CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Musarrat Warsi - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="KEw8ZVraugymgSjr56hEVKBvuQhhEn1uuRHaRwj0QLYHi7Cq2RMbypwF40pgqM_2PF43mHjeSNH9DmnkSlvuCg" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-3d36c19b4875b226bfed0fcba1dcea3f2fe61148383d97c0465c016b8c969290.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-79e78ce59bef0a338eb6540ec3d93b4a7952115b56c57f1760943128f4544d42.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-95367dc03b794f6737f30123738a886cf53b7a65cdef98a922a98591d60063e3.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-bfbac2a470372e2f3a6661a65fa7ff0a0fbf7aa32534d9a831d683d2a6f9e01b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-170d1319f0e354621e81ca17054bb147da2856ec0702fe440a99af314a6338c5.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="author" content="musarrat warsi" /> <meta name="description" content="Musarrat Warsi: 16 Followers, 11 Following, 15 Research papers. Research interests: Chemistry and Biochemistry, Quantum Chemistry, and Química." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '075e914b9e16164113b5b9afd7238a56a7292942'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14035,"monthly_visitors":"102 million","monthly_visitor_count":102411812,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":102,"user_count":283253509,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740042755000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740042755000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-40698df34f913bd208bb70f09d2feb7c6286046250be17a4db35bba2c08b0e2f.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-6145545f49b709c1199990a76c559bd4c35429284884cbcb3cf7f1916215e941.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5e022a2ab081599fcedc76886fa95a606f8073416cae1641695a9906c9a80b81.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-8e43dbfb783947b05fb193bb4a981fdefb46b9285b0cade100b20d38357a3356.js" defer="defer"></script><script>$viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png","has_photo":false,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":107104,"name":"Chemistry and Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry_and_Biochemistry"},{"id":529,"name":"Quantum Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Chemistry"},{"id":108675,"name":"Química","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qu%C3%ADmica"},{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics"},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi","location":"/MusarratWarsi","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/MusarratWarsi","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-a26b8683-b1c9-449c-8dac-3575819f7052"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-a26b8683-b1c9-449c-8dac-3575819f7052"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Musarrat Warsi</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Musarrat" data-follow-user-id="33309160" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="33309160"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">16</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">11</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">8</p></div></a><div class="js-mentions-count-container" style="display: none;"><a href="/MusarratWarsi/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data"></p></div></a></div><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://saic.academia.edu/JElkins"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="James Elkins" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/15483/5205/5067/s200_james.elkins.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://saic.academia.edu/JElkins">James Elkins</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">School of the Art Institute of Chicago</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://sfu-kras.academia.edu/OlegVorobyev"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Oleg Yu Vorobyev" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/38890/12977/347919/s200_oleg.vorobyev.gif" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://sfu-kras.academia.edu/OlegVorobyev">Oleg Yu Vorobyev</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Siberian Federal University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://cria.academia.edu/ArmandoMarquesGuedes"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Armando Marques-Guedes" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/134181/3401094/148494125/s200_armando.marques-guedes.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://cria.academia.edu/ArmandoMarquesGuedes">Armando Marques-Guedes</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">UNL - New University of Lisbon</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://pennstate.academia.edu/GordonFleming"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Gordon N Fleming" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" src="https://gravatar.com/avatar/20ac24d528651a5e3946a52fd13ebde0?s=200" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://pennstate.academia.edu/GordonFleming">Gordon N Fleming</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Pennsylvania State University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://sxu-cn.academia.edu/ShanGao"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Shan Gao" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1319988/486847/612924/s200_shan.gao.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://sxu-cn.academia.edu/ShanGao">Shan Gao</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Shanxi University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://juniv.academia.edu/MdKamalHossain"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Md Kamal Hossain" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3113784/1023038/15814332/s200_md_kamal.hossain.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://juniv.academia.edu/MdKamalHossain">Md Kamal Hossain</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Jahangirnagar University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://stanford.academia.edu/JonathanMaltz"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Jonathan D Maltz" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/5102588/2232753/15781026/s200_jonathan.maltz.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://stanford.academia.edu/JonathanMaltz">Jonathan D Maltz</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Stanford University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://cbpf.academia.edu/FranciscoCaruso"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Francisco Caruso" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/6368814/3937911/18738783/s200_francisco.caruso.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://cbpf.academia.edu/FranciscoCaruso">Francisco Caruso</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://rmlau-in.academia.edu/VishnuKumar"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Vishnu Kumar" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/6754117/2638787/35759388/s200_vishnu.kumar.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://rmlau-in.academia.edu/VishnuKumar">Vishnu Kumar</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya Avadh University Faizabad</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://tifr.academia.edu/MayankVahia"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Mayank Vahia" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7661339/47743569/36473881/s200_mayank.vahia.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://tifr.academia.edu/MayankVahia">Mayank Vahia</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Tata Institute of Fundamental Research</p></div></div></ul></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33309160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry_and_Biochemistry"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi","location":"/MusarratWarsi","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/MusarratWarsi","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Chemistry and Biochemistry"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-9d79e4c9-71e0-4323-9a5b-f26ded89eef5"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-9d79e4c9-71e0-4323-9a5b-f26ded89eef5"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33309160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Chemistry"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Quantum Chemistry"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-36d1be4d-5962-41a5-8938-0799a7096f94"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-36d1be4d-5962-41a5-8938-0799a7096f94"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33309160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qu%C3%ADmica"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Química"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-1672d1e1-826c-4a52-b41e-99cb49582c7b"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-1672d1e1-826c-4a52-b41e-99cb49582c7b"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33309160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Particle Physics"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-796fa1e4-4437-4e47-85ae-09b3aacd0e56"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-796fa1e4-4437-4e47-85ae-09b3aacd0e56"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33309160" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Astrophysics"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-6aa99f53-06fa-435e-bb5d-cc7a18455bf3"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-6aa99f53-06fa-435e-bb5d-cc7a18455bf3"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Musarrat Warsi</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14392606"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14392606/Quantification_of_curcumin_demethoxycurcumin_and_bisdemethoxycurcumin_in_rodent_brain_by_UHPLC_ESI_Q_TOF_MS_MS_after_intra_nasal_administration_of_curcuminoids_loaded_PNIPAM_nanoparticles"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS after intra-nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14392606/Quantification_of_curcumin_demethoxycurcumin_and_bisdemethoxycurcumin_in_rodent_brain_by_UHPLC_ESI_Q_TOF_MS_MS_after_intra_nasal_administration_of_curcuminoids_loaded_PNIPAM_nanoparticles">Quantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS after intra-nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://iabfu.academia.edu/NiyazAhmad">Niyaz Ahmad</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drug Testing and Analysis</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-synapt mass spectrometric...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-synapt mass spectrometric method (UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) for the analysis of curcumin (Cur), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) in Wistar rat brain homogenate was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 (2.1mm × 100 mm; 1.7μm) column using isocratic mobile phase, consisting of acetonitrile: 10mM ammonium formate: formic acid (90:10:0.05v/v/v), at a flow rate of 0.2 ml min(-1) . The transitions occurred at m/z 367.0694/217.0598, 337.0717/173.0910, 307.0760/187.0844 for Cur, DMC, BDMC and m/z 307.0344/229.0677 for the IS (Nimesulide) respectively. The recovery of the analytes from Wistar rat brain homogenate was optimized using liquid-liquid extraction technique (LLE) in (ethyl acetate: chloform) mixture. The total run time was 3.0 min and the elution of Cur, DMC, BDMC occurred at 1.6, 1.75, 1.70 min, and for the IS 1.87 min, respectively. The linear dynamic range was established over the concentration range of 1.00 ng mL(-1) to 1000.0 ng mL(-1) (r(2) ; 0.9909 ± 0.0011, 0.9911 ± 0.003, and 0.9919 ± 0.0013) for Cur, DMC, and BDMC, respectively. The intra and inter-assay accuracy in terms of % CV for Cur, DMC, and BDMC was in the range 0.47-2.20, 0.47-1.65, and0.44-2.70, respectively. The lower limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) for Cur, DMC, and BDMC were 0.46, 0.05, 0.16 ng mL(-1) and 0.153, 0.015, 0.052 ng mL(-1) , respectively. Analytes were stable and the method proved to be accurate (recovery, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;85%), specific and was applied to evaluate the Cur, DMC, BDMC loaded PNIPAM NPs as vehicles for nose to brain drug delivery.