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id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wiktionary</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Translations</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81599729">.mw-parser-output .policy-box{border-top:3px;border-bottom:3px;border-style:solid;border-left:0px;border-right:0px;text-align:center;width:95%;margin:auto;margin-bottom:0.5em;padding:5px 0px}.mw-parser-output .policy-box .policy-box-image{width:72px}.mw-parser-output .policy-box{background-color:#F5F5F5;border-color:#888}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-official{background-color:#F3F5FF;border-color:#88F}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-dp{background-color:#F3F5FF;border-color:#88F}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-ed{background-color:#FFF3FF;border-color:#D4D}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-tt{background-color:#F3FFF5;border-color:#4A4}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.page-inactive{background-color:#F5F5F5;border-color:#999}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.page-obsolete{background-color:#F3F5F4;border-color:#666}.mw-parser-output .policy-box.essay-box{background:none}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box{background-color:#252525;border-color:#666}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-official{background-color:#23252F;border-color:#66B}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-dp{background-color:#23252F;border-color:#66B}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-ed{background-color:#2F232F;border-color:#838}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-tt{background-color:#232F25;border-color:#383}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.page-inactive{background-color:#252525;border-color:#666}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.page-obsolete{background-color:#232524;border-color:#444}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .policy-box.essay-box{background:none}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box{background-color:#252525;border-color:#666}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-official{background-color:#23252F;border-color:#66B}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-dp{background-color:#23252F;border-color:#66B}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-ed{background-color:#2F232F;border-color:#838}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.policy-tt{background-color:#232F25;border-color:#383}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.page-inactive{background-color:#252525;border-color:#666}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.page-obsolete{background-color:#232524;border-color:#444}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .policy-box.essay-box{background:none}}</style> <table role="presentation" class="policy-box policy-dp"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" class="policy-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Accessories-text-editor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="link={{{imglink}}}"><img alt="link={{{imglink}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Accessories-text-editor.svg/50px-Accessories-text-editor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Accessories-text-editor.svg/75px-Accessories-text-editor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Accessories-text-editor.svg/100px-Accessories-text-editor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a></span> </td> <td>This is a <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wiktionary:Policies and guidelines">Wiktionary policy, guideline or common practices page</a>. This is a <b>draft proposal</b>. It is unofficial, and it is unknown whether it is widely accepted by Wiktionary editors. </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Policies</b> – Entries: <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Criteria_for_inclusion" title="Wiktionary:Criteria for inclusion">CFI</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Entry_layout" title="Wiktionary:Entry layout">EL</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Normalization_of_entries" title="Wiktionary:Normalization of entries">NORM</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wiktionary:Neutral point of view">NPOV</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Quotations" title="Wiktionary:Quotations">QUOTE</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Redirections" title="Wiktionary:Redirections">REDIR</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Page_deletion_guidelines" title="Wiktionary:Page deletion guidelines">DELETE</a>. Languages: <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Language_treatment" title="Wiktionary:Language treatment">LT</a> - <a href="/wiki/Category:Wiktionary_language_considerations" title="Category:Wiktionary language considerations">AXX</a>. Others: <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Blocking_policy" title="Wiktionary:Blocking policy">BLOCK</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Bots" title="Wiktionary:Bots">BOTS</a> - <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Voting_policy" title="Wiktionary:Voting policy">VOTES</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint plainlinks shortcut-box"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Shortcut" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Shortcut">Shortcut</a>:<br/><code><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Wiktionary:TRANS&redirect=no">WT:TRANS</a></code></div> <p>This describes how to handle <b>foreign translations of English words in the English Wiktionary</b>. It is an extension of <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Entry_layout#Translations" title="Wiktionary:Entry