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Nepal</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: rural Nepal"> <meta name="keywords" content="rural Nepal"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="rural Nepal"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2039</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: rural Nepal</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2009</span> The Role of the General Budget in the Agricultural and Rural Development as an Alternative Economic outside the Hydrocarbons Sector </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kherbache%20Radhwane">Kherbache Radhwane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is concerned with the nature of the strategy of agricultural and rural development, through the fiscal policy adopted by the government throughout programs included in the general budget of the state represented in the national program of agricultural and rural development. This study concluded that the general balance play an important role in the design of the strategy of agricultural and rural development despite the numerous problems clear in the result of the precedent plans of agricultural and rural development. Based on that we suggest that more importance should be accorded to the agricultural and rural field and that it should be one among economic alternatives to the collection of petroleum, as the countryside is the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20balance" title="general balance">general balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20economy" title=" political economy"> political economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20of%20agricultural%20and%20rural%20development" title=" strategy of agricultural and rural development"> strategy of agricultural and rural development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20alternatives" title=" economic alternatives"> economic alternatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collection%20of%20petroleum" title=" collection of petroleum"> collection of petroleum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11312/the-role-of-the-general-budget-in-the-agricultural-and-rural-development-as-an-alternative-economic-outside-the-hydrocarbons-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2008</span> Branding a Powerful Catalyst for Rural Economic Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Borhani">Mojtaba Borhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By employing the unique characteristics of a region, its economy, climate, geography, and culture, rural communities can create distinctive products. This approach not only boosts economic opportunities but also promotes sustainable growth and preserves cultural heritage. A strategic focus on branding and intellectual property (IP) is essential. By developing strong brands, rural areas can differentiate their products, increase their market value, and build consumer loyalty. Moreover, IP protection safeguards the creative and innovative output of rural communities, incentivizing further development. Rural branding can serve as a cornerstone for community empowerment. It can help to prevent rural exodus by providing economic incentives and a strong sense of place. Additionally, by protecting traditional knowledge and cultural expressions, branding contributes to the long-term sustainability of rural livelihoods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property" title="intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20branding" title=" regional branding"> regional branding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20economy" title=" rural economy"> rural economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188951/branding-a-powerful-catalyst-for-rural-economic-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2007</span> Slow pace towards Teaching Mathematical Science in Nepal: A Historical Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dammar%20Bahadur%20Adhikari">Dammar Bahadur Adhikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematics teaching begins with human civilization. The rular used to choose mathematician as prime adviser in many tribes and country. Mathematics was powerful tool for understanding economial situation and strength of rular. In ancient Nepal teaching of mathematics starts with informal education provided by religious leaders there after in modern education system seems to follow the world’s educational system. The aim of this paper is to present a brief historical background of the Nepalese mathematicians up to nineteenth century and highlight the transformation in mathematical science in the line with modern world. Secondary data and formal papers and informal publications were studied to explore the present situation of education. The study concluded that there is remarcable change in quality of education and there are sufficient human powers in the mathematical sciences in Nepal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20development" title="human development">human development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics" title=" mathematics"> mathematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science" title=" science"> science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional" title=" traditional"> traditional</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35420/slow-pace-towards-teaching-mathematical-science-in-nepal-a-historical-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2006</span> Political Transition in Nepal: Challenges and Limitations to Post-Conflict Peace-Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sourina%20Bej">Sourina Bej</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the process of decolonization in 1940, several countries in South Asia have witnessed intra-state conflicts owing to ineffective political governance. The conflicts have remained protracted as the countries have failed to make a holistic transition to a democratic state. Nepal is one such South Asian country facing a turmultous journey from monarchy to republicanism. The paper aims to focus on the democratic transition in the context of Nepal’s political, legal and economic institutions. The presence of autocratic feudalistic and centralised state structure with entrenched socio-economic inequalities has resulted in mass uprising only to see the country slip back to the old order. Even a violent civil war led by the Maoists could not overhaul the political relations or stabilize the democratic space. The paper aims to analyse the multiple political, institutional and operational challenges in the implementation of the peace agreement with the Maoist. Looking at the historical background, the paper will examine the problematic nation-building that lies at the heart of fragile peace process in Nepal. Regional dynamics have played a big role in convoluting the peace-building. The new constitution aimed at conflict resolution brought to the open, deep seated hatred among different ethnic groups in Nepal. Apart from studying the challenges to the peace process and the role of external players like India and China in the political reconstruction, the paper will debate on a viable federal solution to the ethnic conflict in Nepal. If the current government fails to pass a constitution accepted by most ethnic groups, Nepal will remain on the brink of new conflict outbreaks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democratisation" title="democratisation">democratisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20conflict" title=" ethnic conflict"> ethnic conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peace%20process" title=" peace process"> peace process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69863/political-transition-in-nepal-challenges-and-limitations-to-post-conflict-peace-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2005</span> Nepal Himalaya: Status of Women, Politics, and Administration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tulasi%20Acharya">Tulasi Acharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper is a qualitative analysis of status of women and women in politics and administration in Nepal Himalaya. The paper reviews data of women in civil service and in administrative levels. Looking at the Nepali politics and administration from the social constructivist perspective, the paper highlights some social and cultural issues that have othered women as “second sex.” As the country is heading towards modernity, gender