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14392606"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14392606"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14392606; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14392606]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14392606]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14392606; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14392606']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14392606]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14392606,"title":"Quantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS after intra-nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14392606/Quantification_of_curcumin_demethoxycurcumin_and_bisdemethoxycurcumin_in_rodent_brain_by_UHPLC_ESI_Q_TOF_MS_MS_after_intra_nasal_administration_of_curcuminoids_loaded_PNIPAM_nanoparticles","owner_id":33336936,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33336936,"first_name":"Niyaz","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"NiyazAhmad","domain_name":"iabfu","created_at":"2015-07-25T18:03:19.360-07:00","display_name":"Niyaz Ahmad","url":"https://iabfu.academia.edu/NiyazAhmad"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316569"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316569/Development_of_Poly_Lactide_Co_Glycolide_Nanodispersions_for_Enhanced_Ocular_Delivery_of_Moxifloxacin"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development of Poly Lactide-Co-Glycolide Nanodispersions for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Moxifloxacin" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316569/Development_of_Poly_Lactide_Co_Glycolide_Nanodispersions_for_Enhanced_Ocular_Delivery_of_Moxifloxacin">Development of Poly Lactide-Co-Glycolide Nanodispersions for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Moxifloxacin</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NirmalJayabalan">Nirmal Jayabalan</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Science of Advanced Materials</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT In the present work we developed and optimized moxifloxacin loaded PLGA nanodispersions ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT In the present work we developed and optimized moxifloxacin loaded PLGA nanodispersions for enhanced ocular delivery of moxifloxacin. The optimized nanodispersions were prepared by double emulsification solvent evaporation method using high pressure homogenizer (500 bar pressure, 2 cycles) to homogenize primary emulsion. Particle size of nanodispersion was found to be dependent on PLGA concentration, PLGA:drug ratio, PVA concentration and W:O phase volume ratio whereas drug encapsulation was related to PLGA concentration and PLGA:drug ratio. Encapsulation efficiency of optimized nanodispersion was 62.5% with a mean particle size of around 118.5 nm which makes them a suitable candidate for ocular administration. Drug release kinetic studies indicate a sustained release profile of moxifloxacin from nanodispersions. In addition, in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that PLGA nanodispersions were non irritant, prevent ocular drainage of moxifloxacin with enhanced ocular bioavailability by 3-fold.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316569"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316569"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316569; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316569]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316569]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316569; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316569']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316569]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316569,"title":"Development of Poly Lactide-Co-Glycolide Nanodispersions for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Moxifloxacin","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316569/Development_of_Poly_Lactide_Co_Glycolide_Nanodispersions_for_Enhanced_Ocular_Delivery_of_Moxifloxacin","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316566"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316566/UPLC_Q_TOF_MS_MS_method_for_evaluation_of_moxifloxacin_loaded_nanoplexes_as_vehicles_for_ocular_drug_delivery"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded nanoplexes as vehicles for ocular drug delivery" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316566/UPLC_Q_TOF_MS_MS_method_for_evaluation_of_moxifloxacin_loaded_nanoplexes_as_vehicles_for_ocular_drug_delivery">UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded nanoplexes as vehicles for ocular drug delivery</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://iabfu.academia.edu/NiyazAhmad">Niyaz Ahmad</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A simple, sensitive and selective ultra performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method with qua...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A simple, sensitive and selective ultra performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method with quadrapole-time of flight-mass spectrometric (Q-TOF-MS/MS) detection was developed for the determination of moxifloxacin (moxi) in rabbit aqueous humor. After a simple protein-precipitation by acetonitrile, the post-treatment samples were separated on a UPLC Bridged Ethyl Hybrid (BEH) C-18 column with 0.1% formic acid in water as a mobile phase</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316566"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316566"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316566; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316566]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316566]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316566; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316566']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316566]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316566,"title":"UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded nanoplexes as vehicles for ocular drug delivery","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316566/UPLC_Q_TOF_MS_MS_method_for_evaluation_of_moxifloxacin_loaded_nanoplexes_as_vehicles_for_ocular_drug_delivery","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316562"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316562/Dorzolamide_loaded_PLGA_vitamin_E_TPGS_nanoparticles_for_glaucoma_therapy_Pharmacoscintigraphy_study_and_evaluation_of_extended_ocular_hypotensive_effect_in_rabbits"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316562/Dorzolamide_loaded_PLGA_vitamin_E_TPGS_nanoparticles_for_glaucoma_therapy_Pharmacoscintigraphy_study_and_evaluation_of_extended_ocular_hypotensive_effect_in_rabbits">Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Poor drug penetration and rapid clearance after topical instillation of a drug formulation into t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Poor drug penetration and rapid clearance after topical instillation of a drug formulation into the eyes are the major causes for the lower ocular bioavailability from conventional eye drops. Along with this, poor encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic drug in polymeric nanoparticles remains a major formulation challenge. Taking this perspective into consideration, dorzolamide (DZ)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were developed employing two different emulsifiers (PVA and vitamin E TPGS) and the effects of various formulation and process variables on particle size and encapsulation efficiency were assessed. Nanoparticles emulsified with vitamin E TPGS (DZ-T-NPs) were found to possess enhanced drug encapsulation (59.8±6.1%) as compared to those developed with PVA as emulsifier (DZ-P-NPs). Transcorneal permeation study revealed a significant enhancement in permeation (1.8-2.5 fold) as compared to solution. In addition, ex vivo biodistribution study showed a higher concentration of drug in the aqueous humour (1.5-2.3 fold). Histological and IR-camera studies proved the non-irritant potential of the formulations. Pharmacoscintigraphic studies revealed the reduced corneal clearance, as well as naso-lachrymal drainage in comparison to drug solution. Furthermore, efficacy study revealed that DZ-P-NPs and DZ-T-NPs significantly reduced the intraocular pressure by 22.81% and 29.12%, respectively, after a single topical instillation into the eye.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316562"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316562"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316562; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316562]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316562]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316562; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316562']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316562]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316562,"title":"Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316562/Dorzolamide_loaded_PLGA_vitamin_E_TPGS_nanoparticles_for_glaucoma_therapy_Pharmacoscintigraphy_study_and_evaluation_of_extended_ocular_hypotensive_effect_in_rabbits","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316561"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316561/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_delivery_of_proteins_and_peptides_and_their_clinical_perspectives"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A review on the strategies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides and their clinical perspectives" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327429/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316561/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_delivery_of_proteins_and_peptides_and_their_clinical_perspectives">A review on the strategies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides and their clinical perspectives</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the modern world, a number of therapeutic proteins such as vaccines, antigens, and hormones ar...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the modern world, a number of therapeutic proteins such as vaccines, antigens, and hormones are being developed utilizing different sophisticated biotechnological techniques like recombinant DNA technology and protein purification. However, the major glitches in the optimal utilization of therapeutic proteins and peptides by the oral route are their extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism, degradation in the gastrointestinal tract (presence of enzymes and pH-dependent factors), large molecular size and poor permeation. These problems can be overcome by adopting techniques such as chemical transformation of protein structures, enzyme inhibitors, mucoadhesive polymers and permeation enhancers. Being invasive, parenteral route is inconvenient for the administration of protein and peptides, several research endeavors have been undertaken to formulate a better delivery system for proteins and peptides with major emphasis on non-invasive routes such as oral, transdermal, vaginal, rectal, pulmonary and intrauterine. This review article emphasizes on the recent advancements made in the delivery of protein and peptides by a non-invasive (peroral) route into the body.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e56da9997362c0d9acb003dd1367d604" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44327429,"asset_id":14316561,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327429/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316561"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316561"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316561; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316561]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316561]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316561; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316561']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e56da9997362c0d9acb003dd1367d604" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316561]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316561,"title":"A review on the strategies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides and their clinical perspectives","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316561/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_delivery_of_proteins_and_peptides_and_their_clinical_perspectives","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":44327429,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327429/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli20160402-30507-17ddmhg.