layout">Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Sources"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Sources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Scope"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Scope</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Organization"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Organization</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Redundancy"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Redundancy</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Which_translations_to_add"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Which translations to add</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#How_to_add_translations"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">How to add translations</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Using_the_"Add_translation_button""><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Using the "Add translation button"</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Editing_the_source"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Editing the source</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Example"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Translations_to_be_checked"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Translations to be checked</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Cut-’n’-paste_template"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Cut-’n’-paste template</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Sources"></span>Sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Sources"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><b>If you are uncertain about a translation</b>, replace <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t#top" title="Template:t">t</a>|...}}</code> with <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t-check#top" title="Template:t-check">t-check</a>|...}}</code> or <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2B#top" title="Template:t+">t+</a>|...}}</code> with <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2Bcheck#top" title="Template:t+check">t+check</a>|...}}</code>, so that a native speaker or expert translator can check the translation.</li> <li><b>Never rely on automatic translation software</b> to generate translations into a language you don’t speak. Translation software rarely gives accurate results.</li> <li><b>Do not copy from translating dictionaries</b> (bilingual or multilingual) as this may constitute copyright violation. This applies to dictionaries both in print form and online. Dictionaries that are <a href="/wiki/public_domain" title="public domain">out of copyright</a> may be used.</li> <li>Similarly, <b>do not blindly copy from Wikipedia</b> (e.g. by checking the page-names on foreign-language Wikipedias). Some Wikipedia articles may provide the only “attestation” of a certain term in a given language, and Wikipedia is not a valid source of attestations for Wiktionary. This sometimes yields especially egregious and <a href="/wiki/Special:Diff/50616669/51713900" title="Special:Diff/50616669/51713900">anachronistic</a> results with Wikipedias in dead languages such as <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gothic" title="Gothic">Gothic</a>, for which neologisms have been invented by Wikipedians eager to find words to describe modern concepts. Such terms generally do not meet our <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:ATTEST" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:ATTEST">attestation policy</a>, clashing with the fact that <b>words added to translation tables are subject to attestation requirements as well.</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Scope" data-mw-thread-id="h-Scope"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Scope"></span>Scope<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Scope"></span></h2></div> <p><b>Only English</b> terms are to be translated. In entries for foreign (i.e. non-English-language) terms, an English translation is usually given instead of a definition. </p><p>Translation between two foreign languages is handled on the Wiktionaries in those languages. For example, a reader who wants to translate a Hindi word to Japanese should have some command of either language and look in <a href="https://hi.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0" class="extiw" title="hi:मुख्य पृष्ठ">the Hindi</a> or <a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" class="extiw" title="ja:メインページ">Japanese Wiktionary</a>. There is one exception to this principle: we do provide translations of idioms that exist in several non-English languages, but have no natural English equivalent. These translations are located at subpages of <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Terms_with_no_English_equivalent" title="Appendix:Terms with no English equivalent">Appendix:Terms with no English equivalent</a>. </p><p>English inflected forms will not have translations. For example, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/paints#English" title="paints">paints</a></i> will not, as it is the plural and third-person singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/paint#English" title="paint">paint</a></i>. Where these entries contain additional meanings, these non-inflected (lemma) forms should have translations. For example, the noun <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/building#English" title="building">building</a></i> should have translations, but the present participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/build#English" title="build">build</a></i> will not. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Organization" data-mw-thread-id="h-Organization"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Organization"></span>Organization<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Organization"></span></h2></div> <p>Each “Translations” section is nested within a part of speech header. For example, in a <code>===Noun===</code> section, the translations section begins with the heading <code>====Translations====</code>. </p><p>The translations are separated into divisions for each sense of the English headword. <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-top#top" title="Template:trans-top">trans-top</a>}}</code> creates a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NavFrame" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Wikipedia:NavFrame">collapsible navigation box</a> whose heading shows a <i>gloss</i> (summary) of the translated sense – if this is not provided, the word “Translations” is shown by default. For entries with only a single sense, adding a translation gloss is of little use. For entries with multiple senses, including topical labels in the heading (in plain text, not by using <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:label#top" title="Template:label">lb</a>}}</code>) besides the glosses can greatly increase navigability and is thus advised. </p><p>Within each box for a translated sense, the languages for which translations exist are listed by their English names in alphabetical order. </p><p><code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-bottom#top" title="Template:trans-bottom">trans-bottom</a>}}</code> is used on the line after the last translation. </p><p>You can copy and paste the next code in the entry: </p> <pre>====Translations==== {{trans-top|<var>translation <a href="/wiki/Help:Glosses" title="Help:Glosses">gloss</a></var>}} {{trans-bottom}} </pre> <p>Here’s an example for a word with a noun and a verb definition. Other sections may be included. The order of these sections is explained in <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Entry_layout" title="Wiktionary:Entry layout">Wiktionary:Entry layout</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:English_entry_guidelines" title="Wiktionary:English entry guidelines">Wiktionary:English entry guidelines</a>. The order of the translation boxes should correspond to the order of the senses. </p> <pre>==English== ===Noun=== {{en-noun}} # [[first|First]] [[definition]]. # Second definition. ====Translations==== {{trans-top|first definition}} * Abkhaz: {{t|ab|example 1}} * Afar: {{t|aa|example 2}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|second definition}} {{trans-bottom}} ===Verb=== {{en-verb}} # Third definition. ====Translations==== {{trans-top|third definition}} {{trans-bottom}} </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Redundancy" data-mw-thread-id="h-Redundancy-Organization"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Redundancy-Organization"></span>Redundancy<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Redundancy-Organization"></span></h3></div> <p>Reducing the number of redundant translation boxes is strongly recommended. In the case of <i>perfect</i> synonyms, the template <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-see#top" title="Template:trans-see">trans-see</a>}}</code> shall be used without exception. For close synonyms, it should be decided on a case-by-case basis whether <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-see#top" title="Template:trans-see">trans-see</a>}}</code> or <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-top-also#top" title="Template:trans-top-also">trans-top-also</a>}}</code> is more appropriate; see for instance <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/vapor#English" title="vapor">vapor</a></i>. </p><p>In cases where both an English term and its abbreviation exist as standalone articles on Wiktionary (as is the case for for instance <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/artificial_intelligence#English" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a></i> and <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/AI#English" title="AI">AI</a></i>), abbreviations of the translations of the unabbreviated English term are not eligible as translations of the unabbreviated English term and vice versa; as an example, German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/KI#German" title="KI">KI</a></i> (initialism of <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/k%C3%BCnstliche_Intelligenz#German" title="künstliche Intelligenz">künstliche Intelligenz</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">artificial intelligence</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>) belongs in the translation box of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/AI#English" title="AI">AI</a></i> and is not allowed as a translation of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/artificial_intelligence#English" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Which_translations_to_add" data-mw-thread-id="h-Which_translations_to_add"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Which_translations_to_add"></span>Which translations to add<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Which_translations_to_add"></span></h2></div> <p>Only <a href="/wiki/lemma" title="lemma">lemma</a> forms are eligible as translations, because including all inflected forms in the translation table would render them almost unnavigable. Consequently, <a href="/wiki/adjective" title="adjective">adjectives</a> typically shouldn't be labeled with their <a href="/wiki/grammatical_gender" title="grammatical gender">grammatical gender</a> even in languages that <a href="/wiki/decline" title="decline">decline</a> adjectives. Possible exceptions to the first rule are <a href="/wiki/proper_noun" title="proper noun">proper nouns</a> that cannot be <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:ATTEST" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:ATTEST">attested</a> in their lemmatized form and phrases that grammatically don't allow lemmatization. In a similar vein, instead of inventing unattestable <a href="/wiki/protologism" title="protologism">protologisms</a>, the template <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:no_equivalent_translation#top" title="Template:no equivalent translation">no