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id="toc-Nuclear_reactor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_reactor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Nuclear reactor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_reactor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Salaspils</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="سالاسبليس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سالاسبليس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласпілс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Саласпілс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласьпілс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Саласьпілс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласпилс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Саласпилс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils_(kapital_sa_munisipyo_sa_Latwiya)" title="Salaspils (kapital sa munisipyo sa Latwiya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Salaspils (kapital sa munisipyo sa Latwiya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B3" title="سالاسپیلس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سالاسپیلس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%95%84%EC%8A%A4" title="살라스필스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="살라스필스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solyspi%C4%BCs" title="Solyspiļs – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Solyspiļs" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspilis" title="Salaspilis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Salaspilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="سالاسبليس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سالاسبليس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласпилс – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Саласпилс" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласпилс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саласпилс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласпилс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Саласпилс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Саласпілс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Саласпілс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaspils" title="Salaspils – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Salaspils" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salasp%C4%97lis" title="Salaspėlis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Salaspėlis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E7%9A%AE%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="薩拉斯皮爾斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="薩拉斯皮爾斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q732986#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Salaspils" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Salaspils" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Salaspils&params=56_52_N_24_21_E_region:LV_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°52′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°21′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.867°N 24.350°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.867; 24.350</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Latvia</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Salaspils Municipality, Latvia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Salaspils</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Kircholm, Kerkolm</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Town</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salaspils-station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salaspils Railway Station in 2008"><img alt="Salaspils Railway Station in 2008" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Salaspils-station.jpg/250px-Salaspils-station.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Salaspils-station.jpg/375px-Salaspils-station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Salaspils-station.jpg/500px-Salaspils-station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1278" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><small>Salaspils Railway Station in 2008</small></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salaspils_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Salaspils"><img alt="Coat of arms of Salaspils" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Salaspils_COA.svg/82px-Salaspils_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="82" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Salaspils_COA.svg/123px-Salaspils_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Salaspils_COA.svg/164px-Salaspils_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="441" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Latvia_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salaspils is located in Latvia"><img alt="Salaspils is located in Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Latvia_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Latvia_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Latvia_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Latvia_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Latvia_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Latvia_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1304" data-file-height="821" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.433%;left:47.531%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Salaspils"><img alt="Salaspils" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Salaspils</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Latvia</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Salaspils&params=56_52_N_24_21_E_region:LV_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°52′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°21′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.867°N 24.350°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.867; 24.350</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Latvia">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Salaspils_Municipality" title="Salaspils Municipality">Salaspils Municipality</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Town_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Town rights">Town rights</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1993</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Raimonds