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Olimpiade - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&amp;returnto=Olimpiade" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&amp;returnto=Olimpiade" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&amp;returnto=Olimpiade" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&amp;returnto=Olimpiade" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Olimpiade_kuno" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olimpiade_kuno"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Olimpiade kuno</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olimpiade_kuno-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olimpiade_modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olimpiade_modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Olimpiade modern</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Olimpiade_modern-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Olimpiade modern</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Olimpiade_modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pelopor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pelopor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pelopor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pelopor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kebangkitan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kebangkitan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kebangkitan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kebangkitan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olimpiade_1896" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olimpiade_1896"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Olimpiade 1896</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olimpiade_1896-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perubahan_dan_adaptasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perubahan_dan_adaptasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Perubahan dan adaptasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perubahan_dan_adaptasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Olimpiade Musim Dingin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paralimpiade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paralimpiade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Paralimpiade</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paralimpiade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olimpiade_Remaja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olimpiade_Remaja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Olimpiade Remaja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olimpiade_Remaja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olimpiade_masa_kini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olimpiade_masa_kini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Olimpiade masa kini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olimpiade_masa_kini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Komite Olimpiade Internasional</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Komite Olimpiade Internasional</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kritik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kritik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Kritik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kritik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komersialisasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komersialisasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Komersialisasi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Komersialisasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Komersialisasi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Komersialisasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anggaran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anggaran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Anggaran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anggaran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengaruh_televisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengaruh_televisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Pengaruh televisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengaruh_televisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biaya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biaya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Biaya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biaya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simbol,_motto_dan_maskot" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simbol,_motto_dan_maskot"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Simbol, motto dan maskot</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simbol,_motto_dan_maskot-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perayaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perayaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Perayaan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perayaan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Perayaan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Perayaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pembukaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembukaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Pembukaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembukaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penutupan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penutupan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Penutupan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penutupan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penyerahan_medali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penyerahan_medali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Penyerahan medali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penyerahan_medali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cabang_olahraga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabang_olahraga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Cabang olahraga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabang_olahraga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kontroversi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kontroversi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Kontroversi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kontroversi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Kontroversi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kontroversi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pemboikotan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pemboikotan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Pemboikotan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pemboikotan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Politik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penggunaan_obat-obatan_PED" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penggunaan_obat-obatan_PED"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Penggunaan obat-obatan PED</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penggunaan_obat-obatan_PED-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Larangan_Rusia_dari_Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Larangan_Rusia_dari_Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Larangan Rusia dari Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Larangan_Rusia_dari_Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diskriminasi_gender" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diskriminasi_gender"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Diskriminasi gender</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diskriminasi_gender-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kekerasan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kekerasan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.6</span> <span>Kekerasan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kekerasan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pemenang_dan_medali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pemenang_dan_medali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Pemenang dan medali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pemenang_dan_medali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kota_dan_negara_tuan_rumah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kota_dan_negara_tuan_rumah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Kota dan negara tuan rumah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kota_dan_negara_tuan_rumah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partisipasi_Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partisipasi_Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Partisipasi Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partisipasi_Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Lihat juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Bibliografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Olimpiade</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 179 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">179 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99_%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Олимпиадатә хәмаррақәа – Abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Олимпиадатә хәмаррақәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiese_Spele" title="Olimpiese Spele – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Olimpiese Spele" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympische_Spiele" title="Olympische Spiele – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Olympische Spiele" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%A6%E1%88%8E%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%92%E1%8A%AD_%E1%8C%A8%E1%8B%8B%E1%89%B3%E1%8B%8E%E1%89%BD" title="የኦሎምፒክ ጨዋታዎች – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የኦሎምፒክ ጨዋታዎች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuegos_Olimpicos" title="Chuegos Olimpicos – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chuegos Olimpicos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympisc_Gamen" title="Olympisc Gamen – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Olympisc Gamen" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="ओलम्पिक खेल – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ओलम्पिक खेल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الألعاب الأولمبية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الألعاب الأولمبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لألعاب لأولمپية – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لألعاب لأولمپية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="العاب اوليمبيه – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="العاب اوليمبيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95" title="অলিম্পিক – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="অলিম্পিক" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuegos_ol%C3%ADmpicos" title="Xuegos olímpicos – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xuegos olímpicos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiya_oyunlar%C4%B1" title="Olimpiya oyunları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Olimpiya oyunları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="اولمپیک اویونلاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اولمپیک اویونلاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олимпия уйындары – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Олимпия уйындары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimp%C4%97n%C4%97s_%C5%BEaid%C4%ABn%C4%97s" title="Olimpėnės žaidīnės – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Olimpėnės žaidīnės" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpikong_Karawat" title="Olimpikong Karawat – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Olimpikong Karawat" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Алімпійскія гульні – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Алімпійскія гульні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Алімпійскія гульні – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Алімпійскія гульні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Олимпийски игри – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Олимпийски игри" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="অলিম্পিক ক্রীড়া প্রতিযোগিতা – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অলিম্পিক ক্রীড়া প্রতিযোগিতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%A9%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨའོ་ལིན་ཕིག་ལུས་རྩལ་འགྲན་ཚོགས། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨའོ་ལིན་ཕིག་ལུས་རྩལ་འགྲན་ཚོགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%27hoario%C3%B9_Olimpek" title="C&#039;hoarioù Olimpek – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="C&#039;hoarioù Olimpek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpijske_igre" title="Olimpijske igre – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Olimpijske igre" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Олимпиин наадан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Олимпиин наадан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jocs_Ol%C3%ADmpics" title="Jocs Olímpics – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jocs Olímpics" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_%C3%94ng-d%C3%B4ng-hu%C3%B4i" title="Olympic Ông-dông-huôi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Olympic Ông-dông-huôi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="Олимпийн ловзарш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Олимпийн ловзарш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%86%DA%B5%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="یارییەکانی ئۆڵمپیک – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یارییەکانی ئۆڵمپیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympijsk%C3%A9_hry" title="Olympijské hry – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Olympijské hry" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF_%D0%B2%C4%83%D0%B9%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Олимп вăййисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Олимп вăййисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemau_Olympaidd_Modern" title="Gemau Olympaidd Modern – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gemau Olympaidd Modern" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympiske_lege" title="Olympiske lege – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Olympiske lege" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympische_Spiele" title="Olympische Spiele – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Olympische Spiele" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kay%C3%AA_olimpiki" title="Kayê olimpiki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kayê olimpiki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%AE%DE%8D%DE%A9%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%95%DE%A9%DE%86%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%B0" title="އޮލީމްޕީކްސް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އޮލީމްޕީކްސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CE%91%CE%B3%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Olympic Games" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiaj_ludoj" title="Olimpiaj ludoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Olimpiaj ludoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juegos_Ol%C3%ADmpicos" title="Juegos Olímpicos – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Juegos Olímpicos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BC%C3%BCdisaegsed_ol%C3%BCmpiam%C3%A4ngud" title="Nüüdisaegsed olümpiamängud – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nüüdisaegsed olümpiamängud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olinpiar_Jokoak" title="Olinpiar Jokoak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Olinpiar Jokoak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juegus_Ol%C3%ADmpicus" title="Juegus Olímpicus – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Juegus Olímpicus" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="بازی‌های المپیک – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بازی‌های المپیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympialaiset" title="Olympialaiset – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Olympialaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%BCmpiam%C3%A4ngoq" title="Olümpiamängoq – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Olümpiamängoq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympiskir_leikir" title="Olympiskir leikir – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Olympiskir leikir" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeux_olympiques" title="Jeux olympiques – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jeux olympiques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympisk_Spalen" title="Olympisk Spalen – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Olympisk Spalen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympyske_Spullen" title="Olympyske Spullen – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Olympyske Spullen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluich%C3%AD_Oilimpeacha" title="Cluichí Oilimpeacha – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cluichí Oilimpeacha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9_olenpik" title="Jé olenpik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Jé olenpik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_h-Olympics" title="Na h-Olympics – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Na h-Olympics" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xogos_Ol%C3%ADmpicos" title="Xogos Olímpicos – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xogos Olímpicos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91embosaraipav%E1%BA%BD" title="Ñembosaraipavẽ – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñembosaraipavẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B3" title="आर्विल्ले ऑलिंपिक खेळ – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="आर्विल्ले ऑलिंपिक खेळ" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasar_Olympic" title="Gasar Olympic – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Gasar Olympic" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Yun-thung-fi" title="Olympic Yun-thung-fi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Olympic Yun-thung-fi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="המשחקים האולימפיים – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המשחקים האולימפיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="ओलम्पिक खेल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओलम्पिक खेल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Olympic Games" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpijske_igre" title="Olimpijske igre – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Olimpijske igre" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiai_j%C3%A1t%C3%A9kok" title="Olimpiai játékok – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Olimpiai játékok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Օլիմպիական խաղեր – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օլիմպիական խաղեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ողիմպիական Խաղեր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ողիմպիական Խաղեր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jocos_Olympic" title="Jocos Olympic – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Jocos Olympic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpic_Ludes" title="Olimpic Ludes – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Olimpic Ludes" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egwuregwu_Olympic" title="Egwuregwu Olympic – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Egwuregwu Olympic" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiada" title="Olimpiada – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Olimpiada" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BF%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Аьланпхьен ловзараш – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Аьланпхьен ловзараш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiala_Ludi" title="Olimpiala Ludi – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Olimpiala Ludi" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93lymp%C3%ADuleikarnir" title="Ólympíuleikarnir – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ólympíuleikarnir" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giochi_olimpici" title="Giochi olimpici – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giochi olimpici" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E4%BB%A3%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="近代オリンピック – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="近代オリンピック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gim_Olympiad%C3%A9" title="Gim Olympiadé – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gim Olympiadé" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ოლიმპიური თამაშები – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოლიმპიური თამაშები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiyada_oy%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1" title="Olimpiyada oyınları – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Olimpiyada oyınları" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uraren_ulempiyen" title="Uraren ulempiyen – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Uraren ulempiyen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiiki_ale%C9%A3ya" title="Olimpiiki aleɣya – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Olimpiiki aleɣya" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олимпиада ойындары – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Олимпиада ойындары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%A1%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%A1%E1%9E%B6%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80" title="កីឡាអូឡាំពិក – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កីឡាអូឡាំពិក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9F" title="ಒಲಂಪಿಕ್ ಕ್ರೀಡಾಕೂಟ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒಲಂಪಿಕ್ ಕ್ರೀಡಾಕೂಟ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%AC%EB%A6%BC%ED%94%BD" title="올림픽 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="올림픽" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8E%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%90%DA%A9_%DA%A9%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اولَمپِک کھیل – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اولَمپِک کھیل" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AEstik%C3%AAn_Ol%C3%AEmpiyad%C3%AA" title="Lîstikên Olîmpiyadê – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Lîstikên Olîmpiyadê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwariow_Olympek" title="Gwariow Olympek – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gwariow Olympek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олимпиада оюндары – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Олимпиада оюндары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympia_(certamina)" title="Olympia (certamina) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Olympia (certamina)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djuegos_Olimpikos" title="Djuegos Olimpikos – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Djuegos Olimpikos" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympesch_Spiller" title="Olympesch Spiller – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Olympesch Spiller" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Олимпиядин къугъунар – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Олимпиядин къугъунар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juas_Olimpial" title="Juas Olimpial – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Juas Olimpial" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympische_Speule" title="Olympische Speule – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Olympische Speule" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeughi_olimpichi" title="Zeughi olimpichi – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Zeughi olimpichi" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeghes_olimpics" title="Jeghes olimpics – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Jeghes olimpics" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81" title="ກິລາໂອແລມປິກ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ກິລາໂອແລມປິກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpin%C4%97s_%C5%BEaidyn%C4%97s" title="Olimpinės žaidynės – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Olimpinės žaidynės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpisk%C4%81s_sp%C4%93les" title="Olimpiskās spēles – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Olimpiskās spēles" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="ओलम्पिक खेल – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="ओलम्पिक खेल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiade" title="Olimpiade – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Olimpiade" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Олимпиконь налхкоматне – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Олимпиконь налхкоматне" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalao_Olimpika" title="Lalao Olimpika – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lalao Olimpika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Олимпий модмаш – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Олимпий модмаш" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C4%81_Orimipia" title="Ngā Orimipia – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ngā Orimipia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Олимписки игри – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Олимписки игри" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഒളിമ്പിക്സ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒളിമ്പിക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Олимпын наадам – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Олимпын наадам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="ऑलिंपिक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ऑलिंपिक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukan_Olimpik" title="Sukan Olimpik – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sukan Olimpik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log%C4%A7ob_Olimpiku" title="Logħob Olimpiku – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Logħob Olimpiku" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogos_Oul%C3%ADmpicos" title="Jogos Oulímpicos – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Jogos Oulímpicos" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA" title="အိုလံပစ် အားကစားပွဲတော် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုလံပစ် အားကစားပွဲတော်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="المپیک – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="المپیک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juoche_olimpiche" title="Juoche olimpiche – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Juoche olimpiche" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympsche_Spele" title="Olympsche Spele – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Olympsche Spele" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="ओलम्पिक खेल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ओलम्पिक खेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="ओलम्पिक कासा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ओलम्पिक कासा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympische_Spelen" title="Olympische Spelen – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Olympische Spelen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympiske_leikar" title="Olympiske leikar – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Olympiske leikar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympiske_leker" title="Olympiske leker – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Olympiske leker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammes_Ol%C5%B7mpiques" title="Gammes Olŷmpiques – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Gammes Olŷmpiques" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B2cs_Olimpics" title="Jòcs Olimpics – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Jòcs Olimpics" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiaduki%C5%BEat" title="Olimpiadukižat – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Olimpiadukižat" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BE" title="ଅଲିମ୍ପିକ କ୍ରୀଡ଼ା – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅଲିମ୍ପିକ କ୍ରୀଡ଼ା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਓਲੰਪਿਕ ਖੇਡਾਂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਓਲੰਪਿਕ ਖੇਡਾਂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weganan_Olimpico" title="Weganan Olimpico – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Weganan Olimpico" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jus_olimpikes" title="Jus olimpikes – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Jus olimpikes" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igrzyska_olimpijskie" title="Igrzyska olimpijskie – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Igrzyska olimpijskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gieugh_ol%C3%ACmpich_modern" title="Gieugh olìmpich modern – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Gieugh olìmpich modern" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="اولمپکس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اولمپکس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogos_Ol%C3%ADmpicos" title="Jogos Olímpicos – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jogos Olímpicos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apuwasinyuq_pukllaykuna" title="Apuwasinyuq pukllaykuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Apuwasinyuq pukllaykuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gieus_olimpics" title="Gieus olimpics – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Gieus olimpics" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jocurile_Olimpice" title="Jocurile Olimpice – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jocurile Olimpice" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олимпийские игры – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Олимпийские игры" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олімпійскы гры – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Олімпійскы гры" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Олимпия оонньуулара – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Олимпия оонньуулара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0_%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%B0" title="ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giogos_ol%C3%ACmpicos" title="Giogos olìmpicos – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Giogos olìmpicos" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B2cura_Ol%C3%ACmpici" title="Jòcura Olìmpici – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Jòcura Olìmpici" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Gemmes" title="Olympic Gemmes – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Olympic Gemmes" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%DA%AA_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="اولمپڪ رانديون – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اولمپڪ رانديون" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpijske_igre" title="Olimpijske igre – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Olimpijske igre" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urarn_Ulambiyn" title="Urarn Ulambiyn – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Urarn Ulambiyn" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A" title="ඔලිම්පික් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඔලිම්පික්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Olympic Games" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympijsk%C3%A9_hry_(modern%C3%A9)" title="Olympijské hry (moderné) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Olympijské hry (moderné)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpijske_igre" title="Olimpijske igre – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Olimpijske igre" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27aloga_Olimipeka" title="Ta&#039;aloga Olimipeka – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Ta&#039;aloga Olimipeka" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loj%C3%ABrat_Olimpike" title="Lojërat Olimpike – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lojërat Olimpike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Олимпијске игре – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Олимпијске игре" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiade" title="Olimpiade – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Olimpiade" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympiska_spelen" title="Olympiska spelen – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Olympiska spelen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michezo_ya_Olimpiki" title="Michezo ya Olimpiki – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Michezo ya Olimpiki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஒலிம்பிக்கு விளையாட்டுகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒலிம்பிக்கு விளையாட்டுகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%92%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఒలింపిక్ క్రీడలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఒలింపిక్ క్రీడలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D3%A3" title="Бозиҳои олимпӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бозиҳои олимпӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AC%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="กีฬาโอลิมปิก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กีฬาโอลิมปิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palarong_Olimpiko" title="Palarong Olimpiko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Palarong Olimpiko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiyat_Oyunlar%C4%B1" title="Olimpiyat Oyunları – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Olimpiyat Oyunları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олимпия уеннары – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Олимпия уеннары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Олимпиада – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Олимпиада" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Олімпійські ігри – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Олімпійські ігри" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%BE%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="اولمپکس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اولمپکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpiada_o%CA%BByinlari" title="Olimpiada oʻyinlari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Olimpiada oʻyinlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zughi_O%C5%82%C3%ACnpeghi" title="Zughi Ołìnpeghi – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Zughi Ołìnpeghi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olimpi%C5%BEed_v%C3%A4ndod" title="Olimpižed vändod – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Olimpižed vändod" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_v%E1%BA%ADn_h%E1%BB%99i" title="Thế vận hội – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế vận hội" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djeus_olimpikes" title="Djeus olimpikes – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djeus olimpikes" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamulay_Olimpiko" title="Pamulay Olimpiko – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pamulay Olimpiko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="奧林匹克运动会 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奧林匹克运动会" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A2" title="אלימפיאדע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אלימפיאדע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_%C3%8Cd%C3%ADje_%C3%92l%C3%ADmp%C3%ADk%C3%AC" title="Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympische_Spe%C3%AAl%27n" title="Olympische Speêl&#039;n – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Olympische Speêl&#039;n" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵡⵍⴰⵎⴱⴱⵢⴰⵏⵏ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵡⵍⴰⵎⴱⴱⵢⴰⵏⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="奥林匹克运动会 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥林匹克运动会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="奧林匹克運動會 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="奧林匹克運動會" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_%C5%AAn-t%C5%8Dng-ho%C4%93" title="Olympic Ūn-tōng-hoē – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Olympic Ūn-tōng-hoē" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="奧林匹克運動會 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="奧林匹克運動會" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5389#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Olimpiade" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Olimpiade" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Olimpiade" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;oldid=26477941" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&amp;page=Olimpiade&amp;id=26477941&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOlimpiade"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOlimpiade"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Olimpiade"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Olimpiade&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade&amp;printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5389" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang ajang olahraga internasional. Untuk satuan waktu yang digunakan in ajang ini, lihat <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_(satuan_waktu)" title="Olimpiade (satuan waktu)">Olimpiade (satuan waktu)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Olimpiade</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/220px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/330px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/440px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cincin Olimpiade</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Moto</th><td class="infobox-data catatan"><i>Citius, Altius, Fortius</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Acara pertama</th><td class="infobox-data catatan"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_1896" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 1896">1896</a> di <a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a><br /><small>(Olimpiade Musim Panas)</small><br /> <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1924" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1924">1924</a> di <a href="/wiki/Chamonix" title="Chamonix">Chamonix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a><br /><small>(Olimpiade Musim Dingin)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Terjadi setiap</th><td class="infobox-data">Empat tahun</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Acara terakhir</th><td class="infobox-data catatan"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2024" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2024">2024</a> di <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a><small><br /><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas">Olimpiade Musim Panas</a></small><br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Markas besar</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Acara berikutnya</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2026" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2026">2026</a> di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milan-Cortina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Milan-Cortina (halaman belum tersedia)">Milan-Cortina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a><small><br /><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin">Olimpiade Musim Dingin</a></small><br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Situs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/">www.olympic.org</a><br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olimpiade</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-bottom:1.0em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lima Cincin Olimpiade"><img alt="Lima Cincin Olimpiade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/200px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/300px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/400px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> Topik utama</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemilihan_tuan_rumah_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemilihan tuan rumah Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Pencalonan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perayaan_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Perayaan Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Perayaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piagam_Olimpiade" title="Piagam Olimpiade">Piagam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_kota_penyelenggara_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar kota penyelenggara Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Kota penyelenggara</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">KOI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medali_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Medali Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Medali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klasemen_medali_Olimpiade_sepanjang_masa" title="Klasemen medali Olimpiade sepanjang masa">Klasemen medali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_peraih_medali_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar peraih medali Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Peraih medali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Nasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Nasional">KON</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skandal_dan_kontroversi_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Skandal dan kontroversi Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Skandal dan kontroversi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olahraga_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olahraga Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Olahraga</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simbol_Olimpiade" title="Simbol Olimpiade">Simbol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_estafet_obor_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar estafet obor Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Estafet obor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_gelanggang_olahraga_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar gelanggang olahraga Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Gelanggang olahraga</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> Pertandingan</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas">Musim Panas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin">Musim Dingin</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paralimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Paralimpiade Musim Panas">Paralimpiade Musim Panas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Paralimpiade Musim Dingin">Paralimpiade Musim Dingin</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Remaja_Musim_Panas" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Remaja Musim Panas">Remaja Musim Panas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Remaja_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Remaja Musim Dingin">Remaja Musim Dingin</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Kuno" title="Olimpiade Kuno">Kuno</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Olimpiade-top" title="Templat:Olimpiade-top"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Olimpiade-top&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Olimpiade-top (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Olimpiade-top&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Olimpiade</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Prancis" title="Bahasa Prancis">bahasa Prancis</a>: <i>les Jeux olympiques</i>, <i>JO</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> adalah <a href="/wiki/Ajang_olahraga" title="Ajang olahraga">ajang olahraga</a> <a href="/wiki/Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Internasional">internasional</a> empat tahunan yang mempertandingkan cabang-cabang olahraga <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Musim_dingin" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a> serta diikuti oleh ribuan atlet yang berkompetisi dalam berbagai pertandingan olahraga. Olimpiade merupakan kompetisi olahraga terbesar dan terkemuka di dunia, dengan lebih dari 200 negara berpartisipasi.