanent identifier for the article in question. It should be marked using the <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|doi-broken-date=</code> parameter of <span>{{<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates#Examples" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">cite xxx</a>}}</span>. The article will then be correctly listed in this category until the DOI becomes active. The DOI error report method might not work for these, since the publisher and the DOI owner are not the same.</li> <li>The DOI has changed, such as the Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine which changed its DOIs when it changed publishers.</li> <li>Internal use only DOI. The American Medical Association, for example, assigns a DOI to all of its journal articles, but many of these are only in the META tags on the web pages and Crossref will not resolve these. Since these can be found with an Internet search engine and might eventually resolve they should be left in the citation.</li> <li>The DOI resolves to a dead link. These are hard to report, since the doi.org thinks the DOI works and sometimes the journal no longer exists.</li></ul> <p><br> Pages in this category should only be added by Module:Citation/CS1. </p> <hr> <p>By default, <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_2" title="Help:Citation Style 2">Citation Style 2</a> <span style="color:#d33">error messages</span> are visible to all readers and <span style="color:#3a3">maintenance messages</span> are hidden from all readers. </p><p>To display <span style="color:#3a3">maintenance messages</span> in the rendered article, include the following text in your common <a href="/wiki/Cascading_Stylesheets" class="mw-redirect" title="Cascading Stylesheets">CSS</a> page (<a href="/wiki/Special:MyPage/common.css" title="Special:MyPage/common.css">common.css</a>) or your specific skin's CSS page and (<a href="/wiki/Special:MyPage/skin.css" title="Special:MyPage/skin.css">skin.css</a>). </p><p>(Note to new editors: those CSS pages are specific to you, and control your view of pages, by adding to your user account's <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a> code. If you have not yet created such a page, then clicking one of the <code>.css</code> links above will yield a page that starts "Wikipedia does not have a <a href="/wiki/User_page" class="mw-redirect" title="User page">user page</a> with this exact name." Click the "Start the User:<i>username</i>/<i>filename</i> page" link, paste the text below, save the page, follow the instructions at the bottom of the new page on bypassing your browser's cache, and finally, in order to see the previously hidden maintenance messages, refresh the page you were editing earlier.) </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">mw-parser-output</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">cs1-maint</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">inline</span><span class="p">;}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* display Citation Style 1 maintenance messages */</span> </pre></div> <p>To display hidden-by-default <span style="color:#d33">error messages</span>: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">mw-parser-output</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">cs1-hidden-error</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">inline</span><span class="p">;}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* display hidden Citation Style 1 error messages */</span> </pre></div> <p>Even with this CSS installed, older pages in Wikipedia's cache may not have been updated to show these error messages even though the page is listed in one of the tracking categories. A <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NULLEDIT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NULLEDIT">null edit</a> will resolve that issue. </p><p>After (error and/maintenance) messages are displayed, it might still not be easy to find them in a large article with a lot of citations. Messages can then be found by searching (with Ctrl-F) for "(help)" or "cs1". </p><p>To hide normally-displayed <span style="color:#d33">error messages</span>: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">mw-parser-output</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">cs1-visible-error</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">none</span><span class="p">;}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* hide Citation Style 1 error messages */</span> </pre></div> <p>You can personalize the display of these messages (such as changing the color), but you will need to ask someone who knows CSS or at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VPT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VPT">the technical village pump</a> if you do not understand how. </p><p><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Nota bene</i></span>: these CSS rules are not obeyed by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups">Navigation popups</a>. They also do not hide script warning messages in the Preview box that begin with "This is only a preview; your changes have not yet been saved". </p> <div role="navigation" style="margin-top: 1em" id="toc"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1111373778">.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc-body{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc-scroll{overflow-x:scroll;overflow-y:hidden;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc.mw-collapsible{padding:4px;text-align:center;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc .mw-collapsible-content{background-color:white;font-family:monospace,monospace}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc .mw-collapsible-content>span{border-bottom:1px solid #eaecf0}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc-jumpy-title{margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc.mw-collapsible .toctitle,.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc-title,.mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc-anum{font-weight:bold}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc{padding:7px}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .large-cat-toc .toctitle{text-align:center}</style><div class="large-cat-toc plainlinks toc"><div class="toctitle"><span class="large-cat-toc-title">Contents:</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024">Top</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=0">0–9</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=A">A</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=B">B</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=C">C</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=D">D</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=E">E</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=F">F</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=G">G</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=H">H</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=I">I</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=J">J</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=K">K</a> 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href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=S">S</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=T">T</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=U">U</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=V">V</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=W">W</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=X">X</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Y">Y</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Z">Z</a></div><div class="large-cat-toc-body"><span> <span