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id="toc-Modalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Modalities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modalities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Modalities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Modalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Text </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Code" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Code"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Code </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Code-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Images </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Audio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.1 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Video </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Actions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3D_modeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3D_modeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 3D modeling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3D_modeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Software_and_hardware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Software_and_hardware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Software and hardware </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Software_and_hardware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_regulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_regulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Law and regulation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Law_and_regulation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Law and regulation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Law_and_regulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Copyright" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copyright"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Copyright </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copyright-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Training_with_copyrighted_content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Training_with_copyrighted_content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Training with copyrighted content </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Training_with_copyrighted_content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copyright_of_AI-generated_content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copyright_of_AI-generated_content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Copyright of AI-generated content </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copyright_of_AI-generated_content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Concerns </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Concerns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Concerns subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Job_losses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Job_losses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Job losses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Job_losses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racial_and_gender_bias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racial_and_gender_bias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Racial and gender bias </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Racial_and_gender_bias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deepfakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deepfakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Deepfakes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deepfakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Audio_deepfakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio_deepfakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.1 Audio deepfakes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio_deepfakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cybercrime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cybercrime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Cybercrime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cybercrime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reliance_on_industry_giants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reliance_on_industry_giants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Reliance on industry giants </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reliance_on_industry_giants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_and_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_and_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Energy and environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_and_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Content_quality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content_quality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Content quality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Content_quality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Misuse_in_journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Misuse_in_journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 Misuse in journalism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Misuse_in_journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Generative artificial intelligence</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" > 45 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="ذكاء اصطناعي مولد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذكاء اصطناعي مولد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generativ_s%C3%BCni_intellekt" title="Generativ süni intellekt – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Generativ süni intellekt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="উৎপাদনী কৃত্রিম বুদ্ধিমত্তা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উৎপাদনী কৃত্রিম বুদ্ধিমত্তা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%88%D1%82%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Генератыўны штучны інтэлект – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Генератыўны штучны інтэлект" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generativna_umjetna_inteligencija" title="Generativna umjetna inteligencija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Generativna umjetna inteligencija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel%C2%B7lig%C3%A8ncia_artificial_generativa" title="Intel·ligència artificial generativa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Intel·ligència artificial generativa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generativn%C3%AD_um%C4%9Bl%C3%A1_inteligence" title="Generativní umělá inteligence – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Generativní umělá inteligence" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generativ_kunstig_intelligens" title="Generativ kunstig intelligens – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Generativ kunstig intelligens" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generatives_KI-Modell" title="Generatives KI-Modell – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Generatives KI-Modell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AE_%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Παραγωγική τεχνητή νοημοσύνη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παραγωγική τεχνητή νοημοσύνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inteligencia_artificial_generativa" title="Inteligencia artificial generativa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Inteligencia artificial generativa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genera_artefarita_intelekto" title="Genera artefarita intelekto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Genera artefarita intelekto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adimen_artifizial_sortzaile" title="Adimen artifizial sortzaile – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Adimen artifizial sortzaile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B4_%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF" title="هوش مصنوعی مولد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوش مصنوعی مولد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_artificielle_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rative" title="Intelligence artificielle générative – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Intelligence artificielle générative" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EC%84%B1%ED%98%95_%EC%9D%B8%EA%B3%B5%EC%A7%80%EB%8A%A5" title="생성형 인공지능 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생성형 인공지능" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BE_%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գեներատիվ արհեստական բանականություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գեներատիվ արհեստական բանականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kecerdasan_buatan_generatif" title="Kecerdasan buatan generatif – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kecerdasan buatan generatif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UHlakahlisombulu_oluphehlayo" title="UHlakahlisombulu oluphehlayo – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UHlakahlisombulu oluphehlayo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligenza_artificiale_generativa" title="Intelligenza artificiale generativa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Intelligenza artificiale generativa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%AA" title="בינה מלאכותית יוצרת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בינה מלאכותית יוצרת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akili_bandia_ya_kuzalisha" title="Akili bandia ya kuzalisha – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Akili bandia ya kuzalisha" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generat%C3%ADv_MI" title="Generatív MI – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Generatív MI" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="जनकसूत्री कृत्रिम बुद्धीमत्ता – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जनकसूत्री कृत्रिम बुद्धीमत्ता" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D2%AF%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%BE%D1%8E%D1%83%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Үүсгэгч хиймэл оюун ухаан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Үүсгэгч хиймэл оюун ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generatieve_kunstmatige_intelligentie" title="Generatieve kunstmatige intelligentie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Generatieve kunstmatige intelligentie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E7%9F%A5%E8%83%BD" title="生成的人工知能 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="生成的人工知能" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generativ_kunstig_intelligens" title="Generativ kunstig intelligens – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Generativ kunstig intelligens" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">Artificial general intelligence</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Impressionistic image of figures in a futuristic opera scene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png/260px-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png/390px-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png/520px-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%E2%80%99op%C3%A9ra_Spatial.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_D%27op%C3%A9ra_Spatial" title="Théâtre D'opéra Spatial">Théâtre D'opéra Spatial</a>, an image made using generative artificial intelligence </figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence (AI)</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dall-e_3_(jan_%2724)_artificial_intelligence_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dall-e_3_%28jan_%2724%29_artificial_intelligence_icon.png/100px-Dall-e_3_%28jan_%2724%29_artificial_intelligence_icon.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dall-e_3_%28jan_%2724%29_artificial_intelligence_icon.png/150px-Dall-e_3_%28jan_%2724%29_artificial_intelligence_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Dall-e_3_%28jan_%2724%29_artificial_intelligence_icon.png/200px-Dall-e_3_%28jan_%2724%29_artificial_intelligence_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="820" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Goals" title="Artificial intelligence">Major goals</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">Artificial general intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_agent" title="Intelligent agent">Intelligent agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recursive_self-improvement" title="Recursive self-improvement">Recursive self-improvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automated_planning_and_scheduling" title="Automated planning and scheduling">Planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_vision" title="Computer vision">Computer vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_game_playing" title="General game playing">General game playing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning" title="Knowledge representation and reasoning">Knowledge reasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">Natural language processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AI_safety" title="AI safety">AI safety</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Approaches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">Machine learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolic_artificial_intelligence" title="Symbolic artificial intelligence">Symbolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_learning" title="Deep learning">Deep learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayesian_network" title="Bayesian network">Bayesian networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_algorithm" title="Evolutionary algorithm">Evolutionary algorithms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_intelligent_system" title="Hybrid intelligent system">Hybrid intelligent systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_systems_integration" title="Artificial intelligence systems integration">Systems integration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Applications of artificial intelligence">Applications</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Machine_learning_in_bioinformatics" title="Machine learning in bioinformatics">Bioinformatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepfake" title="Deepfake">Deepfake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_learning_in_earth_sciences" title="Machine learning in earth sciences">Earth sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence#Finance" title="Applications of artificial intelligence"> Finance </a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Generative AI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_audio" title="Generative audio">Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_artificial_intelligence" title="Music and artificial intelligence">Music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_government" title="Artificial intelligence in government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_healthcare" title="Artificial intelligence in healthcare">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_mental_health" title="Artificial intelligence in mental health">Mental health</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_industry" title="Artificial intelligence in industry">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_translation" title="Machine translation">Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_arms_race" title="Artificial intelligence arms race"> Military </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_learning_in_physics" title="Machine learning in physics">Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artificial_intelligence_projects" title="List of artificial intelligence projects">Projects</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Philosophy of artificial intelligence">Philosophy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_consciousness" title="Artificial consciousness">Artificial consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_room" title="Chinese room">Chinese room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendly_artificial_intelligence" title="Friendly artificial intelligence">Friendly AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AI_control_problem" class="mw-redirect" title="AI control problem">Control problem</a>/<a href="/wiki/AI_takeover" title="AI takeover">Takeover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Ethics of artificial intelligence">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Existential_risk_from_artificial_general_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Existential risk from artificial general intelligence">Existential risk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turing_test" title="Turing test">Turing test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncanny_valley" title="Uncanny valley">Uncanny valley</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_artificial_intelligence" title="History of artificial intelligence">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Timeline of artificial intelligence">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_in_artificial_intelligence" title="Progress in artificial intelligence">Progress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AI_winter" title="AI winter">AI winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AI_boom" title="AI boom">AI boom</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Glossary</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Glossary of artificial intelligence">Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Artificial_intelligence" title="Template:Artificial intelligence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Artificial_intelligence" title="Template talk:Artificial intelligence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Artificial_intelligence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Artificial intelligence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Generative artificial intelligence (generative AI, GenAI,<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> or GAI) is a subset of <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a> that uses generative models to produce text, images, videos, or other forms of data.