equivalent translation</a>}}</code> or <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:not_used#top" title="Template:not used">not used</a>}}</code> should be employed. If there are multiple <a href="/wiki/paraphrase" title="paraphrase">paraphrases</a> in the target language for an English term but no direct translations, one such paraphrase may be provided after <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:no_equivalent_translation#top" title="Template:no equivalent translation">no equivalent translation</a>}}</code>. However, if there is only one <a href="/wiki/idiomatic" title="idiomatic">idiomatic</a> way to express the idea that is conveyed by the English term even be it a paraphrase, it may be added directly without the use of this template. </p><p>Many translation boxes have a header that summarizes the key points of the corresponding sense's definition. However, it is usually not sufficiently precise to base one's translation solely on it. Instead, the whole sense definition has to be yielded consideration, especially the sense's labels. A good test in general is to (in one's mind) translate an English sentence where the word occurs in the right sense and see which target language terms best correspond to it. </p><p>The aim of translation boxes is to provide as <i>precise</i> as possible translations and not as many as possible. If a term already has a perfectly fitting translation in a target language, then adding more terms that are merely <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:NYMS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:NYMS">semantically related</a> but not synonymous in the target language is heavily discouraged, especially if the English term with a parallel semantic relation already has its own entry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_to_add_translations" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_to_add_translations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_to_add_translations"></span>How to add translations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_to_add_translations"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_the_"Add_translation_button"" data-mw-thread-id="h-Using_the_"Add_translation_button"-How_to_add_translations"><span id="Using_the_.22Add_translation_button.22"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Using_the_"Add_translation_button"-How_to_add_translations"></span>Using the "Add translation button"<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Using_the_"Add_translation_button"-How_to_add_translations"></span></h3></div> <div class="noprint plainlinks shortcut-box"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Shortcut" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:Shortcut">Shortcut</a>:<br/><code><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Wiktionary:EDIT&redirect=no">WT:EDIT</a></code></div> <p>In addition to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisualEditor" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> (which is accessed at “Preferences” under “Editing”), you can add translations in a visual way, employing the “<a href="/wiki/MediaWiki_talk:Gadget-TranslationAdder.js" title="MediaWiki talk:Gadget-TranslationAdder.js">Add translation table button</a>” in the Translations section. </p><p>After clicking in the “show” element (generated by the <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-top#top" title="Template:trans-top">trans-top</a>}}</code> template), you should see a line at the end of the table something like </p> <ul><li><span style="color:#00F">Add translation</span> <span style="outline: 1px #333 solid;padding:3px;"> </span><b>:</b> <span style="outline: 1px #333 solid;width:8em;padding:3px;"> </span> <span style="background-color: #CCC; padding: 3px;">Preview translation</span> <span style="color: #00F">More</span><br/>◻ masc. ◻ masc. pl. ◻ fem. ◻ fem. pl.</li></ul> <ul><li>The first box is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639">ISO 639-1 or ISO 639-3 language code</a> (for common languages, you can put in the language name, and it will give you the code).</li> <li>The second box is the translation to add. This should normally be one word, if you attempt to add many separated by commas you will get a warning. If you want to request a translation set the word to <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t-needed#top" title="Template:t-needed">t-needed</a>}}</code>.</li> <li>The second line contains gender check boxes, normally only one should be ticked. Though occasionally more are needed. The gender tick-boxes are normally only needed for nouns, “<a href="/wiki/common" title="common">common</a> gender” tends to be used for languages where male and female have combined into one class, whereas “<a href="/wiki/neuter" title="neuter">neuter</a>” is a separate gender that is neither male or female.</li> <li>Clicking “More” opens the extra options (really intended only for advanced users)</li> <li>Clicking “Preview translation” will try to make the edit, and display the “Save changes”, “undo” and “redo” page buttons in the top left. You can click in the “Save changes” button to store the translation or click in the “X” to <a href="/wiki/cancel" title="cancel">cancel</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editing_the_source" data-mw-thread-id="h-Editing_the_source-How_to_add_translations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Editing_the_source-How_to_add_translations"></span>Editing the source<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Editing_the_source-How_to_add_translations"></span></h3></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/wikitext" title="wikitext">wikitext</a>, for each translation into a foreign language, the language name is preceded by a <a href="/wiki/bullet" title="bullet">bullet</a> (generated by <code>*</code>) followed by the translations into that language, each linked to the main entry for the foreign term in the English