class="large-cat-toc-anum"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=*">*</a></span> <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">#</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=0">0</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=1">1</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=2">2</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=3">3</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=4">4</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=5">5</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=6">6</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=7">7</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=8">8</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=9">9</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">A</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Aa">Aa</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ae">Ae</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Aj">Aj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ao">Ao</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=At">At</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">B</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ba">Ba</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Be">Be</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Bj">Bj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Bo">Bo</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Bt">Bt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">C</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ca">Ca</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ce">Ce</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Cj">Cj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Co">Co</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ct">Ct</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">D</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Da">Da</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=De">De</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Dj">Dj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Do">Do</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Dt">Dt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">E</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ea">Ea</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ee">Ee</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ej">Ej</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Eo">Eo</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Et">Et</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">F</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Fa">Fa</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Fe">Fe</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Fj">Fj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Fo">Fo</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ft">Ft</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">G</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ga">Ga</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ge">Ge</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Gj">Gj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Go">Go</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Gt">Gt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">H</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ha">Ha</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=He">He</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Hj">Hj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ho">Ho</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ht">Ht</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">I</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ia">Ia</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ie">Ie</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ij">Ij</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Io">Io</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=It">It</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">J</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ja">Ja</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Je">Je</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Jj">Jj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Jo">Jo</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Jt">Jt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">K</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ka">Ka</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ke">Ke</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Kj">Kj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ko">Ko</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Kt">Kt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">L</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=La">La</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Le">Le</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Lj">Lj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Lo">Lo</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Lt">Lt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">M</span> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Ma">Ma</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Me">Me</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Mj">Mj</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Mo">Mo</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024?from=Mt">Mt</a> • <span class="large-cat-toc-anum">N</span> <a class="external text" 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dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-category mw-category-columns"><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>0–9</h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-day_CPET" title="2-day CPET">2-day CPET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Me-PVP" title="2-Me-PVP">2-Me-PVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-dihydroxypyridine_5,6-dioxygenase" title="2,5-dihydroxypyridine 5,6-dioxygenase">2,5-dihydroxypyridine 5,6-dioxygenase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Idiots" title="3 Idiots">3 Idiots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3F-NEB" title="3F-NEB">3F-NEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium_BC_in_music" title="3rd millennium BC in music">3rd millennium BC in music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Cl-3-MMC" title="4-Cl-3-MMC">4-Cl-3-MMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4.2-kiloyear_event" title="4.2-kiloyear event">4.2-kiloyear event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate%E2%80%94homocysteine_S-methyltransferase" title="5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate—homocysteine S-methyltransferase">5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate—homocysteine S-methyltransferase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5%CE%B1-Reductase" title="5α-Reductase">5α-Reductase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11%CE%B2-Hydroxysteroid_dehydrogenase_type_1" title="11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1">11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/850s" title="850s">850s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/856" title="856">856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000minds" title="1000minds">1000minds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1060" title="1060">1060</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1060s" title="1060s">1060s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1130" title="1130">1130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1130s" title="1130s">1130s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1139" title="1139">1139</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1540s" title="1540s">1540s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1542" title="1542">1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1604_Arica_earthquake" title="1604 Arica earthquake">1604 Arica earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1610s" title="1610s">1610s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1616" title="1616">1616</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1678_Kediri_campaign" title="1678 Kediri campaign">1678 Kediri campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1698_Ambato_earthquake" title="1698 Ambato earthquake">1698 Ambato earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election">1888 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1889%E2%80%931890_pandemic" title="1889–1890 pandemic">1889–1890 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Xalapa_earthquake" title="1920 Xalapa earthquake">1920 Xalapa earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_North_Izu_earthquake" title="1930 North Izu earthquake">1930 North Izu earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_in_science" title="1943 in science">1943 