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Awalnya, Olimpiade hanya berlangsung di <a href="/wiki/Yunani_kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunani kuno">Yunani kuno</a> sampai akhirnya pada tahun 393 M Olimpiade kuno ini dihentikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">Kaisar Romawi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodosius" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Theodosius">Theodosius</a>. Olimpiade kemudian dihidupkan kembali oleh seorang bangsawan <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> bernama <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Coubertin" title="Pierre de Coubertin">Pierre Frèdy Baron de Coubertin</a> pada tahun 1896. Dalam kongres pada tahun 1894 yang diselenggarakan di <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, didirikanlah <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a> (IOC) dan ibu kota <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a> dipilih sebagai tuan rumah Olimpiade modern pertama tahun 1896. Selanjutnya, sejak tahun 1896 sampai sekarang, setiap empat tahun sekali <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas">Olimpiade Musim Panas</a> senantiasa diadakan kecuali tahun-tahun pada masa <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Edisi khusus untuk <a href="/wiki/Olahraga_musim_dingin" title="Olahraga musim dingin">olahraga musim dingin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin">Olimpiade Musim Dingin</a>, mulai diadakan pada tahun 1924. Awalnya Olimpiade Musim Dingin diadakan pada tahun yang sama dengan Olimpiade Musim Panas, namun sejak tahun 1994 Olimpiade Musim Dingin diadakan setiap empat tahun sekali, dengan selang waktu dua tahun dari penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Musim Panas. </p><p>Evolusi yang dilakukan oleh IOC selama abad ke-20 dan 21 telah menyebabkan beberapa perubahan pada penyelenggaraan Olimpiade. Beberapa penyesuaian dilakukan, termasuk penciptaan Olimpiade Musim Dingin untuk olahraga es dan salju, <a href="/wiki/Paralimpiade" title="Paralimpiade">Paralimpiade</a> untuk atlet dengan kekurangan fisik dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Remaja" title="Olimpiade Remaja">Olimpiade Remaja</a> untuk para atlet remaja. Dalam perkembangannya, Olimpiade telah menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti pemboikotan, penggunaan obat-obatan, penyuapan dan terorisme. Olimpiade juga merupakan kesempatan besar bagi kota dan negara tuan rumah untuk menampilkan diri kepada dunia. </p><p>Gerakan Olimpiade terdiri dari Federasi Olahraga Internasional (IF), Komite Olimpiade Nasional (NOC), dan Komite Pengorganisasian Olimpiade (OCOG). Sebagai badan pembuat keputusan, IOC bertanggung jawab untuk memilih kota tuan rumah untuk setiap Pertandingan, serta mengatur dan mendanai Olimpiade sesuai dengan Piagam Olimpiade. IOC juga menentukan program Olimpiade, yang terdiri dari cabang olahraga yang akan dipertandingkan di Olimpiade. Ada beberapa ritual dan simbol Olimpiade, seperti bendera dan obor Olimpiade, serta upacara pembukaan dan penutupan. Lebih dari 13.000 atlet bersaing di Olimpiade Musim Panas dan Musim Dingin di 33 olahraga yang berbeda dan hampir 400 pertandingan. Para pemenang pertama, kedua, dan ketiga di masing-masing pertandingan menerima medali Olimpiade: emas, perak, dan perunggu, masing-masing. </p><p>Di <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, Olimpiade yang sering dikenal dan secara rutin diikuti adalah Olimpiade Musim Panas. Indonesia sendiri pertama kali berpartisipasi pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Helsinki_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Helsinki 1952">Olimpiade Helsinki 1952</a> di <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan tak pernah absen berpartisipasi pada tahun-tahun berikutnya, kecuali pada tahun 1964 dan 1980. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Olimpiade_kuno">Olimpiade kuno</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:20090725_olympia22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/20090725_olympia22.jpg/250px-20090725_olympia22.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/20090725_olympia22.jpg/375px-20090725_olympia22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/20090725_olympia22.jpg/500px-20090725_olympia22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Stadion Olimpiade kuno di <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Yunani" title="Olympia, Yunani">Olympia, Yunani</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pertandingan Olimpiade kuno adalah festival keagamaan dan <a href="/wiki/Atletik" title="Atletik">atletik</a> yang diadakan setiap empat tahun di <a href="/wiki/Suaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Suaka">suaka</a> <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>, di Olympia, Yunani. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwaddling20008_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwaddling20008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>Kompetisi ini diikuti oleh perwakilan dari beberapa <a href="/wiki/Negara_kota" title="Negara kota">negara kota</a> dan kerajaan <a href="/wiki/Yunani_Kuno" title="Yunani Kuno">Yunani Kuno</a>. Kompetisi ini menampilkan olahraga atletik sebagai kompetisi olahraga utama dan kompetisi olahraga pertempuran seperti <a href="/wiki/Gulat" title="Gulat">gulat</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">pankration</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Pacuan_kuda" title="Pacuan kuda">pacuan kuda</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Balap_kereta_perang" title="Balap kereta perang">balap kereta perang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwaddling200054_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwaddling200054-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebuah tulisan di tablet perunggu menjelaskan bahwa selama Olimpiade, semua konflik di antara negara-negara kota yang berpartisipasi dihentikan selama Olimpiade berlangsung dan yang melanggar akan dikenai denda sebanyak satu <a href="/wiki/Talenta" title="Talenta">talenta</a> <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">perak</a>. Gencatan senjata ini dikenal sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gencatan_senjata_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gencatan senjata Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">gencatan senjata Olimpiade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwaddling200011-12_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwaddling200011-12-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ide ini adalah mitos modern karena orang-orang Yunani tidak pernah menangguhkan perang mereka. Gencatan senjata itu hanya memungkinkan para peziarah religius yang sedang melakukan perjalanan ke Olympia untuk melewati wilayah yang berperang tanpa gangguan karena mereka dilindungi oleh Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada perhelatan pesta Olimpiade, perjanjian perdamaian atau persekutuan antar bangsa beberapa kali terjadi.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Asal usul Olimpiade diselimuti legenda dan mitos; salah satu mitos paling populer mengidentifikasi Herakles dan ayahnya Zeus sebagai nenek moyang dari Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung200811-13_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung200811-13-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Menurut legenda, <a href="/wiki/Herakles" title="Herakles">Herakles</a> lah yang pertama kali menyebut pertandingan "Olimpiade" dan menetapkan kebiasaan penyelenggaraannya setiap empat tahun.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mitos berlanjut bahwa setelah Heracles menyelesaikan <a href="/wiki/Tugas-tugas_Herakles" title="Tugas-tugas Herakles">dua belas tugas Herakles</a>, dia membangun <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Olimpiade" title="Stadion Olimpiade">Stadion Olimpiade</a> sebagai penghormatan untuk Zeus. Setelah selesai, ia berjalan lurus sebanyak 200 langkah dan menyebut jarak ini sebagai "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stadion_(unit_satuan)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stadion (unit satuan) (halaman belum tersedia)">stadion</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>&#58; <span lang="el">στάδιον</span>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">Bahasa Latin</a>: <i>stadium</i>, "panggung"), yang kemudian menjadi satuan jarak. Tanggal awal mula pelaksaan Olimpiade Kuno yang paling banyak disetujui adalah 776 SM yang bersumber dari sebuah <a href="/wiki/Prasasti" title="Prasasti">prasasti</a> yanlakukg ditemukan di Olympia. Prasasti ini berisi daftar pemenang lomba lari yang diadakan setiap empat tahun sekali yang pertama kali dimulai pada 776 SM.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pertandingan Olimpiade kuno menampilkan lomba lari, <a href="/wiki/Pancalomba" title="Pancalomba">pancalomba</a> (terdiri dari melompat, <a href="/wiki/Lempar_cakram" title="Lempar cakram">lempar cakram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lempar_lembing" title="Lempar lembing">lempar lembing</a>, lomba lari, dan gulat), tinju, gulat, <i>pankration</i>, dan <a href="/wiki/Berkuda" title="Berkuda">berkuda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Berdasarkan pahatan di nisannya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coroebus_dari_Elis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Coroebus dari Elis (halaman belum tersedia)">Coroebus</a>, juru masak dari kota <a href="/wiki/Elis" title="Elis">Elis</a> merupakan juara Olimpiade pertama.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Olimpiade memiliki kepentingan keagamaan yang besar karena acara ritual pengorbanan untuk menghormati Zeus ( patung oleh <a href="/wiki/Feidias" title="Feidias">Feidias</a> yang pernah ada di <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Yunani" title="Olympia, Yunani">Olympia</a>) dan <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9lops" title="Pélops">Pelops</a>, pahlawan suci dan raja mitos dari olympia dilaksanakan bersamaan dengan acara olahraga. Pelops terkenal karena cerita tentang dirinya yang melakukan balap kereta perang dengan Raja <a href="/wiki/Oenomaus_(budak_pemberontak)" title="Oenomaus (budak pemberontak)">Oenomaus</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pisa,_Yunani&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pisa, Yunani (halaman belum tersedia)">Pisatis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurkert198395_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurkert198395-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Perlombaan ini diadakan setiap empat tahun sekali dan rentang waktu ini dikenal dengan nama <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_(satuan_waktu)" title="Olimpiade (satuan waktu)">Olimpiade</a> dan digunakan oleh Bangsa Yunani Kuno sebagai satuan waktu. Kompetisi ini menjadi bagian siklus yang dikenal dengan nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pesta_Olahraga_Panhellenik&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pesta Olahraga Panhellenik (halaman belum tersedia)">Pesta Olahraga Panhellenik</a> yang juga memasukkan <a href="/wiki/Pesta_Olahraga_Pitia" title="Pesta Olahraga Pitia">Pesta Olahraga Pitia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pesta_Olahraga_Nemea" title="Pesta Olahraga Nemea">Pesta Olahraga Nemea</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pertandingan_Isthmia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pertandingan Isthmia">Pesta Olahraga Isthmia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Berbagai pertandingan dalam Olimpiade kuno memiliki peraturan yang keras. Pada pertandingan lari, pelari berpacu secepat-cepatnya tanpa memakai alas kaki dan telanjang.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Para penunggang kuda juga diperlombakan tanpa menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Pelana" title="Pelana">pelana</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Sanggurdi" title="Sanggurdi">sanggurdi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Para peloncat membawa <i>halteres</i> yang berfungsi sebagai pemberat yang diayun-ayunkan untuk menambah dorongan maju yang menambah jarak lompat. Olahraga yang terkeras adalah <i>pankration</i>, yakni perpaduan antara <a href="/wiki/Gulat" title="Gulat">gulat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tinju" title="Tinju">tinju</a> gaya tradisional.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Para atlet boleh menyerang bagian tubuh manapun, kecuali mencungkil mata, hidung, mulut, menggigit, dan menyerang alat kelamin. Atlet yang melanggar peraturan ini akan dihukum oleh wasit.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tidak ada peraturan waktu, poin dan kategori beat badan dalam olahraga tinju. Pihak yang kalah dalam olahraga pertarungan harus mengacungkan jari telunjuk sebagai tanda mengaku kalah untuk menghindari kematiannya.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Olimpiade kuno hanya boleh diikuti oleh para pria dan perempuan yang telah menikah tidak boleh menonton perlombaan ini, kecuali pendeta <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Dewi Demeter</a>. Perempuan yang melanggar peraturan ini akan dikenakan hukuman mati.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pemenang pertandingan mendapatkan <a href="/wiki/Bumban_zaitun" title="Bumban zaitun">bumban zaitun</a> sebagai pengganti <a href="/wiki/Medali" title="Medali">medali</a>. Kadang-kadang sang juara diarak masuk kota melalui sebuah lubang yang dibuat khusus pada tembok kota. Mereka dielu-elukan di jalan kota dan disambut pembacaan <a href="/wiki/Puisi" title="Puisi">puisi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwadling199990-93_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESwadling199990-93-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Penghargaan lain kepada olahragawan berprestasi berupa pembebasan dari <a href="/wiki/Pajak" title="Pajak">pajak</a> dan mendapat makanan gratis. Beberapa kota juga memberikan bonus uang dalam jumlah besar. Bahkan negara mendirikan patung mereka atau menjadi gambar di koin-koin khusus.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saat ini di wilayah Olympia, Yunani, banyak bangunan-bangunan peninggalan olimpiade kuno, seperti stadion, gelanggang dan <a href="/wiki/Hipodrom" title="Hipodrom">hipodrom</a> yang dilestarikan dan dilindungi oleh pemerintah Yunani.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Di Olympia juga masih dijumpai batu-batu yang merupakan pijakan olahraga lari. Pijakan batu itu disusun sedemikian rupa agar para pelari bisa mendapat ruang gerak ke kiri dan ke kanan. Pada saat start para pelari harus menempatkan telapak kaki pada batu-batu pijakan itu. Ada pula panel-panel tentang lomba lari khusus membawa <a href="/wiki/Perisai" title="Perisai">perisai</a>. Lomba ini banyak disukai penonton karena dianggap lucu.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Olimpiade selalu diwarnai lomba kereta perang dengan empat kuda yang dimulai sejak 680 SM. Kompetisi diikuti hingga 40 kereta dijajarkan dalam kandang di gerbang keluar. Jarak yang ditempuh hampir 14&#160;km, yakni 12 kali putaran mengelilingi lintasan. Berbeda dengan Olimpiade modern, dulu bumban zaitun tidak diberikan kepada <a href="/wiki/Sais" title="Sais">sais</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Joki" title="Joki">joki</a>, melainkan kepada pemilik kereta dan kuda yang umumnya orang-orang kaya.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada suatu perlombaan, <a href="/wiki/Alkibiades" title="Alkibiades">Alkibiades</a> memperlombakan tujuh buah kereta perang sekaligus dan memenangkan peringkat pertama, kedua dan keempat sehingga disimpulkan bahwa kemenangan biasanya ditujukan kepada pemilik kereta, bukan sais kereta perang.<sup id="cite_ref-Th6.16_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Th6.16-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Olimpiade mencapai puncaknya pada abad ke-6 dan ke-5 SM, tetapi kemudian secara bertahap mengalami penurunan popularitas seiring jatuhnya Yunani ke tangan <a href="/wiki/Romawi" class="mw-disambig" title="Romawi">Romawi</a>. Tidak ada konsensus yang menyatakan secara resmi mengenai kapan berakhirnya Olimpiade, tetapi teori yang paling umum dipegang saat ini adalah pada tahun 393 M, saat <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">Kaisar Romawi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_I" title="Theodosius I">Theodosius I</a> menyatakan bahwa semua budaya praktik-praktik kuno Yunani harus dihilangkan. Kemudian, pada tahun 426 M, <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_II" title="Theodosius II">Theodosius II</a> memerintahkan penghancuran semua kuil Yunani. Setelah itu, Olimpiade tidak diadakan lagi sampai akhir abad ke-19.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Olimpiade_modern">Olimpiade modern</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pelopor">Pelopor</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Brookes_1876.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Brookes_1876.jpg/150px-Brookes_1876.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Brookes_1876.jpg/225px-Brookes_1876.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Brookes_1876.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="286" /></a><figcaption>Dr. William Penny Brookes.</figcaption></figure> <p>Berbagai penggunaan istilah "Olimpiade" untuk menggambarkan kejadian atletik pada era modern telah didokumentasikan sejak abad ke-17. Acara pertama tersebut adalah Olimpiade Cotswold atau "Cotswold Olimpick Games", sebuah pertemuan tahunan di dekat Chipping Campden, Inggris, melibatkan berbagai olahraga. Ini pertama kali diselenggarakan oleh pengacara Robert Dover antara 1612 dan 1642, dengan beberapa perayaan berlanjut hingga hari ini. Asosiasi Olimpiade Britania Raya, dalam tawarannya untuk Olimpiade 2012 di London, menyebutkan Olimpiade ini sebagai "yang pertama dari awal Olimpiade Inggris". Ajang olahraga pertama yang pelaksanaannya serupa dengan Olimpiade kuno adalah <i>L'Olympiade de la République</i>, sebuah festival olahraga nasional yang diadakan pada tahun 1796 sampai 1798 selama masa <a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Prancis" title="Revolusi Prancis">Revolusi Prancis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-frencholympics_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frencholympics-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam pelaksanaannya, ajang ini mengadopsi beberapa peraturan-peraturan yang berlaku dalam Olimpiade kuno. Ajang ini juga menandai diterapkannya <a href="/wiki/Sistem_metrik" title="Sistem metrik">sistem metrik</a> ke dalam cabang-cabang olahraga.<sup id="cite_ref-frencholympics_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frencholympics-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 1834 dan 1836 Olimpiade diadakan di Ramlösa (Swedia) dan ditambah di Stockholm (Swedia) 1843, semuanya diselenggarakan oleh Gustaf Johan Schartau dan lainnya. Sebanyak 25.000 penonton menyaksikan permainan. </p><p>Pada tahun 1850 sebuah Kelas Olimpiade didirikan oleh Dr. William Penny Brookes di <a href="/wiki/Much_Wenlock" title="Much Wenlock">Much Wenlock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shropshire" title="Shropshire">Shropshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inggris" title="Inggris">Inggris</a>. Selanjutnya, pada tahun 1859, Dr. Brookes mengganti nama Kelas Olimpiade menjadi Olimpiade Wenlock. Ajang tersebut tetap diadakan hingga hari ini.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tanggal 15 November 1860, Dr. Brookes membentuk Perkumpulan Olimpiade Wenlock.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:28</sup></span> Antara tahun 1862 dan 1867, di <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> diadakan ajang <i>Grand Olympic Festival</i>. Ajang ini dicetuskan oleh John Hulley dan Charles Melly dan merupakan ajang olahraga pertama yang bersifat internasional, meskipun atlet-atlet yang berpartisipasi kebanyakan merupakan "atlet amatir".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Penyelenggaraan Olimpiade modern pertama di <a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a> pada tahun 1896 hampir identik dengan Olimpiade Liverpool.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 1865, Hulley, Dr. Brookes dan EG Ravenstein mendirikan Asosiasi Olimpiade Nasional di Liverpool, yang merupakan cikal bakal terbentuknya <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Eropa" title="Komite Olimpiade Eropa">Asosiasi Olimpiade Britania Raya</a>. Selanjutnya, pada tahun 1866, sebuah ajang bernama Olimpiade Nasional Britania Raya diselenggarakan di <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> untuk pertama kalinya.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kebangkitan">Kebangkitan</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Pierre_Fr%C3%A9dy_Baron_de_Coubertin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pierre_Fr%C3%A9dy_Baron_de_Coubertin.png/160px-Pierre_Fr%C3%A9dy_Baron_de_Coubertin.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Pierre_Fr%C3%A9dy_Baron_de_Coubertin.png 1.5x" data-file-width="211" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Coubertin" title="Pierre de Coubertin">Baron Pierre de Coubertin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Semangat <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Yunani" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Yunani">bangsa Yunani</a> untuk menghidupkan kembali Olimpiade dimulai seiring dengan berlangsungnya <a href="/wiki/Perang_Kemerdekaan_Yunani" title="Perang Kemerdekaan Yunani">Perang Kemerdekaan</a> antara Yunani dengan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Ottoman" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Ottoman">Kekaisaran Ottoman</a> pada tahun 1821. Ide untuk membangkitkan Olimpiade pertama kali dicetuskan oleh seorang <a href="/wiki/Penyair" title="Penyair">penyair</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Editor">editor</a> <a href="/wiki/Majalah" title="Majalah">majalah</a> bernama Panagiotis Soutsos lewat puisinya yang berjudul <i>"Dialogue of the Dead"</i> yang diterbitkan pada tahun 1833.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:1</sup></span> <a href="/wiki/Evangelis_Zappas" title="Evangelis Zappas">Evangelis Zappas</a>, seorang pengusaha <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a>-<a href="/wiki/Rumania" title="Rumania">Rumania</a> adalah orang yang pertama kali menulis kepada Raja Otto, menawarkan untuk mendanai kebangkitan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:14</sup></span> Zappas mensponsori penyelenggaraan Olimpiade pada tahun 1859 yang diselenggarakan di pusat kota Athena. Atlet-atlet yang berpartisipasi dalam ajang tersebut berasal dari Yunani dan Kekaisaran Ottoman. Zappas juga mendanai perenovasian <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panathinaiko_Stadium" class="extiw" title="en:Panathinaiko Stadium">Stadion Panathinaiko</a> kuno agar dapat dipakai sebagai tempat penyelenggaraan Olimpiade pada tahun-tahun berikutnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:14</sup></span> </p><p>Stadion Panathinaiko digunakan sebagai tempat penyelenggaraan Olimpiade tahun 1870 dan 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:2, 13–23, 81</sup></span> Sekitar Tiga puluh ribu penonton menghadiri Olimpiade pada tahun 1870 namun tidak ada catatan kehadiran resmi yang tersedia untuk penyelenggaraan Olimpiade tahun 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:44</sup></span> Pada tahun 1890, setelah menghadiri Olimpiade Wenlock, seorang <a href="/wiki/Sejarawan" title="Sejarawan">sejarawan</a> <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> bernama <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Coubertin" title="Pierre de Coubertin">Baron Pierre de Coubertin</a> terinspirasi untuk mendirikan <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a> <i>(International Olympic Committee</i>/IOC).<sup id="cite_ref-wenlock_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wenlock-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Coubertin punya ide untuk menyelenggarakan suatu ajang Olimpiade internasional setiap empat tahun sekali berdasarkan ajang Olimpiade Yunani yang dibangkitkan oleh Brookes dan Zappas.<sup id="cite_ref-wenlock_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wenlock-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dia mempresentasikan ide ini dalam kongres pertama IOC yang berlangsung pada tanggal 16-23 Juni 1894 di <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Sorbonne" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitas Sorbonne">Universitas Sorbonne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. Pada hari terakhir kongres, diputuskan bahwa penyelenggaraan Olimpiade internasional berada di bawah naungan IOC dan penyelenggaraan pertamanya akan dilangsungkan di <a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> pada tahun 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hasil kongres juga memutuskan bahwa penulis Demetrius Vikelas dari Yunani terpilih sebagai presiden IOC pertama.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:100–105</sup></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olimpiade_1896">Olimpiade 1896</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Stamp_of_Greece._1896_Olympic_Games._2l.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Stamp_of_Greece._1896_Olympic_Games._2l.jpg/160px-Stamp_of_Greece._1896_Olympic_Games._2l.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Stamp_of_Greece._1896_Olympic_Games._2l.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="247" /></a><figcaption>Perangko peringatan Olimpiade Athena 1896.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg/220px-1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg/330px-1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg/440px-1896_Olympic_opening_ceremony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Upacara pembukaan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_1896" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 1896">Olimpiade Athena 1896</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_1896" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 1896">Olimpiade Athena 1896</a></div> <p>Olimpiade pertama yang diadakan di bawah naungan IOC berlangsung di stadion Panathinaiko, Athena, pada tahun 1896. Olimpiade pertama ini diikuti oleh 14 negara dengan total 241 <a href="/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet">atlet</a> yang berlaga dalam 43 pertandingan.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Seperti janjinya pada Pemerintah Yunani, Zappas dan sepupunya, Konstantinos Zappas turut membantu membiayai penyelenggaraan Olimpiade 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:117</sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> George Averoff, seorang pengusaha Yunani bersedia untuk mendanai perenovasian stadion dalam rangka persiapan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:128</sup></span> Pemerintah Yunani juga turut menyediakan dana, berharap dana tersebut dapat diperoleh kembali melalui penjualan tiket dan dari penjualan set <a href="/wiki/Prangko" title="Prangko">prangko</a> peringatan Olimpiade pertama.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:128</sup></span> </p><p>Sebagian besar atlet yang berpartisipasi dalam Olimpiade Athena 1896 berasal dari Yunani, <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>. Negara-negara tersebut juga menguasai perolehan medali.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:128</sup></span> Pada saat itu, wanita tidak boleh berpartisipasi. Penyelenggara menyebut kesertaan mereka tidak praktis, tidak menarik, dan tidak tepat. Sekitar 80.000 penonton hadir, termasuk <a href="/wiki/George_I_dari_Yunani" class="mw-redirect" title="George I dari Yunani">Raja George I dari Yunani</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meskipun Yunani tidak berpengalaman dalam menyelenggarakan ajang olahraga internasional dan awalnya juga mempunyai masalah keuangan, namun akhirnya berhasil mempersiapkan segalanya tepat waktu. Jumlah atlet yang berpartisipasi juga terbilang kecil jika dibandingkan dengan ukuran saat ini, namun Olimpiade 1896 merupakan keikutsertaan internasional terbesar untuk ajang olahraga pada masanya. Olimpiade tersebut pun terbukti sukses bagi rakyat Yunani.<sup id="cite_ref-Young_33-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:128</sup></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perubahan_dan_adaptasi">Perubahan dan adaptasi</h3></div> <p>Setelah kesuksesan Olimpiade 1896, Olimpiade memasuki masa-masa stagnasi yang mengancam keberlangsungan ajang tersebut. <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Paris_1900" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Paris 1900">Olimpiade Paris 1900</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_St._Louis_1904" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade St. Louis 1904">Olimpiade St. Louis 1904</a> adalah buktinya. Olimpiade Paris tidak memiliki stadion, namun ini adalah Olimpiade di mana pertama kalinya wanita diizinkan ikut serta dalam pertandingan. Olimpiade St. Louis tahun 1904 diikuti oleh 650 atlet, namun 580 di antaranya berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>. Hal-hal di atas menjadi dasar bagi IOC untuk melakukan perubahan pada Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Olimpiade ditata ulang setelah diadakannya <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Interkala_1906" title="Olimpiade Interkala 1906">Olimpiade Interkala</a> (disebut demikian karena Olimpiade ini adalah Olimpiade ketiga yang diadakan sebelum waktu penyelenggaraan Olimpiade ketiga) pada tahun 1906 di Athena. Olimpiade Interkala ini tidak diakui secara resmi oleh IOC dan tidak pernah diselenggarakan lagi sejak saat itu. Namun, Olimpiade Interkala yang diselenggarakan di Stadion Panathinaiko, Athena ini telah menarik minat banyak peserta secara internasional dan menghasilkan kepentingan publik yang besar, menandai kenaikan popularitas dan ukuran dari Olimpiade itu sendiri.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin">Olimpiade Musim Dingin</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin">Olimpiade Musim Dingin</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472,_St._Moritz,_Winterolympiade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472%2C_St._Moritz%2C_Winterolympiade.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472%2C_St._Moritz%2C_Winterolympiade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472%2C_St._Moritz%2C_Winterolympiade.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472%2C_St._Moritz%2C_Winterolympiade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472%2C_St._Moritz%2C_Winterolympiade.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-05472%2C_St._Moritz%2C_Winterolympiade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="528" /></a><figcaption>Pertandingan <a href="/wiki/Hoki" title="Hoki">hoki</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1928" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1928">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1928</a> di <a href="/wiki/St._Moritz" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Olimpiade Musim Dingin (pertama kali diadakan di Chamonix, Prancis, pada tahun 1924) diciptakan untuk memperlombakan cabang-cabang olahraga musim dingin seperti <a href="/wiki/Seluncur_es" title="Seluncur es">seluncur es</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ski" class="mw-disambig" title="Ski">ski</a> yang tidak bisa diperlombakan dalam Olimpiade Musim Panas. Seluncur es (tahun 1908 dan 1920) serta <a href="/wiki/Hoki" title="Hoki">hoki</a> (tahun 1920) pernah diperlombakan dalam ajang Olimpiade Musim Panas. IOC ingin memperluas daftar tersebut dengan ikut memperlombakan cabang-cabang olahraga untuk musim dingin lainnya. Pada kongres Olimpiade tahun 1921 di <a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>, diputuskan untuk menyelenggarakan versi <a href="/wiki/Musim_dingin" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a> dari Olimpiade. Acara bertajuk Pekan Olahraga Musim Dingin diadakan pada tahun 1924 di <a href="/wiki/Chamonix" title="Chamonix">Chamonix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a>. Acara ini menjadi penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Musim Dingin pertama.<sup id="cite_ref-chamonix_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chamonix-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada awalnya, IOC memutuskan untuk menyelenggarakan Olimpiade Musim Dingin pada tahun yang sama dengan penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Musim Panas.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tradisi ini bertahan sampai <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1992" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1992">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1992</a> di Albertville, Prancis. Setelah itu, sejak tahun 1994 Olimpiade Musim Dingin diadakan setiap dua tahun berselang setelah penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Musim Panas.<sup id="cite_ref-chamonix_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chamonix-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jumlah negara yang berpartisipasi dalam Olimpiade Musim Dingin juga lebih sedikit dibandingkan Olimpiade Musim Panas, karena negara-negara yang berada di <a href="/wiki/Ekuator" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekuator">ekuator</a> tidak mengenal <a href="/wiki/Olahraga_musim_dingin" title="Olahraga musim dingin">olahraga musim dingin</a> dan juga tidak memiliki fasilitas untuk olahraga tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-chamonix_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chamonix-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paralimpiade">Paralimpiade</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Paralimpiade" title="Paralimpiade">Paralimpiade</a></div><p> Pada tahun 1948, Sir Ludwig Guttmann, yang bertekad untuk mempromosikan rehabilitasi prajurit yang cacat akibat <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a> menyelenggarakan pertandingan olahraga antar rumah sakit bertepatan dengan penyelenggaraan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_1948" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 1948">Olimpiade London 1948</a>. Pertandingan tersebut dikenal sebagai <i>Stoke Mandeville Games</i> dan selanjutnya diselenggarakan setiap tahunnya selama dua belas tahun. Kemudian, dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Roma_1960" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Roma 1960">Olimpiade Roma 1960</a>, Guttman membawa 400 atlet untuk berlaga dalam ajang Olimpiade Paralel, yang kemudian dikenal sebagai Paralimpiade pertama. Sejak itu, Paralimpiade telah diselenggarakan di setiap tahun penyelenggaraan Olimpiade. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Seoul_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Seoul 1988">Olimpiade 1988</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> sebagai kota tuan rumah juga menjadi tuan rumah untuk penyelenggaraan Paralimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 2001, <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a> (IOC) dan <a href="/wiki/Komite_Paralimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Paralimpiade Internasional">Komite Paralimpiade Internasional</a> (IPC) menandatangani perjanjian yang menjamin bahwa kota tuan rumah Olimpiade juga akan dikontrak untuk menjadi tuan rumah Paralimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-Parahist_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parahist-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Perjanjian ini mulai diberlakukan dalam penyelenggaraan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Musim Panas Beijing 2008</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_Vancouver_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin Vancouver 2010">Olimpiade Musim Dingin Vancouver 2010</a>. Ketua panitia <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade Musim Panas London 2012</a>, Lord Coe, menyatakan soal penyelenggaraan Olimpiade dan Paralimpiade 2012 di <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>:</p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg/250px-031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg/375px-031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg/500px-031164_-_Tokyo_opening_ceremony_-7_-_1a_-_adjusted.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1867" data-file-height="1186" /></a><figcaption>Upacara pembukaan <a href="/wiki/Paralimpiade" title="Paralimpiade">Paralimpiade</a> Tokyo 1964.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21477316">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Kami ingin mengubah sikap publik terhadap kecacatan, merayakan kehebatan olahraga Paralimpik dan untuk menegaskan bahwa dua pertandingan ini adalah satu keseluruhan yang utuh.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Olimpiade_Remaja">Olimpiade Remaja</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Remaja" title="Olimpiade Remaja">Olimpiade Remaja</a></div> <p>Pada tahun 2010, Olimpiade menambah daftar pertandingannya dengan menyertakan Olimpiade Remaja ke dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade. Olimpiade Remaja ini dimaksudkan untuk memberi kesempatan kepada atlet yang berusia antara 14 sampai 18 tahun untuk berkompetisi dalam Olimpiade. Olimpiade Remaja sebenarnya sudah dicetuskan oleh Presiden IOC, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Rogge" title="Jacques Rogge">Jacques Rogge</a> pada tahun 2001 dan baru disetujui dalam Kongres IOC ke 119 pada tahun 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-Rogge_introduces_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rogge_introduces-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Remaja_Singapura_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Remaja Singapura 2010">Olimpiade Remaja Musim Panas pertama</a> diselenggarakan di <a href="/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapura</a> pada tanggal 14-26 Agustus 2010, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Remaja_Singapura_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Remaja Singapura 2010">Olimpiade Remaja Musim Dingin pertama</a> diselenggarakan di <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> pada bulan Januari 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Waktu penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Remaja ini akan lebih singkat dibanding Olimpiade yang lainnya; versi musim panasnya berlangsung selama dua belas hari, sedangkan versi musim dinginnya berlangsung selama sembilan hari.<sup id="cite_ref-CRIonYOG_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRIonYOG-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> IOC mengizinkan 3.500 atlet dan 875 ofisial untuk berpartisipasi dalam Olimpiade Remaja Musim Panas, serta 970 atlet dan 580 ofisial di Olimpiade Remaja Musim Dingin.<sup id="cite_ref-YOGisGo_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YOGisGo-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-No_kidding_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-No_kidding-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Cabang olahraga yang diperlombakan akan disesuaikan dengan Olimpiade yang lainnya, namun akan ada variasi pada beberapa cabang olahraga, misalnya tim negara campuran dan tim <a href="/wiki/Gender" title="Gender">gender</a> campuran serta dikuranginya beberapa cabang dan peraturan pertandingan.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olimpiade_masa_kini">Olimpiade masa kini</h3></div> <p>Dengan 241 atlet yang mewakili 14 negara pada tahun 1896, peserta Olimpiade terus tumbuh sepanjang tahun. Pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>, terhitung sebanyak 10.500 atlet dari 204 negara turut berkompetisi dalam Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-iocfactsheet_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iocfactsheet-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sedangkan ruang lingkup dan skala dari Olimpiade Musim Dingin lebih kecil. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2006" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006</a> di <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>, cuma sekitar 2.508 atlet dari 80 negara yang berpartisipasi.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Selama Olimpiade berlangsung, para atlet dan ofisial mereka tinggal di sebuah lokasi yang dinamakan "desa Olimpiade". Desa ini dimaksudkan untuk menjadi sebuah lokasi mandiri bagi semua peserta Olimpiade. Lokasi tersebut juga dilengkapi dengan kafetaria, klinik kesehatan dan <a href="/wiki/Tempat_ibadah" title="Tempat ibadah">tempat ibadah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>IOC memperbolehkan pembentukan <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Nasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Nasional">Komite Olimpiade Nasional</a> (NOC) yang mewakili negara-negara yang tidak berdaulat namun diakui secara internasional. Akibatnya, negara-negara <a href="/wiki/Koloni" title="Koloni">koloni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teritori" class="mw-redirect" title="Teritori">teritori</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Wilayah_dependensi" title="Wilayah dependensi">dependensi</a> diizinkan untuk berlaga di Olimpiade. Negara-negara ini termasuk wilayah seperti <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Riko" title="Puerto Riko">Puerto Riko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, yang semuanya berkompetisi membawa nama negara mereka sendiri meskipun secara hukum merupakan bagian dari negara lain.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 2011, terdapat 206 NOC yang mewakili negara berdaulat dan daerah geografis lainnya. Kesemua 192 <a href="/wiki/Daftar_anggota_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar anggota Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">negara anggota Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> mempunyai Komite Olimpiade Nasional beserta 14 teritori lainnya. Sedangkan NOC lainnya yang belum diakui oleh IOC meliputi Catalan,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Gibraltar Britania,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Polinesia Prancis,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Niue,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kosovo,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Somaliland,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kaledonia Baru,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kurdistan Irak,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Siprus Utara,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Abkhazia,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kepulauan Faroe,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Anguilla, Montserrat, dan Kepulauan Turk &amp; Caicos<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Siege_cio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Siege_cio.jpg/250px-Siege_cio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Siege_cio.jpg/375px-Siege_cio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Siege_cio.jpg/500px-Siege_cio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Kantor pusat IOC di <a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gerakan Olimpiade terdiri dari sejumlah besar organisasi dan federasi olahraga nasional dan internasional, termasuk mitra media beserta atlet, ofisial, juri serta setiap orang dan lembaga yang setuju untuk mematuhi aturan dari <a href="/wiki/Piagam_Olimpiade" title="Piagam Olimpiade">Piagam Olimpiade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-movement_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movement-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebagai organisasi payung dari Gerakan Olimpiade, Komite Olimpiade Internasional (IOC) bertanggung jawab untuk memilih kota tuan rumah, mengawasi perencanaan dan pelaksanaan Olimpiade, memperbaharui dan menyetujui cabang-cabang olahraga yang dipertandingkan dan bernegosiasi dengan sponsor serta pemberian hak siar pada media.<sup id="cite_ref-movement_roles_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-movement_roles-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Komite Olimpiade Internasional terdiri dari tiga badan utama, yaitu: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_federasi_sepak_bola" title="Daftar federasi sepak bola">Federasi Internasional</a> (<i>International Federations</i>/IF): merupakan badan yang mengawasi olahraga di tingkat internasional. Sebagai contoh: <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">Federasi Internasional Sepak Bola</a> (FIFA) adalah IF untuk olahraga sepak bola, <a href="/wiki/Federasi_Bola_Voli_Internasional" title="Federasi Bola Voli Internasional">Federasi Bola Voli Internasional</a> (FIVB) adalah IF untuk olahraga bola voli. Saat ini ada 35 IF dalam Gerakan Olimpiade, mewakili masing-masing cabang olahraga yang dipertandingkan dalam Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Nasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Nasional">Komite Olimpiade Nasional</a> (<i>National Olympic Committees</i>/NOC): merupakan organisasi yang mengatur Gerakan Olimpiade di masing-masing negara. Sebagai contoh: <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Olahraga_Pan_Amerika" title="Organisasi Olahraga Pan Amerika">Komite Olimpiade Amerika Serikat</a> (USOC) adalah NOC <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Indonesia" title="Komite Olimpiade Indonesia">Komite Olimpiade Indonesia</a> adalah NOC <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, dan sebagainya. Saat ini ada 206 NOC yang diakui oleh IOC.<sup id="cite_ref-iocfactsheet_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iocfactsheet-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Komite Pengorganisasian Olimpiade (<i>Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games</i>/OCOG): merupakan komite sementara yang bertanggung jawab untuk perayaan saat Olimpiade berlangsung. OCOG dibubarkan setelah Olimpiade berakhir dan setelah laporan akhir dikirim ke IOC.<sup id="cite_ref-iocfactsheet_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iocfactsheet-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Prancis" title="Bahasa Prancis">Bahasa Prancis</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a> merupakan bahasa resmi dari Gerakan Olimpiade. Bahasa lain yang digunakan pada setiap Olimpiade adalah bahasa negara tuan rumah. Setiap acara proklamasi (pengumuman nama-nama negara peserta dalam upacara pembukaan) diucapkan dalam tiga atau dua bahasa, tergantung pada negara tuan rumah; apakah negara tersebut menggunakan bahasa Inggris atau Prancis.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kritik">Kritik</h3></div> <p>IOC sering dikritik dan dicap sebagai "organisasi yang keras kepala" dengan para pemimpin yang penuh kontroversi. <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional#Presiden" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Avery Brundage</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch" title="Juan Antonio Samaranch">Juan Antonio Samaranch</a> adalah dua Presiden IOC yang paling kontroversial. Brundage adalah presiden yang menjabat lebih dari 20 tahun, dan selama masa jabatannya, Brundage melarang dan melindungi Olimpiade dari keterlibatan politik.<sup id="cite_ref-brundage_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brundage-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dia juga dituduh <a href="/wiki/Rasisme" title="Rasisme">rasisme</a> karena melarang delegasi dari <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a> bergabung dalam IOC.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sedangkan Di bawah pemerintahan Samaranch, IOC terpuruk kedalam kasus <a href="/wiki/Nepotisme" title="Nepotisme">nepotisme</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Korupsi" title="Korupsi">korupsi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hubungan antara Samaranch dengan <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">rezim Franco</a> di <a href="/wiki/Spanyol" title="Spanyol">Spanyol</a> juga menjadi sumber kritik.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada tahun 1998, terungkap bahwa beberapa anggota IOC telah menerima suap dari anggota komite <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> untuk menjadikan kota tersebut sebagai tuan rumah <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2002" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002</a>. Atas peristiwa ini, empat orang anggota IOC mengundurkan diri dan enam lainnya dipecat. Skandal ini telah memicu dilakukannya reformasi lebih lanjut mengenai pemilihan kota-kota yang akan menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade untuk menghindari terjadinya kasus serupa pada masa mendatang.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sebuah film dokumenter <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> berjudul <i>Panorama: Buying the Games</i> ditayangkan pada bulan Agustus 2004. Film ini menyelidiki tentang adanya dugaan suap dalam prosesi pemilihan <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> sebagai tuan rumah <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade Musim Panas 2012</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Buying_the_Games_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buying_the_Games-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Disebutkan bahwa anggota Komite Olimpiade Britania Raya kemungkinan besar menyuap IOC setelah London kalah tipis dari <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> dalam pemilihan kota tuan rumah untuk penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Musim Panas 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Wali kota Paris, <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Delano%C3%AB" title="Bertrand Delanoë">Bertrand Delanoë</a> menuduh Perdana Menteri Inggris, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> dan anggota Komite Olimpiade London (yang diketuai oleh mantan juara Olimpiade Sebastian Coe) telah melakukan kecurangan dalam pemilihan kota tuan rumah Olimpiade Musim Panas 2012, namun tuduhan itu tidak pernah benar-benar diselidiki. Dia mengutip Presiden Prancis Jacques Chirac sebagai saksi; Chirac memberi wawancara dengan keterlibatannya.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pemilihan <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> sebagai tuan rumah <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2006" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006</a> juga penuh kontroversi. Seorang anggota IOC terkemuka bernama Marc Hodler menduga telah terjadi kasus suap oleh anggota panitia Turin terhadap anggota IOC. Tuduhan ini menyebabkan penyelidikan luas dan dari hasil penyelidikan, terbukti bahwa sebagian besar anggota IOC menolak pencalonan <a href="/wiki/Sion" class="mw-redirect" title="Sion">Sion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a> sebagai kota tuan rumah supaya Turin bisa mendapatkan status tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Joan_Antonio_Samaranch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Joan_Antonio_Samaranch.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="169" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch" title="Juan Antonio Samaranch">Juan Antonio Samaranch</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pada bulan Juli 2012, Liga Anti-Pencemaran Internasional menyebut penolakan terus menerus oleh Komite Olimpiade Internasional untuk mengadakan keheningan pada upacara pembukaan untuk sebelas atlet Israel yang dibunuh oleh teroris Palestina di Olimpiade Munich tahun 1972, "ketidakpekaan dan kecerobohan yang membandel untuk mengenang para atlet Israel yang terbunuh. " </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komersialisasi">Komersialisasi</h2></div> <p>IOC awalnya menolak pendanaan Olimpiade dari perusahaan sponsor. Namun, setelah presiden Avery Brundage pensiun pada tahun 1972, IOC mulai mengeksplorasi potensi <a href="/wiki/Televisi" title="Televisi">media televisi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Iklan" title="Iklan">pasar iklan</a> yang akan menguntungkan mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-chen231_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Di bawah kepemimpinan Juan Antonio Samaranch, Olimpiade mulai membuka diri terhadap sponsor-sponsor internasional yang ingin mendanai Olimpiade dan menciptakan produk-produk dagang dengan <a href="/wiki/Logo_Olimpiade_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Logo Olimpiade 2008">logo Olimpiade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-television_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-television-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anggaran">Anggaran</h3></div> <p>Pada awal dan pertengahan abad ke-20, IOC dibiayai dengan anggaran yang kecil.<sup id="cite_ref-television_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-television-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mallonci_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mallonci-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Avery Brundage, presiden IOC periode 1952-1972 menolak mengomersialisasikan IOC.<sup id="cite_ref-chen231_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Brundage menganggap bahwa komersialisasi di tubuh IOC akan berdampak terhadap pengambilan keputusan dalam organisasi tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-chen231_89-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Brundage melarang perusahaan-perusahaan yang ingin mendanai Olimpiade dan menolak penggunaan logo Olimpiade untuk tujuan komersial.<sup id="cite_ref-chen231_89-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ketika Brundage pensiun tahun 1972, IOC hanya memiliki aset sebesar $2 juta. Delapan tahun kemudian, pundi-pundi IOC telah membengkak menjadi $45 juta.<sup id="cite_ref-chen231_89-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hal ini terutama sekali disebabkan oleh pergeseran ideologi IOC ke arah perluasan pendanaan Olimpiade melalui penarikan sponsor dan penjualan hak siar ke stasiun-stasiun televisi.<sup id="cite_ref-chen231_89-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Saat <a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Samaranch" title="Juan Antonio Samaranch">Juan Antonio Samaranch</a> terpilih sebagai presiden IOC pada tahun 1980, dia berkeinginan untuk menjadikan IOC sebagai organisasi yang mandiri secara finansial.<sup id="cite_ref-mallonci_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mallonci-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984</a> merupakan Olimpiade yang paling menguntungkan dalam sejarah penyelenggaraan Olimpiade. Panitia Olimpiade <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> yang dipimpin oleh Peter Ueberroth mampu menghasilkan surplus sebesar $ 225 juta, jumlah yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya pada waktu itu.<sup id="cite_ref-pelle209_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pelle209-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Surplus sebesar itu sukses diraup oleh panitia berkat menjual hak sponsor hanya kepada perusahaan-perusahaan terpilih.<sup id="cite_ref-pelle209_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pelle209-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> IOC berusaha mengontrol hak-hak sponsor tersebut. Samaranch kemudian mendirikan <i>The Olympic Program</i> (TOP) pada tahun 1985 untuk menciptakan sebuah <a href="/wiki/Merek" title="Merek">merek dagang</a> Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-television_90-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-television-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Keanggotaan di TOP sangat eksklusif dan mahal. Biaya untuk masuk saja sebesar $50 juta untuk keanggotaan selama 4 tahun.<sup id="cite_ref-mallonci_91-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mallonci-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Perusahaan-perusahaan yang menjadi anggota TOP menerima hak eksklusif global untuk mengiklankan produk mereka dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade serta bebas menggunakan logo Olimpiade dalam publikasi dan iklan produk mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-slack194_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slack194-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pengaruh_televisi">Pengaruh televisi</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_Final_2000_(1936_cartoon).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Olympic_Final_2000_%281936_cartoon%29.jpg/270px-Olympic_Final_2000_%281936_cartoon%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Olympic_Final_2000_%281936_cartoon%29.jpg/405px-Olympic_Final_2000_%281936_cartoon%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Olympic_Final_2000_%281936_cartoon%29.jpg/540px-Olympic_Final_2000_%281936_cartoon%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2118" data-file-height="1169" /></a><figcaption>Sebuah kartun dari <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Olimpiade Berlin 1936</a> yang menggambarkan suasana Olimpiade pada tahun 2000, di mana penonton digantikan oleh radio dan televisi.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Olimpiade Berlin 1936</a> adalah Olimpiade pertama yang penyelenggaraannya disiarkan melalui <a href="/wiki/Televisi" title="Televisi">televisi</a>, meskipun hanya untuk penonton lokal.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Baru pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1956" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1956">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1956</a> di <a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d&#39;Ampezzo">Cortina d'Ampezzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>, acara Olimpiade disiarkan oleh televisi secara Internasional,<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1960" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1960">Olimpiade Musim Dingin berikutnya</a>, untuk pertama kalinya hak siar Olimpiade dijual ke saluran televisi <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, yang membayar sebesar $394.000 untuk hak siar di Amerika Serikat,<sup id="cite_ref-slack192_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slack192-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> serta <a href="/wiki/Uni_Penyiaran_Eropa" title="Uni Penyiaran Eropa">Uni Penyiaran Eropa</a> (EBU) yang membayar sebesar $660.000 untuk hak siar di seluruh <a href="/wiki/Eropa" title="Eropa">Eropa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-television_90-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-television-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada <a href="/wiki/Dekade" class="mw-redirect" title="Dekade">dekade</a> berikutnya, Olimpiade memanfaatkan <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dingin" title="Perang Dingin">Perang Dingin</a> untuk mengeruk keuntungan. <a href="/wiki/Negara_adidaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara adidaya">Negara adidaya</a> saling berebut supremasi politik, dan IOC ingin mengambil keuntungan melalui media penyiaran.<sup id="cite_ref-slack192_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slack192-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Penjualan hak siar memungkinkan IOC untuk meningkatkan eksposur Olimpiade, sehingga menghasilkan keuntungan dan jumlah pemirsa yang lebih banyak, yang pada gilirannya akan menciptakan daya tarik bagi para pengiklan di televisi. Siklus ini memungkinkan IOC untuk menaikkan biaya penjualan hak siar Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-slack192_96-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slack192-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebagai contoh, CBS merogoh $375 juta untuk membeli hak siar <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1998" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1998">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1998</a> di <a href="/wiki/Nagano" title="Nagano">Nagano</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> sedangkan <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> menghabiskan $3,5 miliar untuk mendapatkan hak siar seluruh pertandingan Olimpiade dari tahun 2000 sampai tahun 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-television_90-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-television-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jumlah pemirsa yang menonton Olimpiade meningkat secara eksponensial dari tahun 1960 sampai akhir abad ini. Hal ini disebabkan oleh penggunaan satelit untuk menyiarkan siaran langsung di seluruh dunia pada tahun 1964 dan pengenalan televisi berwarna pada tahun 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Perkiraan penonton global dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Mexico_City_1968" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Mexico City 1968">Olimpiade Mexico City 1968</a> adalah 600 juta, sedangkan dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984</a>, jumlah penonton meningkat menjadi 900 juta. Jumlah ini terus membengkak menjadi 3,5 miliar pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Barcelona_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Barcelona 1992">Olimpiade Barcelona 1992</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Namun, pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Sydney_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Sydney 2000">Olimpiade Sydney 2000</a>, NBC mencatatkan jumlah pemirsa terendah untuk setiap ajang Olimpiade sejak tahun 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hal ini antara lain disebabkan oleh dua faktor: meningkatnya persaingan dari saluran <a href="/wiki/Televisi_kabel" title="Televisi kabel">televisi kabel</a> dan perkembangan <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a>, yang mampu menampilkan hasil dan video pertandingan secara tepat waktu. Sementara perusahaan televisi masih mengandalkan rekaman tunda pertandingan, suatu hal yang sangat ketinggalan pada era informasi.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Penurunan jumlah pemirsa membuat saluran televisi harus mengurangi iklan yang berarti kurangnya pemasukan bagi mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-ratings_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ratings-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dengan biaya yang tinggi untuk menyiarkan pertandingan ditambah dengan tekanan dari internet dan meningkatnya kompetisi dari TV kabel membuat perusahaan televisi pemegang hak siar menuntut konsesi dari IOC untuk meningkatkan jumlah pemirsa.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> IOC menanggapinya dengan membuat sejumlah perubahan pada acara pertandingan Olimpiade. Pada Olimpiade Musim Panas, kompetisi cabang-cabang olahraga populer seperti senam, <a href="/wiki/Renang" class="mw-redirect" title="Renang">renang</a> dan loncat indah ditayangkan pada jam-jam <i>primetime</i>, yaitu pukul 6 hingga 9 malam dan <i>gala Champions</i> ditambahkan untuk menarik minat pemirsa televisi.<sup id="cite_ref-slack17_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slack17-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-slack17_104-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slack17-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hasilnya beragam: jumlah pemirsa pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2006" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006</a> di Turin secara signifikan lebih rendah dibanding dengan jumlah pemirsa dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2002" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002</a> di <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>, sementara terjadi peningkatan tajam jumlah pemirsa pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ratings_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ratings-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biaya">Biaya</h2></div> <p>Biaya Olimpiade (Musim Panas dan Musim Dingin) telah diteliti oleh sarjana <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Oxford" title="Universitas Oxford">Oxford</a>, Bent Flyvbjerg dan Allison Stewart.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mereka menemukan bahwa selama 50 tahun terakhir, penyelenggaraan Olimpiade dengan biaya paling mahal adalah <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2014" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2014">Olimpiade Sochi 2014</a>, yaitu <a href="/wiki/Dolar_Amerika_Serikat" title="Dolar Amerika Serikat">US$</a> 51 miliar,<sup id="cite_ref-rt-sochiexpensive_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt-sochiexpensive-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardian-costliest_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-costliest-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> diikuti oleh <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a> ($44 miliar),<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a> ($14,8 miliar).<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Biaya di sini hanya mencakup biaya yang berhubungan dengan olahraga, tidak termasuk biaya umum lainnya seperti konstruksi jalan, rel, infrastruktur bandara, atau biaya pribadi lainnya seperti akomodasi dan investasi bisnis yang terjadi dalam persiapan Olimpiade yang besarnya bervariasi, tergantung kondisi ekonomi kota tuan rumah dan sulit untuk membandingkannya secara konsisten.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Flyvbjerg dan Stewart lebih lanjut menemukan bahwa <i>cost overrun</i> (pembengkakan biaya) merupakan masalah yang terus-menerus terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade: </p> <ul><li>Pembengkakan biaya dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade mencapai angka 100&#160;%. Tidak ada mega proyek yang bisa diprediksi pembengkakan biayanya. Biasanya, mega proyek seperti konstruksi, infrastruktur, bendungan dan ICT biayanya dianggarkan secara bertahap dari waktu ke waktu, namun hal seperti ini tidak berlaku dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dengan rata-rata pembengkakan biaya riil 179&#160;% dan 324&#160;% secara nominal, pembengkakan biaya dalam Olimpiade secara historis merupakan yang terbesar dibanding mega proyek lainnya di dunia.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Pembengkakan biaya terbesar dalam sejarah Olimpiade terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Montreal 1976 (796%), Barcelona 1992 (417%) dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1980" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1980">Lake Placid 1980</a> (321%).<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Data menunjukkan bahwa kota dan negara yang memutuskan untuk menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade harus siap menghadapi risiko finansial terburuk mereka. Sebagai contoh, pembengkakan biaya dalam Olimpiade 2004 menyebabkan Athena mengalami kebangkrutan dan harus berutang, secara substansial turut memperburuk kondisi keuangan negara dan menjadi salah satu penyebab <a href="/wiki/Krisis_utang_Eropa_2010" title="Krisis utang Eropa 2010">krisis ekonomi Yunani 2008-2012</a>. Sementara itu, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> membutuhkan waktu 30 tahun untuk melunasi utang akibat pembengkakan biaya yang terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan Olimpiade 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Pada akhirnya, Flyvbjerg dan Stewart menyimpulkan bahwa selama satu dekade terakhir, pembengkakan biaya dalam Olimpiade sudah mengalami penurunan. Untuk periode 2000-2010 rata-rata pembengkakan biaya adalah 47&#160;%, padahal sebelum itu rata-ratanya mencapai 258&#160;%. Namun, Olimpiade London 2012 telah mengembalikan tren ini dengan pembengkakan biaya yang dikeluarkannya yang menembus angka 101 persen; mengembalikannya ke angka tiga digit. Ke depannya, merupakan tantangan bagi para perencana dan pengelola Olimpiade untuk menurunkan kembali pembengkakan biaya tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simbol,_motto_dan_maskot"><span id="Simbol.2C_motto_dan_maskot"></span>Simbol, motto dan maskot</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maskot_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Maskot Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Maskot Olimpiade</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Api_Olimpiade" title="Api Olimpiade">Api Olimpiade</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg/180px-Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg/270px-Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg/360px-Olympic-flag-Victoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2167" data-file-height="1915" /></a><figcaption>Bendera Olimpiade.</figcaption></figure><p> Gerakan Olimpiade menggunakan simbol untuk mewakili cita-cita yang terkandung dalam <a href="/wiki/Piagam_Olimpiade" title="Piagam Olimpiade">Piagam Olimpiade</a>. Simbol Olimpiade- yang lebih dikenal dengan nama cincin Olimpiade- terdiri dari lima buah cincin yang saling berkait dan merupakan kesatuan dari lima benua yang ada di bumi (Amerika, Afrika, Asia, Australasia dan Eropa). Versi berwarna dari simbol itu berupa cincin-cincin yang berwarna biru, kuning, hitam, hijau dan merah dengan latar berwarna putih yang membentuk bendera Olimpiade. Warna-warna ini dipilih karena setiap negara setidaknya memiliki satu dari warna-warna tersebut dalam bendera nasionalnya. Bendera ini diadopsi pada tahun 1914 tetapi baru dikibarkan pertama kali dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Antwerpen_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920">Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920</a> di <a href="/wiki/Belgia" title="Belgia">Belgia</a>. Setelah itu, bendera ini selalu berkibar dalam perayaan Olimpiade setiap tahunnya.<sup id="cite_ref-olympicsymbols_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olympicsymbols-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_(night).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_%28night%29.jpg/180px-Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_%28night%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_%28night%29.jpg/270px-Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_%28night%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_%28night%29.jpg/360px-Olympic_Flame_of_Vancouver_2010_Olympics_%28night%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Obor Olimpiade dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_Vancouver_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin Vancouver 2010">Olimpiade Musim Dingin Vancouver 2010</a>.</figcaption></figure><p> Moto Olimpiade adalah <i>"Citius, Altius, Fortius"</i>, yang merupakan ungkapan dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a> yang berarti <i>"Faster, Higher, Stronger"</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>) atau "Lebih cepat, Lebih tinggi, Lebih kuat" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a>). Kutipan Coubertin selanjutnya dinyatakan dalam kredo Olimpiade, yang berbunyi:</p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:London_2012_Mascots.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/7/74/London_2012_Mascots.png/180px-London_2012_Mascots.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/7/74/London_2012_Mascots.png/270px-London_2012_Mascots.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/7/74/London_2012_Mascots.png/360px-London_2012_Mascots.png 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="274" /></a><figcaption>Wenlock dan Mandeville, maskot <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r21477316"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Hal terpenting dalam Olimpiade bukanlah untuk menang, tetapi untuk berpartisipasi. Seperti juga hal yang paling penting dalam hidup bukanlah kemenangan, tetapi perjuangan. Hal terpenting bukannya karena telah berhasil mengalahkan, namun karena telah berjuang dengan baik."<sup id="cite_ref-olympicsymbols_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olympicsymbols-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Sebulan sebelum perayaan Olimpiade dimulai, <a href="/wiki/Api_Olimpiade" title="Api Olimpiade">api Olimpiade</a> menyala di <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Yunani" title="Olympia, Yunani">Olympia, Yunani</a> dalam sebuah upacara ritual yang mencerminkan budaya Yunani kuno. Seorang pendeta wanita yang bertindak sebagai imam membakar obor dengan menempatkannya di dalam cermin parabola yang memfokuskan sinar matahari, ia kemudian menyalakan obor pembawa estafet pertama, yang akan memulai estafet obor Olimpiade ke berbagai kota di dunia dan berakhir di stadion di kota tuan rumah penyelenggara Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-torch_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-torch-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Meskipun api telah menjadi simbol Olimpiade sejak tahun 1928, estafet obor baru diperkenalkan dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Olimpiade Berlin 1936</a> sebagai bagian dari upaya pemerintah <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a> saat itu untuk mempromosikan ideologi Sosialis Nasionalis-nya.<sup id="cite_ref-olympicsymbols_110-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olympicsymbols-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maskot_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Maskot Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Maskot Olimpiade</a> biasanya berupa binatang atau sosok manusia yang mewakili warisan budaya negara tuan rumah dan mulai diperkenalkan pada tahun 1968. Pemilihan maskot ini berperan penting dalam mempromosikan identitas Olimpiade pada penyelenggaraan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Moskwa_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Moskwa 1980">Olimpiade Moskwa 1980</a> di <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> saat beruang Misha, maskot Olimpiade saat itu, mencapai ketenaran internasional.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Maskot dari <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a> adalah <a href="/wiki/Fuwa" title="Fuwa">Fuwa</a>, lima makhluk yang mewakili lima <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">fengshui</a>; unsur penting dalam <a href="/wiki/Budaya_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Budaya Tiongkok">kebudayaan Tiongkok</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sedangkan maskot untuk <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a> bernama Wenlock dan Mandeville; dua karakter animasi yang menggambarkan dua tetes baja dari industri baja di <a href="/wiki/Bolton" title="Bolton">Bolton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCMascots_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCMascots-114"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perayaan">Perayaan</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG/220px-2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG/330px-2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG/440px-2000_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony_1.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1870" /></a><figcaption>Pertunjukan artistik dalam sesi upacara pembukaan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Sydney_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Sydney 2000">Olimpiade Sydney 2000</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pembukaan">Pembukaan</h3></div> <p>Sebagaimana yang diamanatkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Piagam_Olimpiade" title="Piagam Olimpiade">Piagam Olimpiade</a>, berbagai elemen pertunjukan dilakukan dalam upacara pembukaan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-OCFactSheetS_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCFactSheetS-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OCFactSheetW_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCFactSheetW-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tata cara penyelenggaraan upacara pembukaan Olimpiade ditetapkan dalam Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920 di Belgia.