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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Huvudmeny</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a 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name="title" value="Special:Sök"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Sök</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personliga verktyg"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Avestiska" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Avestiska" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Avestiska" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Avestiska" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Avestiska</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 93 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesties" title="Avesties – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Avesties" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestische_Sprache" title="Avestische Sprache – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Avestische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अवेस्तन भाषा – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अवेस्तन भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أوستية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوستية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_avestico" title="Idioma avestico – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma avestico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আৱেস্তা ভাষা – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আৱেস্তা ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_av%C3%A9sticu" title="Idioma avésticu – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma avésticu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesta_dili" title="Avesta dili – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Avesta dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="অবেস্তা ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অবেস্তা ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Авестыйская мова – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Авестыйская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Авэстыйская мова – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Авэстыйская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Авестийски език – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Авестийски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awestische_Sproch" title="Awestische Sproch – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Awestische Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesteg" title="Avesteg – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Avesteg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Av%C3%A8stic" title="Avèstic – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Avèstic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Авеста чĕлхи – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Авеста чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongang_Abestiko" title="Pinulongang Abestiko – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongang Abestiko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avest%C3%A1n%C5%A1tina" title="Avestánština – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Avestánština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestisk_(sprog)" title="Avestisk (sprog) – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Avestisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestische_Sprache" title="Avestische Sprache – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Avestische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Αβεστική γλώσσα – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αβεστική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestan" title="Avestan – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Avestan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_av%C3%A9stico" title="Idioma avéstico – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma avéstico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesta_lingvo" title="Avesta lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Avesta lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestera" title="Avestera – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Avestera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="زبان اوستایی – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان اوستایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestique" title="Avestique – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Avestique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Aiv%C3%A9istis" title="An Aivéistis – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Aivéistis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_av%C3%A9stica" title="Lingua avéstica – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua avéstica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B2%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%96%B4" title="아베스타어 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아베스타어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Ավեստերեն – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ավեստերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अवस्ताई भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अवस्ताई भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesti%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Avestički jezik – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Avestički jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestana_linguo" title="Avestana linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Avestana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Avesta" title="Bahasa Avesta – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Avesta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%C3%A6%D0%B9%D1%8B_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Авестæйы æвзаг – ossetiska" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Авестæйы æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avest%C3%ADska" title="Avestíska – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Avestíska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_avestica" title="Lingua avestica – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua avestica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אווסטית – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אווסטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF" title="ಅವೇಶ್ಟಿ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅವೇಶ್ಟಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ავესტური ენა – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ავესტური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Авесталық тіл – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Авесталық тіл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Авеста кыв – kome" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Авеста кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="kome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_avestay%C3%AE" title="Zimanê avestayî – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê avestayî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Авеста тили – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Авеста тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Avestana" title="Lingua Avestana – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Avestana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesta_(valoda)" title="Avesta (valoda) – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Avesta (valoda)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestos_kalba" title="Avestos kalba – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Avestos kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestan_(lingua)" title="Avestan (lingua) – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Avestan (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avesztai_nyelv" title="Avesztai nyelv – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Avesztai nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Авестиски јазик – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Авестиски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_avestika" title="Fiteny