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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rise and divergence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rise_and_divergence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Standardization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-GitHub_Flavored_Markdown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#GitHub_Flavored_Markdown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>GitHub Flavored Markdown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-GitHub_Flavored_Markdown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Markdown_Extra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Markdown_Extra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Markdown Extra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Markdown_Extra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Implementations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implementations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Implementations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Implementations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Markdown</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86" title="ماركداون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماركداون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8" title="মার্কডাউন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মার্কডাউন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86" title="مارک‌داون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مارک‌داون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%81%AC%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B4" title="마크다운 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마크다운" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="มาร์กดาวน์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาร์กดาวน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" title="Markdown – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Markdown" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1193600#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the marketing term, see <a href="/wiki/Price_markdown" title="Price markdown">Price markdown</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;">Markdown</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Markdown-mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/175px-Markdown-mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/263px-Markdown-mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/350px-Markdown-mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extensions</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><div class="monospaced"> <code>.md</code>, <code>.markdown</code><sup id="cite_ref-df-2022_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-df-2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>text/markdown</code><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>net.daringfireball.markdown</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">John Gruber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">March 9, 2004<span class="noprint"> (21 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2004-03-09</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-markdown-swartz_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-markdown-swartz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gruber-2004-release_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gruber-2004-release-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">1.0.1<br />December 17, 2004<span class="noprint"> (20 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2004-12-17</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-md_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-md-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Open_file_format" title="Open file format">Open file format</a><sup id="cite_ref-license_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-license-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Pandoc" title="Pandoc">pandoc</a>, <a href="/wiki/MultiMarkdown" title="MultiMarkdown">MultiMarkdown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Markdown_Extra" class="mw-redirect" title="Markdown Extra">Markdown Extra</a>, <a href="#Standardization">CommonMark</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-rfc7764_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/RMarkdown" class="mw-redirect" title="RMarkdown">RMarkdown</a><sup id="cite_ref-RMarkdown_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RMarkdown-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">daringfireball<wbr />.net<wbr />/projects<wbr />/markdown<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Markdown</b><sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Lightweight_markup_language" title="Lightweight markup language">lightweight markup language</a> for creating <a href="/wiki/Formatted_text" title="Formatted text">formatted text</a> using a <a href="/wiki/Text_editor" title="Text editor">plain-text editor</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">John Gruber</a> created Markdown in 2004 as an easy-to-read <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Markdown is widely used for <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogging</a> and <a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a>, and also used elsewhere in <a href="/wiki/Online_forums" class="mw-redirect" title="Online forums">online forums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collaborative_software" title="Collaborative software">collaborative software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Documentation" title="Documentation">documentation</a> pages, and <a href="/wiki/README" title="README">readme files</a>. </p><p>The initial description of Markdown<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contained ambiguities and raised unanswered questions, causing implementations to both intentionally and accidentally diverge from the original version. This was addressed in 2014 when long-standing Markdown contributors released <a href="#Standardization">CommonMark</a>, an unambiguous specification and test suite for Markdown.<sup id="cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FutureOfMarkdown-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Markdown was inspired by pre-existing <a href="/wiki/Convention_(norm)" title="Convention (norm)">conventions</a> for marking up <a href="/wiki/Plain_text" title="Plain text">plain text</a> in <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">email</a> and <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">usenet</a> posts,<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as the earlier markup languages <a href="/wiki/Setext" title="Setext">setext</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1992</span>), <a href="/wiki/Textile_(markup_language)" title="Textile (markup language)">Textile</a> (c. 2002), and <a href="/wiki/ReStructuredText" title="ReStructuredText">reStructuredText</a> (c. 2002).<sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002 <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a> created <a href="/wiki/Atx_(markup_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atx (markup language)">atx</a> and referred to it as "the true structured text format". Gruber created the Markdown language in 2004 with Swartz as his "sounding board".<sup id="cite_ref-Gruber_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gruber-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goal of the language was to enable people "to write using an easy-to-read and easy-to-write plain text format, optionally convert it to structurally valid <a href="/wiki/XHTML" title="XHTML">XHTML</a> (or <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>)".<sup id="cite_ref-md_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-md-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another key design goal was <i>readability</i>, that the language be readable as-is, without looking like it has been marked up with tags or formatting instructions,<sup id="cite_ref-philosophy_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unlike text formatted with "heavier" <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup languages</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" title="Rich Text Format">Rich Text Format</a> (RTF), HTML, or even <a href="/wiki/Wikitext" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikitext">wikitext</a> (each of which have obvious in-line tags and formatting instructions which can make the text more difficult for humans to read). </p><p>Gruber wrote a <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> script, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">Markdown.pl</code>, which converts marked-up text input to valid, <a href="/wiki/Well-formed_document" title="Well-formed document">well-formed</a> XHTML or HTML, encoding angle brackets (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><</code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">></code>) and <a href="/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand">ampersands</a> (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">&</code>), which would be misinterpreted as special characters in those languages. It can take the role of a standalone script, a plugin for <a href="/wiki/Blosxom" title="Blosxom">Blosxom</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Movable_Type" title="Movable Type">Movable Type</a>, or of a text filter for <a href="/wiki/BBEdit" title="BBEdit">BBEdit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-md_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-md-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rise_and_divergence">Rise and divergence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rise and divergence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As Markdown's popularity grew rapidly, many Markdown <a href="/wiki/Implementation" title="Implementation">implementations</a> appeared, driven mostly by the need for additional features such as <a href="/wiki/Table_(information)" title="Table (information)">tables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Note_(typography)" title="Note (typography)">footnotes</a>, definition lists,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Markdown inside HTML blocks. </p><p>The behavior of some of these diverged from the reference implementation, as Markdown was only characterised by an informal <a href="/wiki/Specification_(technical_standard)" title="Specification (technical standard)">specification</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> implementation for conversion to HTML. </p><p>At the same time, a number of ambiguities in the informal specification had attracted attention.<sup id="cite_ref-gfm_on_github-why_spec_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gfm_on_github-why_spec-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These issues spurred the creation of tools such as Babelmark<sup id="cite_ref-babelmark-2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babelmark-2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-babelmark-3_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babelmark-3-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to compare the output of various implementations,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an effort by some developers of Markdown <a href="/wiki/Parsing" title="Parsing">parsers</a> for standardisation. However, Gruber has argued that complete standardization would be a mistake: "Different sites (and people) have different needs. No one syntax would make all happy."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gruber avoided using curly braces in Markdown to unofficially reserve them for implementation-specific extensions.<sup id="cite_ref-curlyBraces_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curlyBraces-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standardization">Standardization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Standardization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;">CommonMark</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Markdown-mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/175px-Markdown-mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/263px-Markdown-mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Markdown-mark.svg/350px-Markdown-mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extensions</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>.md</code>, <code>.markdown</code><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7763_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>text/markdown; variant=CommonMark</code><sup id="cite_ref-rfc7764_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><i>uncertain</i><sup id="cite_ref-cm-uti_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cm-uti-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">UTI conformation</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">public.plain-text</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/John_MacFarlane_(philosopher)" title="John MacFarlane (philosopher)">John MacFarlane</a>, open source</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">October 25, 2014<span class="noprint"> (10 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2014-10-25</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">0.31.2<br />January 28, 2024<span class="noprint"> (13 months ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-01-28</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-cm-spec_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cm-spec-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Open_file_format" title="Open file format">Open file format</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">Markdown</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">GitHub Flavored Markdown</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonmark.org/">commonmark<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spec.commonmark.org/">spec<wbr />.commonmark<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From 2012, a group of people, including <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Atwood" title="Jeff Atwood">Jeff Atwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_MacFarlane_(philosopher)" title="John MacFarlane (philosopher)">John MacFarlane</a>, launched what Atwood characterised as a standardisation effort.