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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-主要構造及加速過程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#主要構造及加速過程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>主要構造及加速過程</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-主要構造及加速過程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-圓形軌道加速器原理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#圓形軌道加速器原理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>圓形軌道加速器原理</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-圓形軌道加速器原理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-偵測器原理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#偵測器原理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>偵測器原理</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-偵測器原理-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关偵測器原理子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-偵測器原理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-CDF" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CDF"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>CDF</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CDF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-貢獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#貢獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>貢獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-貢獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">兆電子伏特加速器</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。32种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="تيفاترون – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيفاترون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatr%C3%B3n" title="Tevatrón – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tevatrón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тэватрон – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэватрон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatr%C3%B3" title="Tevatró – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tevatró" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatrono" title="Tevatrono – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tevatrono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatr%C3%B3n" title="Tevatrón – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tevatrón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="تواترون – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تواترون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatr%C3%B3n" title="Tevatrón – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tevatrón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%90%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3" title="テバトロン – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テバトロン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тэватрон – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тэватрон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Теватрон – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Теватрон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Tevatron" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q944533#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div 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href="/zh-sg/%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%2585%2586%25E9%259B%25BB%25E5%25AD%2590%25E4%25BC%258F%25E7%2589%25B9%25E5%258A%25A0%25E9%2580%259F%25E5%2599%25A8"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tevatron" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q944533" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fermilab.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Fermilab.jpg/250px-Fermilab.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Fermilab.jpg/375px-Fermilab.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Fermilab.jpg/500px-Fermilab.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption>兆電子伏特加速器</figcaption></figure> <p><b>兆電子伏特加速器</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Tevatron</span>），又譯為<b>正負質子對撞機</b>，是一座圓形<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="粒子加速器">粒子加速器</a>（或稱<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="同步迴旋加速器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Synchrocyclotron"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%BF%B4%E6%97%8B%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同步迴旋加速器（页面不存在）">同步迴旋加速器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchrocyclotron" class="extiw" title="en:Synchrocyclotron"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Synchrocyclotron</span></a></span>）</span></span>），設在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E8%AB%BE%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="伊利諾州">伊利諾州</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%81%94%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E_(%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E8%AB%BE%E4%BC%8A%E5%B7%9E)" title="巴達維亞 (伊利諾伊州)">巴达维亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="费米实验室">費米實驗室</a>。兆電子伏特加速器曾為世界上运行能量最高的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%8D%E6%92%9E%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="粒子對撞機（页面不存在）">粒子對撞機</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。兆電子伏特加速器將<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">質子</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="反質子">反質子</a>於6.3<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" title="公里">公里</a>的環中加速，使其能量達到1<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="電子伏特">TeV=10<sup>12</sup>eV，電子伏特</a>。兆電子伏特加速器始建于1983年8月，總花費為1.2億美金<sup id="cite_ref-科学时报_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-科学时报-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ，以後定期升級。「主注射器」（Main Injector）是其中最重要的增建物，自1994年起花了超過五年時間建造，總花費2.9億美金。由於美國能源部所提供經費的縮減<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，以及随着欧洲<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E5%BC%B7%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%8D%E6%92%9E%E6%A9%9F" title="大型強子對撞機">大型强子对撞机</a>的於2009年底正式開始運作，並於2010年三月超越兆電子伏特加速器成為世界上運行能量最高的對撞機(大型強子對撞機能夠產生能量高達7TeV的粒子束)，兆電子伏特加速器最終於2011年9月30日关闭<sup id="cite_ref-科学时报_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-科学时报-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。