friendly approaches are being instituted. Although the data reflects on the progress on women’s status and on women’s political and administrative participation, the data is not enough to predict the democratic gender practices in political and administrative levels. The political and administrative culture of Nepal Himalaya should be changed by promoting gender practices and deconstructing gender images in administrative culture through representative bureaucracy and by introducing democratic policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title="politics">politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administration" title=" administration"> administration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democracy" title=" democracy"> democracy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29714/nepal-himalaya-status-of-women-politics-and-administration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2004</span> The Sustainable Development of Chinese Rural Areas Promoted by Agricultural Cultural and Creative Industries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Chuhao">Jin Chuhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Xiang"> Chen Xiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, due to the rapid development of Chinese urbanization, a great deal of rural population surge into urban to make a living. This fact causes the vicious circulation of rural development including sharp decrease of agricultural labor force in rural area, the obvious increase of rural land price, the shrinking of traditional agriculture and the bigger gap between Chinese urban and rural areas. With the improvement of living condition and ideological level of the Chinese people, the use and renewal of the traditional villages are gaining more and more attention, thus agricultural cultural and creative industries appears. Basing on the investigation of practical projects, this paper discusses how the agricultural cultural and creative industries promote the sustainable development of Chinese rural areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20design" title="sustainable design">sustainable design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20rural%20areas" title=" Chinese rural areas"> Chinese rural areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewal" title=" renewal"> renewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20cultural%20and%20creative%20industries" title=" agricultural cultural and creative industries"> agricultural cultural and creative industries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44219/the-sustainable-development-of-chinese-rural-areas-promoted-by-agricultural-cultural-and-creative-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2003</span> Age at Menarche and Menopause among Bidi Workers Women of Sagar District of Central India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Kumar">Arun Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the present study a total of 219 women, from urban and rural areas of Sagar district of central India were selected. The mean age at menarche of rural women was found 13.89±1.17 years and for urban women, it was 13.78±1.12 years. The difference between the mean age at menarche of urban and rural women was statistically insignificant (t=0.580, p≤0.05). Mean age at menopause among rural women was (47.4±4.92). The difference between the mean of urban and rural women was statistically insignificant (t=0.739 and p≤0.05). These findings indicate that rural women experience menopause at a later age as compared to their urban counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menarche" title="menarche">menarche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause" title=" menopause"> menopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title=" urban"> urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title=" rural"> rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bidi%20workers" title=" Bidi workers"> Bidi workers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47455/age-at-menarche-and-menopause-among-bidi-workers-women-of-sagar-district-of-central-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2002</span> Revitalization Strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Rural Areas Organized by Production-Living-Ecology Spatial Network at Township Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liuhui%20Zhu">Liuhui Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Zeng"> Peng Zeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rural revitalization strategy means to take the country and the city on the same level, and achieve urban-rural integration and comprehensive development of rural areas. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei rural areas have always been the weak links in the region, with prominently uneven development between urban and rural areas. The rural areas need to join the overall regional synergy. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and problems of rural development in the region from the perspective of production-living-ecology space, the paper proposes the township as the basic unit for rural revitalization according to the overall requirements of the rural revitalization strategy. The basic unit helps to realize resource arrangement, functional organization, and collaborative governance organized by the production-living-ecology spatial network. The paper summarizes the planning strategies for the basic unit. Through spatial cognition and spatial reconstruction, the three space is networked through the base, nodes, and connections to improve the comprehensive value of rural areas and achieve the multiple goals of rural revitalization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20revitalization" title="rural revitalization">rural revitalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei%20region" title=" Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region"> Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=township%20level" title=" township level"> township level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production-living-ecology%20spatial%20network" title=" production-living-ecology spatial network"> production-living-ecology spatial network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116760/revitalization-strategy-of-beijing-tianjin-hebei-rural-areas-organized-by-production-living-ecology-spatial-network-at-township-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2001</span> The Nature and Impacts of 2015 Indian Unofficial Blockade in Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jhabakhar%20Aryal">Jhabakhar Aryal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kesh%20Bahadur%20Rana"> Kesh Bahadur Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Durga%20Prasad%20Neupane"> Durga Prasad Neupane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research analyzes the nature and impacts of the 2015 unofficial blockade in Nepal, a significant event that triggered an economic and humanitarian crisis. While official channels denied claims of involvement, Nepal perceived the blockade as orchestrated by India due to concerns about the newly adopted constitution and Madheshi infringements. The study adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and content analysis to gather data from various perspectives. Employing a "colonial hangover lens," it investigates if colonial legacies continue to influence postcolonial nation dynamics, focusing on India's potential attempt to exert influence over Nepal. The findings suggest that the 2015 blockade had profound consequences for Nepal, potentially reflecting lingering colonial power dynamics in the region. Despite India's denials, a significant portion of Nepalis perceived the blockade as an act of external pressure. Examining these perceptions offers valuable insights into postcolonial relations and their impact on regional stability. The 2015 unofficial blockade serves as a critical case study in understanding the complex interplay of internal dynamics, external influences, and historical legacies in shaping the geopolitics of the region. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of these factors and their ongoing implications for Nepal and its relationship with India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockade" title="blockade">blockade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unofficial" title=" unofficial"> unofficial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitution" title=" constitution"> constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhesis" title=" Madhesis"> Madhesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postcolonial" title=" postcolonial"> postcolonial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20stability" title=" regional stability"> regional stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolitics" title=" geopolitics"> geopolitics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181588/the-nature-and-impacts-of-2015-indian-unofficial-blockade-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2000</span> Earthquake Effect in Micro Hydro Sector: Case Study of Dulakha District, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keshav%20Raj%20Dhakal">Keshav Raj Dhakal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jit%20Bahadur%20Rokaya%20Chhetri"> Jit Bahadur Rokaya Chhetri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Micro Hydro (MH) is one of the successful technology in Rural Nepal. Out of 75 district, 59 districts have installed 1287 MH projects with a total capacity of 24 Mega Watt (MW). Now, the challenge is how to sustain them. Dolakha is a prominent district for sustainable endues of power to sustain the MH projects. A total of 37 MH projects have been constructed with producing 886 Kilo Watt (KW) of energy in the district. This study traces out the impact of earthquake in MH sector in Dolakha district. It shows that 59 % of projects have been affected by devastating earthquake in April and May, 2015 where 29 % are completely damaged. Most of the damages are in civil structures like Penstock, forebay, power house, Canal, Intake. Transmission and distribution line have been partially damaged. This paper analysis failure of the civil structural component of MH projects and its financial consequence to the community. This study recommends that a disaster impact assessment is essential before construction of MH projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20hydro" title="micro hydro">micro hydro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20failure" title=" structural failure"> structural failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20consequence" title=" financial consequence"> financial consequence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48230/earthquake-effect-in-micro-hydro-sector-case-study-of-dulakha-district-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1999</span> Association Between Renewable Energy and Community Forest User Group: A Case of Siranchowk Rural Municipality, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prem%20Bahadur%20Giri">Prem Bahadur Giri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MathineeYucharoen"> MathineeYucharoen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Community forest user groups (CFUGs) have been the core stone of forest management efforts in Nepal. Due to the lack of a smooth transition into the local governance structure in 2017, policy instruments have not been effectively cascaded to the local level, creating ambiguity and inconsistency in forest governance. Descriptive mixed-method research was performed with community users and stakeholders of the Tarpakha community forest, Siranchowk Rural Municipality, to understand the role of the political economy in CFUG management. The household survey was conducted among 100 households (who also are existing members of the Tarpakha CFUG) to understand and document their energy consumption preferences and practices. Likewise, ten key informant interviews and five focus group discussions with the municipality and forest management officials were also conducted to have a wider overview of the factors and political, socio-economic, and religious contexts behind the utilization of renewable energy for sustainable development. Findings from our study suggest that only 3% of households use biogas as their main source of energy. The rest of the households mention liquid petroleum gas (LPG), electricity, and firewood as major sources of energy for domestic purposes. Community members highlighted the difficulty in accessing firewood due to strict regulations from the CFUG, lack of cattle and manpower to rear cattle to produce cow dung (for biogas), and lack of technical expertise at the community level for the operation and maintenance of solar energy, among others as challenges of the resource. Likewise, key informants have mentioned policy loopholes at both the federal and local levels, especially with regard to the promotion of alternative or renewable energy, as there are no clear mandates and provisions to regulate the renewable energy industry. The study recommends doing an in-depth study on the feasibility of renewable energy sources, especially in the context of CFUGs, where biodiversity conservation aspects need to be equally taken into consideration while thinking of the promotion and expansion of renewable energy sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20forest" title="community forest">community forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193154/association-between-renewable-energy-and-community-forest-user-group-a-case-of-siranchowk-rural-municipality-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">12</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1998</span> The Rocketing Raise of Bride Price in the Rural China: Intimacy and Family Changes Brought by Rural Urban Migration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Liu">Lei Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper concerns on a special phenomenon of rocketing of bride’s price in rural China after the rural-urban labor migration nowadays. It provides a brief overview of three major prospective on marriage exchange, especially impose the local marriage market due to the post-migration economic environments. Then the author highlights on several factors that influence the rocketing raise of rural marriage gifts using both the primary data from census 2010 and the interviews from the field study, such as one-child policy and the unbalanced sex ratio with the familiar context parents used different strategies in raising their sons and daughters so as to best hold their own interests, causing inequality between females and males. Then this was broken by the independence of rural women and the phenomenon of cross-regional marriage after the free mobility of labor resource between rural areas and urban areas which gives women equal rights to choose their spouses together with some publicly policies that accelerate the decline of patriarchy. In the end, the author spells out a framework of migration influence on rural marriage for some theoretical and policy implications of the findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-urban%20migration" title="rural-urban migration">rural-urban migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20stratification" title=" gender stratification"> gender stratification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20China" title=" rural China"> rural China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bride%20price" title=" bride price"> bride price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marriage" title=" marriage"> marriage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57784/the-rocketing-raise-of-bride-price-in-the-rural-china-intimacy-and-family-changes-brought-by-rural-urban-migration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1997</span> Demographic Component Role in Rural Development in the Region of Bucovina</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morar%20%28Bumbu%29%20Nicoleta%20Ileana">Morar (Bumbu) Nicoleta Ileana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Located in the northeastern part of Romania in a cross-border area, Bucovina region, due to historical events that took place here, is characterized by the cohabitation in the same area of a significant number of ethnic communities, represented in 54% by rural population. In addition to providing the natural, economic history and decision makers, the demographic component is responsible for the region's development trajectory to which it belongs. The influence that people exert on rural development is shown by the values of the different demographic indicator. This study will analyze the demographic indicators obtained against a strong database, emphasizing the indicators that favor the rural development of the region and those that prevent it. The study is useful in defining the rightful directions that rural economic development can focus on, also representing an important tool in developing strategies for the development of rural settlements of Bucovina region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bucovina" title="Bucovina">Bucovina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20directions" title=" development directions"> development directions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demographic%20indicators" title=" demographic indicators"> demographic indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20development" title=" rural development"> rural development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37223/demographic-component-role-in-rural-development-in-the-region-of-bucovina" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1996</span> Differences in Nutritional Awareness Among Urban Semi Urban and Rural Girls of South India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20R.