avestika – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny avestika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="അവെസ്താൻ ഭാഷ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അവെസ്താൻ ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अवेस्तन भाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अवेस्तन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%87" title="اوستيه – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوستيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8E%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9_%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="اَویستاک زه‌وون – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اَویستاک زه‌وون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Avesta" title="Bahasa Avesta – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Avesta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Авестиень кяль – moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Авестиень кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestisch" title="Avestisch – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Avestisch" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अवेस्ताली भाषा – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अवेस्ताली भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अवेस्तन भाषा – newariska" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अवेस्तन भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="アヴェスター語 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アヴェスター語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestisk" title="Avestisk – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Avestisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestisk" title="Avestisk – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Avestisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਅਵੇਸਤਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਵੇਸਤਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="اویستائی بولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اویستائی بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="اوستايي ژبه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوستايي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6" title="ភាសាអាវេស្តា – kambodjanska" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាអាវេស្តា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kambodjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Av%C3%A9stich" title="Avéstich – piemontesiska" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Avéstich" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_awestyjski" title="Język awestyjski – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język awestyjski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_av%C3%A9stica" title="Língua avéstica – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua avéstica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_avestic%C4%83" title="Limba avestică – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba avestică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Авестийский язык – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Авестийский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestan" title="Avestan – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Avestan" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%A4%DB%8E%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="زمانی ئاڤێستایی – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ئاڤێستایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Авестански језик – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Авестански језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestanski_jezik" title="Avestanski jezik – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Avestanski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestan_kieli" title="Avestan kieli – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avestan kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Avestan" title="Wikang Avestan – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Avestan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="அவெஸ்தான் மொழி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அவெஸ்தான் மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Авеста теле – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Авеста теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0" title="ภาษาอเวสตะ – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาอเวสตะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D3%A3" title="Забони авестоӣ – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони авестоӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestaca" title="Avestaca – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Avestaca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awesta_dili" title="Awesta dili – turkmeniska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Awesta dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Авестійська мова – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Авестійська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اوستائی زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اوستائی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Avesta" title="Tiếng Avesta – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Avesta" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E8%AF%AD" title="阿维斯陀语 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿维斯陀语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E6%96%87" title="阿維斯陀文 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿維斯陀文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ew%C4%B1stki" title="Ewıstki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ewıstki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E8%AA%9E" title="阿維斯陀語 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿維斯陀語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avest%C9%99_zyvon" title="Avestə zyvon – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Avestə zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q29572#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avestiska" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Avestiska" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avestiska"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Avestiska" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Avestiska" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&oldid=54026948" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Avestiska&id=54026948&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAvestiska"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAvestiska"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Avestiska"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Avestiska&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Avestan_language" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q29572" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-size:130%;background:#c9ffd9;">Avestiska</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;background:#c9ffd9;">Zand<br />Pazand</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Region</th><td class="" style="">Östra <a href="/wiki/Stor-Iran" title="Stor-Iran">Stor-Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Språkfamilj</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Indoeuropeiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Indoeuropeiska språk">Indoeuropeiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Indoiranska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Indoiranska språk">Indoiranska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Iranska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Iranska språk">Iranska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Avestiska</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#c9ffd9;">Språkkoder</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐1</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?iso_639_1=ae">ae</a></span></kbd></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐2</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID=36">ave</a></span></kbd></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐3</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ave" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:ave">ave</a></kbd></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Avestiska</b> (tidigare