兆電子伏特加速器的部分元件可能被轉移至其他的粒子加速器上，但兆電子伏特加速器的主注射器仍可能於未來的實驗中被重新啟用。 </p><p>兆電子伏特加速器的6.28公里长的圆形加速器轨道可以将粒子加速到<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="光速">光速</a>的99.99999954%<sup id="cite_ref-科学时报_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-科学时报-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="主要構造及加速過程"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E8.A6.81.E6.A7.8B.E9.80.A0.E5.8F.8A.E5.8A.A0.E9.80.9F.E9.81.8E.E7.A8.8B"></span>主要構造及加速過程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：主要構造及加速過程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>為了產生足夠高能的質子束與反質子束以模擬<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99" title="宇宙">宇宙</a>早期的環境，兆電子伏特加速器的加速器分為許多的部分分階段各司其職的進行加速。 </p> <ol><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="考克饶夫-瓦尔顿产生器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cockcroft–Walton generator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%83%E5%85%8B%E9%A5%B6%E5%A4%AB-%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF%E4%BA%A7%E7%94%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="考克饶夫-瓦尔顿产生器（页面不存在）">考克饶夫-瓦尔顿产生器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockcroft%E2%80%93Walton_generator" class="extiw" title="en:Cockcroft–Walton generator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cockcroft–Walton generator</span></a></span>）</span></span>（Cockcroft–Walton generator）：兆電子伏特加速器首先必須要產生出質子束。加速器中的質子束是來自於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E8%B4%9F%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="氢负离子">氫負離子</a>。考克饶夫-瓦尔顿产生器即是負責進行初步加速氫負離子至能量約74萬電子伏特。</li> <li>直線加速器（LINAC）：這是個長500英尺的直線管道，其內部有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B4" title="電場">電場</a>，可以將離開考克饶夫-瓦尔顿产生器的氫負離子進行近一步的加速至能量約4億電子伏特，即<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="光速">光速</a>的70%。</li> <li>助推器（booster）：助推器不同於直線加速器，其是一個圓形的加速軌道。當氫負離子進入助推器之後，氫負離子會因為助推器管道內部放置有碳薄膜而將其電子吸附住，形成質子束。同時，此一質子束也會在繞行約20000次助推器圓形軌道時達到總能量約80億電子伏特。</li> <li>主注射器（main injector）：接著，質子束會被送至主注射器。在主注射器這主要有三個功能: 其一，主注射器負責將一部份的質子束送去產生反質子束; 其二，主注射器負責再加速質子束與反質子束; 其三，主注射器負責將質子束與反質子束送至兆電子伏特加速器主環，亦即主撞擊區。主注射器可以說是兆電子伏特加速器的控制中心，負責控制個個粒子束的走向。</li> <li>定標靶源（fixed target area）：一部分的質子束會從主注射器送至此產生反質子。此處的管道內放置著<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鎳">鎳</a>靶，當高能質子束撞擊這些固定的鎳靶時，會產生許多的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="次原子粒子">次原子粒子</a>，其中即包含一部份的反質子。此處質子束與鎳原子撞擊約一秒一億次，但每秒約只產生二十個反質子。接著這些次原子粒子與反質子會在管道內被篩選，反質子會被送去另一個反質子儲存器內儲存並冷卻，待達到一定的數量後，再送回位於主注射器下方的回收器。</li> <li>回收器（recycler）：在回收器內，反質子會繼續累積且冷卻反質子。冷卻反質子可以使其更好被控制且加速。</li> <li>兆電子伏特加速器主環：待質子束與反質子束數量累積到一定且達到一定的能量後，即會從主注射器被送往兆電子伏特加速器主環。在主環的兩個不同位置設有兩個約三至四層樓的偵測器，即CDF與DZero。質子束與反質子束會在這兩個偵測器內部以接近光速互相撞擊，一秒約可發生高達兩百萬次的撞擊。撞擊後產生的粒子殘骸會由這兩個偵測器記錄這些其<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E8%B7%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="軌跡">軌跡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="動量">動量</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F" title="能量">能量</a>，進而藉由這些資訊判別這些粒子殘骸為哪些次原子粒子，亦可藉由<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E8%83%BD%E7%AD%89%E5%83%B9" title="質能等價">質能等價</a>進一步判斷是否有新粒子產生。但由於一秒鐘撞擊次數實在過於龐大，如此大筆資料不會一一儲存，兆電子伏特加速器僅會將值得注意或新奇事件紀錄下來，每秒鐘約四百筆。</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="圓形軌道加速器原理"><span id=".E5.9C.93.E5.BD.A2.E8.BB.8C.E9.81.93.E5.8A.A0.E9.80.9F.E5.99.A8.E5.8E.9F.E7.90.86"></span>圓形軌道加速器原理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：圓形軌道加速器原理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>因為帶電粒子在磁場內運動會受到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E4%BE%96%E8%8C%B2%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="勞侖茲力">勞侖茲力</a>，因此可以藉由在圓形軌道內施加磁場而使質子束與反質子束維持在圓形軌道內。粒子所行進的軌道半徑與其質量、電性與所處<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a>量值關係為 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle r_{c}=v_{0}/\omega =mv_{0}/qB}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>m</mi> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle r_{c}=v_{0}/\omega =mv_{0}/qB}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5986a5a5cd546f064d2650a323ccfbff4539e677" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:21.198ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle r_{c}=v_{0}/\omega =mv_{0}/qB}"></span>。</dd></dl> <p>由於軌道半徑與粒子的動量有關，因此，若是想要維持高能的質子束與高能的反質子束於圓形軌道內，必須要施以一定高強度的磁場才行。在兆電子伏特加速器中，為了產生如此強大的磁場，會在粒子束行進的軌道外放置<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="超導體">超導體</a>。藉由冷卻至約攝氏負272.78度（僅高於<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E5%B0%8D%E9%9B%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="絕對零度">絕對零度</a>0.37度），此時超導體內的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E9%98%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="電阻">電阻</a>會變成零，如此可以產生高強度的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="電流">電流</a>，也可產生足夠高強度的磁場以限制質子與反質子這類帶電粒子於圓形軌道內。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="偵測器原理"><span id=".E5.81.B5.E6.B8.AC.E5.99.A8.E5.8E.9F.E7.90.86"></span>偵測器原理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：偵測器原理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>兆電子伏特加速器中，在不同的位置設置了兩個利用不同原理進行量測的偵測器，分別為CDF與DZero。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CDF">CDF</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：CDF"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg/300px-CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg/450px-CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg/600px-CDF_Collaborators_Group_Photo_94-0374-04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="796" /></a><figcaption>1994年4月14日，CDF研究團隊團體照。</figcaption></figure> <p>CDF是個約四層樓高的建築，內部有約一百萬個偵測子系統可以用來偵測質子束碰撞時產生的遺骸。其偵測系統大致可以分為四層: </p><p>1.矽偵測層: <a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="矽">矽</a>偵測層共由七層的矽薄膜緊貼質子束與反質子束行進的管道構成，矽偵測層的外層與內層會通以偏電壓，且整個矽偵測層位於磁場內。當質子束與反質子束相互撞擊時，產生的次原子粒子會朝外射向矽偵測層。這些次原子粒子當中有部分是帶電性的粒子，當其穿透矽偵測層時，會與矽原子撞擊進而<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="游離">游離</a>這些矽原子。這些被游離的電子接著會因為偏電壓的關係而被吸引至矽偵測層表面，並被表面的電子裝置記錄下來位置而得到軌跡。由於磁場的存在，帶電粒子在矽偵測層的運動也並非直線，因此將偵測得的位置連得一條線，便可藉由此曲線以計算此帶電粒子之質量與速度為何。 </p><p>但值得注意的是，因質子與反質子碰撞產生的中性粒子並不會在此曾被記錄下來，因為他們根本不會游離矽原子。