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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Purposes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Purposes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Purposes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purposes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pages that should have a short description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Content</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Content-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Content subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Content_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Content text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Content_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formatting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formatting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Formatting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formatting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inclusion_of_dates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inclusion_of_dates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Inclusion of dates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inclusion_of_dates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"none"_as_a_short_description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"none"_as_a_short_description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>"none" as a short description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"none"_as_a_short_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_to_edit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_to_edit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>How to edit</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-How_to_edit-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle How to edit subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-How_to_edit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Single_page" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Single_page"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Single page</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Single_page-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Placement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Placement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Placement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Placement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>By transclusion into multiple pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Why can't I see any short description?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Why not simply re-use Wikidata's item descriptions?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Short descriptions on redirect pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annotated_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annotated_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Annotated links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annotated_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Short description</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D8%A2%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ویکی‌پدیا:قیسا آچیقلاما – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:قیسا آچیقلاما" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:সংক্ষিপ্ত বিবরণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:সংক্ষিপ্ত বিবরণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Вікіпедыя:Кароткае апісанне – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Кароткае апісанне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kratki_opis" title="Wikipedia:Kratki opis – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wikipedia:Kratki opis" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Seiten-Kurzbeschreibung" title="Hilfe:Seiten-Kurzbeschreibung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Seiten-Kurzbeschreibung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Description_courte" title="Wikipédia:Description courte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia:Description courte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A7%A7%EC%9D%80_%EC%84%A4%EB%AA%85" title="위키백과:짧은 설명 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:짧은 설명" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:Short_description" title="विकिपीडिया:Short description – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:Short description" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपिडिया:छोटो विवरण – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विकिपिडिया:छोटो विवरण" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%AE%E8%AA%AC%E6%98%8E" title="Wikipedia:記事の説明 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:記事の説明" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F:Short_description" title="ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:Short description – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:Short description" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="විකිපීඩියා:කෙටි විස්තරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:කෙටි විස්තරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Short_description" title="Wikipedia:Short description – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Short description" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Википедија:Кратки описи чланака – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Кратки описи чланака" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3" title="వికీపీడియా:పేజీ క్లుప్త వివరణ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీపీడియా:పేజీ క్లుప్త వివరణ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:K%C4%B1sa_a%C3%A7%C4%B1klama" title="Vikipedi:Kısa açıklama – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Kısa açıklama" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Довідка:Короткий опис – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Довідка:Короткий опис" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%AE%80%E7%9F%AD%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0" title="Wikipedia:简短描述 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:简短描述" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q60596895#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-project" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Short_description" title="View the project page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Project