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data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Haploïde</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Disponible en 23 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="فرداني – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرداني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Гаплоідныя клеткі – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гаплоідныя клеткі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1" title="হ্যাপ্লয়েড – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হ্যাপ্লয়েড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CF%8D%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF" title="Απλοειδές κύτταρο – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Απλοειδές κύτταρο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid_cell" title="Haploid cell – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Haploid cell" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploido" title="Haploido – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Haploido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9lula_haploide" title="Célula haploide – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Célula haploide" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploide" title="Haploide – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Haploide" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapl%C3%B4ido" title="Haplôido – francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Haplôido" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploide" title="Haploide – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Haploide" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" title="Haploid – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Haploid" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aployid" title="Aployid – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Aployid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%AB%D5%A4" title="Հապլոիդ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հապլոիդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" title="Haploid – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Haploid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Гаплоид – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гаплоид" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Гаплоид – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гаплоид" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" title="Haploid – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Haploid" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploide" title="Haploide – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Haploide" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Гаплоидные клетки – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гаплоидные клетки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" title="Haploid – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Haploid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" title="Haploid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Haploid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Гаплоид – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гаплоид" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-haploid" title="I-haploid – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-haploid" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q515386#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Haplo%C3%AFde"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Haplo%C3%AFde" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Haplo%C3%AFde" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&oldid=213604305" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Haplo%C3%AFde&id=213604305&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHaplo%25C3%25AFde"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHaplo%25C3%25AFde"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Haplo%C3%AFde"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q515386" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>Une <a href="/wiki/Cellule_(biologie)" title="Cellule (biologie)">cellule biologique</a> est <b>haploïde</b> (du grec ἁπλόος (<i>haploos</i>), simple, et εἶδος (<i>eidos</i>), en forme de) lorsque les <a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">chromosomes</a> qu'elle contient sont chacun en un seul exemplaire (<b>n</b> chromosomes). Le concept est généralement l'opposé de <a href="/wiki/Diplo%C3%AFde" title="Diploïde">diploïde</a> qui désigne quant à lui les cellules avec des chromosomes en deux exemplaires (<b>2n</b> chromosomes). </p><p>Un organisme ou une partie d'organisme sont dits haploïdes lorsque ses cellules sont elles-mêmes haploïdes. </p><p>Ces définitions ne concernent que les organismes <a href="/wiki/Eucaryotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucaryotes">eucaryotes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protistes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantae">Végétaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Champignons</a>), qui possèdent de vrais chromosomes. Elles excluent donc par exemple les <a href="/wiki/Bact%C3%A9rie" title="Bactérie">bactéries</a> qui n'ont pas de noyau et possèdent des chromosomes d'un type particulier. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg/250px-Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg/375px-Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg/500px-Mnium_hornum_2005.04.02_14.55.41.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Les mousses au stade végétatif sont haploïdes. <i><a href="/wiki/Mnium_hornum" title="Mnium hornum">Mnium hornum</a></i>.</figcaption></figure><p> La <a href="/wiki/Reproduction_(biologie)" title="Reproduction (biologie)">reproduction</a> sexuée qui implique un échange génétique met en jeu des mécanismes de réduction (<a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9iose" title="Méiose">méiose</a>) et d'augmentation (<a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9condation" title="Fécondation">fécondation</a>) de la répétition des chromosomes (<a href="/wiki/Plo%C3%AFdie" title="Ploïdie">ploïdie</a>). Le <a href="/wiki/Cycle_de_vie_(biologie)" title="Cycle de vie (biologie)">cycle de vie</a> d'un organisme eucaryote comprend donc nécessairement une alternance de stades avec des niveaux de répétition chromosomique différents : on parle d'alternance de phases (voir <a href="/wiki/Cycle_de_vie_(biologie)" title="Cycle de vie (biologie)">cycle de vie</a>). </p><p>Chez les humains et la plupart des animaux, la phase <b>haploïde</b> (<b>n</b>) est très réduite. Elle correspond à la formation des <a href="/wiki/Gam%C3%A8te" title="Gamète">gamètes</a> : <a href="/wiki/Spermatozo%C3%AFde" title="Spermatozoïde">spermatozoïde</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Ovocyte" title="Ovocyte">ovocyte</a>. L'organisme (le corps) se développe en phase <b><a href="/wiki/Diplo%C3%AFde" title="Diploïde">diploïde</a></b> (<b>2n</b>): les cellules contiennent chacune les chromosomes en double exemplaire. </p><p>Chez les <a href="/wiki/Bryophyta" title="Bryophyta">mousses</a> et chez certaines <a href="/wiki/Algue" title="Algue">algues</a>, la partie végétative développée de l'organisme correspond à la phase <b>haploïde</b> (<b>n</b>). La phase <b><a href="/wiki/Diplo%C3%AFde" title="Diploïde">diploïde</a></b> (<b>2n</b>) est au contraire beaucoup plus limitée (restreinte au <a href="/wiki/Zygote" title="Zygote">zygote</a>, voire inexistante). Chez les Angiospermes, il est possible d'obtenir des plantes entières haploïdes (des gamétophytes) par culture <i>in vitro</i> de microspores - avant ou au moment de la première mitose pollinique <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le mâle chez les <a href="/wiki/Abeille" title="Abeille">abeilles</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Apis_(insecte)#Faux_bourdons" title="Apis (insecte)">faux-bourdon</a>, est issu d'un ovule de reine non fécondé et donc il est également haploïde. </p><p>Un organisme est haploïde lorsque, dans son cycle de développement, la méiose suit directement la fécondation. C'est le cas chez <i><a href="/wiki/Sordaria_macrospora" title="Sordaria macrospora">Sordaria macrospora</a></i> (un champignon), où la formation de la cellule-œuf grâce à la fécondation est suivie d'une méiose et d'une mitose qui conduisent à la création de spores. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sélection"><span id="S.C3.A9lection"></span>Sélection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Sélection" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Sélection"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Double_haplo%C3%AFdie" title="Double haploïdie">double haploïdie</a>, aussi appelée haplodiploïdisation, dihaploïdie ou technique des haploïdes doublés, est une technique de <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9lection_vari%C3%A9tale" class="mw-redirect" title="Sélection variétale">sélection variétale</a> consistant à prélever des cellules haploïdes issues de gamètes d'une plante pour provoquer le doublement de leur stock chromosomique afin d'obtenir une lignée stable (ou <a href="/wiki/Lign%C3%A9e_pure" title="Lignée pure">lignée pure</a>) en seulement deux générations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="En_savoir_plus">En savoir plus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : En savoir plus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : En savoir plus"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>voir l'article sur la <b><a href="/wiki/Plo%C3%AFdie" title="Ploïdie">ploïdie</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_de_vie_(biologie)" title="Cycle de vie (biologie)">Cycle de vie (biologie)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haplo%C3%AFde&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Androgenesis and Haploid plants, 1998 eds Y Chupeau, M Caboche et Y Henry, INRA editions/Springer</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Biologie_cellulaire_et_mol%C3%A9culaire" title="Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/27px-Red2.jpg" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/40px-Red2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Red2.jpg/53px-Red2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="166" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Biologie_cellulaire_et_mol%C3%A9culaire" title="Portail:Biologie cellulaire et moléculaire">Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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