in science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Ancash_earthquake" title="1946 Ancash earthquake">1946 Ancash earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1950 Atlantic hurricane season">1950 Atlantic hurricane season</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_in_Pakistan" title="1951 in Pakistan">1951 in Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Ethiopian%E2%80%93Somali_Border_War" title="1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War">1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Portugal_earthquake" title="1969 Portugal earthquake">1969 Portugal earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Carnegie_Mellon_Tartans_football_team" title="1973 Carnegie Mellon Tartans football team">1973 Carnegie Mellon Tartans football team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Khurgu_earthquake" title="1977 Khurgu earthquake">1977 Khurgu earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Petatl%C3%A1n_earthquake" title="1979 Petatlán earthquake">1979 Petatlán earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Nepal_earthquake" title="1980 Nepal earthquake">1980 Nepal earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Ohio_earthquake" title="1986 Ohio earthquake">1986 Ohio earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Superstition_Hills_earthquakes" title="1987 Superstition Hills earthquakes">1987 Superstition Hills earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990s_uprising_in_Bahrain" title="1990s uprising in Bahrain">1990s uprising in Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Storming_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan" title="1997 Storming of the Supreme Court of Pakistan">1997 Storming of the Supreme Court of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_election_voting_controversies" title="2004 United States election voting controversies">2004 United States election voting controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Tuareg_rebellion" title="2006 Tuareg rebellion">2006 Tuareg rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Chinese_export_recalls" title="2007 Chinese export recalls">2007 Chinese export recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2010 in archosaur paleontology">2010 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2011 in archosaur paleontology">2011 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_in_paleontology" title="2012 in paleontology">2012 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_in_paleobotany" title="2013 in paleobotany">2013 in paleobotany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_in_paleontology" title="2013 in paleontology">2013 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2014 in archosaur paleontology">2014 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_arthropod_paleontology" title="2014 in arthropod paleontology">2014 in arthropod paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_paleomalacology" title="2014 in paleomalacology">2014 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_paleontology" title="2014 in paleontology">2014 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_paleoichthyology" title="2015 in paleoichthyology">2015 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_paleomalacology" title="2015 in paleomalacology">2015 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_paleomammalogy" title="2015 in paleomammalogy">2015 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_paleontology" title="2015 in paleontology">2015 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2016 in archosaur paleontology">2016 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_paleoentomology" title="2016 in paleoentomology">2016 in paleoentomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_paleomalacology" title="2016 in paleomalacology">2016 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_paleomammalogy" title="2016 in paleomammalogy">2016 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Irkutsk_mass_methanol_poisoning" title="2016 Irkutsk mass methanol poisoning">2016 Irkutsk mass methanol poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2017 in archosaur paleontology">2017 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_paleoichthyology" title="2017 in paleoichthyology">2017 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_paleomammalogy" title="2017 in paleomammalogy">2017 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2018 in archosaur paleontology">2018 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_arthropod_paleontology" title="2018 in arthropod paleontology">2018 in arthropod paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_paleoichthyology" title="2018 in paleoichthyology">2018 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_paleomalacology" title="2018 in paleomalacology">2018 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_paleomammalogy" title="2018 in paleomammalogy">2018 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_paleontology" title="2018 in paleontology">2018 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_reptile_paleontology" title="2018 in reptile paleontology">2018 in reptile paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_paleoentomology" title="2019 in paleoentomology">2019 in paleoentomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_paleoichthyology" title="2019 in paleoichthyology">2019 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_paleomalacology" title="2019 in paleomalacology">2019 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_paleomammalogy" title="2019 in paleomammalogy">2019 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_paleontology" title="2019 in paleontology">2019 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_primate_paleontology" title="2019 in primate paleontology">2019 in primate paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_reptile_paleontology" title="2019 in reptile paleontology">2019 in reptile paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Swiss_women%27s_strike" title="2019 Swiss women's strike">2019 Swiss women's strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_paleoentomology" title="2020 in paleoentomology">2020 in paleoentomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_paleoichthyology" title="2020 in paleoichthyology">2020 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_paleomalacology" title="2020 in paleomalacology">2020 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_paleomammalogy" title="2020 in paleomammalogy">2020 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_paleontology" title="2020 in paleontology">2020 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_in_paleoichthyology" title="2021 in paleoichthyology">2021 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_in_paleomalacology" title="2021 in paleomalacology">2021 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Hunga_Tonga%E2%80%93Hunga_Ha%CA%BBapai_eruption_and_tsunami" title="2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami">2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2022 in archosaur paleontology">2022 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_paleobotany" title="2022 in paleobotany">2022 in paleobotany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_paleomalacology" title="2022 in paleomalacology">2022 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_paleomammalogy" title="2022 in paleomammalogy">2022 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_paleontology" title="2022 in paleontology">2022 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_paleobotany" title="2023 in paleobotany">2023 in paleobotany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_paleoentomology" title="2023 in paleoentomology">2023 in paleoentomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_paleomalacology" title="2023 in paleomalacology">2023 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_paleomammalogy" title="2023 in paleomammalogy">2023 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_reptile_paleontology" title="2023 in reptile paleontology">2023 in reptile paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Argentina_protests" title="2024 Argentina protests">2024 Argentina protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_archosaur_paleontology" title="2024 in archosaur paleontology">2024 in archosaur paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_arthropod_paleontology" title="2024 in arthropod paleontology">2024 in arthropod paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_paleoentomology" title="2024 in paleoentomology">2024 in paleoentomology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_paleoichthyology" title="2024 in paleoichthyology">2024 in paleoichthyology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_paleomalacology" title="2024 in paleomalacology">2024 in paleomalacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_paleomammalogy" title="2024 in paleomammalogy">2024 in paleomammalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_paleontology" title="2024 in paleontology">2024 in paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6061_aluminium_alloy" title="6061 aluminium alloy">6061 aluminium alloy</a></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>A</h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Tribute_for_the_Negro" title="A Tribute for the Negro">A Tribute for the Negro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Aaronson" title="Lazarus Aaronson">Lazarus Aaronson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB7" title="AB7">AB7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaddon" title="Abaddon">Abaddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abamectin" title="Abamectin">Abamectin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abatur" title="Abatur">Abatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamran_Abbasi" title="Kamran Abbasi">Kamran Abbasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Abberley" title="Paul Abberley">Paul Abberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABC_(newspaper)" title="ABC (newspaper)">ABC (newspaper)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABCC10" title="ABCC10">ABCC10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahlan_Abdullah" title="Dahlan Abdullah">Dahlan Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melina_Abdullah" title="Melina Abdullah">Melina Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClmecid_II" title="Abdülmecid II">Abdülmecid II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abell_1942_BCG" title="Abell 1942 BCG">Abell 1942 BCG</a></li> 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title="Abortion in Malawi">Abortion in Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Gambia" title="Abortion in the Gambia">Abortion in the Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Abortion in the United Kingdom">Abortion in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Barnett_Abrahams" title="Louis Barnett Abrahams">Louis Barnett Abrahams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Tayyib_al-Tabari" title="Abu al-Tayyib al-Tabari">Abu al-Tayyib al-Tabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abydos,_Egypt" title="Abydos, Egypt">Abydos, Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyssicoccus" title="Abyssicoccus">Abyssicoccus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyssicoccus_albus" title="Abyssicoccus albus">Abyssicoccus albus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyssivirga" title="Abyssivirga">Abyssivirga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyssivirga_alkaniphila" title="Abyssivirga alkaniphila">Abyssivirga alkaniphila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acacia_pycnantha" title="Acacia pycnantha">Acacia pycnantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_bias" title="Academic bias">Academic bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthaceae" title="Acanthaceae">Acanthaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthodes" title="Acanthodes">Acanthodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthopagrus_schlegelii" title="Acanthopagrus schlegelii">Acanthopagrus schlegelii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acarospora_contigua" title="Acarospora contigua">Acarospora contigua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Christian_Education" title="Accelerated Christian Education">Accelerated Christian Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acceptance" title="Acceptance">Acceptance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accessory_gene_regulator" title="Accessory gene regulator">Accessory gene regulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accountability" title="Accountability">Accountability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetivibrio" title="Acetivibrio">Acetivibrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetivibrio_aldrichii" title="Acetivibrio aldrichii">Acetivibrio aldrichii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetivibrio_alkalicellulosi" title="Acetivibrio alkalicellulosi">Acetivibrio alkalicellulosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetivibrio_clariflavus" title="Acetivibrio clariflavus">Acetivibrio clariflavus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetobacteroides" title="Acetobacteroides">Acetobacteroides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetomicrobium_hydrogeniformans" title="Acetomicrobium hydrogeniformans">Acetomicrobium hydrogeniformans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetyl-CoA" title="Acetyl-CoA">Acetyl-CoA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetylcarnitine" title="Acetylcarnitine">Acetylcarnitine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achernar" title="Achernar">Achernar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_Achmad" title="Claire Achmad">Claire Achmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidicapsa" title="Acidicapsa">Acidicapsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidicapsa_acidiphila" title="Acidicapsa acidiphila">Acidicapsa acidiphila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidicapsa_acidisoli" title="Acidicapsa acidisoli">Acidicapsa acidisoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidicapsa_dinghuensis" title="Acidicapsa dinghuensis">Acidicapsa dinghuensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidiferrobacter" title="Acidiferrobacter">Acidiferrobacter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidilobales" title="Acidilobales">Acidilobales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidiluteibacter" title="Acidiluteibacter">Acidiluteibacter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidimangrovimonas_indica" title="Acidimangrovimonas indica">Acidimangrovimonas indica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidimangrovimonas_pyrenivorans" title="Acidimangrovimonas pyrenivorans">Acidimangrovimonas pyrenivorans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidipila" title="Acidipila">Acidipila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidipropionibacterium" title="Acidipropionibacterium">Acidipropionibacterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidipropionibacterium_olivae" title="Acidipropionibacterium olivae">Acidipropionibacterium olivae</a></li> 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title="Acinetobacter cumulans">Acinetobacter cumulans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_defluvii" title="Acinetobacter defluvii">Acinetobacter defluvii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_dijkshoorniae" title="Acinetobacter dijkshoorniae">Acinetobacter dijkshoorniae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_dispersus" title="Acinetobacter dispersus">Acinetobacter dispersus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_equi" title="Acinetobacter equi">Acinetobacter equi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_lactucae" title="Acinetobacter lactucae">Acinetobacter lactucae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_lanii" title="Acinetobacter lanii">Acinetobacter lanii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_larvae" title="Acinetobacter larvae">Acinetobacter larvae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_modestus" title="Acinetobacter modestus">Acinetobacter modestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter_piscicola" title="Acinetobacter piscicola">Acinetobacter 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