%20Ramkumar">N. R. Ramkumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The foremost aim of physical education has been to inculcate a healthy mind in a healthy body. The aim of this study was to find out the differences in nutritional awareness among urban, semi urban and rural girls of South India. The investigator administered a nutritional awareness questionnaire consisting of 25 statements among 100 rural; 100 semi urban and 100 urban girls studying in different schools in South India. The filled up questionnaire were scored and the total scores for all the twenty five statements were considered as the nutritional awareness level of the subjects. The differences on nutritional awareness among urban, semi urban and rural girls were tested for statistical significance using ANOVA. In all cases 0.05 level was fixed to test the significance. The results proved that there were significant differences on nutritional awareness among urban, semi urban and rural girls (P<0.05). The paired mean comparisons proved that urban girls were having highest nutritional awareness (M: 86.86), followed by semi urban girls (M: 81.86) and then by rural girls (M: 79.48). The differences between urban and semi urban girls and urban and rural girls were significant and there was no significant differences between semi urban and rural girls. The findings of this study proved that rural girls were significantly having lesser nutritional awareness and hence the study recommends the strong need of nutritional education for rural girls in South India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title="nutrition">nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title=" urban"> urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi%20urban" title=" semi urban"> semi urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20girls" title=" rural girls"> rural girls</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18229/differences-in-nutritional-awareness-among-urban-semi-urban-and-rural-girls-of-south-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1995</span> Reproductive Health Knowledge, Attitude and Health Services Utilization among Adolescents in Kaski District of Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipendra%20Kumar%20Yadav">Dipendra Kumar Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajani%20Ghimire"> Rajani Ghimire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saroj%20Yadav"> Saroj Yadav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The concern about adolescent on reproductive health has grown due to unprecedented increasing rates of early pregnancies and sexually transmitted Infections and they do not have adequate awareness and knowledge about it. Access to these services as well as information about them is, therefore, crucial for adolescents to utilize and benefit from sexual and reproductive health services. The objective of the study was to assess the reproductive health knowledge, attitude and health services utilization among adolescents in rural and urban areas of Kaski district. Materials and Methods: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents (10-19 years of age) in rural and urban areas of Kaski district, Nepal. The period of data collection was October to November, 2014. Altogether 419 participants were taken for the study. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 15.86 and standard deviation was ±2.305. More than half (58.7 %) of the respondents were females and 41.3 % were males. Out of 419, majority (78.8%) of the respondents were known about family planning, among them only 70 % of respondents were aware about family planning methods. Fifty-one percentages of the respondents were aware about the sexually transmitted diseases. Before giving a birth there is need to consult with partner with this fact 68.7 % of the respondents were agree, 23.6 % of them were neutral and very few (7.6%) of them were disagree. Nearly twenty six percentage of the respondents were faced the reproductive health problems within one month. Out of 107 respondents, 57.9 % did not utilize reproductive health services because of different reasons. Conclusions: The overall level of knowledge towards reproductive health among adolescents was found low. However, levels of attitude towards different reproductive health components were found favorable. Only 42.1% of the respondents were utilized reproductive health services among those who was faced the reproductive health problems within one month which was low coverage of reproductive health services utilization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive%20health%20knowledge" title="reproductive health knowledge">reproductive health knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive%20health%20attitudes" title=" reproductive health attitudes"> reproductive health attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title=" adolescent"> adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20utilization" title=" service utilization "> service utilization </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25831/reproductive-health-knowledge-attitude-and-health-services-utilization-among-adolescents-in-kaski-district-of-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1994</span> A Review on the Challenge and Need of Goat Semen Production and Artificial Insemination in Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20K.%20Jha">Pankaj K. Jha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajeet%20K.%20Jha"> Ajeet K. Jha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20Mishra"> Pravin Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Goat raising is a popular livestock sub-commodity of mixed farming system in Nepal. Besides food and nutritional security, it has an important role in the economy of many peoples. Goat breeding through AI is commonly practiced worldwide. It is a very basic tool to speed up genetic improvement and increase productivity. For the goat genetic improvement program, the government of Nepal has imported some specialized exotic goat breeds and semen. Some progress has been made in the initiation of selective breeding within the local breeds and practice of AI with imported semen. Importance of AI in goats has drawn more attention among goat farmers. However, importing semen is not a permanent solution at national level; rather, it is more important to develop and establish its own frozen semen production technique. Semen quality and its relationship with fertility are said to be a major concern in animal production, hence accurate measurement of semen fertilizing potential is of great importance. The survivability of sperm cells depends on semen quality. Survivability of sperm cells is assessed through visual and microscopic evaluation of spermatozoal progressive motility and morphology. In Nepal, there is lack of scientific information on seminal attributes of buck semen, its dilution, cooling and freezing technique under management conditions of Nepal. Therefore, the objective of this review was to provide brief information about breeding system, semen production and artificial insemination in Nepalese goat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20insemination" title="artificial insemination">artificial insemination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goat" title=" goat"> goat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semen" title=" semen"> semen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96038/a-review-on-the-challenge-and-need-of-goat-semen-production-and-artificial-insemination-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1993</span> Challenges for Reconstruction: A Case Study from 2015 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hari%20K.