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<li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Referenser</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Maurras</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" 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Tillgänglig på 39 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="شارل موراس – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شارل موراس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Моррас Шарль – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Моррас Шарль" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – korsikanska" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CF%89%CF%81%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Σαρλ Μωρράς – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαρλ Μωρράς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="شارل موراس – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شارل موراس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A4%EB%A5%BC_%EB%AA%A8%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4" title="샤를 모라스 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샤를 모라스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A1" title="שארל מוראס – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שארל מוראס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="შარლ მორასი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შარლ მორასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Maurras" title="Carolus Maurras – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus Maurras" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="شارل موراس – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شارل موراس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="شارل مورا – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شارل مورا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9" title="シャルル・モーラス – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャルル・モーラス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carles_Maurr%C3%A0s" title="Carles Maurràs – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carles Maurràs" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="شارل موراس – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شارل موراس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – piemontesiska" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81,_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Моррас, Шарль – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Моррас, Шарль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="شارلو مۆراس – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شارلو مۆراس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Charles Maurras" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Шарль Моррас – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шарль Моррас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a 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#ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard" cellspacing="3" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.6em; width:250px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;"><span class="fn">Charles Maurras</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg/250px-Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg/375px-Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg/500px-Maurras_Harcourt_1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="1056" /></a></span> </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Född</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/20_april" title="20 april">20 april</a> <a href="/wiki/1868" title="1868">1868</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Martigues" title="Martigues">Martigues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provence" title="Provence">Provence</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Död</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/16_november" title="16 november">16 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> (84 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/Tours" title="Tours">Tours</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indre-et-Loire" title="Indre-et-Loire">Indre-et-Loire</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Nationalitet</th><td class="kategori" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike"><img alt="Frankrike" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Fransk</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Yrke/uppdrag</th><td class="roll" style=""><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rfattare" title="Författare">Författare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker">politiker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Influerad av</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Thomas_av_Aquino" title="Thomas av Aquino">Aquino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Barr%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurice Barrés">Barrés</a> · <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Bonald" title="Louis de Bonald">Bonald</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Comte</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante</a> · <a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a> · <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Taine" title="Hippolyte Taine">Taine</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Influerade</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/T.S._Eliot" title="T.S. Eliot">Eliot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a> · <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">de Gaulle</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Maritain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Pinochet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">Salazar</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Politisk rörelse</th><td class="kategori" style=""><a href="/wiki/Action_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Action française">Action française</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Utmärkelser</th><td class="" style="">Stol nummer 16 i <a href="/wiki/Franska_akademien" title="Franska akademien">Franska akademien</a> <small>(1938–1945)</small></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Namnteckning</th><td class="" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png/150px-Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png/225px-Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png/300px-Signature_de_Charles_Maurras.png 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="410" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles-Marie-Photius Maurras</b>, född <a href="/wiki/20_april" title="20 april">20 april</a> <a href="/wiki/1868" title="1868">1868</a> i <a href="/wiki/Martigues" title="Martigues">Martigues</a> i <a href="/wiki/Provence" title="Provence">Provence</a>, död <a href="/wiki/16_november" title="16 november">16 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tours" title="Tours">Tours</a> i <a href="/wiki/Indre-et-Loire" title="Indre-et-Loire">Indre-et-Loire</a>, var en <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">fransk</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rfattare" title="Författare">författare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker">politiker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a> och <a href="/wiki/Litteraturkritik" title="Litteraturkritik">litteraturkritiker</a>. Han var den främste ledaren och ideologen bakom <a href="/wiki/Action_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Action française">Action française</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Rojalism" title="Rojalism">rojalistisk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalistisk</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kontrarevolution" title="Kontrarevolution">kontrarevolutionär</a> politisk rörelse i Frankrike.