page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Short_description" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Short_description&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AShort_description"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AShort_description"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wikipedia%3AShort_description&action=show-download-screen" 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data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Use of short descriptions on Wikipedia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the WikiProject, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Short_descriptions" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Short descriptions">Wikipedia:WikiProject Short descriptions</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia information page</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">information page</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">It is not an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">encyclopedic article</a>, nor one of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</a>; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of Wikipedia's norms, customs, technicalities, or practices. It may reflect differing levels of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus#Achieving_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">vetting</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDESC"></span><span id="WP:SHORTDES"></span><span id="WP:SHORTDESC"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDESC&redirect=no">WP:SDESC</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SHORTDES&redirect=no">WP:SHORTDES</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SHORTDESC&redirect=no">WP:SHORTDESC</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice nutshell" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/30px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/45px-Walnut.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> With <a href="#"none"_as_a_short_description">the exception of articles for which the title is sufficient to fully describe the article</a>, each Wikipedia article should include a concise explanation of its scope in the form of a short description <i>in a <a href="#Formatting">specific format</a>.</i> These descriptions appear in Wikipedia mobile and some desktop searches, and help users identify the desired article.</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Screenshot showing a Wikipedia page in the mobile app, with the short description appearing immediately under the main title" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg/220px-Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg/330px-Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg/440px-Abe_lincoln_on_app.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1334"/></a><figcaption>In the mobile app, descriptions appear below the article title.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>short description</b> of a Wikipedia article or of another namespace page is a concise explanation of the scope of the page. These descriptions appear in Wikipedia mobile and some desktop searches,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and help users identify the desired article. When viewing an article, some mobile <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_mobile_applications" title="List of Wikipedia mobile applications">Wikipedia apps</a> also display the description below the page title. </p><p>Short descriptions do not appear by default when viewing an article in desktop view, but logged-in users who wish to see and edit them can do so easily by enabling the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortdesc_helper" title="Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper</a> in their <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets" title="Special:Preferences">Preferences "gadgets"</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Purposes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Purposes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Purposes"></span>Purposes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Purposes"></span></h2></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="SDPURPOSE"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"></p><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDPURPOSE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDPURPOSE&redirect=no">WP:SDPURPOSE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Short descriptions provide: </p> <ul><li>a very brief indication of the field covered by the article</li> <li>a short descriptive annotation</li> <li>a disambiguation in searches, especially to distinguish the subject from similarly titled subjects in different fields</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="title"><div>Examples of short description use</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Top_read_sep_17_2017.png" class="mw-file-description" title="In a list of suggested articles on the mobile platform"><img alt="Screenshot showing how short descriptions appear" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Top_read_sep_17_2017.png/115px-Top_read_sep_17_2017.png" decoding="async" width="115" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Top_read_sep_17_2017.png/173px-Top_read_sep_17_2017.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Top_read_sep_17_2017.png/231px-Top_read_sep_17_2017.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="1082"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">In a list of suggested articles on the mobile platform</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png" class="mw-file-description" title="In a list of suggested articles using the Vector (2022) skin"><img alt="Screenshot showing how short descriptions appear" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png/185px-Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png" decoding="async" width="185" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png/278px-Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png/370px-Presentation_of_short_descriptions_in_Vector_skin.png 2x" data-file-width="1090" data-file-height="1472"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">In a list of suggested articles using the Vector (2022) skin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Creating a wikilink in the desktop Visual Editor"><img alt="Screenshot showing how short descriptions appear" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png/221px-Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png" decoding="async" width="221" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png/331px-Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png/441px-Presentation_of_short_descriptions_within_Visual_Editor.