%20Adhikari">Hari K. Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keshab%20Sharma"> Keshab Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20C.%20Apil"> K. C. Apil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Gorkha Nepal earthquake of moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8 hit the central region of Nepal on April 25, 2015; with the epicenter about 77 km northwest of Kathmandu Valley. This paper aims to explore challenges of reconstruction in the rural earthquake-stricken areas of Nepal. The Gorkha earthquake on April 25, 2015, has significantly affected the livelihood of people and overall economy in Nepal, causing severe damage and destruction in central Nepal including nation’s capital. A larger part of the earthquake affected area is difficult to access with rugged terrain and scattered settlements, which posed unique challenges and efforts on a massive scale reconstruction and rehabilitation. 800 thousand buildings were affected leaving 8 million people homeless. Challenge of reconstruction of optimum 800 thousand houses is arduous for Nepal in the background of its turmoil political scenario and weak governance. With significant actors involved in the reconstruction process, no appreciable relief has reached to the ground, which is reflected over the frustration of affected people. The 2015 Gorkha earthquake is one of most devastating disasters in the modern history of Nepal. Best of our knowledge, there is no comprehensive study on reconstruction after disasters in modern Nepal, which integrates the necessary information to deal with challenges and opportunities of reconstructions. The study was conducted using qualitative content analysis method. Thirty engineers and ten social mobilizes working for reconstruction and more than hundreds local social workers, local party leaders, and earthquake victims were selected arbitrarily. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questions, focus group discussions, and field notes, with no previous assumption. Author also reviewed literature and document reviews covering academic and practitioner studies on challenges of reconstruction after earthquake in developing countries such as 2001 Gujarat earthquake, 2005 Kashmir earthquake, 2003 Bam earthquake and 2010 Haiti earthquake; which have very similar building typologies, economic, political, geographical, and geological conditions with Nepal. Secondary data was collected from reports, action plans, and reflection papers of governmental entities, non-governmental organizations, private sector businesses, and the online news. This study concludes that inaccessibility, absence of local government, weak governance, weak infrastructures, lack of preparedness, knowledge gap and manpower shortage, etc. are the key challenges of the reconstruction after 2015 earthquake in Nepal. After scrutinizing different challenges and issues, study counsels that good governance, integrated information, addressing technical issues, public participation along with short term and long term strategies to tackle with technical issues are some crucial factors for timely and quality reconstruction in context of Nepal. Sample collected for this study is relatively small sample size and may not be fully representative of the stakeholders involved in reconstruction. However, the key findings of this study are ones that need to be recognized by academics, governments, and implementation agencies, and considered in the implementation of post-disaster reconstruction program in developing countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gorkha%20earthquake" title="Gorkha earthquake">Gorkha earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconstruction" title=" reconstruction"> reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title=" challenges"> challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81009/challenges-for-reconstruction-a-case-study-from-2015-gorkha-nepal-earthquake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1992</span> The Application of Morphological Principles in Compilation of Solutions for Urban-Rural Problems, Case Study: Baghshater Neighborhood, Locating in Tehran, Iran Region1</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sepideh%20Jabbari%20Behnam">Sepideh Jabbari Behnam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elnaz%20Mohsenin"> Elnaz Mohsenin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, with the rapid growth of urbanization, urban issues are so problematic more than ever. These problems have various origins and they should be studied in different aspects. One of these problems is destroying the structure and identity of urban-rural textures around cities. This destruction appears due to an uncontrolled and unplanned growth of large cities inside and/or connecting suburban areas to the cities. These textures which were called urban-rural areas are faced with the dual identity of rural and urban tissues. It should be noted that, urban-rural areas have the potential for creating urban habitats with the rural nature. However; these areas, due to lack of planning and proper management have encountered serious problems. The main objective of this article is offering some solutions for the structural-physical problems of urban-rural areas with the using of morphological principles and studies. In this case, after morphological studies of one of urban-rural texture example, and also with the use of offered research literature, general solutions have been suggested to solve some of these textures' issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title="morphology">morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=typo-%20morphology" title=" typo- morphology"> typo- morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban-rural" title=" urban-rural"> urban-rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20texture" title=" urban texture"> urban texture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37650/the-application-of-morphological-principles-in-compilation-of-solutions-for-urban-rural-problems-case-study-baghshater-neighborhood-locating-in-tehran-iran-region1" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1991</span> The Micro-Activated Organic Regeneration in Rural Construction: A Case Study of Yangdun Village in Deqing County, Zhejiang Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chengyuan%20Zhu">Chengyuan Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhu%20Wang"> Zhu Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the strategy of Rural Rejuvenation proposed in China, the rural has become the focus of all works today. In addition to the support of industry and policy, the rural planning and construction which is the space dependence of Rural Rejuvenation are also very crucial. Based on an analysis of the case of Yangdun Village in Deqing County, this paper summarizes village existing resources and construction status quo. It tries to illuminate the micro-activated organic renewal strategies and methods, based on ecological landscape, history context, industry development and living life requirements. It takes advantage of industrial linkage and then asks for the coordination of both spatial and industrial planning, the revival and remodeling of the rural image can be achieved through shaping the of architectural and landscape nodes as well as the activation of street space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20construction" title="rural construction">rural construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20human%20settlements" title=" rural human settlements"> rural human settlements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-activation" title=" micro-activation"> micro-activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20renewal" title=" organic renewal"> organic renewal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85038/the-micro-activated-organic-regeneration-in-rural-construction-a-case-study-of-yangdun-village-in-deqing-county-zhejiang-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1990</span> Energy Trends in Rural South Africa: A Case Study of the Mnweni Rural Community in the Province of Kwazulu-Natal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noel%20Chellan">Noel Chellan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy is the life-blood of development. All human societies have been and still are dependent on energy – some societies more than others. With regard to energy in South Africa, previous policies of the apartheid regime neglected the energy needs of poor black communities in general – and rural communities in particular. Since South Africa’s first democratic elections in 1994 – whilst millions of South African households have received electricity from the national electricity grid, there are still many rural communities that are still experiencing challenges in relation to both electricity deprivation as well as provision. This paper looks at the energy-mix of the Mnweni rural community in South Africa and argues that understanding energy is key to understanding the nature and forms of development of any community or country, for that matter. The paper engages with the energy trends in the rural community of Mnweni from the days of apartheid until 2021. It also looks at agricultural practises from an energy perspective. Such an energy perspective will enable one to assess the pace and scale of development in rural Mnweni. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title="rural">rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apartheid" title=" apartheid"> apartheid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138914/energy-trends-in-rural-south-africa-a-case-study-of-the-mnweni-rural-community-in-the-province-of-kwazulu-natal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1989</span> Occupational Health Hazards of Itinerant Waste Buyers (IWBs) in Kathmandu, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashish%20Khanal">Ashish Khanal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suja%20Giri"> Suja Giri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The scrap collection work is associated with multiple health hazards. Cut and scratches during collection and transportation of scraps are common. IWBs purchase the scraps mainly papers, cartoons, glass bottles and metals from the households. This study was conducted in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal. The location was chosen because Kathmandu is the biggest city of Nepal with highest number of IWBs. The research used a case study strategy to examine the occupational health hazards of IWBs. The only mode of collecting and transporting of scraps in Kathmandu is the bicycle. They have to do this regular work even during the scorching sun and chilled winter. The musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal disorders are the common health problem shared by IWBs in Kathmandu, Nepal. Despite of these problems, IWBs don’t take it seriously and rarely goes for the health check-up. There is need of personal protective equipment and guidance for safety of IWBs. IWBs need to wear closed shoes and use gloves to avoid cuts during the collection and transportation of the recyclables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=itinerant%20waste%20buyers" title="itinerant waste buyers">itinerant waste buyers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathmandu" title=" Kathmandu"> Kathmandu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20health" title=" occupational health"> occupational health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scrap" title=" scrap"> scrap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99545/occupational-health-hazards-of-itinerant-waste-buyers-iwbs-in-kathmandu-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1988</span> Understanding the Benefits of Multiple-Use Water Systems (MUS) for Smallholder Farmers in the Rural Hills of Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAJ%20KUMAR%20G.C.">RAJ KUMAR G.C.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are tremendous opportunities to maximize smallholder farmers’ income from small-scale water resource development through micro irrigation and multiple-use water systems (MUS). MUS are an improved water management approach, developed and tested successfully by iDE that pipes water to a community both for domestic use and for agriculture using efficient micro irrigation. Different MUS models address different landscape constraints, water demand, and users’ preferences. MUS are complemented by micro irrigation kits, which were developed by iDE to enable farmers to grow high-value crops year-round and to use limited water resources efficiently. Over the last 15 years, iDE’s promotion of the MUS approach has encouraged government and other key stakeholders to invest in MUS for better planning of scarce water resources. Currently, about 60% of the cost of MUS construction is covered by the government and community. Based on iDE’s experience, a gravity-fed MUS costs approximately $125 USD per household to construct, and it can increase household income by $300 USD per year. A key element of the MUS approach is keeping farmers well linked to input supply systems and local produce collection centers, which helps to ensure that the farmers can produce a sufficient quantity of high-quality produce that earns a fair price. This process in turn creates an enabling environment for smallholders to invest in MUS and micro irrigation. Therefore, MUS should be seen as an integrated package of interventions –the end users, water sources, technologies, and the marketplace– that together enhance technical, financial, and institutional sustainability. Communities are trained to participate in sustainable water resource management as a part of the MUS planning and construction process. The MUS approach is cost-effective, improves community governance of scarce water resources, helps smallholder farmers to improve rural health and livelihoods, and promotes gender equity. MUS systems are simple to maintain and communities are trained to ensure that they can undertake minor maintenance procedures themselves. All in all, the iDE Nepal MUS offers multiple benefits and represents a practical and sustainable model of the MUS approach. Moreover, there is a growing national consensus that rural water supply systems should be designed for multiple uses, acknowledging that substantial work remains in developing national-level and local capacity and policies for scale-up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-use%20water%20systems" title="multiple-use water systems ">multiple-use water systems </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20scale%20water%20resources" title=" small scale water resources"> small scale water resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20livelihoods" title=" rural livelihoods"> rural livelihoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practical%20and%20sustainable%20model" title=" practical and sustainable model"> practical and sustainable model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32443/understanding-the-benefits-of-multiple-use-water-systems-mus-for-smallholder-farmers-in-the-rural-hills-of-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1987</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Rural Life</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Triza%20Edwar%20Fawzi%20Deif">Triza Edwar Fawzi Deif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the process of urbanization in China, new rural construction is on the ascendant, which is becoming more and more popular. Under the driving effect of rural urbanization, the house pattern and tectonic methods of traditional vernacular houses have shown great differences from the family structure and values of contemporary peasant families. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a prototype, form and strategy to make a balance between the traditional memory and modern functional requirements. In order for research to combine the regional culture with modern life, under the situation of the current batch production of new rural residences, Badie village, in Zhejiang province, is taken as the case. This paper aims to put forward a prototype which can not only meet the demand of modern life but also ensure the continuation of traditional culture and historical context for the new rural dwellings design. This research not only helps to extend the local context in the construction of the new site but also contributes to the fusion of old and new rural dwellings in the old site construction. Through the study and research of this case, the research methodology and results can be drawn as reference for the new rural construction in other areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20slag" title="steel slag">steel slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-product" title=" co-product"> co-product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20coating" title=" primary coating"> primary coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20aggregate%20capital" title=" steel aggregate capital"> steel aggregate capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20areas" title=" rural areas"> rural areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20planning" title=" rural planning"> rural planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20governance%20village" title=" rural governance village"> rural governance village</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20strategy" title=" design strategy"> design strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20rural%20dwellings" title=" new rural dwellings"> new rural dwellings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20context" title=" regional context"> regional context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20expression" title=" regional expression"> regional expression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186037/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-rural-life" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1986</span> Analysis of Traffic Crashes on Rural Roads in Oman</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Bakhit%20Kashoob">Mohammed Bakhit Kashoob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Salim%20Al-Maashani"> Mohammed Salim Al-Maashani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdullah%20Al-Marhoon"> Ahmed Abdullah Al-Marhoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fatalities of Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) on rural roads are usually higher than that on urban roads. The likelihood of traffic accidents may increase with the presence of factors that are associated with the rural type of community such as long-distance, road type, road geometry (e.g., curves and steepens), poor lighting, terrain, obstacles (e.g., animals crossing, boulders or tree branches), heavy truck traffic, weather conditions, and road flaws. Most of these factors are present on the rural roads of Oman. As many cities in Oman are surrounded by mountains and connected by rural roads, this is of great concern. In this paper, the causes of traffic crashes on rural roads in Oman are analyzed. The fatality rate of traffic deaths on rural roads is compared with the fatality rate on urban roads for different regions in Oman. Statistical data and police reports show that the leading cause of RTCs and deaths on rural roads is vehicle speeding, especially on long-distance roads. It is shown that crashes on rural roads result in higher fatalities than crashes on urban roads. In comparison to speed, the numbers of RTCs and deaths that resulted from other causes are small. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causes%20of%20traffic%20crashes" title="causes of traffic crashes">causes of traffic crashes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title=" road safety"> road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20traffic%20crash" title=" road traffic crash"> road traffic crash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20roads" title=" rural roads"> rural roads</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153180/analysis-of-traffic-crashes-on-rural-roads-in-oman" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1985</span> Accessible Tourism: A Novel Idea for Promoting Tourism in Nepal </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20Pradhananga">Pankaj Pradhananga </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inclusive Tourism is a relatively new topic in Nepal. Though the effort of creating accessible and inclusive tourism has already begun, it is still in its infancy. A major concern for Destination Nepal is the lack of awareness and absence of mandatory law in place to encourage Tourism operating sectors for coming up with accessible Tourism products. Given the number economic and social benefits to may be derived from inclusive tourism, it is a critical time for the tourism industry to understand and develop measures towards inclusivity in the gateway to Himalaya. Nepal was struck with a devastating earthquake on April 25th, 2015 which concurrently left more than 4,000 Nepalese with physical disabilities. Nepal has had to rebuild and is continuing to rebuild a lot of infrastructure and the process of rebuilding should be barrier free and use universal design measures. With universal design in place, this would allow access for minority groups such as people with disabilities and the elderly to the historic monuments in Kathmandu valley. Four Seasons Travel ( 4ST) has been a key player in not only creating accessible tourism experiences in Nepal, but also promoting accessible tourism to other tourism operators. Dr. Scott Rains had worked closely with 4ST on accessible tourism. Additionally, it organised an accessible trek which was field tested with a traveler with vision impairment in August 2015. Another accessible trekking experience, in partnership with Washington DC based International Development Institute, was coined as ‘Wounded Heroes Trek to Nepal’, where a group of Veterans that are amputees went trekking in the Annapurna Region. The event made it to the list of UNWTO World Tourism Day celebrations. Such initiatives led by private sector in partnership with various organizations have worked to create a ‘Destination Nepal for all’. However, there is still a lot of work that needs to be done to make Nepal a truly inclusive destination. Partnerships between the private sector and DPOs ( Disabled People’s Organizations) as well as the government are also a sound opportunity for employment creation for people with disabilities. Further, partnerships between the state, tourism service providers and DPOs need to be fostered to create job opportunities for people with disabilities. This can be exemplified through the social Entrepreneurship model with the help of accessible Tourism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessible%20tourism" title="accessible tourism">accessible tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title=" disability"> disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title=" inclusion"> inclusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80597/accessible-tourism-a-novel-idea-for-promoting-tourism-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1984</span> Empowering Rural Women Entrepreneurs via Microcredit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwana%20Hassan">Salwana Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashidah%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Rashidah Abdul Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poverty in rural Malaysia remains unresolved and contribute 7.8% to the whole poverty figure in Malaysia. Among the rural folks, 50% is women. Thus, women, as the significant human capital to fight the long lost battle of poverty , is indispensable. This will also serve as an equal opportunity for women to play active and positive roles to develop the society that has been the tasks for men all this while. More importantly rural women folks have the potential to offer better quality of life for their family by providing extra income and monetary support whenever their husbands are not able to work. The reality in this, however, cannot be solved easily as there are many factors that stand in the way and prevent the resolutions to be observed.In this regard, this paper describes a model that has been used to resolve such issues in rural Malaysia. The model utilizes a synergetic effort between an academic institution, an NGO that govern the rural women folks and a private trading company that sell the finished product. The project was conducted in rural area of Selangor and has been in operations since the end of 2013. It shows positive outcome and could be used in other rural areas of Malaysia. The project captures the influence of the NGO programs upon rural women entrepreneurship and how a private trading company can facilitate to help develop a community. As a result the project reveals that self-income generating activities by entrepreneurship are the important contributing factor to empowering rural women folks in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title="poverty">poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title=" rural"> rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community" title=" community"> community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32497/empowering-rural-women-entrepreneurs-via-microcredit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1983</span> Study on