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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Start_and_end_dates_of_British_Summer_Time_and_Irish_Standard_Time"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Start and end dates of British Summer Time and Irish Standard Time</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Start_and_end_dates_of_British_Summer_Time_and_Irish_Standard_Time-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Western European Summer Time</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" 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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wes-Europese_Somertyd" title="Wes-Europese Somertyd – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wes-Europese Somertyd" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A" title="توقيت غرب أوروبا الصيفي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توقيت غرب أوروبا الصيفي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="পশ্চিম ইউরোপীয় গ্রীষ্মকালীন সময় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পশ্চিম ইউরোপীয় গ্রীষ্মকালীন সময়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westeurop%C3%A4ische_Sommerzeit" title="Westeuropäische Sommerzeit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Westeuropäische Sommerzeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CE%8F%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%94%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%95%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Θερινή Ώρα Δυτικής Ευρώπης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θερινή Ώρα Δυτικής Ευρώπης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horario_de_verano_de_Europa_occidental" title="Horario de verano de Europa occidental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Horario de verano de Europa occidental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/WEST" title="WEST – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="WEST" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heure_d%27%C3%A9t%C3%A9_d%27Europe_de_l%27Ouest" title="Heure d'été d'Europe de l'Ouest – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Heure d'été d'Europe de l'Ouest" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD_%EC%9D%BC%EA%B4%91_%EC%A0%88%EC%95%BD_%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%84%EB%8C%80" title="서유럽 일광 절약 시간대 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서유럽 일광 절약 시간대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waktu_Musim_Panas_Eropa_Barat" title="Waktu Musim Panas Eropa Barat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Waktu Musim Panas Eropa Barat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_European_Summer_Time" title="Western European Summer Time – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Western European Summer Time" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rietumeiropas_vasaras_laiks" title="Rietumeiropas vasaras laiks – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rietumeiropas vasaras laiks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakar%C5%B3_Europos_vasaros_laikas" title="Vakarų Europos vasaros laikas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vakarų Europos vasaros laikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waktu_Musim_Panas_Eropah_Barat" title="Waktu Musim Panas Eropah Barat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Waktu Musim Panas Eropah Barat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A5%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9E_%E1%80%94%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%85%E1%80%B6%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="အနောက်ဥရောပဒေသ နွေရာသီစံတော်ချိန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အနောက်ဥရောပဒေသ နွေရာသီစံတော်ချိန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="西ヨーロッパ夏時間 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="西ヨーロッパ夏時間" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesteuropeisk_sommertid" title="Vesteuropeisk sommertid – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vesteuropeisk sommertid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88%D9%82%D8%AA" title="مغربی یورپی گرما وقت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مغربی یورپی گرما وقت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DB%90%D8%AF%D9%8A%DA%81%DB%90_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%A7_%DA%AB%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8D_%D9%88%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%86" title="لوېديځې اورپا ګرمۍ وخت زون – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لوېديځې اورپا ګرمۍ وخت زون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czas_zachodnioeuropejski_letni" title="Czas zachodnioeuropejski letni – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czas zachodnioeuropejski letni" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hor%C3%A1rio_de_Ver%C3%A3o_da_Europa_Ocidental" title="Horário de Verão da Europa Ocidental – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Horário de Verão da Europa Ocidental" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Западноевропейское летнее время – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Западноевропейское летнее время" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastren_European_Simmer_Time" title="Wastren European Simmer Time – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wastren European Simmer Time" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_European_Summer_Time" title="Western European Summer Time – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Western European Summer Time" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_European_Summer_Time" title="Western European Summer Time – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Western European Summer Time" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Западноевропско летње време – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Западноевропско летње време" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4nsi-Euroopan_kes%C3%A4aika" title="Länsi-Euroopan kesäaika – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Länsi-Euroopan kesäaika" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Avrupa_Yaz_Saati" title="Batı Avrupa Yaz Saati – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Batı Avrupa Yaz Saati" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Західноєвропейський літній час – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Західноєвропейський літній час" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88%D9%82%D8%AA" title="مغربی