även kallat <i>zand</i> eller <i>pazand</i>) är ett <a href="/wiki/Iranska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Iranska språk">forniranskt</a> <a href="/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk">språk</a> som tillhör den indoeuropeiska språkfamiljen, varifrån <a href="/wiki/Vediska" title="Vediska">vediska</a> (vedisk <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskrit</a>) och avestiska uppkommit. Språkutvecklingen indelas i fornavestiska (<a href="/wiki/Engelska_spr%C3%A5ket" class="mw-redirect" title="Engelska språket">engelska</a>: <i>Old Avestan</i>) och yngre avestiska (<i>Younger Avestan</i>). </p><p>Avestiska hämtar sitt namn från <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrism" title="Zoroastrism">zoroastrismens</a> heliga skrift <a href="/wiki/Avesta_(religi%C3%B6s_skrift)" title="Avesta (religiös skrift)"><i>Avesta</i></a> som tillkom någon gång under slutet av <a href="/wiki/1000-talet_f.Kr._(millennium)" title="1000-talet f.Kr. (millennium)">andra årtusendet f.Kr</a>. De äldsta avsnitten av Avesta anses författade av profeten <a href="/wiki/Zarathustra" title="Zarathustra">Zarathustra</a> själv och kallas <a href="/wiki/Gatha" title="Gatha">Gatha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Förutom Gatha är även <i><a href="/wiki/Yasna_Haptanghaiti" title="Yasna Haptanghaiti">Yasna Haptanghaiti</a></i> (Dyrkan i sju kapitel) och de fyra heligaste bönerna skrivna på fornavestiska. På <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yngre_avestiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yngre avestiska [inte skriven än]">yngre avestiska</a> finns en rik religiös litteratur, däribland de så kallade <i><a href="/wiki/Yasht" title="Yasht">yashterna</a></i>, som innehåller idémässigt stoff från gammaliransk (dvs. förzoroastrisk) religion. Avesta skrevs ned på <a href="/wiki/Sasanider" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasanider">sasanidisk</a> tid (226-640 e.Kr.). </p><p>Avestiska är nära besläktat med <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">vedisk sanskrit</a> och med <a href="/wiki/Fornpersiska" title="Fornpersiska">fornpersiska</a> som var <a href="/wiki/Riksspr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Riksspråk">riksspråk</a> i det <a href="/wiki/Akemenider" class="mw-redirect" title="Akemenider">akemenidiska riket</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enligt den norske iranisten <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_Munthe_af_Morgenstierne" title="Georg von Munthe af Morgenstierne">Georg von Munthe af Morgenstierne</a> kan avestiska vara en föregångare till dagens <a href="/wiki/Pashto" title="Pashto">pashto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den avestiska litteraturen bevarades <a href="/wiki/Muntlig_tradition" title="Muntlig tradition">muntligt</a> fram till <a href="/wiki/Sasanider" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasanider">sasanidisk</a> tid då det <a href="/wiki/Avestiska_alfabetet" title="Avestiska alfabetet">avestiska alfabetet</a> skapades. Språket är i dag utdött som <a href="/wiki/Talspr%C3%A5k" title="Talspråk">talspråk</a>, men fungerar som sakralt och <a href="/wiki/Liturgiskt" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgiskt">liturgiskt</a> språk inom <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrism" title="Zoroastrism">zoroastrismen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avesta_(religi%C3%B6s_skrift)" title="Avesta (religiös skrift)">Avesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avestiska_alfabetet" title="Avestiska alfabetet">Avestiska alfabetet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatha" title="Gatha">Gatha</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text">J. Kellens, Avesta. The Holy Book of the Zoroastrians, <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text">K. Hoffmann, Avestan Language. III. The grammar of Avestan, <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>: "The morphology of Avestan nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and verbs is, like that of the closely related Old Persian, inherited from Proto-Indo-European via Proto-Indo-Iranian (Proto-Aryan), and agrees largely with that of Vedic, the oldest known form of Indo-Aryan. The interpretation of the transmitted Avestan texts presents in many cases considerable difficulty for various reasons, both with respect to their contexts and their grammar. Accordingly, systematic comparison with Vedic is of much assistance in determining and explaining Avestan grammatical forms."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Morgenstierne, G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-vi-pasto">Encyclopaedia Iranica: AFGHANISTAN vi. Paṧto</a> "it seems that the Old Iranic ancestor dialect of Paṧtō must have been close to that of the Gathas."</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zoroastrism.wordpress.com/avesta/">Zoroastrismen - Goda tankar, goda ord, goda handlingar</a> "Vad är Gatha och Avesta?"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avesta.org/language/Combined_Avesta_Grammar.pdf">Teach Yourself Avesta Langauge</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ave">Ethnologue</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avesta.org">Avesta -- Zoroastrian Archives</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/330px-Faravahar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/440px-Faravahar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Amesha Spenta</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ameretat" title="Ameretat">Ameretat</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Amesha_Spenta" title="Amesha Spenta">Amesha Spenta</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Armaiti" title="Armaiti">Armaiti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Asha_(Zoroastrism)" title="Asha (Zoroastrism)">Asha</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Haurvatat" title="Haurvatat">Haurvatat</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kshathra" title="Kshathra">Kshathra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vohu_Manah" title="Vohu Manah">Vohu Manah</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Personligheter</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I_Papagan" title="Ardashir I Papagan">Ardashir I Papagan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vishtaspa" title="Vishtaspa">Atossa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Daqiqi" title="Daqiqi">Daqiqi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dareios_I" title="Dareios I">Dareios I</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gayomard" title="Gayomard">Gayomard</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Khusrov_I" title="Khusrov I">Khusrov I</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Masya_och_Masyane" title="Masya och Masyane">Masya och Masyane</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rostam" title="Rostam">Rostam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Saoshyant" class="mw-redirect" title="Saoshyant">Saoshyant</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shapur_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapur I">Shapur I</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vishtaspa" title="Vishtaspa">Vishtaspa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Yima" title="Yima">Yima</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zarathustra" title="Zarathustra">Zarathustra</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Litteratur</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Avesta_(religi%C3%B6s_skrift)" title="Avesta (religiös skrift)">Avesta</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Avestiska</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Gatha" title="Gatha">Gatha</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pahlavilitteraturen" title="Pahlavilitteraturen">Pahlavilitteraturen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Shahnameh" title="Shahnameh">Shahnameh</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A5_talade_Zarathustra" title="Så