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<span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Terminology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fixed-term_tenancy_or_tenancy_for_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fixed-term_tenancy_or_tenancy_for_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Fixed-term tenancy or tenancy for years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fixed-term_tenancy_or_tenancy_for_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Termination_or_expiration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Termination_or_expiration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Termination or 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id="toc-Contemporary_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leasehold_land" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leasehold_land"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Leasehold land</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leasehold_land-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Residential_tenancies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Residential_tenancies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Residential tenancies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Residential_tenancies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duties_of_tenant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Duties of tenant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duties_of_tenant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effects_of_condemnation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effects_of_condemnation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Effects of condemnation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effects_of_condemnation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input 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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1vo_stavby" title="Právo stavby – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Právo stavby" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erbbaurecht" title="Erbbaurecht – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erbbaurecht" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derecho_de_superficie" title="Derecho de superficie – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Derecho de superficie" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AC%D8%B1" title="مستأجر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مستأجر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droit_de_superficie" title="Droit de superficie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Droit de superficie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diritto_di_superficie" title="Diritto di superficie – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Diritto di superficie" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drept_de_superficie" title="Drept de superficie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Drept de superficie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leasehold" title="Leasehold – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Leasehold" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyresr%C3%A4tt" title="Hyresrätt – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hyresrätt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ownership of a temporary right to hold land or property</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki 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.ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Leasehold_estate" title="Special:EditPage/Leasehold estate">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Leasehold_estate" title="Talk:Leasehold estate">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Technical plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-technical" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may be too technical for most readers to understand</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit">help improve it</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">make it understandable to non-experts</a>, without removing the technical details.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs attention from an expert in Law</b>. See the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Leasehold_estate#This_article_needs_major_improvements" title="Talk:Leasehold estate">talk page</a> for details.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Law">WikiProject Law</a> may be able to help recruit an expert.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is missing information</b> about countries that are not the United States, United Kingdom, or Australia; even those countries are missing info.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Leasehold_estate" title="Talk:Leasehold estate">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>leasehold estate</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Ownership" title="Ownership">ownership</a> of a temporary right to hold land or <a href="/wiki/Property" title="Property">property</a> in which a <a href="/wiki/Lease" title="Lease">lessee</a> or a tenant has rights of <a href="/wiki/Real_property" title="Real property">real property</a> by some form of <a href="/wiki/Title_(property)" title="Title (property)">title</a> from a lessor or <a href="/wiki/Landlord" title="Landlord">landlord</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although a tenant does hold rights to real property, a leasehold estate is typically considered <a href="/wiki/Personal_property" title="Personal property">personal property</a>. </p><p><b>Leasehold</b> is a form of <a href="/wiki/Land_tenure" title="Land tenure">land tenure</a> or property tenure where one party buys the right to occupy land or a building for a given time. As a lease is a legal estate, leasehold estate can be bought and sold on the open market. A leasehold thus differs from a <a href="/wiki/Freehold_(law)" title="Freehold (law)">freehold</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fee_simple" title="Fee simple">fee simple</a> where the ownership of a property is purchased outright and after that held for an indeterminate length of time, and also differs from a <a href="/wiki/Tenancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenancy">tenancy</a> where a property is let (rented) periodically such as weekly or monthly. </p><p>Terminology and types of leasehold vary from country to country. Sometimes, but not always, a <b>residential tenancy</b> under a lease agreement is colloquially known as <a href="/wiki/Renting" title="Renting">renting</a>. The leaseholder can remain in occupation for a fixed period, measured in months or years. Terms of the agreement are contained in a <a href="/wiki/Lease" title="Lease">lease</a>, which has elements of <a href="/wiki/Contract" title="Contract">contract</a> and <a href="/wiki/Property_law" title="Property law">property law</a> intertwined. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_manor" title="Lord of the manor">Lord of the manor</a></div> <p>Laws governing landlord–tenant relationships can be found as far back as the <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a>. However, the <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a> of the landlord-tenant relationship evolved in England during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. That law still retains many archaic terms and principles pertinent to a <a href="/wiki/Feudal" class="mw-redirect" title="Feudal">feudal</a> social order and an <a href="/wiki/Agrarian_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrarian economy">agrarian economy</a>, where land was the primary economic asset and ownership of land was the primary source of rank and status. </p><p>The tenancy was essential to the <a href="/wiki/Feudal_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Feudal system">feudal hierarchy</a> after the statute <i><a href="/wiki/Quia_Emptores" title="Quia Emptores">Quia Emptores</a></i> prohibited <a href="/wiki/Subinfeudation" title="Subinfeudation">subinfeudation</a> (the creation of new feudal estates by existing feudal landholders) in the late 13th century; a lord would own land, and the tenants became <a href="/wiki/Vassals" class="mw-redirect" title="Vassals">vassals</a>. Leasehold estates can still be <a href="/wiki/Crown_land" title="Crown land">Crown land</a> today.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a>, all private land "ownerships" are leaseholds of Crown land. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A distinction may be made between a residential tenancy, offering a person a place to live, and a <b>business tenancy</b>, where premises are occupied for business purposes. There may be different statutory provisions for residential and business tenancies, for example in the UK's <a href="/wiki/Landlord_and_Tenant_Act_1954" title="Landlord and Tenant Act 1954">Landlord and Tenant Act 1954</a>, Part I (now largely superseded) dealt with residential tenancies and Part II dealt with business tenancies.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fixed-term_tenancy_or_tenancy_for_years">Fixed-term tenancy or tenancy for years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fixed-term tenancy or tenancy for years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A "fixed-term tenancy" or <a href="/wiki/Lease#Fixed-term_tenancy_or_tenancy_for_years" title="Lease">tenancy for years</a> lasts for some fixed period of time. Despite the name, such a tenancy can last for any period of time – even a tenancy for one week would be called a tenancy for years. In common law, the duration did not need to be certain, but could be conditioned upon the happening of some event (e.g. "until the crops are ready for harvest", "until the war is over"). In many jurisdictions that possibility has been partially or totally abolished.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Termination_or_expiration">Termination or expiration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Termination or expiration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tenancy will end automatically when the fixed term runs out or in the case of a tenancy that ends on the happening of an event when the event occurs. It is also possible for a tenant to give up the tenancy to the landlord, either expressly or implicitly. This process is known as a surrender of the lease. A tenancy may end when and if the tenant accepts a buyout agreement from their landlord. The landlord can offer to repurchase the property from their tenant for a negotiated price as long as both parties agree upon the deal.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Depending on the laws in force in a particular jurisdiction, different circumstances may legally arise where a tenant remains in possession of property after the expiration of a lease. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Periodic_tenancy">Periodic tenancy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Periodic tenancy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <b>periodic tenancy</b>, also known as a <b>tenancy from year to year</b>, <b>month to month</b>, or <b>week to week</b>, is an estate that exists for some period of time determined by the term of the payment of rent. An oral lease for a tenancy of years that violates the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_frauds" title="Statute of frauds">statute of frauds</a> (by committing to a lease of more than—depending on the jurisdiction—one year without being in writing) may create a periodic tenancy, the construed term being dependent on the laws of the jurisdiction where the leased premises are located. In many jurisdictions the "default" tenancy, where the parties have not explicitly specified a different arrangement, and where none is presumed under local or business custom, is the month-to-month tenancy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenancy_at_will">Tenancy at will</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tenancy at will"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <b>tenancy at will</b> or <b>estate at will</b> is a leasehold such that either the landlord or the tenant may terminate the tenancy at any time by giving reasonable notice. It usually occurs in the absence of a <a href="/wiki/Lease" title="Lease">lease</a>, or where the tenancy is not for <a href="/wiki/Consideration" title="Consideration">consideration</a>. Under the modern common law, tenancy at will can arise under the following circumstances: </p> <ul><li>the parties expressly agree that the tenancy is at will and not for rent.