Čudars<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-b538d5a28804099b8c9c2bd0d403975e6ee2e82a-v18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-b538d5a28804099b8c9c2bd0d403975e6ee2e82a-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">15.11 km<sup>2</sup> (5.83 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">14.73 km<sup>2</sup> (5.69 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">0.38 km<sup>2</sup> (0.15 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2024)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-d63fe4f9b7d344c580a498a73197df380eb506ae-v18_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-d63fe4f9b7d344c580a498a73197df380eb506ae-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">17,826</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,200/km<sup>2</sup> (3,100/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_code" title="Postal code">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">LV-2121; LV-2169</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+371 67</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of city council members</th><td class="infobox-data">13</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.salaspils.lv/en/">http://www.salaspils.lv/en/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kircholm_pomnik.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kircholm_pomnik.jpg/266px-Kircholm_pomnik.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kircholm_pomnik.jpg/399px-Kircholm_pomnik.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kircholm_pomnik.jpg/532px-Kircholm_pomnik.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kircholm" title="Battle of Kircholm">Battle of Kircholm</a> monument at Salaspils. In 1605 joint Polish–Lithuanian–Courland armies defeated an invading Swedish army here.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_(other_memorial)_in_Salaspils,_Latvia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_%28other_memorial%29_in_Salaspils%2C_Latvia.jpg/220px-Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_%28other_memorial%29_in_Salaspils%2C_Latvia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_%28other_memorial%29_in_Salaspils%2C_Latvia.jpg/330px-Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_%28other_memorial%29_in_Salaspils%2C_Latvia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_%28other_memorial%29_in_Salaspils%2C_Latvia.jpg/440px-Battle_of_Kirhholm_Stone_%28other_memorial%29_in_Salaspils%2C_Latvia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3551" /></a><figcaption>Battle of Kircholm Stone (other memorial) in Salaspils, Latvia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salaspils_Dome.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Salaspils_Dome.jpg/220px-Salaspils_Dome.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Salaspils_Dome.jpg/330px-Salaspils_Dome.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Salaspils_Dome.jpg/440px-Salaspils_Dome.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4231" data-file-height="2713" /></a><figcaption>Salaspils Council</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Salaspils</b> (<span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c0\/Lv-Salaspils.ogg\/Lv-Salaspils.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"pronunciation"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Lv-Salaspils.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/Lv-Salaspils.ogg/Lv-Salaspils.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">pronunciation</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Lv-Salaspils.ogg" title="File:Lv-Salaspils.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Kircholm</i>; <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">Kirkholm</i>) (literally: "island castle") is a <a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">town</a> in <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, the administrative centre of <a href="/wiki/Salaspils_Municipality" title="Salaspils Municipality">Salaspils Municipality</a>. The town is situated on the northern bank of the <a href="/wiki/Daugava" title="Daugava">Daugava</a> river, 18 kilometers to the south-east of the city of <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salaspils is one of the oldest settlements in Latvia. Archaeological excavations of 1964–1975 (during the construction of Riga HES) in ancient settlements, burial grounds and castle mounds give evidence of very dense population of the region. At this time, the remains of 11,000-year-old reindeer hunters were found (the oldest known human settlement in all of Latvia) and 3500-year-old remains of Baltic hunters, buried in hollowed-out <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>-tree trunks, were found as well. There is evidence that both <a href="/wiki/Livonian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Livonian people">Livs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Balts" title="Balts">Balts</a> built hill forts in the region. </p><p>At the end of the 12th century, German merchants travelled up the <a href="/wiki/Daugava" title="Daugava">Daugava</a>, establishing missionaries among the Livonian settlements. One important centre of Daugava Livonians, the small island Mārtiņsala (German:<i>Kircholm</i>) had a Christian church as early as 1186. So began the Christianizing and gradual subjection of the local Livonian tribes. In 1206, in the early phases of the <a href="/wiki/Livonian_Crusade" title="Livonian Crusade">Livonian Crusade</a>, the Livonian chieftain Ako organized the first revolt against the German crusaders but suffered defeat. </p><p>The Latvian name of the Salaspils "island castle" is probably derived from Mārtiņsala Island castle, but the Germanized name Kircholm – from the Mārtiņsala Island church. Both names were used when referring to the territory on the northern bank of the Daugava. </p><p>In 1380 the Livonian Order built the castle (Neu-Kircholm) on the mainland, with St George's church by it. The castle was an important support-point outside of Riga, and a small town grew up around it. Both the castle and village were destroyed in 1577 during the <a href="/wiki/Livonian_War" title="Livonian War">Livonian War</a>. </p><p>In 1605 the village was a site of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kircholm" title="Battle of Kircholm">Battle of Kircholm</a> in which forces of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> defeated a much more numerous army of <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Empire" title="Swedish Empire">Sweden</a>. This was the biggest battle