<sup id="cite_ref-OCprotocol1_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCprotocol1-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Upacara pembukaan biasanya dimulai dengan pengibaran bendera dan pengumandangan <a href="/wiki/Lagu_kebangsaan" title="Lagu kebangsaan">lagu kebangsaan</a> negara tuan rumah.<sup id="cite_ref-OCFactSheetS_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCFactSheetS-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OCFactSheetW_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCFactSheetW-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Negara tuan rumah kemudian menampilkan pertunjukan tari, musik, nyanyian dan teater yang memperlihatkan identitas lokal mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-OCprotocol1_117-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCprotocol1-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pertunjukan artistik ini telah menjadi ajang prestise sendiri bagi negara-negara tuan rumah Olimpiade untuk menyajikan pembukaan yang lebih meriah dan lebih <i>memorable</i> dari negara tuan rumah sebelumnya. Upacara pembukaan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a> dilaporkan menelan biaya sebesar $100 juta, sebagian besar terpakai untuk sesi pertunjukan artistik.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Setelah sesi pertunjukan artistik, para atlet berparade ke dalam stadion yang dikelompokkan menurut negaranya masing-masing. Yunani secara tradisional ditetapkan sebagai negara pertama yang berparade untuk menghormati asal usul Olimpiade. Selanjutnya, masing-masing negara berparade sesuai dengan urutan abjad dan negara tuan rumah menjadi negara terakhir yang berparade. Pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 2004">Olimpiade Athena 2004</a>, bendera Yunani diparadekan pertama kali memasuki stadion, sementara kontingen Yunani berparade paling terakhir. Kemudian, obor Olimpiade dibawa masuk ke dalam stadion dan diteruskan sampai mencapai tempat penyalaan obor -biasanya dibawa oleh atlet Olimpiade terkenal dari negara tuan rumah- untuk selanjutnya dinyalakan, yang menandai berakhirnya sesi upacara pembukaan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-OCFactSheetS_115-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCFactSheetS-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OCFactSheetW_116-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OCFactSheetW-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg/220px-RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg/330px-RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg/440px-RIAN_archive_488317_Festive_closing_ceremony_of_the_22nd_Olympic_games..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption>Parade atlet dalam upacara penutupan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Moskwa_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Moskwa 1980">Olimpiade Moskwa 1980</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penutupan">Penutupan</h3></div> <p>Upacara penutupan Olimpiade berlangsung setelah semua pertandingan olahraga selesai. Pembawa bendera dari masing-masing negara memasuki stadion, diikuti oleh keseluruhan kontingen secara bersama-sama tanpa adanya pengelompokkan berdasarkan negara. Tiga bendera nasional dikibarkan bersamaan dengan pengumandangan lagu kebangsaan negara tuan rumah: bendera Yunani; untuk menghormati tempat kelahiran Olimpiade, bendera negara tuan rumah saat ini, dan bendera negara tuan rumah penyelenggara Olimpiade berikutnya.<sup id="cite_ref-closing_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-closing-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ketua panitia penyelenggara dan Presiden IOC <a href="/wiki/Petahana" title="Petahana">petahana</a> berpidato untuk menyatakan Olimpiade secara resmi ditutup kemudian diikuti dengan pemadaman obor Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam sesi upacara penutupan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Antwerpen_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920">Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920</a>, wali kota tuan rumah menyerahkan bendera Olimpiade kepada presiden IOC kemudian diteruskan kepada wali kota tuan rumah Olimpiade berikutnya.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Setelah upacara penutupan, negara tuan rumah secara singkat memperkenalkan dirinya dengan menampilkan seni tari dan teater yang mewakili budaya mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-closing_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-closing-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg/220px-CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg/330px-CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg/440px-CyclingTeamPursuitBeijing2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Upacara penyerahan medali dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penyerahan_medali">Penyerahan medali</h3></div> <p>Upacara penyerahan <a href="/wiki/Medali" title="Medali">medali</a> diadakan setelah hasil dari masing-masing pertandingan diputuskan. Peringkat pertama, kedua dan ketiga dari masing-masing cabang olahraga berdiri di atas podium bertingkat tiga untuk selanjutnya dikalungkan medali.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Setelah medali dikalungkan oleh salah seorang pejabat IOC, bendera nasional dari ketiga negara pemenang dikibarkan diiringi dengan pengumandangan lagu kebangsaan negara peraih medali emas.<sup id="cite_ref-otraditions_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-otraditions-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kesukarelaan warga negara tuan rumah juga diperlukan dalam prosesi penyerahan medali untuk membantu para pejabat yang mengalungkan medali dan mengibarkan bendera negara pemenang.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam setiap perayaan Olimpiade, upacara penyerahan medali biasanya diadakan setelah hasil pertandingan diputuskan. Untuk cabang olahraga <a href="/wiki/Maraton" title="Maraton">maraton</a> putra, pertandingan biasanya diadakan pada pagi hari terakhir pelaksanaan Olimpiade dan penyerahan medalinya diadakan pada malam upacara penutupan.<sup id="cite_ref-closing_119-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-closing-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabang_olahraga">Cabang olahraga</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/wiki/Daftar_cabang_olahraga_Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar cabang olahraga Olimpiade Musim Panas 2008">Daftar cabang olahraga Olimpiade Musim Panas 2008</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1904_tug_of_war.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1904_tug_of_war.jpg/220px-1904_tug_of_war.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1904_tug_of_war.jpg/330px-1904_tug_of_war.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1904_tug_of_war.jpg/440px-1904_tug_of_war.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="363" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tarik_tambang" title="Tarik tambang">Tarik tambang</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_St._Louis_1904" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade St. Louis 1904">Olimpiade St. Louis 1904</a>. Cabang olahraga ini dieliminasi dari program Olimpiade tetapi tetap diakui oleh IOC.</figcaption></figure> <p>Olimpiade terdiri dari 35 cabang olahraga, 30 disiplin dan hampir 400 pertandingan. Sebagai contoh, <a href="/wiki/Gulat" title="Gulat">gulat</a> adalah olahraga <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas">Olimpiade Musim Panas</a> yang terdiri dari dua disiplin: <i>Greco-Roman</i> dan <i>Freestyle</i>. Masing-masing disiplin diperlombakan ke dalam empat belas pertandingan untuk pria dan empat pertandingan untuk wanita, masing-masing mewakili kelas berat yang berbeda.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Olimpiade Musim Panas mempertandingkan 26 cabang olahraga, sedangkan Olimpiade Musim Dingin hanya menawarkan 15 cabang olahraga untuk diperlombakan.<sup id="cite_ref-Sports_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sports-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Atletik" title="Atletik">Atletik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renang" class="mw-redirect" title="Renang">renang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anggar" title="Anggar">anggar</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Senam_artistik" title="Senam artistik">senam artistik</a> adalah cabang-cabang olahraga yang tidak pernah absen diperlombakan dalam Olimpiade Musim Panas. Sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Ski_lintas_alam" title="Ski lintas alam">ski lintas alam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seluncur_indah" title="Seluncur indah">seluncur indah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoki" title="Hoki">hoki</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Seluncur_es" title="Seluncur es">seluncur es</a> merupakan cabang-cabang olahraga yang rutin diperlombakan dalam Olimpiade Musim Dingin. <a href="/wiki/Bulu_tangkis" title="Bulu tangkis">Bulu tangkis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bola_basket" title="Bola basket">bola basket</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bola_voli" title="Bola voli">bola voli</a> pada awalnya dipertandingkan sebagai cabang olahraga demonstrasi, kemudian dipromosikan sebagai cabang olahraga Olimpiade tetap. Beberapa cabang olahraga seperti <a href="/wiki/Tarik_tambang" title="Tarik tambang">tarik tambang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">polo</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Golf" title="Golf">golf</a> pernah dipertandingkan dalam Olimpiade sebelumnya, namun tidak dilanjutkan pada Olimpiade baru-baru ini.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Olahraga Olimpiade diatur oleh Federasi Olahraga Internasional (IF) yang dikelola oleh IOC. Saat ini terdapat 35 IF dalam Gerakan Olimpiade, mewakili masing-masing cabang olahraga yang dipertandingkan dalam Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-Sports_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sports-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ada cabang olahraga yang diakui oleh IOC tapi tidak termasuk dalam program Olimpiade seperti <a href="/wiki/Uni_rugbi" title="Uni rugbi">rugbi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Boling" class="mw-redirect" title="Boling">boling</a>. Olahraga ini tidak di klasifikasikan sebagai olahraga Olimpiade, namun dapat di promosikan ke status ini.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Beberapa cabang olahraga yang sama sekali belum pernah dipromosikan sebagai olahraga Olimpiade antara lain <a href="/wiki/Catur" title="Catur">catur</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Selancar" title="Selancar">selancar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-recognizedsports_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recognizedsports-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kongres IOC ke-112 pada tahun 2002 membatasi cabang olahraga dalam Olimpiade maksimal 28 cabang olahraga, 301 pertandingan dan 10.500 atlet.<sup id="cite_ref-factsheetsports_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheetsports-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tiga tahun kemudian, dalam kongres IOC ke-117, revisi dilakukan, yang mengakibatkan tersingkirnya <a href="/wiki/Sofbol" title="Sofbol">sofbol</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bisbol" title="Bisbol">bisbol</a> dari daftar cabang olahraga dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a>. Karena tidak ada kesepakatan untuk mempromosikan dua olahraga tersebut, Olimpiade London berlangsung dengan hanya mempertandingkan 26 cabang olahraga.<sup id="cite_ref-factsheetsports_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheetsports-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada pelaksanaan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Rio_de_Janeiro_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Rio de Janeiro 2016">Olimpiade Rio de Janeiro 2016</a> nanti, Olimpiade akan kembali ke sistem maksimum 28 cabang olahraga dengan menambahkan rugbi dan golf ke dalam daftar.<sup id="cite_ref-newosports_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newosports-132"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kontroversi">Kontroversi</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pemboikotan">Pemboikotan</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/wiki/Pemboikotan_Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_tahun_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemboikotan Olimpiade Musim Panas tahun 1980">Pemboikotan Olimpiade Musim Panas tahun 1980</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sorotan_dan_kontroversi_atas_Olimpiade_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorotan dan kontroversi atas Olimpiade 2008">Sorotan dan kontroversi atas Olimpiade 2008</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG/300px-Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG/450px-Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG/600px-Olympic_boycotts_1976_1980_1984.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Peta negara-negara yang memboikot <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Montreal_1976" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Montreal 1976">Olimpiade Musim Panas 1976</a> (kuning), <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Moskwa_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Moskwa 1980">1980</a> (biru) dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">1984</a> (merah).</figcaption></figure> <p>Prancis, Britania Raya dan Swiss adalah negara-negara yang tidak pernah absen mengirimkan delegasinya pada ajang Olimpiade sejak 1896. Sebagian besar negara melewatkan Olimpiade karena kurangnya atlet yang berkualitas, namun beberapa negara memilih untuk memboikot perayaan Olimpiade karena alasan tertentu. Pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_1908" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 1908">Olimpiade London 1908</a>, Irlandia memboikot negaranya sendiri, Britania Raya, setelah Britania Raya menolak memberikan kemerdekaan pada Irlandia.<sup id="cite_ref-Boycott_1_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boycott_1-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Irlandia juga memboikot <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Olimpiade Berlin 1936</a> karena IOC membatasi tim yang boleh berpartisipasi hanya dari <a href="/wiki/Negara_Bebas_Irlandia" title="Negara Bebas Irlandia">Negara Bebas Irlandia</a>, bukannya dari <a href="/wiki/Irlandia" class="mw-redirect" title="Irlandia">Kepulauan Irlandia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ada tiga peristiwa pemboikotan dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Melbourne_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Melbourne 1956">Olimpiade Melbourne 1956</a>; Belanda dan Spanyol menolak berpartisipasi karena keterlibatan <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a> dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolusi_Hungaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolusi Hungaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Revolusi Hungaria</a>, Kamboja, Mesir, Irak dan Lebanon memboikot Olimpiade Melbourne karena <a href="/wiki/Krisis_Suez" title="Krisis Suez">Krisis Suez</a>, sedangkan Tiongkok (<a href="/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a>) juga ikut-ikutan memboikot karena keikutsertaan Taiwan (<a href="/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Republik Tiongkok</a>) dalam Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-Boycott_1_133-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boycott_1-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Tokyo_1964" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Tokyo 1964">Olimpiade Tokyo 1964</a>, Indonesia dan Korea Utara mencabut diri dari Olimpiade, setelah beberapa atlet mereka didiskualifikasi karena mengikuti <a href="/wiki/Pesta_Olahraga_Negara-Negara_Berkembang" title="Pesta Olahraga Negara-Negara Berkembang">Pesta Olahraga Negara-Negara Berkembang</a> (GANEFO) di <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>. Pada waktu itu, GANEFO dianggap sebagai pertandingan saingan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-Boycott_1_133-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boycott_1-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_M%C3%BCnchen_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade München 1972">Olimpiade München 1972</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Montreal_1976" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Montreal 1976">Olimpiade Montreal 1976</a>, sebagian besar negara Afrika mengancam untuk memboikot Olimpiade sebelum IOC melarang Afrika Selatan dan Rhodesia untuk berpartisipasi karena <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">rezim Apartheid</a> mereka. Selandia Baru juga salah satu alasan pemboikotan Afrika, sebab tim nasional rugbi mereka yang telah bertandang ke Afrika Selatan untuk bertanding juga diperbolehkan ikut Olimpiade. IOC mengakui kasus yang pertama, namun menolak melarang Selandia Baru dengan alasan bahwa rugbi bukanlah bagian dari olahraga Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-CBC_boycott_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBC_boycott-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Memenuhi ancaman mereka, dua puluh negara Afrika beserta Guyana dan Irak mengundurkan diri dari Olimpiade Montreal 1976 setelah beberapa atlet mereka berlaga dalam pertandingan.<sup id="cite_ref-CBC_boycott_135-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBC_boycott-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> juga memutuskan untuk memboikot Olimpiade Montreal karena RRT mengintimidasi panitia untuk melarang Taiwan berkompetisi menggunakan nama, bendera dan lagu kebangsaan Republik Tiongkok.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Taiwan tidak berpartisipasi lagi sampai <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984</a>, di mana saat itu mereka berlaga di bawah nama Tiongkok Taipei serta menggunakan bendera dan lagu kebangsaan yang baru.<sup id="cite_ref-corbit_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corbit-138"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada tahun 1980 dan 1984, negara-negara penentang <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dingin" title="Perang Dingin">Perang Dingin</a> memboikot Olimpiade di Moskwa dan Los Angeles. Enam puluh lima negara menolak untuk berpartisipasi dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Moskwa_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Moskwa 1980">Olimpiade Moskwa 1980</a> karena <a href="/wiki/Perang_Soviet-Afganistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Soviet-Afganistan">invasi Soviet ke Afghanistan</a>. Pemboikotan ini mengurangi jumlah negara yang berpartisipasi menjadi 81 negara, jumlah terendah sejak tahun 1956. <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> juga mengancam akan memboikot Olimpiade di Moskwa jika pasukan Soviet tidak segera mundur dari <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, dan boikot tersebut akhirnya terjadi pada tanggal 21 Maret 1980<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Empat tahun kemudian, Uni Soviet dan negara-negara <a href="/wiki/Blok_Timur" title="Blok Timur">Blok Timur</a> (kecuali <a href="/wiki/Rumania" title="Rumania">Rumania</a>) juga memboikot balik <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984</a>, dengan alasan bahwa mereka tidak bisa menjamin keselamatan atlet mereka. Tanggal 8 Mei 1984, Uni Soviet mengeluarkan pernyataan pemboikotan yang berisi bahwa pemboikotan disebabkan oleh sentimen "anti-Soviet" yang muncul di AS pada saat itu.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Negara-negara Blok Timur yang memboikot Olimpiade Los Angeles kemudian menggelar pertandingan mereka sendiri yang bernama Pertandingan Persahabatan pada bulan Juli dan Agustus 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-1980_Boycott_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1980_Boycott-141"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1980_Boycott_2_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1980_Boycott_2-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa ancaman pemboikotan juga terjadi dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a> sebagai protes terhadap catatan <a href="/wiki/Hak_Asasi_Manusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hak Asasi Manusia">Hak Asasi Manusia</a> Tiongkok mengenai kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah RRT terhadap etnis <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>, meskipun pada akhirnya tidak satupun negara yang melakukan pemboikotan dalam Olimpiade Beijing 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EUTibet_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUTibet-144"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada bulan Agustus 2008, pemerintah <a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a> menyatakan boikot terhadap <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_Sochi_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin Sochi 2014">Olimpiade Musim Dingin Sochi 2014</a> di <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> sebagai bentuk protes atas keterlibatan Rusia dalam <a href="/wiki/Perang_Ossetia_Selatan_(2008)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Ossetia Selatan (2008)">Perang Ossetia Selatan tahun 2008</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada bulan Februari 2011, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> mengancam akan memboikot Olimpiade London 2012 karena tampilan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012#Logo" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">logo London 2012</a> yang tampak mengeja kata "<a href="/wiki/Zion" title="Zion">Zion</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Iran mengirimkan keluhannya kepada <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a>, sambil menyatakan logo ini "rasis" dan meminta logo tersebut ditarik dan desainernya "dikecam". IOC "diam-diam" menolak permintaan tersebut, dan Iran pada akhirnya mengumumkan bahwa mereka tidak jadi memboikot ajang tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politik">Politik</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Ibolya_Csak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ibolya_Csak.jpg/120px-Ibolya_Csak.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ibolya_Csak.jpg/180px-Ibolya_Csak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Ibolya_Csak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Ibolya Csak, atlet Yahudi Hungaria yang meraih medali emas dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Olimpiade Berlin 1936</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Carlos-Smith.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/c/c8/Carlos-Smith.jpg/170px-Carlos-Smith.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/c/c8/Carlos-Smith.jpg/255px-Carlos-Smith.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/c/c8/Carlos-Smith.jpg 2x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>Tommie Smith dan John Carlos memberikan "salam kulit hitam" di podium pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Mexico_City_1968" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Mexico City 1968">Olimpiade Mexico City 1968</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sejak awal, Olimpiade telah digunakan sebagai ajang untuk mempromosikan ideologi politik. <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> memanfaatkan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Olimpiade Berlin 1936</a> sebagai propaganda untuk menunjukkan pada dunia bahwa Partai Sosialis Nasionalis itu baik hati dan cinta damai, meskipun pada kenyataannya mereka memanfaatkan Olimpiade untuk menunjukkan superioritas <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Indo-Arya" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Indo-Arya">bangsa Arya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jerman dengan superioritas bangsa Arya-nya memang menjadi negara yang paling sukses dalam Olimpiade Berlin 1936, namun patut dicatat, kemenangan paling gemilang pada saat itu justru diraih oleh seorang atlet keturunan <a href="/wiki/Afrika-Amerika" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrika-Amerika">Afrika-Amerika</a> bernama <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a>, yang meraih 4 medali emas dan Ibolya Csák; seorang atlet <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-disambig" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> asal <a href="/wiki/Hungaria" title="Hungaria">Hungaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Uni Soviet tidak berpartisipasi sampai <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Helsinki_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Helsinki 1952">Olimpiade Helsinki 1952</a>. Sebaliknya, sejak tahun tahun 1928, Soviet menyelenggarakan ajang olahraga internasional sendiri bernama <i>Spartakiad</i>. Selama masa-masa perang tahun 1920-an dan 1930-an, organisasi <a href="/wiki/Komunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Komunis">komunis</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sosialis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sosialis">sosialis</a> di beberapa negara, termasuk Amerika Serikat, berusaha menentang apa yang mereka sebut sebagai "Olimpiade Borjuis" dengan menyelenggarakan ajang tandingan bernama Olimpiade Pekerja.<sup id="cite_ref-GSE_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GSE-151"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Melbourne_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Melbourne 1956">Olimpiade Melbourne 1956</a>, Uni Soviet berjaya dan muncul sebagai negara adidaya baru dalam dunia olahraga. Uni Soviet memanfaatkan publisitas yang muncul karena memenangkan Olimpiade dengan menyebarkan ideologi politiknya.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Beberapa atlet secara individu juga telah memanfaatkan Olimpiade untuk mempromosikan agenda politik mereka. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Mexico_City_1968" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Mexico City 1968">Olimpiade Mexico City 1968</a>, dua orang atlet <a href="/wiki/Atletik" title="Atletik">atletik</a> Amerika Serikat, Tommie Smith dan John Carlos, yang memenangkan tempat pertama dan ketiga dalam lari 200 meter, mengangkat tangan dan memberikan hormat yang diartikan sebagai salam orang kulit hitam (<i>black power salute</i>) di atas podium kemenangan. <i>Runner-up</i> saat itu, Peter Norman dari Australia mengenakan lencana bertuliskan "Proyek Olimpiade untuk Hak Asasi Manusia" untuk menunjukkan dukungannya pada Smith dan Carlos. Atas hal ini, Presiden IOC saat itu, Avery Brundage mengeluarkan dan mencabut gelar juara mereka karena salam rasis dan berbau politik tidak diperbolehkan dalam Olimpiade. Namun insiden ini mempunyai pengaruh kuat ke media.<sup id="cite_ref-Black_Salute_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Black_Salute-154"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baru-baru ini, dikabarkan bahwa pemerintah <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> mengambil langkah untuk menghindari segala macam bentuk pertandingan dengan atlet asal <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. Seorang atlet <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">judo</a> asal Iran, Arash Miresmaeli, menolak untuk bertanding dengan atlet Israel dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 2004">Olimpiade Athena 2004</a>. Walaupun kemudian ia di diskualifikasi karena kelebihan berat badan, Miresmaeli malah dianugerahi hadiah uang sebesar $125.000 oleh pemerintah Iran, jumlah yang dibayarkan kepada semua atlet peraih medali emas di Iran. Miresmaeli dibebaskan dari tuduhan sengaja menghindari pertandingan oleh panitia namun tetap saja penerimaan hadiah uang tersebut menimbulkan kecurigaan.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penggunaan_obat-obatan_PED">Penggunaan obat-obatan PED</h3></div> <p>Pada awal abad ke-20, para atlet Olimpiade mulai menggunakan Obat-obatan Peningkat Kinerja <i>(Performance Enhancing Drugs</i>/PED) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan atletik mereka. Sebagai contoh, pemenang maraton dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_St._Louis_1904" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade St. Louis 1904">Olimpiade St. Louis 1904</a>; Thomas Hicks diberikan strychnine dan <a href="/wiki/Brendi" title="Brendi">brendi</a> oleh pelatihnya.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kematian yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan obat-obatan terjadi dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Roma_1960" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Roma 1960">Olimpiade Roma 1960</a>. Saat pertandingan <a href="/wiki/Balap_sepeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Balap sepeda">balap sepeda</a>, atlet sepeda <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>; Knud Enemark Jensen jatuh dari sepedanya dan meninggal. Otopsi menemukan bahwa saat bertanding ia berada di bawah pengaruh <a href="/wiki/Amfetamin" title="Amfetamin">amfetamin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wadahistory_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wadahistory-157"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Atas peristiwa ini, IOC melarang penggunaan PED dalam Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Atlet Olimpiade pertama yang dites positif menggunakan PED adalah Hans-Gunnar Liljenwall, seorang pelari <a href="/wiki/Swedia" title="Swedia">Swedia</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Mexico_City_1968" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Mexico City 1968">Olimpiade Mexico City 1968</a>. Dia kehilangan medali perunggunya setelah terbukti positif menggunakan alkohol selama pertandingan.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Penggunaan PED dalam Olimpiade yang paling dipublikasikan adalah <a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ben Johnson">Ben Johnson</a>, seorang pelari cepat <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> yang memenangkan lari 100 meter dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Seoul_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Seoul 1988">Olimpiade Seoul 1988</a>, namun Johnson dinyatakan positif menggunakan stanozolol. Medali emasnya kemudian dicabut dan diberikan kepada <i>runner-up</i>; <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada tahun 1999, IOC mengambil inisiatif untuk berjuang dengan lebih terorganisir melawan penggunaan PED dengan membentuk <i><a href="/wiki/World_Anti-Doping_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="World Anti-Doping Agency">World Anti-Doping Agency</a></i> (WADA). Ada peningkatan tajam jumlah atlet yang positif menggunakan PED dalam tes yang dilakukan pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Sydney_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Sydney 2000">Olimpiade Sydney 2000</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2002" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002">Olimpiade Musim Dingin Salt Lake City 2002</a>. Beberapa peraih medali dalam cabang <a href="/wiki/Angkat_besi" title="Angkat besi">angkat besi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Ski_lintas_alam" title="Ski lintas alam">ski lintas alam</a> didiskualifikasi karena menggunakan PED. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2006" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006">Olimpiade Musim Dingin Turin 2006</a>, hanya satu atlet yang terbukti positif menggunakan PED. IOC membentuk rejimen pengujian obat-obatan (sekarang dikenal dengan Standar Olimpiade) yang menetapkan kadar obat-obatan yang diizinkan bagi para atlet.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>, sekitar 3.667 atlet diuji oleh IOC di bawah naungan WADA. Pengujian ini meliputi tes urin dan tes darah. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa hanya tiga atlet yang terbukti menggunakan PED.<sup id="cite_ref-wadahistory_157-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wadahistory-157"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Larangan_Rusia_dari_Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018">Larangan Rusia dari Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a> (IOC) mengumumkan bahwa <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dilarang mengikuti <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018</a>, yang akan diselenggarakan di <a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyeongchang">Pyeongchang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a>, karena masalah doping pada <a href="/wiki/Tanggal" title="Tanggal">tanggal</a> <a href="/wiki/Selasa" title="Selasa">Selasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_Desember" title="6 Desember">6 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/2017" title="2017">2017</a> </p><p><a href="/wiki/IOC" class="mw-redirect" title="IOC">IOC</a> telah membekukan <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Rusia" title="Komite Olimpiade Rusia">Komite Olimpiade Rusia</a>, namun para <a href="/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet">atlet</a> <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> <b>masih</b> akan diperbolehkan untuk ber<a href="/wiki/Kompetisi" title="Kompetisi">kompetisi</a> di <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018">Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018</a> asal mereka menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Seragam" title="Seragam">seragam</a> "<a href="/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet">Atlet</a> Olimpiade dari <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>&#58; <span lang="en"><i>The Olympic Athletes from Russia</i></span>) di bawah <a href="/wiki/Bendera" title="Bendera">Bendera</a> Olimpiade, dan <a href="/wiki/Lagu" title="Lagu">Lagu</a> Olimpiade akan dimainkan dalam <a href="/wiki/Upacara" title="Upacara">upacara</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diskriminasi_gender">Diskriminasi gender</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Charlotte_Cooper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Charlotte_Cooper.jpg/170px-Charlotte_Cooper.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Charlotte_Cooper.jpg/255px-Charlotte_Cooper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Charlotte_Cooper.jpg/340px-Charlotte_Cooper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Charlotte Cooper dari <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>, atlet wanita pertama yang meraih medali dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Paris_1900" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Paris 1900">Olimpiade Paris 1900</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Atlet wanita pertama kalinya diijinkan untuk ikut serta dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Paris_1900" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Paris 1900">Olimpiade Paris 1900</a>, namun dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Barcelona_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Barcelona 1992">Olimpiade Barcelona 1992</a>, sekitar tiga puluh lima negara masih mengirimkan semua kontingen pria ke Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-163"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jumlah ini turun pesat selama tahun-tahun berikutnya. Pada tahun 1996, Lita Fariman adalah atlet wanita pertama yang mewakili Iran dalam Olimpiade lewat cabang olahraga menembak.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam Olimpiade Sidney 2000, <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> mengirimkan dua atlet wanita untuk pertama kalinya ke ajang Olimpiade: Fatema Hameed Gerashi dan Mariam Mohamed Hadi Al Hilli.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tahun 2004, Robina Muqim Yaar dan Friba Razayee mencatatkan diri sebagai atlet wanita pertama yang berlaga mewakili <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghanistan">Afganistan</a> dalam ajang Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Empat tahun berikutnya, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a> juga mengirim atlet wanita ke Olimpiade Beijing untuk pertama kalinya: Maitha Al Maktoum (taekwondo) dan Latifa Al Maktoum (berkuda).<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hingga tahun 2010, tercatat tiga negara yang sama sekali belum pernah mengirimkan atlet wanita ke ajang Olimpiade. Negara-negara tersebut adalah: <a href="/wiki/Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>. Brunei cuma pernah berpartisipasi dalam tiga perayaan Olimpiade, itupun dengan jumlah atlet yang sangat sedikit. Arab Saudi dan Qatar telah berpartisipasi dalam banyak ajang dan tetap konsisten mengirim kontingen pria ke Olimpiade. Tahun 2010, <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a> menyatakan akan "menekan" negara-negara tersebut untuk memperbolehkan dan memfasilitasi keikutsertaan atlet-atlet wanita dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a>. Anita DeFrantz, ketua Komisi Perempuan IOC menyarankan agar negara-negara yang mencegah keikutsertaan atlet-atlet wanita supaya dilarang untuk mengikuti Olimpiade. Tak lama kemudian, Komite Olimpiade Qatar mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan mengirim empat atlet wanita dari cabang <a href="/wiki/Menembak" class="mw-redirect" title="Menembak">menembak</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Anggar" title="Anggar">anggar</a> pada Olimpiade London 2012. Di Arab Saudi, hukum nasional di negara tersebut secara eksplisit memang melarang wanita untuk berlaga dalam Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-independent.co.uk_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent.co.uk-169"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada bulan Juni 2012, secara mengejutkan Kedutaan Arab Saudi di <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> mengumumkan akan mengirimkan atlet wanita untuk berkompetisi dalam ajang Olimpiade 2012 untuk pertama kalinya. Brunei juga mengumumkan kalau mereka akan mengirimkan atlet wanitanya ke ajang Olimpiade yang mulai berlangsung pada tanggal 27 Juli 2012 di London, Inggris.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pada akhirnya, Arab Saudi mengirim dua atlet wanita ke London (Wodjan Ali Seraj Abdulrahim Shahrkhani; judo dan Sarah Attar; lari 800-meter); Qatar 4 atlet dan Brunei satu (Maziah Mahusin; rintangan 400m).<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dengan demikian, Olimpiade London 2012 menjadi Olimpiade pertama di mana kesemua negara peserta mengikutsertakan atlet perempuan dalam kontingennya.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cabang olahraga pada Olimpiade yang menampilkan pria dan wanita berlaga secara bersamaan adalah <a href="/wiki/Berkuda" title="Berkuda">berkuda</a>. Tidak ada istilah "olahraga wanita" atau "olahraga pria" dalam Olimpiade. Meskipun demikian, pada tahun 2008 cabang olahraga yang diperlombakan untuk atlet pria masih lebih banyak dibanding atlet wanita. Dengan penambahan cabang tinju wanita dalam Olimpiade London 2012, diharapkan para atlet wanita akan dapat bersaing di semua cabang olahraga yang sama dengan para atlet pria.