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327429/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44327429/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli20160402-30507-17ddmhg-libre.pdf?1459606227=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli.pdf\u0026Expires=1740041674\u0026Signature=gej8oLsI4i9l6rHVMpExrHSg7o-98IqJNH7-Wv013JLejmJnIdnadZhm0QVK9wmeLQbM~pWnzNjVnQJVlBy300k7yq~aqBsOhCv-6~r8bg2alMd9sflIUy3HcLuy-7wFRE7o0FhMGP5I1GsmljQS52AOm4Pu0Ne3eTZIQf2x9nReocY1xaQXjATBqZeq~OwQ0lZGhp8cJoLVJJvElHhAqlctFtovdBPsZou3Hponl~9voT83N1nrnesKOzydKsDBS22Zat-G4TmazwMzu9cw5vZ6a4Idna3vHt4SeuXDBlwtEh64hHfNB6qinQCmLvnileiTFPNOG2WXk8aYVEvc9A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14364556"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364556/Transformation_of_Curcumin_from_Food_Additive_to_Multifunctional_Medicine_Nanotechnology_Bridging_the_Gap"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transformation of Curcumin from Food Additive to Multifunctional Medicine: Nanotechnology Bridging the Gap" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364556/Transformation_of_Curcumin_from_Food_Additive_to_Multifunctional_Medicine_Nanotechnology_Bridging_the_Gap">Transformation of Curcumin from Food Additive to Multifunctional Medicine: Nanotechnology Bridging the Gap</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RahmanMahfoozur">Mahfoozur Rahman</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Current Drug Discovery Technologies</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow-coloured polyphenolic compound obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma l...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow-coloured polyphenolic compound obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. In-depth pharmacological screening of curcumin has given the evidence that CUR persuades shielding and curative effects against various cancers, cardiovascular, wound healing effect and neuro disorders etc owning to anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and antimicrobial activities. However, miserable bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility limits the application of CUR in various ailments. Different methodologies including the nanoparticle technology have been reported for the bioavailability enhancement of CUR. Nanoparticles exhibit not only the improvement in the solubility of CUR and alike lipophilic molecules (resulted in improved bioavailability) but also giving the opportunity for the disease specific cellular and organ targeting. Improved bioavailability and disease based site specific delivery of CUR is more likely to bring it as a safe multifunctional medicine.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14364556"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14364556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364556]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14364556']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14364556]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14364556,"title":"Transformation of Curcumin from Food Additive to Multifunctional Medicine: Nanotechnology Bridging the Gap","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14364556/Transformation_of_Curcumin_from_Food_Additive_to_Multifunctional_Medicine_Nanotechnology_Bridging_the_Gap","owner_id":33309160,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316556"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316556/ORAL_PHARMACOKINETIC_STUDY_OF_EXEMESTANE_SMEDDS_AND_SUSPENSION_IN_RAT_PLASMA_BY_LIQUID_CHROMATOGRAPHY_MASS_SPECTROMETRIC_ANALYSIS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ORAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF EXEMESTANE SMEDDS AND SUSPENSION IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316556/ORAL_PHARMACOKINETIC_STUDY_OF_EXEMESTANE_SMEDDS_AND_SUSPENSION_IN_RAT_PLASMA_BY_LIQUID_CHROMATOGRAPHY_MASS_SPECTROMETRIC_ANALYSIS">ORAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF EXEMESTANE SMEDDS AND SUSPENSION IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To evaluate the bioavailability of exemestane (EXM) from self-microemulsifying drug delivery syst...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To evaluate the bioavailability of exemestane (EXM) from self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and suspension formulations, a sensitive, specific and rapid liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric method was developed and validated. The analyte was extracted from plasma samples and detected by mass spectrometry with an atmospheric pressure positive-ion chemical ionization (APCI) mode using a heated nebulizer interface. Progesterone (PGS) was used as</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316556"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316556]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316556']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316556]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316556,"title":"ORAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF EXEMESTANE SMEDDS AND SUSPENSION IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316556/ORAL_PHARMACOKINETIC_STUDY_OF_EXEMESTANE_SMEDDS_AND_SUSPENSION_IN_RAT_PLASMA_BY_LIQUID_CHROMATOGRAPHY_MASS_SPECTROMETRIC_ANALYSIS","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316546"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316546/Dual_approach_utilizing_self_microemulsifying_technique_and_novel_P_gp_inhibitor_for_effective_delivery_of_taxanes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316546/Dual_approach_utilizing_self_microemulsifying_technique_and_novel_P_gp_inhibitor_for_effective_delivery_of_taxanes">Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Microencapsulation</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the present work, concomitant use of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the present work, concomitant use of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and a novel third-generation P-gp inhibitor, GF120918 (elacridar), for the effective transport of taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) across an in vitro model of the intestinal epithelium and uptake into tumor cells were investigated. On the basis of solubility studies and ternary phase diagrams, different SMEDDS formulations of taxanes were prepared and characterized. In caco-2 cell permeation study, paclitaxel-loaded SMEDDS along with GF120918 showed a four-fold increase in apparent permeability, while docetaxel-loaded SMEDDS in combination with GF120918 showed a nine-fold increase in permeability, as compared to plain drug solution. Cell uptake studies on A549 cells were performed with microemulsions formed from both SMEDDS formulations loaded with rhodamine 123 dye and showed good uptake than plain dye solution. Confocal laser scanning microscopic images further confirmed the higher uptake of both SMEDDS formulations in the presence of GF120918.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316546"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316546"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316546; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316546]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316546]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316546; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316546']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316546]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316546,"title":"Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316546/Dual_approach_utilizing_self_microemulsifying_technique_and_novel_P_gp_inhibitor_for_effective_delivery_of_taxanes","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14364555"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364555/VALIDATED_STABILITY_INDICATING_RP_HPLC_METHOD_FOR_THE_ESTIMATION_OF_LINEZOLID_IN_A_PHARMACEUTICAL_DOSAGE_FORM"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LINEZOLID IN A PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364555/VALIDATED_STABILITY_INDICATING_RP_HPLC_METHOD_FOR_THE_ESTIMATION_OF_LINEZOLID_IN_A_PHARMACEUTICAL_DOSAGE_FORM">VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LINEZOLID IN A PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination and stability evaluation of linezolid in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Separation of linezolid was successfully achieved on a C-18 column utilizing water: ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14364555"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14364555"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364555; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364555]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364555]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364555; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14364555']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14364555]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14364555,"title":"VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LINEZOLID IN A PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14364555/VALIDATED_STABILITY_INDICATING_RP_HPLC_METHOD_FOR_THE_ESTIMATION_OF_LINEZOLID_IN_A_PHARMACEUTICAL_DOSAGE_FORM","owner_id":33309160,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316541"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316541/Nano_vectors_for_the_ocular_delivery_of_nucleic_acid_based_therapeutics"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316541/Nano_vectors_for_the_ocular_delivery_of_nucleic_acid_based_therapeutics">Nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Nucleic acid-based therapeutics have gained a lot of interest for the treatment of diverse ophtha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Nucleic acid-based therapeutics have gained a lot of interest for the treatment of diverse ophthalmic pathologies. The first to enter in clinic has been an oligonucleotide, Vitravene(®) for the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection. More recently, research on aptamers for the treatment of age related macular degeneration has led to the development of Macugen(®). Despite intense potential, effective ocular delivery of nucleic acids is a major challenge since therapeutic targets for nucleic acid-based drugs are mainly located in the posterior eye segment, requiring repeated invasive administration. Of late, nanotechnology-based nano-vectors have been developed in order to overcome the drawbacks of viral and other non-viral vectors. The diversity of nano-vectors allows for ease of use, flexibility in application, low-cost of production, higher transfection efficiency and enhanced genomic safety. Using nano-vector strategies, nucleic acids can be delivered either encapsulated or complexed with cationic lipids, polymers or peptides forming sustained release systems, which can be tailored according to the ocular tissue being targeted. The present review focuses on developments and advances in various nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics, the barriers that such delivery systems face and methods to overcome them.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316541"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316541"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316541; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316541]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316541]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316541; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316541']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316541]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316541,"title":"Nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316541/Nano_vectors_for_the_ocular_delivery_of_nucleic_acid_based_therapeutics","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316536"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316536/Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_chitosan_atorvastatin_conjugate_after_oral_administration_to_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327387/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316536/Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_chitosan_atorvastatin_conjugate_after_oral_administration_to_rats">Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A novel approach to improve the bioavailability and stability of atorvastatin (AT) was developed ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A novel approach to improve the bioavailability and stability of atorvastatin (AT) was developed by constructing a nano-sized polymer-atorvastatin conjugate. Firstly, a novel chitosan-atorvastatin (CH-AT) conjugate was efficiently synthesized through amide coupling reaction. The formation of conjugate was confirmed by 1 H NMR and FT-IR spectrometry. Nano-sized conjugate with a mean size of 215.3 ± 14.2 nm was prepared by the process of high pressure homogenization (HPH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that CH-AT nano-conjugate possess smooth surface whereas X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra demonstrated amorphous nature of nano-conjugate. Further, CH-AT nano-conjugate showed solubility enhancement of nearly 4-fold and 100-fold compared to CH-AT conjugate and pure AT, respectively. In vitro drug release studies in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid suggested sustained release of AT from the conjugate. Additionally, the nano-conjugate significantly reduced the acidic degradation of AT. The plasma-concentration time profile of AT after oral administration of CH-AT nano-conjugate (2574 ± 95.4 ng/mL) to rat exhibited nearly 5-fold increase in bioavailability compared with AT suspension (583 ± 55.5 ng/mL). Finally, variable bioavailability, as observed for AT suspension was also reduced when AT was administered in form of CH-AT nano-conjugate. Taken together these data demonstrate that chitosan conjugate nano-prodrugs may be used as sustained polymeric prodrugs for enhancing bioavailability.