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dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:000_Cremation_shirt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/000_Cremation_shirt.jpg/220px-000_Cremation_shirt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/000_Cremation_shirt.jpg/330px-000_Cremation_shirt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/000_Cremation_shirt.jpg/440px-000_Cremation_shirt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="687" /></a><figcaption>A man holding a phan with the outer robe of a <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_monk" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist monk">Buddhist monk</a> during a cremation in Wat Khung Taphao, <a href="/wiki/Ban_Khung_Taphao" title="Ban Khung Taphao">Ban Khung Taphao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttaradit_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Uttaradit Province">Uttaradit Province</a>, Thailand.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Phan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a>: <span lang="th">พาน</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="th-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai" title="Help:IPA/Thai">[pʰāːn]</a></span>) is an artistically decorated <a href="/wiki/Tray" title="Tray">tray</a> with <a href="/wiki/Pedestal" title="Pedestal">pedestal</a>. It is common in <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_(tray)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A phan is normally round and comes in different sizes. The usual measures range between a diameter of 20 cm to about 50 cm. It is more or less deep. </p><p>Phans are usually made of metal such as <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, silver, <a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a>, or steel. Nowadays <a href="/wiki/Aluminum" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminum">aluminum</a> or gilded plastic is generally used, which makes the phan lighter. This is convenient, for sometimes they have to be carried for a long time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tradition">Tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_(tray)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_(004).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_%28004%29.jpg/220px-1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_%28004%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_%28004%29.jpg/330px-1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_%28004%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_%28004%29.jpg/440px-1932_Constitution_of_Siam_-_2017-01-26_%28004%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Thailand" title="Constitution of Thailand">Thai constitution of 1932</a>, placed on a two-tiered phan, displayed at the <a href="/wiki/Thai_Parliament_Museum" title="Thai Parliament Museum">Thai Parliament Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg/220px-Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg/330px-Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg/440px-Dedicate_to_the_Buddhist_priest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1686" data-file-height="1282" /></a><figcaption>A phan in the forefront.</figcaption></figure> <p>The phan trays are traditionally very important in <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Thailand" title="Culture of Thailand">Thai culture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Cambodia" title="Culture of Cambodia">Cambodian culture</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Laos" title="Culture of Laos">Lao culture</a>. Phans are generally used for ritual devotional practices and offerings may be placed on phans by the shrines. Phans are also used for containing other highly important things, including legal documents such as the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Thailand" title="Constitution of Thailand">constitution</a>, or offerings to royalty. </p><p>Phans are also used to bring the items of the <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> ceremony for young men who are to be <a href="/wiki/Pabbajja" class="mw-redirect" title="Pabbajja">ordained</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bhikkhu" title="Bhikkhu">monks</a>, like robes, <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a>, candles and a pillow, among other items. In this case the family first displays all the items in the house, and then family members bring the items on decorated phans from the home to the temple. They are also used in traditional marriage ceremonies, especially in variants of the groom's parade to the bridal house to carrying symbolic offerings for the bride's dowry. </p><p>Formerly, when the chewing of <a href="/wiki/Areca_nut" title="Areca nut">areca nut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betel" title="Betel">betel</a> was common among Thai, Lao, and Khmer people, the ingredients for chewing, (including the nuts, leaves, spices and instruments for cutting) were presented on a phan to the guest entering the house as part of a traditional welcoming ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the story of the "Seven Nang <a href="/wiki/Songkran" class="mw-redirect" title="Songkran">Songkrans</a>", Thao Kabinlaphrom, a mythical being, had to cut off his own head to perform a ceremonial salute to Thammaban Kuman. The problem was that if his head fell to the earth, it would scorch it. If it went up into the air, there would be no rain, and if it fell into the sea, the waters would dry up. So he decided to order his daughter to bring a phan, where he would place his head after having cut it off. Thus she could carry the head in a ritual procession across the heavens around Khao Phra Sumen (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Sumeru" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Sumeru">Mount Sumeru</a>), following which she would keep it in a cave in Khao Krailat (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Kailash" title="Mount Kailash">Mount Kailash</a>). This ceremony would be performed yearly by one of the seven daughters in turn, the Nang Songkrans.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other">Other</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_(tray)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"พอ พาน", (pho phan) is also used as an illustration in order to name the letter พ, the 30th consonant of the <a href="/wiki/Thai_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai alphabet">Thai alphabet</a>, according to the traditional letter symbols Thai children use to memorize the alphabet.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Phu_Phan_mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Phu Phan mountains">Phu Phan mountains</a> (Thai: ทิวเขาภูพาน) are named after this tray because their silhouette is flat on the top.</li> <li>A two-tiered phan appears in the centre of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Arms_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Arms of Cambodia">Royal Arms of Cambodia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_(tray)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Thailand" title="Culture of Thailand">Culture of Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_tok" class="mw-redirect" title="Khan tok">Khan tok</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_(tray)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Phan">Phan</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">P.A. Reichart and H. P. Philipsen, <i>Betel and Miang: Vanishing Thai Habits</i> White Lotus, Bangkok 2005 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-974-480-073-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-974-480-073-2">978-974-480-073-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thailandlives.com/traditional04_eng.php">Nang Songkrans story</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111007204027/http://www.thailandlives.com/traditional04_eng.php">Archived</a> 2011-10-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thailandbuddy.com/learning-thai-language/Alphabet-Graffiti-Letters.html">Thai alphabet in Letters</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phan_(tray)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.viapu.com/20-stylish-ideas-for-ottoman-tray/">Stylish Ideas for Ottoman Tray</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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