</li> <li>a family member is allowed to live at home without formal arrangement. A nominal consideration may be required.</li> <li>a tenant wishes to occupy the property urgently, but there was insufficient time to negotiate and execute a lease. The tenancy at will terminates in this case as soon as a written lease is completed. The tenant must vacate the property if a lease fails to be realized.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (November 2017)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Leasehold_estate#Dubious" title="Talk:Leasehold estate">discuss</a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <p>In a residential lease for consideration, a tenant may not be removed except for <a href="/wiki/Causation_(law)" title="Causation (law)">cause</a>, even in the absence of a written lease. If a landlord can terminate the tenancy at will, a tenant by <a href="/wiki/Operation_of_law" title="Operation of law">operation of law</a> is also granted a reciprocal right to terminate at will. However, a lease that expressly continues at the will of the tenant ("for as long as the tenant desires to live on this land") does not automatically provide the landlord with a reciprocal right to terminate, even for cause. Rather, such language may be construed to convey to the tenant a <a href="/wiki/Life_estate" title="Life estate">life estate</a> or even a <a href="/wiki/Fee_simple" title="Fee simple">fee simple</a>. </p><p>A tenancy at will terminates by <a href="/wiki/Operation_of_law" title="Operation of law">operation of law</a>, if: </p> <ul><li>the tenant commits <a href="/wiki/Waste_(law)" title="Waste (law)">waste</a> against the property;</li> <li>the tenant attempts to <a href="/wiki/Assignment_(law)" title="Assignment (law)">assign</a> his tenancy;</li> <li>the landlord transfers his interest in the property;</li> <li>the landlord leases the property to another person;</li> <li>the tenant or the landlord dies.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenancy_at_sufferance">Tenancy at sufferance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tenancy at sufferance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <b>tenancy at sufferance</b> (sometimes called a <b>holdover tenancy</b>) is created when a tenant wrongfully holds over past the end of the duration period of the tenancy (for example, a tenant who stays past the expiration of his or her lease). In this case, the landlord can hold over the tenant to a new tenancy, and collect rent for the period the tenant has held over. </p><p>A tenancy at sufferance may exist when a tenant remains in possession of property even after the end of the lease, until the landlord acts to eject the tenant. The occupant may legally be a <a href="/wiki/Trespasser" title="Trespasser">trespasser</a> at this point, and the possession of this type may not be a true estate in land, even if authorities recognize the condition to hold the tenant liable for rent. The landlord may be able to <a href="/wiki/Evict" class="mw-redirect" title="Evict">evict</a> such a tenant at any time without notice. Action to evict will terminate a tenancy at sufferance, because the tenant no longer enjoys possession. Some jurisdictions impose an irrevocable election whereby the landlord treats the holdover as either a trespasser, or as a tenant at sufferance. A trespasser is not in possession; but a tenant at sufferance continues to enjoy possession of the real property. </p><p>The landlord may also be able to impose a new lease on the holdover tenant. For a residential tenancy, such new tenancy lasts month to month. For a commercial tenancy of more than a year, the new tenancy is year to year; otherwise, the tenancy lasts for the same length of time as the duration under the original lease. In either case, the landlord can charge a higher rent, if the landlord, before the expiration of the original lease, has notified the tenant of the increase. </p><p>Simply leaving property behind on the premises does not constitute possession; thus, a tenancy at sufferance cannot be established. E.g., <i>Nathan Lane Assocs. v. Merchants Wholesale</i>, 698 N.W.2d 136 (Iowa 2005); <i>Brown v. Music, Inc.</i>, 359 P.2d 295 (Alaska 1961). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Continuation_tenancy">Continuation tenancy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Continuation tenancy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some jurisdictions, the tenant has a legal right to remain in occupation of the premises after the end of a lease unless the landlord complies with a formal process to dispossess the tenant of the property. For example, in <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a>, a business tenant has a right to continue occupying their <a href="/wiki/Demise" title="Demise">demise</a> after the end of their lease under the provisions of sections 24–28 of the <a href="/wiki/Landlord_and_Tenant_Act_1954" title="Landlord and Tenant Act 1954">Landlord and Tenant Act 1954</a> (unless these provisions were formally excluded by agreement before the lease was completed). At the end of their lease they need do nothing but continue payment of rent at the previous level and uphold all other relevant <a href="/wiki/Covenant_(law)" title="Covenant (law)">covenants</a> such as to keep the building in good repair. They cannot be evicted unless the landlord serves a formal notice to end the tenancy and successfully opposes the grant of the new lease to which the tenant has an automatic right. Even this can only be done under prescribed circumstances, for example the landlord's desire to occupy the premises himself or to demolish and redevelop the building. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contemporary_practice">Contemporary practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Contemporary practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leasehold_land">Leasehold land</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Leasehold land"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Leasehold land is a land holding leased to a person or company by the relevant <a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">state</a> (as the Crown); however, all mineral rights are reserved to the Crown. There are different types of leasehold tenure from state to state.<sup id="cite_ref-austradeleasehold_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-austradeleasehold-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pastoral_lease" title="Pastoral lease">Pastoral leases</a> cover about 44% of <a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">mainland Australia</a>, mostly in arid and semi-arid regions and the tropical <a href="/wiki/Savannah" class="mw-redirect" title="Savannah">savannahs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are three types of leasehold tenure in Australia:<sup id="cite_ref-austradeleasehold_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-austradeleasehold-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Term lease – usually 1–50 years, for a specified purpose.</li> <li>Perpetual lease, or lease in perpetuity – may be used only for a specified purpose.</li> <li>Freeholding lease – after approval is granted, convert a lease to freehold, and the lessee pays the purchase price in installments. This is an interim tenure; freehold title is not issued until all purchase costs have been paid.</li></ul> <p>All land in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a> (ACT) is leasehold, issued with <a href="/wiki/99-year_lease" title="99-year lease">99-year leases</a>. The rent on the leases was abolished by the <a href="/wiki/Gorton_government" title="Gorton government">Gorton government</a> in 1970, with the leasehold system now "almost identical in operation" to the freehold tenure typical of residential properties in other Australian jurisdictions.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Residential_tenancies">Residential tenancies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Residential tenancies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Australian residential tenancies differ from state to state, governed by local legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Modern leasehold estates in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> can take one of four forms—the <i>fixed-term tenancy</i> or <i>tenancy for years</i>, the <i>periodic tenancy</i>, the <i>tenancy at will</i>, and the <i>tenancy at sufferance</i>. Forms no longer used<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> include <a href="/wiki/Socage" title="Socage">socage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burgage" title="Burgage">burgage</a>. </p><p>When a landowner allows one or more persons, called "tenants", to use the land in some way for some fixed period, the land becomes a leasehold, and the resident- (or worker-) landowner relation is called a "tenancy". A tenant pays <a href="/wiki/Renting" title="Renting">rent</a> (a form of <a href="/wiki/Consideration" title="Consideration">consideration</a>) to the landowner. The leasehold can include buildings and other improvements to the land. The tenant can do one or more of: farm the leasehold, live on it, or practise a trade on it. Typically, leasehold estates are held by tenants for a specific period of time. </p><p>In England in recent years, some new homes and apartments have been sold by large housebuilders with a leasehold where the <a href="/wiki/Ground_rent" title="Ground rent">ground rent</a> payable doubles every 10 to 25 years, with consequently a very high price to buy out the lease. This has caused some recently built homes to be complicated to sell.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian-20161029_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-20161029-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, the British government launched a consultation on legal reforms to end such exploitative schemes.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph-20170211_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-20170211-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scotland has different laws, and under <a href="/wiki/Scots_law" title="Scots law">Scots Law</a> it has been forbidden by statute since 1974 to create a lease of a dwelling lasting longer than 20 years or to grant any other lease of over 175 years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the US, food <a href="/wiki/Co-op" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-op">co-ops</a> supply tenants with a place to grow their own produce. <a href="/wiki/Rural_tenancy" title="Rural tenancy">Rural tenancy</a> is also a common practice. Under a rural tenancy, a person buys a large amount of land, and the rural community uses it agriculturally as a source of income. </p><p>The term <b>estate for years</b> appears to be a US term. This refers to a leasehold estate for any specific period of time (the word "years" is misleading, as the duration of the lease could be a day, a week, a month, etc.). An estate for years is not automatically renewed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Duties_of_participants">Duties of participants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Duties of participants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duties_of_landlord">Duties of landlord</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Duties of landlord"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first duty of the <a href="/wiki/Landlord" title="Landlord">landlord</a> is to put the tenant in physical possession of the land at the outset of the lease (the <a href="/w/index.php?title=English_rule_(property)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="English rule (property) (page does not