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografi">Biografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Biografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Biografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Maurras växte upp i en <a href="/wiki/Traditionalism" title="Traditionalism">traditionalistisk</a> miljö och utbildades vid en <a href="/wiki/Katolicism" title="Katolicism">katolsk</a> skola i <a href="/wiki/Aix-en-Provence" title="Aix-en-Provence">Aix-en-Provence</a>. Som tonåring kom han till <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, där han medverkade i tidskrifter och rörde sig i litterära miljöer. Omkring sekelskiftet tog han starka intryck av <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Barr%C3%A8s" title="Maurice Barrès">Maurice Barrès</a> nationalistiska tänkande, och började utveckla en anti-<a href="/wiki/Romantiken" title="Romantiken">romantisk</a> och <a href="/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism">positivistisk</a> filosofi.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Politiskt såg han <a href="/wiki/Monarki" title="Monarki">monarkin</a> och den <a href="/wiki/Romersk-katolska_kyrkan" title="Romersk-katolska kyrkan">katolska kyrkan</a> som grundprinciper för samhällets ordning, och ställde dessa i skarp motsättning till dem han betraktade som västerlandets fiender: <a href="/wiki/Republikanism" title="Republikanism">republikaner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialister</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frimureri" title="Frimureri">frimurare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">protestanter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judar" title="Judar">judar</a> och <a href="/wiki/Demokrati" title="Demokrati">demokratiskt</a> sinnade katoliker.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maurras började engagera sig politiskt i samband med <a href="/wiki/Dreyfusaff%C3%A4ren" title="Dreyfusaffären">Dreyfusaffären</a>, först i <a href="/wiki/Ligue_de_la_patrie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Ligue de la patrie française">Ligue de la patrie française</a>. Han anslöt sig 1899 till den nationalistiska rörelsen Action française och grundade samma år dess tidning, som han redigerade tillsammans med <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Daudet" title="Léon Daudet">Léon Daudet</a>. I denna roll kom Maurras att bli rörelsens främste ideolog, och utövade ett stort inflytande över de intellektuella och politiska miljöerna i Frankrike.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under och efter <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rsta_v%C3%A4rldskriget" title="Första världskriget">första världskriget</a> intog han en starkt anti-<a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">tysk</a> hållning, och kritiserade bland annat <a href="/wiki/Versaillesfreden" title="Versaillesfreden">Versaillesfördraget</a> för att inte ställa tillräckligt hårda krav på Tyskland.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Då Maurras i sina skrifter ofta manade till <a href="/wiki/Politiskt_v%C3%A5ld" title="Politiskt våld">politiskt våld</a> ställdes han flera gånger inför rätta, däribland då han 1936 dömdes till fängelse för att ha mordhotat den socialistiske premiärministern <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Léon Blum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> År 1938 blev han invald i <a href="/wiki/Franska_akademien" title="Franska akademien">Franska akademien</a> på stol nummer 16.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under 1930-talet uttryckte Maurras beundran för <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascistiska</a> ledare, som <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a> i <a href="/wiki/Italien" title="Italien">Italien</a> och <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a> i <a href="/wiki/Spanien" title="Spanien">Spanien</a>. I linje med sina anti-tyska åsikter förhöll han sig dock betydligt mer kallsinnigt till <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Hitler</a> och <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">nazismen</a>, men kom likväl att stödja <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen%C3%B6verenskommelsen" title="Münchenöverenskommelsen">Münchenöverenskommelsen</a> 1938 och motsatte sig krig mot <a href="/wiki/Nazityskland" title="Nazityskland">Nazityskland</a>, då han betraktade <a href="/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen">Sovjetunionen</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism">kommunismen</a> som ett större hot.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Under <a href="/wiki/Andra_v%C3%A4rldskriget" title="Andra världskriget">andra världskriget</a> gav han sitt stöd till den protyska <a href="/wiki/Vichyregimen" title="Vichyregimen">Vichyregimen</a> under marskalk <a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Han försvarade regimens antisemitiska lagstiftning, samt fick stöd från ockupationsmakten att fortsätta utgivningen av <i>Action Françaises</i> tidskrift, där han förordade att <a href="/wiki/Franska_motst%C3%A5ndsr%C3%B6relsen" title="Franska motståndsrörelsen">motståndsrörelsens</a> medlemmar skulle avrättas.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg/250px-Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg/375px-Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg/500px-Charles_Maurras_trial_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1503" /></a><figcaption>Charles Maurras inför rätta, 1945.</figcaption></figure><p>Efter befrielsen arresterades Maurras i september 1944, och åtalades för <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gf%C3%B6rr%C3%A4deri" title="Högförräderi">högförräderi</a>. Han dömdes i januari 1945 till <a href="/wiki/Livstids_f%C3%A4ngelse" title="Livstids fängelse">livstids fängelse</a> samt förlust av sina politiska, medborgerliga och professionella rättigheter. Efter att först ha suttit fängslad i <a href="/wiki/Riom" title="Riom">Riom</a> och <a href="/wiki/Clairvaux" title="Clairvaux">Clairvaux</a> omvandlades straffet i april 1952 till <a href="/wiki/Husarrest" title="Husarrest">husarrest</a>. Han förflyttades då till en klinik utanför Tours, där han avled i november samma år.