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aria-current="page">3 Types of Volcanoes: Stratovolcano, Shield and Cinder Cone</span></span></div><h1 class="entry-title">3 Types of Volcanoes: Stratovolcano, Shield and Cinder Cone</h1><div class="entry-meta entry-meta-divider-customicon"> <div class="meta-comments"><span class="kadence-svg-iconset"><svg class="kadence-svg-icon kadence-comments-alt-svg" fill="currentColor" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="28" viewBox="0 0 28 28"><title>Comments</title><path d="M10 14c0 1.109-0.891 2-2 2s-2-0.891-2-2 0.891-2 2-2 2 0.891 2 2zM16 14c0 1.109-0.891 2-2 2s-2-0.891-2-2 0.891-2 2-2 2 0.891 2 2zM22 14c0 1.109-0.891 2-2 2s-2-0.891-2-2 0.891-2 2-2 2 0.891 2 2zM14 6c-6.5 0-12 3.656-12 8 0 2.328 1.563 4.547 4.266 6.078l1.359 0.781-0.422 1.5c-0.297 1.109-0.688 1.969-1.094 2.688 1.578-0.656 3.016-1.547 4.297-2.672l0.672-0.594 0.891 0.094c0.672 0.078 1.359 0.125 2.031 0.125 6.5 0 12-3.656 12-8s-5.5-8-12-8zM28 14c0 5.531-6.266 10-14 10-0.766 0-1.531-0.047-2.266-0.125-2.047 1.813-4.484 3.094-7.187 3.781-0.562 0.156-1.172 0.266-1.781 0.344h-0.078c-0.313 0-0.594-0.25-0.672-0.594v-0.016c-0.078-0.391 0.187-0.625 0.422-0.906 0.984-1.109 2.109-2.047 2.844-4.656-3.219-1.828-5.281-4.656-5.281-7.828 0-5.516 6.266-10 14-10v0c7.734 0 14 4.484 14 10z"></path> </svg></span><a class="meta-comments-link anchor-scroll" href="#comments">10 Comments</a></div></div></header> <div class="entry-content single-content"> <figure class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="678" height="378" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-678x378.jpg" alt="Shield Volcano" class="wp-image-9183"/></figure> <div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Types of Volcanoes</h2> <p>There are 3 types of volcanoes:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Stratovolcanoes</li> <li>Shield volcanoes</li> <li>Cinder cones</li> </ul> <p>Let’s dive into the differences between these types of volcanoes.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">1. Stratovolcanoes (Composite Cones)</h3> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img decoding="async" width="425" height="310" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-425x310.png" alt="Stratovolcano" class="wp-image-9181" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-425x310.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-300x219.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-675x493.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-550x401.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-850x620.png 850w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano-900x657.png 900w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Stratovolcano.png 1036w" sizes="(max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px"/></figure></div><p>Stratovolcanoes are tall and cone-shaped. Instead of flat shield volcanoes like in Hawaii, they have bigger peaks. They build up by layering lava, ash, and tephra.</p> <p>Examples of stratovolcanoes include:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>MOUNT FUJI:</strong> Mount Fuji is a dormant stratovolcano that last erupted in the early 1700s.</li> <li><strong>MOUNT TOBA:</strong> Mount Toba in Sumatra is 100 kilometers long and 30 kilometers wide is a caldera.</li> </ul> <p>When ash falls or lava flows, it solidifies and makes a narrower cone. At the peak, <a href="https://earthhow.com/stratovolcano/">stratovolcanoes</a> usually have a small crater. But if you blow the whole thing away, you get a large caldera.</p> <p>Most stratovolcanoes are at subduction zones. If you travel along the <a href="https://earthhow.com/pacific-ring-of-fire-volcanoes/">Pacific Ring of Fire</a>, these are mostly this type of volcano. The Pacific Ocean seafloor is subducting under the continents. It brings water causing eruptions from stratovolcanoes. Stratovolcanoes run through cycles with lots of small eruptions.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">2. Shield Volcanoes</h3> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img decoding="async" width="425" height="249" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-425x249.jpg" alt="Shield Volcano" class="wp-image-9183" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-425x249.jpg 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-300x176.jpg 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-675x395.jpg 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-550x322.jpg 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-850x498.jpg 850w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano-900x527.jpg 900w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shield-Volcano.jpg 1030w" sizes="(max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px"/></figure></div><p>Shield volcanoes earned their name because they’re shaped like a shield. Hawaiian volcanoes are quintessential <a href="https://earthhow.com/shield-volcano/">shield volcanoes</a>. If you go to Hawaii, they are broad and flat. These volcanoes can be hundreds of kilometers wide.</p> <p>Examples of shield volcanoes include:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>MAUNA LOA:</strong> Mauna Loa in Hawaii is the world’s largest active shield volcano. From its base below sea level to its summit, it’s also the tallest mountain in the world.</li> <li><strong>FERNANDINA ISLAND:</strong> Fernandina Island is an active shield volcano in the Galapagos Islands.</li> </ul> <p>Shield volcanoes tend to erupt fluid <a href="https://earthhow.com/lava-magma-difference/">basalt lava</a>. Violent explosions are possible. But they’re not as common for shield volcanoes. Because basalt has a low viscosity (more watery), it can flow on the surface better. When these types of volcanoes erupt, lava flows out large distances.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">3. Cinder Cones</h3> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="425" height="322" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Cinder-Cone-Diagram-0-425x322.png" alt="Cinder Cone Diagram" class="wp-image-9258" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Cinder-Cone-Diagram-0-425x322.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Cinder-Cone-Diagram-0-300x227.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Cinder-Cone-Diagram-0-550x417.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Cinder-Cone-Diagram-0.png 665w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px"/></figure></div><p>Cinder cones (scoria cones) are small in comparison to the other types of volcanoes. In fact, they’re only tens of hundreds of meters in size. But at the same time, they’re very steep typically with a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.</p> <p>Examples of cinder cones include:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>CERRO NEGRO:</strong> Cerro Negro is an active cinder cone in Nicaragua. It’s the youngest in Central America first appearing in 1850.</li> <li><strong>PARICUTIN:</strong> The Paricutin volcano in Mexico is a cinder cone that suddenly erupted in a cornfield. The eruption left a 420-meter-tall cone without erupting ever again.</li> </ul> <p>Cinder cones form out of tephra, magma, and ash that it ejects. When <a href="https://earthhow.com/cinder-cone/">cinder cones</a> spew out lava, it splits it up in the air and splatters. Eventually, it cools down and becomes part of its steep cone-like feature.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Overview of the types of volcanoes</h3> <p>Based on their geography, volcanoes have different appearances. We classify them as stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cones.