یورپی گرما وقت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مغربی یورپی گرما وقت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BB%9D_m%C3%B9a_h%C3%A8_T%C3%A2y_%C3%82u" title="Giờ mùa hè Tây Âu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giờ mùa hè Tây Âu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Time_zones_of_the_Greater_Europe.svg/300px-Time_zones_of_the_Greater_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Time_zones_of_the_Greater_Europe.svg/450px-Time_zones_of_the_Greater_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Time_zones_of_the_Greater_Europe.svg/600px-Time_zones_of_the_Greater_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="606" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Europe" title="Time in Europe">Time in Europe</a>: <table style="background-color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#AFB1FF;color:black;text-align:center;">Light Blue</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">Western European Time</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">Greenwich Mean Time</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#5F61BF;color:white;text-align:center;">Blue</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">Western European Time</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">Greenwich Mean Time</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western European Summer Time</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">British Summer Time</a></span> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Time in the Republic of Ireland">Irish Standard Time</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+1</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C15F61;color:white;text-align:center;">Red</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">Central European Time</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+1</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">Central European Summer Time</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+2</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#F7F689;text-align:center;width:32px">Yellow</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">Eastern European Time</a> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Time" title="Kaliningrad Time">Kaliningrad Time</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+2</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#D7D65C;text-align:center;">Ochre</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">Eastern European Time</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+2</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">Eastern European Summer Time</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+3</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#a5ffa5;color:black;text-align:center;">Green</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Time" title="Moscow Time">Moscow Time</a></span> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Turkey" title="Time in Turkey">Turkey Time</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+3</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#a6ecf2;color:black;text-align:center;">Turquoise</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armenia_Time" title="Armenia Time">Armenia Time</a></span> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Time" title="Azerbaijan Time">Azerbaijan Time</a></span> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Time" title="Georgia Time">Georgia Time</a></span> / <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samara_Time" title="Samara Time">Samara Time</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B04:00" title="UTC+04:00">UTC+4</a>)</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <span style="font-size:11px;"><span style="color:#AFB1FF;">▉</span><span style="color:#F7F689;">▉</span><span style="color:#a5ffa5;">▉</span><span style="color:#a6ecf2;">▉</span> Pale colours: Standard time observed all year<br /><span style="color:#5F61BF;">▉</span><span style="color:#C15F61;">▉</span><span style="color:#D7D65C;">▉</span> Dark colours: <a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">Summer time</a> observed</span> </figcaption></figure> <p><b>Western European Summer Time</b> (<b>WEST</b>, <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a>) is a summer <a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">daylight saving time</a> scheme, 1 hour ahead of <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">Greenwich Mean Time</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">Coordinated Universal Time</a>. It is used in: </p> <ul><li>the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a> but not the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>)</li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul> <p>The following countries also use the same time zone for their daylight saving time but use a different title: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, which uses <a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">British Summer Time</a> (BST)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, which uses <a href="/wiki/Irish_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Standard Time">Irish Standard Time</a> (IST)<sup id="cite_ref-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Am Caighdeánach na hÉireann</i></span> (ACÉ)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Also sometimes erroneously referred to as "Irish Summer Time" (<span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Am Samhraidh na hÉireann</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The scheme runs from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October each year. At both the start and end of the schemes, clock changes take place at 01:00 <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC+00:00</a>. During the winter, <a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">Western European Time</a> (WET, GMT+0 or <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC+00:00</a>) is used. </p><p>The start and end dates of the scheme are asymmetrical in terms of daylight hours: the <a href="/wiki/Spring_(season)" title="Spring (season)">vernal</a> time of year with a similar amount of daylight to late October is mid-February, well before the start of summer time. The asymmetry reflects temperature more than the length of daylight. </p><p>Ireland observes Irish Standard Time during the summer months and changes to <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC+00:00</a> in winter.