exist)">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Majority_rule" title="Majority rule">majority rule</a>, as opposed to the <a href="/wiki/American_rule_(property)" title="American rule (property)">American rule</a> which only requires the tenant be given <i>legal</i> possession, or the <i>right</i> to possess); the second is to provide the premises in a <i>habitable condition</i>—there is an implied warranty of habitability. If landlord violates either, the tenant can terminate the lease and move out, or stay on the premises, while continuing to pay rent, and sue the landlord for damages (or withhold rent and use breach of implied warranty of habitability as a defense when the landlord attempts to collect rent). </p><p>The lease also includes an implied covenant of quiet enjoyment – landlord will not interfere with tenant's quiet enjoyment. This can be breached in three ways. </p> <ol><li>Total eviction of the tenant through direct physical invasion by landlord.</li> <li>Partial eviction – when the landlord keeps the tenant off <i>part</i> of the leased property (even locking a single room). Tenant can stay on the remaining property without paying any rent.</li> <li>Partial eviction by someone <i>other</i> than landlord – where this occurs, rent is apportioned. If landlord claims to lease tenant an area of 1,000 square metres but 400 square metres of the area belongs to another person, tenant only has to pay 60% of the rent.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landlord's_tort_liability"><span id="Landlord.27s_tort_liability"></span>Landlord's tort liability</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Landlord's tort liability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the common law,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous. (July 2020)">where?</span></a></i>]</sup> the landlord had no duties to the tenant to protect the tenant or the tenant's <a href="/wiki/Licensees" class="mw-redirect" title="Licensees">licensees</a> and <a href="/wiki/Invitees" class="mw-redirect" title="Invitees">invitees</a>, except in the following situations: </p> <ol><li>Failure to disclose latent defects of which the landlord knows or has reason to know. Note that the landlord has no duty to repair the defect, just to disclose its existence.</li> <li>For a short-term lease (three months or less) of a furnished dwelling, the tenants are treated as invitees, and the landlord is liable for defects even if the landlord neither knows nor should know of them.</li> <li>Common areas under landlord's control (e.g. hallways in an <a href="/wiki/Apartment_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Apartment building">apartment building</a>), if the landlord failed to use reasonable care in maintaining them.</li> <li>Injury resulting from landlord's negligent repairs – even if the landlord used all due care.</li> <li>Public use, if the following three factors exist: <ol><li>Landlord knows or should know that the tenant makes public use of the land (e.g. the land is rented for use as a restaurant or a store);</li> <li>Landlord knows or should know that there is a defect; and</li> <li>Landlord knows or should know that the tenant will not fix the defect.</li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duties_of_tenant">Duties of tenant</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Duties of tenant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the common law, the tenant has a number of duties to the landlord: </p> <ol><li>to pay rent when it is due,</li> <li>to avoid <a href="/wiki/Waste_(law)" title="Waste (law)">waste</a> of the property.</li> <li>to inform the landlord of any development that may affect the subject property.</li></ol> <p>A tenant is liable to third-party invitees for negligent failure to correct a dangerous condition on the premise – even if the landlord was contractually liable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effects_of_condemnation">Effects of condemnation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Effects of condemnation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If land under lease to a tenant is condemned under the government's<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (July 2020)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> power of <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">eminent domain</a>, the tenant may be able to earn either a reduction in rent or a portion of the condemnation award (the price paid by the government) to the owner, depending on the amount of land taken, and the value of the leasehold property.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous. (July 2020)">where?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>With a <i>partial taking</i> of the land, the tenant may claim apportioned rent for property taken. For example, suppose a tenant leases land for six months for <a href="/wiki/Currency_sign_(generic)" title="Currency sign (generic)">¤</a>1,000 per month, and that two months into the lease, the government condemns 25% of the land. The tenant will then be entitled to take a portion of the condemnation award equal to 25% of the rent due for the remaining four months of the lease—¤1,000, derived from ¤250 per month for four months. </p><p>A <i>full taking</i>, however, extinguishes the lease and excuses all rent from that point. The tenant will not be entitled to any portion of the condemnation award, unless the value of the lease was greater than the rent paid. In this case, the tenant can recover the difference. Suppose in the above example that the land's market value was actually ¤1,200 a month, but the ¤1,000 per month rate represented a break given to the tenant by the landlord. Because the tenant is losing the ability to continue renting the land at this bargain rate (and probably must move to more expensive land), the tenant will be entitled to the difference between the lease rate and the market value – ¤200 per month for a total of ¤800. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Case_v._Minot" title="Case v. Minot">Case v. Minot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_cooperative" title="Housing cooperative">Housing cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landlord_and_Tenant_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Landlord and Tenant Act">Landlord and Tenant Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landlord_harassment" title="Landlord harassment">Landlord harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leasehold_valuation_tribunal" title="Leasehold valuation tribunal">Leasehold valuation tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_estate" title="Life estate">Life estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rental_agreement" title="Rental agreement">Rental agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenant_farmer" title="Tenant farmer">Tenant farmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenement" title="Tenement">Tenement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenement_(law)" title="Tenement (law)">Tenement (law)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/7-381-1197?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true">"Leasehold estate"</a>. <i>Practical Law</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Practical+Law&rft.atitle=Leasehold+estate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com%2F7-381-1197%3FtransitionType%3DDefault%26contextData%3D%28sc.Default%29%26firstPage%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231202120820/https://vardags.com/posts/freehold-vs-leasehold-understanding-property-in-england">"Freehold vs Leasehold: Understanding property in England"</a>. Vardags. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vardags.com/posts/freehold-vs-leasehold-understanding-property-in-england">the original</a> on 2023-12-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Freehold+vs+Leasehold%3A+Understanding+property+in+England&rft.pub=Vardags&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvardags.com%2Fposts%2Ffreehold-vs-leasehold-understanding-property-in-england&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UK Legislation, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Eliz2/2-3/56/enacted">Landlord and Tenant Act 1954: Original (as enacted)</a>, accessed 11 February 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example in <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Property_Act_1925" title="Law of Property Act 1925">Law of Property Act 1925</a> s149(6) abolished leases for lives, and a lease expressed to be for life is converted into a lease for 90 years, terminable on the death of the tenant.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.com/newyorklawjournal/2019/01/29/the-new-rules-of-seeking-a-buyout-of-a-rent-regulated-tenant/">"The New Rules of Seeking a Buyout of a Rent-Regulated Tenant"</a>. <i>New York Law Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=The+New+Rules+of+Seeking+a+Buyout+of+a+Rent-Regulated+Tenant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.com%2Fnewyorklawjournal%2F2019%2F01%2F29%2Fthe-new-rules-of-seeking-a-buyout-of-a-rent-regulated-tenant%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-austradeleasehold-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-austradeleasehold_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-austradeleasehold_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.austrade.gov.au/land-tenure/Land-tenure/leasehold-land">"Leasehold land"</a>. <i>Austrade</i>. 26 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Austrade&rft.atitle=Leasehold+land&rft.date=2016-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.austrade.gov.au%2Fland-tenure%2FLand-tenure%2Fleasehold-land&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.austrade.gov.au/land-tenure/land-tenure/pastoral-leases">"Pastoral leases"</a>. <i>Austrade</i>. 26 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Austrade&rft.atitle=Pastoral+leases&rft.date=2016-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.austrade.gov.au%2Fland-tenure%2Fland-tenure%2Fpastoral-leases&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2016" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Gordon (4 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/specials/curious-canberra/2016-07-04/can-people-own-land-in-the-act/7550166">"Can people own land in the ACT?"</a>. ABC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Can+people+own+land+in+the+ACT%3F&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2Fspecials%2Fcurious-canberra%2F2016-07-04%2Fcan-people-own-land-in-the-act%2F7550166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rentalagreementsdiy.com.au/tenancy_laws_in_australia.php">"Tenant protection laws"</a>. <i>Rental Agreements</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rental+Agreements&rft.atitle=Tenant+protection+laws&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rentalagreementsdiy.com.au%2Ftenancy_laws_in_australia.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBallantyne2020" class="citation web cs1">Ballantyne, Adrian (9 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.realestate.com.au/advice/tenant-rights-in-every-australian-state/">"Tenant rights: a guide to every Australian state"</a>. <i>realestate.com.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=realestate.com.au&rft.atitle=Tenant+rights%3A+a+guide+to+every+Australian+state&rft.date=2020-06-09&rft.aulast=Ballantyne&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.realestate.com.au%2Fadvice%2Ftenant-rights-in-every-australian-state%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian-20161029-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guardian-20161029_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollinson2016" class="citation news cs1">Collinson, Patrick (29 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/money/2016/oct/29/new-builds-house-buyers-leasehold-property-trap">"The new-builds catching house buyers in a leasehold property trap"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+new-builds+catching+house+buyers+in+a+leasehold+property+trap&rft.date=2016-10-29&rft.aulast=Collinson&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmoney%2F2016%2Foct%2F29%2Fnew-builds-house-buyers-leasehold-property-trap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph-20170211-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-telegraph-20170211_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudgard2017" class="citation news cs1">Rudgard, Olivia (11 February 2017). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/consumer-affairs/government-act-leasehold-rip-offs/">"Government to act on leasehold rip-offs"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/consumer-affairs/government-act-leasehold-rip-offs/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Government+to+act+on+leasehold+rip-offs&rft.date=2017-02-11&rft.aulast=Rudgard&rft.aufirst=Olivia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fmoney%2Fconsumer-affairs%2Fgovernment-act-leasehold-rip-offs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeasehold+estate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasehold_estate&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output 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title="Property">Property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">Tertiary sector of the economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Bangladesh" title="Real estate in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_China" title="Real estate in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Italy" title="Real estate in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Kenya" title="Real estate in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Pakistan" title="Real estate in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Panama" title="Real estate in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Real estate in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Real estate in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_property" title="Commercial property">Commercial property</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial building">Commercial building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_Real_Estate" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate Real Estate">Corporate Real Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_real_estate" title="Extraterrestrial real estate">Extraterrestrial real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_real_estate" title="International real estate">International real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lease_administration" title="Lease administration">Lease administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niche_real_estate" title="Niche real estate">Niche real estate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garden_real_estate" class="mw-redirect" title="Garden real estate">Garden real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_real_estate" title="Healthcare real estate">Healthcare real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacation_property" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacation property">Vacation property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arable_land" title="Arable land">Arable land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_property" title="Golf property">Golf property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxury_real_estate" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxury real estate">Luxury real estate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-plan_property" title="Off-plan property">Off-plan property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_equity_real_estate" title="Private equity real estate">Private equity real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_owned" title="Real estate owned">Real estate owned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_property" class="mw-redirect" title="Residential property">Residential property</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Property_management" title="Property management">Property management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_development" title="Real estate development">Real estate development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_investing" title="Real estate investing">Real estate investing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flipping" title="Flipping">Real estate flipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relocation_service" title="Relocation service">Relocation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Property_law" title="Property law">Law</a> and regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adverse_possession" title="Adverse possession">Adverse possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_of_title" title="Chain of title">Chain of title</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closing_(real_estate)" title="Closing (real estate)">Closing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_estate" title="Concurrent estate">Concurrent estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conditional_sale" title="Conditional sale">Conditional sale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyancing" title="Conveyancing">Conveyancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deed" title="Deed">Deed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">Eminent domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encumbrance" title="Encumbrance">Encumbrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreclosure" title="Foreclosure">Foreclosure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_law" title="Land law">Land law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_registration" title="Land registration">Land registration</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leasehold estate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lease" title="Lease">Lease</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_abstract" title="Property abstract">Property abstract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_transaction" title="Real estate transaction">Real estate transaction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_contract" title="Real estate contract">Real estate