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</div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" 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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ba.wikipedia.org&uselang=ba" class=""><span>Иғәнә</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ" class=""><span>Теркәлеү</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Танылыу</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Күберәк мөмкинлектәр" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Шәхси ҡоралдар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="Ҡатнашыусы менюһы" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ba.wikipedia.org&uselang=ba"><span>Иғәнә</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Индергән өлөш</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Теркәлеү</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Танылыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Танылмаған мөхәррирҙәр өсөн бит <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" aria-label="Мөхәррирләү тураһында ентеклерәк"><span>Күберәк белергә</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%98%D2%A3%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="IP-адресығыҙ өсөн фекер алышыу бите [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Фекер алышыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eйәшерергә\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ba\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Йөкмәткеһе</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Башы</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Химик_составы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Химик_составы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Химик составы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Химик_составы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Физик_үҙенсәлектәре" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Физик_үҙенсәлектәре"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Физик үҙенсәлектәре</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Физик_үҙенсәлектәре-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Һауа_фәлсәфәлә" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Һауа_фәлсәфәлә"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Һауа фәлсәфәлә</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Һауа_фәлсәфәлә-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Иҫкәрмәләр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Иҫкәрмәләр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Һылтанмалар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Һылтанмалар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Һылтанмалар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Һылтанмалар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Һауа</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Икенсе телдәге мәҡәләгә күсегеҙ. 113 телдә уҡырға була" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-113" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">113 тел</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aire" title="Aire — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Aire" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="هواء — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هواء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aire" title="Aire — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aire" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hava" title="Hava — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hava" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="هاوا — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هاوا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufd" title="Lufd — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Lufd" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uors" title="Uors — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Uors" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Паветра — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паветра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Паветра — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паветра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udara" title="Udara — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Udara" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" title="Въздух — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Въздух" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aer" title="Aer — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aer" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zrak" title="Zrak — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zrak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aire" title="Aire — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aire" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%ADng-k%C3%A9" title="Kŭng-ké — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kŭng-ké" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangin" title="Hangin — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hangin" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ھەوا — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەوا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzduch" title="Vzduch — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vzduch" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88" title="Сывлăш — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сывлăш" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Αέρας — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αέρας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aero" title="Aero — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aire" title="Aire — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aire" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%95hk" title="Õhk — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Õhk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aire" title="Aire — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aire" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airi" title="Airi — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Airi" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilma" title="Ilma — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%95hk" title="Õhk — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Õhk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cegu" title="Cegu — фиджи" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Cegu" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loft" title="Loft — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Loft" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucht" title="Lucht — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lucht" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhair" title="Adhair — гэльский" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Adhair" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэльский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar_(atmosf%C3%A9rico)" title="Ar (atmosférico) — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ar (atmosférico)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapytu" title="Arapytu — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arapytu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iska" title="Iska — хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Iska" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%BBng-hi" title="Khûng-hi — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khûng-hi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zrak" title="Zrak — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zrak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8_(van)" title="Lè (van) — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lè (van)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveg%C5%91" title="Levegő — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Levegő" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%A4" title="Օդ — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%A4" title="Օդ — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Օդ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udara" title="Udara — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Udara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loft" title="Loft — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Loft" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aria" title="Aria — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%97" title="空気 — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="空気" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udara" title="Udara — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Udara" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჰაერი — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰაერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azwu" title="Azwu — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Azwu" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwela" title="Mwela — конго" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mwela" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="конго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%A9era" title="Rĩera — кикуйю" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Rĩera" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кикуйю" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Ауа — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ауа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EA%B8%B0" title="공기 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewa" title="Hewa — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hewa" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Аба (атмосфера) — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аба (атмосфера)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3ch" title="Lóch — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Lóch" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aria" title="Aria — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Aria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oras" title="Oras — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Oras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaiss" title="Gaiss — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gaiss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%84%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Кожфсь — мокшанский" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кожфсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivotra" title="Rivotra — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rivotra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udaro" title="Udaro — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Udaro" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" title="Воздух — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Воздух" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udara" title="Udara — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Udara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%82" title="Кошт — эрзянский" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кошт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locht_(atmosfeer)" title="Locht (atmosfeer) — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Locht (atmosfeer)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucht" title="Lucht — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lucht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aire" title="Aire — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aire" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powietrze" title="Powietrze — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Powietrze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar" title="Ar — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aer" title="Aer — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aer" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aer%C3%A2" title="Aerâ — арумынский" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Aerâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" title="Воздух — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Воздух" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" title="Воздух — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Воздух" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%83" title="वायुः — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वायुः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Салгын — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Салгын" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80ria_(gas)" title="Ària (gas) — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ària (gas)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zrak" title="Zrak — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zrak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unfus" title="Unfus — ташельхит" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Unfus" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ташельхит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzduch" title="Vzduch — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vzduch" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zrak" title="Zrak — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zrak" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajri" title="Ajri — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ajri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" title="Ваздух — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ваздух" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa" title="Hawa — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hawa" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewa" title="Hewa — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hewa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luft" title="Luft — силезский" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Luft" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силезский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/bali" title="bali — Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="bali" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/insuna" title="insuna — Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="insuna" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Ҳаво — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳаво" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBea" title="ʻea — тонганский" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻea" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="тонганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hava" title="Hava — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hava" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Һава — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һава" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Омыр — удмуртский" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Омыр" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Повітря — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Повітря" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havo" title="Havo — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Havo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4ng_kh%C3%AD" title="Không khí — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Không khí" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_(g%C3%A5z)" title="Air (gåz) — валлонский" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Air (gåz)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валлонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngelaw" title="Ngelaw — волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ngelaw" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94" title="空气 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="空气" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umoya" title="Umoya — коса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Umoya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="коса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoengqheiq" title="Hoengqheiq — чжуань" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Hoengqheiq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="чжуань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94" title="空气 — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="空气" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khong-kh%C3%AC" title="Khong-khì — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khong-khì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3" title="空氣 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="空氣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" title="Air — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Air" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7391292#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башҡа телдәргә һылтанмаларҙы төҙәтеү" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия — ирекле энциклопедия мәғлүмәте</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ba" dir="ltr"><p><b>Һауа</b> — кеше, хайуан һәм үҫемлектәрҙең тереклеге өсөн кәрәк булған, күбеһенсә азот менән кислородтан торған ерҙең атмосфераһындағы газдар ҡатнашмаһы<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; Ерҙең <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атмосфера (был бит юҡ)">атмосфераһы</a> газдарының тәбиғи ҡатнашмаһы (ҡатнашмала күпселеге <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Азот">азот</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислород</a> — 98-99 %; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B(IV)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Углерод оксиды(IV) (был бит юҡ)">углекислый газ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%8B%D1%83" title="Һыу">һыу</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водород</a> һәм башҡалар). </p><p>Һауанан инерт газдар алалар (гелий, неон, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аргон">аргон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Криптон">криптон</a>, ксенон, радон, унуноктий). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Химик_составы"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BA_.