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kekerasan">Kekerasan</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg/230px-MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg/345px-MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg/460px-MunichMassacrePlaque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="2128" /></a><figcaption>Monumen peringatan <a href="/wiki/Peristiwa_M%C3%BCnchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Peristiwa München">Peristiwa München</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tiga ajang Olimpiade tidak dirayakan karena peperangan: tahun 1916, Olimpiade dibatalkan karena <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a>, sedangkan Olimpiade Musim Panas dan Musim Dingin tahun 1940 dan 1944 tidak dirayakan karena <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. <a href="/wiki/Perang_Ossetia_Selatan_(2008)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Ossetia Selatan (2008)">Perang Ossetia Selatan</a> antara <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a> meletus pada hari pertama pembukaan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>. <a href="/wiki/Presiden_Amerika_Serikat" title="Presiden Amerika Serikat">Presiden Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Rusia" title="Perdana Menteri Rusia">Perdana Menteri Rusia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> sama-sama menghadiri pembukaan Olimpiade saat itu dan saling mengobrol tentang konflik tersebut pada acara jamuan makan malam yang diadakan oleh <a href="/wiki/Daftar_Presiden_Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar Presiden Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Presiden RRT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Saat Nino Salukvadze dari Georgia memenangkan medali perunggu dari cabang <a href="/wiki/Menembak" class="mw-redirect" title="Menembak">menembak</a>, dia berdiri di podium kemenangan berdampingan dengan Natalia Paderina, atlet menembak dari Rusia yang meraih medali perak. Dari apa yang dipublikasikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Media">media</a>, dikabarkan kalau Salukvadze dan Paderina saling memeluk di podium setelah upacara penyerahan medali berakhir.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Terorisme" title="Terorisme">Terorisme</a> juga pernah menghantui penyelenggaraan Olimpiade. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_M%C3%BCnchen_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade München 1972">Olimpiade München 1972</a> di <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>, sekelompok teroris dari <i>Palestinian Black September</i> berhasil memasuki kamp atlet Israel lalu menyandera dan membunuh 11 atlet <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> beserta seorang polisi Jerman. Tragedi tersebut dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Peristiwa_M%C3%BCnchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Peristiwa München">Peristiwa München</a>. Atas peristiwa ini, penyelenggaraan Olimpiade saat itu dijeda untuk memberi penghormatan pada para korban dan kemudian dilanjutkan kembali.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Atlanta 1996">Olimpiade Atlanta 1996</a> di Amerika Serikat, sebuah bom diledakkan di <i>Centennial Olympic Park</i>, menewaskan 2 orang dan melukai 111 lainnya. Pengeboman tersebut di gembongi oleh Eric Robert Rudolph, seorang teroris domestik Amerika yang kemudian dijatuhi hukuman seumur hidup atas perbuatannya.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tingkat pengamanan dalam perayaan Olimpiade juga semakin diperketat setelah terjadinya <a href="/wiki/11_September_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="11 September 2001">serangan 11 September 2001</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pemenang_dan_medali">Pemenang dan medali</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/wiki/Daftar_perolehan_medali_Olimpiade_sepanjang_masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar perolehan medali Olimpiade sepanjang masa">Daftar perolehan medali Olimpiade sepanjang masa</a></div> <p>Atlet atau tim yang berhasil menempati posisi pertama, kedua dan ketiga dalam Olimpiade masing-masing dianugerahi sebuah <a href="/wiki/Medali" title="Medali">medali</a>. Pemenang pertama dianugerahi medali emas, yang betul-betul terbuat dari emas murni sampai <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Stockholm_1912" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Stockholm 1912">Olimpiade Stockholm 1912</a>, setelah itu terbuat dari perak berlapis emas sampai sekarang. Setiap medali emas harus mengandung setidaknya enam gram emas murni.<sup id="cite_ref-BeijingOlymp-1_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BeijingOlymp-1-179"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>Runner-up</i> atau juara kedua dianugerahi medali perak dan juara ketiga mendapatkan medali perunggu. Dalam cabang olahraga yang memakai <a href="/wiki/Sistem_gugur" title="Sistem gugur">sistem gugur</a> (terutama <a href="/wiki/Tinju" title="Tinju">tinju</a>), tempat ketiga biasanya tidak ditentukan dan kedua semifinalis akan mendapatkan medali perunggu. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_1896" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 1896">Olimpiade Athena 1896</a>, hanya medali perak dan perunggu yang diberikan. Format tiga medali ini baru diperkenalkan dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_St._Louis_1904" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade St. Louis 1904">Olimpiade St. Louis 1904</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sejak <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_1948" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 1948">Olimpiade London 1948</a>, urutan keempat, kelima, dan keenam diberi sertifikat, yang selanjutnya dikenal sebagai diploma kemenangan. Kemudian, dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984</a>, urutan ketujuh dan kedelapan juga diberi diploma kemenangan. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 2004">Olimpiade Athena 2004</a>, penerima medali emas, perak dan perunggu juga dikalungkan <a href="/wiki/Zaitun" title="Zaitun">bunga zaitun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Berikut ini merupakan atlet-atlet peraih medali terbanyak berdasarkan perolehan medali emas sepanjang sejarah penyelenggaraan Olimpiade: </p> <center> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; background: #F9F9F9;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="20%" style="background:#ccddff">Atlet </th> <th width="15%" style="background:#ccddff">Cabang olahraga </th> <th width="15%" style="background:#ccddff">Periode </th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gold_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medali emas"><img alt="Medali emas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gold_medal.svg/21px-Gold_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gold_medal.svg/32px-Gold_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gold_medal.svg/42px-Gold_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Medali emas</figcaption></figure> </th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Silver_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medali perak"><img alt="Medali perak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Silver_medal.svg/21px-Silver_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Silver_medal.svg/32px-Silver_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Silver_medal.svg/42px-Silver_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Medali perak</figcaption></figure> </th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Bronze_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medali perunggu"><img alt="Medali perunggu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bronze_medal.svg/21px-Bronze_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bronze_medal.svg/32px-Bronze_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bronze_medal.svg/42px-Bronze_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Medali perunggu</figcaption></figure> </th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat"><img alt="Amerika Serikat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Renang" class="mw-redirect" title="Renang">Renang</a> </td> <td align="center">2004–2016 </td> <td align="center">23 </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center">28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet"><img alt="Uni Soviet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Larisa_Latynina" title="Larisa Latynina">Larisa Latynina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Senam_artistik" title="Senam artistik">Senam artistik</a> </td> <td align="center">1956–1964 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9 </td> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center">18 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia"><img alt="Finlandia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paavo_Nurmi" title="Paavo Nurmi">Paavo Nurmi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atletik" title="Atletik">Atletik</a> </td> <td align="center">1920–1928 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9 </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat"><img alt="Amerika Serikat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Spitz" title="Mark Spitz">Mark Spitz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Renang" class="mw-redirect" title="Renang">Renang</a> </td> <td align="center">1968–1972 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat"><img alt="Amerika Serikat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atletik" title="Atletik">Atletik</a> </td> <td align="center">1984–1996 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia"><img alt="Norwegia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marit_Bj%C3%B8rgen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marit Bjørgen (halaman belum tersedia)">Marit Bjørgen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ski_lintas_alam" title="Ski lintas alam">Ski lintas alam</a> </td> <td align="center">2002–2018 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 </td> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center">15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia"><img alt="Norwegia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ole_Einar_Bj%C3%B8rndalen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ole Einar Bjørndalen (halaman belum tersedia)">Ole Einar Bjørndalen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Biatlon" title="Biatlon">Biatlon</a> </td> <td align="center">1998–2014 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 </td> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia"><img alt="Norwegia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rn_D%C3%A6hlie" title="Bjørn Dæhlie">Bjørn Dæhlie</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ski_lintas_alam" title="Ski lintas alam">Ski lintas alam</a> </td> <td align="center">1992–1998 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 </td> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman"><img alt="Jerman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgit_Fischer_(Sportlerin)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Birgit Fischer (Sportlerin) (halaman belum tersedia)">Birgit Fischer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dayung" title="Dayung">Dayung</a> </td> <td align="center">1980–2004 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 </td> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang"><img alt="Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sawao_Kato" title="Sawao Kato">Sawao Kato</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Senam_artistik" title="Senam artistik">Senam artistik</a> </td> <td align="center">1968–1976 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat"><img alt="Amerika Serikat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Thompson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jenny Thompson (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenny Thompson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Renang" class="mw-redirect" title="Renang">Renang</a> </td> <td align="center">1992–2004 </td> <td align="center"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">12 </td></tr></tbody></table></center> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><small>Sumber: Situs resmi Olimpiade<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </small></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Mengenai perolehan medali, IOC memang tidak mengakui urutan global berdasarkan negara, tabulasi medali ditampilkan sekadar untuk informasi saja. Lebih lanjut, hasil-hasil yang ditampilkan merupakan hasil resmi dan diambil dari "Laporan Resmi" - sebuah dokumen yang diterbitkan untuk setiap Olimpiade oleh Komite Organisasi. Namun untuk Olimpiade-Olimpiade mula-mula hingga <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Antwerpen_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920">Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920</a>, terdapat kesulitan dalam menghitung jumlah medali per negara, karena banyak tim yang mengikutsertakan atlet dari negara-negara lainnya. Tabulasi medali berdasarkan negara ini bersumber dari jumlah medali emas yang diperoleh, dengan medali emas mendapat prioritas lebih tinggi dari perak dan perunggu. Kemenangan beregu dianggap sebagai satu medali saja.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dengan mengacu kepada data yang dirilis oleh <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a>, berikut ini adalah sepuluh negara dengan perolehan medali emas terbanyak sepanjang sejarah penyelenggaraan Olimpiade (hingga tahun 2014), baik Musim Panas maupun Musim Dingin: </p> <center> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; background: #F9F9F9; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#ccddff">Peringkat</th> <th width="22%" style="background:#ccddff">Negara</th> <th style="background:#ccddff">Jumlah Olimpiade<br />yang diikuti</th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gold_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medali emas"><img alt="Medali emas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gold_medal.svg/21px-Gold_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gold_medal.svg/32px-Gold_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gold_medal.svg/42px-Gold_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Medali emas</figcaption></figure></th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Silver_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medali perak"><img alt="Medali perak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Silver_medal.svg/21px-Silver_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Silver_medal.svg/32px-Silver_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Silver_medal.svg/42px-Silver_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Medali perak</figcaption></figure></th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Bronze_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medali perunggu"><img alt="Medali perunggu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bronze_medal.svg/21px-Bronze_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bronze_medal.svg/32px-Bronze_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bronze_medal.svg/42px-Bronze_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Medali perunggu</figcaption></figure></th> <th width="10%" style="background:#ccddff">Total</th> <th style="background:#ccddff">Sumber </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a></td> <td>51</td> <td>1166</td> <td>948</td> <td>836</td> <td>2941</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td bgcolor="BurlyWood" align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a></td> <td>18</td> <td>473</td> <td>376</td> <td>355</td> <td>1204</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a></td> <td>28</td> <td>283</td> <td>282</td> <td>290</td> <td>855</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a></td> <td>51</td> <td>274</td> <td>299</td> <td>310</td> <td>883</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a></td> <td>51</td> <td>248</td> <td>276</td> <td>316</td> <td>840</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a></td> <td>50</td> <td>246</td> <td>214</td> <td>241</td> <td>701</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">RRT</a></td> <td>21</td> <td>237</td> <td>195</td> <td>176</td> <td>608</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>8 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Swedia" title="Swedia">Swedia</a></td> <td>51</td> <td>202</td> <td>216</td> <td>234</td> <td>652</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>9 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a></td> <td>12</td> <td>195</td> <td>163</td> <td>188</td> <td>546</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>10 </th> <td bgcolor="BurlyWood" align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Jerman_Timur" title="Jerman Timur">Jerman Timur</a></td> <td>11</td> <td>192</td> <td>165</td> <td>162</td> <td>519</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>... </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>51 </th> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td>16</td> <td>10</td> <td>15</td> <td>15</td> <td>40</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;background:BurlyWood">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <b>Bekas negara</b></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kota_dan_negara_tuan_rumah">Kota dan negara tuan rumah</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG/300px-Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG/450px-Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG/600px-Summer_olympics_all_cities.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1265" data-file-height="626" /></a><figcaption>Peta lokasi Olimpiade Musim Panas. Negara-negara yang telah menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade sebanyak satu kali ditandai dengan warna hijau, lebih dari sekali ditandai dengan warna biru.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg/300px-Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg/450px-Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg/600px-Winter_olympics_all_cities.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Peta lokasi Olimpiade Musim Dingin. Negara-negara yang telah menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade sebanyak satu kali ditandai dengan warna hijau, lebih dari sekali ditandai dengan warna biru.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kota tuan rumah untuk Olimpiade biasanya dipilih tujuh tahun menjelang perayaan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-bidpro_195-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bidpro-195"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Proses seleksi dilakukan dalam dua tahap yang memakan waktu dua tahun. Calon kota tuan rumah mengajukan proposal ke NOC di negaranya. Jika terdapat lebih dari satu kota dari negara yang sama mengajukan proposal ke NOC nya, maka NOC di negara tersebut biasanya menggunakan seleksi internal, karena hanya satu kota per NOC yang dapat diajukan ke IOC sebagai nominasi kota tuan rumah. Setelah batas waktu pengajuan proposal kepada NOC tercapai, tahap pertama (aplikasi) dimulai dengan kota-kota pemohon diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner tentang kriteria utama yang terkait dengan penyelenggaraan Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-hostcity_196-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hostcity-196"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam tahap ini, kota pemohon harus memberikan jaminan bahwa mereka akan mematuhi Piagam Olimpiade dan peraturan lainnya yang ditetapkan oleh IOC.<sup id="cite_ref-bidpro_195-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bidpro-195"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kuesioner yang telah diisi oleh kota pemohon di evaluasi oleh kelompok khusus yang ditugaskan oleh IOC. Dari hasil evaluasi ini, Dewan Eksekutif IOC memilih kota kandidat yang akan dilanjutkan ke tahap pencalonan.<sup id="cite_ref-hostcity_196-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hostcity-196"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Setelah kota-kota kandidat tuan rumah Olimpiade terpilih, mereka akan di analisis oleh Komisi Evaluasi. Komisi ini akan mengunjungi kota-kota kandidat, mewawancarai pejabat setempat dan memeriksa tempat-tempat yang prospektif. Selama proses wawancara, kota kandidat juga harus menjamin bahwa mereka sanggup untuk mendanai Olimpiade. Berikutnya, Komisi Evaluasi melaporkan hasil analisisnya pada IOC sebulan sebelum keputusan akhir diputuskan.<sup id="cite_ref-bidpro_195-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bidpro-195"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Setelah tugas Komisi Evaluasi selesai, daftar calon dipresentasikan dalam sidang umum IOC. Sidang umum ini diselenggarakan di suatu negara yang tidak memiliki kota kandidat dalam pencalonan. Para anggota IOC memberikan masing-masing satu suara untuk memilih kota tuan rumah Olimpiade. Setelah terpilih, kota tuan rumah beserta NOC nya akan menandatangani kontrak dengan IOC dan secara resmi dinobatkan sebagai kota tuan rumah penyelenggara Olimpiade.<sup id="cite_ref-bidpro_195-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bidpro-195"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hingga tahun 2016, Olimpiade telah diselenggarakan oleh 44 kota di 23 negara, namun sebagian besarnya adalah kota-kota di <a href="/wiki/Eropa" title="Eropa">Eropa</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Utara" title="Amerika Utara">Amerika Utara</a>. Kota-kota di luar itu yang pernah menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade terhitung hanya delapan kota. Sejak <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Seoul_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Seoul 1988">Olimpiade Seoul 1988</a> di <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a>, Olimpiade telah diselenggarakan di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Oseania" title="Oseania">Oseania</a> sebanyak empat kali, meningkat tajam dibandingkan dengan 92 tahun sebelumnya (cuma dua kota). <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> menjadi kota pertama di <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Selatan" title="Amerika Selatan">Amerika Selatan</a> yang menjadi kota penyelenggara Olimpiade (2016). Sedangkan kota-kota di <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> tidak ada yang berhasil lolos ke tahap pencalonan.<sup id="cite_ref-hostcity_196-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hostcity-196"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amerika Serikat telah menyelenggarakan empat Olimpiade Musim Panas dan empat Olimpiade Musim Dingin, paling banyak dibanding negara lain. <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> telah menjadi tuan rumah dua Olimpiade Musim Panas, dan menjadi tuan rumah yang ketiga kalinya pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> adalah negara-negara yang telah menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade Musim Panas sebanyak dua kali. Di antara kota-kota tuan rumah, hanya <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a> dan <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> yang pernah menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade Musim Panas lebih dari sekali (masing-masing dua kali). Dengan diselenggarakannya Olimpiade Musim Panas 2012 di London, kota ini memegang rekor baru sebagai satu-satunya kota yang telah menyelenggarakan Olimpiade Musim Panas sebanyak tiga kali. </p><p>Mengenai Olimpiade Musim Dingin, Prancis telah menjadi tuan rumah untuk tiga Olimpiade, sementara <a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia">Norwegia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> telah menyelenggarakan dua kali Olimpiade. <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_Vancouver_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin Vancouver 2010">Olimpiade Musim Dingin terakhir</a> diadakan di <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, menjadi Olimpiade Musim Dingin kedua dan ketiga secara keseluruhan yang diselenggarakan di Kanada. <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_Sochi_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin Sochi 2014">Olimpiade Musim Dingin berikutnya</a> akan diselenggarakan untuk pertama kalinya di <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> pada tahun 2014. </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <th colspan="11" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Olympic_flag.svg/77px-Olympic_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="77" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Olympic_flag.svg/116px-Olympic_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Olympic_flag.svg/154px-Olympic_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#C1D8FF"> <th colspan="5" width="65%"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas">Olimpiade Musim Panas</a> </th> <th width="1%" rowspan="42" bgcolor="ffffff"> </th> <th colspan="5" width="65%"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin">Olimpiade Musim Dingin</a> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#C1D8FF"> <th width="4%">Logo </th> <th width="3%">Tahun </th> <th width="15%">Perayaan </th> <th colspan="2" width="28%">Tuan rumah </th> <th width="4%">Logo </th> <th width="3%">Tahun </th> <th width="15%">Perayaan </th> <th colspan="2" width="28%">Tuan rumah </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th width="4%"> </th> <th width="3%"> </th> <th width="11%"> </th> <th width="12%">Kota </th> <th width="15%">Negara </th> <th width="4%"> </th> <th width="3%"> </th> <th width="11%"> </th> <th width="12%">Kota </th> <th width="15%">Negara </th></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg/35px-Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg/53px-Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg/70px-Athens_1896_report_cover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="778" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1896" title="1896">1896</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_1896" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 1896">Ke-I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:State_Flag_of_Greece_(1863-1924_and_1935-1973).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/68px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/90px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg/35px-Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg/53px-Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg/70px-Poster_van_zomerspelen_1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="599" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Paris_1900" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Paris 1900">Ke-II</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/68px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/90px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1904summerolympicsposter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1904summerolympicsposter.jpg/35px-1904summerolympicsposter.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1904summerolympicsposter.jpg/53px-1904summerolympicsposter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1904summerolympicsposter.jpg/70px-1904summerolympicsposter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1021" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_St._Louis_1904" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade St. Louis 1904">Ke-III</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Louis (Missouri)">St. Louis</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States_(1896%E2%80%931908).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1906_olympics.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1906_olympics.jpg/35px-1906_olympics.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1906_olympics.jpg/53px-1906_olympics.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1906_olympics.jpg/70px-1906_olympics.jpg 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1906" title="1906">1906</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_1906" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 1906">Olimpiade Interkala</a><br /><small>(Tidak resmi)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:State_Flag_of_Greece_(1863-1924_and_1935-1973).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/45px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/68px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/90px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg/35px-Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg/53px-Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg/70px-Olimpiad_medal_1908.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_1908" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 1908">Ke-IV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG/35px-1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG" decoding="async" width="35" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG/53px-1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG/70px-1912_Baseball_Olympics.PNG 2x" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="402" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Stockholm_1912" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Stockholm 1912">Ke-V</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/68px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/90px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Swedia" title="Swedia">Swedia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td colspan="5"><small>Olimpiade ke-VI dibatalkan karena <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a></small> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> </td> <td>Ke-VI </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jerman" title="Kekaisaran Jerman">Kekaisaran Jerman</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1920_olympics_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1920_olympics_poster.jpg/35px-1920_olympics_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1920_olympics_poster.jpg/53px-1920_olympics_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1920_olympics_poster.jpg/70px-1920_olympics_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Antwerpen_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Antwerpen 1920">Ke-VII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antwerpen" title="Antwerpen">Antwerpen</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Belgium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/53px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/70px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Belgia" title="Belgia">Belgia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td colspan="5"> </td> <td colspan="5"><small>Awal penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Musim Dingin</small> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Paris_1924" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Paris 1924">Ke-VIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/68px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/90px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1924WOlympicPoster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/1924WOlympicPoster.jpg/35px-1924WOlympicPoster.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/1924WOlympicPoster.jpg/53px-1924WOlympicPoster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/1924WOlympicPoster.jpg/70px-1924WOlympicPoster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1112" data-file-height="1576" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1924" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1924">Ke-I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chamonix" title="Chamonix">Chamonix</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/68px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/90px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Amsterdam_1928" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Amsterdam 1928">Ke-IX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Belanda" title="Belanda">Belanda</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=1928_Winter_Olympics_(logo).jpg" class="new" title="Berkas:1928 Winter Olympics (logo).jpg"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:1928 Winter Olympics (logo).jpg</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1928" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1928">Ke-II</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Moritz" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Switzerland_(Pantone).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/53px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/70px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=Los_Angeles1932_logo.gif" class="new" title="Berkas:Los Angeles1932 logo.gif"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:Los Angeles1932 logo.gif</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1932" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1932">Ke-X</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States_(1912-1959).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg/35px-Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg/53px-Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg/70px-Olympic_Bobsled_Run_Lake_Placid2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1868" data-file-height="2777" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1932" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1932">Ke-III</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Placid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Placid (halaman belum tersedia)">Lake Placid</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States_(1912-1959).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Berlin_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Berlin 1936">Ke-XI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Germany_(1933%E2%80%931935).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman Nazi</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/87/1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/87/1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/87/1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-1936_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1936" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1936">Ke-IV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Garmisch-Partenkirchen" title="Garmisch-Partenkirchen">Garmisch-Partenkirchen</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Germany_(1933%E2%80%931935).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman Nazi</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td colspan="11"><small>Olimpiade Musim Panas dan Musim Dingin tahun 1940 dan 1944 dibatalkan karena <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a></small> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> </td> <td>Ke-XII </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> </td> <td>Ke-XIII </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d&#39;Ampezzo">Cortina d'Ampezzo</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_logo_1948.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/2/22/Olympic_logo_1948.gif/35px-Olympic_logo_1948.gif" decoding="async" width="35" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/2/22/Olympic_logo_1948.gif/53px-Olympic_logo_1948.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/2/22/Olympic_logo_1948.gif/70px-Olympic_logo_1948.gif 2x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="370" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_1948" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 1948">Ke-XIV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1948" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1948">Ke-V</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Moritz" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Switzerland_(Pantone).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/80px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss">Swiss</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympia-1952.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olympia-1952.jpg/35px-Olympia-1952.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olympia-1952.jpg/53px-Olympia-1952.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olympia-1952.jpg/70px-Olympia-1952.jpg 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="371" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Helsinki_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Helsinki 1952">Ke-XV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Finland_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Finland_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Finland_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Finland_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Finland_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Finland_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Finland_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="55" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1952" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1952">Ke-VI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/45px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/68px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/90px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia">Norwegia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_logo_1956.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/f/fe/Olympic_logo_1956.gif/35px-Olympic_logo_1956.gif" decoding="async" width="35" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/f/fe/Olympic_logo_1956.gif/53px-Olympic_logo_1956.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/f/fe/Olympic_logo_1956.gif/70px-Olympic_logo_1956.gif 2x" data-file-width="224" data-file-height="370" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Melbourne_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Melbourne 1956">Ke-XVI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/68px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1956" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1956">Ke-VII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d&#39;Ampezzo">Cortina d'Ampezzo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/68px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/90px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_logo_1960.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/6/6c/Olympic_logo_1960.gif/35px-Olympic_logo_1960.gif" decoding="async" width="35" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/6/6c/Olympic_logo_1960.gif/53px-Olympic_logo_1960.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/6/6c/Olympic_logo_1960.gif/70px-Olympic_logo_1960.gif 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="170" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Roma_1960" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Roma 1960">Ke-XVII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/68px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/90px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1960" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1960">Ke-VIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Squaw_Valley&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Squaw Valley (halaman belum tersedia)">Squaw Valley</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:US_flag_49_stars.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/US_flag_49_stars.svg/45px-US_flag_49_stars.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/US_flag_49_stars.svg/68px-US_flag_49_stars.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/US_flag_49_stars.svg/90px-US_flag_49_stars.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1964_solympics_logo.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/5/58/1964_solympics_logo.gif/35px-1964_solympics_logo.gif" decoding="async" width="35" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/5/58/1964_solympics_logo.gif/53px-1964_solympics_logo.