<sup id="cite_ref-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Ireland's winter time period begins on the last Sunday in October and finishes on the last Sunday in March, the result is the same as if it observed summer time. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following countries and territories use UTC+01:00 during the summer, between 1:00 UTC on the last Sunday of March and 1:00 UTC on the last Sunday of October. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>, regularly since 1980 (rest of Spain is <a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>, i.e. <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a>, regularly since 1981</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> <ul><li>1916–1939 summers IST</li> <li>1940–1946 all year IST</li> <li>1947–1968 summers IST</li> <li>1968–1971 all year IST</li> <li>1972– summers IST</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Portugal" title="Continental Portugal">Continental Portugal</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>1916–1921 summers WEST</li> <li>1924 summer WEST</li> <li>1926–1929 summers WEST</li> <li>1931–1932 summers WEST</li> <li>1934–1941 summers WEST</li> <li>1942–1945 summers WEST (1942–1945 midsummers Western European Midsummer Time|WEMT<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>=WEST+1)</li> <li>1946–1966 summers WEST</li> <li>1966–1976 all year WEST/<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a></li> <li>1977–1992 summers WEST</li> <li>1992–1996 winters WEST/CET (1993–1995 summers <a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</li> <li>1996– summers WEST</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a>, regularly since 1982<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li>1916–1939 summers BST</li> <li>1940–1945 all year BST (1941–1945 summers BDST=BST+1)</li> <li>1946 summer BST</li> <li>1947 summer BST (1947 midsummer BDST=BST+1)</li> <li>1948–1968 summers BST</li> <li>1968–1971 all year BST</li> <li>1972– summers BST</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ireland">Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Time_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Time in Ireland">Time in Ireland</a></div> <p>In Ireland, since the Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971, Ireland has used <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+1</a> in summer (officially "standard time",<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: <i lang="ga">am caighdeánach</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though usually called "summer time") and <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B00:00" title="UTC+00:00">UTC+0</a> in winter (officially "winter time").<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Time_in_Portugal" title="Time in Portugal">Time in Portugal</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> moved to Central European Time and Central European Summer Time in 1992, but reverted to Western European Time in 1996 after concluding that energy savings were small, it had a disturbing effect on children's sleeping habits as it would not get dark until 22:00 or 22:30 in summer evenings, during winter mornings the sun was still rising at 9:00, with repercussions on standards of learning and school performance, and insurance companies reported a rise in the number of accidents.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">British Summer Time</a></div> <p>Starting in 1916, the dates for the beginning and end of BST each year were mandated by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>. From 1940 to 1945, the country used British Summer Time in the winter months and British Double Summer Time, a further hour ahead of GMT, in the summer months. From 1968 to 1971, the country used BST throughout the year. In February 2002, the Summer Time Order 2002<sup id="cite_ref-SummerTime2002_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SummerTime2002-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> changed the dates and times to match European rules for moving to and from daylight saving time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Start_and_end_dates_of_British_Summer_Time_and_Irish_Standard_Time">Start and end dates of British Summer Time and Irish Standard Time</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Start and end dates of British Summer Time and Irish Standard Time"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th class="unsortable">Begins (GMT)</th> <th class="unsortable">Ends (GMT)</th> <th class="unsortable">UK Notes</th> <th class="unsortable">Ireland Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th>2023 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2022 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 30 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2021 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 31 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2020 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2019 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2018 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2017 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 01:00　</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2016 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 30 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2015 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2014 </th> <td>Sun 30 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2013 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2012 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2011 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 30 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2010 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 31 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2009 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2008 </th> <td>Sun 30 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2007 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2006 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2005 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 30 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2004 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 31 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2003 </th> <td>Sun 30 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2002 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 01:00</td> <td>UK adopts EU practice<sup id="cite_ref-SummerTime2002_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SummerTime2002-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2002_EU_adopts_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2002_EU_adopts-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Ireland