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.8B"></span>Химик составы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Химик составы бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Химик составы бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1754" class="mw-redirect" title="1754">1754</a> йылда <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BA_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Блэк Джозеф (был бит юҡ)">Джозеф Блэк</a> эксперимет аша һауа бер матдә түгел, ә төрлө газдар ҡатнашмаһы булыу иҫбатлай<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table class="standard" cellpadding="1"> <caption>Һауа составы: </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Матдә</th> <th>билдәһе</th> <th>күләм буйынса, %</th> <th>ауырлыҡ буйынса, % </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Азот">Азот</a></td> <td>N<sub>2</sub></td> <td>78,084</td> <td>75,50 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">Кислород</a></td> <td>O<sub>2</sub></td> <td>20,9476</td> <td>23,15 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аргон">Аргон</a></td> <td>Ar</td> <td>0,934</td> <td>1,292 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Углекислый газ (был бит юҡ)">Углекислый газ</a></td> <td>CO<sub>2</sub></td> <td>0,0314</td> <td>0,046 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Неон">Неон</a></td> <td>Ne</td> <td>0,001818</td> <td>0,0014 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Метан">Метан</a></td> <td>CH<sub>4</sub></td> <td>0,0002</td> <td>0,000084 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий">Гелий</a></td> <td>He</td> <td>0,000524</td> <td>0,000073 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Криптон">Криптон</a></td> <td>Kr</td> <td>0,000114</td> <td>0,003 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">Водород</a></td> <td>H<sub>2</sub></td> <td>0,00005</td> <td>0,00008 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ксенон (был бит юҡ)">Ксенон</a></td> <td>Xe</td> <td>0,0000087</td> <td>0,00004 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>, </p><p>Һауа составы тауҙарҙа айырыла: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислород</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Азот">азоттан</a> ауырыраҡ, шуға бейеклеккә күтәрелгән һайын кислород кәмей. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Физик_үҙенсәлектәре"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA_.D2.AF.D2.99.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.81.D3.99.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.82.D3.99.D1.80.D0.B5"></span>Физик үҙенсәлектәре</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Физик үҙенсәлектәре бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Физик үҙенсәлектәре бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wide" cellpadding="1"> <caption>Һауаның физик үҙенсәлектәре : </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="70%">Параметр</th> <th>мәғәнә </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Уртаса сағыштырма моляр массаһы</td> <td>28,98 г/моль </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="2"> <table class="wide collapsible collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D2%99%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ҡоро һауа тығыҙлығы (был бит юҡ)">Ҡоро һауа тығыҙлығы</a> , нормаль атмосфера баҫымда (101325 Па) </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td> <table> <tbody><tr> <td>Температура, °C</td> <td>тығыҙлык мәғәнәһе, кг/м³ </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>−25</td> <td>1,424 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>0</td> <td>1,2929 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>20</td> <td>1,2047 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>225</td> <td>0,7083 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>уртаса сағыштырма <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йылы һыйышлығы (был бит юҡ)">йылы һыйышлығы</a>, үҙгәрмәүсән баҫымлыҡта <i>c<sub>p</sub></i></td> <td>1,006 кДж/(кг•К) </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>уртаса сағыштырма <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йылы һыйышлығы (был бит юҡ)">йылы һыйышлығы</a>, үҙгәрмәүсән күләмдә <i>c<sub>v</sub></i></td> <td>0,717 кДж/(кг•К) </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>адиабата</td> <td>1,40 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>тауыш тиҙлеге, нормаль шарттарҙа</td> <td>331 м/с (1193 км/ч)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>0—100 °C температурала температура киңәйтеүе</td> <td>3,67·10<sup>−3</sup> 1/К </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>нормаль шарттарҙа динамик үҙлелеге</td> <td>17,2 мкПа•с </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>һыуҙа иреүсәнлек</td> <td>29,18 см<sup>3</sup>/л </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="wide collapsible collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <th>нормаль атмосфера баҫымда (101325 Па) йылы үткәреүсәнлеге </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td> <table> <tbody><tr> <td>Температура, °C</td> <td>йылы үткәреүсәнле, Вт/(м•К) </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–173</td> <td>0.00922 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–143</td> <td>0.01204 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–113</td> <td>0.01404 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–83</td> <td>0.01741 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–53</td> <td>0.01983 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–23</td> <td>0.02207 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>–3</td> <td>0.02348 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>0,1</td> <td>0.02370 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>7</td> <td>0.02417 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>17</td> <td>0.02485 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>27</td> <td>0.02553 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>37</td> <td>0.02621 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>67</td> <td>0.02836 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>97</td> <td>0.03026 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Нормаль шарттарҙа яҡтылыҡ һыныуы</td> <td>1,0002926 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>яҡтылыҡ һыныуы үҙгәреү коэффициенты</td> <td>2,8·10<sup>−9</sup> 1/Pa </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>молекуланың уртаса поляризациялау</td> <td>1,7·10<sup>−30</sup> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сатерленд константаһы (был бит юҡ)">Сатерленд константаһы</a> Sat</td> <td>171·10<sup>−7</sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Һауа_фәлсәфәлә"><span id=".D2.BA.D0.B0.D1.83.D0.B0_.D1.84.D3.99.D0.BB.D1.81.D3.99.D1.84.D3.99.D0.BB.D3.99"></span>Һауа фәлсәфәлә</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Һауа фәлсәфәлә бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Һауа фәлсәфәлә бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%88%D0%B5" title="Фридрих Ницше">Фридрих Вильгельм Ницше</a> һауа тураһында иң юғары һәм йоҡа материя тип яҙҙы. Һауа – азатлыҡ символы <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Иҫкәрмәләр"><span id=".D0.98.D2.AB.D0.BA.D3.99.D1.80.D0.BC.D3.99.D0.BB.D3.99.D1.80"></span>Иҫкәрмәләр</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Толковый словарь современного башкирского литературного языка. (под. ред З.Г.Ураксина, 2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0:Science._A_History_(1543-2001)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ҡалып:Книга:Science. A History (1543-2001) (был бит юҡ)">Ҡалып:Книга:Science. A History (1543-2001)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.femto.com.ua/articles/part_2/3692.html">Скорость звука</a></span> // <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Физическая энциклопедия (был бит юҡ)">Физическая энциклопедия</a> / под. ред. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Прохоров, Александр Михайлович (был бит юҡ)">А. М. Прохорова</a>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Советская энциклопедия (был бит юҡ)">Советская энциклопедия»</a>, 1988. — Т. 4.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ковальчук Т. Ю.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.csu.ru/vch/215/012.pdf">Структура художественного пространства в лирике Д. С. Мережковского 1880-1900-е годов</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2015 йыл 18 ғинуар <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150118173835/http://www.lib.csu.ru/vch/215/012.pdf">архивланған</a>.</span></small> // Вестник Челябинского государственного университета. Филология. Искусствоведение. — Вып. 49.— 2010. — № 34 (215). — <b>С. 58</b></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Энциклопедия символов, знаков, эмблем. / авт.-сост. В. Андреева и др. — М. : МИФ : <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A2_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="АСТ (издательство) (был бит юҡ)">АСТ</a>, 2001. — С. 96-97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slovari.yandex.ru/~%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%2C%20%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%2C%20%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85/?ncrnd=5770">Воздух</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2014 йыл 31 июль <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140731085240/http://slovari.yandex.ru/~%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%2C%20%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%2C%20%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85/?ncrnd=5770">архивланған</a>.</span></small> // Символы, знаки, эмблемы: Энциклопедия / авт.-сост. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD,_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Багдасарян, Вардан Эрнестович (был бит юҡ)">В. Э. Багдасарян</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Орлов, Игорь Борисович (был бит юҡ)">И. Б. Орлов</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD,_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Телицын, Вадим Леонидович (был бит юҡ)">В. Л. Телицын</a>; под общ. ред. В. Л. Телицына. — 2-е изд. — М.: ЛОКИД-ПРЕСС, 2005. — 494, [1] с., [16] л. цв. ил.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Һылтанмалар"><span id=".D2.BA.D1.8B.D0.BB.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Һылтанмалар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Һылтанмалар бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Һылтанмалар бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rfgost.ru/gost/319468/">ГОСТ Р ИСО 8756-2005 Качество воздуха. 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