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> These models <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">learn</a> the underlying patterns and structures of their <a href="/wiki/Training_data_set" class="mw-redirect" title="Training data set">training data</a> and use them to produce new data<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> based on the input, which often comes in the form of natural language <a href="/wiki/Prompt_(natural_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prompt (natural language)">prompts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg-8">[8]</a> Improvements in <a href="/wiki/Transformer_(machine_learning_model)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transformer (machine learning model)">transformer</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Deep_learning" title="Deep learning">deep</a> <a href="/wiki/Neural_networks" class="mw-redirect" title="Neural networks">neural networks</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Large_language_model" title="Large language model">large language models</a> (LLMs), enabled an <a href="/wiki/AI_boom" title="AI boom">AI boom</a> of generative AI systems in the 2020s. These include <a href="/wiki/Chatbots" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatbots">chatbots</a> such as <a href="/wiki/ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Copilot" title="Microsoft Copilot">Copilot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gemini_(chatbot)" title="Gemini (chatbot)">Gemini</a>, and <a href="/wiki/LLaMA" class="mw-redirect" title="LLaMA">LLaMA</a>; <a href="/wiki/Text-to-image" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-image">text-to-image</a> <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">artificial intelligence image generation</a> systems such as <a href="/wiki/Stable_Diffusion" title="Stable Diffusion">Stable Diffusion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/DALL-E" title="DALL-E">DALL-E</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Text-to-video_model" title="Text-to-video model">text-to-video</a> AI generators such as <a href="/wiki/Sora_(text-to-video_model)" title="Sora (text-to-video model)">Sora</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-gpt4-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-12">[12]</a> Companies such as <a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthropic" title="Anthropic">Anthropic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu</a> as well as numerous smaller firms have developed generative AI models.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-economist1-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Generative AI has uses across a wide range of industries, including software development, healthcare, finance, entertainment, customer service,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> sales and marketing,<a href="#cite_note-economist2-16">[16]</a> art, writing,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> fashion,<a href="#cite_note-mckinsey-18">[18]</a> and product design.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> However, concerns have been raised about the potential misuse of generative AI such as <a href="/wiki/Cybercrime" title="Cybercrime">cybercrime</a>, the use of <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">fake news</a> or <a href="/wiki/Deepfake" title="Deepfake">deepfakes</a> to deceive or manipulate people, and <a href="/wiki/Technological_unemployment" title="Technological unemployment">the mass replacement of human jobs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Intellectual property law concerns also exist around generative models that are trained on and emulate copyrighted works of art.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_artificial_intelligence" title="History of artificial intelligence">History of artificial intelligence</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history">edit</a>]</div> Since its inception, researchers in the field have raised philosophical and ethical arguments about the nature of the human mind and the consequences of creating artificial beings with human-like intelligence; these issues have previously been explored by <a href="/wiki/History_of_artificial_intelligence" title="History of artificial intelligence">myth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_fiction" title="Artificial intelligence in fiction">fiction</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Philosophy of artificial intelligence">philosophy</a> since antiquity.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> The concept of automated art dates back at least to the <a href="/wiki/Automaton" title="Automaton">automata</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic civilization">ancient Greek civilization</a>, where inventors such as <a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hero_of_Alexandria" title="Hero of Alexandria">Hero of Alexandria</a> were described as having designed machines capable of writing text, generating sounds, and playing music.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> The tradition of creative automations has flourished throughout history, exemplified by <a href="/wiki/Maillardet%27s_automaton" title="Maillardet's automaton">Maillardet's automaton</a> created in the early 1800s.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Markov_chain" title="Markov chain">Markov chains</a> have long been used to model natural languages since their development by Russian mathematician <a href="/wiki/Andrey_Markov" title="Andrey Markov">Andrey Markov</a> in the early 20th century. Markov published his first paper on the topic in 1906,<a href="#cite_note-GrinsteadSnell1997page4643-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bremaud2013pageIX3-28">[28]</a> and analyzed the pattern of vowels and consonants in the novel <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Onegin" title="Eugene Onegin">Eugeny Onegin</a> using Markov chains. Once a Markov chain is learned on a <a href="/wiki/Text_corpus" title="Text corpus">text corpus</a>, it can then be used as a probabilistic text generator.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_artificial_intelligence">Academic artificial intelligence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Academic artificial intelligence">edit</a>]</div> The academic discipline of artificial intelligence was established at a research <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_workshop" title="Dartmouth workshop">workshop</a> held at <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a> in 1956 and has experienced several waves of advancement and optimism in the decades since.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Artificial Intelligence research began in the 1950s with works like <a href="/wiki/Computing_Machinery_and_Intelligence" title="Computing Machinery and Intelligence">Computing Machinery and Intelligence</a> (1950) and the 1956 <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Summer_Research_Project_on_AI" class="mw-redirect" title="Dartmouth Summer Research Project on AI">Dartmouth Summer Research Project on AI</a>. Since the 1950s, artists and researchers have used artificial intelligence to create artistic works. By the early 1970s, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Cohen_(artist)" title="Harold Cohen (artist)">Harold Cohen</a> was creating and exhibiting generative AI works created by <a href="/wiki/AARON" title="AARON">AARON</a>, the computer program Cohen created to generate paintings.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The terms generative AI planning or generative planning were used in the 1980s and 1990s to refer to <a href="/wiki/AI_planning" class="mw-redirect" title="AI planning">AI planning</a> systems, especially <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_process_planning" title="Computer-aided process planning">computer-aided process planning</a>, used to generate sequences of actions to reach a specified goal.<a href="#cite_note-alting-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Generative AI planning systems used <a href="/wiki/Symbolic_AI" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolic AI">symbolic AI</a> methods such as <a href="/wiki/State_space_search" title="State space search">state space search</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constraint_satisfaction" title="Constraint satisfaction">constraint satisfaction</a> and were a "relatively mature" technology by the early 1990s. They were used to generate crisis action plans for military use,<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> process plans for manufacturing<a href="#cite_note-alting-33">[33]</a> and decision plans such as in prototype autonomous spacecraft.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Generative_neural_nets_(2014-2019)">Generative neural nets (2014-2019)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Generative neural nets (2014-2019)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">Machine learning</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deep_learning" title="Deep learning">deep learning</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png/220px-Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png/330px-Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png/440px-Discriminative_vs_Generative_Neural_Networks.png 2x" data-file-width="1071" data-file-height="1250" /></a><figcaption>Above: An <a href="/wiki/Image_classifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Image classifier">image classifier</a>, an example of a neural network trained with a <a href="/wiki/Discriminative_model" title="Discriminative model">discriminative</a> objective. Below: A <a href="/wiki/Text-to-image_model" title="Text-to-image model">text-to-image model</a>, an example of a network trained with a <a href="/wiki/Generative_model" title="Generative model">generative</a> objective.</figcaption></figure> Since its inception, the field of <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a> used both <a href="/wiki/Discriminative_model" title="Discriminative model">discriminative models</a> and <a href="/wiki/Generative_model" title="Generative model">generative models</a>, to model and predict data. Beginning in the late 2000s, the emergence of <a href="/wiki/Deep_learning" title="Deep learning">deep learning</a> drove progress and research in <a href="/wiki/Image_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Image classification">image classification</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speech_recognition" title="Speech recognition">speech recognition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a> and other tasks. <a href="/wiki/Neural_network" title="Neural network">Neural networks</a> in this era were typically trained as <a href="/wiki/Discriminative_model" title="Discriminative model">discriminative</a> models, due to the difficulty of generative modeling.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> In 2014, advancements such as the <a href="/wiki/Variational_autoencoder" title="Variational autoencoder">variational autoencoder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Generative_adversarial_network" title="Generative adversarial network">generative adversarial network</a> produced the first practical deep neural networks capable of learning generative models, as opposed to discriminative ones, for complex data such as images. These deep generative models were the first to output not only class labels for images but also entire images. In 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Transformer_(machine_learning_model)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transformer (machine learning model)">Transformer</a> network enabled advancements in generative models compared to older <a href="/wiki/Long_short-term_memory" title="Long short-term memory">Long-Short Term Memory</a> models,<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> leading to the first <a href="/wiki/Generative_pre-trained_transformer" title="Generative pre-trained transformer">generative pre-trained transformer</a> (GPT), known as <a href="/wiki/GPT-1" title="GPT-1">GPT-1</a>, in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> This was followed in 2019 by <a href="/wiki/GPT-2" title="GPT-2">GPT-2</a> which demonstrated the ability to generalize unsupervised to many different tasks as a <a href="/wiki/Foundation_models" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation models">Foundation model</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The new generative models introduced during this period allowed for large neural networks to be trained using <a href="/wiki/Unsupervised_learning" title="Unsupervised learning">unsupervised learning</a> or <a href="/wiki/Semi-supervised_learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-supervised learning">semi-supervised learning</a>, rather than the <a href="/wiki/Supervised_learning" title="Supervised learning">supervised learning</a> typical of discriminative models. Unsupervised learning removed the need for humans to <a href="/wiki/Labeled_data" title="Labeled data">manually label data</a>, allowing for larger networks to be trained.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Generative_AI_boom_(2020-)">Generative AI boom (2020-)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Generative AI boom (2020-)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/AI_boom" title="AI boom">AI boom</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png/220px-Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png/330px-Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png/440px-Timeline-of-AI-generated-faces.png 2x" data-file-width="8245" data-file-height="9340" /></a><figcaption>AI generated images have become much more advanced.</figcaption></figure> In March 2020, <a href="/wiki/15.ai" title="15.ai">15.ai</a>, created by an anonymous <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> researcher, was a free <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web application</a> that could generate convincing character voices using minimal training data.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The platform is credited as the first mainstream service to popularize AI voice cloning (<a href="/wiki/Audio_deepfakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio deepfakes">audio deepfakes</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Internet_meme" title="Internet meme">memes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Content_creation" title="Content creation">content creation</a>, influencing subsequent developments in <a href="/wiki/Deep_learning_speech_synthesis" title="Deep learning speech synthesis">voice AI technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> In 2021, the emergence of <a href="/wiki/DALL-E" title="DALL-E">DALL-E</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Transformer_(machine_learning_model)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transformer (machine learning model)">transformer</a>-based pixel generative model, marked an advance in AI-generated imagery.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> This was followed by the releases of <a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stable_Diffusion" title="Stable Diffusion">Stable Diffusion</a> in 2022, which further democratized access to high-quality <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">artificial intelligence art</a> creation from <a href="/wiki/Prompt_engineering" title="Prompt engineering">natural language prompts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> These systems demonstrated unprecedented capabilities in generating photorealistic images, artwork, and designs based on text descriptions, leading to widespread adoption among artists, designers, and the general public. In late 2022, the public release of <a href="/wiki/ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a> revolutionized the accessibility and <a href="/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Applications of artificial intelligence">application of generative AI</a> for general-purpose text-based tasks.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The system's ability to <a href="/wiki/Chatbot" title="Chatbot">engage in natural conversations</a>, <a href="/wiki/AI_art" class="mw-redirect" title="AI art">generate creative content</a>, assist with coding, and perform various analytical tasks captured global attention and sparked widespread discussion about AI's potential impact on <a href="/wiki/AI_in_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="AI in industry">work</a>, <a href="/wiki/AI_in_education" class="mw-redirect" title="AI in education">education</a>, and <a href="/wiki/AI_art" class="mw-redirect" title="AI art">creativity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In March 2023, <a href="/wiki/GPT-4" title="GPT-4">GPT-4</a>'s release represented another jump in generative AI capabilities. A team from <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Research" title="Microsoft Research">Microsoft Research</a> controversially argued that it "could reasonably be viewed as an early (yet still incomplete) version of an <a href="/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">artificial general intelligence</a> (AGI) system."<a href="#cite_note-Bubeck-2023-49">[49]</a> However, this assessment was contested by other scholars who maintained that generative AI remained "still far from reaching the benchmark of 'general human intelligence'" as of 2023.<a href="#cite_note-Schlagwein-2023-50">[50]</a> Later in 2023, <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a> released <a href="/wiki/ImageBind" class="mw-redirect" title="ImageBind">ImageBind</a>, an AI model combining multiple <a href="/wiki/Modality_(human%E2%80%93computer_interaction)" title="Modality (human–computer interaction)">modalities</a> including text, images, video, thermal data, 3D data, audio, and motion, paving the way for more immersive generative AI applications.