of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Swedish_War_(1600%E2%80%9311)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish–Swedish War (1600–11)">Polish–Swedish War</a>. The battle took place near St George's church and about 9000 Swedish soldiers were buried there. Two memorial stones in Salaspils commemorate of one of the biggest battles in Europe in the 17th century – in memory of the victory of the Polish–Lithuanian forces. Up to the second part of the 20th century a magnificent 17th century military fortification near the Daugava – the Swedish rampart. The destroyed church was renovated in 1631, but later – in 1896 and 1923 - rebuilt. </p><p>In the 17th–19th century the surrounding area of Salaspils was governed by the Salaspils Estate which, was established near the destroyed Order's castle and was a part of Riga since 1630, and the Kurtes Estate which was situated in the territory of present Līvzemes street in Salaspils. </p><p>The Riga–Daugavpils railway opened in 1861, and the new center of the town developed near Salaspils station just opposite the Kurtes Estate. In the second part of the 19th century, military summer camps were organized in the territory of Salaspils and an Orthodox church was built into a garrison. During the World War I, the front line was at Salaspils for two years, and many of the buildings and farmsteads, especially along the river, were destroyed. The infamous battles at Nāves Sala and Mazā Jugla were fought nearby. </p><p>During the first Republic of Latvia there were three parishes in Salaspils territory – Stopiņi, Salaspils (Ķesterciems) and Dole. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Salaspils_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Salaspils concentration camp">Salaspils concentration camp</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazi_concentration_camps" title="List of Nazi concentration camps">List of Nazi concentration camps</a></div> <p>In 1941, during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, German Nazi authorities established the largest civilian <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camp" title="Concentration camp">concentration camp</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic states</a> 2 km northwest of the town of Salaspils. The Latvian historian Heinrihs Strods<sup id="cite_ref-Strods_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strods-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the German Holocaust historians Andrej Angrick and Peter Klein<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> estimate the number of deaths at Salaspils at 2,000–3,000 in total, including children. At the site of the camp, a major monument complex in remembrance of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet">Soviet</a> victims of Nazism was opened on 31 October 1967. </p><p>In addition, the <i><a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a></i> operated two sub-camps for Soviet prisoners of war near Salaspils (<i>Zweiglager-1</i> and <i>Zweiglager-2</i>), both part of <i><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalag_350" class="extiw" title="de:Stalag 350">Stalag 350</a></i>. The exact numbers of those who died at these two camps is the subject of ongoing debate, but is nowadays<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (May 2021)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> estimated<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (May 2021)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> at about 1000.<sup id="cite_ref-Aiz_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aiz-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Claims made by <a href="/wiki/Soviet_historians" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet historians">Soviet historians</a> that over 100,000 people were killed in Salaspils during the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Latvia_during_World_War_II" title="German occupation of Latvia during World War II">German occupation</a> are nowadays classified as propaganda. According to Latvian historian Aivars Stranga, the controversial 2006 Russian book <i>Latvia Under The Yoke of Nazism</i> revives Soviet-era myths which Holocaust researchers have long since deconstructed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="City_growth_in_the_1950s_and_1960s">City growth in the 1950s and 1960s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: City growth in the 1950s and 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the late 1950s and early 1960s, various industrial enterprises and governmental institutions developed in Salaspils, such as the nuclear plant and four branches of the Academy of Science. Large multi-storied housing blocks appeared to house incoming power plant workers, many of whom were Russians. In a few decades Salaspils transformed from a very peaceful rural settlement to a <a href="/wiki/Mikroraion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikroraion">mikroraion</a>-style town. Due to the rapid development, Soviet authorities ordered construction of the <a href="/wiki/Riga_HES" class="mw-redirect" title="Riga HES">Riga HES</a> and Riga TEC-2. The dam created a massive reservoir that flooded monuments of Salaspils ancient history. The last unsubmerged sections of old Salaspils have been preserved near the Salaspils railway station. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salaspils,_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Salaspils%2C_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg/220px-Salaspils%2C_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Salaspils%2C_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg/330px-Salaspils%2C_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Salaspils%2C_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg/440px-Salaspils%2C_panel%C3%A1ky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Soviet era apartment blocks in Salaspils</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the industrial development of Salaspils, the population has reached 21,000. At the 2000 census, 42% of population was Latvian, 42% was Russian and 16% belonged to other ethnic groups. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_National_Botanical_Gardens">The National Botanical Gardens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The National Botanical Gardens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Botanic_Garden_of_Latvia" title="National Botanic Garden of Latvia">National Botanic Garden of Latvia</a> occupy circa 130 ha in the northern part of Salaspils. The National Botanical Garden is famous for having the richest plant collection in the Baltic States. The gardens are open to visitors, and used for recreation by the inhabitants of Salaspils. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_reactor">Nuclear reactor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Nuclear reactor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The reactor site is located in the forest, to the west of the Institute of Physics, in the northeastern part of the town. The reactor was operational from 1969 to 1998. The plant partook in <a href="/wiki/Neutron_activation" title="Neutron activation">neutron activation</a> analysis and gamma irradiation for various materials. It was a <a href="/wiki/Swimming_pool_reactor" title="Swimming pool reactor">swimming pool reactor</a>. It is now being demolished. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ako_(Livonian_chief)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ako (Livonian chief) (page does not exist)">Acco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arv%C4%ABds_Ulme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arvīds Ulme (page does not exist)">Arvīds Ulme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vilhelms_Taur%C4%ABtis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vilhelms Taurītis (page does not exist)">Vilhelms Taurītis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raitis_Ivan%C4%81ns" title="Raitis Ivanāns">Raitis Ivanāns</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rud%C4%ABte_%C4%B6ikuste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudīte Ķikuste (page does not exist)">Rudīte Ķikuste</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olga_Immermanis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olga Immermanis (page does not exist)">Olga Immermanis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maksimil%C4%81ns_Robe%C5%BEgruntnieks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maksimilāns Robežgruntnieks (page does not exist)">Maksimilāns Robežgruntnieks</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Latvia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Latvia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Latvia</a></div> <p>Salaspils is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finsp%C3%A5ng_Municipality" title="Finspång Municipality">Finspång</a>, Sweden</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finsterwalde" title="Finsterwalde">Finsterwalde</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gmina_Wieliszew" title="Gmina Wieliszew">Wieliszew</a>, Poland</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salaspils,_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Russian Orthodox chapel in Salaspils"><img alt="Russian Orthodox chapel in Salaspils" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Salaspils%2C_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg/120px-Salaspils%2C_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Salaspils%2C_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg/180px-Salaspils%2C_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Salaspils%2C_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg/240px-Salaspils%2C_pravoslavn%C3%BD_kostel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Russian Orthodox chapel in Salaspils</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kircholm" title="Battle of Kircholm">Battle of Kircholm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salaspils&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722164247/http://www.salaspils.lv/lv/domes-priekssedetajs/">"SALASPILS - Domes priekšsēdētājs"</a>. <i>www.salaspils.lv</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salaspils.lv/lv/domes-priekssedetajs/">the original</a> on 22 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.salaspils.lv&rft.atitle=SALASPILS+-+Domes+priek%C5%A1s%C4%93d%C4%93t%C4%81js&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salaspils.lv%2Flv%2Fdomes-priekssedetajs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-b538d5a28804099b8c9c2bd0d403975e6ee2e82a-v18-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-b538d5a28804099b8c9c2bd0d403975e6ee2e82a-v18_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/OSP_PUB/START__ENV__DR__DRT/DRT011/">"Reģionu, novadu, pilsētu un pagastu kopējā un sauszemes platība gada sākumā"</a>. Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Re%C4%A3ionu%2C+novadu%2C+pils%C4%93tu+un+pagastu+kop%C4%93j%C4%81+un+sauszemes+plat%C4%ABba+gada+s%C4%81kum%C4%81&rft.pub=Central+Statistical+Bureau+of+Latvia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.stat.gov.lv%2Fpxweb%2Flv%2FOSP_PUB%2FSTART__ENV__DR__DRT%2FDRT011%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-d63fe4f9b7d344c580a498a73197df380eb506ae-v18-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-d63fe4f9b7d344c580a498a73197df380eb506ae-v18_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/OSP_PUB/START__POP__IR__IRE/IRE071/">"Iedzīvotāju skaits pēc tautības reģionos, pilsētās, novados, pagastos, apkaimēs un blīvi apdzīvotās teritorijās gada sākumā (pēc administratīvi teritoriālās reformas 2021. gadā)"</a>. Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iedz%C4%ABvot%C4%81ju+skaits+p%C4%93c+taut%C4%ABbas+re%C4%A3ionos%2C+pils%C4%93t%C4%81s%2C+novados%2C+pagastos%2C+apkaim%C4%93s+un+bl%C4%ABvi+apdz%C4%ABvot%C4%81s+teritorij%C4%81s+gada+s%C4%81kum%C4%81+%28p%C4%93c+administrat%C4%ABvi+teritori%C4%81l%C4%81s+reformas+2021.+gad%C4%81%29&rft.pub=Central+Statistical+Bureau+of+Latvia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.stat.gov.lv%2Fpxweb%2Flv%2FOSP_PUB%2FSTART__POP__IR__IRE%2FIRE071%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strods-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Strods_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrods2000" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Strods, Heinrihs (2000). "Salaspils koncentrācijas nometne (1944. gada oktobris – 1944. gada septembris)". <i>Yearbook of the Occupation Museum of Latvia</i> (in Latvian). <b>2000</b>: 87–153. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1407-6330">1407-6330</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yearbook+of+the+Occupation+Museum+of+Latvia&rft.atitle=Salaspils+koncentr%C4%81cijas+nometne+%281944.+gada+oktobris+%E2%80%93+1944.