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tänkande"><span id="T.C3.A4nkande"></span>Tänkande</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tänkande" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tänkande"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politisk_filosofi">Politisk filosofi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Politisk filosofi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Politisk filosofi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Maurras kallade själv sin politiska filosofi för <i>nationalisme intégral</i> (”integral nationalism”), enligt vilken nationen är till det högsta värdet av alla. Allt vad en integral nationalist gör måste vara relaterat till det nationella intresset. För Maurras var det nationella intresset i det franska fallet relaterat till anti-<a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a>, anti-<a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberalism</a> och <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a>. Enligt Maurras äger den nationella, <a href="/wiki/Kollektiv" title="Kollektiv">kollektiva</a> personligheten en högre form av <a href="/wiki/Sanning" title="Sanning">sanning</a>, individualitet och frihet, än de mänskliga personligheterna. I den nationalism som utvecklades inom Action française är nationerna heller inte några jämlika personligheter, utan involverade en <a href="/wiki/Hierarki" title="Hierarki">hierarkisk</a> syn på tillvaron. Nationen relateras också, tydligare än tidigare, till en <a href="/wiki/Etnisk_grupp" title="Etnisk grupp">etnisk</a> definition – den franska nationen blir uttrycket för "franskhet" i <a href="/wiki/Frankrike#Kultur" title="Frankrike">kultur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franska" title="Franska">språk</a> och <a href="/wiki/Folksj%C3%A4l" title="Folksjäl">folksjäl</a>. </p><p>Synen på nationen som en kollektiv personlighet var alltså produkten av den <a href="/wiki/Nationalromantisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalromantisk">nationalromantiska</a> filosofin, men de mera extrema <a href="/wiki/Nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalist">nationalisterna</a> i slutet av 1800-talet inordnade denna föreställning i en syn på <a href="/wiki/Organismtanken" title="Organismtanken">nationen som en biologisk organism</a>, som strävar efter inre integration av sina delar. Mot slutet av 1800-talet uppträder alltså en integrativ nationalism som hyllar organisk integration, den nationella enheten som ett högre mål än alla andra. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inspirationskällor"><span id="Inspirationsk.C3.A4llor"></span>Inspirationskällor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Inspirationskällor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Inspirationskällor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Starkt relaterat till uppfattningen om nationen som en högre form av kollektiv livsform, som en exklusivt etnisk identitet och som en naturlig organism i kamp för tillvaron, är inspirationen från <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a>. Att stå högre än andra nationer är att vilja mer än andra, och att uttrycka nationell viljekraft blir inte ett medel, utan ett mål i sig. </p><p><i>Action française</i> var starkt antitysk. Sålunda var inte <a href="/wiki/Arthur_de_Gobineau" title="Arthur de Gobineau">Arthur de Gobineau</a> deras inspirationskälla. I <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> var den integrativa nationalismen en separat politisk rörelse, som inte bör sammanblandas med <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">nazism</a>. Reidar Larsson menar att deras nationalism, trots dess tydliga antisemitiska drag, inte var grundad på någon <a href="/wiki/Ras" title="Ras">rasteori</a>. Statsnationalisterna, som de också kallas, ville ha en stark och <a href="/wiki/Auktorit%C3%A4r" class="mw-redirect" title="Auktoritär">auktoritär</a> statsmakt, men förespråkade inte en <a href="/wiki/Totalitarism" title="Totalitarism">totalitär</a> diktatur under en enskild ledare. En viktig tanke var att avgränsa den centrala statsmakten just till maktfunktionerna. Återstoden skulle överlåtas till självstyrande provinser och till <a href="/wiki/Korporation" title="Korporation">korporationer</a>, yrkesorganisationer, sammanbildningar av <a href="/wiki/Fackf%C3%B6rbund" title="Fackförbund">fackförbund</a> och arbetsgivarorganisationer tillhörande samma yrke. </p><p>Maurras såg de antika <a href="/wiki/Romerska_riket" title="Romerska riket">romarna</a> som Frankrikes sanna föregångare. Dessa hade gett fransmännen deras språk, deras religion och många av deras traditioner. Under mellankrigstiden gick visserligen de italienska <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascisterna</a> i spetsen för romantiserandet av <a href="/wiki/Romarriket" class="mw-redirect" title="Romarriket"><i>Imperium Romanum</i></a>, men Rom hade sina beundrare även hos den franska högern, exempelvis i <a href="/wiki/Numa_Denis_Fustel_de_Coulanges" title="Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges">Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges</a>. Maurras förklarade av hela sitt hjärta att han var romare.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><small>f</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/charles-maurras">”Charles MAURRAS | Académie française”</a>. <i><span>www.academie-francaise.fr</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/charles-maurras">https://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/charles-maurras</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 6 maj 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Charles+MAURRAS+%7C+Acad%C3%A9mie+fran%C3%A7aise&rft.atitle=www.academie-francaise.fr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academie-francaise.fr%2Fles-immortels%2Fcharles-maurras&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Charles_Maurras"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-4"><small>e</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/personnage/Charles_Maurras/132376">”Charles Maurras”</a>. Encyclopédie Larousse<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/personnage/Charles_Maurras/132376">https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/personnage/Charles_Maurras/132376</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 10 november 2023</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Charles+Maurras&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A9die+Larousse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.larousse.fr%2Fencyclopedie%2Fpersonnage%2FCharles_Maurras%2F132376&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Charles_Maurras"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Arvidsson 2000, s. 254</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Litteratur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Arvidsson" title="Stefan Arvidsson">Arvidsson, Stefan</a>, <i>Ariska idoler: Den indoeuropeiska mytologin som ideologi och vetenskap</i> (Eslöv: Brutus Östlings Bokförlag Symposion, 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrik_Hall" title="Patrik Hall">Hall, Patrik</a>, <i>Den svenskaste historien: Nationalism i Sverige under sex sekler</i> (Stockholm: Carlsson, 2000)</li> <li>Larsson, Reidar, <i>Politiska ideologier i vår tid</i>, 5:e uppl. (Lund: Studentlitteratur, 1994)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Maurras&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_Maurras" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Charles Maurras">Charles Maurras</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_Maurras" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Charles Maurras">Bilder & media</a></div></li> <li><div style="display: inline;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> Wikiquote har citat av eller om <a href="https://sv.