</p> <p>These classifications help us understand the unique characteristics and behaviors of different types of volcanoes.</p> <p>Would you like to know anything more about the types of volcanoes? Please let us know with a comment below.</p></div></div><div class="newsletter1"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Subscribe to our newsletter:</span> <div class="tnp tnp-subscription-minimal"><form action="https://earthhow.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=tnp&na=s" method="post" style="text-align: center"><input type="hidden" name="nr" value="minimal"> <input type="hidden" name="nlang" value=""> <input class="tnp-email" type="email" required name="ne" value="" placeholder="Email"><input class="tnp-submit" type="submit" value="Subscribe" style=""> </form></div></div><div class="kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id18750_45f50e-c9 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout"><div class="kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top"> <div class="wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column18750_dbe7c4-7f kvs-sm-false kb-section-dir-horizontal"><div class="kt-inside-inner-col"><div class="wp-block-kadence-posts kb-posts 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class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-1208 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-geology category-weathering-erosion-and-soils mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/soil-formation-factors/" aria-label="Read More 5 Soil Formation Factors: How Rocks Weather into Dirt" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Soil-Formation-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Soil Formation" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Soil-Formation-300x225.png 300w, 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class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article> <div id="comments" class="comments-area"> <h2 class="comments-title">10 Comments</h2> <ol class="comment-list"> <li id="comment-31163" class="comment byuser comment-author-earthhow bypostauthor even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-31163" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">earthhow</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-31163"><time datetime="2024-03-26T04:54:41-06:00">March 26, 2024 at 4:54 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>It’s a stratovolcano</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-30979" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-30979" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Steve</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-30979"><time datetime="2024-03-21T07:38:48-06:00">March 21, 2024 at 7:38 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>what kind of volcano is the famous Tambora volcano?</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-29344" class="comment byuser comment-author-earthhow bypostauthor even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-29344" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">earthhow</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-29344"><time datetime="2024-02-20T21:10:20-06:00">February 20, 2024 at 9:10 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>A crater is a small, bowl-shaped dent, which are from volcanic explosions or meteor impacts. Whereas a caldera is much larger… They typically form when a volcano’s top falls into an emptied magma chamber… So the big difference is that craters result from sudden blasts. But calderas happen when the ground gives way after a massive eruption.</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-28951" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-28951" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Joanne Asare</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-28951"><time datetime="2024-02-14T09:03:52-06:00">February 14, 2024 at 9:03 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>What’s the difference between a caldera and a crater?</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-20537" class="comment even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-20537" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">John Does</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-20537"><time datetime="2023-03-21T19:13:54-06:00">March 21, 2023 at 7:13 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>How long does it take to fully form?</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-20253" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-20253" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">King lemuel sonio</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-20253"><time datetime="2023-02-24T18:31:43-06:00">February 24, 2023 at 6:31 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>How do volcanoes form igneous rocks?</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-17564" class="comment even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-17564" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">John Doe</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-17564"><time datetime="2022-10-21T11:31:04-06:00">October 21, 2022 at 11:31 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Does the caldera (not mentioned here) stop erupting completely? It’s the one that is formed when a strato collapses.</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-9920" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-9920" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Timothy Vanier</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-9920"><time datetime="2021-11-10T10:46:48-06:00">November 10, 2021 at 10:46 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>What kind of eruption does the Cinder cone volcano have? I know you said something on that topic, but I personally would like it if you elaborate on that a bit more. 馃檪</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-9896" class="comment even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-9896" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">John Doe</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-9896"><time datetime="2021-11-09T10:05:01-06:00">November 9, 2021 at 10:05 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Which one erupts most often?</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-4781" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-4781" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">tim</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/types-of-volcanoes/#comment-4781"><time datetime="2020-09-14T09:08:01-06:00">September 14, 2020 at 9:08 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Are there more shield volcanoes or are there more composite (strato) volcanoes in the world?</p></div></article> </li> </ol> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply</h3><form action="https://earthhow.com/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form" novalidate><p class="comment-notes"><span id="email-notes">Your email address will not be published.</span> <span class="required-field-message">Required fields are marked <span class="required">*</span></span></p><p class="comment-form-comment comment-form-float-label"><textarea autocomplete="new-password" id="i477054932" name="i477054932" placeholder="Leave a comment..." cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="65525" aria-required="true" 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