<sup id="cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FutureOfMarkdown-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A community website now aims to "document various tools and resources available to document authors and developers, as well as implementors of the various Markdown implementations".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2014, Gruber objected to the usage of "Markdown" in the name of this effort and it was rebranded as CommonMark.<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CommonMark.org published several versions of a specification, reference implementation, test suite, and "[plans] to announce a finalized 1.0 spec and test suite in 2019".<sup id="cite_ref-commonmark.org_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commonmark.org-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No 1.0 spec has since been released, as major issues still remain unsolved.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nonetheless, the following websites and projects have adopted CommonMark: <a href="/wiki/Discourse_(software)" title="Discourse (software)">Discourse</a>, <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>, <a href="/wiki/GitLab" title="GitLab">GitLab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stack_Exchange" title="Stack Exchange">Stack Exchange</a> (<a href="/wiki/Stack_Overflow" title="Stack Overflow">Stack Overflow</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Swift_(programming_language)" title="Swift (programming language)">Swift</a>. </p><p>In March 2016, two relevant informational Internet <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFCs</a> were published: </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style>RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7763">7763</a> introduced <a href="/wiki/MIME" title="MIME">MIME</a> type <small><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">text/markdown</code></small>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" />RFC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7764">7764</a> discussed and registered the variants <a href="/wiki/MultiMarkdown" title="MultiMarkdown">MultiMarkdown</a>, GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM), <a href="/wiki/Pandoc" title="Pandoc">Pandoc</a>, and Markdown Extra among others.<sup id="cite_ref-IANA_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IANA-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Websites like <a href="/wiki/Bitbucket" title="Bitbucket">Bitbucket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diaspora_(social_network)" title="Diaspora (social network)">Diaspora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discord" title="Discord">Discord</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-gfm_on_github_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gfm_on_github-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/SourceForge" title="SourceForge">SourceForge</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Stack_Exchange" title="Stack Exchange">Stack Exchange</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> use variants of Markdown to make discussions between users easier. </p><p>Depending on implementation, basic inline <a href="/wiki/HTML_tag" class="mw-redirect" title="HTML tag">HTML tags</a> may be supported.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Italic text may be implemented by <code>_underscores_</code> or <code>*single-asterisks*</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-italic_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italic-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GitHub_Flavored_Markdown">GitHub Flavored Markdown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: GitHub Flavored Markdown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GitHub had been using its own variant of Markdown since as early as 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which added support for additional formatting such as tables and nesting <a href="/wiki/HTML_element#Block_elements" title="HTML element">block content</a> inside list elements, as well as GitHub-specific features such as auto-linking references to commits, issues, usernames, etc. </p><p>In 2017, GitHub released a formal specification of its GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM) that is based on CommonMark.<sup id="cite_ref-gfm_on_github_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gfm_on_github-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Superset" class="mw-redirect" title="Superset">strict superset</a> of CommonMark, following its specification exactly except for tables, <a href="/wiki/Strikethrough" title="Strikethrough">strikethrough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automatic_hyperlinking" title="Automatic hyperlinking">autolinks</a> and task lists, which GFM adds as extensions.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Accordingly, GitHub also changed the parser used on their sites, which required that some documents be changed. For instance, GFM now requires that the <a href="/wiki/Number_sign" title="Number sign">hash symbol</a> that creates a heading be separated from the heading text by a space character. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Markdown_Extra">Markdown Extra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Markdown Extra"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Markdown Extra is a <a href="/wiki/Lightweight_markup_language" title="Lightweight markup language">lightweight markup language</a> based on Markdown implemented in <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> (originally), <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fortin-2018_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fortin-2018-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It adds the following features that are not available with regular Markdown: </p> <ul><li>Markdown markup inside <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> blocks</li> <li>Elements with id/class attribute</li> <li>"Fenced code blocks" that span multiple lines of code</li> <li>Tables<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Definition lists</li> <li>Footnotes</li> <li>Abbreviations</li></ul> <p>Markdown Extra is supported in some <a href="/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">content management systems</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Drupal" title="Drupal">Drupal</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Grav_(CMS)" title="Grav (CMS)">Grav (CMS)</a> and <a href="/wiki/TYPO3" title="TYPO3">TYPO3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="33%">Text using Markdown syntax </th> <th width="34%">Corresponding HTML produced by a Markdown processor </th> <th width="33%">Text viewed in a browser </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="gh">Heading</span> <span class="gh">=======</span> <span class="gu">Sub-heading</span> <span class="gu">-----------</span> <span class="gh"># Alternative heading</span> <span class="gu">## Alternative sub-heading</span> Paragraphs are separated by a blank line. Two spaces at the end of a line produce a line break. </pre></div> </td> <td> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span>Heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span>Sub-heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span>Alternative heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span>Alternative sub-heading<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Paragraphs are separated by a blank line.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Two spaces at the end of a line<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/></span> produce a line break.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> </td> <td><div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.8em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Heading</div> <div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Sub-heading</div> <div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.8em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Alternative heading</div> <div style="overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;">Alternative sub-heading</div> <p>Paragraphs are separated by a blank line. </p><p>Two spaces at the end of a line<br /> produce a line break. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>Text attributes <span class="ge">_italic_</span>, <span class="gs">**bold**</span>, <span class="sb">`monospace`</span>. Horizontal rule: --- </pre></div> </td> <td> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Text attributes <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">></span>italic<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">em</span><span class="p">></span>, <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">></span>bold<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">strong</span><span class="p">></span>, <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">></span>monospace<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">code</span><span class="p">></span>.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Horizontal rule:<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">hr</span> <span class="p">/></span> </pre></div> </td> <td>Text attributes <i>italic</i>, <b>bold</b>, <code>monospace</code>.<p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p>Horizontal rule: </p> <hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>Bullet lists nested within numbered list: <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">1.</span> fruits <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">*</span><span class="w"> </span>apple <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">*</span><span class="w"> </span>banana <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">2.</span> vegetables <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">-</span><span class="w"> </span>carrot <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">-</span><span class="w"> </span>broccoli </pre></div> </td> <td> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Bullet lists nested within numbered list:<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>fruits <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>apple<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>banana<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>vegetables <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>carrot<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span>broccoli<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">ul</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">li</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> </td> <td>Bullet lists nested within numbered list: <ol><li>fruits <ul><li>apple</li> <li>banana</li></ul></li> <li>vegetables <ul><li>carrot</li> <li>broccoli</li></ul></li></ol> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-md mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>A [<span class="nt">link</span>](<span class="na">http://example.com</span>). ![<span class="nt">Image</span>](<span class="na">Icon-pictures.png "icon"</span>) <span class="k">> </span><span class="ge">Markdown uses email-style</span> characters for blockquoting. <span class="k">></span> <span class="ge">> Multiple paragraphs need to be prepended individually.</span> Most inline <abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr> tags are supported. </pre></div> </td> <td> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>A <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://example.com"</span><span class="p">></span>link<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">></span>.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">><</span><span class="nt">img</span> <span class="na">alt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Image"</span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"icon"</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Icon-pictures.png"</span> <span class="p">/></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Markdown uses email-style characters for blockquoting.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Multiple paragraphs need to be prepended individually.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">blockquote</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>Most inline <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">abbr</span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Hypertext Markup Language"</span><span class="p">></span>HTML<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">abbr</span><span class="p">></span> tags are supported.