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" class="extiw" title="q:Charles Maurras">Charles Maurras</a>.<div class="interProject wikiquote" style="display:none;"><a href="https://sv.wikiquote.org/wiki/Charles_Maurras" class="extiw" title="q:Charles Maurras">Citat</a></div></div></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox navbox-thlinkcolor" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style="background: #27408b; color: white;;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Konservatism" title="Mall:Konservatism"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Konservatism&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Konservatism" title="Konservatism"><span style="color: white">Konservatism</span></a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Riktningar</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Internationella</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Frihetlig_konservatism" title="Frihetlig konservatism">Frihetlig</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B6n_konservatism" title="Grön konservatism">Grön</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kulturkonservatism" title="Kulturkonservatism">Kultur</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberalkonservatism" title="Liberalkonservatism">Liberal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Medk%C3%A4nnande_konservatism" title="Medkännande konservatism">Medkännande</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Moderat" title="Moderat">Moderat</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nationalkonservatism" title="Nationalkonservatism">National</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Socialkonservatism" title="Socialkonservatism">Social</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ultrakonservatism" title="Ultrakonservatism">Ultra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rdekonservatism" title="Värdekonservatism">Värde</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Nationella</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Action_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Action française">Action française</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Austrofascism" title="Austrofascism">Austrofascism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frankism" title="Frankism">Frankism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gaullism" title="Gaullism">Gaullism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Metaxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Metaxism">Metaxism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Neokonservatism" title="Neokonservatism">Neo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nykonservatism" title="Nykonservatism">Ny</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/One-nation_conservatism" title="One-nation conservatism">One-nation</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paleokonservatism" title="Paleokonservatism">Paleo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Putinism" title="Putinism">Putinism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Radikalkonservatism" title="Radikalkonservatism">Radikal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rexism" title="Rexism">Rexism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Associerade</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">Alt-right</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Klerikal_fascism" title="Klerikal fascism">Klerikal fascism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kommunitarism" title="Kommunitarism">Kommunitarism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Konservativ_liberalism" title="Konservativ liberalism">Konservativ liberalism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Korporativism" title="Korporativism">Korporativism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kristdemokrati" title="Kristdemokrati">Kristdemokrati</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ordoliberalism" title="Ordoliberalism">Ordoliberalism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Radikal_traditionalism" title="Radikal traditionalism">Radikal traditionalism</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="9"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:EdmundBurke1771.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edmund Burke (1729–1797), konservativ portalfigur"><img alt="Edmund Burke (1729–1797), konservativ portalfigur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/EdmundBurke1771.jpg/107px-EdmundBurke1771.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/EdmundBurke1771.jpg/161px-EdmundBurke1771.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/EdmundBurke1771.jpg/214px-EdmundBurke1771.jpg 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jmaistre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joseph de Maistre (1753–1821), konservativ portalfigur"><img alt="Joseph de Maistre (1753–1821), konservativ portalfigur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Jmaistre.jpg/107px-Jmaistre.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Jmaistre.jpg/161px-Jmaistre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Jmaistre.jpg/214px-Jmaistre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="899" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Filosofi</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Principer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritet" title="Auktoritet">Auktoritet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Disciplin" title="Disciplin">Disciplin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elitism" title="Elitism">Elitism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aristokrati" title="Aristokrati">Aristokrati</a> · <a href="/wiki/Meritokrati" title="Meritokrati">Meritokrati</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Familj" title="Familj">Familj</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nsroll" title="Könsroll">Könsroller</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Folk" title="Folk">Folk</a> · <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rf%C3%A4dersdyrkan" title="Förfädersdyrkan">Förfädersdyrkan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heder" title="Heder">Heder</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hierarki" title="Hierarki">Hierarki</a> · <a href="/wiki/Historism" title="Historism">Historism</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur">Kultur</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kulturarv" title="Kulturarv">Arv</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kulturkanon" title="Kulturkanon">Kanon</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Lagstyre" title="Lagstyre">Lagstyre</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lojalitet" title="Lojalitet">Lojalitet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Monarkism" title="Monarkism">Monarkism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rojalism" title="Rojalism">Rojalism</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxi" title="Ortodoxi">Ortodoxi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plikt" title="Plikt">Plikt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Statskyrka" class="mw-redirect" title="Statskyrka">Statskyrka</a> · <a