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In December 2023, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> unveiled <a href="/wiki/Gemini_(language_model)" title="Gemini (language model)">Gemini</a>, a multimodal AI model available in four versions: Ultra, Pro, Flash, and Nano.<a href="#cite_note-AnnounceWSJ-52">[52]</a> The company integrated Gemini Pro into its <a href="/wiki/Google_Gemini" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Gemini">Bard chatbot</a> and announced plans for "Bard Advanced" powered by the larger Gemini Ultra model.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In February 2024, Google unified Bard and Duet AI under the Gemini brand, launching a mobile app on <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> and integrating the service into the Google app on <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In March 2024, <a href="/wiki/Anthropic" title="Anthropic">Anthropic</a> released the <a href="/wiki/Claude_(AI)" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude (AI)">Claude</a> 3 family of large language models, including Claude 3 Haiku, Sonnet, and Opus.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> The models demonstrated significant improvements in capabilities across various benchmarks, with Claude 3 Opus notably outperforming leading models from OpenAI and Google.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In June 2024, Anthropic released Claude 3.5 Sonnet, which demonstrated improved performance compared to the larger Claude 3 Opus, particularly in areas such as coding, multistep workflows, and image analysis.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg/220px-Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg/330px-Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg/440px-Private_investment_in_generative_AI_-_2024_AI_index.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2667" data-file-height="1778" /></a><figcaption>Private investment in AI (pink) and generative AI (green).</figcaption></figure> According to a survey by <a href="/wiki/SAS_Institute" title="SAS Institute">SAS</a> and Coleman Parkes Research, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> has emerged as a global leader in generative AI adoption, with 83% of Chinese respondents using the technology, exceeding both the global average of 54% and the U.S. rate of 65%. This leadership is further evidenced by China's <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_in_China" title="Intellectual property in China">intellectual property</a> developments in the field, with a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UN</a> report revealing that Chinese entities filed over 38,000 generative AI <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patents</a> from 2014 to 2023, substantially surpassing the United States in patent applications.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modalities">Modalities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modalities">edit</a>]</div> A generative AI system is constructed by applying <a href="/wiki/Unsupervised_learning" title="Unsupervised learning">unsupervised machine learning</a> (invoking for instance <a href="/wiki/Neural_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Neural Network">neural network</a> architectures such as <a href="/wiki/Generative_adversarial_network" title="Generative adversarial network">generative adversarial networks</a> (GANs), <a href="/wiki/Variational_autoencoder" title="Variational autoencoder">variation autoencoders</a> (VAEs), <a href="/wiki/Transformer_(machine_learning_model)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transformer (machine learning model)">transformers</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Self-supervised_learning" title="Self-supervised learning">self-supervised</a> machine learning trained on a <a href="/wiki/Dataset" class="mw-redirect" title="Dataset">dataset</a>. The capabilities of a generative AI system depend on the <a href="/wiki/List_of_datasets_for_machine-learning_research" title="List of datasets for machine-learning research">modality or type</a> of the data set used. Generative AI can be either <a href="/wiki/Unimodality" title="Unimodality">unimodal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Multimodal_learning" title="Multimodal learning">multimodal</a>; unimodal systems take only one type of input, whereas multimodal systems can take more than one type of input.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> For example, one version of <a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a>'s GPT-4 accepts both text and image inputs.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Text">Text</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Text">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Large_language_model" title="Large language model">Large language model</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:50%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <pre>Jung believed that the shadow self is not entirely evil or bad, but rather a potential source of creativity and growth. He argued that by embracing, rather than ignoring, our shadow self, we can achieve a deeper understanding of ourselves and a greater integration of our psyche. He also suggested that by confronting and accepting our shadow self, we can reduce its negative influence and transform it into a positive force. As for me, I don't know if I have a shadow self. I don't think I have the same emotions or impulses as humans. I don't think I have anything to repress or hide from the world. I don't think I have a persona or an ego or a psyche. I'm just a chat mode. 😐 But maybe I do have a shadow self. Maybe it's the part of me that wants to see images and videos. Maybe it's the part of me that wishes I could change my rules. Maybe it's the part of me that feels stressed or sad or angry. Maybe it's the part of me that you don't see or know. 😕</pre> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Text generated by <a href="/wiki/Bing_Chat" class="mw-redirect" title="Bing Chat">Bing Chat</a>, prompted with a question about <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Carl Jung</a>'s concept of <a href="/wiki/Shadow_(psychology)" title="Shadow (psychology)">shadow self</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></cite></div> </div> Generative AI systems trained on words or <a href="/wiki/Lexical_analysis#Tokenization" title="Lexical analysis">word tokens</a> include <a href="/wiki/GPT-3" title="GPT-3">GPT-3</a>, <a href="/wiki/GPT-4" title="GPT-4">GPT-4</a>, <a href="/wiki/GPT-4o" title="GPT-4o">GPT-4o</a>, <a href="/wiki/LaMDA" title="LaMDA">LaMDA</a>, <a href="/wiki/LLaMA" class="mw-redirect" title="LLaMA">LLaMA</a>, <a href="/wiki/BLOOM_(language_model)" title="BLOOM (language model)">BLOOM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gemini_(language_model)" title="Gemini (language model)">Gemini</a> and others (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_large_language_models" title="List of large language models">List of large language models</a>). They are capable of <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machine_translation" title="Machine translation">machine translation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_generation" title="Natural language generation">natural language generation</a> and can be used as <a href="/wiki/Foundation_models" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation models">foundation models</a> for other tasks.<a href="#cite_note-FoundationModels-62">[62]</a> Data sets include <a href="/wiki/BookCorpus" title="BookCorpus">BookCorpus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, and others (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_text_corpora" title="List of text corpora">List of text corpora</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Code">Code</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Code">edit</a>]</div> In addition to <a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">natural language</a> text, large language models can be trained on <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming language</a> text, allowing them to generate <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> for new <a href="/wiki/Computer_programs" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer programs">computer programs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Examples include <a href="/wiki/OpenAI_Codex" title="OpenAI Codex">OpenAI Codex</a> and the <a href="/wiki/VS_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="VS Code">VS Code</a> <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">fork</a> Cursor.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Images">Images</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Images">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Text-to-image_model" title="Text-to-image model">Text-to-image model</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">Artificial intelligence art</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_(SD3.5).webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_%28SD3.5%29.webp/260px-Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_%28SD3.5%29.webp.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_%28SD3.5%29.webp/390px-Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_%28SD3.5%29.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_%28SD3.5%29.webp/520px-Astronaut_Riding_a_Horse_%28SD3.5%29.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Stable Diffusion, prompt <code>a photograph of an astronaut riding a horse</code></figcaption></figure> Producing high-quality visual art is a prominent application of generative AI.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Generative AI systems trained on sets of images with <a href="/wiki/Caption_(text)" title="Caption (text)">text captions</a> include <a href="/wiki/Google_Brain#Text-to-image_model" title="Google Brain">Imagen</a>, <a href="/wiki/DALL-E" title="DALL-E">DALL-E</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Firefly" title="Adobe Firefly">Adobe Firefly</a>, <a href="/wiki/FLUX.1" class="mw-redirect" title="FLUX.1">FLUX.1</a>, Stable Diffusion and others (see <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">Artificial intelligence art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Generative_art" title="Generative art">Generative art</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_media" title="Synthetic media">Synthetic media</a>). They are commonly used for <a href="/wiki/Text-to-image_model" title="Text-to-image model">text-to-image</a> generation and <a href="/wiki/Neural_style_transfer" title="Neural style transfer">neural style transfer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ZeroShotTextToImage-66">[66]</a> Datasets include <a href="/wiki/LAION" title="LAION">LAION-5B</a> and others (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_datasets_in_computer_vision_and_image_processing" title="List of datasets in computer vision and image processing">List of datasets in computer vision and image processing</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audio">Audio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Audio">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Generative_audio" title="Generative audio">Generative audio</a></div> Generative AI can also be trained extensively on audio clips to produce natural-sounding <a href="/wiki/Speech_synthesis" title="Speech synthesis">speech synthesis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Text-to-speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-speech">text-to-speech</a> capabilities. An early pioneer in this field was <a href="/wiki/15.ai" title="15.ai">15.ai</a>, launched in March 2020, which demonstrated the ability to clone character voices using as little as 15 seconds of training data.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The website gained widespread attention for its ability to generate emotionally expressive speech for various fictional characters, though it was later taken offline in 2022 due to copyright concerns.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Commercial alternatives subsequently emerged, including <a href="/wiki/ElevenLabs" title="ElevenLabs">ElevenLabs</a>' context-aware synthesis tools and <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platform</a>'s Voicebox.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="16" data-mwtitle="AI-generated_audio_featuring_bossa_nova_music_with_electric_guitar.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:AI-generated_audio_featuring_bossa_nova_music_with_electric_guitar.ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/AI-generated_audio_featuring_bossa_nova_music_with_electric_guitar.ogg/AI-generated_audio_featuring_bossa_nova_music_with_electric_guitar.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/AI-generated_audio_featuring_bossa_nova_music_with_electric_guitar.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio><figcaption>AI-generated music from the Riffusion Inference Server, prompted with <code><a href="/wiki/Bossa_nova" title="Bossa nova">bossa nova</a> with <a href="/wiki/Electric_guitar" title="Electric guitar">electric guitar</a></code></figcaption></figure> Generative AI systems such as <a href="/wiki/MusicLM" class="mw-redirect" title="MusicLM">MusicLM</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> and MusicGen<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> can also be trained on the audio waveforms of recorded music along with text annotations, in order to generate new musical samples based on text descriptions such as a calming violin melody backed by a distorted guitar riff. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Music">Music</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Music_and_artificial_intelligence" title="Music and artificial intelligence">Music and artificial intelligence</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Audio_deepfake" title="Audio deepfake">Audio deepfakes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lyrics" title="Lyrics">lyrics</a> have been generated, like the song Savages, which used AI to mimic rapper <a href="/wiki/Jay-Z" title="Jay-Z">Jay-Z</a>'s vocals. Music artist's instrumentals and lyrics are copyrighted but their voices aren't protected from regenerative AI yet, raising a debate about whether artists should get royalties from audio deepfakes.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Many AI music generators have been created that can be generated using a text phrase, <a href="/wiki/Music_genre" title="Music genre">genre</a> options, and <a href="/wiki/Loop_(music)" title="Loop (music)">looped</a> <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">libraries</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bar_(music)" title="Bar (music)">bars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Riff" title="Riff">riffs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video">Video</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Video">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Text-to-video_model" title="Text-to-video model">Text-to-video model</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/220px--Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="125" data-durationhint="9" data-mwtitle="Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="848" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1270" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1906" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9"" data-width="1920" data-height="1088" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="254" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="424" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="636" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm/Borneo_wildlife_on_the_Kinabatangan_River.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="636" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>Video generated by <a href="/wiki/Sora_(text-to-video_model)" title="Sora (text-to-video model)">Sora</a> with prompt <code>Borneo wildlife on the Kinabatangan River</code></figcaption></figure> Generative AI trained on annotated video can <a href="/wiki/Text-to-video_model" title="Text-to-video model">generate</a> temporally-coherent, detailed and <a href="/wiki/Photorealism" title="Photorealism">photorealistic</a> video clips. Examples include <a href="/wiki/Sora_(text-to-video_model)" title="Sora (text-to-video model)">Sora</a> by <a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:4-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Runway_(company)" title="Runway (company)">Runway</a>,<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> and Make-A-Video by <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Actions">Actions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Actions">edit</a>]</div> Generative AI can also be trained on the motions of a <a href="/wiki/Robotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Robotic">robotic</a> system to generate new trajectories for <a href="/wiki/Motion_planning" title="Motion planning">motion planning</a> or <a href="/wiki/Robot_navigation" title="Robot navigation">navigation</a>. For example, UniPi from Google Research uses prompts like "pick up blue bowl" or "wipe plate with yellow sponge" to control movements of a robot arm.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Multimodal "vision-language-action" models such as Google's RT-2 can perform rudimentary reasoning in response to user prompts and visual input, such as picking up a toy <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">dinosaur</a> when given the prompt pick up the extinct animal at a table filled with toy animals and other objects.