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> </td> <td>A <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://example.com/">link</a>. <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="icon"><img alt="Image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Icon-pictures.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="59" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="65" data-file-height="59" /></span></span> </p> <blockquote> <p>Markdown uses email-style characters for blockquoting. </p><p>Multiple paragraphs need to be prepended individually. </p> </blockquote> <p>Most inline <abbr title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</abbr> tags are supported. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementations">Implementations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Implementations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Implementations of Markdown are available for over a dozen <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a>; in addition, many <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">applications</a>, platforms and <a href="/wiki/Software_framework" title="Software framework">frameworks</a> support Markdown.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, Markdown <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugins</a> exist for every major <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogging</a> platform.<sup id="cite_ref-ArsTechnica2014_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArsTechnica2014-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Markdown is a minimal markup language and is read and edited with a normal <a href="/wiki/Text_editor" title="Text editor">text editor</a>, there are specially designed editors that preview the files with styles, which are available for all major platforms. Many general-purpose text and <a href="/wiki/Source-code_editor" title="Source-code editor">code editors</a> have <a href="/wiki/Syntax_highlighting" title="Syntax highlighting">syntax highlighting</a> plugins for Markdown built into them or available as optional download. Editors may feature a side-by-side preview window or render the code directly in a <a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a> fashion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_document_markup_languages" title="Comparison of document markup languages">Comparison of document markup languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_documentation_generators" title="Comparison of documentation generators">Comparison of documentation generators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_markup_language" title="Lightweight markup language">Lightweight markup language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Wiki markup</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Technically HTML description lists</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-df-2022-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-df-2022_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber,_John2014" class="citation web cs1">Gruber, John (8 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/linked/2014/01/08/markdown-extension">"The Markdown File Extension"</a>. The Daring Fireball Company, LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200712120733/https://daringfireball.net/linked/2014/01/08/markdown-extension">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>Too late now, I suppose, but the only file extension I would endorse is ".markdown", for the same reason offered by Hilton Lipschitz: <i>We no longer live in a 8.3 world, so we should be using the most descriptive file extensions. It's sad that all our operating systems rely on this stupid convention instead of the better creator code or a metadata model, but great that they now support longer file extensions.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Markdown+File+Extension&rft.pub=The+Daring+Fireball+Company%2C+LLC&rft.date=2014-01-08&rft.au=Gruber%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Flinked%2F2014%2F01%2F08%2Fmarkdown-extension&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc7763-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7763_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeonard,_Sean2016" class="citation journal cs1">Leonard, Sean (March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7763">"The text/markdown Media Type"</a>. <i>Request for Comments: 7763</i>. Internet Engineering Task Force. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220322001232/https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7763">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>This document registers the text/markdown media type for use with Markdown, a family of plain-text formatting syntaxes that optionally can be converted to formal markup languages such as HTML.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Request+for+Comments%3A+7763&rft.atitle=The+text%2Fmarkdown+Media+Type&rft.date=2016-03&rft.au=Leonard%2C+Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc7763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-markdown-swartz-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-markdown-swartz_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSwartz2004" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Swartz, Aaron</a> (2004-03-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/001189">"Markdown"</a>. <i>Aaron Swartz: The Weblog</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171224200232/http://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/001189">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-12-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aaron+Swartz%3A+The+Weblog&rft.atitle=Markdown&rft.date=2004-03-19&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaronsw.com%2Fweblog%2F001189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gruber-2004-release-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gruber-2004-release_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">Gruber, John</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040311230924/https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/index.text">"Markdown"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daring_Fireball" class="mw-redirect" title="Daring Fireball">Daring Fireball</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/index.text">the original</a> on 2004-03-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daring+Fireball&rft.atitle=Markdown&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Findex.text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-md-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-md_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-md_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-md_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Markdown 1.0.1 readme source code <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040402182332/http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">"Daring Fireball – Markdown"</a>. 