href="/wiki/Suver%C3%A4nitet" title="Suveränitet">Suveränitet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Idéer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Familjen_som_statsmodell" title="Familjen som statsmodell">Familjen som statsmodell</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Folksj%C3%A4l" title="Folksjäl">Folksjäl</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kungad%C3%B6met_av_Guds_n%C3%A5de" title="Kungadömet av Guds nåde">Kungadömet av Guds nåde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nationalkarakt%C3%A4r" title="Nationalkaraktär">Nationalkaraktär</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Oikofobi" title="Oikofobi">Oikofobi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Organismtanken" title="Organismtanken">Organismtanken</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sedlighet_(Hegel)" title="Sedlighet (Hegel)">Sedlighet</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Filosofer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Gu%C3%A9non" title="René Guénon">Guénon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ernst_J%C3%BCnger" title="Ernst Jünger">Jünger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Michael_Oakeshott" title="Michael Oakeshott">Oakeshott</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peterson" title="Jordan Peterson">Peterson</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Scruton</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Verk</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Reflektioner_om_franska_revolutionen" title="Reflektioner om franska revolutionen">Reflektioner om franska revolutionen</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1790)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9nie_du_christianisme" title="Génie du christianisme">Génie du christianisme</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1802)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><i><a href="/wiki/Grundlinien_der_Philosophie_des_Rechts" title="Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts">Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1820)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Politik</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Politiker</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Adenauer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Bismarck</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">De Gasperi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Engelbert_Dollfuss" title="Engelbert Dollfuss">Dollfuss</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">de Gaulle</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Horthy" title="Miklós Horthy">Horthy</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Le Pen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maurras</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klemens_von_Metternich" title="Klemens von Metternich">Metternich</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Powell" title="Enoch Powell">Powell</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">Salazar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Organisationer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gruppen_Europeiska_konservativa_och_reformister" title="Gruppen Europeiska konservativa och reformister">ECR (gruppen)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Europeiska_konservativa_och_reformister" title="Europeiska konservativa och reformister">ECR (partiet)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/European_Democrat_Students" title="European Democrat Students">EDS</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/European_Democrat_Union" title="European Democrat Union">EDU</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Europeiska_folkpartiet" title="Europeiska folkpartiet">EPP</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Internationella_demokratiska_unionen" title="Internationella demokratiska unionen">IDU</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/International_Young_Democrat_Union" title="International Young Democrat Union">IYDU</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Konservativa_partier" title="Kategori:Konservativa partier">Kategori:Konservativa partier</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Konservativa_partiet_(Storbritannien)" title="Konservativa partiet (Storbritannien)">Konservativa partiet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Republikanska_partiet" title="Republikanska partiet">Republikanska partiet</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Historia</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien régime">Ancien régime</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aristokrati" title="Aristokrati">Aristokrati</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bourbonska_restaurationen" title="Bourbonska restaurationen">Bourbonska restaurationen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Heliga_alliansen" title="Heliga alliansen">Heliga alliansen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9anister" title="Orléanister">Orléanister</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A5ndssamh%C3%A4lle" title="Ståndssamhälle">Ståndssamhälle</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ultrarojalister" title="Ultrarojalister">Ultrarojalister</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vitgardist" title="Vitgardist">Vitgardist</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vit_terror" title="Vit terror">Vit terror</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wienkongressen" title="Wienkongressen">Wienkongressen</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Religion</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Konservativ_kristendom" title="Konservativ kristendom">Konservativ kristendom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Kristen_h%C3%B6ger" title="Kristen höger">Kristen höger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Kristen_nationalism" title="Kristen nationalism">Kristen nationalism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Romersk-katolsk_sociall%C3%A4ra" title="Romersk-katolsk sociallära">Romersk-katolsk sociallära</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Romersk-katolsk_traditionalism" title="Romersk-katolsk traditionalism">Romersk-katolsk traditionalism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Traditionella_skolan" title="Traditionella skolan">Traditionella skolan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ultramontanism" title="Ultramontanism">Ultramontanism</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background: #27408b; color: white;;;">Se även</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Den_historiska_skolan" title="Den historiska skolan">Den historiska skolan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gerrealism" title="Högerrealism">Högerrealism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kontrarevolution" title="Kontrarevolution">Kontrarevolution</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Legitimism" title="Legitimism">Legitimism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Lojalist" title="Lojalist">Lojalist</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Politisk_h%C3%B6ger" title="Politisk höger">Politisk höger</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nya_h%C3%B6gern_(kulturr%C3%B6relse)" title="Nya