talade Zarathustra">Så talade Zarathustra</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Vendidad" title="Vendidad">Vendidad</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Yasna" title="Yasna">Yasna</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Yasht" title="Yasht">Yasht'erna</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Yasna_Haptanghaiti" title="Yasna Haptanghaiti">Yasna Haptanghaiti</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Ritualer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Haoma" title="Haoma">Haoma</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kushti" title="Kushti">Kushti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">Mantra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Navjote" title="Navjote">Navjote</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tystnadens_torn" title="Tystnadens torn">Tystnadens torn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Yasna" title="Yasna">Yasna</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Folkreligion och mytologi</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Asmodeus" title="Asmodeus">Aeshema</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anahita" title="Anahita">Anahita</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Atar" title="Atar">Atar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Farvahar" title="Farvahar">Farvahar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mithra" title="Mithra">Mithra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Persisk_mytologi" title="Persisk mytologi">Persisk mytologi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Simurgh" title="Simurgh">Simurgh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zahhak" title="Zahhak">Zahhak</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zurvan" title="Zurvan">Zurvan</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Historia och geografi</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Takht-e_Soleyman" title="Takht-e Soleyman">Adur Gushnasp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Akemenider" class="mw-redirect" title="Akemenider">Akemenider</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Airyanem_Vaejah" title="Airyanem Vaejah">Airyanem Vaejah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Chak_chak" title="Chak chak">Chak chak</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Cypressen_i_Abarkuh" title="Cypressen i Abarkuh">Cypressen i Abarkuh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Cypressen_i_Kashmar" title="Cypressen i Kashmar">Cypressen i Kashmar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Demavend" title="Demavend">Demavend</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Elburz" title="Elburz">Elburz</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gundishapurakademin" title="Gundishapurakademin">Gundishapurakademin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kartir" title="Kartir">Kartir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mager" title="Mager">Mager</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mazdakism" title="Mazdakism">Mazdakism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mobed" title="Mobed">Mobed</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Navsari" title="Navsari">Navsari</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Parsism" title="Parsism">Parsism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Parther" class="mw-redirect" title="Parther">Parther</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Persiska_riket" title="Persiska riket">Persiska riket</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sasanider" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasanider">Sasanider</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tansar" title="Tansar">Tansar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vorukasha" title="Vorukasha">Vorukasha</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Yazd_Atash_Behram" title="Yazd Atash Behram">Yazd Atash Behram</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Högtider</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mehregan" title="Mehregan">Mehregan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nouruz" title="Nouruz">Nouruz</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Persiska_kalendern" title="Persiska kalendern">Persiska kalendern</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shab-e_Yalda" title="Shab-e Yalda">Shab-e Yalda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tirgan" title="Tirgan">Tirgan</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Forskare och kännare<br /> av zoroastrismen</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Carl_Andreas" title="Friedrich Carl Andreas">Friedrich Carl Andreas</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Hyacinthe_Anquetil-Duperron" title="Abraham Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron">Abraham Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Boyce" title="Mary Boyce">Mary Boyce</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Christensen" title="Arthur Christensen">Arthur Christensen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Franz_Cumont" title="Franz Cumont">Franz Cumont</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ashk_Dahl%C3%A9n" title="Ashk Dahlén">Ashk Dahlén</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Duchesne-Guillemin" title="Jacques Duchesne-Guillemin">Jacques Duchesne-Guillemin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sven_S._Hartman" title="Sven S. Hartman">Sven S. Hartman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anders_Hultg%C3%A5rd" title="Anders Hultgård">Anders Hultgård</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Williams_Jackson" title="Williams Jackson">Williams Jackson</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Lehmann_(religionshistoriker)" title="Edvard Lehmann (religionshistoriker)">Edvard Lehmann</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Meillet" title="Antoine Meillet">Antoine Meillet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/H.S._Nyberg" title="H.S. Nyberg">H.S. Nyberg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Pourdavoud" title="Ebrahim Pourdavoud">Ebrahim Pourdavoud</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bernfried_Schlerath" title="Bernfried Schlerath">Bernfried Schlerath</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Prods_Oktor_Skj%C3%A6rv%C3%B8" title="Prods Oktor Skjærvø">Prods Oktor Skjærvø</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Spiegel" title="Friedrich Spiegel">Friedrich Spiegel</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stausberg" title="Michael Stausberg">Michael Stausberg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom" title="Nathan Söderblom">Nathan Söderblom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Niels_Ludvig_Westergaard" title="Niels Ludvig Westergaard">Niels Ludvig Westergaard</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Geo_Widengren" title="Geo Widengren">Geo Widengren</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Stig_Wikander" title="Stig Wikander">Stig Wikander</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Ehsan Yarshater</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Internationell spridning</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrism_i_Sverige" title="Zoroastrism i Sverige">Sverige</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&oldid=54026948">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Avestiska&oldid=54026948</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Iranska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Kategori:Iranska språk">Iranska språk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Spr%C3%A5k_i_Iran" title="Kategori:Språk i Iran">Språk i Iran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Zoroastrism" title="Kategori:Zoroastrism">Zoroastrism</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 17 oktober 2023 kl. 10.28.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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