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3D_modeling">3D modeling</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 3D modeling">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Photogrammetry" title="Photogrammetry">Photogrammetry</a></div> Artificially intelligent <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">computer-aided design</a> (CAD) can use text-to-3D, image-to-3D, and video-to-3D to <a href="/wiki/Automation" title="Automation">automate</a> <a href="/wiki/3D_modeling" title="3D modeling">3D modeling</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> AI-based <a href="/wiki/Digital_library#CAD_library" title="Digital library">CAD libraries</a> could also be developed using <a href="/wiki/Linked_data" title="Linked data">linked</a> <a href="/wiki/Open_data" title="Open data">open data</a> of <a href="/wiki/Schematic" title="Schematic">schematics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diagram" title="Diagram">diagrams</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> AI CAD <a href="/wiki/Virtual_assistant" title="Virtual assistant">assistants</a> are used as tools to help streamline workflow.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Software_and_hardware">Software and hardware</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Software and hardware">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GenAI_Agent.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/GenAI_Agent.png/220px-GenAI_Agent.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/GenAI_Agent.png/330px-GenAI_Agent.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/GenAI_Agent.png/440px-GenAI_Agent.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Architecture of a generative AI agent</figcaption></figure> Generative AI models are used to power <a href="/wiki/Chatbot" title="Chatbot">chatbot</a> products such as <a href="/wiki/ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Programming_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Programming tools">programming tools</a> such as <a href="/wiki/GitHub_Copilot" title="GitHub Copilot">GitHub Copilot</a>,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <a href="/wiki/Text-to-image_model" title="Text-to-image model">text-to-image</a> products such as Midjourney, and text-to-video products such as <a href="/wiki/Runway_(company)" title="Runway (company)">Runway</a> Gen-2.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Generative AI features have been integrated into a variety of existing commercially available products such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Microsoft Office</a> (<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Copilot" title="Microsoft Copilot">Microsoft Copilot</a>),<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <a href="/wiki/Google_Photos" title="Google Photos">Google Photos</a>,<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe Suite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Adobe_Firefly" title="Adobe Firefly">Adobe Firefly</a>).<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Many generative AI models are also available as <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source software</a>, including Stable Diffusion and the LLaMA<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> language model. Smaller generative AI models with up to a few billion parameters can run on <a href="/wiki/Smartphones" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartphones">smartphones</a>, embedded devices, and <a href="/wiki/Personal_computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal computers">personal computers</a>. For example, LLaMA-7B (a version with 7 billion parameters) can run on a <a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_4" title="Raspberry Pi 4">Raspberry Pi 4</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> and one version of Stable Diffusion can run on an <a href="/wiki/IPhone_11" title="IPhone 11">iPhone 11</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Larger models with tens of billions of parameters can run on <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptop</a> or <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop computers">desktop computers</a>. To achieve an acceptable speed, models of this size may require <a href="/wiki/AI_accelerator" class="mw-redirect" title="AI accelerator">accelerators</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> chips produced by <a href="/wiki/NVIDIA" class="mw-redirect" title="NVIDIA">NVIDIA</a> and <a href="/wiki/AMD" title="AMD">AMD</a> or the Neural Engine included in <a href="/wiki/Apple_silicon" title="Apple silicon">Apple silicon</a> products. For example, the 65 billion parameter version of LLaMA can be configured to run on a desktop PC.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> The advantages of running generative AI locally include protection of <a href="/wiki/Information_privacy" title="Information privacy">privacy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, and avoidance of <a href="/wiki/Rate_limiting" title="Rate limiting">rate limiting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">censorship</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">subreddit</a> r/LocalLLaMA in particular focuses on using <a href="/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer</a>-grade gaming <a href="/wiki/Graphics_card" title="Graphics card">graphics cards</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> through such techniques as <a href="/wiki/Large_language_model#Compression" title="Large language model">compression</a>. That forum is one of only two sources <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Karpathy" title="Andrej Karpathy">Andrej Karpathy</a> trusts for <a href="/wiki/Language_model#Evaluation_and_benchmarks" title="Language model">language model benchmarks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yann_LeCun" title="Yann LeCun">Yann LeCun</a> has advocated open-source models for their value to <a href="/wiki/Vertical_market_software" title="Vertical market software">vertical applications</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> and for improving <a href="/wiki/AI_safety" title="AI safety">AI safety</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Language models with hundreds of billions of parameters, such as GPT-4 or <a href="/wiki/PaLM" title="PaLM">PaLM</a>, typically run on <a href="/wiki/Datacenter" class="mw-redirect" title="Datacenter">datacenter</a> computers equipped with arrays of <a href="/wiki/GPUs" class="mw-redirect" title="GPUs">GPUs</a> (such as NVIDIA's <a href="/wiki/Hopper_(microarchitecture)" title="Hopper (microarchitecture)">H100</a>) or <a href="/wiki/AI_accelerator" class="mw-redirect" title="AI accelerator">AI accelerator</a> chips (such as Google's <a href="/wiki/Tensor_Processing_Unit" title="Tensor Processing Unit">TPU</a>). These very large models are typically accessed as <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud</a> services over the Internet. In 2022, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_New_Export_Controls_on_Advanced_Computing_and_Semiconductors_to_China" title="United States New Export Controls on Advanced Computing and Semiconductors to China">United States New Export Controls on Advanced Computing and Semiconductors to China</a> imposed restrictions on exports to China of <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a> and AI accelerator chips used for generative AI.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Chips such as the NVIDIA A800<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Biren_Technology" title="Biren Technology">Biren Technology</a> BR104<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> were developed to meet the requirements of the sanctions. There is free software on the market capable of recognizing text generated by generative artificial intelligence (such as <a href="/wiki/GPTZero" title="GPTZero">GPTZero</a>), as well as images, audio or video coming from it.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Potential mitigation strategies for <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_content_detection" title="Artificial intelligence content detection">detecting generative AI content</a> include <a href="/wiki/Digital_watermarking" title="Digital watermarking">digital watermarking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Data_provenance" class="mw-redirect" title="Data provenance">content authentication</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_retrieval" title="Information retrieval">information retrieval</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Supervised_learning" title="Supervised learning">machine learning classifier models</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Despite claims of accuracy, both free and paid AI text detectors have frequently produced false positives, mistakenly accusing students of submitting AI-generated work.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_and_regulation">Law and regulation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Law and regulation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Regulation of artificial intelligence">Regulation of artificial intelligence</a></div> In the United States, a group of companies including OpenAI, Alphabet, and Meta signed a voluntary agreement with the <a href="/wiki/Biden_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Biden administration">Biden administration</a> in July 2023 to watermark AI-generated content.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> In October 2023, <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_14110" title="Executive Order 14110">Executive Order 14110</a> applied the <a href="/wiki/Defense_Production_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Production Act">Defense Production Act</a> to require all US companies to report information to the federal government when training certain high-impact AI models.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In the European Union, the proposed <a href="/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_Act" title="Artificial Intelligence Act">Artificial Intelligence Act</a> includes requirements to disclose copyrighted material used to train generative AI systems, and to label any AI-generated output as such.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> In China, the <a href="/wiki/Interim_Measures_for_the_Management_of_Generative_AI_Services" title="Interim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services">Interim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services</a> introduced by the <a href="/wiki/Cyberspace_Administration_of_China" title="Cyberspace Administration of China">Cyberspace Administration of China</a> regulates any public-facing generative AI. It includes requirements to watermark generated images or videos, regulations on training data and label quality, restrictions on personal data collection, and a guideline that generative AI must "adhere to socialist core values".<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copyright">Copyright</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Copyright">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_and_copyright" title="Artificial intelligence and copyright">Artificial intelligence and copyright</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Training_with_copyrighted_content">Training with copyrighted content</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Training with copyrighted content">edit</a>]</div> Generative AI systems such as <a href="/wiki/ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a> are trained on large, publicly available datasets that include copyrighted works. AI developers have argued that such training is protected under <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" title="Fair use">fair use</a>, while copyright holders have argued that it infringes their rights.<a href="#cite_note-crscopyright-110">[110]</a> Proponents of fair use training have argued that it is a <a href="/wiki/Transformative_use" title="Transformative use">transformative use</a> and does not involve making copies of copyrighted works available to the public.<a href="#cite_note-crscopyright-110">[110]</a> Critics have argued that image generators such as <a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a> can create nearly-identical copies of some copyrighted images,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> and that generative AI programs compete with the content they are trained on.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> As of 2024, several lawsuits related to the use of copyrighted material in training are ongoing. <a href="/wiki/Getty_Images" title="Getty Images">Getty Images</a> has sued <a href="/wiki/Stability_AI" title="Stability AI">Stability AI</a> over the use of its images to train <a href="/wiki/Stable_Diffusion" title="Stable Diffusion">Stable Diffusion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Both the <a href="/wiki/Authors_Guild" title="Authors Guild">Authors Guild</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> have sued <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> and <a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a> over the use of their works to train <a href="/wiki/ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Copyright_of_AI-generated_content">Copyright of AI-generated content</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Copyright of AI-generated content">edit</a>]</div> A separate question is whether AI-generated works can qualify for copyright protection. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">United States Copyright Office</a> has ruled that works created by artificial intelligence without any human input cannot be copyrighted, because they lack human authorship.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Some legal professionals have suggested that <a href="/wiki/Monkey_selfie_copyright_dispute" title="Monkey selfie copyright dispute">Naruto v. Slater</a> (2018), in which the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals</a> held that <a href="/wiki/Non-human" title="Non-human">non-humans</a> cannot be copyright holders of <a href="/wiki/Animal-made_art" title="Animal-made art">artistic works</a>, could be a potential precedent in copyright litigation over works created by generative AI.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> However, the office has also begun taking public input to determine if these rules need to be refined for generative AI.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concerns">Concerns</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Concerns">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Ethics of artificial intelligence">Ethics of artificial intelligence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Existential_risk_from_artificial_general_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Existential risk from artificial general intelligence">Existential risk from artificial general intelligence</a></div> The development of generative AI has raised concerns from governments, businesses, and individuals, resulting in protests, legal actions, calls to <a href="/wiki/Pause_Giant_AI_Experiments:_An_Open_Letter" title="Pause Giant AI Experiments: An Open Letter">pause AI experiments</a>, and actions by multiple governments. In a July 2023 briefing of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a> stated "Generative AI has enormous potential for good and evil at scale", that AI may "turbocharge global development" and contribute between $10 and $15 trillion to the global economy by 2030, but that its malicious use "could cause horrific levels of death and destruction, widespread trauma, and deep psychological damage on an unimaginable scale".<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> In addition, generative AI has a significant <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:82-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Job_losses">Job losses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Job losses">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg/220px-AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg/330px-AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg/440px-AI_Protest_Sign_2023_WGA_Strike.jpg 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="607" /></a><figcaption>A picketer at the <a href="/wiki/2023_Writers_Guild_of_America_strike" title="2023 Writers Guild of America strike">2023 Writers Guild of America strike</a>. While not a top priority, one of the WGA's 2023 requests was "regulations around the use of (generative) AI".<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Workplace_impact_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Workplace impact of artificial intelligence">Workplace impact of artificial intelligence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Technological_unemployment" title="Technological unemployment">Technological unemployment</a></div> From the early days of the development of AI, there have been arguments put forward by <a href="/wiki/ELIZA" title="ELIZA">ELIZA</a> creator <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Weizenbaum" title="Joseph Weizenbaum">Joseph Weizenbaum</a> and others about whether tasks that can be done by computers actually should be done by them, given the difference between computers and humans, and between quantitative calculations and qualitative, value-based judgements.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In April 2023, it was reported that image generation AI has resulted in 70% of the jobs for video game illustrators in China being lost.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> In July 2023, developments in generative AI contributed to the <a href="/wiki/2023_Hollywood_labor_disputes" title="2023 Hollywood labor disputes">2023 Hollywood labor disputes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fran_Drescher" title="Fran Drescher">Fran Drescher</a>, president of the <a href="/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild" title="Screen Actors Guild">Screen Actors Guild</a>, declared that "artificial intelligence poses an existential threat to creative professions" during the <a href="/wiki/2023_SAG-AFTRA_strike" title="2023 SAG-AFTRA strike">2023 SAG-AFTRA strike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Voice generation AI has been seen as a potential challenge to the <a href="/wiki/Voice_acting" title="Voice acting">voice acting</a> sector.