högern (kulturrörelse)">Ny</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Reaktion%C3%A4r" title="Reaktionär">Reaktionär</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Retrogardism" title="Retrogardism">Retrogardism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Romantiken" title="Romantiken">Romantiken</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nationalromantik" title="Nationalromantik">National</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Traditionalism" title="Traditionalism">Traditionalism</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Politisk_filosofi" title="Mall:Politisk filosofi"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Politisk_filosofi&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Politisk_filosofi" title="Politisk filosofi">Politisk filosofi</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Termer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritet" title="Auktoritet">Auktoritet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Egendom" title="Egendom">Egendom</a> • <a href="/wiki/Elit" title="Elit">Elit</a> • <a href="/wiki/Emancipation" title="Emancipation">Emancipation</a> • <a href="/wiki/Folk" title="Folk">Folk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fred" title="Fred">Fred</a> • <a href="/wiki/Frihet" title="Frihet">Frihet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hegemoni" title="Hegemoni">Hegemoni</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hierarki" title="Hierarki">Hierarki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Krig" title="Krig">Krig</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lag" title="Lag">Lag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Legitimitet" title="Legitimitet">Legitimitet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lydnad" title="Lydnad">Lydnad</a> • <a href="/wiki/Makt" title="Makt">Makt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Monopol" title="Monopol">Monopol</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nation" title="Nation">Nation</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plikt" title="Plikt">Plikt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pluralism" title="Pluralism">Pluralism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">Propaganda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Regering" title="Regering">Regering</a> • <a href="/wiki/Revolution" title="Revolution">Revolution</a> • <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ttighet" title="Rättighet">Rättigheter</a> • <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ttvisa" title="Rättvisa">Rättvisa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Samh%C3%A4lle_(sociologi)" title="Samhälle (sociologi)">Samhälle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kontraktualism" title="Kontraktualism">Samhällskontrakt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stat" title="Stat">Stat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Suver%C3%A4nitet" title="Suveränitet">Suveränitet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Utopi" title="Utopi">Utopi</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Statsskick</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Aristokrati" title="Aristokrati">Aristokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Env%C3%A4lde" title="Envälde">Autokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Byr%C3%A5krati" title="Byråkrati">Byråkrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Diktatur" title="Diktatur">Diktatur</a> • <a href="/wiki/Demokrati" title="Demokrati">Demokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gerontokrati" title="Gerontokrati">Gerontokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Meritokrati" title="Meritokrati">Meritokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Monarki" title="Monarki">Monarki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oligarki" title="Oligarki">Oligarki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plutokrati" title="Plutokrati">Plutokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Teknokrati" title="Teknokrati">Teknokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Teokrati" title="Teokrati">Teokrati</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Ideologier</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anarkism" title="Anarkism">Anarkism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ekologism" title="Ekologism">Ekologism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">Feminism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Feodalism" title="Feodalism">Feodalism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kapitalism" title="Kapitalism">Kapitalism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kolonialism" title="Kolonialism">Kolonialism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism">Kommunism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kommunitarism" title="Kommunitarism">Kommunitarism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Konfucianism" title="Konfucianism">Konfucianism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Konservatism" title="Konservatism">Konservatism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Korporativism" title="Korporativism">Korporativism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kristdemokrati" title="Kristdemokrati">Kristdemokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Monarkism" title="Monarkism">Monarkism</a> • <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5ngkultur" title="Mångkultur">Multikulturalism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Republikanism" title="Republikanism">Republikanism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Socialdarwinism" title="Socialdarwinism">Socialdarwinism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Socialdemokrati" title="Socialdemokrati">Socialdemokrati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tredje_v%C3%A4gens_politik" title="Tredje vägens politik">Tredje vägen</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Teorier</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bellum_omnium_contra_omnes" title="Bellum omnium contra omnes">Bellum omnium contra omnes</a></i> • <a href="/wiki/Civilisationernas_kamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Civilisationernas kamp">Civilisationernas kamp</a> • <a href="/wiki/Familjen_som_statsmodell" title="Familjen som statsmodell">Familjen som statsmodell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Folkhemmet" title="Folkhemmet">Folkhemmet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kungad%C3%B6met_av_Guds_n%C3%A5de" title="Kungadömet av Guds nåde">Kungadömet av Guds nåde</a> • <a href="/wiki/Majoritetsf%C3%B6rtryck" title="Majoritetsförtryck">Majoritetsförtryck</a> • <a href="/wiki/Maktdelningsprincipen" title="Maktdelningsprincipen">Maktdelning</a> • <a href="/wiki/Maktbalans" title="Maktbalans">Maktbalans</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nattv%C3%A4ktarstat" title="Nattväktarstat">Nattväktarstat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Naturr%C3%A4tt" title="Naturrätt">Naturrätt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Naturtillst%C3%A5nd" title="Naturtillstånd">Naturtillstånd</a> • <a href="/wiki/Negativa_och_positiva_r%C3%A4ttigheter" title="Negativa och