2004-12-17. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">the original</a> on 2004-04-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daring+Fireball+%E2%80%93+Markdown&rft.date=2004-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-license-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-license_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/license">"Markdown: License"</a>. Daring Fireball. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218183533/https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/license">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Markdown%3A+License&rft.pub=Daring+Fireball&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Flicense&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rfc7764-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7764_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rfc7764_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeonard,_Sean2016" class="citation journal cs1">Leonard, Sean (March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7764">"Guidance on Markdown: Design Philosophies, Stability Strategies, and Select Registrations"</a>. <i>Request for Comments: 7764</i>. Internet Engineering Task Force. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417115136/https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7764">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>This document elaborates upon the text/markdown media type for use with Markdown, a family of plain-text formatting syntaxes that optionally can be converted to formal markup languages such as HTML. Background information, local storage strategies, and additional syntax registrations are supplied.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Request+for+Comments%3A+7764&rft.atitle=Guidance+on+Markdown%3A+Design+Philosophies%2C+Stability+Strategies%2C+and+Select+Registrations&rft.date=2016-03&rft.au=Leonard%2C+Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc7764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RMarkdown-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RMarkdown_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">"RMarkdown Reference site"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200303054734/https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RMarkdown+Reference+site&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frmarkdown.rstudio.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-philosophy-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-philosophy_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Markdown Syntax <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy">"Daring Fireball – Markdown – Syntax"</a>. 2013-06-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daring+Fireball+%E2%80%93+Markdown+%E2%80%93+Syntax&rft.date=2013-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Fprojects%2Fmarkdown%2Fsyntax%23philosophy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span> "Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking like it's been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML filters — including Setext, atx, Textile, reStructuredText, Grutatext<sup id="cite_ref-grutatext_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grutatext-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, and EtText<sup id="cite_ref-ettext_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ettext-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — the single biggest source of inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of plain text email."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/2004/03/introducing_markdown">"Daring Fireball: Introducing Markdown"</a>. <i>daringfireball.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200920182442/https://daringfireball.net/2004/03/introducing_markdown">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-09-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=daringfireball.net&rft.atitle=Daring+Fireball%3A+Introducing+Markdown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2F2004%2F03%2Fintroducing_markdown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FutureOfMarkdown-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FutureOfMarkdown_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAtwood2012" class="citation web cs1">Atwood, Jeff (2012-10-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140211233513/http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2012/10/the-future-of-markdown.html">"The Future of Markdown"</a>. CodingHorror.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2012/10/the-future-of-markdown.html">the original</a> on 2014-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2017</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/CommonMark" class="mw-redirect" title="CommonMark">CommonMark</a> fork could end up better for users... but original creators seem to disagree.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Markdown+throwdown%3A+What+happens+when+FOSS+software+gets+corporate+backing%3F&rft.date=2014-10-05&rft.aulast=Gilbertson&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Finformation-technology%2F2014%2F10%2Fmarkdown-throwdown-what-happens-when-foss-software-gets-corporate-backing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gruber-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gruber_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFgruber2016" class="citation web cs1">@gruber (June 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/gruber/status/741989829173510145">"I should write about it, but it's painful. More or less: Aaron was my sounding board, my muse"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+should+write+about+it%2C+but+it%27s+painful.+More+or+less%3A+Aaron+was+my+sounding+board%2C+my+muse.&rft.date=2016-06-12&rft.au=gruber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fgruber%2Fstatus%2F741989829173510145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grutatext-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grutatext_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://triptico.com/docs/grutatxt_markup.html">"Un naufragio personal: The Grutatxt markup"</a>. <i>triptico.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Babelmark+2+%E2%80%93+Compare+markdown+implementations&rft.pub=Johnmacfarlane.