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="77052481d20c6e423fd27b19edb7c717" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44327387,"asset_id":14316536,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327387/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316536"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316536"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316536; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316536]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316536]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316536; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316536']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "77052481d20c6e423fd27b19edb7c717" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316536]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316536,"title":"Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316536/Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_chitosan_atorvastatin_conjugate_after_oral_administration_to_rats","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":44327387,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327387/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.ejps.2011.08.001.pdf20160402-22745-8phw5f","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327387/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44327387/j.ejps.2011.08.001-libre.pdf20160402-22745-8phw5f?1459606227=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1739480749\u0026Signature=Rp3hGOhrtoD6~dDTMJwyXXG7IvhauyI9GWY95DJoEEYUIyyGWEp4j4kkeaMTdeCwzZl4t8PBoIdg3vt0l01onxZYeRM-owkFaA7S2ct~PYgkWS~MymGumL9mjGmhkZd1pgtMOKBvyM9tz5CHXbtVJ5ydSakLLU~KtGP9d5mlAEGYYOnmYUSuczRrrqwvZ0oi~D7X5koQB2Rm~ALgidY3rySAJ7rlBuPRaieoVgElZxXlkiMyw9cfJ7RVnBf0Gb~PFlPhugsp3HEuQpJoYxhzAjQHZDcjEuxrqSuaSpFA5GB2ErgstQetd8V2ojze3wWDHXQVkrfFqkX-N4Od6LNqhA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316534"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316534/Therapeutic_stratagems_for_vascular_degenerative_disorders_of_the_posterior_eye"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316534/Therapeutic_stratagems_for_vascular_degenerative_disorders_of_the_posterior_eye">Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NirmalJayabalan">Nirmal Jayabalan</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drug Discovery Today</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In this review we discuss insights into therapeutic stratagems that can selectively target the ch...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In this review we discuss insights into therapeutic stratagems that can selectively target the choroid, retinal cells and vitreoretinal space for the treatment of vision-threatening vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye. Despite the relative success of these novel drugs, new problems related to its delivery remain. Systems carrying drugs to the target site, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, vectosomes, spanlastics, micelles, dendrimers and implants are also discussed. Further, we also consider drug penetration enhancement approaches along with cutting-edge strategies for regaining vision during vision-threatening vascular degenerative disorders of the eye. Finally, challenges, such as ocular or even systemic complications associated with use of prolonged therapies and future prospects, such as combination of approaches with multidisciplinary integration to optimize delivery to the posterior eye are also addressed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316534"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316534"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316534; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316534]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316534]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316534; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316534']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316534]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316534,"title":"Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316534/Therapeutic_stratagems_for_vascular_degenerative_disorders_of_the_posterior_eye","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14364553"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364553/Development_and_evaluation_of_nanosized_niosomal_dispersion_for_oral_delivery_of_Ganciclovir"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364553/Development_and_evaluation_of_nanosized_niosomal_dispersion_for_oral_delivery_of_Ganciclovir">Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Encapsulation of Ganciclovir in lipophilic vesicular structure may be expected to enhance the ora...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Encapsulation of Ganciclovir in lipophilic vesicular structure may be expected to enhance the oral absorption and prolong the existence of the drug in the systemic circulation. So the purpose of the present study was to improve the oral bioavailability of Ganciclovir by preparing nanosized niosomal dispersion. Niosomes were prepared from Span40, Span60, and Cholesterol in the molar ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 3:2 using reverse evaporation method. The developed niosomal dispersions were characterized for entrapment efficiency, size, shape, in vitro drug release, release kinetic study, and in vivo performance. Optimized formulation (NG8; Span60:Cholesterol 3:2 molar ratio) has shown a significantly high encapsulation of Ganciclovir (89±2.13%) with vesicle size of 144±3.47 nm (polydispersity index [PDI]=0.08). The in vitro release study signifies sustained release profile of niosomal dispersions. Release profile of prepared formulations have shown that more than 85.2±0.015% drug was released in 24 h with zero-order release kinetics. The results obtained also revealed that the types of surfactant and Cholesterol content ratio altered the entrapment efficiency, size, and drug release rate from niosomes. In vivo study on rats reveals five-time increment in bioavailability of Ganciclovir after oral administration of optimized formulation (NG8) as compared with tablet. The effective drug concentration (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;0.69 µg/mL in plasma) was also maintained for at least 8 h on administration of the niosomal formulation. In conclusion, niosomes can be proposed as a potential oral delivery system for the effective delivery of Ganciclovir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14364553"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14364553"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364553; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364553]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364553]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364553; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14364553']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14364553]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14364553,"title":"Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14364553/Development_and_evaluation_of_nanosized_niosomal_dispersion_for_oral_delivery_of_Ganciclovir","owner_id":33309160,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316531"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316531/Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefantrine_nanopowder_prepared_by_wet_milling_DYNO_MILL_technique"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327397/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316531/Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefantrine_nanopowder_prepared_by_wet_milling_DYNO_MILL_technique">Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Lumefantrine (LMF) is an antimalarial drug that exhibits poor oral bioavailability, owing to its ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Lumefantrine (LMF) is an antimalarial drug that exhibits poor oral bioavailability, owing to its poor aqueous solubility. To improve its antimalarial activity, nanopowder formulation using DYNO MILL was prepared. Combination of HPMC E3 (4%, w/v) and Tween 80 (2.5%, w/v) as dispersing agents, favored the production of smaller LMF particles with mean size of 0.251 m. LMF nanopowder showed enhanced dissolution rate attributed to nanonization of LMF. The IC 50 value of nano-sized LMF was found to be 0.1 ng/mL, which was 175-times lower than the IC 50 value of unmilled LMF powder (17.5 ng/mL) and 42-times lower than the IC 50 value of chloroquine (4.2 ng/mL). The in vivo antimalarial activity demonstrated an enhanced antimalarial potential of LMF nanopowder against P. Yoelii nigeriensis compared to unmilled drug. Wet-milling using DYNO MILL offers a highly effective approach to produce stable drug nanopowders. Furthermore, LMF nanopowder makes the Coartem ® therapy more effective.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b441dae5cfbfa9a8709622c0e0862174" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44327397,"asset_id":14316531,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327397/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316531"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316531"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316531; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316531]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316531]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316531; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316531']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b441dae5cfbfa9a8709622c0e0862174" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316531]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316531,"title":"Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316531/Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefantrine_nanopowder_prepared_by_wet_milling_DYNO_MILL_technique","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":44327397,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327397/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.colsurfb.2012.01.047.pdf20160402-21821-1qa653m","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327397/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44327397/j.colsurfb.2012.01.047-libre.pdf20160402-21821-1qa653m?1459606228=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefa.pdf\u0026Expires=1740046355\u0026Signature=SS3bleFdndvpJw3Hg52t-f0jBcDxoiwmPqn40qoqkJxPlHh5x5ACAAfAUuhCR~M5VDp3uZcO5kAZBMMFdxHIyrWmYRO8C8JOAkvOfoV44XgmbPZfbdRziMyhsDbKKnKq-MPX3Y6y~Rh7nhwaru0GAwGR9gepXKbNAWJGwThUjKIa7-ftGNYZ~GN3mccC2rzD98rOTceQqx79pbOcMygDZpcGZrtakb8NEvv7mCmXLw79uvyIbdiOR0kEOSbWGtZx1bskS-2BDLeZHti~x7Ai-5MYLV64RSBaYImpPhiXeCta6qc7R9WZJDAxpna5ZgRBZkyfkrrAIX9I77rhHEaRMA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316567"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316567/AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COATED_IRON_OXIDE_NANOPARTICLES_INFLUENCE_OF_SOLVENTS_AND_SURFACTANTS_ON_STABILITY_AND_PHARMACEUTICAL_APPLICATIONS_OF_FERROFLUID"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of AQUEOUS PHASE TRANSFER OF OLEIC ACID COATED IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: INFLUENCE OF SOLVENTS AND SURFACTANTS ON STABILITY AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FERROFLUID" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39136906/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316567/AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COATED_IRON_OXIDE_NANOPARTICLES_INFLUENCE_OF_SOLVENTS_AND_SURFACTANTS_ON_STABILITY_AND_PHARMACEUTICAL_APPLICATIONS_OF_FERROFLUID">AQUEOUS PHASE TRANSFER OF OLEIC ACID COATED IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: INFLUENCE OF SOLVENTS AND SURFACTANTS ON STABILITY AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FERROFLUID</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ankitkumar.academia.edu/NiluJain">Nilu Jain</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Magnetohydrodynamics</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a classical co-precipitation method in an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a classical co-precipitation method in an inert atmosphere. In the first step, iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized, coated with oleic acid (5-50%) and its dispersions in different organic solvents (n-hexane, n-heptane and n-octane) were prepared. In the second step, a ferrofluid was obtained by a mini-emulsion process with the aid of different surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), polysorbate 20 (tween 20), sorbitan monolaurate (span 20), poloxamer 188, poloxamer 407, Polyoxyl 23 lauryl ether (brij 35), Polyoxyl 40 stearate (myrj 52), vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate (vitamin E TPGS) and docusate sodium. Characterization of oleic acid coated iron oxide nanoparticles were done by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Stability study of the aqueous ferrofluid was performed by measuring the particle size and polydispersity index within a storage period of six months. Clinical application of ferrofluid in targeted drug delivery systems was also discussed with respect to different surfactants.