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1088"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Creating a wikilink in the desktop Visual Editor</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png" class="mw-file-description" title="A list of annotated links in an index article on Wikipedia (Vector 2022)"><img alt="Screenshot of a list annotated with short descriptions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png/250px-Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png/375px-Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png/500px-Screenshot_of_a_list_of_annotaed_links_in_an_index_article_on_Wikipedia.png 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A list of annotated links in an index article on Wikipedia (Vector 2022)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Part of a Wikipedia Index article showing optional warning messages about missing short descriptions"><img alt="Screenshot of part of a Wikipedia Index article showing optional warning messages about missing short descriptions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png/250px-Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png/375px-Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png/500px-Screenshot_of_part_of_a_Wikipedia_Index_article_showing_optional_warning_messages_about_missing_short_descriptions.png 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Part of a Wikipedia Index article showing optional warning messages about missing short descriptions</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category,_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia category, annotated using short descriptions (Vector 2022)"><img alt="Screenshot of a Wikipedia category, annotated using short descriptions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category%2C_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png/250px-Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category%2C_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category%2C_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png/375px-Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category%2C_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category%2C_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png/500px-Screenshot_of_a_Wikipedia_category%2C_annotated_using_short_descriptions.png 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wikipedia category, annotated using short descriptions (Vector 2022)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia category page with colour coded annotations. Black is the page's short description. Magenta is taken from Wikidata as there is no Wikipedia short description, and red has no short description or Wikidata description available"><img alt="Screenshot of Wikipedia category page with annotations. Black is the page's short description. Magenta is taken from Wikidata as there is no Wikipedia short description, and red has no short description or Wikidata description available" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png/250px-Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png/375px-Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png/500px-Screenshot_of_Wikipedia_category_page_with_colour_coded_annotations.png 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="768"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wikipedia category page with colour coded annotations. Black is the page's short description. Magenta is taken from Wikidata as there is no Wikipedia short description, and red has no short description or Wikidata description available</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>Short descriptions are also used as annotations in lists of links, such as "See also" sections and Index list articles, where they provide some context for the link when a local annotation is not provided. The template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Annotated_link" title="Template:Annotated link">Annotated link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> is available for this purpose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description"></span>Pages that should have a short description<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pages_that_should_have_a_short_description"></span></h2></div> <p>All mainspace articles should have a short description (including those that are intentionally blank; see <a href="#"none"_as_a_short_description">below</a>). Redirects and most pages outside the mainspace do not normally need a description, although one may be added in the rare cases it would be useful. </p><p>The short description may appear directly in the wikicode for the page, via the <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Short description</a>}}</code> template, or may be <a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">transcluded</a> automatically from a <a href="/wiki/Category:Templates_that_generate_short_descriptions" title="Category:Templates that generate short descriptions">template such as an infobox</a>. Disambiguation pages and list articles both make use of transcluded descriptions, and those do not normally need to be edited manually. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Content"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Content" data-mw-thread-id="h-Content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Content"></span>Content<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Content"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDCONTENT"></span><span id="WP:HOWTOSD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDCONTENT&redirect=no">WP:SDCONTENT</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:HOWTOSD&redirect=no">WP:HOWTOSD</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p><b>The short description is part of the article content, and is subject to the normal rules on content</b>, including <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a>. The normal editing rules such as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">Consensus</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a> also apply. </p><p>Editors should keep in mind that short descriptions are meant to distinguish an article from similarly named articles in search results, and not to define the subject. Each description should provide a brief overview of the topic, a short annotation, and a way to differentiate it from other similarly titled articles. </p><p>Ideally, each page should have its own purpose-written short description. It is the editor's responsibility to ensure the short description is appropriate, accurate and compliant with Wikipedia's policies, particularly for biographies of living people and for medical articles. While the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortdesc_helper" title="Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper tool</a> allows text to be imported from Wikidata, that should be done with caution as Wikidata descriptions do not follow Wikipedia policies, and are often inappropriate: see <a href="#Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?">§ Why not simply re-use Wikidata's item descriptions?