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/5/58/1964_solympics_logo.gif/70px-1964_solympics_logo.gif 2x" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="370" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Tokyo_1964" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Tokyo 1964">Ke-XVIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1964" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1964">Ke-IX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/68px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/90px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1968_Mexico_emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/1968_Mexico_emblem.svg/35px-1968_Mexico_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/1968_Mexico_emblem.svg/53px-1968_Mexico_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/1968_Mexico_emblem.svg/70px-1968_Mexico_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="35" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Mexico_City_1968" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Mexico City 1968">Ke-XIX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/68px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/90px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1968" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1968">Ke-X</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grenoble" title="Grenoble">Grenoble</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/68px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/90px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/2/24/1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg/35px-1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/2/24/1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg/53px-1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/2/24/1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg/70px-1972_Summer_Olympics_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="453" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_M%C3%BCnchen_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade München 1972">Ke-XX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen" title="München">München</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/68px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/90px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jerman_Barat" title="Jerman Barat">Jerman Barat</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1972" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1972">Ke-XI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=1976summerolympicslogo.png" class="new" title="Berkas:1976summerolympicslogo.png"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:1976summerolympicslogo.png</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Montreal_1976" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Montreal 1976">Ke-XXI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/45px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/68px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/90px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1976" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1976">Ke-XII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/68px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/90px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=1980S_emblem_b.png" class="new" title="Berkas:1980S emblem b.png"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:1980S emblem b.png</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Moskwa_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Moskwa 1980">Ke-XXII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moskow" title="Moskow">Moskow</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_(dark_version).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28dark_version%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28dark_version%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28dark_version%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28dark_version%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28dark_version%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28dark_version%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1980" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1980">Ke-XIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Placid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Placid (halaman belum tersedia)">Lake Placid</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:84summerolympicslogo.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/0/02/84summerolympicslogo.gif/35px-84summerolympicslogo.gif" decoding="async" width="35" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/0/02/84summerolympicslogo.gif/53px-84summerolympicslogo.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/0/02/84summerolympicslogo.gif/70px-84summerolympicslogo.gif 2x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="254" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Los_Angeles_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Los Angeles 1984">Ke-XXIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1984" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1984">Ke-XIV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Yugoslavia_(1946-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=1988summerolympicslogo.jpg" class="new" title="Berkas:1988summerolympicslogo.jpg"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:1988summerolympicslogo.jpg</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Seoul_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Seoul 1988">Ke-XXIV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_South_Korea_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=1988_wolympics_logo.png" class="new" title="Berkas:1988 wolympics logo.png"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:1988 wolympics logo.png</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1988" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1988">Ke-XV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/45px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/68px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/90px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1992summerolympicslogo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/b/b8/1992summerolympicslogo.jpg/35px-1992summerolympicslogo.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/b/b8/1992summerolympicslogo.jpg/53px-1992summerolympicslogo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/b/b8/1992summerolympicslogo.jpg/70px-1992summerolympicslogo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Barcelona_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Barcelona 1992">Ke-XXV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/68px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/90px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Spanyol" title="Spanyol">Spanyol</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1992_wolympics_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/18/1992_wolympics_logo.svg/35px-1992_wolympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/18/1992_wolympics_logo.svg/53px-1992_wolympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/18/1992_wolympics_logo.svg/70px-1992_wolympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="620" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1992" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1992">Ke-XVI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albertville" title="Albertville">Albertville</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/68px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/90px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td colspan="11"><small>Olimpiade Musim Dingin ke-XVII dan seterusnya diselenggarakan dua tahun berselang dari Olimpiade Musim Panas</small> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Lokasi_berkas/1996summerolympicslogo.jpg" title="Istimewa:Lokasi berkas/1996summerolympicslogo.jpg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/4/4e/1996_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-1996_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/4/4e/1996_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-1996_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/4/4e/1996_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-1996_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Atlanta 1996">Ke-XXVI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/9/96/1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/9/96/1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/9/96/1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-1994_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="131" data-file-height="172" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1994" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1994">Ke-XVII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lillehammer" title="Lillehammer">Lillehammer</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/45px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/68px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/90px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia">Norwegia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Lokasi_berkas/2000summerolympicslogo.jpg" title="Istimewa:Lokasi berkas/2000summerolympicslogo.jpg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/81/2000_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-2000_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/81/2000_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-2000_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/81/2000_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-2000_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="329" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Sydney_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Sydney 2000">Ke-XXVII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/68px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/f/fc/1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/f/fc/1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/f/fc/1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-1998_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1998" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1998">Ke-XVIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagano" title="Nagano">Nagano</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Lokasi_berkas/Athens_2004_logo.jpg" title="Istimewa:Lokasi berkas/Athens 2004 logo.jpg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/16/2004_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-2004_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/16/2004_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-2004_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/16/2004_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-2004_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="383" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 2004">Ke-XXVIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Athena">Athena</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/68px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/90px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-2002_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1010" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2002" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002">Ke-XIX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Lokasi_berkas/Beijing_2008_logo.gif" title="Istimewa:Lokasi berkas/Beijing 2008 logo.gif"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/87/2008_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-2008_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/87/2008_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-2008_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/87/2008_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-2008_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Ke-XXIX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/RRT" class="mw-redirect" title="RRT">RRT</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Pengunggahan&amp;wpDestFile=Torino_2006.png" class="new" title="Berkas:Torino 2006.png"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="35">Berkas:Torino 2006.png</span></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2006" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006">Ke-XX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/68px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/90px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Lokasi_berkas/London_Olympics_2012_logo.png" title="Istimewa:Lokasi berkas/London Olympics 2012 logo.png"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/d/de/2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/d/de/2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/d/de/2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="131" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Ke-XXX</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Lokasi_berkas/Vancouver_2010.png" title="Istimewa:Lokasi berkas/Vancouver 2010.png"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/a/a7/2010_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/35px-2010_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/a/a7/2010_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/53px-2010_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/a/a7/2010_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg/70px-2010_Winter_Olympics_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_Vancouver_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin Vancouver 2010">Ke-XXI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Canada.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/45px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/68px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/90px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/c/c1/Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg/35px-Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/c/c1/Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg/53px-Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/c/c1/Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg/70px-Olympia_2016_-_Rio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="211" data-file-height="299" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016" title="2016">2016</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2016" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2016">Ke-XXXI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Brazil.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/45px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/68px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/90px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Sochi_2014_(Emblem).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sochi_2014_%28Emblem%29.svg/35px-Sochi_2014_%28Emblem%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sochi_2014_%28Emblem%29.svg/53px-Sochi_2014_%28Emblem%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sochi_2014_%28Emblem%29.svg/70px-Sochi_2014_%28Emblem%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="271" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2014" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2014">Ke-XXII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sochi" title="Sochi">Sochi</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/68px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/1d/2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg/35px-2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/1d/2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg/53px-2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/1/1d/2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg/70px-2020_Summer_Olympics_logo_new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="390" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2020" title="2020">2020</a> *<i>Olimpiade kemudian ditunda penyelenggaraannya hingga 2021 dikarenakan wabah covid-19</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2020" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2020">Ke-XXXII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg/35px-PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg/53px-PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg/70px-PyeongChang_2018_Winter_Olympics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018">Ke-XXIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyeongchang">Pyeongchang</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_South_Korea_(bordered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg/68px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%28bordered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2024" title="2024">2024</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2024" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2024">Ke-XXXIII</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/68px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/90px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022" title="2022">2022</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2022" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022">Ke-XXIV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/RRT" class="mw-redirect" title="RRT">RRT</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#F5FAFF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2028" title="2028">2028</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2028" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2028">Ke-XXXIV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2026" title="2026">2026</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2026" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2026">Ke-XXV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d&#39;Ampezzo">Cortina d'Ampezzo</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/68px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/90px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" bgcolor="#D0E7FF"> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2032" title="2032">2032</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2032" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2032">Ke-XXXV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/68px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td> </td> <td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2030" title="2030">2030</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2030" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2030">Ke-XXVI</a> </td> <td><i>TBA</i> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small>Sumber: <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partisipasi_Indonesia">Partisipasi Indonesia</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Indonesia_pada_Olimpiade" title="Indonesia pada Olimpiade">Indonesia pada Olimpiade</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg/250px-Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg/375px-Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg/500px-Indonesian_Olympic_Hopefuls_1956.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1148" data-file-height="825" /></a><figcaption>Kontingen Olimpiade Indonesia dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Melbourne_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Melbourne 1956">Olimpiade Melbourne 1956</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Indonesia pertama kali berpartisipasi dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Helsinki_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Helsinki 1952">Olimpiade Helsinki 1952</a> di <a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a>. Setelah itu Indonesia sempat dua kali tidak ikut Olimpiade yaitu pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Tokyo_1964" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Tokyo 1964">Olimpiade Tokyo 1964</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Moskwa_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Moskwa 1980">Olimpiade Moskwa 1980</a> karena boikot sehubungan dengan perang Soviet-Afganistan. Sejak awal keikutsertaannya, tercatat Indonesia sudah mengumpulkan total 37 medali, dengan rincian: 8 medali emas, 14 medali perak dan 15 medali perunggu.<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Berikut pencapaian Indonesia selama mengikuti Olimpiade: </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Susi-Mia_Barcelona.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/8/81/Susi-Mia_Barcelona.jpg/250px-Susi-Mia_Barcelona.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/8/81/Susi-Mia_Barcelona.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="229" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mia_Audina" title="Mia Audina">Mia Audina</a> (kiri) dan <a href="/wiki/Susi_Susanti" title="Susi Susanti">Susi Susanti</a> (kanan), saat meraih medali perak dan perunggu dalam <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1996" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1996">Olimpiade Musim Panas 1996</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Seoul_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Seoul 1988">Olimpiade Seoul 1988</a>: Atlet Indonesia meraih medali untuk pertama kalinya, yaitu ketika <a href="/wiki/Nurfitriyana_Saiman" title="Nurfitriyana Saiman">Nurfitriyana Saiman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kusuma_Wardhani" title="Kusuma Wardhani">Kusuma Wardhani</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Lilies_Handayani" title="Lilies Handayani">Lilies Handayani</a> meraih medali perak dalam cabang panahan beregu putri.<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Barcelona_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Barcelona 1992">Olimpiade Barcelona 1992</a>: Medali emas pertama Indonesia diraih oleh <a href="/wiki/Susi_Susanti" title="Susi Susanti">Susi Susanti</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putri) dan <a href="/wiki/Alan_Budikusuma" title="Alan Budikusuma">Alan Budikusuma</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putra). Sedangkan medali perak diraih oleh <a href="/wiki/Ardi_B._Wiranata" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardi B. Wiranata">Ardi B. Wiranata</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putra) dan <a href="/wiki/Eddy_Hartono" class="mw-disambig" title="Eddy Hartono">Eddy Hartono</a>-<a href="/wiki/Rudy_Gunawan" title="Rudy Gunawan">Rudy Gunawan</a> (bulu tangkis ganda putra), disusul oleh <a href="/wiki/Hermawan_Susanto" title="Hermawan Susanto">Hermawan Susanto</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putra) yang meraih medali perunggu.<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Atlanta 1996">Olimpiade Atlanta 1996</a>: Indonesia meraih 1 emas, 1 perak dan 2 perunggu. Semua medali untuk kontingen Indonesia dipersembahkan oleh tim <a href="/wiki/Bulu_tangkis" title="Bulu tangkis">bulu tangkis</a>, dengan rincian medali emas diraih oleh: <a href="/wiki/Rexy_Mainaky" title="Rexy Mainaky">Rexy Mainaky</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ricky_Subagja" title="Ricky Subagja">Ricky Subagja</a> (ganda putra), medali perak: <a href="/wiki/Mia_Audina" title="Mia Audina">Mia Audina</a> (tunggal puteri); medali perunggu: Susi Susanti (tunggal putri) dan <a href="/wiki/Denny_Kantono" title="Denny Kantono">Denny Kantono</a>-<a href="/wiki/Antonius_B._Ariantho" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonius B. Ariantho">Antonius B. Ariantho</a> (ganda putra).<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Sydney_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Sydney 2000">Olimpiade Sydney 2000</a>: Indonesia meraih 1 emas, 3 perak dan 2 perunggu. Emas diraih oleh: <a href="/wiki/Tony_Gunawan" title="Tony Gunawan">Tony Gunawan</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chandra_Wijaya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chandra Wijaya (halaman belum tersedia)">Chandra Wijaya</a> (bulu tangkis ganda putra), medali perak diraih oleh: <a href="/wiki/Hendrawan" title="Hendrawan">Hendrawan</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putra), Tri Kusharjanto-<a href="/wiki/Minarti_Timur" title="Minarti Timur">Minarti Timur</a> (bulu tangkis ganda campuran) dan <a href="/wiki/Raema_Lisa_Rumbewas" title="Raema Lisa Rumbewas">Raema Lisa Rumbewas</a> (angkat berat putri 48&#160;kg). Sedangkan medali perunggu diraih oleh: <a href="/wiki/Sri_Indriyani" title="Sri Indriyani">Sri Indriyani</a> (angkat berat putri 48&#160;kg) dan <a href="/wiki/Winarni_Binti_Slamet" title="Winarni Binti Slamet">Winarni</a> (angkat berat putri 53&#160;kg).<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Athena_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Athena 2004">Olimpiade Athena 2004</a>: Indonesia meraih 1 emas dan 2 perunggu. Emas: <a href="/wiki/Taufik_Hidayat" title="Taufik Hidayat">Taufik Hidayat</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putra), perunggu: <a href="/wiki/Soni_Dwi_Kuncoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Soni Dwi Kuncoro">Soni Dwi Kuncoro</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putra) dan <a href="/wiki/Flandy_Limpele" title="Flandy Limpele">Flandy Limpele</a>-<a href="/wiki/Eng_Hian" title="Eng Hian">Eng Hian</a> (bulu tangkis ganda putra).<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Beijing_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade Beijing 2008">Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>: Indonesia mendapatkan emas pertama melalui cabang bulu tangkis lewat pasangan ganda putra <a href="/wiki/Markis_Kido" title="Markis Kido">Markis Kido</a>-<a href="/wiki/Hendra_Setiawan" title="Hendra Setiawan">Hendra Setiawan</a>. Sedangkan medali perak diraih oleh <a href="/wiki/Nova_Widianto" title="Nova Widianto">Nova Widianto</a>-<a href="/wiki/Lilyana_Natsir" class="mw-redirect" title="Lilyana Natsir">Lilyana Natsir</a> (bulu tangkis ganda campuran), sementara itu medali perunggu diraih oleh <a href="/wiki/Maria_Kristin_Yulianti" title="Maria Kristin Yulianti">Maria Kristin Yulianti</a> (bulu tangkis tunggal putri), <a href="/wiki/Eko_Yuli_Irawan" title="Eko Yuli Irawan">Eko Yuli Irawan</a> (angkat besi 288&#160;kg) dan <a href="/wiki/Triyatno" title="Triyatno">Triyatno</a> (angkat besi 298&#160;kg).<sup id="cite_ref-Indonesia_194-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Pada <a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiade London 2012">Olimpiade London 2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia_pada_Olimpiade_London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesia pada Olimpiade London 2012">Indonesia mengirimkan 22 atlet</a>, dengan rincian sembilan atlet berasal dari cabang bulu tangkis, kemudian diikuti oleh cabang angkat besi sebanyak enam atlet. Sementara cabang atletik meloloskan dua atlet. Sedangkan anggar, panahan, renang, judo dan menembak masing-masing meloloskan satu atlet.<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jumlah atlet kali ini lebih sedikit dibanding <a href="/wiki/Indonesia_pada_Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2008" title="Indonesia pada Olimpiade Musim Panas 2008">kontingen yang dikirim pada Olimpiade Beijing 2008</a>. Di mana pada saat itu, Indonesia mengirimkan 24 orang atlet.<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dalam ajang ini, Indonesia berhasil meraih satu medali perak dan satu medali perunggu, di mana keduanya dipersembahkan oleh atlet dari cabang <a href="/wiki/Angkat_besi" title="Angkat besi">angkat besi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Triyatno" title="Triyatno">Triyatno</a>; perak dan <a href="/wiki/Eko_Yuli_Irawan" title="Eko Yuli Irawan">Eko Yuli Irawan</a>; perunggu). </p><p>Pada Olimpiade Rio 2016, Indonesia mengirimkan 28 atlet yang terdiri dari cabang bulu tangkis, atletik, panahan, dayung, angkat besi, balap sepeda dan renang.<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2016" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2016">Olimpiade Rio 2016</a>: Indonesia mendapatkan emas pertama melalui cabang bulu tangkis lewat pasangan ganda campuran <a href="/wiki/Tontowi_Ahmad" title="Tontowi Ahmad">Tantowi Ahmad</a>-<a href="/wiki/Liliyana_Natsir" title="Liliyana Natsir">Liliyana Natsir</a>. Sedangkan medali perak diraih oleh <a href="/wiki/Eko_Yuli_Irawan" title="Eko Yuli Irawan">Eko Yuli Irawan</a> (angkat besi 318&#160;kg) dan <a href="/wiki/Sri_Wahyuni_Agustiani" title="Sri Wahyuni Agustiani">Sri Wahyuni Agustiani</a> (angkat besi 200&#160;kg).<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajang_olahraga" title="Ajang olahraga">Ajang olahraga</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/fr/">"French and English are the official languages for the Olympic Games."</a> Diakses pada 7 Juli 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/national-olympic-committees">"National Olympic Committees (NOC) - Olympic Movement"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 28 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.atitle=National+Olympic+Committees+%28NOC%29+-+Olympic+Movement&amp;rft.date=2021-04-28&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Fnational-olympic-committees&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/indonesia">"Indonesia - National Olympic Committee (NOC)"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 28 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.atitle=Indonesia+-+National+Olympic+Committee+%28NOC%29&amp;rft.date=2021-04-28&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Findonesia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESwaddling20008-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwaddling20008_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSwaddling2000">Swaddling 2000</a>, hlm.&#160;8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESwaddling200054-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwaddling200054_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSwaddling2000">Swaddling 2000</a>, hlm.&#160;54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESwaddling200011-12-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwaddling200011-12_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSwaddling2000">Swaddling 2000</a>, hlm.&#160;11-12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Abrams, Harvey (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportlibrary.org/Olympictruce2000.html">"The Olympic Truce - Myth and Reality"</a>. <i>www.sportlibrary.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.sportlibrary.org&amp;rft.atitle=The+Olympic+Truce+-+Myth+and+Reality&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.aulast=Abrams&amp;rft.aufirst=Harvey&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportlibrary.org%2FOlympictruce2000.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Olympics/pol.html">"Did politics ever affect the ancient Games?"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Did+politics+ever+affect+the+ancient+Games%3F&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2FOlympics%2Fpol.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung200811-13-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung200811-13_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung2008">Young 2008</a>, hlm.&#160;11-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Pausanias (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0160:book=5:chapter=7:section=9">"Pausanias, Description of Greece, Elis 1, chapter 7, section 9"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Pausanias%2C+Description+of+Greece%2C+Elis+1%2C+chapter+7%2C+section+9&amp;rft.date=1918&amp;rft.au=Pausanias&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D7%3Asection%3D9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;access-date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Pindar (1990). Svarlien, Diane Arnson, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0162:book=O.:poem=10">"Olympian 10:For Hagesidamus of Western Locri Boys' Boxing 476 B.C."</a> <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Olympian+10%3AFor+Hagesidamus+of+Western+Locri+Boys%27+Boxing+476+B.C.&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.au=Pindar&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DO.%3Apoem%3D10&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Young, David C (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/sports/Olympic-Games">"Olympic Games"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Mei</span> 2021</span>. <span style="font-size:90%; color:#555">((Perlu berlangganan (<span title="Situs ini membutuhkan langganan berbayar untuk mengakses halaman ini." style="border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help">help</span>))</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Olympic+Games&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.aulast=Young&amp;rft.aufirst=David+C&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fsports%2FOlympic-Games&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Olympics/sports.html">"Ancient Sports"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Ancient+Sports&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2FOlympics%2Fsports.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Grasso, John; Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.id/books?id=uCN1CQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA127&amp;lpg=PA127&amp;dq=Coroebus,+a+cook+from+the+city+of+Elis,+was+the+first+Olympic+champion&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=ePnFmx2kww&amp;sig=ACfU3U0uoJTnxCO-FOqjLVtshdF9pxFUvw&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwispPCHv9bwAhWNYysKHYOEA9gQ6AEwE3oECBcQAw#v=onepage&amp;q=Coroebus,%20a%20cook%20from%20the%20city%20of%20Elis,%20was%20the%20first%20Olympic%20champion&amp;f=false"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Rowman &amp; Littlefield. hlm.&#160;127. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4422-4860-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4422-4860-1">978-1-4422-4860-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Olympic+Movement&amp;rft.pages=127&amp;rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4422-4860-1&amp;rft.aulast=Grasso&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft.au=Mallon%2C+Bill&amp;rft.au=Heijmans%2C+Jeroen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.id%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuCN1CQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA127%26lpg%3DPA127%26dq%3DCoroebus%2C%2Ba%2Bcook%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Bcity%2Bof%2BElis%2C%2Bwas%2Bthe%2Bfirst%2BOlympic%2Bchampion%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DePnFmx2kww%26sig%3DACfU3U0uoJTnxCO-FOqjLVtshdF9pxFUvw%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwispPCHv9bwAhWNYysKHYOEA9gQ6AEwE3oECBcQAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DCoroebus%2C%2520a%2520cook%2520from%2520the%2520city%2520of%2520Elis%2C%2520was%2520the%2520first%2520Olympic%2520champion%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurkert198395-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurkert198395_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurkert1983">Burkert 1983</a>, hlm.&#160;95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olympic Museum, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stillmed.olympic.org/media/Document%20Library/OlympicOrg/Documents/Document-Set-Teachers-The-Main-Olympic-Topics/The-Olympic-Games-in-Antiquity.pdf">The Olympic Games in Antiquity</a>", hal. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC002EN.html">"Running"</a>. <i>ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be&amp;rft.atitle=Running&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be%2Feng%2FTC002EN.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC008cEN.html#:~:text=Ancient%20Olympics&amp;text=The%20race%20of%20riders%20on,first%20time%20in%20648%20BC.&amp;text=Since%20the%20Greeks%20used%20neither,ran%20about%201,2%20km.">"Ancient Olympics"</a>. <i>ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be&amp;rft.atitle=Ancient+Olympics&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be%2Feng%2FTC008cEN.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DAncient%2520Olympics%26text%3DThe%2520race%2520of%2520riders%2520on%2Cfirst%2520time%2520in%2520648%2520BC.%26text%3DSince%2520the%2520Greeks%2520used%2520neither%2Cran%2520about%25201%2C2%2520km.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/ancient-olympic-games/the-sports-events">"Ancient Olympic Sports - running, long jump, discus, pankration"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 27 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.atitle=Ancient+Olympic+Sports+-+running%2C+long+jump%2C+discus%2C+pankration&amp;rft.date=2021-04-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Fancient-olympic-games%2Fthe-sports-events&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC007cEN.html#:~:text=It%20was%20a%20dangerous%20sport,stood%20ready%20to%20punish%20offenders.">"Pankration"</a>. <i>ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be&amp;rft.atitle=Pankration&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be%2Feng%2FTC007cEN.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DIt%2520was%2520a%2520dangerous%2520sport%2Cstood%2520ready%2520to%2520punish%2520offenders.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/ancient-olympic-games">"Welcome to the Ancient Olympic Games"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 27 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.atitle=Welcome+to+the+Ancient+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.date=2021-04-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Fancient-olympic-games&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/ancient-olympic-games/the-athlete">"Ancient Olympic Athletes"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 27 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.atitle=Ancient+Olympic+Athletes&amp;rft.date=2021-04-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Fancient-olympic-games%2Fthe-athlete&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Olympics/faq5.html">"Ancient Olympics FAQ 5"</a>. <i>www.perseus.tufts.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Ancient+Olympics+FAQ+5&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2FOlympics%2Ffaq5.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESwadling199990-93-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESwadling199990-93_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSwadling1999">Swadling 1999</a>, hlm.&#160;90-93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Klein, Christopher (10 Agustus 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/news/5-myths-about-the-ancient-olympics">"5 Myths About the Ancient Olympics"</a>. <i>HISTORY</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=HISTORY&amp;rft.atitle=5+Myths+About+the+Ancient+Olympics&amp;rft.date=2012-08-10&amp;rft.aulast=Klein&amp;rft.aufirst=Christopher&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fnews%2F5-myths-about-the-ancient-olympics&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/517/">"Archaeological Site of Olympia"</a>. <i>UNESCO World Heritage Centre</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&amp;rft.atitle=Archaeological+Site+of+Olympia&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F517%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Golden (2009), hal. 24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/ancient-olympic-games/chariot-racing">"The all-time greats of the Ancient Olympic Games"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 27 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 Mei</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.atitle=The+all-time+greats+of+the+Ancient+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.date=2021-04-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Fancient-olympic-games%2Fchariot-racing&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Th6.16-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Th6.16_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Thukidides" title="Thukidides">Thucydides</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Perang_Peloponnesos" title="Sejarah Perang Peloponnesos"><i>History of the Peloponnesian War</i>,</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_War/Book_6#6:16" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the Peloponnesian War/Book 6">6.16.2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Crowther, Nigel B. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=whvJtfTSd04C&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;hl=en"><i>Sport in Ancient Times</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Greenwood Publishing Group. hlm.&#160;54. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-275-98739-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-275-98739-8">978-0-275-98739-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Sport+in+Ancient+Times&amp;rft.pages=54&amp;rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-275-98739-8&amp;rft.aulast=Crowther&amp;rft.aufirst=Nigel+B.