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="723ba75ca450cf5cad38ad92ea3bbcda" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39136906,"asset_id":14316567,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39136906/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316567"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316567"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316567; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316567]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316567]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316567; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316567']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "723ba75ca450cf5cad38ad92ea3bbcda" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316567]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316567,"title":"AQUEOUS PHASE TRANSFER OF OLEIC ACID COATED IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: INFLUENCE OF SOLVENTS AND SURFACTANTS ON STABILITY AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FERROFLUID","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316567/AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COATED_IRON_OXIDE_NANOPARTICLES_INFLUENCE_OF_SOLVENTS_AND_SURFACTANTS_ON_STABILITY_AND_PHARMACEUTICAL_APPLICATIONS_OF_FERROFLUID","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":39136906,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39136906/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-12p47bd.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39136906/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39136906/0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-12p47bd-libre.pdf?1444687551=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf\u0026Expires=1739440997\u0026Signature=dUYx5Bg-b2-3Z3Slm4lXUQ4xJ1HVLtoTBEIuk3PP-myolGcrphzOP1lRpaZRSGwbTw-eloq16-D2UGzl9A-WGwF7IcAiAFuaqhmdLjeHDTy-FqRJ-jiYmpY1elB4Uju30oV5pZS6P2VNYACVCb2j6Qce3c1O6p-2XdXACLkKMNO6Ro19JfLay5e6gSE99tzqL~5MkMZHCuibwRWhM~ZjknI5L-5nKM5W9pf8xVOJUtLTctligWAAXrSg251OjnTGvQef8cQdmHdihAKV5TlIU4c3FcekU5A79AaOpbVY49Is4TIlChMWa3o6PBRdbr-4qfydAPh3MZpJvIXkuTwwvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":39136914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39136914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-1quuca7.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39136914/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39136914/0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-1quuca7-libre.pdf?1444687550=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf\u0026Expires=1739440997\u0026Signature=BIBVGQfkcmhbEE0ZTPfdqliza6Zp44Zk4yiKZb8aL2xH0wBcWY1M1oQVTV1sH4GdwsAaP20eKOATAZcrli-Vb9VBTAxx8Xzity5ghdglWaGRvYWT5U8CD0Fbk2vUXC8d5-zR1DNHlACyzqZTHARsJ6laU8NWW7C8QzqxU-P1Y7HTbDtsJW-rxNaIMMpm~HBhhEl8O4I2X758~uEumFLCa~F3T16QZqQRhDYZMKXfVAMyyxZ5wYb6d4PCHrmBMR7OU3Fj1rQW~PwXouHq8MKYtdLOvHj176tphiYb25rSRq-dsKQTFJrd7k73yDqdY84ka0SyAWEqhvuQ8cF5VMQVJw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3276175" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14392606"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14392606/Quantification_of_curcumin_demethoxycurcumin_and_bisdemethoxycurcumin_in_rodent_brain_by_UHPLC_ESI_Q_TOF_MS_MS_after_intra_nasal_administration_of_curcuminoids_loaded_PNIPAM_nanoparticles"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS after intra-nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14392606/Quantification_of_curcumin_demethoxycurcumin_and_bisdemethoxycurcumin_in_rodent_brain_by_UHPLC_ESI_Q_TOF_MS_MS_after_intra_nasal_administration_of_curcuminoids_loaded_PNIPAM_nanoparticles">Quantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS after intra-nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://iabfu.academia.edu/NiyazAhmad">Niyaz Ahmad</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drug Testing and Analysis</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-synapt mass spectrometric...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-synapt mass spectrometric method (UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) for the analysis of curcumin (Cur), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) in Wistar rat brain homogenate was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 (2.1mm × 100 mm; 1.7μm) column using isocratic mobile phase, consisting of acetonitrile: 10mM ammonium formate: formic acid (90:10:0.05v/v/v), at a flow rate of 0.2 ml min(-1) . The transitions occurred at m/z 367.0694/217.0598, 337.0717/173.0910, 307.0760/187.0844 for Cur, DMC, BDMC and m/z 307.0344/229.0677 for the IS (Nimesulide) respectively. The recovery of the analytes from Wistar rat brain homogenate was optimized using liquid-liquid extraction technique (LLE) in (ethyl acetate: chloform) mixture. The total run time was 3.0 min and the elution of Cur, DMC, BDMC occurred at 1.6, 1.75, 1.70 min, and for the IS 1.87 min, respectively. The linear dynamic range was established over the concentration range of 1.00 ng mL(-1) to 1000.0 ng mL(-1) (r(2) ; 0.9909 ± 0.0011, 0.9911 ± 0.003, and 0.9919 ± 0.0013) for Cur, DMC, and BDMC, respectively. The intra and inter-assay accuracy in terms of % CV for Cur, DMC, and BDMC was in the range 0.47-2.20, 0.47-1.65, and0.44-2.70, respectively. The lower limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) for Cur, DMC, and BDMC were 0.46, 0.05, 0.16 ng mL(-1) and 0.153, 0.015, 0.052 ng mL(-1) , respectively. Analytes were stable and the method proved to be accurate (recovery, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;85%), specific and was applied to evaluate the Cur, DMC, BDMC loaded PNIPAM NPs as vehicles for nose to brain drug delivery.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14392606"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14392606"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14392606; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14392606]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14392606]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14392606; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14392606']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14392606]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14392606,"title":"Quantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS after intra-nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14392606/Quantification_of_curcumin_demethoxycurcumin_and_bisdemethoxycurcumin_in_rodent_brain_by_UHPLC_ESI_Q_TOF_MS_MS_after_intra_nasal_administration_of_curcuminoids_loaded_PNIPAM_nanoparticles","owner_id":33336936,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33336936,"first_name":"Niyaz","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"NiyazAhmad","domain_name":"iabfu","created_at":"2015-07-25T18:03:19.360-07:00","display_name":"Niyaz Ahmad","url":"https://iabfu.academia.edu/NiyazAhmad"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316569"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316569/Development_of_Poly_Lactide_Co_Glycolide_Nanodispersions_for_Enhanced_Ocular_Delivery_of_Moxifloxacin"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development of Poly Lactide-Co-Glycolide Nanodispersions for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Moxifloxacin" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316569/Development_of_Poly_Lactide_Co_Glycolide_Nanodispersions_for_Enhanced_Ocular_Delivery_of_Moxifloxacin">Development of Poly Lactide-Co-Glycolide Nanodispersions for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Moxifloxacin</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NirmalJayabalan">Nirmal Jayabalan</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Science of Advanced Materials</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT In the present work we developed and optimized moxifloxacin loaded PLGA nanodispersions ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT In the present work we developed and optimized moxifloxacin loaded PLGA nanodispersions for enhanced ocular delivery of moxifloxacin. The optimized nanodispersions were prepared by double emulsification solvent evaporation method using high pressure homogenizer (500 bar pressure, 2 cycles) to homogenize primary emulsion. Particle size of nanodispersion was found to be dependent on PLGA concentration, PLGA:drug ratio, PVA concentration and W:O phase volume ratio whereas drug encapsulation was related to PLGA concentration and PLGA:drug ratio. Encapsulation efficiency of optimized nanodispersion was 62.5% with a mean particle size of around 118.5 nm which makes them a suitable candidate for ocular administration. Drug release kinetic studies indicate a sustained release profile of moxifloxacin from nanodispersions. In addition, in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that PLGA nanodispersions were non irritant, prevent ocular drainage of moxifloxacin with enhanced ocular bioavailability by 3-fold.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316569"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316569"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316569; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316569]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316569]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316569; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316569']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316569]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316569,"title":"Development of Poly Lactide-Co-Glycolide Nanodispersions for Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Moxifloxacin","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316569/Development_of_Poly_Lactide_Co_Glycolide_Nanodispersions_for_Enhanced_Ocular_Delivery_of_Moxifloxacin","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316566"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316566/UPLC_Q_TOF_MS_MS_method_for_evaluation_of_moxifloxacin_loaded_nanoplexes_as_vehicles_for_ocular_drug_delivery"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded nanoplexes as vehicles for ocular drug delivery" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316566/UPLC_Q_TOF_MS_MS_method_for_evaluation_of_moxifloxacin_loaded_nanoplexes_as_vehicles_for_ocular_drug_delivery">UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded nanoplexes as vehicles for ocular drug delivery</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://iabfu.academia.edu/NiyazAhmad">Niyaz Ahmad</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A simple, sensitive and selective ultra performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method with qua...