Rural Landscape Design Method under the Background of the Population Diversification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziyi%20Zhou">Ziyi Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiuxiao%20Chen"> Qiuxiao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuang%20Wu"> Shuang Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Population diversification phenomena becomes quite common in villages located in China’s developed coastal area. Based on the analysis of the traditional rural society and its landscape characteristics, and in consideration of diversified landscape requirements due to the population diversification, with dual ideas of heritage and innovation, methods for rural landscape design were explored by taking Duxuao Village in Zhejiang Province of China as an example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20landscape" title="rural landscape">rural landscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20diversification" title=" population diversification"> population diversification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape%20design" title=" landscape design"> landscape design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20management" title=" urban management"> urban management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3708/study-on-rural-landscape-design-method-under-the-background-of-the-population-diversification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1982</span> An Evaluation of People’s Susceptibility to Phishing Attacks in Nepal and Effectiveness of the Applied Countermeasures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunil%20Chaudhary">Sunil Chaudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Bahadur%20Thapa"> Rajendra Bahadur Thapa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleni%20Berki"> Eleni Berki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marko%20Helenius"> Marko Helenius</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing number of Internet and mobile phone users, and essentially those, who use these electronic media to perform online transactions makes Nepal lucrative for phishing attacks. It is one of the reasons behind escalating phishing attacks in the country. Therefore, in this paper we examine various phishing attempts and real scenarios in Nepal to determine the seriousness of the problem. We also want to find out how prepared are the Internet and mobile phone users and how well-equipped are the private sector and government authorities responsible to handle cybercrime in the country. We considered five areas of research study, i.e., legal measures, technical and procedural measures, organizational structure, capacity building and international cooperation. These constitute important factors in cyber security and are recommended by the Global Cyber security Agenda (GCA). On the basis of our findings, we provide essential suggestions to make anti-phishing measures more appropriate to Nepalese State and society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20banking" title="internet banking">internet banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20banking" title=" mobile banking"> mobile banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-commerce" title=" e-commerce"> e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phishing" title=" phishing"> phishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-phishing" title=" anti-phishing"> anti-phishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19124/an-evaluation-of-peoples-susceptibility-to-phishing-attacks-in-nepal-and-effectiveness-of-the-applied-countermeasures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1981</span> Development of Rural Entrepreneurs: Challenges Faced in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sankar%20Majumder">Sankar Majumder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development of Rural Entrepreneurs requires a holistic approach involving social, economic, political, technical, and environmental and many other issues. It needs a thorough understanding of the economy and society. It's true that agricultural development, rural development and many other social and right based development programmes have resulted in the growth of income in the rural sector. The development of rural entrepreneurs is necessary to utilise these opportunities. Many programmes and policies in the spheres of organisational, financial, infrastructural and technical supports have been taken to promote rural industries. But if one looks at the growth and development of rural industrial units, especially the manufacturing units, the picture is not promising. This paper aims at analysing the possible causes and its solutions in terms of (1) Mind set of the society towards business as a livelihood; (2) Sufficiency and appropriateness of the existing organisational, financial, infrastructural and technical supports. The paper is based on secondary data on various aspects of rural enterprises and the author’s experiences in the course of his work as a practitioner in this field. Growth of units and employment in the rural industries shows that the entrepreneurs are more inclined towards trading units than towards manufacturing ventures. The growth of rural industries is constrained not by the insufficiency of the supply of finance but by the insufficient demand for finance. The task is to increase the supply of entrepreneurs by creating an entrepreneurial environment. Incubation for rural entrepreneurs is the need of the hour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20mind%20set" title="business mind set">business mind set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20environment" title=" entrepreneurial environment"> entrepreneurial environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20of%20finance" title=" supply of finance"> supply of finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20support" title=" technical support"> technical support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131713/development-of-rural-entrepreneurs-challenges-faced-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1980</span> Impact of Radio on Rural Development: A Study of Ipokia Local Government Area, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haruna%20Shola%20Adeosun">Haruna Shola Adeosun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeoye%20Odedeji"> Adeoye Odedeji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the impact of radio on rural development. The researcher employed survey method to gather primary data. The objectives and questions were used from and hypotheses were formulated were raised from the statement of the problem. Cultivation theory was used as the theoretical study. The populations of the study were the inhabitant of Ipokia Local Government. Questionnaires were administered on the 400 respondents. Data gathered were analyzed, interpreted and hypotheses of the study were tested. The finding revealed that; radio has impacted on the rural dwellers and there is a significant relationship between radio and rural dwellers. Also, radio has brought socio-economic development on rural dwellers. The study recommended that radio messages should be designed in line with the pre-existing attitudes of the rural dwellers. It was also discovered that radio stations should endeavour to use local dialects especially when the radio programme is aimed at the rural dwellers that effective communication that can increase active participation of government and the public. Finally, the study recommends that radio stations should be well funded to produce programmes that would serve the purpose of educating and informing the public on issues relevant to them and there is need to establish community radio stations that will be closer to rural dwellers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact" title="impact">impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio" title=" radio"> radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title=" rural"> rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55462/impact-of-radio-on-rural-development-a-study-of-ipokia-local-government-area-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Nepal&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Nepal&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Nepal&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Nepal&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Nepal&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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