+gada+septembris%29&rft.volume=2000&rft.pages=87-153&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=1407-6330&rft.aulast=Strods&rft.aufirst=Heinrihs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngrickKlein,_Peter2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Angrick, Andrej; Klein, Peter (2006). <i>Die "Endlösung" in Riga: Ausbeutung und Vernichtung 1941–1944</i> (in German). Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. p. 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-534-19149-8" title="Special:BookSources/3-534-19149-8"><bdi>3-534-19149-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/69983159">69983159</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+%22Endl%C3%B6sung%22+in+Riga%3A+Ausbeutung+und+Vernichtung+1941%E2%80%931944&rft.place=Darmstadt&rft.pages=269&rft.pub=Wissenschaftliche+Buchgesellschaft&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F69983159&rft.isbn=3-534-19149-8&rft.aulast=Angrick&rft.aufirst=Andrej&rft.au=Klein%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aiz-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aiz_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKangerisNeiburgs,_UldisVīksne,_Rudīte2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kangeris, Kārlis; Neiburgs, Uldis; Vīksne, Rudīte (2016). <i>Aiz šiem vārtiem vaid zeme. Salaspils nometne 1941 – 1944</i> (in Latvian). Rīga: Lauku Avīze. p. 430. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789934151286" title="Special:BookSources/9789934151286"><bdi>9789934151286</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aiz+%C5%A1iem+v%C4%81rtiem+vaid+zeme.+Salaspils+nometne+1941+%E2%80%93+1944&rft.place=R%C4%ABga&rft.pages=430&rft.pub=Lauku+Av%C4%ABze&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9789934151286&rft.aulast=Kangeris&rft.aufirst=K%C4%81rlis&rft.au=Neiburgs%2C+Uldis&rft.au=V%C4%ABksne%2C+Rud%C4%ABte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diena.lv/arhivs/krievijas-sarupeta-gramata-atrazo-nepatiesus-mitus-par-nacismu-latvija-12859455">"Arhīvs / Diena"</a>. <i>www.diena.lv</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.diena.lv&rft.atitle=Arh%C4%ABvs+%2F+Diena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diena.lv%2Farhivs%2Fkrievijas-sarupeta-gramata-atrazo-nepatiesus-mitus-par-nacismu-latvija-12859455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <i>Latvia Under The Yoke Of Nazism: Collected Archive Documents</i>, Moscow: Europe Publisher, 2006, p.83, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://narod.yandex.ru/100.xhtml?kz44.narod.ru/Latvia.pdf">available online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=47303">"Question about Salaspils • Axis History Forum"</a>. <i>Axis History Forum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Axis+History+Forum&rft.atitle=Question+about+Salaspils+%E2%80%A2+Axis+History+Forum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforum.axishistory.com%2Fviewtopic.php%3Ff%3D6%26t%3D47303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150625062618/http://www.salaspils.lv/novads/sadraudzibas-pilsetas">"Sadraudzības pilsētas"</a>. <i>salaspils.lv</i> (in Latvian). Salaspils. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salaspils.lv/novads/sadraudzibas-pilsetas">the original</a> on 2015-06-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=salaspils.lv&rft.atitle=Sadraudz%C4%ABbas+pils%C4%93tas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salaspils.lv%2Fnovads%2Fsadraudzibas-pilsetas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalaspils" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities,_municipalities_and_parishes_of_the_defunct_Riga_District" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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title="Template talk:Cities and parishes of Riga District"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_and_parishes_of_Riga_District" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities and parishes of Riga District"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities,_municipalities_and_parishes_of_the_defunct_Riga_District" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Latvia" title="List of cities and towns in Latvia">Cities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Latvia">municipalities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parishes of Latvia">parishes</a> of the defunct <a href="/wiki/Riga_District" title="Riga District">Riga District</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>Cities:</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baldone" title="Baldone">Baldone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balo%C5%BEi" title="Baloži">Baloži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaine" title="Olaine">Olaine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salaspils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saulkrasti" title="Saulkrasti">Saulkrasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigulda" title="Sigulda">Sigulda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanga%C5%BEi" title="Vangaži">Vangaži</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>Municipalities:</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80da%C5%BEi_Municipality" title="Ādaži Municipality">Ādaži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnikava_Municipality" title="Carnikava Municipality">Carnikava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garkalne_Municipality" title="Garkalne Municipality">Garkalne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In%C4%8Dukalns_Municipality" title="Inčukalns Municipality">Inčukalns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropa%C5%BEi_Municipality" title="Ropaži Municipality">Ropaži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salaspils_Municipality" title="Salaspils Municipality">Salaspils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%93ja_Municipality" title="Sēja Municipality">Sēja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigulda_Municipality" title="Sigulda Municipality">Sigulda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stopi%C5%86i_Municipality" title="Stopiņi Municipality">Stopiņi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>Parishes:</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alla%C5%BEi_Parish" title="Allaži Parish">Allaži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab%C4%ABte_Parish" title="Babīte Parish">Babīte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daugmale_Parish" title="Daugmale Parish">Daugmale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krimulda_Parish" title="Krimulda