positiva rättigheter">Negativa och positiva rättigheter</a> • <i><a href="/wiki/Noblesse_oblige" class="mw-redirect" title="Noblesse oblige">Noblesse oblige</a></i> • <a href="/wiki/Ursprungspositionen" title="Ursprungspositionen">Okunnighetens slöja</a> • <a href="/wiki/Organismtanken" title="Organismtanken">Organismtanken</a> • <a href="/wiki/Overton-f%C3%B6nstret" title="Overton-fönstret">Overton-fönstret</a> • <a href="/wiki/Samh%C3%A4llskontrakt" class="mw-redirect" title="Samhällskontrakt">Samhällskontrakt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Statolatri" title="Statolatri">Statolatri</a> • <a href="/wiki/Triangulering_(politik)" title="Triangulering (politik)">Triangulering</a> • <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5gm%C3%A4stare_(politik)" title="Vågmästare (politik)">Vågmästare</a> • <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5ldsmonopol" title="Våldsmonopol">Våldsmonopol</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C3%84del_l%C3%B6gn" title="Ädel lögn">Ädel lögn</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C3%96ppet_samh%C3%A4lle" title="Öppet samhälle">Öppet samhälle</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Filosofer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Antiken</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chanakya" title="Chanakya">Chanakya</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a> • <a href="/wiki/Han_Feizi" title="Han Feizi">Han Feizi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Konfucius" title="Konfucius">Konfucius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mencius" title="Mencius">Mencius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mozi" title="Mozi">Mozi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shang_Yang" title="Shang Yang">Shang</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sun_Zi" title="Sun Zi">Sun Zi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thukydides" title="Thukydides">Thukydides</a> • <a href="/wiki/Xenofon" title="Xenofon">Xenofon</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Medeltiden</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Al_Farabi" title="Al Farabi">Al Farabi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_av_Aquino" title="Thomas av Aquino">Aquino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Averro%C3%ABs" title="Averroës">Averroës</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Bruni" title="Leonardo Bruni">Bruni</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gelasius_I" title="Gelasius I">Gelasius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ghazali" title="Mohammad Ghazali">Ghazali</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun" title="Ibn Khaldun">Ibn Khaldun</a> • <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a> • <a href="/wiki/William_Ockham" title="William Ockham">Ockham</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Tidigmodern tid</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_de_La_Bo%C3%A9tie" title="Étienne de La Boétie">Boétie</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bodin" title="Jean Bodin">Bodin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jacques-B%C3%A9nigne_Bossuet" title="Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet">Bossuet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jean_Calvin" title="Jean Calvin">Calvin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Grotius" title="Hugo Grotius">Grotius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobbes</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a> • <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Machiavelli</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">Milton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a> • <a href="/wiki/Samuel_von_Pufendorf" title="Samuel von Pufendorf">Pufendorf</a> • <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Spinoza</a> • <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Francisco Suárez">Suárez</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">17- och 18-<br />hundratalen</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Michail_Bakunin" title="Michail Bakunin">Bakunin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bastiat" title="Frédéric Bastiat">Bastiat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Bentham</a> • <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Comte</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_de_Condorcet" title="Nicolas de Condorcet">Condorcet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> • <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a> • <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Fourier</a> • <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a> • <a href="/wiki/William_Godwin" title="William Godwin">Godwin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried Herder">Herder</a> • <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">Hume</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Iqbal" title="Mohammad Iqbal">Iqbal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Le_Bon" title="Gustave Le Bon">Le Bon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">Mill</a> • <a href="/wiki/Charles-Louis_de_Secondat_Montesquieu" title="Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Owen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Paine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Renan" title="Ernest Renan">Renan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Saint-Simon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Smith</a> • <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Spencer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">de Staël</a> • <a href="/wiki/Max_Stirner" title="Max Stirner">Stirner</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Taine" title="Hippolyte Taine">Taine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a> • <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">19- och 20-<br />hundratalen</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Agamben" title="Giorgio Agamben">Agamben</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bhimrao_Ramji_Ambedkar" title="Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Arendt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Aron" title="Raymond Aron">Aron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alain_de_Benoist" title="Alain de Benoist">Benoist</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky</a> • <a href="/wiki/W.E.B._Du_Bois" title="W.E.B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dugin" title="Aleksandr Dugin">Dugin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Julius_Evola" title="Julius Evola">Evola</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Foucault</a> • <a href="/wiki/Erich_Fromm" title="Erich Fromm">Fromm</a> • <a href="/wiki/Francis_Fukuyama" title="Francis Fukuyama">Fukuyama</a> • <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gentile" title="Giovanni Gentile">Gentile</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Gu%C3%A9non" title="René Guénon">Guénon</a> • <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas" title="Jürgen Habermas">Habermas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Hayek" title="Friedrich von