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjohnmacfarlane.net%2Fbabelmark2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-babelmark-3-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-babelmark-3_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babelmark.github.io/">"Babelmark 3 – Compare Markdown Implementations"</a>. github.io. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112043521/https://babelmark.github.io/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Babelmark+2+%E2%80%93+FAQ&rft.pub=Johnmacfarlane.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjohnmacfarlane.net%2Fbabelmark2%2Ffaq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gruber" title="John Gruber">Gruber, John [@gruber]</a> (4 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/gruber/status/507670720886091776">"@tobie @espadrine @comex @wycats Because different sites (and people) have different needs. No one syntax would make all happy"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%40tobie+%40espadrine+%40comex+%40wycats+Because+different+sites+%28and+people%29+have+different+needs.+No+one+syntax+would+make+all+happy.&rft.date=2014-09-04&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fgruber%2Fstatus%2F507670720886091776&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-curlyBraces-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-curlyBraces_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGruber2022" class="citation web cs1">Gruber, John (19 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/linked/2022/05/19/markdoc">"Markdoc"</a>. <i>Daring Fireball</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220519202920/https://daringfireball.net/linked/2022/05/19/markdoc">Archived</a> from the original on 19 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2022</span>. <q>I love their syntax extensions — very true to the spirit of Markdown. They use curly braces for their extensions; I'm not sure I ever made this clear, publicly, but I avoided using curly braces in Markdown itself — even though they are very tempting characters — to unofficially reserve them for implementation-specific extensions. Markdoc's extensive use of curly braces for its syntax is exactly the sort of thing I was thinking about.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daring+Fireball&rft.atitle=Markdoc&rft.date=2022-05-19&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2Flinked%2F2022%2F05%2F19%2Fmarkdoc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cm-uti-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cm-uti_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.commonmark.org/t/uti-of-a-commonmark-document/2406">"UTI of a CommonMark document"</a>. 12 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140119/https://talk.commonmark.org/t/uti-of-a-commonmark-document/2406">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UTI+of+a+CommonMark+document&rft.date=2017-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalk.commonmark.org%2Ft%2Futi-of-a-commonmark-document%2F2406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cm-spec-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cm-spec_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spec.commonmark.org/">"CommonMark specification"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807052756/http://spec.commonmark.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CommonMark+specification&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspec.commonmark.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://markdown.github.io/">"Markdown Community Page"</a>. GitHub. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026161924/http://markdown.github.io/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-10-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Markdown+Community+Page&rft.pub=GitHub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmarkdown.github.io%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.codinghorror.com/standard-markdown-is-now-common-markdown/">"Standard Markdown is now Common Markdown"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Standard+Markdown+is+now+Common+Markdown&rft.pub=Jeff+Atwood&rft.date=2014-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.codinghorror.com%2Fstandard-markdown-is-now-common-markdown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoq.com/news/2014/09/markdown-commonmark">"Standard Markdown Becomes Common Markdown then CommonMark"</a>. <i>InfoQ</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200930150521/https://www.infoq.com/news/2014/09/markdown-commonmark/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=InfoQ&rft.atitle=Standard+Markdown+Becomes+Common+Markdown+then+CommonMark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoq.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2F09%2Fmarkdown-commonmark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-commonmark.org-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-commonmark.org_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://commonmark.org/">"CommonMark"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160412211434/http://commonmark.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 Jun</span> 2018</span>. <q>The current version of the CommonMark spec is complete, and quite robust after a year of public feedback … but not quite final. With your help, we plan to announce a finalized 1.0 spec and test suite in 2019.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CommonMark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcommonmark.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.commonmark.org/t/issues-we-must-resolve-before-1-0-release-6-remaining/1287">"Issues we MUST resolve before 1.0 release [6 remaining]"</a>. <i>CommonMark Discussion</i>. 2015-07-26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414032229/https://talk.commonmark.org/t/issues-we-must-resolve-before-1-0-release-6-remaining/1287">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-04-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Or, how do you do all that fancy formatting in your comments, anyway?"</a>. Reddit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190611185827/https://www.reddit.com/r/reddit.com/comments/6ewgt/reddit_markdown_primer_or_how_do_you_do_all_that/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=W3C+Markdown+Wiki&rft.atitle=W3C+Community+Page+of+Markdown+Implementations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2Fcommunity%2Fmarkdown%2Fwiki%2FMarkdownImplementations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarkdown" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markdown&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Official website</a></span></span> for original John Gruber markup</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>31 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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