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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prihlásiť sa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Ďalšie možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobné nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobné nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=sk.wikipedia.org&uselang=sk"><span>Prispieť</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Vytvorenie%C3%9A%C4%8Dtu&returnto=Imprinting" title="Odporúčame vytvoriť si vlastný účet a prihlásiť sa, nie je to však povinné."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoriť účet</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Prihl%C3%A1seniePou%C5%BE%C3%ADvate%C4%BEa&returnto=Imprinting" title="Odporúčame vám prihlásiť sa, nie je to však povinné. 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Je dostupný v 30 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="نسخ جيني – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نسخ جيني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomsko_utiskavanje" title="Genomsko utiskavanje – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Genomsko utiskavanje" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impressi%C3%B3_gen%C3%A8tica" title="Impressió genètica – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Impressió genètica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomick%C3%BD_imprinting" title="Genomický imprinting – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Genomický imprinting" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomische_Pr%C3%A4gung" title="Genomische Prägung – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Genomische Prägung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic_imprinting" title="Genomic imprinting – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Genomic imprinting" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impronta_gen%C3%A9tica" title="Impronta genética – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Impronta genética" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoomne_imprintimine" title="Genoomne imprintimine – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Genoomne imprintimine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%98%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="نقش‌گذاری ژنومی – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نقش‌گذاری ژنومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leimautuminen_(molekyyligenetiikka)" title="Leimautuminen (molekyyligenetiikka) – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leimautuminen (molekyyligenetiikka)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A8ne_soumis_%C3%A0_empreinte" title="Gène soumis à empreinte – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gène soumis à empreinte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inphriont%C3%A1il_(g%C3%A9initic)" title="Inphriontáil (géinitic) – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Inphriontáil (géinitic)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impresi%C3%B3n_xen%C3%A9tica" title="Impresión xenética – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Impresión xenética" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="החתמה גנומית – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="החתמה גנומית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomski_utisak" title="Genomski utisak – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Genomski utisak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perakaman_genomik" title="Perakaman genomik – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perakaman genomik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imprinting_(genetica)" title="Imprinting (genetica) – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Imprinting (genetica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%8E%E3%83%A0%E5%88%B7%E3%82%8A%E8%BE%BC%E3%81%BF" title="ゲノム刷り込み – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゲノム刷り込み" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%A0%84%EC%B2%B4_%EA%B0%81%EC%9D%B8" title="유전체 각인 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유전체 각인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomische_imprinting" title="Genomische imprinting – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Genomische imprinting" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomisk_preging" title="Genomisk preging – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Genomisk preging" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imprinting_(genetyka)" title="Imprinting (genetyka) – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Imprinting (genetyka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impress%C3%A3o_gen%C3%B3mica" title="Impressão genómica – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Impressão genómica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Геномный импринтинг – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геномный импринтинг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetsko_vtisnjenje" title="Genetsko vtisnjenje – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Genetsko vtisnjenje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Утискивање – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Утискивање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetisk_pr%C3%A4gling" title="Genetisk prägling – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Genetisk prägling" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="การประทับตราทางพันธุกรรม – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การประทับตราทางพันธุกรรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Геномний імпринтинг – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Геномний імпринтинг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%B5%84%E9%8A%98%E5%8D%B0" title="基因組銘印 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="基因組銘印" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><p><b>Imprinting</b> (z angl. vtláčanie, vštepenie) je pojem z vedných odborov <a href="/wiki/Etol%C3%B3gia" title="Etológia">etológia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zool%C3%B3gia" title="Zoológia">zoológia</a> a <a href="/wiki/Psychol%C3%B3gia" title="Psychológia">psychológia</a>. Je to ranná fáza v živote zvieraťa, počas ktorej mláďa získava základné poznatky o svete okolo seba. Základnou charakteristikou obdobia imprintingu je fakt, že vedomosti ktoré zviera v tomto čase získa, si zachováva navždy a ďalším učením sa už nedajú pozmeniť. </p><p>Objav imprintingu učinil zakladateľ klasickej <a href="/wiki/Etol%C3%B3gia" title="Etológia">etológie</a> <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Konrad Lorenz</a>, pozorovaním správania vtákov v ranej fáze ich života. <a href="/wiki/Pokus" title="Pokus">Pokusy</a> robil na čerstvo vyliahnutých kačiatkach a húsatách. Zistil, že čo sa naučí zviera vo fáze imprintingu, to ostane otlačené v jeho vedomí a celý život to bude chápať ako nemenný fakt. Keď vo fáze imprintingu nasimuloval kačiatkam alebo húsatám nepravú matku (iného vtáka, atrapu alebo človeka), tieto nasledovali falošnú matku ako vlastnú. </p><p>Znalosti o imprintingu sa využívajú aj v <a href="/wiki/Kynol%C3%B3gia" title="Kynológia">kynológii</a>. U <a href="/wiki/Pes" class="mw-disambig" title="Pes">psov</a> definoval fázu imprintingu kynológ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eberhard_Trumler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eberhard Trumler (stránka neexistuje)">Eberhard Trumler</a> ako obdobie od 18 dňa života šteňaťa, najneskôr do 7. týždňa života. Počas tohoto obdobia prebieha u šteniat vtláčacia (imprintingová) fáza. V tomto období sú šteňatá obvykle u chovateľa, preto je potrebné vybrať si pri kúpe šteňaťa zodpovedného chovateľa, ktorý pozná a dbá zásad imprintingu. V tejto fáze sa šteňa zoznamuje s okolím, učí sa rozpoznávať psov a ľudí. Vo fáze imprintingu je obzvlášť dôležité, aby šteňa prišlo do pozitívneho kontaktu s <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Clovek" class="mw-disambig" title="Človek">človekom</a>. Ak sa tak nestane, nikdy si <a href="/wiki/Pes" class="mw-disambig" title="Pes">pes</a> nevytvorí k človeku pevné puto. Po fáze imprintingu nasleduje fáza <a href="/wiki/Socializ%C3%A1cia" class="mw-disambig" title="Socializácia">socializácie</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zdroje">Zdroje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imprinting&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zdroje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imprinting&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zdroje"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tieger: Etológia, referát (<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://referaty.atlas.sk/prirodne-vedy/biologia-a-geologia/15406">[1]</a>) a iné </p> <div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; font-size: 90%;" class="tright" title="Portály, ktorých súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/36px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/54px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/72px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Portál:Biológia">Biologický portál</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Pes" title="Portál:Pes">Kynologický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="metadata plainlinks stub" style="float:none; clear:both; margin: .5em 0;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color: transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg/30px-Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg/45px-Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg/60px-Spanish_Language_Wiki.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding-left: 0.25em"><i>Tento článok je zatiaľ „<a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%BDhonok" title="Wikipédia:Výhonok">výhonok</a>“. 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