</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Content_text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Content_text-Content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Content_text-Content"></span>Content text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Content_text-Content"></span></h3></div> <p>When visible on desktop or mobile, the short description immediately follows the article title, and should be comprehensible in that location. </p> <p><span class="anchor" id="SDNOTDEF"></span><span class="anchor" id="SDJARGON"></span><span class="anchor" id="SDDUPLICATE"></span><span class="anchor" id="SDAVOID"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"></p><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDNOTDEF"></span><span id="WP:SDJARGON"></span><span id="WP:SDDUPLICATE"></span><span id="WP:SDAVOID"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDNOTDEF&redirect=no">WP:SDNOTDEF</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDJARGON&redirect=no">WP:SDJARGON</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDDUPLICATE&redirect=no">WP:SDDUPLICATE</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDAVOID&redirect=no">WP:SDAVOID</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p><b>A short description is not a definition</b>, and editors should not attempt to define the article's subject nor to summarise the lead. There is no objection to an otherwise-suitable short description that also happens to work as a definition. </p><p>As far as possible, it should: </p> <ul><li>focus on the <a href="#Purposes">purposes</a> stated above</li> <li>start with the most important information (mobile applications may truncate long descriptions)</li> <li>use universally accepted facts that will not be subject to rapid change, avoiding anything that could be understood as controversial, judgemental, or promotional</li> <li>avoid jargon, and use simple, readily comprehensible terms that do not require pre-existing detailed knowledge of the subject</li> <li>avoid duplicating information that is already in the title (but don't worry too much if you need to repeat a word or two for context)</li> <li>avoid time-specific adjectives like "former", "retired", "late", "defunct", "closed", "current", "new", "recent", "planned", "future", etc.</li> <li>avoid subjective adjectives like "small", "famous", "popular"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formatting" data-mw-thread-id="h-Formatting-Content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Formatting-Content"></span>Formatting<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Formatting-Content"></span></h3></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="SDFORMAT"></span><span class="anchor" id="WP:SDLENGTH"></span><span class="anchor" id="SDSHORT"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"></p><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDFORMAT"></span><span id="WP:SDLENGTH"></span><span id="WP:SDSHORT"></span><span id="WP:SD40"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDFORMAT&redirect=no">WP:SDFORMAT</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDLENGTH&redirect=no">WP:SDLENGTH</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDSHORT&redirect=no">WP:SDSHORT</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SD40&redirect=no">WP:SD40</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Each short description should: </p> <ul><li>be written in plain text – without <a href="/wiki/HTML_element" title="HTML element">HTML tags</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">wiki markup</a>, typographic <a href="/wiki/Dingbat" title="Dingbat">dingbats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">emojis</a>, or <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a> display manipulation</li> <li>start with a capital letter<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>avoid initial <a href="/wiki/Article_(grammar)" title="Article (grammar)">articles</a> (A, An, The) except when required for correct grammar and meaning</li> <li>avoid using a final <a href="/wiki/Full_stop" title="Full stop">full stop</a> (period)</li> <li>be <b>short</b> – no longer than is needed to fulfill <a href="#Purposes">its functions</a> effectively <ul><li>More than 80% of short descriptions use fewer than 40 characters (including spaces).</li> <li>Fewer than 3% of short descriptions are longer than 60 characters, and short descriptions longer than 100 characters will be flagged for attention.</li> <li>Short descriptions exceeding 40 characters may be truncated in some contexts.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Because they are intended to be scanned quickly, longer, more specific descriptions can be less useful.</li></ul></li></ul> <p><span class="anchor" id="SDEXAMPLES"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples" data-mw-thread-id="h-Examples-Content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Examples-Content"></span>Examples<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Examples-Content"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDEXAMPLES"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDEXAMPLES&redirect=no">WP:SDEXAMPLES</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>A good way to draft a short description is to consider the words that would naturally follow if you started a sentence like this: </p> <ul><li>"<b>[Article subject] is/was a/an/the ... </b>".