Wiktionary (blue link if entry already exists; red link if it doesn’t). Language names are not to be wikified (i.e. the name should not link to the language definition page). </p> <ul><li>Use <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2B#top" title="Template:t+">t+</a>}}</code> with an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639-1">ISO 639-1</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-3" class="extiw" title="w:ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a> language code to create a link to the English Wiktionary entry for the foreign word and a link to its entry in the Wiktionary of the target language: <dl><dd><pre>* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|vorto}}</pre> <ul><li>Esperanto: <span class="Latn" lang="eo"><a href="/wiki/vorto#Esperanto" title="vorto">vorto</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://eo.wiktionary.org/wiki/vorto" class="extiw" title="eo:vorto">(eo)</a></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>If the foreign term uses a script other than the Latin (roman) alphabet and no auto-transliteration is available, indicate the Latin (Roman) transliteration with <code>tr=</code>, Japanese <a href="/wiki/kanji" title="kanji">kanji</a> may also have the reading indicated with <a href="/wiki/hiragana" title="hiragana">hiragana</a>: <dl><dd><pre>* Japanese: {{t+|ja|言葉|tr=ことば, kotoba}}</pre> <ul><li>Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%91%89#Japanese" title="言葉">言葉</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%91%89" class="extiw" title="ja:言葉">(ja)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr">ことば, kotoba</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>If the foreign term has a grammatical gender, specify it: <dl><dd><pre>* Latin: {{t+|la|verbum|n}}</pre> <ul><li>Latin: <span class="Latn" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/verbum#Latin" title="verbum">verbum</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/verbum" class="extiw" title="la:verbum">(la)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>To specify the pronunciation, detailed grammatical information, usage notes, or literal translations of idioms back into English, use the foreign term’s entry rather than the English term’s Translations section. For example, when translating <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/bell_bottoms#English" title="bell bottoms">bell bottoms</a></i> into French, do not follow this with the literal translation back into English of “elephant’s feet”: <dl><dd><ul><li>French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/pattes_d%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant#French" title="pattes d'éléphant">pattes d’éléphant</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/pattes_d%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant" class="extiw" title="fr:pattes d'éléphant">(fr)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr> <abbr title="plural number">pl</abbr></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>German translation of “<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/none_of_your_beeswax#English" title="none of your beeswax">none of your beeswax</a></span>”: <dl><dd><ul><li>German: <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=nicht_dein_Bier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="nicht dein Bier (page does not exist)">nicht dein Bier</a></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>If the translation there is more than one translation option, give a concise English explanation of the options with full translations for each rather than abbreviations. For example, for <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ankle#English" title="ankle">ankle</a></i>, an abbreviation such as *<i>(Fuß-) Knöchel</i> is not recommended, as it is liable to be misunderstood. Rather: <dl><dd><ul><li>German: <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kn%C3%B6chel#German" title="Knöchel">Knöchel</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kn%C3%B6chel" class="extiw" title="de:Knöchel">(de)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Fu%C3%9Fkn%C3%B6chel#German" title="Fußknöchel">Fußknöchel</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>If you are uncertain about a given translation, replace <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t#top" title="Template:t">t</a>|...}}</code> by <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t-check#top" title="Template:t-check">t-check</a>|...}}</code> or <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2B#top" title="Template:t+">t+</a>|...}}</code> by <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2Bcheck#top" title="Template:t+check">t+check</a>|...}}</code> so a native speaker or expert translator can check the translation. <dl><dd><pre>* Spanish: {{t+check|es|palabra|f}}</pre> <ul><li>Spanish: <span class="ttbc"><sup class="ttbc">(please <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Translations_to_be_checked">verify</a>)</sup> <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/palabra#Spanish" title="palabra">palabra</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/palabra" class="extiw" title="es:palabra">(es)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>When a translation in the target language is not a lemma form, use <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2B#top" title="Template:t+">t+</a>|...