adopts EU Practice <sup id="cite_ref-2002_EU_adopts_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2002_EU_adopts-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2001 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2000 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1999 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 31 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1998 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1997 </th> <td>Sun 30 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1996 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1995 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 22 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1994 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 23 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1993 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 24 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1992 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1991 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1990 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1989 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1988 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 23 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1987 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1986 </th> <td>Sun 30 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1985 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1984 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1983 </th> <td>Sun 27 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 23 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1982 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 24 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1981 </th> <td>Sun 29 March 01:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 01:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1980 </th> <td>Sun 16 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1979 </th> <td>Sun 18 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1978 </th> <td>Sun 19 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1977 </th> <td>Sun 20 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 23 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1976 </th> <td>Sun 21 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 24 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1975 </th> <td>Sun 16 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1974 </th> <td>Sun 17 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1973 </th> <td>Sun 18 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1972 </th> <td>Sun 19 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1971 </th> <td></td> <td>Sun 31 October 02:00</td> <td>BST all year ends</td> <td>IST all year ends </td></tr> <tr> <th>1970 </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td>BST all year</td> <td>IST all year </td></tr> <tr> <th>1969 </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td>BST all year</td> <td>IST all year </td></tr> <tr> <th>1968 </th> <td>Sun 18 February 01:00</td> <td></td> <td>BST all year begins</td> <td>IST all year begins </td></tr> <tr> <th>1967 </th> <td>Sun 19 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1966 </th> <td>Sun 20 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 23 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1965 </th> <td>Sun 21 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 24 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1964 </th> <td>Sun 22 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 25 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1963 </th> <td>Sun 31 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 27 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1962 </th> <td>Sun 25 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 28 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1961 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1960 </th> <td>Sun 10 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 2 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1959 </th> <td>Sun 12 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 4 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1958 </th> <td>Sun 20 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 5 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1957 </th> <td>Sun 14 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 6 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1956 </th> <td>Sun 22 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 7 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1955 </th> <td>Sun 17 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 2 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1954 </th> <td>Sun 11 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 3 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1953 </th> <td>Sun 19 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 4 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1952 </th> <td>Sun 20 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 26 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1951 </th> <td>Sun 15 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 21 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1950 </th> <td>Sun 16 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 29 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1949 </th> <td>Sun 3 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 30 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1948 </th> <td>Sun 14 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 31 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3">1947 </th> <td></td> <td>Sun 2 November 02:00</td> <td>Back to GMT</td> <td>Back to GMT </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sun 13 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 10 August 02:00</td> <td>BDST (2 hours ahead)</td> <td>IST / no DST </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sun 16 March 02:00</td> <td></td> <td>BST begins</td> <td>IST begins </td></tr> <tr> <th>1946 </th> <td>Sun 14 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 6 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td>Back to GMT (Oct) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">1945 </th> <td></td> <td>Sun 7 October 02:00</td> <td>Back to GMT</td> <td>IST </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mon 2 April 01:00</td> <td>Sun 15 July 01:00</td> <td>BDST (2 hours ahead)</td> <td>IST / no DST </td></tr> <tr> <th>1944 </th> <td>Sun 2 April 01:00</td> <td>Sun 17 September 01:00</td> <td>BDST (2 hours ahead)</td> <td>IST / no DST </td></tr> <tr> <th>1943 </th> <td>Sun 4 April 01:00</td> <td>Sun 15 August 01:00</td> <td>BDST (2 hours ahead)</td> <td>IST / no DST </td></tr> <tr> <th>1942 </th> <td>Sun 5 April 01:00</td> <td>Sun 9 August 01:00</td> <td>BDST (2 hours ahead)</td> <td>IST / no DST </td></tr> <tr> <th>1941 </th> <td>Sun 4 May 01:00</td> <td>Sun 10 August 01:00</td> <td>BDST (2 hours ahead)</td> <td>IST / no DST </td></tr> <tr> <th>1940 </th> <td>Sun 25 February 02:00</td> <td></td> <td>BST <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II">1940–1945</a></td> <td>IST 1940–1946 </td></tr> <tr> <th>1939 </th> <td>Sun 16 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 19 November 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1938 </th> <td>Sun 10 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 2 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1937 </th> <td>Sun 18 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 3 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1936 </th> <td>Sun 19 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 4 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1935 </th> <td>Sun 14 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 6 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1934 </th> <td>Sun 22 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 7 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1933 </th> <td>Sun 9 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 8 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1932 </th> <td>Sun 17 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 2 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1931 </th> <td>Sun 19 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 4 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1930 </th> <td>Sun 13 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 5 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1929 </th> <td>Sun 21 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 6 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1928 </th> <td>Sun 22 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 7 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1927 </th> <td>Sun 10 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 2 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1926 </th> <td>Sun 18 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 3 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1925 </th> <td>Sun 19 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 4 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1924 </th> <td>Sun 13 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 21 September 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1923 </th> <td>Sun 22 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 16 September 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1922 </th> <td>Sun 26 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 8 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1921 </th> <td>Sun 3 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 2 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1920 </th> <td>Sun 28 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 24 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1919 </th> <td>Sun 30 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 28 September 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1918 </th> <td>Sun 24 March 02:00</td> <td>Sun 29 September 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1917 </th> <td>Sun 8 April 02:00</td> <td>Sun 16 September 02:00</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1916 </th> <td>Sun 21 May 02:00</td> <td>Sun 1 October 02:00</td> <td></td> <td>Abolition of DMT </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Note: Until 1 October 1916 time in all of Ireland was based on <a href="/wiki/Dublin_Mean_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Dublin Mean Time">Dublin Mean Time</a>, GMT − 25 minutes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STANDARD_TIME_ACT,_1968_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acts.ie/en.act.1968.0023.1.html">"STANDARD TIME ACT, 1968"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STANDARD+TIME+ACT%2C+1968&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acts.ie%2Fen.act.1968.0023.1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acts.ie/ga.act.1968.0023.1.html">"AN tACHT UM AM CAIGHDEÁNACH, 1968"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AN+tACHT+UM+AM+CAIGHDE%C3%81NACH%2C+1968&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acts.ie%2Fga.act.1968.0023.1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeanddate.com/library/abbreviations/timezones/eu/ist.html">"timeanddate.com webpage erroneously referring to IST as "Irish Summer Time"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=timeanddate.com+webpage+erroneously+referring+to+IST+as+%22Irish+Summer+Time%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeanddate.com%2Flibrary%2Fabbreviations%2Ftimezones%2Feu%2Fist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcd.ie/Physics/Astrophysics/news.php">"Example of Trinity College, Dublin using the term "Irish Summer Time"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Dublin" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity College, Dublin">Trinity College, Dublin</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Example+of+Trinity+College%2C+Dublin+using+the+term+%22Irish+Summer+Time%22&rft.pub=Trinity+College%2C+Dublin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcd.ie%2FPhysics%2FAstrophysics%2Fnews.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/hora-legal-desde-1911.pdf">"Hora Legal em Portugal Continental [Standard and Summer Time in Continental Portugal]"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Portuguese). <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Observatory_of_Lisbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon">Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hora+Legal+em+Portugal+Continental+%5BStandard+and+Summer+Time+in+Continental+Portugal%5D&rft.pub=Astronomical+Observatory+of+Lisbon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foal.ul.pt%2Fdocumentos%2Fhora-legal-desde-1911.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/portugal/lisbon">"Time Changes in Lisbon over the years (1925–1949); Time Zone in Lisbon, Portugal"</a>. timeanddate.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Time+Changes+in+Lisbon+over+the+years+%281925%E2%80%931949%29%3B+Time+Zone+in+Lisbon%2C+Portugal&rft.pub=timeanddate.