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="貢獻"><span id=".E8.B2.A2.E7.8D.BB"></span>貢獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：貢獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg/300px-DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg/450px-DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg/600px-DZero_Collaboration_group_photo_92-0289.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="888" /></a><figcaption>1992年2月14日，D0研究團隊團體照。</figcaption></figure> <p>兆電子伏特加速器的主要成就是於1995年時發現了<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="粒子物理學">粒子物理學</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="標準模型">標準模型</a>中所預測的最後一個基本<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="費米子">費米子</a>。2012年2月時，<a href="/wiki/CDF" class="mw-disambig" title="CDF">CDF</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DØ（页面不存在）">DØ</a>粒子對撞實驗團隊的科學家們在費米國立加速器實驗室宣布他們從2001年以來兆電子伏特電子加速器的大約五千億筆資料的分析中，發現<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="希格斯玻色子">希格斯玻色子</a>的存在性是極為可能的，而這存在性只有1/550的機率是由於統計上的誤差所造成的誤判。兩天後，由大型強子對撞機的實驗確認了兆電子伏特加速器的實驗數據，其中，兩者的實驗誤差僅少於一百萬分之一。 </p><p>另外，科學家通过兆電子伏特加速器发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%82%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="頂夸克">顶夸克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="Τ中微子">τ中微子</a>，并且精确测量了<a href="/wiki/W%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="W玻色子">W玻色子</a>的质量<sup id="cite_ref-科学时报_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-科学时报-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hqgj/2009-12/02/content_9100211.htm">欧洲大型强子对撞机创造质子加速新纪录, 中国日报，2009-12-02</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-12-03</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304223245/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hqgj/2009-12/02/content_9100211.htm">存档</a>于2016-03-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&rft.btitle=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E5%BC%BA%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%B9%E6%92%9E%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%9B%E9%80%A0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E6%96%B0%E7%BA%AA%E5%BD%95%2C+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%8C2009-12-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fhqgj%2F2009-12%2F02%2Fcontent_9100211.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-科学时报-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-科学时报_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-科学时报_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-科学时报_2-2"><sup><b>2.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-科学时报_2-3"><sup><b>2.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">王丹红. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2011/9/253198.shtm">美国最大粒子加速器即将关闭</a>. 科学时报. 2011-09-28 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-09-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928123447/http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2011/9/253198.shtm">存档</a>于2011-09-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8%E5%8D%B3%E5%B0%86%E5%85%B3%E9%97%AD&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%B9%E7%BA%A2&rft.date=2011-09-28&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sciencenet.cn%2Fhtmlnews%2F2011%2F9%2F253198.shtm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=future-of-top-us-particle">美國粒子物理實驗機構的未來, 科學人雜誌</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-10-30</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205014636/http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=future-of-top-us-particle">存档</a>于2008-12-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&rft.btitle=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86%2C+%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E4%BA%BA%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciam.com%2Farticle.cfm%3Fid%3Dfuture-of-top-us-particle&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-bd.fnal.gov/notifyservlet/www?project=outside">Live Tevatron status</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20111014231859/http://www-bd.fnal.gov/notifyservlet/www?project=outside">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps3.aps.org/aps/meetings/april10/roser.pdf">The Hunt for the Higgs at Tevatron</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110811153246/http://apps3.aps.org/aps/meetings/april10/roser.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100528045751/http://www-bdnew.fnal.gov/operations/rookie_books/Concepts_v3.6.pdf">Technical details of the accelerators</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E5%B0%8B%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%BB%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="探尋希格斯玻色子時間軸">探尋希格斯玻色子時間軸</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E8%83%BD%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高能質子加速器（页面不存在）">高能質子加速器</a>（Bevatron）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Special:编辑页面/Template:美国能源部国家实验室"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="美国能源部国家实验室" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E9%83%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="美国能源部国家实验室">美国能源部国家实验室</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科学办公室" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Office of Science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科学办公室（页面不存在）">科学办公室</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Science" class="extiw" title="en:Office of Science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Office of Science</span></a></span>）</span></span>下属</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室">伯克利</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="高等光源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Advanced Light Source"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%85%89%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高等光源（页面不存在）">ALS</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Light_Source" class="extiw" title="en:Advanced Light Source"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Advanced Light Source</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分子铸造厂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Molecular