|alt=}}</code> parameter to display the translation but use lemma-forms as the page name, e.g. the Russian translation of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/asleep#English" title="asleep">asleep</a></i> links to the Russian verb <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C#Russian" title="спать">спать</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">spatʹ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to sleep</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> but displays <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C#Russian" title="спать">спя́щий</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">spjáščij</span>, literally <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">sleeping</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, which is an equivalent of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/asleep#English" title="asleep">asleep</a></i>. <dl><dd><pre>* Russian: {{t+|ru|спать|alt=спя́щий}}</pre> <ul><li>Russian: <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C#Russian" title="спать">спя́щий</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:спать">(ru)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">spjáščij</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>Where no idiomatic translation exists, a translation may be given as separate, square bracketed links inside the <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t#top" title="Template:t">t</a>}}</code> templates. For example, in the verb <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/star#English" title="star">star</a></i>, which has no literal equivalent in French: <dl><dd><pre>* French: {{t|fr|[[tenir]] le [[rôle]] [[principal]]}}</pre> <ul><li>French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/tenir#French" title="tenir">tenir</a> le <a href="/wiki/r%C3%B4le#French" title="rôle">rôle</a> <a href="/wiki/principal#French" title="principal">principal</a></span></li></ul></dd></dl></li> <li>Nesting translations under other translations is achieved using the wiki markup <code>*:</code>. Nesting is done for languages that are considered subclasses of another language, or languages with multiple scripts, such as the Latin and Cyrillic forms of Serbo-Croatian. <dl><dd><div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span>* Serbo-Croatian: *: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|на̀ра̄нџа|f}}, {{t|sh|помо̀ра̄нџа|f}} *: Roman: {{t|sh|nàrāndža|f}}, {{t|sh|pomòrāndža|f}} </pre></div> <ul><li>Serbo-Croatian: <dl><dd>Cyrillic: <span class="Cyrl" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0#Serbo-Croatian" title="наранџа">на̀ра̄нџа</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span>, <span class="Cyrl" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0#Serbo-Croatian" title="поморанџа">помо̀ра̄нџа</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></dd> <dd>Roman: <span class="Latn" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/narand%C5%BEa#Serbo-Croatian" title="narandža">nàrāndža</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/pomorand%C5%BEa#Serbo-Croatian" title="pomorandža">pomòrāndža</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></dd></dl></li></ul></dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Example" data-mw-thread-id="h-Example"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Example"></span>Example<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Example"></span></h2></div> <p>Here is an example (a shortened version of the entry for <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/orange#English" title="orange">orange</a></i>) illustrating some of the conventions: </p> <pre>===Noun=== {{en-noun}} # The [[fruit]] of the [[orange tree]]. # The [[reddish]]-[[yellow]] [[colour]] of an orange. ====Translations==== {{trans-top|fruit of the orange tree}} * French: {{t|fr|orange|f}} * German: {{t|de|Orange|f}} * Japanese: {{t|ja|オレンジ|tr=orenji}} * Russian: {{t|ru|апельси́н|m}} * Serbo-Croatian: *: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|на̀ра̄нџа|f}}, {{t|sh|помо̀ра̄нџа|f}} *: Roman: {{t|sh|nàrāndža|f}}, {{t|sh|pomòrāndža|f}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|colour of an orange}} * German: {{t|de|Orange|n}} * Hebrew: {{t|he|כתום|m|tr=katóm|alt=כתום / כָּתֹם}} * Latvian: {{t|lv|oranžs|m}} {{trans-bottom}} </pre> <p>That produces: </p> <div style="color:var(--color-base,black);background:none;margin:0;padding-top:.5em;padding-bottom:.17em;width:auto;border-bottom:none;font-weight:bold;font-size:132%;">Noun</div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">orange</strong> (<i>plural</i> <b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/oranges#English" title="oranges">oranges</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li>The <a href="/wiki/fruit" title="fruit">fruit</a> of the <a href="/wiki/orange_tree" title="orange tree">orange tree</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/reddish" title="reddish">reddish</a>-<a href="/wiki/yellow" title="yellow">yellow</a> <a href="/wiki/colour" title="colour">colour</a> of an orange.</li></ol> <dl><dt><b>Translations</b></dt></dl> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-fruit_of_the_orange_tree"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">fruit of the orange tree</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="fruit of the orange tree"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81584270">.mw-parser-output .translations{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .translations-cell{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0);vertical-align:top;text-align:left}</style> <ul><li>French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/orange#French" title="orange">orange</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></li> <li>German: <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Orange#German" title="Orange">Orange</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></li> <li>Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8#Japanese" title="オレンジ">オレンジ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr">orenji</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Russian: <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD#Russian" title="апельсин">апельси́н</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">apelʹsín</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Serbo-Croatian: <dl><dd>Cyrillic: <span class="Cyrl" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0#Serbo-Croatian" title="наранџа">на̀ра̄нџа</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span>, <span