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwhvJtfTSd04C%26newbks%3D0%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26hl%3Den&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frencholympics-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-frencholympics_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-frencholympics_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepotentiel.com/afficher_supplement.php?id_article=68524&amp;id_supplement=8&amp;id_edition=4405">"Histoire et évolution des Jeux olympiques"</a>. <i>Potentiel</i> (dalam bahasa French). 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Potentiel&amp;rft.atitle=Histoire+et+%C3%A9volution+des+Jeux+olympiques&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lepotentiel.com%2Fafficher_supplement.php%3Fid_article%3D68524%26id_supplement%3D8%26id_edition%3D4405&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Young (2004), hal. 144</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Young-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Young_33-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Young (1996)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Matthews, George R. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WKRUmep515oC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=America&#39;s%20first%20Olympics%3A%20the%20St.%20Louis%20games%20of%201904&amp;pg=PA53#v=onepage&amp;q=liverpool&amp;f=false"><i>America's first Olympics: the St. Louis games of 1904</i></a>. University of Missouri Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8262-1588-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8262-1588-8">978-0-8262-1588-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=America%27s+first+Olympics%3A+the+St.+Louis+games+of+1904&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Missouri+Press&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8262-1588-8&amp;rft.aulast=Matthews&amp;rft.aufirst=George+R.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWKRUmep515oC%26lpg%3DPP1%26dq%3DAmerica%27s%2520first%2520Olympics%253A%2520the%2520St.%2520Louis%2520games%2520of%25201904%26pg%3DPA53%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dliverpool%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ingomar Weiler (2004). <i>The predecessors of the Olympic movement, and Pierre de Coubertin</i> European Review, Vol. 12, No. 3, Cambridge University Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Craig Reedie, Jim Parry, Vassil Girginov (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vxAmyvh0ZsQC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=The%20Olympic%20Games%20Explained%3A%20A%20Student%20Guide%20to%20the%20Evolution%20of%20the%20Modern%20Olympic%20Games%20Routledge&amp;pg=PA38#v=onepage&amp;q=liverpool&amp;f=false"><i>The Olympic Games Explained: A Student Guide to the Evolution of the Modern Olympic Games</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-415-34604-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-415-34604-7">978-0-415-34604-7</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Olympic+Games+Explained%3A+A+Student+Guide+to+the+Evolution+of+the+Modern+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-415-34604-7&amp;rft.au=Craig+Reedie%2C+Jim+Parry%2C+Vassil+Girginov&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvxAmyvh0ZsQC%26lpg%3DPP1%26dq%3DThe%2520Olympic%2520Games%2520Explained%253A%2520A%2520Student%2520Guide%2520to%2520the%2520Evolution%2520of%2520the%2520Modern%2520Olympic%2520Games%2520Routledge%26pg%3DPA38%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dliverpool%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123183803/http://www.wenlock-olympian-society.org.uk/william-penny-brookes/index.shtml">"Much Wenlock &amp; the Olympian Connection"</a>. Wenlock Olympian Society. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wenlock-olympian-society.org.uk/william-penny-brookes/index.shtml">versi asli</a> tanggal 2009-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Much+Wenlock+%26+the+Olympian+Connection&amp;rft.pub=Wenlock+Olympian+Society&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wenlock-olympian-society.org.uk%2Fwilliam-penny-brookes%2Findex.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wenlock-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wenlock_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wenlock_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040823070741/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/07/07/bc.sport.olympics.coubertin/">"Rugby School motivated founder of Games"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. SI.com. 8 July 2004. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/07/07/bc.sport.olympics.coubertin/">versi asli</a> tanggal 2004-08-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Reuters&amp;rft.atitle=Rugby+School+motivated+founder+of+Games&amp;rft.date=2004-07-08&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2F2004%2Folympics%2F2004%2F07%2F07%2Fbc.sport.olympics.coubertin%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coubertin, Philemon, Politis &amp; Anninos (1897), Part 2, hal. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/en/content/Olympic-Games/All-Past-Olympic-Games/Summer/Athens-1896/">"Athens 1896"</a>. The International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Athens+1896&amp;rft.pub=The+International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fen%2Fcontent%2FOlympic-Games%2FAll-Past-Olympic-Games%2FSummer%2FAthens-1896%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Memoire sure le conflit entre la Grece et la Roumanie concernant l'affaire Zappa – Athens 1893, by F. Martens</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L'affaire Zappa – Paris 1894, by G. Streit</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/indonesia/olahraga/2012/03/120309_london2012_olympic_powers_timeline.shtml">BBCIndonesia - Dari masa ke masa: Kekuatan Olimpiade</a> Diakses 5 Juli 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6HZFxKPbE?url=http://proxy.espn.go.com/oly/summer08/fanguide/history?year=1904">"St. Louis 1904 — Overview"</a>. ESPN. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://proxy.espn.go.com/oly/summer08/fanguide/history?year=1904">versi asli</a> tanggal 2013-06-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Canadian Broadcasting Centre. 28 May 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080603133925/http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/history/story/2008/05/05/f-olympics-feature-1906.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-06-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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February 2008. hlm.&#160;1–2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429054311/http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_843.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Roles+and+responsibilities+during+the+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pages=1-2&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.date=2008-02&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_843.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123170335/http://en.beijing2008.cn/news/official/ioc/n214186786.shtml">"For the Good of the Athletes"</a>. The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad. 31 October 2007. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.beijing2008.cn/news/official/ioc/n214186786.shtml">versi asli</a> tanggal 2009-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=For+the+Good+of+the+Athletes&amp;rft.pub=The+Beijing+Organizing+Committee+for+the+Games+of+the+XXIX+Olympiad&amp;rft.date=2007-10-31&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fnews%2Fofficial%2Fioc%2Fn214186786.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olympic Charter (2007), Rule 24, hal. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brundage-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brundage_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maraniss (2008), hal. 52–60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maraniss (2008), hal. 60–69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/story/2001/05/18/ioc010516.html">"Samaranch Defends Nominating Son for IOC Post"</a>. CBC Sports. 18 May 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205190231/http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/story/2001/05/18/ioc010516.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-12-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Samaranch+Defends+Nominating+Son+for+IOC+Post&amp;rft.date=2001-05-18&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Folympics%2Fstory%2F2001%2F05%2F18%2Fioc010516.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Riding, Alan (30 June 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE3DB173FF933A05755C0A964958260">"Olympics:Barcelona Profile; Samaranch, Under the Gun Shoots Back"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Olympics%3ABarcelona+Profile%3B+Samaranch%2C+Under+the+Gun+Shoots+Back&amp;rft.date=1992-06-30&amp;rft.aulast=Riding&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9E0CE3DB173FF933A05755C0A964958260&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Abrahamson, Alan (6 December 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.latimes.com/2003/dec/06/sports/sp-saltlakecity6">"Judge Drops Olympic Bid Case"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Judge+Drops+Olympic+Bid+Case&amp;rft.date=2003-12-06&amp;rft.aulast=Abrahamson&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F2003%2Fdec%2F06%2Fsports%2Fsp-saltlakecity6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buying_the_Games-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Buying_the_Games_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Rowlatt, Justin (29 July 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/3937425.stm">"Buying the Games"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Buying+the+Games&amp;rft.date=2004-07-29&amp;rft.aulast=Rowlatt&amp;rft.aufirst=Justin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Fpanorama%2F3937425.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Zinser, Lynn (7 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/07/sports/othersports/07olympic.html?_r=2&amp;pagewanted=1&amp;oref=slogin">"London Wins 2012 Olympics New York Lags"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=London+Wins+2012+Olympics+New+York+Lags&amp;rft.date=2005-07-07&amp;rft.aulast=Zinser&amp;rft.aufirst=Lynn&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F07%2F07%2Fsports%2Fothersports%2F07olympic.html%3F_r%3D2%26pagewanted%3D1%26oref%3Dslogin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportinglife.com/london2012/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME=others/05/07/06/manual_125524.html">"Paris Mayor Slams London Tactics"</a>. Sportinglife.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120719030910/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-17122866">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Paris+Mayor+Slams+London+Tactics&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportinglife.com%2Flondon2012%2Fnews%2Fstory_get.cgi%3FSTORY_NAME%3Dothers%2F05%2F07%2F06%2Fmanual_125524.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Berkes, Howard (7 February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5195274">"How Turin got the Games"</a>. National Public Radio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=How+Turin+got+the+Games&amp;rft.date=2006-02-07&amp;rft.aulast=Berkes&amp;rft.aufirst=Howard&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D5195274&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chen231-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chen231_89-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chen231_89-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chen231_89-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chen231_89-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chen231_89-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chen231_89-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooper-Chen (2005), hal. 231</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-television-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-television_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-television_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-television_90-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-television_90-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-television_90-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090425100112/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/primer_text2.htm">"Issues of the Olympic Games"</a>. <i>Olympic Primer</i>. LA84 Foundation of Los Angeles. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/primer_text2.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2009-04-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Olympic+Primer&amp;rft.atitle=Issues+of+the+Olympic+Games&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.la84foundation.org%2F6oic%2Fprimer_text2.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mallonci-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mallonci_91-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mallonci_91-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mallonci_91-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Buchanon &amp; Mallon (2006), hal. ci</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pelle209-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pelle209_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pelle209_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Findling &amp; Pelle (2000), hal. 209</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slack194-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-slack194_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Slack (2004), hal. 194</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&amp;OLGY=1936">"Berlin 1936"</a>. International Olympic Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080822100804/http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&amp;OLGY=1936">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-08-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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International Olympic Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080822213008/http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=2&amp;OLGY=1956">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-08-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1984) The television spectacular In A. Tomlinson &amp; G. Whannel (Eds.), Five-ring circus (hal. 30–43). London: Pluto Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tomlinson (2005), hal. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2000/10/27/sports/main244877.shtml">"World Series TV ratings slump"</a>. <i>CBS News</i>. Associated Press. 27 October 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Time Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429222810/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1020472/index.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&amp;rft.atitle=All+fall+down&amp;rft.date=2000-10-02&amp;rft.aulast=Walters&amp;rft.aufirst=Walters&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1020472%2Findex.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ratings-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ratings_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ratings_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Carter, Bill; Sandomir, Richard (17 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/18/sports/olympics/18nbc.html?ref=business">"A Surprise Winner at the Olympic Games in Beijing: NBC"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. NYTimes.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=A+Surprise+Winner+at+the+Olympic+Games+in+Beijing%3A+NBC&amp;rft.date=2008-08-17&amp;rft.aulast=Carter&amp;rft.aufirst=Bill&amp;rft.au=Sandomir%2C+Richard&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F08%2F18%2Fsports%2Folympics%2F18nbc.html%3Fref%3Dbusiness&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Slack (2004), hal. 16–18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slack17-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-slack17_104-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slack17_104-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Slack (2004), hal. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woods (2007), hal. 146</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1960-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1960_106-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Flyvbjerg, Bent and Allison Stewart, 2012, "Olympic Proportions: Cost and Cost Overrun at the Olympics 1960–2012," Working Paper, Saïd Business School, University of Oxford.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rt-sochiexpensive-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rt-sochiexpensive_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">[Most expensive Olympics in history: Sochi 2014 Games to cost over $50 billion "Most expensive Olympics in history: Sochi 2014 Games to cost over $50 billion"]<span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span>. <i>Russia Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Russia+Today&amp;rft.atitle=Most+expensive+Olympics+in+history%3A+Sochi+2014+Games+to+cost+over+%2450+billion&amp;rft_id=Most+expensive+Olympics+in+history%3A+Sochi+2014+Games+to+cost+over+%2450+billion&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian-costliest-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guardian-costliest_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2013/oct/09/sochi-2014-olympics-money-corruption">"Sochi 2014: the costliest Olympics yet but where has all the money gone?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Sochi+2014%3A+the+costliest+Olympics+yet+but+where+has+all+the+money+gone%3F&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2013%2Foct%2F09%2Fsochi-2014-olympics-money-corruption&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2008/jul/28/olympicgames2008.china1">"The cost of the Beijing Olympics"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. July 28, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">June 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=The+cost+of+the+Beijing+Olympics&amp;rft.date=2008-07-28&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fsport%2F2008%2Fjul%2F28%2Folympicgames2008.china1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-olympicsymbols-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-olympicsymbols_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-olympicsymbols_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-olympicsymbols_110-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1303.pdf">"The Olympic Symbols"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5gKlcLlT9?url=http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1303.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Olympic+Symbols&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_1303.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-torch-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-torch_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5gKmh3MNF?url=http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_655.pdf">"The Olympic flame and the torch relay"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Olympic Museum</i>. International Olympic Committee. 2007. hlm.&#160;6. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_655.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Olympic+Museum&amp;rft.atitle=The+Olympic+flame+and+the+torch+relay&amp;rft.pages=6&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_655.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/othersports/article-1279748/Londons-Olympic-2012-mascots-revealed-Wenlock-Mandeville-unveiled-faces-Games.html">"London's Olympic 2012 mascots are revealed: Wenlock and Mandeville unveiled as the 'faces' of the Games"</a>. Daily Mail. 23 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2011-25-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=London%27s+Olympic+2012+mascots+are+revealed%3A+Wenlock+and+Mandeville+unveiled+as+the+%27faces%27+of+the+Games&amp;rft.date=2010-05-23&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fsport%2Fothersports%2Farticle-1279748%2FLondons-Olympic-2012-mascots-revealed-Wenlock-Mandeville-unveiled-faces-Games.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080801083416/http://en.beijing2008.cn/spirit/beijing2008/graphic/n214068254.shtml">"The Official Mascots of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games"</a>. The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.beijing2008.cn/spirit/beijing2008/graphic/n214068254.shtml">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-08-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Official+Mascots+of+the+Beijing+2008+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pub=The+Beijing+Organizing+Committee+for+the+Games+of+the+XXIX+Olympiad&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fspirit%2Fbeijing2008%2Fgraphic%2Fn214068254.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCMascots-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBCMascots_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Farquhar, Gordon (19 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/london_2012/8690467.stm">"London 2012 unveils Games mascots Wenlock &amp; Mandeville"</a>. BBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=London+2012+unveils+Games+mascots+Wenlock+%26+Mandeville&amp;rft.date=2010-05-19&amp;rft.aulast=Farquhar&amp;rft.aufirst=Gordon&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport1%2Fhi%2Folympic_games%2Flondon_2012%2F8690467.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OCFactSheetS-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OCFactSheetS_115-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OCFactSheetS_115-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OCFactSheetS_115-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429094114/http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1134.pdf">"Fact sheet: Opening Ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. 2008. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1134.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2011-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fact+sheet%3A+Opening+Ceremony+of+the+Summer+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_1134.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OCFactSheetW-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OCFactSheetW_116-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OCFactSheetW_116-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OCFactSheetW_116-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1036.pdf">"Fact sheet: Opening Ceremony of the Winter Olympic Games"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5gKi2qxLe?url=http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1036.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fact+sheet%3A+Opening+Ceremony+of+the+Winter+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_1036.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OCprotocol1-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OCprotocol1_117-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OCprotocol1_117-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_668.pdf#pages=5">"The development of the Games – Between festival and tradition"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_668.pdf"><i>The Modern Olympic Games</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. hlm.&#160;5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5gKnXMghS?url=http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_668.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=The+development+of+the+Games+%E2%80%93+Between+festival+and+tradition&amp;rft.btitle=The+Modern+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_668.pdf%23pages%3D5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/story/2008/08/07/olympics-ceremonies.html">"Beijing Dazzles: Chinese History, on Parade as Olympics Begin"</a>. Canadian Broadcasting Centre. 8 August 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080810214030/http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/story/2008/08/07/olympics-ceremonies.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-08-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Beijing+Dazzles%3A+Chinese+History%2C+on+Parade+as+Olympics+Begin&amp;rft.date=2008-08-08&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Folympics%2Fstory%2F2008%2F08%2F07%2Folympics-ceremonies.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-closing-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-closing_119-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-closing_119-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-closing_119-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndtv.com/olympics/storypage.aspx?storyid=SPOEN20080062750">"Olympic Closing Ceremony Protocol"</a>. New Dehli Television. 30 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Olympic+Closing+Ceremony+Protocol&amp;rft.pub=New+Dehli+Television&amp;rft.date=2008-08-30&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Folympics%2Fstorypage.aspx%3Fstoryid%3DSPOEN20080062750&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5gKmkOYeD?url=http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_268.pdf">"Closing Ceremony"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. 31 January 2002. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_268.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Closing+Ceremony&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.date=2002-01-31&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_268.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vancouver2010.com/en/news/feature-stories/-/38344/32574/w6rlej/the-olympic-flags-and-emblem.html">"The Olympic Flags and Emblem"</a>. The Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090426042147/http://www.vancouver2010.com/en/news/feature-stories/-/38344/32574/w6rlej/the-olympic-flags-and-emblem.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Olympic+Flags+and+Emblem&amp;rft.pub=The+Vancouver+Organizing+Committee+for+the+2010+Olympic+and+Paralympic+Winter+Games&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vancouver2010.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Ffeature-stories%2F-%2F38344%2F32574%2Fw6rlej%2Fthe-olympic-flags-and-emblem.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://original.britannica.com/eb/article-249556/Olympic-Games">"Olympic Games – the Medal Ceremonies"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(registration required)</span>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Olympic+Games+%E2%80%93+the+Medal+Ceremonies&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foriginal.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-249556%2FOlympic-Games&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-otraditions-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-otraditions_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usatoday.com/olympics/owg98/osytr03.htm">"Symbols and Traditions"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. 12 July 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=USA+Today&amp;rft.atitle=Symbols+and+Traditions&amp;rft.date=1999-07-12&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Folympics%2Fowg98%2Fosytr03.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.sina.com/china/p/1/2008/0718/172118.html">"Medal Ceremony Hostess Outfits Revealed"</a>. <i>China Daily</i>. 18 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=China+Daily&amp;rft.atitle=Medal+Ceremony+Hostess+Outfits+Revealed&amp;rft.date=2008-07-18&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.sina.com%2Fchina%2Fp%2F1%2F2008%2F0718%2F172118.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090226194816/http://en.beijing2008.cn/sports/wrestling/">"Wrestling"</a>. The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.beijing2008.cn/sports/wrestling/">versi asli</a> tanggal 2009-02-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Wrestling&amp;rft.pub=The+Beijing+Organizing+Committee+for+the+Games+of+the+XXIX+Olympiad&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fsports%2Fwrestling%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sports-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sports_126-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sports_126-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olympic.org/uk/sports/index_uk.asp">"Sports"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sports&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Folympic.org%2Fuk%2Fsports%2Findex_uk.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/past/index_uk.asp">"Olympic Sports of the Past"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Olympic+Sports+of+the+Past&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fuk%2Fsports%2Fpast%2Findex_uk.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/uk/organisation/if/index_uk.asp">"International Sports Federations"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=International+Sports+Federations&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fuk%2Forganisation%2Fif%2Findex_uk.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olympic Charter (2007), hal. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-recognizedsports-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-recognizedsports_130-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/recognized/index_uk.asp">"Recognised Sports"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Recognised+Sports&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fuk%2Fsports%2Frecognized%2Findex_uk.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-factsheetsports-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-factsheetsports_131-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-factsheetsports_131-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1135.pdf">"Factsheet: The sports on the Olympic programme"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5gKml7Xpv?url=http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_1135.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Factsheet%3A+The+sports+on+the+Olympic+programme&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_1135.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newosports-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newosports_132-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/news/story?id=4545111">"Golf, rugby added for 2016 and 2020"</a>. ESPN.com. Associated Press. 09–10–09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 09–10–09</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Golf%2C+rugby+added+for+2016+and+2020&amp;rft.chron=09%E2%80%9310%E2%80%9309&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsports.espn.go.com%2Foly%2Fnews%2Fstory%3Fid%3D4545111&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;accessdate=, &#124;date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boycott_1-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boycott_1_133-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boycott_1_133-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boycott_1_133-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/melbourne-stockholm-1956-summer-olympics">"Melbourne/Stockholm 1956"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Melbourne%2FStockholm+1956&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fmelbourne-stockholm-1956-summer-olympics&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Krüger, Arnd (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=s5ntIQv0W5IC&amp;lpg=PA230&amp;dq=1936%20olympics%20%22irish%20free%20state%22&amp;pg=PA230#v=onepage&amp;q=1936%20olympics%20%22irish%20free%20state%22"><i>The Nazi Olympics: sport, politics and appeasement in the 1930s</i></a>. University of Illinois Press. hlm.&#160;230. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-252-02815-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-252-02815-5">0-252-02815-5</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Nazi+Olympics%3A+sport%2C+politics+and+appeasement+in+the+1930s&amp;rft.pages=230&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=0-252-02815-5&amp;rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&amp;rft.aufirst=Arnd&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Ds5ntIQv0W5IC%26lpg%3DPA230%26dq%3D1936%2520olympics%2520%2522irish%2520free%2520state%2522%26pg%3DPA230%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D1936%2520olympics%2520%2522irish%2520free%2520state%2522&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBC_boycott-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBC_boycott_135-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBC_boycott_135-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/history/story/2008/05/09/f-olympics-history-1976.html">"African nations boycott costly Montreal Games"</a>. CBC Sports. 30 July 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080603015923/http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/history/story/2008/05/09/f-olympics-history-1976.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-06-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=African+nations+boycott+costly+Montreal+Games&amp;rft.date=2008-07-30&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Folympics%2Fhistory%2Fstory%2F2008%2F05%2F09%2Ff-olympics-history-1976.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1976/ore109/ore109h.pdf">Africa and the XXIst Olympiad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080408184445/http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1976/ore109/ore109h.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-04-08 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Diakses 5 Februari 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325013854/http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1976/ore107/ore107i.pdf">"Game playing in Montreal"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Olympic Review</i>. International Olympic Committee (107–108): 461–462. 1976. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1976/ore107/ore107i.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2009-03-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Olympic+Review&amp;rft.atitle=Game+playing+in+Montreal&amp;rft.issue=107%E2%80%93108&amp;rft.pages=461-462&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.la84foundation.org%2FOlympicInformationCenter%2FOlympicReview%2F1976%2Fore107%2Fore107i.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-corbit-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-corbit_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080531233555/http://www.chinaorbit.com/2008-olympics-china/olympic-games-history.html">"China-Olympic History"</a>. Chinaorbit.com. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinaorbit.com/2008-olympics-china/olympic-games-history.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-05-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=China-Olympic+History&amp;rft.pub=Chinaorbit.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinaorbit.com%2F2008-olympics-china%2Folympic-games-history.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/moscow-1980-summer-olympics">"Moscow 1980"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Moscow+1980&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fmoscow-1980-summer-olympics&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Burns, John F. (9 May 1984). "Protests are Issue: Russians Charge 'Gross Flouting' of the Ideals of the Competition". <i>New York Times</i>. New York Times Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Protests+are+Issue%3A+Russians+Charge+%27Gross+Flouting%27+of+the+Ideals+of+the+Competition&amp;rft.date=1984-05-09&amp;rft.aulast=Burns&amp;rft.aufirst=John+F.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1980_Boycott-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1980_Boycott_141-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,3524906,00.html">"Moscow 1980:Cold War, Cold Shoulder"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. DW-World.DE. 31 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&amp;rft.atitle=Moscow+1980%3ACold+War%2C+Cold+Shoulder&amp;rft.date=2008-07-31&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw-world.de%2Fdw%2Farticle%2F0%2C2144%2C3524906%2C00.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1980_Boycott_2-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1980_Boycott_2_142-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/los-angeles-1984-summer-olympics">"Los Angeles 1984"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=41699">Australia: Calls to Boycott Beijing Olympics versi asli</a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span> tanggal 2008-09-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Inter+Press+Service&amp;rft.atitle=Australia%3A+Calls+to+Boycott+Beijing+Olympics&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fipsnews.net%2Fnews.asp%3Fidnews%3D41699+Australia%3A+Calls+to+Boycott+Beijing+Olympics&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EUTibet-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EUTibet_144-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Diplomats_visit_Tibet_as_EU_split_on_Olympic_opening_boycott_/articleshow/2908958.cms">"Diplomats Visit Tibet as EU Split on Olympic Opening Boycott"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>. 29 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Diplomats+Visit+Tibet+as+EU+Split+on+Olympic+Opening+Boycott&amp;rft.date=2008-03-29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2FNews%2FPoliticsNation%2FDiplomats_visit_Tibet_as_EU_split_on_Olympic_opening_boycott_%2Farticleshow%2F2908958.cms&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110127092759/http://www.csmonitor.com/2008/0711/p06s01-woeu.html">Putin Faces Green Olympic Challenge: The Sochi 2014 Winter Games are threatened by a looming international boycott, environmental concerns, and public protests against local development</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Science_Monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Science Monitor">Christian Science Monitor</a></i>, Retrieved 18 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Bernas, Frederick (5 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/dec/05/winter-olympics-sochi-russia">"Olympic challenge for Sochi Games"</a>. London: The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Olympic+challenge+for+Sochi+Games&amp;rft.date=2009-12-05&amp;rft.aulast=Bernas&amp;rft.aufirst=Frederick&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fcommentisfree%2F2009%2Fdec%2F05%2Fwinter-olympics-sochi-russia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/news/story?id=6167220">"2012 London logo draws ire of Iran"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 28 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=ESPN&amp;rft.atitle=2012+London+logo+draws+ire+of+Iran&amp;rft.date=2011-02-28&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsports.espn.go.com%2Foly%2Fnews%2Fstory%3Fid%3D6167220&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12724166">"London Olympics: Iran to compete despite logo complaint"</a>, BBC, 12 March 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Findling &amp; Pelle (2004) hal. 107</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Findling &amp; Pelle (2004) hal. 111–112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GSE-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GSE_151-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">"Spartakiads". <i>Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya</i>. Vol. 24 (part 1). Moscow. 1976. hlm.&#160;286.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Spartakiads&amp;rft.btitle=Sovetskaya+Entsiklopediya&amp;rft.place=Moscow&amp;rft.pages=286&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lebih dari satu parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;encyclopedia=</code> dan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;work=</code> yang digunakan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#redundant_parameters" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roche (2000), hal. 106</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116214930/http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1974/ore84/ore84k.pdf">"The USSR and Olympism"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Olympic Review</i>. <a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Komite Olimpiade Internasional</a> (84): 530–557. 