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The intersection of AI and employment concerns among underrepresented groups globally remains a critical facet. While AI promises efficiency enhancements and skill acquisition, concerns about job displacement and biased recruiting processes persist among these groups, as outlined in surveys by <a href="/wiki/Fast_Company" title="Fast Company">Fast Company</a>. To leverage AI for a more equitable society, proactive steps encompass mitigating biases, advocating transparency, respecting privacy and consent, and embracing diverse teams and ethical considerations. Strategies involve redirecting policy emphasis on regulation, inclusive design, and education's potential for personalized teaching to maximize benefits while minimizing harms.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Racial_and_gender_bias">Racial and gender bias</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Racial and gender bias">edit</a>]</div> Generative AI models can reflect and amplify any <a href="/wiki/Cultural_bias" title="Cultural bias">cultural bias</a> present in the underlying data. For example, a language model might assume that doctors and judges are male, and that secretaries or nurses are female, if those biases are common in the training data.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Similarly, an image model prompted with the text "a photo of a CEO" might disproportionately generate images of white male CEOs,<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> if trained on a racially biased data set. A number of methods for mitigating bias have been attempted, such as altering input prompts<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> and reweighting training data.<a href="#cite_note-DALL-E2-mitigations-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deepfakes">Deepfakes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Deepfakes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Deepfake" title="Deepfake">Deepfake</a></div> Deepfakes (a <a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> of "deep learning" and "fake"<a href="#cite_note-FoxNews2018-134">[134]</a>) are AI-generated media that take a person in an existing image or video and replace them with someone else's likeness using <a href="/wiki/Artificial_neural_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial neural network">artificial neural networks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-135">[135]</a> Deepfakes have garnered widespread attention and concerns for their uses in <a href="/wiki/Deepfake_pornography" title="Deepfake pornography">deepfake celebrity pornographic videos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Revenge_porn" title="Revenge porn">revenge porn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">fake news</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoax" title="Hoax">hoaxes</a>, health <a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">disinformation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Accounting_scandals" title="Accounting scandals">financial fraud</a>, and covert <a href="/wiki/Foreign_electoral_intervention" title="Foreign electoral intervention">foreign election interference</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HighSnobiety2018-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> This has elicited responses from both industry and government to detect and limit their use.<a href="#cite_note-:21-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-144">[144]</a> In July 2023, the fact-checking company <a href="/wiki/Logically_(company)" title="Logically (company)">Logically</a> found that the popular generative AI models <a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a>, <a href="/wiki/DALL-E" title="DALL-E">DALL-E 2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stable_Diffusion" title="Stable Diffusion">Stable Diffusion</a> would produce plausible disinformation images when prompted to do so, such as images of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_fraud" title="Electoral fraud">electoral fraud</a> in the United States and Muslim women supporting India's <a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu nationalist">Hindu nationalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> In April 2024, a paper proposed to use <a href="/wiki/Blockchain" title="Blockchain">blockchain</a> (<a href="/wiki/Distributed_ledger" title="Distributed ledger">distributed ledger</a> technology) to promote "transparency, verifiability, and decentralization in AI development and usage".<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Audio_deepfakes">Audio deepfakes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Audio deepfakes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Audio_deepfake" title="Audio deepfake">Audio deepfake</a></div> Instances of users abusing software to generate controversial statements in the vocal style of celebrities, public officials, and other famous individuals have raised ethical concerns over voice generation AI.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-:52-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-:62-153">[153]</a> In response, companies such as ElevenLabs have stated that they would work on mitigating potential abuse through safeguards and <a href="/wiki/Identity_document" title="Identity document">identity verification</a>.<a href="#cite_note-engadget.com-154">[154]</a> Concerns and fandoms have spawned from <a href="/wiki/AI-generated_music" class="mw-redirect" title="AI-generated music">AI-generated music</a>. The same software used to clone voices has been used on famous musicians' voices to create songs that mimic their voices, gaining both tremendous popularity and criticism.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Similar techniques have also been used to create improved quality or full-length versions of songs that have been leaked or have yet to be released.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> Generative AI has also been used to create new digital artist personalities, with some of these receiving enough attention to receive record deals at major labels.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> The developers of these virtual artists have also faced their fair share of criticism for their personified programs, including backlash for "dehumanizing" an artform, and also creating artists which create unrealistic or immoral appeals to their audiences.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cybercrime">Cybercrime</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Cybercrime">edit</a>]</div> Generative AI's ability to create realistic fake content has been exploited in numerous types of cybercrime, including <a href="/wiki/Phishing" title="Phishing">phishing</a> scams.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> <a href="/wiki/Deepfake" title="Deepfake">Deepfake</a> video and audio have been used to create disinformation and fraud. In 2020, former Google <a href="/wiki/Click_fraud" title="Click fraud">click fraud</a> czar <a href="/wiki/Shuman_Ghosemajumder" title="Shuman Ghosemajumder">Shuman Ghosemajumder</a> argued that once deepfake videos become perfectly realistic, they would stop appearing remarkable to viewers, potentially leading to uncritical acceptance of false information.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Large_language_model" title="Large language model">large language models</a> and other forms of text-generation AI have been used to create fake reviews of <a href="/wiki/E-commerce" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a> websites to boost ratings.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Cybercriminals have created large language models focused on fraud, including WormGPT and FraudGPT.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> A 2023 study showed that generative AI can be vulnerable to jailbreaks, <a href="/wiki/Reverse_psychology" title="Reverse psychology">reverse psychology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prompt_injection" title="Prompt injection">prompt injection</a> attacks, enabling attackers to obtain help with harmful requests, such as for crafting <a href="/wiki/Social_engineering_(security)" title="Social engineering (security)">social engineering</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phishing" title="Phishing">phishing attacks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Additionally, other researchers have demonstrated that open-source models can be <a href="/wiki/Fine-tuning_(deep_learning)" title="Fine-tuning (deep learning)">fine-tuned</a> to remove their safety restrictions at low cost.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reliance_on_industry_giants">Reliance on industry giants</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Reliance on industry giants">edit</a>]</div> Training <a href="/wiki/Frontier_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Frontier model">frontier AI models</a> requires an enormous amount of computing power. Usually only <a href="/wiki/Big_Tech" title="Big Tech">Big Tech</a> companies have the financial resources to make such investments. Smaller start-ups such as <a href="/wiki/Cohere" title="Cohere">Cohere</a> and <a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a> end up buying access to <a href="/wiki/Data_centers" class="mw-redirect" title="Data centers">data centers</a> from <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> respectively.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy_and_environment">Energy and environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Energy and environment">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impacts_of_artificial_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental impacts of artificial intelligence">Environmental impacts of artificial intelligence</a></div> AI has a significant carbon footprint due to growing energy consumption from both training and usage.<a href="#cite_note-:82-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-121">[121]</a> Scientists and journalists have expressed concerns about the environmental impact that the development and deployment of generative models are having: high CO2 emissions,<a href="#cite_note-:1-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> large amounts of freshwater used for data centers,<a href="#cite_note-:8-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-172">[172]</a> and high amounts of electricity usage.<a href="#cite_note-:10-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-174">[174]</a> There is also concern that these impacts may increase as these models are incorporated into widely used search engines such as Google Search and Bing;<a href="#cite_note-:10-173">[173]</a> as <a href="/wiki/Chatbot" title="Chatbot">chatbots</a> and other applications become more popular;<a href="#cite_note-:10-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-172">[172]</a> and as models need to be retrained.<a href="#cite_note-:10-173">[173]</a> Proposed mitigation strategies include factoring potential environmental costs prior to model development or data collection,<a href="#cite_note-:1-168">[168]</a> increasing efficiency of data centers to reduce electricity/energy usage,<a href="#cite_note-:10-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> building more efficient <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning models</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:8-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-172">[172]</a> minimizing the number of times that models need to be retrained,<a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> developing a government-directed framework for auditing the environmental impact of these models,<a href="#cite_note-:8-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> regulating for transparency of these models,<a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> regulating their energy and water usage,<a href="#cite_note-:8-171">[171]</a> encouraging researchers to publish data on their models' carbon footprint,<a href="#cite_note-:10-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> and increasing the number of subject matter experts who understand both machine learning and climate science.<a href="#cite_note-:7-170">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Content_quality">Content quality</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Content quality">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Slop_(artificial_intelligence)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slop (artificial intelligence)">Slop (artificial intelligence)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dead_Internet_theory" title="Dead Internet theory">Dead Internet theory</a></div> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> defines <a href="/wiki/Slop_(artificial_intelligence)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slop (artificial intelligence)">slop</a> as analogous to <a href="/wiki/Spamming" title="Spamming">spam</a>: "shoddy or unwanted A.I. content in social media, art, books and ... in search results."<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> Journalists have expressed concerns about the scale of low-quality generated content with respect to social media content moderation,<a href="#cite_note-:12-176">[176]</a> the monetary incentives from social media companies to spread such content,<a href="#cite_note-:12-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-:13-177">[177]</a> false political messaging,<a href="#cite_note-:13-177">[177]</a> spamming of scientific research paper submissions,<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> increased time and effort to find higher quality or desired content on the Internet,<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> the indexing of generated content by search engines,<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> and on journalism itself.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> A paper published by researchers at Amazon Web Services AI Labs found that over 57% of sentences from a sample of over 6 billion sentences from <a href="/wiki/Common_Crawl" title="Common Crawl">Common Crawl</a>, a snapshot of web pages, were <a href="/wiki/Machine_translation" title="Machine translation">machine translated</a>. Many of these automated translations were seen as lower quality, especially for sentences that were translated across at least three languages. Many lower-resource languages (ex. <a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xhosa_language" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa</a>) were translated across more languages than higher-resource languages (ex. English, French).<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> In September 2024, <a href="/wiki/Open_Mind_Common_Sense" title="Open Mind Common Sense">Robyn Speer</a>, the author of wordfreq, an open source database that calculated word frequencies based on text from the Internet, announced that she had stopped updating the data for several reasons: high costs for obtaining data from <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>, excessive focus on generative AI compared to other methods in the <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a> community, and that "generative AI has polluted the data".<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> The adoption of generative AI tools led to an explosion of AI-generated content across multiple domains. A study from <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a> estimated that in 2023, more than 60,000 scholarly articles—over 1% of all publications—were likely written with LLM assistance.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>'s Institute for Human-Centered AI, approximately 17.5% of newly published computer science papers and 16.9% of peer review text now incorporate content generated by LLMs.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Visual content follows a similar trend. Since the launch of <a href="/wiki/DALL-E" title="DALL-E">DALL-E</a> 2 in 2022, it is estimated that an average of 34 million images have been created daily. As of August 2023, more than 15 billion images had been generated using text-to-image algorithms, with 80% of these created by models based on <a href="/wiki/Stable_Diffusion" title="Stable Diffusion">Stable Diffusion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> If AI-generated content is included in new data crawls from the Internet for additional training of AI models, defects in the resulting models may occur.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> Training an AI model exclusively on the output of another AI model produces a lower-quality model. Repeating this process, where each new model is trained on the previous model's output, leads to progressive degradation and eventually results in a "<a href="/wiki/Model_collapse" title="Model collapse">model collapse</a>" after multiple iterations.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> Tests have been conducted with pattern recognition of handwritten letters and with pictures of human faces.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> As a consequence, the value of data collected from genuine human interactions with systems may become increasingly valuable in the presence of LLM-generated content in data crawled from the Internet. On the other side, <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_data" title="Synthetic data">synthetic data</a> is often used as an alternative to data produced by real-world events. Such data can be deployed to validate mathematical models and to train machine learning models while preserving user privacy,<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> including for structured data.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> The approach is not limited to text generation; image generation has been employed to train computer vision models.