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A simple, sensitive and selective ultra performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method with quadrapole-time of flight-mass spectrometric (Q-TOF-MS/MS) detection was developed for the determination of moxifloxacin (moxi) in rabbit aqueous humor. After a simple protein-precipitation by acetonitrile, the post-treatment samples were separated on a UPLC Bridged Ethyl Hybrid (BEH) C-18 column with 0.1% formic acid in water as a mobile phase</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316566"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316566"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316566; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316566]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316566]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316566; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316566']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316566]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316566,"title":"UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for evaluation of moxifloxacin loaded nanoplexes as vehicles for ocular drug delivery","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316566/UPLC_Q_TOF_MS_MS_method_for_evaluation_of_moxifloxacin_loaded_nanoplexes_as_vehicles_for_ocular_drug_delivery","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316562"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316562/Dorzolamide_loaded_PLGA_vitamin_E_TPGS_nanoparticles_for_glaucoma_therapy_Pharmacoscintigraphy_study_and_evaluation_of_extended_ocular_hypotensive_effect_in_rabbits"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316562/Dorzolamide_loaded_PLGA_vitamin_E_TPGS_nanoparticles_for_glaucoma_therapy_Pharmacoscintigraphy_study_and_evaluation_of_extended_ocular_hypotensive_effect_in_rabbits">Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Poor drug penetration and rapid clearance after topical instillation of a drug formulation into t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Poor drug penetration and rapid clearance after topical instillation of a drug formulation into the eyes are the major causes for the lower ocular bioavailability from conventional eye drops. Along with this, poor encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic drug in polymeric nanoparticles remains a major formulation challenge. Taking this perspective into consideration, dorzolamide (DZ)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were developed employing two different emulsifiers (PVA and vitamin E TPGS) and the effects of various formulation and process variables on particle size and encapsulation efficiency were assessed. Nanoparticles emulsified with vitamin E TPGS (DZ-T-NPs) were found to possess enhanced drug encapsulation (59.8±6.1%) as compared to those developed with PVA as emulsifier (DZ-P-NPs). Transcorneal permeation study revealed a significant enhancement in permeation (1.8-2.5 fold) as compared to solution. In addition, ex vivo biodistribution study showed a higher concentration of drug in the aqueous humour (1.5-2.3 fold). Histological and IR-camera studies proved the non-irritant potential of the formulations. Pharmacoscintigraphic studies revealed the reduced corneal clearance, as well as naso-lachrymal drainage in comparison to drug solution. Furthermore, efficacy study revealed that DZ-P-NPs and DZ-T-NPs significantly reduced the intraocular pressure by 22.81% and 29.12%, respectively, after a single topical instillation into the eye.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316562"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316562"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316562; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316562]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316562]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316562; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316562']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316562]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316562,"title":"Dorzolamide-loaded PLGA/vitamin E TPGS nanoparticles for glaucoma therapy: Pharmacoscintigraphy study and evaluation of extended ocular hypotensive effect in rabbits","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316562/Dorzolamide_loaded_PLGA_vitamin_E_TPGS_nanoparticles_for_glaucoma_therapy_Pharmacoscintigraphy_study_and_evaluation_of_extended_ocular_hypotensive_effect_in_rabbits","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316561"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316561/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_delivery_of_proteins_and_peptides_and_their_clinical_perspectives"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A review on the strategies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides and their clinical perspectives" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327429/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316561/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_delivery_of_proteins_and_peptides_and_their_clinical_perspectives">A review on the strategies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides and their clinical perspectives</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the modern world, a number of therapeutic proteins such as vaccines, antigens, and hormones ar...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the modern world, a number of therapeutic proteins such as vaccines, antigens, and hormones are being developed utilizing different sophisticated biotechnological techniques like recombinant DNA technology and protein purification. However, the major glitches in the optimal utilization of therapeutic proteins and peptides by the oral route are their extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism, degradation in the gastrointestinal tract (presence of enzymes and pH-dependent factors), large molecular size and poor permeation. These problems can be overcome by adopting techniques such as chemical transformation of protein structures, enzyme inhibitors, mucoadhesive polymers and permeation enhancers. Being invasive, parenteral route is inconvenient for the administration of protein and peptides, several research endeavors have been undertaken to formulate a better delivery system for proteins and peptides with major emphasis on non-invasive routes such as oral, transdermal, vaginal, rectal, pulmonary and intrauterine. This review article emphasizes on the recent advancements made in the delivery of protein and peptides by a non-invasive (peroral) route into the body.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e56da9997362c0d9acb003dd1367d604" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44327429,"asset_id":14316561,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327429/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316561"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316561"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316561; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316561]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316561]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316561; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316561']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e56da9997362c0d9acb003dd1367d604" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316561]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316561,"title":"A review on the strategies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides and their clinical perspectives","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316561/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_delivery_of_proteins_and_peptides_and_their_clinical_perspectives","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":44327429,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327429/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli20160402-30507-17ddmhg.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327429/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44327429/A_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli20160402-30507-17ddmhg-libre.pdf?1459606227=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_review_on_the_strategies_for_oral_deli.pdf\u0026Expires=1740041674\u0026Signature=gej8oLsI4i9l6rHVMpExrHSg7o-98IqJNH7-Wv013JLejmJnIdnadZhm0QVK9wmeLQbM~pWnzNjVnQJVlBy300k7yq~aqBsOhCv-6~r8bg2alMd9sflIUy3HcLuy-7wFRE7o0FhMGP5I1GsmljQS52AOm4Pu0Ne3eTZIQf2x9nReocY1xaQXjATBqZeq~OwQ0lZGhp8cJoLVJJvElHhAqlctFtovdBPsZou3Hponl~9voT83N1nrnesKOzydKsDBS22Zat-G4TmazwMzu9cw5vZ6a4Idna3vHt4SeuXDBlwtEh64hHfNB6qinQCmLvnileiTFPNOG2WXk8aYVEvc9A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14364556"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364556/Transformation_of_Curcumin_from_Food_Additive_to_Multifunctional_Medicine_Nanotechnology_Bridging_the_Gap"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Transformation of Curcumin from Food Additive to Multifunctional Medicine: Nanotechnology Bridging the Gap" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364556/Transformation_of_Curcumin_from_Food_Additive_to_Multifunctional_Medicine_Nanotechnology_Bridging_the_Gap">Transformation of Curcumin from Food Additive to Multifunctional Medicine: Nanotechnology Bridging the Gap</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RahmanMahfoozur">Mahfoozur Rahman</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Current Drug Discovery Technologies</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow-coloured polyphenolic compound obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma l...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow-coloured polyphenolic compound obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. In-depth pharmacological screening of curcumin has given the evidence that CUR persuades shielding and curative effects against various cancers, cardiovascular, wound healing effect and neuro disorders etc owning to anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and antimicrobial activities. However, miserable bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility limits the application of CUR in various ailments. Different methodologies including the nanoparticle technology have been reported for the bioavailability enhancement of CUR. Nanoparticles exhibit not only the improvement in the solubility of CUR and alike lipophilic molecules (resulted in improved bioavailability) but also giving the opportunity for the disease specific cellular and organ targeting. Improved bioavailability and disease based site specific delivery of CUR is more likely to bring it as a safe multifunctional medicine.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14364556"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14364556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364556]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14364556']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14364556]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14364556,"title":"Transformation of Curcumin from Food Additive to Multifunctional Medicine: Nanotechnology Bridging the Gap","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14364556/Transformation_of_Curcumin_from_Food_Additive_to_Multifunctional_Medicine_Nanotechnology_Bridging_the_Gap","owner_id":33309160,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316556"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316556/ORAL_PHARMACOKINETIC_STUDY_OF_EXEMESTANE_SMEDDS_AND_SUSPENSION_IN_RAT_PLASMA_BY_LIQUID_CHROMATOGRAPHY_MASS_SPECTROMETRIC_ANALYSIS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ORAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF EXEMESTANE SMEDDS AND SUSPENSION IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316556/ORAL_PHARMACOKINETIC_STUDY_OF_EXEMESTANE_SMEDDS_AND_SUSPENSION_IN_RAT_PLASMA_BY_LIQUID_CHROMATOGRAPHY_MASS_SPECTROMETRIC_ANALYSIS">ORAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF EXEMESTANE SMEDDS AND SUSPENSION IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To evaluate the bioavailability of exemestane (EXM) from self-microemulsifying drug delivery syst...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To evaluate the bioavailability of exemestane (EXM) from self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and suspension formulations, a sensitive, specific and rapid liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric method was developed and validated. The analyte was extracted from plasma samples and detected by mass spectrometry with an atmospheric pressure positive-ion chemical ionization (APCI) mode using a heated nebulizer interface. Progesterone (PGS) was used as</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316556"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316556]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316556']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316556]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316556,"title":"ORAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF EXEMESTANE SMEDDS AND SUSPENSION IN RAT PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316556/ORAL_PHARMACOKINETIC_STUDY_OF_EXEMESTANE_SMEDDS_AND_SUSPENSION_IN_RAT_PLASMA_BY_LIQUID_CHROMATOGRAPHY_MASS_SPECTROMETRIC_ANALYSIS","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316546"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316546/Dual_approach_utilizing_self_microemulsifying_technique_and_novel_P_gp_inhibitor_for_effective_delivery_of_taxanes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316546/Dual_approach_utilizing_self_microemulsifying_technique_and_novel_P_gp_inhibitor_for_effective_delivery_of_taxanes">Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Microencapsulation</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the present work, concomitant use of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the present work, concomitant use of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) and a novel third-generation P-gp inhibitor, GF120918 (elacridar), for the effective transport of taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) across an in vitro model of the intestinal epithelium and uptake into tumor cells were investigated. On the basis of solubility studies and ternary phase diagrams, different SMEDDS formulations of taxanes were prepared and characterized. In caco-2 cell permeation study, paclitaxel-loaded SMEDDS along with GF120918 showed a four-fold increase in apparent permeability, while docetaxel-loaded SMEDDS in combination with GF120918 showed a nine-fold increase in permeability, as compared to plain drug solution. Cell uptake studies on A549 cells were performed with microemulsions formed from both SMEDDS formulations loaded with rhodamine 123 dye and showed good uptake than plain dye solution. Confocal laser scanning microscopic images further confirmed the higher uptake of both SMEDDS formulations in the presence of GF120918.