1974. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1974/ore84/ore84k.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2013-01-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Olympic+Review&amp;rft.atitle=The+USSR+and+Olympism&amp;rft.issue=84&amp;rft.pages=530-557&amp;rft.date=1974&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.la84foundation.org%2FOlympicInformationCenter%2FOlympicReview%2F1974%2Fore84%2Fore84k.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Black_Salute-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Black_Salute_154-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/17/newsid_3535000/3535348.stm">"1968: Black athletes make silent protest"</a>. BBC. 17 October 1968<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=1968%3A+Black+athletes+make+silent+protest&amp;rft.date=1968-10-17&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Foctober%2F17%2Fnewsid_3535000%2F3535348.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325034627/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/5942871/">"Iranian Judoka rewarded after snubbing Israeli"</a>. NBC Sports. Associated Press. 8 September 2004. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/hi/tom-hicks-1.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-12-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wada-ama.org/en/About-WADA/History/A-Brief-History-of-Anti-Doping/">versi asli</a> tanggal 2011-08-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Anti-Doping&amp;rft.pub=World+Anti-Doping+Agency&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wada-ama.org%2Fen%2FAbout-WADA%2FHistory%2FA-Brief-History-of-Anti-Doping%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Begley, Sharon (7 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/id/86079/output/print">"The Drug Charade"</a>. <i>Newsweek</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Newsweek&amp;rft.atitle=The+Drug+Charade&amp;rft.date=2008-01-07&amp;rft.aulast=Begley&amp;rft.aufirst=Sharon&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fid%2F86079%2Foutput%2Fprint&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Porterfield (2008), hal. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Magnay, Jacquelin (18 April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/04/17/1050172709693.html">"Carl Lewis's positive test covered up"</a>. <i>The Sydney Morning Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&amp;rft.atitle=Carl+Lewis%27s+positive+test+covered+up&amp;rft.date=2003-04-18&amp;rft.aulast=Magnay&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacquelin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Farticles%2F2003%2F04%2F17%2F1050172709693.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Coile, Zachary (27 April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/04/27/MNGMICG0SS1.DTL">"Bill Seeks to Toughen Drug Testing in Pro Sports"</a>. <i>The San Francisco Chronicle</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+San+Francisco+Chronicle&amp;rft.atitle=Bill+Seeks+to+Toughen+Drug+Testing+in+Pro+Sports&amp;rft.date=2005-04-27&amp;rft.aulast=Coile&amp;rft.aufirst=Zachary&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Farticle.cgi%3Ffile%3D%2Fc%2Fa%2F2005%2F04%2F27%2FMNGMICG0SS1.DTL&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081201114743/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Doping-3667-athletes-tested-IOC-seeks-action-against-Halkias-coach/350677/">"Doping: 3667 athletes tested, IOC seeks action against Halkia's coach"</a>. Express India Newspapers. 19 August 2008. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Doping-3667-athletes-tested-IOC-seeks-action-against-Halkias-coach/350677/">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Doping%3A+3667+athletes+tested%2C+IOC+seeks+action+against+Halkia%27s+coach&amp;rft.pub=Express+India+Newspapers&amp;rft.date=2008-08-19&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressindia.com%2Flatest-news%2FDoping-3667-athletes-tested-IOC-seeks-action-against-Halkias-coach%2F350677%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes.com-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes.com_163-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/19/opinion/19iht-edahmed.3.13017836.html">"Bar countries that ban women athletes"</a>, Ali Al-Ahmed, <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>, 19 May 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henderson, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denverpost.com/sports/ci_14481174">"Iranian Olympic skier Kalhor a pioneer"</a>, <i>Denver Post</i>, 27 February 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/olympics/news/2000/09/23/anderson_arab_women/">"Arab women make breakthrough at Games"</a>, CNN, 23 September 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3826673.stm">"Afghan women's Olympic dream"</a>, BBC, 22 June 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Wallechinsky, David (29 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-wallechinsky/should-saudi-arabia-be-ba_b_115736.html">"Should Saudi Arabia be Banned from the Olympics?"</a>. <i>Huffington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Should+Saudi+Arabia+be+Banned+from+the+Olympics%3F&amp;rft.date=2008-07-29&amp;rft.aulast=Wallechinsky&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fdavid-wallechinsky%2Fshould-saudi-arabia-be-ba_b_115736.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insidethegames.biz/summer-olympics/2012/9939-qatar-set-to-bow-to-ioc-pressure-and-send-women-to-london-2012">"Qatar decision to send female athletes to London 2012 increases pressure on Saudi Arabia"</a>, Inside the Games, 1 July 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-independent.co.uk-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-independent.co.uk_169-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/others/inside-lines-protests-at-2012-if-saudis-say-no-girls-allowed-2017852.html">"Inside Lines: Protests at 2012 if Saudis say 'no girls allowed'"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>, 4 July 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2012/06/25/sport/saudia-arabia-olympic-women/index.html?on.cnn=1">"Saudi Arabia to let women compete in Olympics for first time"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+to+let+women+compete+in+Olympics+for+first+time&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2012%2F06%2F25%2Fsport%2Fsaudia-arabia-olympic-women%2Findex.html%3Fon.cnn%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18813543">"London 2012 Olympics: Saudi Arabian women to compete"</a>, BBC, 12 July 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2012/olympics/2012/07/12/saudi-arabia-women-london-olympics.ap/index.html">"Saudis to send 2 women to London, make history"</a>. SI.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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MSNBC. Associated Press. 7 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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CNN. 10 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Olympic+Shooters+Hug+as+their+Countries+do+Battle&amp;rft.date=2008-08-10&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2008%2FWORLD%2Fasiapcf%2F08%2F10%2Folympic.embrace%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6BTFxRndK?url=http://www.cbc.ca/archives/">"Olympic archive"</a>. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 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Olympic Games<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=St+Louis+1904&amp;rft.pub=Olympic+Games&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fst-louis-1904-summer-olympics&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_668.pdf">"The Modern Olympic Games"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. The Olympic Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=RECORDS+AND+MEDALS+GAMES+OF+THE+OLYMPIAD&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2FDocuments%2FReference_documents_Factsheets%2FRecords_and_medals_at_the_Games_Olympiad.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Munro, James (25 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/london_2012/7579901.stm">"Britain may aim for third in 2012"</a>. BBC Sport<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Britain+may+aim+for+third+in+2012&amp;rft.date=2008-08-25&amp;rft.aulast=Munro&amp;rft.aufirst=James&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport1%2Fhi%2Folympics%2Flondon_2012%2F7579901.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/united-states-of-america">"United States of America"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=United+States+of+America&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Funited-states-of-america&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/Sovyet-Union">"Sovyet Union on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Sovyet+Union+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2FSovyet-Union&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/germany">"Germany"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Germany&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fgermany&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/great-britain">"Great Britain"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Great+Britain&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fgreat-britain&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/France">"France on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=France+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2FFrance&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/italy">"Italy"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Italy&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fitaly&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/china">"China on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=China+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fchina&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/Swedia">"Swedia on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Swedia+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2FSwedia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/Russia">"Russia on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Russia+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2FRussia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/East-Germany">"East Germany on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=East+Germany+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2FEast-Germany&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indonesia-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indonesia_194-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/indonesia">"Indonesia on Olympics"</a>. olympic.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Indonesia+on+Olympics&amp;rft.pub=olympic.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Findonesia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bidpro-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bidpro_195-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidpro_195-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidpro_195-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bidpro_195-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723070003/http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_122.pdf">"Olympic Charter"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. International Olympic Committee. hlm.&#160;72–75. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_122.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2011-07-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Olympic+Charter&amp;rft.pages=72-75&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmultimedia.olympic.org%2Fpdf%2Fen_report_122.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hostcity-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hostcity_196-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hostcity_196-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hostcity_196-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org/uk/organisation/missions/cities_uk.asp">"Choice of the host city"</a>. International Olympic Committee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Choice+of+the+host+city&amp;rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fuk%2Forganisation%2Fmissions%2Fcities_uk.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/428005/Olympic-Games/249563/Athens-Greece-1906#ref=ref858167">"Olympic Games"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(registration required)</span>. Encyclopædia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Olympic+Games&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F428005%2FOlympic-Games%2F249563%2FAthens-Greece-1906%23ref%3Dref858167&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olahraga.kompasiana.com/sport/2012/07/27/daftar-atlet-indonesia-di-olimpiade-london-2012/">Daftar Atlet Indonesia di Olimpiade London 2012</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120730003758/http://olahraga.kompasiana.com/sport/2012/07/27/daftar-atlet-indonesia-di-olimpiade-london-2012">Diarsipkan</a> 2012-07-30 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Kompasiana. Diakses 28 Juli 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olahraga.kompas.com/read/2012/07/08/1844584/21.Atlet.Indonesia.Berangkat.ke.Olimpiade.London">21 Atlet Indonesia Berangkat ke Olimpiade London</a> Kompas.com. Diakses 5 Juli 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/indonesia/olahraga/2012/07/120705_Olimpiadeindonesia.shtml">Indonesia kirim 21 atlet ke Olimpiade London</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120708032543/http://www.bbc.co.uk/indonesia/olahraga/2012/07/120705_Olimpiadeindonesia.shtml">Diarsipkan</a> 2012-07-08 di <a href="/wiki/Archive.is" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.is">Archive.is</a> BBC Indonesia. Diakses 5 Juli 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Nurrahman, Yocta (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.tempo.co/read/news/2016/07/27/103791040/kontingen-olimpiade-indonesia-bertolak-ke-brasil-hari-ini">"Kontingen Olimpiade Indonesia Bertolak ke Brasil Hari Ini"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tempo.co" title="Tempo.co">Tempo.co</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2016-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Tempo.co&amp;rft.atitle=Kontingen+Olimpiade+Indonesia+Bertolak+ke+Brasil+Hari+Ini&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.tempo.co%2Fread%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2F27%2F103791040%2Fkontingen-olimpiade-indonesia-bertolak-ke-brasil-hari-ini&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Bola.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bola.com/olimpiade-rio/read/2582714/klasemen-akhir-olimpiade-as-juara-indonesia-peringkat-46">"Klasemen Akhir Olimpiade: AS Juara, Indonesia Peringkat 46"</a>. <i>bola.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2017-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=bola.com&amp;rft.atitle=Klasemen+Akhir+Olimpiade%3A+AS+Juara%2C+Indonesia+Peringkat+46&amp;rft.au=Bola.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bola.com%2Folimpiade-rio%2Fread%2F2582714%2Fklasemen-akhir-olimpiade-as-juara-indonesia-peringkat-46&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21093234">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Buchanan, Ian (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio00buch_0"><i>Historical dictionary of the Olympic movement</i></a>. Lanham: Scarecrow Presz. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8108-4054-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8108-4054-6">978-0-8108-4054-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+the+Olympic+movement&amp;rft.place=Lanham&amp;rft.pub=Scarecrow+Presz&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8108-4054-6&amp;rft.aulast=Buchanan&amp;rft.aufirst=Ian&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricaldictio00buch_0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert, Walter</a> (1983). "Pelops at Olympia". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/homonecansanthro0000burk"><i>Homo Necans</i></a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-520-05875-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-520-05875-5">0-520-05875-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Pelops+at+Olympia&amp;rft.btitle=Homo+Necans&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&amp;rft.date=1983&amp;rft.isbn=0-520-05875-5&amp;rft.aulast=Burkert&amp;rft.aufirst=Walter&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhomonecansanthro0000burk&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Kamper, Erich (1992). <i>The Golden Book of the Olympic Games</i>. Milan: Vallardi &amp; Associati. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-88-85202-35-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-88-85202-35-1">978-88-85202-35-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Golden+Book+of+the+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.place=Milan&amp;rft.pub=Vallardi+%26+Associati&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.isbn=978-88-85202-35-1&amp;rft.aulast=Kamper&amp;rft.aufirst=Erich&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Preuss, Holger (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/economicsofstagi0000preu"><i>The Economics of Staging the Olympics: A Comparison of the Games 1972–2008</i></a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-84376-893-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-84376-893-7">978-1-84376-893-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Economics+of+Staging+the+Olympics%3A+A+Comparison+of+the+Games+1972%E2%80%932008&amp;rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-84376-893-7&amp;rft.aulast=Preuss&amp;rft.aufirst=Holger&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feconomicsofstagi0000preu&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Simson, Vyv (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dishonoredgamesc0000sims"><i>Dishonored Games: Corruption, Money, and Greed at the Olympics</i></a>. New York: S.hal.I. Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-56171-199-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-56171-199-4">978-1-56171-199-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dishonored+Games%3A+Corruption%2C+Money%2C+and+Greed+at+the+Olympics&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=S.hal.I.+Books&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-56171-199-4&amp;rft.aulast=Simson&amp;rft.aufirst=Vyv&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdishonoredgamesc0000sims&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;coauthors=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;author=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Swaddling, Judith (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ancientolympicga00swad/page/8/mode/2up?view=theater&amp;q=zeus+sanctuary"><i>The ancient Olympic games</i></a>. Austin: University of Texas Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-292-77751-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-292-77751-4">978-0-292-77751-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+ancient+Olympic+games&amp;rft.place=Austin&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-292-77751-4&amp;rft.aulast=Swaddling&amp;rft.aufirst=Judith&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fancientolympicga00swad%2Fpage%2F8%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater%26q%3Dzeus%2Bsanctuary&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;edisi=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Wallechinsky, David (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completebookof00wall"><i>The Complete Book of the Summer Olympics, Athens 2004 Edition</i></a>. SportClassic Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-894963-32-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-894963-32-9">978-1-894963-32-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Complete+Book+of+the+Summer+Olympics%2C+Athens+2004+Edition&amp;rft.pub=SportClassic+Books&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-894963-32-9&amp;rft.aulast=Wallechinsky&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompletebookof00wall&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Wallechinsky, David (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completebookofwi0000wall_2006"><i>The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics, Turin 2006 Edition</i></a>. SportClassic Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-894963-45-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-894963-45-9">978-1-894963-45-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Complete+Book+of+the+Winter+Olympics%2C+Turin+2006+Edition&amp;rft.pub=SportClassic+Books&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-894963-45-9&amp;rft.aulast=Wallechinsky&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompletebookofwi0000wall_2006&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Young, David C. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gMuuQZubxDIC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=The+Beginnings%22.+A+Brief+History+of+the+Olympic+Games.&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi_zMTGrtbwAhU0huYKHTjwBgkQ6AEwAHoECAQQAg#v=onepage&amp;q=The%20Beginnings%22.%20A%20Brief%20History%20of%20the%20Olympic%20Games.&amp;f=false"><i>A Brief History of the Olympic Games</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Malden: Blackswell Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-470-77775-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-470-77775-6">978-0-470-77775-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+Olympic+Games&amp;rft.place=Malden&amp;rft.pub=Blackswell+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-470-77775-6&amp;rft.aulast=Young&amp;rft.aufirst=David+C.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.id%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgMuuQZubxDIC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26dq%3DThe%2BBeginnings%2522.%2BA%2BBrief%2BHistory%2Bof%2Bthe%2BOlympic%2BGames.%26hl%3Den%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwi_zMTGrtbwAhU0huYKHTjwBgkQ6AEwAHoECAQQAg%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DThe%2520Beginnings%2522.%2520A%2520Brief%2520History%2520of%2520the%2520Olympic%2520Games.%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AOlimpiade" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-redirect" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: <i><b><a href="https://id.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Olimpiade" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Olimpiade">Olimpiade</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games" class="extiw" title="commons:Olympic Games"><b><i>Olympic Games</i></b></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.org">Situs resmi Gerakan Olimpiade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympic.or.id">Situs resmi Komite Olimpiade Indonesia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110512223230/http://www.olympic.or.id/">Diarsipkan</a> 2011-05-12 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2008/08/04/sports/olympics/20080804_MEDALCOUNT_MAhal.html">Olimpiade di New York Times</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dicolympic.com/?s=&amp;l=en">Dicolympic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080929095743/http://www.dicolympic.com/?s=&amp;l=en">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-09-29 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. – Kamus Olimpiade</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olympicgameswinners.com/">Buku-buku referensi tentang Olimpiade</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olimpiade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #BFD7FF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Olimpiade" title="Templat:Olimpiade"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Olimpiade" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Olimpiade"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Olimpiade&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olimpiade" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olimpiade</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #D5E6FF"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas">Olimpiade<br />Musim Panas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="column-count:4; column-gap:10px; -moz-column-count:4; -moz-column-gap:10px; -webkit-column-count:4; -webkit-column-gap:10px;" align="left"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1896" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1896">Athena 1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1900" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1900">Paris 1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1904" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1904">St. Louis 1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1908" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1908">London 1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1912" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1912">Stockholm 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1916" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1916"><span style="color:gray">1916</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1920" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1920">Antwerpen 1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1924" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1924">Paris 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1928" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1928">Amsterdam 1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1932" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1932">Los Angeles 1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1936" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1936">Berlin 1936</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1940&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1940 (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color:gray">1940</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1944&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1944 (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color:gray">1944</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1948" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1948">London 1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1952" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1952">Helsinki 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1956" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1956">Melbourne 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1960" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1960">Roma 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1964" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1964">Tokyo 1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1968" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1968">Kota Meksiko 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1972" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1972">München 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1976" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1976">Montreal 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1980" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1980">Moskwa 1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1984" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1984">Los Angeles 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1988" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1988">Seoul 1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1992" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1992">Barcelona 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_1996" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 1996">Atlanta 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2000" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2000">Sydney 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2004" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2004">Athena 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2008" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2008">Beijing 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2012" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2012">London 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2016" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2016">Rio de Janeiro 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2020" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2020">Tokyo 2020</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2024" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2024">Paris 2024</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2028" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2028">Los Angeles 2028</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2032" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2032">Brisbane 2032</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Panas_2036" title="Olimpiade Musim Panas 2036">2036</a></i></li> <li>&#160;</li> <li>&#160;</li> <li>&#160;</li> <li>&#160;</li></ul> </div> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cincin Olimpiade"><img alt="Cincin Olimpiade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/100px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/150px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/200px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #D5E6FF"><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin">Olimpiade<br />Musim Dingin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="column-count:4; column-gap:10px; -moz-column-count:4; -moz-column-gap:10px; -webkit-column-count:4; -webkit-column-gap:10px;" align="left"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1924" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1924">Chamonix 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1928" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1928">St. Moritz 1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1932" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1932">Lake Placid 1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1936" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1936">Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1940" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1940"><span style="color:gray">1940</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1944&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1944 (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color:gray">1944</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1948" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1948">St. Moritz 1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1952" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1952">Oslo 1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1956" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1956">Cortina d'Ampezzo 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1960" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1960">Squaw Valley 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1964" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1964">Innsbruck 1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1968" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1968">Grenoble 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1972" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1972">Sapporo 1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1976" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1976">Innsbruck 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1980" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1980">Lake Placid 1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1984" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1984">Sarajevo 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1988" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1988">Calgary 1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1992" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1992">Albertville 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1994" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1994">Lillehammer 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_1998" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 1998">Nagano 1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2002" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002">Kota Salt Lake 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2006" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2006">Turin 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2010" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2010">Vancouver 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2014" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2014">Sochi 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2018" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2018">Pyeongchang 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2022" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022">Beijing 2022</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin_2026" title="Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2026">Milan-Cortina 2026</a></i></li></ul> </div> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #D5E6FF">Artikel terkait</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upacara_Olimpiade" title="Upacara Olimpiade">Upacara</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_tokoh_yang_membuka_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar tokoh yang membuka Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Tokoh yang membuka Olimpiade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_tokoh_yang_menyimpan_bendera_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar tokoh yang menyimpan bendera Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Penjaga bendera Olimpiade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piagam_Olimpiade" title="Piagam Olimpiade">Piagam</a></li> <li>Negara peserta <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_peserta_Olimpiade_Musim_Panas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar negara peserta Olimpiade Musim Panas (halaman belum tersedia)">Olimpiade Musim Panas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_peserta_Olimpiade_Musim_Dingin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar negara peserta Olimpiade Musim Dingin (halaman belum tersedia)">Olimpiade Musim Dingin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_kota_tuan_rumah_penyelenggara_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar kota tuan rumah penyelenggara Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Kota tuan rumah penyelenggara</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penawaran_tuan_rumah_penyelenggara_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Penawaran tuan rumah penyelenggara Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Penawaran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_lokasi_pertandingan_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar lokasi pertandingan Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Lokasi pertandingan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Internasional">KOI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Komite_Olimpiade_Nasional" title="Komite Olimpiade Nasional">KON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kode_negara_Komite_Olimpiade_Internasional" title="Daftar kode negara Komite Olimpiade Internasional">Kode negara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medali_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Medali Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Medali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klasemen_medali_Olimpiade_sepanjang_masa" title="Klasemen medali Olimpiade sepanjang masa">Klasemen medali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_tim_Olimpiade_berdasarkan_medali_yang_dimenangkan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar tim Olimpiade berdasarkan medali yang dimenangkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Klasemen medali per tahun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_peraih_medali_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar peraih medali Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Peraih medali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_hasil_imbang_dalam_perebutan_medali_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar hasil imbang dalam perebutan medali Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Hasil imbang dalam perebutan medali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijazah_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ijazah Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Ijazah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_skandal_dan_kontroversi_dalam_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar skandal dan kontroversi dalam Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Skandal dan kontroversi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_kolonialisme_dengan_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubungan kolonialisme dengan Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolonialisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doping_dalam_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Doping dalam Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Doping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olahraga_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olahraga Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Olahraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simbol_Olimpiade" title="Simbol Olimpiade">Simbol</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_estafet_obor_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar estafet obor Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Estafet obor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medali_Pierre_de_Coubertin" title="Medali Pierre de Coubertin">Medali Pierre de Coubertin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partisipasi_wanita_dalam_Olimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Partisipasi wanita dalam Olimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Wanita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kematian_terkait_Olimpiade_dan_Paralimpiade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kematian terkait Olimpiade dan Paralimpiade (halaman belum tersedia)">Kematian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_atlet_Olimpiade_yang_meninggal_dunia_dalam_Perang_Dunia_I&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar atlet Olimpiade yang meninggal dunia dalam Perang Dunia I (halaman belum tersedia)">PD I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_atlet_Olimpiade_yang_meninggal_dunia_dalam_Perang_Dunia_II&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar atlet Olimpiade yang meninggal dunia dalam Perang Dunia II (halaman belum tersedia)">PD II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade_dalam_permainan_video&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olimpiade dalam permainan video (halaman belum tersedia)">Permainan video</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insentif_untuk_peraih_medali_Olimpiade_menurut_negara&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Insentif untuk peraih medali Olimpiade menurut negara (halaman belum tersedia)">Insentif untuk peraih medali</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background: #D5E6FF"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Kuno" title="Olimpiade Kuno">Olimpiade Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiade_Interkala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Olimpiade Interkala (halaman belum tersedia)">Olimpiade Interkala</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olimpiade_Interkala_1906" title="Olimpiade Interkala 1906">1906</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralimpiade" title="Paralimpiade">Paralimpiade</a></li> 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