Hayek">Hayek</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington">Huntington</a> • <a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Kropotkin" title="Pjotr Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a> • <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maurras</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises" title="Ludwig von Mises">Mises</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Nozick" title="Robert Nozick">Nozick</a> • <a href="/wiki/Martha_Nussbaum" title="Martha Nussbaum">Nussbaum</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Oakeshott" title="Michael Oakeshott">Oakeshott</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset" title="José Ortega y Gasset">Ortega</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto" title="Vilfredo Pareto">Pareto</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Popper</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Qutb" title="Sayyid Qutb">Qutb</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Rand</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Rawls" title="John Rawls">Rawls</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6pke" title="Wilhelm Röpke">Röpke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Murray_Rothbard" title="Murray Rothbard">Rothbard</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Scruton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georges_Sorel" title="Georges Sorel">Sorel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Spengler</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Weber</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Verk</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Staten_(Platon)" title="Staten (Platon)">Staten</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(ca 375 f.Kr.)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Politiken" title="Politiken">Politiken</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(ca 350 f.Kr.)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Fursten" title="Fursten">Fursten</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1532)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Leviathan_(Thomas_Hobbes)" title="Leviathan (Thomas Hobbes)">Leviathan</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1651)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/De_l%27esprit_des_lois" title="De l'esprit des lois">Om lagarnas anda</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1748)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Om_samh%C3%A4llsf%C3%B6rdraget" title="Om samhällsfördraget">Om samhällsfördraget</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1762)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Reflektioner_om_franska_revolutionen" title="Reflektioner om franska revolutionen">Reflektioner om franska revolutionen</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1790)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Grundlinien_der_Philosophie_des_Rechts" title="Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts">Rättsfilosofins grunddrag</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1820)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Kommunistiska_manifestet" title="Kommunistiska manifestet">Kommunistiska manifestet</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1848)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Om_friheten" title="Om friheten">Om friheten</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1859)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Massornas_uppror" title="Massornas uppror">Massornas uppror</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1929)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4gen_till_tr%C3%A4ldom" title="Vägen till träldom">Vägen till träldom</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1944)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/Det_%C3%B6ppna_samh%C3%A4llet_och_dess_fiender" title="Det öppna samhället och dess fiender">Det öppna samhället och dess fiender</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1945)</span> • <i><a href="/wiki/En_teori_om_r%C3%A4ttvisa" title="En teori om rättvisa">En teori om rättvisa</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1971)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Se även</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritarianism" title="Auktoritarianism">Auktoritarianism</a> • <a href="/wiki/De_politiska_id%C3%A9ernas_historia" title="De politiska idéernas historia">De politiska idéernas historia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Egalitarism" title="Egalitarism">Egalitarism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ekonomikritik" title="Ekonomikritik">Ekonomikritik</a> • <a href="/wiki/Elitism" title="Elitism">Elitism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Elitteori" title="Elitteori">Elitteori</a> • <a href="/wiki/GAL%E2%80%93TAN" title="GAL–TAN">GAL–TAN</a> • <a href="/wiki/Politiskt_spektrum" title="Politiskt spektrum">Politiskt spektrum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Politisk_v%C3%A4nster" title="Politisk vänster">Vänster</a> • <a href="/wiki/Politisk_mitt" title="Politisk mitt">Mitt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Politisk_h%C3%B6ger" title="Politisk höger">Höger</a>) • <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ttsfilosofi" title="Rättsfilosofi">Rättsfilosofi</a> • <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ttsvetenskap" title="Rättsvetenskap">Rättsvetenskap</a> • <a href="/wiki/Separatism_(statsvetenskap)" title="Separatism (statsvetenskap)">Separatism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Etatism" title="Etatism">Statism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Totalitarism" title="Totalitarism">Totalitarism</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Politisk_filosofi" title="Kategori:Politisk filosofi">Kategori:Politisk filosofi</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"><table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist auktoritetsdata navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritetsdata" title="Auktoritetsdata">Auktoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n80008730">WorldCat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/14654">14654</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80008730">n80008730</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/0000000121171552">0000 0001 2117 1552</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/118782673">118782673</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Libris_XL" title="Libris XL">Libris XL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//libris.kb.se/75kmnglr4wkkzzd">75kmnglr4wkkzzd</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//libris.kb.se/katalogisering/search/libris?_limit=20&o=https%3A%2F%2Flibris.kb.se%2F75kmnglr4wkkzzd%23it">Katalogiserade verk.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//libris.kb.se/katalogisering/search/libris?_limit=20&o=https%3A%2F%2Flibris.kb.se%2F75kmnglr4wkkzzd%23it&p=contribution.agent.%40id&p=instanceOf.contribution.agent.%40id">Andra katalogiserade bidrag.</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/027019195">027019195</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11915277d">cb11915277d</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11915277d">(data)</a></span> • <a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" 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