</li></ul> <p>You can then use those additional words as the short description. So for example if you wanted to write a short description for <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A8ve_Nzigamasabo" title="Stève Nzigamasabo">Stève Nzigamasabo</a>, your sentence would be "Stève Nzigamasabo is a <i>Burundian footballer</i>"; and <i>Burundian footballer</i> becomes your short description. </p><p>Here are some examples, though they can all be varied if the context allows something better. See also <a href="#Inclusion_of_dates">§ Inclusion of dates</a>. Remember to ensure that your description is short (See <a href="#Formatting">"Formatting"</a>, above). </p> <ul><li>For a person: "[country adjective] [what the person is known for]" (Examples: "American singer/songwriter", "Cuban ice skater")</li> <li>For a location: "[type of location] in [area/region/country as needed]" (Examples: "City in Florida, United States", "University in Oxford, England")</li> <li>For an organism: "[type of organism] of [common name or description]" (Examples: "Species of moth", "Group of flowering plants", "Extinct group of molluscs") <ul><li>Do not include family name or other technical taxonomic terms.</li></ul></li> <li>Publication: "[year] [type of publication] by [author]" (Examples: "1983 novel by John Irving")</li> <li>Miscellaneous: "Type of [noun]", "Concept in [academic field]" (Examples: "Type of steam locomotive", "Concept in statistics")</li></ul> <p><span class="anchor" id="SDDATES"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inclusion_of_dates" data-mw-thread-id="h-Inclusion_of_dates-Content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Inclusion_of_dates-Content"></span>Inclusion of dates<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Inclusion_of_dates-Content"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDDATES"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDDATES&redirect=no">WP:SDDATES</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Dates or date ranges are encouraged when they enhance the short description as an annotation or improve disambiguation. As long as the <a href="#Formatting">formatting criteria are met</a>, biographies of non-living people, articles on specific publications, and dated historical events generally benefit from dating, but since the description should be kept short, other information may need to take precedence. Care should be taken when the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">biographies of living persons</a> (BLP) policy applies: birthdates for living people should not be included unless sourced within the article. </p><p>Recommended date formats are given below, but these can be varied if there is contrary consensus on the talk page. In biographies, distinguish between dates defining a lifespan <i>"(birthyear–deathyear)"</i> and those defining a period in office <i>"from startyear to endyear"</i>. For historical biographies, specific dates such as "1750–1810" are preferred over "18th-century" for clarity. Other dated events or ranges can use any format as long as the meaning is clear. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Date inclusion recommendations, by article subject type </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Type </th> <th scope="col">Criterion </th> <th scope="col">Recommended date format </th> <th scope="col">Examples </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="6">Biography </th> <td rowspan="3">Lifetime most important </td> <td>[Person description] (<i>birthyear</i>–<i>deathyear</i>) </td> <td>English composer (1668–1735) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">BLP</a> or year of death unknown: [Person description] (born <i>birthyear</i>) </td> <td>English composer (born 1668) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Year of birth unknown: [Person description] (died <i>deathyear</i>) </td> <td>English composer (died 1735) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">Period in office most important </td> <td>[Office description] from <i>startyear</i> to <i>endyear</i> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>King of Scotland from 1488 to 1513</li><li>Pope from 965 to 972</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Currently in office: [Office description] since <i>startyear</i> </td> <td>President of Mexico since 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Term of office contained within one year: [Office description] in <i>start</i>/<i>endyear</i> </td> <td>President of the United States in 1841 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Publication </th> <td>Publication in a specific year </td> <td><i>Publicationyear</i> [Description] </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1964 American film</li><li>1988 novel by Penelope Fitzgerald</li><li>2001 video game</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="4">Historical </th> <td>Event in a specific year </td> <td><i>Eventyear</i> [Description] </td> <td>1861 American Civil War battle </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">Period or range </td> <td>[Description] from <i>startyear</i> to <i>endyear</i> </td> <td>Epidemic of plague from 1665 to 1666 </td></tr> <tr> <td>[Description] (<i>startyear</i>–<i>endyear</i>) </td> <td>Epidemic of bubonic plague (1665–1666) </td></tr> <tr> <td>[Description], <i>startyear</i>–<i>endyear</i> </td> <td>Epidemic of bubonic plague, 1665–1666 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Where a date is not known exactly, "c. " may be used for "circa". Other examples are given at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:APPROXDATE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:APPROXDATE">WP:APPROXDATE</a>, although "fl. " for "<a href="/wiki/Floruit" title="Floruit">floruit</a>" should be avoided as it is not universally understood. Centuries should not be abbreviated "c. " due to the potential for confusion with "circa". </p><p><span class="anchor" id="SDNONE"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""none"_as_a_short_description" data-mw-thread-id="h-"none"_as_a_short_description-Content"><span id=".22none.22_as_a_short_description"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-"none"_as_a_short_description-Content"></span>"none" as a short description<span data-mw-comment-end="h-"none"_as_a_short_description-Content"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDNONE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDNONE&redirect=no">WP:SDNONE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>All articles should have a short description (and therefore should belong to <a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Category:Articles with short description</a>), but some article titles are sufficiently detailed that an additional short description would not be helpful, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Alpine_skiing_at_the_1960_Winter_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_downhill" title="Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics – Men's downhill">Alpine skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics – Men's downhill</a>. </p><p>In those cases, <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Short description</a>|none}}</code> should be used to add the article to <a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Category:Articles with short description</a>. Occasionally, a default value of "none" may already be transcluded, for example in some Wikipedia list articles; that default should not normally need to be edited, but it can be overridden for a specific page by adding <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Short description</a>|<i>Overriding description</i>}}</code> at the top of the page. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_to_edit" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_to_edit"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_to_edit"></span>How to edit<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_to_edit"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Single_page" data-mw-thread-id="h-Single_page-How_to_edit"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Single_page-How_to_edit"></span>Single page<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Single_page-How_to_edit"></span></h3></div> <p>The easiest way to create and edit short descriptions on the desktop is to use the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortdesc_helper" title="Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper</a> gadget. This may be enabled in <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets" title="Special:Preferences">the Gadgets tab of your Preferences</a> under the "Editing" section. </p><p>Alternatively, you can manually amend the <code>{{Short description}}</code> template in the source editor. Short descriptions cannot be added with the <a href="/wiki/VisualEditor" title="VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a>. </p><p>If you are editing manually on desktop and do not have the gadget loaded, do not add a <code>{{Short description}}</code> <i>solely</i> because the template seems to be missing from the wikicode. Descriptions are sometimes set by another template (such as an Infobox) elsewhere in the article. For more information, see <a href="#Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?">§ Why can't I see any short description?</a>. </p><p>If you are editing manually, do not start the template with a space — <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">{{ Short description...</code> — this may break other templates which search for the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">{{Short description...</code> text. </p><p>Always use the <code>{{Short description}}</code> template – do not use any alias. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SDNOALIASES" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SDNOALIASES">WP:SDNOALIASES</a> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="SDPLACE"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Placement" data-mw-thread-id="h-Placement-How_to_edit"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Placement-How_to_edit"></span>Placement<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Placement-How_to_edit"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SDPLACE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SDPLACE&redirect=no">WP:SDPLACE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Per <a href="/wiki/MOS:ORDER" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:ORDER">MOS:ORDER</a> and <a href="/wiki/MOS:LEADORDER" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LEADORDER">MOS:LEADORDER</a>, the template should be the very first element on the page. There is just one exception to this, namely redirects. If (unusually) you need to add a short description to a redirect, you should add <code>{{Short description}}</code> <em>below</em> <code>#REDIRECT</code>. For more information, see <a href="#Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages">§ Short descriptions on redirect pages</a>. Placement is handled automatically if you are using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortdesc_helper" title="Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages" data-mw-thread-id="h-By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages-How_to_edit"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages-How_to_edit"></span>By transclusion into multiple pages<span data-mw-comment-end="h-By_transclusion_into_multiple_pages-How_to_edit"></span></h3></div> <p>Where a single short description (or rule for generating one) is suitable for multiple articles that all use the same template/infobox, the description can be transcluded from the template rather than being added one by one to each article. In that case <code>{{Short description}}</code> does not appear in the wikicode for the page. </p><p>Such transclusions are normally done after local consensus by template editors. <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Template_short_description" title="Template:Template short description">Template short description</a>}}</code> is available to simplify the process, and ensures that the resultant description doesn't exceed the recommended length even if a page editor adds some unusually long text to an infobox. All templates that generate a default description should include a <code>|2=noreplace</code> parameter so that the result can be overridden by a manually inserted instance that appears at the top of the wikicode (see <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193857" class="extiw" title="phabricator:T193857">T193857</a> for technical details). <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Auto_short_description" title="Template:Auto short description">Auto short description</a>}}</code> should also be added to the documentation page so that the template gets added to <a href="/wiki/Category:Templates_that_generate_short_descriptions" title="Category:Templates that generate short descriptions">Category:Templates that generate short descriptions</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?"><span id="Why_can.27t_I_see_any_short_description.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?"></span>Why can't I see any short description?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Why_can't_I_see_any_short_description?"