Foundry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%93%B8%E9%80%A0%E5%8E%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子铸造厂（页面不存在）">MF</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_Foundry" class="extiw" title="en:Molecular Foundry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Molecular Foundry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家能源研究科学计算中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家能源研究科学计算中心（页面不存在）">NERSC</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Energy_Research_Scientific_Computing_Center" class="extiw" title="en:National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E9%83%A8%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%BB%84%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="美国能源部联合基因组研究所">JGI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%A1%E6%A0%91%E5%B2%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="橡树岭国家实验室">橡树岭</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="散裂中子源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spallation Neutron Source"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%A3%E8%A3%82%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="散裂中子源（页面不存在）">散裂中子源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spallation_Neutron_Source" class="extiw" title="en:Spallation Neutron Source"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spallation Neutron Source</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳米相材料科学中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E7%9B%B8%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳米相材料科学中心（页面不存在）">CNMS</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Nanophase_Materials_Sciences" class="extiw" title="en:Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="高通量同位素反应堆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="High Flux Isotope Reactor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9A%E9%87%8F%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高通量同位素反应堆（页面不存在）">HFIR</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Flux_Isotope_Reactor" class="extiw" title="en:High Flux Isotope Reactor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">High Flux Isotope Reactor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家计算科学中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Center for Computational Sciences"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家计算科学中心（页面不存在）">NCCS</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Computational_Sciences" class="extiw" title="en:National Center for Computational Sciences"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Center for Computational Sciences</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%A1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="阿尔贡国家实验室">阿尔贡</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新布朗斯威克实验室" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="New Brunswick Laboratory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97%E6%96%AF%E5%A8%81%E5%85%8B%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新布朗斯威克实验室（页面不存在）">新布朗斯威克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Brunswick_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="en:New Brunswick Laboratory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">New Brunswick Laboratory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳米尺度材料中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Center for Nanoscale Materials"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BA%E5%BA%A6%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳米尺度材料中心（页面不存在）">纳米尺度材料</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Nanoscale_Materials" class="extiw" title="en:Center for Nanoscale Materials"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Center for Nanoscale Materials</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E8%BF%9B%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90%E6%BA%90" title="先进光子源">先进光子源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿贡串联直线加速器系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E8%B4%A1%E4%B8%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%B4%E7%BA%BF%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿贡串联直线加速器系统（页面不存在）">ATLAS</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argonne_Tandem_Linear_Accelerator_System" class="extiw" title="en:Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="埃姆斯国家实验室">埃姆斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E5%85%8B%E9%BB%91%E6%96%87%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="布鲁克黑文国家实验室">布鲁克海文</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E8%AE%8A%E6%A2%AF%E5%BA%A6%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="交變梯度同步加速器">交变梯度同步加速器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="功能纳米材料中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Center for Functional Nanomaterials"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="功能纳米材料中心（页面不存在）">CFN</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Functional_Nanomaterials" class="extiw" title="en:Center for Functional Nanomaterials"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Center for Functional Nanomaterials</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家同步辐射光源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Synchrotron Light Source"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%85%89%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家同步辐射光源（页面不存在）">国家同步辐射光源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Synchrotron_Light_Source" class="extiw" title="en:National Synchrotron Light Source"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Synchrotron Light Source</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家同步辐射光源二期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Synchrotron Light Source II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%85%89%E6%BA%90%E4%BA%8C%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家同步辐射光源二期（页面不存在）">国家同步辐射光源二期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Synchrotron_Light_Source_II" class="extiw" title="en:National Synchrotron Light Source II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Synchrotron Light