Parish">Krimulda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B6ekava_Parish" title="Ķekava Parish">Ķekava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81lpils_Parish" class="mw-redirect" title="Mālpils Parish">Mālpils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81rupe_Parish" class="mw-redirect" title="Mārupe Parish">Mārupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaine_Parish" title="Olaine Parish">Olaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sala_Parish,_Bab%C4%ABte_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Sala Parish, Babīte Municipality">Sala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Towns_with_town_rights_in_Latvia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Latvian_regional_cities" title="Template:Latvian regional cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Latvian_regional_cities" title="Template talk:Latvian regional cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Latvian_regional_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Latvian regional cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Towns_with_town_rights_in_Latvia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Latvia">Towns</a> with <a href="/wiki/Town_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Town rights">town rights</a> in <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aina%C5%BEi" title="Ainaži">Ainaži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aizkraukle" title="Aizkraukle">Aizkraukle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aizpute" title="Aizpute">Aizpute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akn%C4%ABste" title="Aknīste">Aknīste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloja,_Latvia" title="Aloja, Latvia">Aloja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al%C5%ABksne" title="Alūksne">Alūksne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ape,_Latvia" title="Ape, Latvia">Ape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auce" title="Auce">Auce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80da%C5%BEi" title="Ādaži">Ādaži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldone" title="Baldone">Baldone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balo%C5%BEi" title="Baloži">Baloži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balvi" title="Balvi">Balvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauska" title="Bauska">Bauska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broc%C4%93ni" title="Brocēni">Brocēni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C4%93sis" title="Cēsis">Cēsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesvaine" title="Cesvaine">Cesvaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagda,_Latvia" title="Dagda, Latvia">Dagda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobele" title="Dobele">Dobele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durbe" title="Durbe">Durbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grobi%C5%86a" title="Grobiņa">Grobiņa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulbene" title="Gulbene">Gulbene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iecava" title="Iecava">Iecava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ik%C5%A1%C4%B7ile" title="Ikšķile">Ikšķile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il%C5%ABkste" title="Ilūkste">Ilūkste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaunjelgava" title="Jaunjelgava">Jaunjelgava</a></li> <li><a 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title="Mazsalaca">Mazsalaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81rupe" title="Mārupe">Mārupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogre,_Latvia" title="Ogre, Latvia">Ogre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaine" title="Olaine">Olaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81vilosta" title="Pāvilosta">Pāvilosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piltene" title="Piltene">Piltene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%BCavi%C5%86as" title="Pļaviņas">Pļaviņas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prei%C4%BCi" title="Preiļi">Preiļi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priekule,_Latvia" title="Priekule, Latvia">Priekule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C5%ABjiena" title="Rūjiena">Rūjiena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabile" title="Sabile">Sabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salacgr%C4%ABva" title="Salacgrīva">Salacgrīva</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salaspils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saldus" title="Saldus">Saldus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saulkrasti" title="Saulkrasti">Saulkrasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seda,_Latvia" title="Seda, Latvia">Seda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigulda" title="Sigulda">Sigulda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skrunda" title="Skrunda">Skrunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smiltene" title="Smiltene">Smiltene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staicele" title="Staicele">Staicele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stende" title="Stende">Stende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stren%C4%8Di" title="Strenči">Strenči</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subate" title="Subate">Subate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talsi" title="Talsi">Talsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukums" title="Tukums">Tukums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdem%C4%81rpils" title="Valdemārpils">Valdemārpils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valka" title="Valka">Valka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiera" title="Valmiera">Valmiera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanga%C5%BEi" title="Vangaži">Vangaži</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varak%C4%BC%C4%81ni" title="Varakļāni">Varakļāni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vies%C4%ABte" title="Viesīte">Viesīte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C4%BCaka" title="Viļaka">Viļaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C4%BC%C4%81ni" title="Viļāni">Viļāni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zilupe" title="Zilupe">Zilupe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732986#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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