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316546"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316546"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316546; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316546]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316546]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316546; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316546']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316546]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316546,"title":"Dual approach utilizing self microemulsifying technique and novel P-gp inhibitor for effective delivery of taxanes","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316546/Dual_approach_utilizing_self_microemulsifying_technique_and_novel_P_gp_inhibitor_for_effective_delivery_of_taxanes","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14364555"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364555/VALIDATED_STABILITY_INDICATING_RP_HPLC_METHOD_FOR_THE_ESTIMATION_OF_LINEZOLID_IN_A_PHARMACEUTICAL_DOSAGE_FORM"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LINEZOLID IN A PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364555/VALIDATED_STABILITY_INDICATING_RP_HPLC_METHOD_FOR_THE_ESTIMATION_OF_LINEZOLID_IN_A_PHARMACEUTICAL_DOSAGE_FORM">VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LINEZOLID IN A PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination and stability evaluation of linezolid in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Separation of linezolid was successfully achieved on a C-18 column utilizing water: ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14364555"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14364555"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364555; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364555]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364555]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364555; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14364555']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14364555]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14364555,"title":"VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LINEZOLID IN A PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14364555/VALIDATED_STABILITY_INDICATING_RP_HPLC_METHOD_FOR_THE_ESTIMATION_OF_LINEZOLID_IN_A_PHARMACEUTICAL_DOSAGE_FORM","owner_id":33309160,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316541"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316541/Nano_vectors_for_the_ocular_delivery_of_nucleic_acid_based_therapeutics"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316541/Nano_vectors_for_the_ocular_delivery_of_nucleic_acid_based_therapeutics">Nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Nucleic acid-based therapeutics have gained a lot of interest for the treatment of diverse ophtha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Nucleic acid-based therapeutics have gained a lot of interest for the treatment of diverse ophthalmic pathologies. The first to enter in clinic has been an oligonucleotide, Vitravene(®) for the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection. More recently, research on aptamers for the treatment of age related macular degeneration has led to the development of Macugen(®). Despite intense potential, effective ocular delivery of nucleic acids is a major challenge since therapeutic targets for nucleic acid-based drugs are mainly located in the posterior eye segment, requiring repeated invasive administration. Of late, nanotechnology-based nano-vectors have been developed in order to overcome the drawbacks of viral and other non-viral vectors. The diversity of nano-vectors allows for ease of use, flexibility in application, low-cost of production, higher transfection efficiency and enhanced genomic safety. Using nano-vector strategies, nucleic acids can be delivered either encapsulated or complexed with cationic lipids, polymers or peptides forming sustained release systems, which can be tailored according to the ocular tissue being targeted. The present review focuses on developments and advances in various nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics, the barriers that such delivery systems face and methods to overcome them.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316541"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316541"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316541; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316541]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316541]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316541; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316541']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316541]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316541,"title":"Nano-vectors for the ocular delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316541/Nano_vectors_for_the_ocular_delivery_of_nucleic_acid_based_therapeutics","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316536"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316536/Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_chitosan_atorvastatin_conjugate_after_oral_administration_to_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327387/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316536/Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_chitosan_atorvastatin_conjugate_after_oral_administration_to_rats">Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoopKhar">Roop Khar</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A novel approach to improve the bioavailability and stability of atorvastatin (AT) was developed ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A novel approach to improve the bioavailability and stability of atorvastatin (AT) was developed by constructing a nano-sized polymer-atorvastatin conjugate. Firstly, a novel chitosan-atorvastatin (CH-AT) conjugate was efficiently synthesized through amide coupling reaction. The formation of conjugate was confirmed by 1 H NMR and FT-IR spectrometry. Nano-sized conjugate with a mean size of 215.3 ± 14.2 nm was prepared by the process of high pressure homogenization (HPH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that CH-AT nano-conjugate possess smooth surface whereas X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra demonstrated amorphous nature of nano-conjugate. Further, CH-AT nano-conjugate showed solubility enhancement of nearly 4-fold and 100-fold compared to CH-AT conjugate and pure AT, respectively. In vitro drug release studies in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid suggested sustained release of AT from the conjugate. Additionally, the nano-conjugate significantly reduced the acidic degradation of AT. The plasma-concentration time profile of AT after oral administration of CH-AT nano-conjugate (2574 ± 95.4 ng/mL) to rat exhibited nearly 5-fold increase in bioavailability compared with AT suspension (583 ± 55.5 ng/mL). Finally, variable bioavailability, as observed for AT suspension was also reduced when AT was administered in form of CH-AT nano-conjugate. Taken together these data demonstrate that chitosan conjugate nano-prodrugs may be used as sustained polymeric prodrugs for enhancing bioavailability.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="77052481d20c6e423fd27b19edb7c717" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44327387,"asset_id":14316536,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327387/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316536"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316536"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316536; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316536]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316536]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316536; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316536']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "77052481d20c6e423fd27b19edb7c717" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316536]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316536,"title":"Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316536/Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_chitosan_atorvastatin_conjugate_after_oral_administration_to_rats","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":44327387,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327387/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.ejps.2011.08.001.pdf20160402-22745-8phw5f","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327387/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Enhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44327387/j.ejps.2011.08.001-libre.pdf20160402-22745-8phw5f?1459606227=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnhanced_bioavailability_of_nano_sized_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1739480749\u0026Signature=Rp3hGOhrtoD6~dDTMJwyXXG7IvhauyI9GWY95DJoEEYUIyyGWEp4j4kkeaMTdeCwzZl4t8PBoIdg3vt0l01onxZYeRM-owkFaA7S2ct~PYgkWS~MymGumL9mjGmhkZd1pgtMOKBvyM9tz5CHXbtVJ5ydSakLLU~KtGP9d5mlAEGYYOnmYUSuczRrrqwvZ0oi~D7X5koQB2Rm~ALgidY3rySAJ7rlBuPRaieoVgElZxXlkiMyw9cfJ7RVnBf0Gb~PFlPhugsp3HEuQpJoYxhzAjQHZDcjEuxrqSuaSpFA5GB2ErgstQetd8V2ojze3wWDHXQVkrfFqkX-N4Od6LNqhA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316534"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316534/Therapeutic_stratagems_for_vascular_degenerative_disorders_of_the_posterior_eye"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316534/Therapeutic_stratagems_for_vascular_degenerative_disorders_of_the_posterior_eye">Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NirmalJayabalan">Nirmal Jayabalan</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drug Discovery Today</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In this review we discuss insights into therapeutic stratagems that can selectively target the ch...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In this review we discuss insights into therapeutic stratagems that can selectively target the choroid, retinal cells and vitreoretinal space for the treatment of vision-threatening vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye. Despite the relative success of these novel drugs, new problems related to its delivery remain. Systems carrying drugs to the target site, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, vectosomes, spanlastics, micelles, dendrimers and implants are also discussed. Further, we also consider drug penetration enhancement approaches along with cutting-edge strategies for regaining vision during vision-threatening vascular degenerative disorders of the eye. Finally, challenges, such as ocular or even systemic complications associated with use of prolonged therapies and future prospects, such as combination of approaches with multidisciplinary integration to optimize delivery to the posterior eye are also addressed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316534"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316534"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316534; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316534]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316534]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316534; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316534']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316534]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316534,"title":"Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316534/Therapeutic_stratagems_for_vascular_degenerative_disorders_of_the_posterior_eye","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14364553"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364553/Development_and_evaluation_of_nanosized_niosomal_dispersion_for_oral_delivery_of_Ganciclovir"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/14364553/Development_and_evaluation_of_nanosized_niosomal_dispersion_for_oral_delivery_of_Ganciclovir">Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Encapsulation of Ganciclovir in lipophilic vesicular structure may be expected to enhance the ora...