Source II</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E8%AB%96%E6%80%A7%E9%87%8D%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%8D%E6%92%9E%E6%A9%9F" title="相對論性重離子對撞機">RHIC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="普林斯顿等离子体物理实验室">普林斯顿等离子体物理学</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家球形环面实验" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Spherical Torus Experiment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%90%83%E5%BD%A2%E7%8E%AF%E9%9D%A2%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家球形环面实验（页面不存在）">NSTX</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Spherical_Torus_Experiment" class="extiw" title="en:National Spherical Torus Experiment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Spherical Torus Experiment</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SLAC%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="SLAC國家加速器實驗室">斯坦福线形加速器</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="斯坦福同步辐射光源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%A6%8F%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%85%89%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯坦福同步辐射光源（页面不存在）">SSRL</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford_Synchrotron_Radiation_Lightsource" class="extiw" title="en:Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="西北太平洋国家实验室">西北太平洋</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="环境分子科学实验室" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="环境分子科学实验室（页面不存在）">EMSL</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_Molecular_Sciences_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="费米国立加速器实验室">费米</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">兆电子伏特加速器</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E6%96%90%E9%80%8A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8%E8%A3%85%E7%BD%AE" title="托马斯·杰斐逊国家加速器装置">杰斐逊</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="美国能源部印章"><img alt="美国能源部印章" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美国国家核安全局" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Nuclear Security Administration"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%A0%B8%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美国国家核安全局（页面不存在）">国家核安全局</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Nuclear_Security_Administration" class="extiw" title="en:National Nuclear Security Administration"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Nuclear Security Administration</span></a></span>）</span></span><small>（NNSA）</small>下属</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BD%9B%E6%91%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="勞倫斯利佛摩國家實驗室">利弗莫尔</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家大气排放咨询中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE%E5%92%A8%E8%AF%A2%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家大气排放咨询中心（页面不存在）">NARAC</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Atmospheric_Release_Advisory_Center" class="extiw" title="en:National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%BB%9E%E7%81%AB%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" title="國家點火設施">國家點火設施</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室">洛斯阿拉莫斯</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="双轴射线液力测试设施" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test Facility"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E8%BD%B4%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E6%B6%B2%E5%8A%9B%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双轴射线液力测试设施（页面不存在）">DARHTF</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-Axis_Radiographic_Hydrodynamic_Test_Facility" class="extiw" title="en:Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test Facility"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test Facility</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="桑迪亚国家实验室">桑迪亚</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Z%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD" title="Z脉冲功率设施">Z机</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他美国能源部下属实验室</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="国家能源技术实验室">国家能源技术</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿尔巴尼研究中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Albany Research Center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿尔巴尼研究中心（页面不存在）">阿尔巴尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albany_Research_Center" class="extiw" title="en:Albany Research Center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Albany Research Center</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E8%BE%BE%E8%8D%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="爱达荷国家实验室">爱达荷</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="放射与环境科学实验室" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E4%B8%8E%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="放射与环境科学实验室（页面不存在）">RESL</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiological_and_Environmental_Sciences_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="en:Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="国家可再生能源实验室">国家可再生能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%87%A1%E7%BA%B3%E6%B2%B3%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="萨凡纳河国家实验室">萨凡纳河</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="萨凡纳河生态学实验室" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Savannah River Ecology Laboratory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%A8%E5%87%A1%E7%BA%B3%E6%B2%B3%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萨凡纳河生态学实验室（页面不存在）">SREL</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savannah_River_Ecology_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="en:Savannah River Ecology Laboratory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Savannah River Ecology Laboratory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=兆電子伏特加速器&oldid=78536799">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=兆電子伏特加速器&oldid=78536799</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="Category:粒子加速器">粒子加速器</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a 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