class="Cyrl" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0#Serbo-Croatian" title="поморанџа">помо̀ра̄нџа</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></dd> <dd>Roman: <span class="Latn" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/narand%C5%BEa#Serbo-Croatian" title="narandža">nàrāndža</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/pomorand%C5%BEa#Serbo-Croatian" title="pomorandža">pomòrāndža</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></dd></dl></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-colour_of_an_orange"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">colour of an orange</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="colour of an orange"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>German: <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Orange#German" title="Orange">Orange</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span></li> <li>Hebrew: <span class="Hebr" lang="he"><a href="/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9D#Hebrew" title="כתום">כתום / כָּתֹם</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="he-Latn" class="tr Latn">katóm</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Latvian: <span class="Latn" lang="lv"><a href="/wiki/oran%C5%BEs#Latvian" title="oranžs">oranžs</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translations_to_be_checked" data-mw-thread-id="h-Translations_to_be_checked-Example"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Translations_to_be_checked-Example"></span>Translations to be checked<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Translations_to_be_checked-Example"></span></h3></div> <p>If it is not clear which sense applies to a given translation, create a “Translations to be checked” table using <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:checktrans-top#top" title="Template:checktrans-top">checktrans-top</a>}}</code> and <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-bottom#top" title="Template:trans-bottom">trans-bottom</a>}}</code>: </p> <pre>{{checktrans-top}} * Spanish: {{t-check|es|palabra|f}} {{trans-bottom}} </pre> <div class="checktrans"> <dl><dd><i>The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Entry_layout#Translations" title="Wiktionary:Entry layout">Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations</a>.</i></dd></dl> </div> <div class="NavFrame"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">Translations to be checked</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="Translations to be checked"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Spanish: <span class="ttbc"><sup class="ttbc">(please <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Translations_to_be_checked">verify</a>)</sup> <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/palabra#Spanish" title="palabra">palabra</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <p>The above templates generate the <i>Translations to be checked</i> header automatically. This table immediately follows the others in the Translations section. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cut-’n’-paste_template" data-mw-thread-id="h-Cut-’n’-paste_template-Example"><span id="Cut-.E2.80.99n.E2.80.99-paste_template"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Cut-’n’-paste_template-Example"></span>Cut-’n’-paste template<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Cut-’n’-paste_template-Example"></span></h3></div> <pre>====Translations==== {{trans-top|SENSE}} {{trans-bottom}} </pre> <p>After creating the section or putting the trans templates, you can add translations using the “Add translation table button”: </p> <ul><li><span style="color:#00F">Add translation</span> <span style="outline: 1px #333 solid;padding:3px;"> </span><b>:</b> <span style="outline: 1px #333 solid;width:8em;padding:3px;"> </span> <span style="background-color: #CCC; padding: 3px;">Preview translation</span> <span style="color: #00F">More</span><br/>◻ masc. ◻ masc. pl. ◻ fem. ◻ fem. pl.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Transliteration_and_romanization" title="Wiktionary:Transliteration and romanization">Wiktionary:Transliteration and romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Languages_with_more_than_one_grammatical_gender" title="Wiktionary:Languages with more than one grammatical gender">Wiktionary:Languages with more than one grammatical gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Entry_layout#Translations" title="Wiktionary:Entry layout">Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Unicode" title="Wiktionary:Unicode">Wiktionary:Unicode</a></li> <li><code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:trans-top#top" title="Template:trans-top">trans-top</a>}}</code></li> <li><code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t#top" title="Template:t">t</a>}}</code> and <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:t%2B#top" title="Template:t+">t+</a>}}</code></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User:Tooironic/Chinese_translation" title="User:Tooironic/Chinese translation">How to Add a Chinese Translation</a></li> <li>Reduce clutter by filtering which translations to show using <a href="/wiki/User:So9q/FilterTranslations.js" title="User:So9q/FilterTranslations.js">User:So9q/FilterTranslations.js</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Criteria_for_inclusion#Translation_hubs" title="Wiktionary:Criteria for inclusion">Translation hubs</a>, <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:translation_only#top" title="Template:translation only">translation only</a>}}</code></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Translations_of_the_week" title="Wiktionary:Translations of the week">Wiktionary:Translations of the week</a> (no longer active)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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