></span></h2></div> <p>By default, short descriptions are not displayed when viewing an article in desktop view. To make them visible on the page and to enable easy editing, enable <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortdesc_helper" title="Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper</a> in Preferences. On the desktop platform, short descriptions appear below article titles in search result lists only if you are using the Vector (2022) skin: in Preferences | Appearance, make sure the <i>Vector (2022)</i> radio button is selected. </p><p>You can always see whether the page has a <i>manual</i> short description by opening it for source editing (not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VE">visual editing</a>); you should find <code>{{Short description}}</code> right at the top. Unfortunately, the absence of <code>{{Short description}}</code> there does not necessarily mean that a short description is missing, as it may be <i>transcluded</i> from some template such as an infobox. That can't be determined from the page code (at least without following through to the template code pages), hence the recommendation to enable <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortdesc_helper" title="Wikipedia:Shortdesc helper">Shortdesc helper</a>. </p><p>As mentioned above, please don't add a new short description <i>solely</i> on the basis that <code>{{Short description}}</code> is missing from the wikicode. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?"><span id="Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata.27s_item_descriptions.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?"></span>Why not simply re-use Wikidata's item descriptions?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Why_not_simply_re-use_Wikidata's_item_descriptions?"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SD-VS-WIKIDATA"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SD-VS-WIKIDATA&redirect=no">WP:SD-VS-WIKIDATA</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Wikipedia's short descriptions and <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Description" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Help:Description">Wikidata's item descriptions</a> serve different purposes, and their respective wordings are very often different: </p> <ul><li>A short description is Wikipedia-specific and relates to an individual encyclopedia article here on the English Wikipedia. It provides a brief indication of the field, an annotation, and a disambiguation in searches, not for any Wikidata item but for the encyclopedia article itself.</li> <li>In contrast, a Wikidata item description is designed to disambiguate Wikidata items with the same or similar labels and serves to characterise the Wikidata item, regardless of the content of any corresponding Wikipedia article (or indeed whether a Wikipedia article for the item exists at all).</li></ul> <p>Wikidata item descriptions are not subject to Wikipedia's policies or recommendations, and in practice are often too long and intricate for use as Wikipedia short descriptions (see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SDSHORT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SDSHORT">WP:SDSHORT</a>, above). There are technical differences, too: for example, short descriptions normally start with an uppercase letter whereas Wikidata item descriptions generally use lowercase. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages" data-mw-thread-id="h-Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages"></span>Short descriptions on redirect pages<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Short_descriptions_on_redirect_pages"></span></h2></div> <p>Most redirects do not require a short description. Occasionally it may be useful to add one: </p> <ol><li>on soft redirects where an annotation would make the page clearer</li> <li>where the redirect page is the target of an <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Annotated_link" title="Template:Annotated link">Annotated link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li>as an indicator that the topic described may be a valid article topic (Redirects with possibilities).</li></ol> <p><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Short description</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> conflicts with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MAGICWORD" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:MAGICWORD">#REDIRECT</a> if placed in the standard position at the top of the page. For such pages <i>only</i>, the template should be placed immediately underneath #REDIRECT. </p><p>The short description of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect_to_section" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect to section"><i>Redirect to section</i></a> should refer to the <i>section content</i> and should not generally be the same as that of the article itself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Annotated_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Annotated_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Annotated_links"></span>Annotated links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Annotated_links"></span></h2></div> <p>The <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Annotated_link" title="Template:Annotated link">Annotated link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template can be used to automatically annotate a wikilink with a corresponding short description for the page. This may be useful where links to multiple pages are presented in the form of a list, for example in "See also" sections. <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Annotated_link" title="Template:Annotated link">Annotated link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> does not follow redirects, and if the link has to point to a redirect it may be appropriate to add a short description to the redirect page itself, as it would in this case normally be a redirect with possibilities. In other cases it may be more appropriate to change to a direct link, or use a piped alias. The template should not be used for annotating links on disambiguation pages, for the reasons stated in the template documentation. </p><p>The <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:AnnotatedListOfLinks" title="Template:AnnotatedListOfLinks">AnnotatedListOfLinks</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template may help editors quickly apply <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Annotated_link" title="Template:Annotated link">Annotated link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to multiple listed links at once. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="History" data-mw-thread-id="h-History"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-History"></span>History<span data-mw-comment-end="h-History"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256386598">.mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#F0F2F5;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#CCFFCC;color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}</style> <div style="margin-left:0"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-archivedtalk mw-collapsed" style="color:inherit; background: transparent; text-align: left; border: 1px solid Silver; margin: 0.2em auto auto; width:100%; clear: both; padding: 1px;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="cot-header-other" style="; font-size:87%; padding:0.2em 0.3em; text-align:center;"><div style="font-size:115%;margin:0 4em">Content of historical interest</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; border: solid 1px Silver; padding: 0.6em; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <p>Short descriptions were initially implemented in 2017 by <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</a> developers primarily as a search disambiguator, using item descriptions from <a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>. After concerns were raised about accuracy, suitability, and the potential for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SNEAKY" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SNEAKY">hard-to-detect vandalism</a> on Wikidata, the developers created a SHORTDESC <a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">magic word</a>, giving editors the ability to override the Wikidata text directly on Wikipedia: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/IncidentArchive950#Hard_to_detect_mobile_vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/IncidentArchive950">Incidents § Hard to detect mobile vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)/Archive_154#Discussion_at_ANI_about_Wikidata_use_in_mobile_view" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 154">Village pump (technical) § Discussion at ANI about Wikidata use in mobile view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(proposals)/Archive_138#Rfc:_Remove_description_taken_from_Wikidata_from_mobile_view_of_en-WP" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)/Archive 138">Rfc: Remove description taken from Wikidata from mobile view of en-WP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(proposals)/Archive_138#Blockers_to_having_short_description_on_mobile" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)/Archive 138">Blockers to having short description on mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(proposals)/Archive_145#RfC:_Populating_article_descriptions_magic_word" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)/Archive 145">RfC: Populating article descriptions magic word</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Wikidata/2018_State_of_affairs#Short_descriptions" title="Wikipedia talk:Wikidata/2018 State of affairs">Wikipedia talk:Wikidata/2018 State of affairs § Short descriptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Short_description/Archive_1#Some_history_and_explanation_of_this_template_for_those_without_the_time_or_inclination_to_read_the_full_discussion" title="Template talk:Short description/Archive 1">Template talk:Short description/Archive 1 § Some history and explanation of this template for those without the time or inclination to read the full discussion</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184000">Phabricator ticket T184000</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193857">Phabricator ticket T193857</a></li></ul> <p>The magic word approach has been superseded by the Wikipedia template <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Short description</a>}}</code>. At first, mobile devices displayed the Wikipedia-specific short description where that existed, but continued to display the Wikidata text where it did not. In 2020, use of Wikidata text to characterize Wikipedia content was discontinued. Mobile devices now display the Wikipedia description if it exists, and display no short description if it does not. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Short_descriptions" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Short descriptions">Wikipedia:WikiProject Short descriptions</a> – Project to improve short descriptions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Template:Short description</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_short_description" title="Category:Pages with short description">Category:Pages with short description</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Category:Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Category:Short description matches Wikidata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Description" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Help:Description">Wikidata Help: Description</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikidata" title="Help:Wikidata">Help:Wikidata</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Enabled by default in the Vector (2022) skin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Other language Wikipedias typically prefer lowercase; check this if you're planning on editing any of their short descriptions on Wikidata.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Below search results and in suggested article boxes at the bottom of mobile view. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Short_description/Archive_12#Reasons_why_SDs_over_40_characters_are_a_problem" title="Wikipedia talk:Short description/Archive 12">discussion</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Short_description&oldid=1258910507">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Short_description&oldid=1258910507</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">Wikipedia information pages</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_project_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia semi-protected project pages">Wikipedia semi-protected project pages</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 November 2024, at 08:54<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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