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Encapsulation of Ganciclovir in lipophilic vesicular structure may be expected to enhance the oral absorption and prolong the existence of the drug in the systemic circulation. So the purpose of the present study was to improve the oral bioavailability of Ganciclovir by preparing nanosized niosomal dispersion. Niosomes were prepared from Span40, Span60, and Cholesterol in the molar ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 3:2 using reverse evaporation method. The developed niosomal dispersions were characterized for entrapment efficiency, size, shape, in vitro drug release, release kinetic study, and in vivo performance. Optimized formulation (NG8; Span60:Cholesterol 3:2 molar ratio) has shown a significantly high encapsulation of Ganciclovir (89±2.13%) with vesicle size of 144±3.47 nm (polydispersity index [PDI]=0.08). The in vitro release study signifies sustained release profile of niosomal dispersions. Release profile of prepared formulations have shown that more than 85.2±0.015% drug was released in 24 h with zero-order release kinetics. The results obtained also revealed that the types of surfactant and Cholesterol content ratio altered the entrapment efficiency, size, and drug release rate from niosomes. In vivo study on rats reveals five-time increment in bioavailability of Ganciclovir after oral administration of optimized formulation (NG8) as compared with tablet. The effective drug concentration (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;0.69 µg/mL in plasma) was also maintained for at least 8 h on administration of the niosomal formulation. In conclusion, niosomes can be proposed as a potential oral delivery system for the effective delivery of Ganciclovir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14364553"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14364553"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364553; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364553]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14364553]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14364553; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14364553']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14364553]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14364553,"title":"Development and evaluation of nanosized niosomal dispersion for oral delivery of Ganciclovir","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14364553/Development_and_evaluation_of_nanosized_niosomal_dispersion_for_oral_delivery_of_Ganciclovir","owner_id":33309160,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33309160,"first_name":"Musarrat","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Warsi","page_name":"MusarratWarsi","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-24T07:47:54.122-07:00","display_name":"Musarrat Warsi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316531"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316531/Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefantrine_nanopowder_prepared_by_wet_milling_DYNO_MILL_technique"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327397/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316531/Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefantrine_nanopowder_prepared_by_wet_milling_DYNO_MILL_technique">Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Lumefantrine (LMF) is an antimalarial drug that exhibits poor oral bioavailability, owing to its ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Lumefantrine (LMF) is an antimalarial drug that exhibits poor oral bioavailability, owing to its poor aqueous solubility. To improve its antimalarial activity, nanopowder formulation using DYNO MILL was prepared. Combination of HPMC E3 (4%, w/v) and Tween 80 (2.5%, w/v) as dispersing agents, favored the production of smaller LMF particles with mean size of 0.251 m. LMF nanopowder showed enhanced dissolution rate attributed to nanonization of LMF. The IC 50 value of nano-sized LMF was found to be 0.1 ng/mL, which was 175-times lower than the IC 50 value of unmilled LMF powder (17.5 ng/mL) and 42-times lower than the IC 50 value of chloroquine (4.2 ng/mL). The in vivo antimalarial activity demonstrated an enhanced antimalarial potential of LMF nanopowder against P. Yoelii nigeriensis compared to unmilled drug. Wet-milling using DYNO MILL offers a highly effective approach to produce stable drug nanopowders. Furthermore, LMF nanopowder makes the Coartem ® therapy more effective.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b441dae5cfbfa9a8709622c0e0862174" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44327397,"asset_id":14316531,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327397/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316531"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316531"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316531; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316531]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316531]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316531; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316531']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b441dae5cfbfa9a8709622c0e0862174" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316531]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316531,"title":"Enhanced antimalarial activity of lumefantrine nanopowder prepared by wet-milling DYNO MILL technique","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316531/Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefantrine_nanopowder_prepared_by_wet_milling_DYNO_MILL_technique","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":44327397,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44327397/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.colsurfb.2012.01.047.pdf20160402-21821-1qa653m","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44327397/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Enhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44327397/j.colsurfb.2012.01.047-libre.pdf20160402-21821-1qa653m?1459606228=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEnhanced_antimalarial_activity_of_lumefa.pdf\u0026Expires=1740046355\u0026Signature=SS3bleFdndvpJw3Hg52t-f0jBcDxoiwmPqn40qoqkJxPlHh5x5ACAAfAUuhCR~M5VDp3uZcO5kAZBMMFdxHIyrWmYRO8C8JOAkvOfoV44XgmbPZfbdRziMyhsDbKKnKq-MPX3Y6y~Rh7nhwaru0GAwGR9gepXKbNAWJGwThUjKIa7-ftGNYZ~GN3mccC2rzD98rOTceQqx79pbOcMygDZpcGZrtakb8NEvv7mCmXLw79uvyIbdiOR0kEOSbWGtZx1bskS-2BDLeZHti~x7Ai-5MYLV64RSBaYImpPhiXeCta6qc7R9WZJDAxpna5ZgRBZkyfkrrAIX9I77rhHEaRMA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="14316567"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316567/AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COATED_IRON_OXIDE_NANOPARTICLES_INFLUENCE_OF_SOLVENTS_AND_SURFACTANTS_ON_STABILITY_AND_PHARMACEUTICAL_APPLICATIONS_OF_FERROFLUID"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of AQUEOUS PHASE TRANSFER OF OLEIC ACID COATED IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: INFLUENCE OF SOLVENTS AND SURFACTANTS ON STABILITY AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FERROFLUID" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39136906/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14316567/AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COATED_IRON_OXIDE_NANOPARTICLES_INFLUENCE_OF_SOLVENTS_AND_SURFACTANTS_ON_STABILITY_AND_PHARMACEUTICAL_APPLICATIONS_OF_FERROFLUID">AQUEOUS PHASE TRANSFER OF OLEIC ACID COATED IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: INFLUENCE OF SOLVENTS AND SURFACTANTS ON STABILITY AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FERROFLUID</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96">Gaurav Jain</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhanAhmad77">Farhan Ahmad</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi">Musarrat Warsi</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ankitkumar.academia.edu/NiluJain">Nilu Jain</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SohailAkhter1">Sohail Akhter</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Magnetohydrodynamics</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a classical co-precipitation method in an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a classical co-precipitation method in an inert atmosphere. In the first step, iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized, coated with oleic acid (5-50%) and its dispersions in different organic solvents (n-hexane, n-heptane and n-octane) were prepared. In the second step, a ferrofluid was obtained by a mini-emulsion process with the aid of different surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), polysorbate 20 (tween 20), sorbitan monolaurate (span 20), poloxamer 188, poloxamer 407, Polyoxyl 23 lauryl ether (brij 35), Polyoxyl 40 stearate (myrj 52), vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate (vitamin E TPGS) and docusate sodium. Characterization of oleic acid coated iron oxide nanoparticles were done by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Stability study of the aqueous ferrofluid was performed by measuring the particle size and polydispersity index within a storage period of six months. Clinical application of ferrofluid in targeted drug delivery systems was also discussed with respect to different surfactants.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="723ba75ca450cf5cad38ad92ea3bbcda" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39136906,"asset_id":14316567,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39136906/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14316567"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14316567"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316567; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316567]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14316567]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14316567; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='14316567']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "723ba75ca450cf5cad38ad92ea3bbcda" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=14316567]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":14316567,"title":"AQUEOUS PHASE TRANSFER OF OLEIC ACID COATED IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: INFLUENCE OF SOLVENTS AND SURFACTANTS ON STABILITY AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FERROFLUID","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14316567/AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COATED_IRON_OXIDE_NANOPARTICLES_INFLUENCE_OF_SOLVENTS_AND_SURFACTANTS_ON_STABILITY_AND_PHARMACEUTICAL_APPLICATIONS_OF_FERROFLUID","owner_id":33270193,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":33270193,"first_name":"Gaurav","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Jain","page_name":"GauravJain96","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-07-22T20:27:04.270-07:00","display_name":"Gaurav Jain","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GauravJain96"},"attachments":[{"id":39136906,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39136906/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-12p47bd.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39136906/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39136906/0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-12p47bd-libre.pdf?1444687551=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf\u0026Expires=1739440997\u0026Signature=dUYx5Bg-b2-3Z3Slm4lXUQ4xJ1HVLtoTBEIuk3PP-myolGcrphzOP1lRpaZRSGwbTw-eloq16-D2UGzl9A-WGwF7IcAiAFuaqhmdLjeHDTy-FqRJ-jiYmpY1elB4Uju30oV5pZS6P2VNYACVCb2j6Qce3c1O6p-2XdXACLkKMNO6Ro19JfLay5e6gSE99tzqL~5MkMZHCuibwRWhM~ZjknI5L-5nKM5W9pf8xVOJUtLTctligWAAXrSg251OjnTGvQef8cQdmHdihAKV5TlIU4c3FcekU5A79AaOpbVY49Is4TIlChMWa3o6PBRdbr-4qfydAPh3MZpJvIXkuTwwvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":39136914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39136914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-1quuca7.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39136914/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"AQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39136914/0046352a052f7bddc5000000.pdf20151012-16080-1quuca7-libre.pdf?1444687550=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAQUEOUS_PHASE_TRANSFER_OF_OLEIC_ACID_COA.pdf\u0026Expires=1739440997\u0026Signature=BIBVGQfkcmhbEE0ZTPfdqliza6Zp44Zk4yiKZb8aL2xH0wBcWY1M1oQVTV1sH4GdwsAaP20eKOATAZcrli-Vb9VBTAxx8Xzity5ghdglWaGRvYWT5U8CD0Fbk2vUXC8d5-zR1DNHlACyzqZTHARsJ6laU8NWW7C8QzqxU-P1Y7HTbDtsJW-rxNaIMMpm~HBhhEl8O4I2X758~uEumFLCa~F3T16QZqQRhDYZMKXfVAMyyxZ5wYb6d4PCHrmBMR7OU3Fj1rQW~PwXouHq8MKYtdLOvHj176tphiYb25rSRq-dsKQTFJrd7k73yDqdY84ka0SyAWEqhvuQ8cF5VMQVJw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "f1c90caf7674e92498ac7a845c38833836da47a745440eb5cbf4aa3415a6d513", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="foBaTaAKq4LsPO1roNVe9hvAyyzplir4iwHF5ZvtQztRR9aCI8MKRNa4Json1dVUh_FFvPBaH0fPHnZG2ULthw" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://independent.academia.edu/MusarratWarsi" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="qTSs6pS9ftimDdrnV6bdXQfw8ivgxARFLwEMEQOO-z-G8yAlF3TfHpyJEUbQplb_m8F8u_kIMfprHr-yQSFVgw" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>