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeanddate.com%2Ftime%2Fzone%2Fportugal%2Flisbon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaw2001" class="citation web cs1">Law, Gwillim (30 May 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://statoids.com/tpt.html">"Time Zones of Portugal"</a>. <i>Statoids</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statoids&rft.atitle=Time+Zones+of+Portugal&rft.date=2001-05-30&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=Gwillim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstatoids.com%2Ftpt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1982/04/07800/07770778.pdf">"Decreto Regional n.º 5/82/M, de 3 de Abril [Regional Decree 5/82/M, 3 April 1982]"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Diário da República, I Série, n.º 78, 7 de Abril de 1982</i> (in Portuguese). 7 April 1982. pp. 777–778<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Di%C3%A1rio+da+Rep%C3%BAblica%2C+I+S%C3%A9rie%2C+n.%C2%BA+78%2C+7+de+Abril+de+1982&rft.atitle=Decreto+Regional+n.%C2%BA+5%2F82%2FM%2C+de+3+de+Abril+%5BRegional+Decree+5%2F82%2FM%2C+3+April+1982%5D&rft.pages=777-778&rft.date=1982-04-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdre.pt%2Fpdf1sdip%2F1982%2F04%2F07800%2F07770778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1968/en/act/pub/0023/index.html">"Standard Time Act, 1968"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Statute_Book" title="Irish Statute Book">Irish Statute Book</a></i>. Attorney General. 15 July 1968.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=Standard+Time+Act%2C+1968&rft.date=1968-07-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F1968%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0023%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://focal.ie/Search.aspx?term=Standard+Time">"Standard time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Focal_(lexicographical_website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Focal (lexicographical website)">Focal</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Focal&rft.atitle=Standard+time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffocal.ie%2FSearch.aspx%3Fterm%3DStandard%2BTime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1971/en/act/pub/0017/index.html">"Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971"</a>. <i>Irish Statute Book</i>. Attorney General. 20 July 1971.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=Standard+Time+%28Amendment%29+Act%2C+1971&rft.date=1971-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F1971%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0017%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?gid=2006-03-24b.478.0">"Lighter Evenings (Experiment) Bill [HL]"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lighter+Evenings+%28Experiment%29+Bill+%5BHL%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Flords%2F%3Fgid%3D2006-03-24b.478.0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SummerTime2002-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SummerTime2002_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SummerTime2002_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2002/20020262.htm">"Statutory Instrument 2002 No. 262—The Summer Time Order 2002"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statutory+Instrument+2002+No.+262%E2%80%94The+Summer+Time+Order+2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opsi.gov.uk%2Fsi%2Fsi2002%2F20020262.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2002_EU_adopts-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2002_EU_adopts_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2002_EU_adopts_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT">"Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Directive+2000%2F84%2FEC+of+the+European+Parliament+and+of+the+Council+of+19+January+2001+on+summer-time+arrangements&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2FLexUriServ%2FLexUriServ.do%3Furi%3DCELEX%3A32000L0084%3AEN%3ANOT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2001/en/si/0506.html">"Winter Time Order, 2001"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Winter+Time+Order%2C+2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F2001%2Fen%2Fsi%2F0506.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+Summer+Time" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Prerau, David. <i>Saving the Daylight: Why We Put the Clocks Forward</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86207-796-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-86207-796-7">1-86207-796-7</a>) — The Story of Summer Time/Daylight Saving Time with a focus on the UK</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.savingthedaylight.com/dst/">A Brief History of BST/DST</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srcf.ucam.org/~jsm28/british-time/">History of legal time in Britain</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/west_yorkshire/3213979.stm">BBC News report</a>: Safety call as clocks go back.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/8321809.stm">BBC News report</a>: Tundra time call in clocks debate.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100331102636/http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/briefings/snsc-03796.pdf">UK Government Report</a>: Overview of the pros and cons of British Summer Time.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060115024530/http://www.rospa.com/news/releases/2005/pr415_26_10_05_road.htm">RoSPA Press Release</a>: RoSPA calls for switch to lighter nights to save lives</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bst2.htm">BST FAQ</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080209113301/http://www.berr.gov.uk/employment/bank-public-holidays/bst/page12528.html">Official British Government site listing Summer time dates for 2006–2011 inclusive</a> (Updated March 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npl.co.uk/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.2714">Dates when BST began and ended</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eggert/tz/master/europe">UNIX 'zoneinfo' file for Europe</a>: as well as including a full set of dates for all European countries, it includes many comments on the history of DST in those countries.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&oldid=1257110464">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_European_Summer_Time&oldid=1257110464</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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