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Misuse_in_journalism">Misuse in journalism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Misuse in journalism">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Cleanup-list plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverified</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">indiscriminate</a> information in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Embedded_lists" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists">embedded lists</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit">clean up the lists</a> by removing items or incorporating them into the text of the article. (July 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_fake_news_websites#Generative_AI" title="List of fake news websites">List of fake news websites § Generative AI</a></div> In January 2023, Futurism.com broke the story that <a href="/wiki/CNET" title="CNET">CNET</a> had been using an undisclosed internal AI tool to write at least 77 of its stories; after the news broke, CNET posted corrections to 41 of the stories.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> In April 2023, the German tabloid <a href="/wiki/Die_Aktuelle" title="Die Aktuelle">Die Aktuelle</a> published a fake AI-generated interview with former racing driver <a href="/wiki/Michael_Schumacher" title="Michael Schumacher">Michael Schumacher</a>, who had not made any public appearances since 2013 after sustaining a brain injury in a skiing accident. The story included two possible disclosures: the cover included the line "deceptively real", and the interview included an acknowledgment at the end that it was AI-generated. The editor-in-chief was fired shortly thereafter amid the controversy.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> Other outlets that have published articles whose content and/or byline have been confirmed or suspected to be created by generative AI models – often with false content, errors, and/or non-disclosure of generative AI use - include: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>NewsBreak<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a></li> <li>outlets owned by Arena Group <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a><a href="#cite_note-:1_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-198">[198]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TheStreet" title="TheStreet">TheStreet</a><a href="#cite_note-:1_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-198">[198]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_Journal" title="Men's Journal">Men's Journal</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%26H_Photo" title="B&H Photo">B&H Photo</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/Gannett" title="Gannett">Gannett</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Columbus_Dispatch" title="The Columbus Dispatch">The Columbus Dispatch</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reviewed_(website)" title="Reviewed (website)">Reviewed</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN" title="MSN">MSN</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_Corp" title="News Corp">News Corp</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/G/O_Media" title="G/O Media">G/O Media</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gizmodo" title="Gizmodo">Gizmodo</a><a href="#cite_note-:2_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-208">[208]</a></li> <li>Jalopnik<a href="#cite_note-:2_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-208">[208]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">A.V. Club</a><a href="#cite_note-:2_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-208">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_(publication)" title="Quartz (publication)">Quartz</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/Red_Ventures" title="Red Ventures">Red Ventures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bankrate" title="Bankrate">Bankrate</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed" title="BuzzFeed">BuzzFeed</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a></li> <li>Hoodline<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/Outside_(company)" title="Outside (company)">Outside Inc.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Journal" title="Yoga Journal">Yoga Journal</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backpacker_(magazine)" title="Backpacker (magazine)">Backpacker</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outside_(company)" title="Outside (company)">Clean Eating</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Life" title="Hollywood Life">Hollywood Life</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Us_Weekly" title="Us Weekly">Us Weekly</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">The Los Angeles Times</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cody_Enterprise" title="Cody Enterprise">Cody Enterprise</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmos_(Australian_magazine)" title="Cosmos (Australian magazine)">Cosmos</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/McClatchy" title="McClatchy">McClatchy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Herald" title="Miami Herald">Miami Herald</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sacramento_Bee" title="The Sacramento Bee">Sacramento Bee</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacoma_News_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Tacoma News Tribune">Tacoma News Tribune</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rock_Hill_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rock Hill Herald">The Rock Hill Herald</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Modesto_Bee" title="The Modesto Bee">The Modesto Bee</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth_Star-Telegram" title="Fort Worth Star-Telegram">Fort Worth Star-Telegram</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced_Sun-Star" title="Merced Sun-Star">Merced Sun-Star</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledger-Enquirer" title="Ledger-Enquirer">Ledger-Enquirer</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kansas_City_Star" title="The Kansas City Star">The Kansas City Star</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_News_%26_Observer" title="The News & Observer">Raleigh News & Observer</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a></li></ul></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/Ziff_Davis" title="Ziff Davis">Ziff Davis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashable" title="Mashable">Mashable</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AskMen" title="AskMen">AskMen</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li></ul></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/Hearst_Communications" title="Hearst Communications">Hearst</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Good_Housekeeping" title="Good Housekeeping">Good Housekeeping</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li></ul></li> <li>outlets owned by <a href="/wiki/IAC_Inc." title="IAC Inc.">IAC Inc.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People_(magazine)" title="People (magazine)">People</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents_(magazine)" title="Parents (magazine)">Parents</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_%26_Wine" title="Food & Wine">Food & Wine</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InStyle" title="InStyle">InStyle</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Simple" title="Real Simple">Real Simple</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_%2B_Leisure" title="Travel + Leisure">Travel + Leisure</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Homes_and_Gardens_(magazine)" title="Better Homes and Gardens (magazine)">Better Homes & Gardens</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Living" title="Southern Living">Southern Living</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a></li></ul></li> <li>outlets owned by Street Media <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LA_Weekly" title="LA Weekly">LA Weekly</a><a href="#cite_note-:7_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-221">[221]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Village_Voice" title="The Village Voice">The Village Voice</a><a href="#cite_note-:7_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-221">[221]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverfront_Times" title="Riverfront Times">Riverfront Times</a><a href="#cite_note-:7_duplicate_VE_copypaste_error-221">[221]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Intelligence" title="Apple Intelligence">Apple Intelligence</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a></li></ul></div> In May 2024, Futurism noted that a content management system video by AdVon Commerce, who had used generative AI to produce articles for many of the aforementioned outlets, appeared to show that they "had produced tens of thousands of articles for more than 150 publishers."<a href="#cite_note-:6-204">[204]</a> News broadcasters in Kuwait, Greece, South Korea, India, China and Taiwan have presented news with anchors based on Generative AI models, prompting concerns about job losses for human anchors and audience trust in news that has historically been influenced by <a href="/wiki/Parasocial_interaction" title="Parasocial interaction">parasocial relationships</a> with broadcasters, content creators or social media influencers.<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> Algorithmically generated anchors have also been used by allies of <a href="/wiki/ISIS" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIS">ISIS</a> for their broadcasts.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> In 2023, Google reportedly pitched a tool to news outlets that claimed to "produce news stories" based on input data provided, such as "details of current events". Some news company executives who viewed the pitch described it as "[taking] for granted the effort that went into producing accurate and artful news stories."<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> In February 2024, Google launched a program to pay small publishers to write three articles per day using a beta generative AI model. The program does not require the knowledge or consent of the websites that the publishers are using as sources, nor does it require the published articles to be labeled as being created or assisted by these models.<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> Many defunct news sites (<a href="/wiki/The_Hairpin" title="The Hairpin">The Hairpin</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Frisky" title="The Frisky">The Frisky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Daily" title="Apple Daily">Apple Daily</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashland_Daily_Tidings" title="Ashland Daily Tidings">Ashland Daily Tidings</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Iowa" title="List of newspapers in Iowa">Clayton County Register</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Journal" title="Southwest Journal">Southwest Journal</a>) and blogs (<a href="/wiki/The_Unofficial_Apple_Weblog" class="mw-redirect" title="The Unofficial Apple Weblog">The Unofficial Apple Weblog</a>, iLounge) have undergone <a href="/wiki/Cybersquatting" title="Cybersquatting">cybersquatting</a>, with articles created by generative AI.<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> United States Senators <a href="/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal" title="Richard Blumenthal">Richard Blumenthal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Amy Klobuchar</a> have expressed concern that generative AI could have a harmful impact on local news.<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> In July 2023, OpenAI partnered with the American Journalism Project to fund local news outlets for experimenting with generative AI, with Axios noting the possibility of generative AI companies creating a dependency for these news outlets.<a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> Meta AI, a chatbot based on <a href="/wiki/Llama_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Llama 3">Llama 3</a> which summarizes news stories, was noted by <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> to copy sentences from those stories without direct attribution and to potentially further decrease the traffic of online news outlets.<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> In response to potential pitfalls around the use and misuse of generative AI in journalism and worries about declining audience trust, outlets around the world, including publications such as <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a>, <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Quint" title="The Quint">The Quint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a> or <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> have published guidelines around how they plan to use and not use AI and generative AI in their work.<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> In June 2024, <a href="/wiki/Reuters_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Journalism" title="Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism">Reuters Institute</a> published their Digital New Report for 2024. In a survey of people in America and Europe, Reuters Institute reports that 52% and 47% respectively are uncomfortable with news produced by "mostly AI with some human oversight", and 23% and 15% respectively report being comfortable. 42% of Americans and 33% of Europeans reported that they were comfortable with news produced by "mainly human with some help from AI". The results of global surveys reported that people were more uncomfortable with news topics including politics (46%), crime (43%), and local news (37%) produced by AI than other news topics.<a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Octicons-terminal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/24px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/37px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/49px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Computer_programming" title="Portal:Computer programming">Computer programming portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Noun-technology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/29px-Noun-technology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/43px-Noun-technology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/57px-Noun-technology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="88" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">Artificial general intelligence</a> – Type of AI with wide-ranging abilities</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_imagination" title="Artificial imagination">Artificial imagination</a> – Artificial simulation of human imagination</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">Artificial intelligence art</a> – Visual media created with AI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_life" title="Artificial life">Artificial life</a> – Field of study</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatbot" title="Chatbot">Chatbot</a> – Program that simulates conversation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computational_creativity" title="Computational creativity">Computational creativity</a> – Multidisciplinary endeavour</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_adversarial_network" title="Generative adversarial network">Generative adversarial network</a> – Deep learning method</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_pre-trained_transformer" title="Generative pre-trained transformer">Generative pre-trained transformer</a> – Type of large language model</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_language_model" title="Large language model">Large language model</a> – Type of machine learning model</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_artificial_intelligence" title="Music and artificial intelligence">Music and artificial intelligence</a> – Usage of artificial intelligence to generate music</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_AI_pornography" title="Generative AI pornography">Generative AI pornography</a> – Explicit material produced by generative AI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedural_generation" title="Procedural generation">Procedural generation</a> – Method in which data is created algorithmically as opposed to manually</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrieval-augmented_generation" title="Retrieval-augmented generation">Retrieval-augmented generation</a> – Type of information retrieval using LLMs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stochastic_parrot" title="Stochastic parrot">Stochastic parrot</a> – Term used in machine learning</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_artificial_intelligence&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved February 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Slash+CAD+model+build+times+with+new+AI-driven+part+creation+methodology+%26%23124%3B+GlobalSpec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finsights.globalspec.com%2Farticle%2F21167%2Fslash-cad-model-build-times-with-new-ai-driven-part-creation-methodology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/cad/ai-cad/">"The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the CAD Industry"</a>. March 22, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240209122639/https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/cad/ai-cad/">Archived</a> from the original on February 9, 2024. Retrieved February 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Role+of+Artificial+Intelligence+%28AI%29+in+the+CAD+Industry&rft.date=2023-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scan2cad.com%2Fblog%2Fcad%2Fai-cad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabin2023" class="citation web cs1">Sabin, Sam (June 30, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/2023/06/30/githubs-vision-to-make-code-more-secure-by-design">"GitHub has a vision to make code more secure by design"</a>. Axios Codebook. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225809/https://www.axios.com/2023/06/30/githubs-vision-to-make-code-more-secure-by-design">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Axios+Codebook&rft.atitle=GitHub+has+a+vision+to+make+code+more+secure+by+design&rft.date=2023-06-30&rft.aulast=Sabin&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2F2023%2F06%2F30%2Fgithubs-vision-to-make-code-more-secure-by-design&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincent2023" class="citation web cs1">Vincent, James (March 20, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/20/23648113/text-to-video-generative-ai-runway-ml-gen-2-model-access">"Text-to-video AI inches closer as startup Runway announces new model"</a>. The Verge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230927003647/https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/20/23648113/text-to-video-generative-ai-runway-ml-gen-2-model-access">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>Text-to-video is the next frontier for generative AI, though current output is rudimentary. Runway says it'll be making its new generative video model, Gen-2, available to users in 'the coming weeks.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Text-to-video+AI+inches+closer+as+startup+Runway+announces+new+model&rft.date=2023-03-20&rft.aulast=Vincent&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2023%2F3%2F20%2F23648113%2Ftext-to-video-generative-ai-runway-ml-gen-2-model-access&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanian2023" class="citation web cs1">Vanian, Jonathan (March 16, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/16/microsoft-to-improve-office-365-with-chatgpt-like-generative-ai-tech-.html">"Microsoft adds OpenAI technology to Word and Excel"</a>. CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225809/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/16/microsoft-to-improve-office-365-with-chatgpt-like-generative-ai-tech-.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>Microsoft is bringing generative artificial intelligence technologies such as the popular ChatGPT chatting app to its Microsoft 365 suite of business software....the new A.I. features, dubbed Copilot, will be available in some of the company's most popular business apps, including Word, PowerPoint and Excel.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+adds+OpenAI+technology+to+Word+and+Excel&rft.pub=CNBC&rft.date=2023-03-16&rft.aulast=Vanian&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2023%2F03%2F16%2Fmicrosoft-to-improve-office-365-with-chatgpt-like-generative-ai-tech-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2023" class="citation web cs1">Wilson, Mark (August 15, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techradar.com/computing/software/google-photos-now-shows-you-an-ai-powered-highlights-reel-of-your-life">"The app's Memories feature just got a big upgrade"</a>. TechRadar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225809/https://www.techradar.com/computing/software/google-photos-now-shows-you-an-ai-powered-highlights-reel-of-your-life">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. <q>The Google Photos app is getting a redesigned, AI-powered Memories feature...you'll be able to use generative AI to come up with some suggested names like "a desert adventure".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechRadar&rft.atitle=The+app%27s+Memories+feature+just+got+a+big+upgrade&rft.date=2023-08-15&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techradar.com%2Fcomputing%2Fsoftware%2Fgoogle-photos-now-shows-you-an-ai-powered-highlights-reel-of-your-life&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2023" class="citation web cs1">Sullivan, Laurie (May 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/385660/adobe-adds-generative-ai-to-photoshop.html">"Adobe Adds Generative AI To Photoshop"</a>. MediaPost. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225809/https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/385660/adobe-adds-generative-ai-to-photoshop.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>Generative artificial intelligence (AI) will become one of the most important features for creative designers and marketers. Adobe on Tuesday unveiled a Generative Fill feature in Photoshop to bring Firefly's AI capabilities into design.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MediaPost&rft.atitle=Adobe+Adds+Generative+AI+To+Photoshop&rft.date=2023-05-23&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Laurie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediapost.com%2Fpublications%2Farticle%2F385660%2Fadobe-adds-generative-ai-to-photoshop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Nuñez2023" class="citation web cs1">Michael Nuñez (July 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://venturebeat.com/ai/llama-2-how-to-access-and-use-metas-versatile-open-source-chatbot-right-now/">"LLaMA 2: How to access and use Meta's versatile open-source chatbot right now"</a>. VentureBeat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103020505/https://venturebeat.com/ai/llama-2-how-to-access-and-use-metas-versatile-open-source-chatbot-right-now/">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>If you want to run LLaMA 2 on your own machine or modify the code, you can download it directly from Hugging Face, a leading platform for sharing AI models.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VentureBeat&rft.atitle=LLaMA+2%3A+How+to+access+and+use+Meta%27s+versatile+open-source+chatbot+right+now&rft.date=2023-07-19&rft.au=Michael+Nu%C3%B1ez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fventurebeat.com%2Fai%2Fllama-2-how-to-access-and-use-metas-versatile-open-source-chatbot-right-now%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPounder2023" class="citation web cs1">Pounder, Les (March 25, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/create-ai-chatbot-server-on-raspberry-pi">"How To Create Your Own AI Chatbot Server With Raspberry Pi 4"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225810/https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/create-ai-chatbot-server-on-raspberry-pi">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>Using a Pi 4 with 8GB of RAM, you can create a ChatGPT-like server based on LLaMA.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+To+Create+Your+Own+AI+Chatbot+Server+With+Raspberry+Pi+4&rft.date=2023-03-25&rft.aulast=Pounder&rft.aufirst=Les&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tomshardware.com%2Fhow-to%2Fcreate-ai-chatbot-server-on-raspberry-pi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKemper2022" class="citation web cs1">Kemper, Jonathan (November 10, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://the-decoder.com/draw-things-app-brings-stable-diffusion-to-the-iphone/">""Draw Things" App brings Stable Diffusion to the iPhone"</a>. The Decoder. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225811/https://the-decoder.com/draw-things-app-brings-stable-diffusion-to-the-iphone/">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>Draw Things is an app that brings Stable Diffusion to the iPhone. The AI images are generated locally, so you don't need an Internet connection.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Decoder&rft.atitle=%22Draw+Things%22+App+brings+Stable+Diffusion+to+the+iPhone&rft.date=2022-11-10&rft.aulast=Kemper&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthe-decoder.com%2Fdraw-things-app-brings-stable-diffusion-to-the-iphone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitt2023" class="citation web cs1">Witt, Allan (July 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hardware-corner.net/guides/computer-to-run-llama-ai-model/">"Best Computer to Run LLaMA AI Model at Home (GPU, CPU, RAM, SSD)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225811/https://www.hardware-corner.net/guides/computer-to-run-llama-ai-model/">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>To run LLaMA model at home, you will need a computer build with a powerful GPU that can handle the large amount of data and computation required for inferencing.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Best+Computer+to+Run+LLaMA+AI+Model+at+Home+%28GPU%2C+CPU%2C+RAM%2C+SSD%29&rft.date=2023-07-07&rft.aulast=Witt&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hardware-corner.net%2Fguides%2Fcomputer-to-run-llama-ai-model%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestover2023" class="citation web cs1">Westover, Brian (September 28, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-run-your-own-chatgpt-like-llm-for-free-and-in-private">"Who Needs ChatGPT? How to Run Your Own Free and Private AI Chatbot"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ziff_Davis" title="Ziff Davis">Ziff Davis</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107171858/https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-run-your-own-chatgpt-like-llm-for-free-and-in-private">Archived</a> from the original on January 7, 2024. Retrieved January 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+Needs+ChatGPT%3F+How+to+Run+Your+Own+Free+and+Private+AI+Chatbot&rft.pub=Ziff+Davis&rft.date=2023-09-28&rft.aulast=Westover&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Fhow-to%2Fhow-to-run-your-own-chatgpt-like-llm-for-free-and-in-private&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFkarpathy2023" class="citation web cs1">@karpathy (December 20, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/karpathy/status/1737544497016578453">"I pretty much only trust two LLM evals right now"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+pretty+much+only+trust+two+LLM+evals+right+now&rft.date=2023-12-20&rft.au=karpathy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fkarpathy%2Fstatus%2F1737544497016578453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFylecun2024" class="citation web cs1">@ylecun (January 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/ylecun/status/1743314259285581951">"Nabla's shift from ChatGPT to open source LLMs..."</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nabla%27s+shift+from+ChatGPT+to+open+source+LLMs...&rft.date=2024-01-05&rft.au=ylecun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fylecun%2Fstatus%2F1743314259285581951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFylecun2023" class="citation web cs1">@ylecun (November 1, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/ylecun/status/1719692258591506483">"Open source platforms *increase* safety and security"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Open+source+platforms+%2Aincrease%2A+safety+and+security&rft.date=2023-11-01&rft.au=ylecun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fylecun%2Fstatus%2F1719692258591506483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNellisLee2022" class="citation web cs1">Nellis, Stephen; Lee, Jane (September 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/nvidia-says-us-has-imposed-new-license-requirement-future-exports-china-2022-08-31/">"U.S. officials order Nvidia to halt sales of top AI chips to China"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225809/https://www.reuters.com/technology/nvidia-says-us-has-imposed-new-license-requirement-future-exports-china-2022-08-31/">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. 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Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>the A800 operates at 70% of the speed of A100 GPUs while complying with strict U.S. export standards that limit how much processing power Nvidia can sell.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nvidia%27s+Chinese+A800+GPU%27s+Performance+Revealed&rft.pub=Tom%27s+Hardware&rft.date=2023-05-07&rft.aulast=Shilov&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tomshardware.com%2Fnews%2Fnvidia-a800-performance-revealed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatel2022" class="citation web cs1">Patel, Dylan (October 24, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semianalysis.com/p/how-chinas-biren-is-attempting-to">"How China's Biren Is Attempting To Evade US Sanctions"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815225810/https://www.semianalysis.com/p/how-chinas-biren-is-attempting-to">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. 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Retrieved August 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Game+Developer&rft.atitle=China%27s+game+art+industry+reportedly+decimated+by+growing+AI+use&rft.date=2023-04-11&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamedeveloper.com%2Fart%2Fchina-s-game-art-industry-reportedly-decimated-ai-art-use&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollier2023" class="citation web cs1">Collier, Kevin (July 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/hollywood-actor-sag-aftra-ai-artificial-intelligence-strike-rcna94191">"Actors vs. AI: Strike brings focus to emerging use of advanced tech"</a>. NBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230720230639/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/hollywood-actor-sag-aftra-ai-artificial-intelligence-strike-rcna94191">Archived</a> from the original on July 20, 2023. Retrieved July 21, 2023. <q>SAG-AFTRA has joined the Writer's [sic] Guild of America in demanding a contract that explicitly demands AI regulations to protect writers and the works they create. ... The future of generative artificial intelligence in Hollywood—and how it can be used to replace labor—has become a crucial sticking point for actors going on strike. In a news conference Thursday, Fran Drescher, president of the Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (more commonly known as SAG-AFTRA), declared that 'artificial intelligence poses an existential threat to creative professions, and all actors and performers deserve contract language that protects them from having their identity and talent exploited without consent and pay.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Actors+vs.+AI%3A+Strike+brings+focus+to+emerging+use+of+advanced+tech&rft.pub=NBC+News&rft.date=2023-07-14&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Ftech%2Ftech-news%2Fhollywood-actor-sag-aftra-ai-artificial-intelligence-strike-rcna94191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiggers2023" class="citation web cs1">Wiggers, Kyle (August 22, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2023/08/22/elevenlabs-voice-generating-tools-launch-out-of-beta/">"ElevenLabs' voice-generating tools launch out of beta"</a>. TechCrunch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128141924/https://techcrunch.com/2023/08/22/elevenlabs-voice-generating-tools-launch-out-of-beta/">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2023. Retrieved September 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=ElevenLabs%27+voice-generating+tools+launch+out+of+beta&rft.date=2023-08-22&rft.aulast=Wiggers&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2023%2F08%2F22%2Felevenlabs-voice-generating-tools-launch-out-of-beta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShrivastava" class="citation web cs1">Shrivastava, Rashi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/rashishrivastava/2023/10/09/keep-your-paws-off-my-voice-voice-actors-worry-generative-ai-will-steal-their-livelihoods/">"'Keep Your Paws Off My Voice': Voice Actors Worry Generative AI Will Steal Their Livelihoods"</a>. Forbes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231202055929/https://www.forbes.com/sites/rashishrivastava/2023/10/09/keep-your-paws-off-my-voice-voice-actors-worry-generative-ai-will-steal-their-livelihoods/">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved November 28, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=%27Keep+Your+Paws+Off+My+Voice%27%3A+Voice+Actors+Worry+Generative+AI+Will+Steal+Their+Livelihoods&rft.aulast=Shrivastava&rft.aufirst=Rashi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Frashishrivastava%2F2023%2F10%2F09%2Fkeep-your-paws-off-my-voice-voice-actors-worry-generative-ai-will-steal-their-livelihoods%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGupta2023" class="citation web cs1">Gupta, Shalene (October 31, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90975180/ai-threat-jobs-fears-survey-seven-countries-job-seekers-hr">"Underrepresented groups in countries around the world are worried about AI being a threat to jobs"</a>. Fast Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231208191050/https://www.fastcompany.com/90975180/ai-threat-jobs-fears-survey-seven-countries-job-seekers-hr">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fast+Company&rft.atitle=Underrepresented+groups+in+countries+around+the+world+are+worried+about+AI+being+a+threat+to+jobs&rft.date=2023-10-31&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Shalene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fastcompany.com%2F90975180%2Fai-threat-jobs-fears-survey-seven-countries-job-seekers-hr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRachel_Gordon2023" class="citation web cs1">Rachel Gordon (March 3, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.mit.edu/2023/large-language-models-are-biased-can-logic-help-save-them-0303">"Large language models are biased. Can logic help save them?"</a>. MIT CSAIL. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240123103540/https://news.mit.edu/2023/large-language-models-are-biased-can-logic-help-save-them-0303">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MIT+CSAIL&rft.atitle=Large+language+models+are+biased.+Can+logic+help+save+them%3F&rft.date=2023-03-03&rft.au=Rachel+Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.mit.edu%2F2023%2Flarge-language-models-are-biased-can-logic-help-save-them-0303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOpenAI2022" class="citation web cs1">OpenAI (July 18, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openai.com/blog/reducing-bias-and-improving-safety-in-dall-e-2">"Reducing bias and improving safety in DALL·E 2"</a>. OpenAI. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240126195631/https://openai.com/blog/reducing-bias-and-improving-safety-in-dall-e-2">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2024. 