contract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_property" title="Real property">Real property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rent_regulation" title="Rent regulation">Rent regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severance_(land)" title="Severance (land)">Severance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrens_title" title="Torrens title">Torrens title</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoning" title="Zoning">Zoning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economics, financing<br />and valuation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asset-based_lending" title="Asset-based lending">Asset-based lending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalization_rate" title="Capitalization rate">Capitalization rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effective_gross_income" title="Effective gross income">Effective gross income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_rent_multiplier" title="Gross rent multiplier">Gross rent multiplier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_money_loan" title="Hard money loan">Hard money loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highest_and_best_use" title="Highest and best use">Highest and best use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_equity_loan" title="Home equity loan">Home equity loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investment_rating_for_real_estate" title="Investment rating for real estate">Investment rating for real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortgage_insurance" title="Mortgage insurance">Mortgage insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortgage_loan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mortgage loan">Mortgage loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_derivative" title="Real estate derivative">Real estate derivative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_economics" title="Real estate economics">Real estate economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_bubble" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate bubble">Real estate bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_valuation" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate valuation">Real estate valuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remortgage" title="Remortgage">Remortgage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rental_value" title="Rental value">Rental value</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_appraisal" title="Real estate appraisal">Appraiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyer_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Buyer agent">Buyer agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyer_broker" class="mw-redirect" title="Buyer broker">Buyer broker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartered_Surveyor" title="Chartered Surveyor">Chartered Surveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_buyer_agent" title="Exclusive buyer agent">Exclusive buyer agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_banking" title="Land banking">Land banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landlord" title="Landlord">Landlord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_company" title="Moving company">Moving company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_manager" title="Property manager">Property manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_agent" title="Real estate agent">Real estate broker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_investment_club" title="Real estate investment club">Real estate investment club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trust" title="Real estate investment trust">Real estate investment trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_property_administrator" class="mw-redirect" title="Real property administrator">Real property administrator</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Real_estate_companies" title="Category:Real estate companies">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eviction" title="Eviction">Eviction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filtering_(housing)" title="Filtering (housing)">Filtering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">Gentrification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graduate_real_estate_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate real estate education">Graduate real estate education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_belt" title="Green belt">Green belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Real_estate_indices" title="Category:Real estate indices">Indices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Real_estate_industry_trade_groups" title="Category:Real estate industry trade groups">Industry trade groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_real_estate_investment_firms" title="List of real estate investment firms">Investment firms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_banking" title="Land banking">Land banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_in_real_estate" title="Category:Businesspeople in real estate">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_cycle" title="Property cycle">Property cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_trends" title="Real estate trends">Real estate trends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_real_estate_programs" class="mw-redirect" title="Undergraduate real estate programs">Undergraduate real estate programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_decay" title="Urban decay">Urban decay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_housing_markets_by_real_estate_prices" class="mw-redirect" title="List of housing markets by real estate prices">List of housing markets by real estate prices</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Real_estate" title="Category:Real estate">Category</a></b></li> <li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" 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