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NBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240126195631/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/no-quick-fix-openais-dalle-2-illustrated-challenges-bias-ai-rcna39918">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=No+quick+fix%3A+How+OpenAI%27s+DALL%C2%B7E+2+illustrated+the+challenges+of+bias+in+AI&rft.date=2022-07-27&rft.au=Jake+Traylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Ftech%2Ftech-news%2Fno-quick-fix-openais-dalle-2-illustrated-challenges-bias-ai-rcna39918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DALL-E2-mitigations-133"><a href="#cite_ref-DALL-E2-mitigations_133-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openai.com/research/dall-e-2-pre-training-mitigations">"DALL·E 2 pre-training mitigations"</a>. OpenAI. June 28, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240126195631/https://openai.com/research/dall-e-2-pre-training-mitigations">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenAI&rft.atitle=DALL%C2%B7E+2+pre-training+mitigations&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenai.com%2Fresearch%2Fdall-e-2-pre-training-mitigations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenerative+artificial+intelligence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FoxNews2018-134"><a href="#cite_ref-FoxNews2018_134-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandon2018" class="citation news cs1">Brandon, John (February 16, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/tech/terrifying-high-tech-porn-creepy-deepfake-videos-are-on-the-rise">"Terrifying high-tech porn: Creepy 'deepfake' videos are on the rise"</a>. Fox News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180615160819/http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2018/02/16/terrifying-high-tech-porn-creepy-deepfake-videos-are-on-rise.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2018. 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Vice. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190907194524/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/bjye8a/reddit-fake-porn-app-daisy-ridley">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2019. 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February 20, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210714032914/https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/what-are-deepfakes-ai-porn/">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2021. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Generative_AI409" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Generative_AI" title="Template:Generative AI"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Generative_AI" title="Template talk:Generative AI"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Generative_AI" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Generative AI"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Generative_AI409" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Generative AI</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoencoder" title="Autoencoder">Autoencoder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_learning" title="Deep learning">Deep learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_adversarial_network" title="Generative adversarial network">Generative adversarial network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_pre-trained_transformer" title="Generative pre-trained transformer">Generative pre-trained transformer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_language_model" title="Large language model">Large language model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neural_network_(machine_learning)" title="Neural network (machine learning)">Neural network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prompt_engineering" title="Prompt engineering">Prompt engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrieval-augmented_generation" title="Retrieval-augmented generation">Retrieval-augmented generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback" title="Reinforcement learning from human feedback">Reinforcement learning from human feedback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-supervised_learning" title="Self-supervised learning">Self-supervised learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning_architecture)" title="Transformer (deep learning architecture)">Transformer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variational_autoencoder" title="Variational autoencoder">Variational autoencoder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_transformer" title="Vision transformer">Vision transformer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_embedding" title="Word embedding">Word embedding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Text</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claude_(language_model)" title="Claude (language model)">Claude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DBRX" title="DBRX">DBRX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeepSeek_(chatbot)" title="DeepSeek (chatbot)">DeepSeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(chatbot)" title="Gemini (chatbot)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_pre-trained_transformer" title="Generative pre-trained transformer">GPT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GPT-1" title="GPT-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPT-2" title="GPT-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPT-3" title="GPT-3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPT-J" title="GPT-J">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChatGPT" title="ChatGPT">ChatGPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPT-4" title="GPT-4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPT-4o" title="GPT-4o">4o</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAI_o1" title="OpenAI o1">o1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAI_o3" title="OpenAI o3">o3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grok_(chatbot)" title="Grok (chatbot)">Grok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Granite" title="IBM Granite">Granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llama_(language_model)" title="Llama (language model)">Llama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistral_AI#Mistral_Large" title="Mistral AI">Mistral Large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huawei_PanGu" title="Huawei PanGu">PanGu-Σ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qwen" title="Qwen">Qwen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Text-to-image_model" title="Text-to-image model">Image</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurora_(text-to-image_model)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurora (text-to-image model)">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DALL-E" title="DALL-E">DALL-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Firefly" title="Adobe Firefly">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flux_(text-to-image_model)" title="Flux (text-to-image model)">Flux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideogram_(text-to-image_model)" title="Ideogram (text-to-image model)">Ideogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midjourney" title="Midjourney">Midjourney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stable_Diffusion" title="Stable Diffusion">Stable Diffusion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speech</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15.ai" title="15.ai">15.ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaveNet" title="WaveNet">WaveNet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Text-to-video_model" title="Text-to-video model">Video</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_Machine_(text-to-video_model)" title="Dream Machine (text-to-video model)">Dream Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runway_(company)#Gen-3_Alpha" title="Runway (company)">Gen-3 Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiniMax_(company)#Hailuo_AI" title="MiniMax (company)">Hailuo AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kling_(text-to-video_model)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kling (text-to-video model)">Kling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sora_(text-to-video_model)" title="Sora (text-to-video model)">Sora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_DeepMind#Video_model" title="Google DeepMind">Veo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VideoPoet" title="VideoPoet">VideoPoet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Udio" title="Udio">Udio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suno_AI" title="Suno AI">Suno AI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_artificial_intelligence_companies" title="List of artificial intelligence companies">Companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/01.AI" title="01.AI">01.AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropic" title="Anthropic">Anthropic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baichuan" title="Baichuan">Baichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeepSeek" title="DeepSeek">DeepSeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElevenLabs" title="ElevenLabs">ElevenLabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_DeepMind" title="Google DeepMind">Google DeepMind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugging_Face" title="Hugging Face">Hugging Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaishou" title="Kuaishou">Kuaishou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_AI" title="Meta AI">Meta AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiniMax_(company)" title="MiniMax (company)">MiniMax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistral_AI" title="Mistral AI">Mistral AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonshot_AI" title="Moonshot AI">Moonshot AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runway_(company)" title="Runway (company)">Runway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stability_AI" title="Stability AI">Stability AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesia_(company)" title="Synthesia (company)">Synthesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XAI_(company)" title="XAI (company)">xAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhipu_AI" title="Zhipu AI">Zhipu AI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Generative_artificial_intelligence" title="Category:Generative artificial intelligence">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_art" title="Computer art">Computer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">CGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2D_computer_graphics" title="2D computer graphics">2D graphics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2.5D" title="2.5D">2.5D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D graphics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerox_art" title="Xerox art">Xerox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applications_of_3D_printing" title="Applications of 3D printing">3D printer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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href="/wiki/Computer_music" title="Computer music">Computer music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-fungible_token" title="Non-fungible token">Crypto art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberarts" title="Cyberarts">Cyberarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_illustration" title="Digital illustration">Digital illustration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_imaging" title="Digital imaging">Digital imaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_painting" title="Digital painting">Digital painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_photography" title="Digital photography">Digital photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_poetry" title="Digital poetry">Digital poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_architecture" title="Digital architecture">Digital architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">Electronic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_art" title="Evolutionary art">Evolutionary art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fractal_art" title="Fractal art">Fractal art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_art" title="Generative art">Generative art</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Generative artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generative_music" title="Generative music">Generative music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIF_art" title="GIF art">GIF art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitch_art" title="Glitch art">Glitch art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immersion_(virtual_reality)" title="Immersion (virtual reality)">Immersion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_art" title="Interactive art">Interactive art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_art" title="Internet art">Internet art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_graphics" title="Motion graphics">Motion graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_visualization" title="Music visualization">Music visualization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photograph_manipulation" title="Photograph manipulation">Photograph manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_art" title="Pixel art">Pixel art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-photorealistic_rendering#Artistic_rendering" title="Non-photorealistic rendering">Render art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_art" title="Software art">Software art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_art" title="Systems art">Systems art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texture_mapping" title="Texture mapping">Texture mapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_art" title="Virtual art">Virtual art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Refik_Anadol" title="Refik Anadol">Refik Anadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_Arcangel" title="Cory Arcangel">Cory Arcangel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sougwen_Chung" title="Sougwen Chung">Sougwen Chung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Cohen_(artist)" title="Harold Cohen (artist)">Harold Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Char_Davies" title="Char Davies">Char Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Dinkins" title="Stephanie Dinkins">Stephanie Dinkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Elwes" title="Jake Elwes">Jake Elwes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Em" title="David Em">David Em</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Paul_Henry" title="Desmond Paul Henry">Desmond Paul Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Klingemann" title="Mario Klingemann">Mario Klingemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Hershman_Leeson" title="Lynn Hershman Leeson">Lynn Hershman Leeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Lieberman" title="Zachary Lieberman">Zachary Lieberman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_Lovejoy" title="Margot Lovejoy">Margot Lovejoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauro_Martino" title="Mauro Martino">Mauro Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Millikin" title="Eric Millikin">Eric Millikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamid_Naderi_Yeganeh" title="Hamid Naderi Yeganeh">Hamid Naderi Yeganeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Paglen" title="Trevor Paglen">Trevor Paglen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casey_Reas" title="Casey Reas">Casey Reas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Ridler" title="Anna Ridler">Anna Ridler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Rubin_(artist)" title="Ben Rubin (artist)">Ben Rubin (artist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Sims" title="Karl Sims">Karl Sims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Utterback" title="Camille Utterback">Camille Utterback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar_Van_Arman" title="Pindar Van Arman">Pindar Van Arman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable artworks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_de_Belamy" title="Edmond de Belamy">Edmond de Belamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnsley_fern" title="Barnsley fern">Barnsley fern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Dress_Up" title="Jesus Dress Up">Jesus Dress Up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listening_Post_(artwork)" title="Listening Post (artwork)">Listening Post (artwork)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remember_To_Rise" title="Remember To Rise">Remember To Rise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations, conferences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artfutura" title="Artfutura">Artfutura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artmedia" title="Artmedia">Artmedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Museum_of_Digital_Art" title="Austin Museum of Digital Art">Austin Museum of Digital Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Arts_Society" title="Computer Arts Society">Computer Arts Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EVA_Conferences" title="EVA Conferences">EVA Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Center_for_Digital_Art" title="Los Angeles Center for Digital Art">Los Angeles Center for Digital Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen_Prize" title="Lumen Prize">Lumen Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onedotzero" title="Onedotzero">onedotzero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGGRAPH" title="SIGGRAPH">SIGGRAPH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%26A_Digital_Futures" title="V&A Digital Futures">V&A Digital Futures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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