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<span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Missiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Missiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Missiles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Missiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Radars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deployment_and_operational_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deployment_and_operational_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Deployment and operational history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deployment_and_operational_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deployment and operational history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deployment_and_operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Yemeni_Civil_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yemeni_Civil_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Yemeni Civil War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yemeni_Civil_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russo-Ukrainian_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russo-Ukrainian_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Russo-Ukrainian War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russo-Ukrainian_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Command_post" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Command_post"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Command post</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Command_post-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upgrades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upgrades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Upgrades</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Upgrades-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Upgrades subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Upgrades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Belarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Belarus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Operators</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operators-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operators subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Current operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Former operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%8733_%D8%A3%D9%88_%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%87" title="9كيه33 أو أس إيه – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="9كيه33 أو أس إيه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81)" title="Аса (зенітны ракетны комплекс) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аса (зенітны ракетны комплекс)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%D0%9A33_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0" title="9К33 Оса – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="9К33 Оса" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osa_(missile)" title="Osa (missile) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Osa (missile)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%94" title="9K33 אוסה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="9K33 אוסה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osza" title="9K33 Osza – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="9K33 Osza" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33" title="9K33 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="9K33" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8" title="SA-8 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="SA-8" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8" title="SA-8 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="SA-8" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81)" title="Оса (зенитный ракетный комплекс) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Оса (зенитный ракетный комплекс)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%97%D0%A0%D0%9A)" title="Оса (ЗРК) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Оса (ЗРК)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="9K33 Osa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9" title="SA-8导弹 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="SA-8导弹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q694993#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Vehicle-launched surface-to-air missile system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"SA-8" redirects here. For the Apollo flight, see <a href="/wiki/A-104_(SA-8)" class="mw-redirect" title="A-104 (SA-8)">A-104 (SA-8)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/SA8_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="SA8 (disambiguation)">SA8 (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org"> 9K33 Osa <br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/NATO_reporting_name" title="NATO reporting name">NATO reporting name</a>: SA-8 Gecko, SA-N-4 Gekko)</small> </span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg/300px-ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg/450px-ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg/600px-ParkPatriot2015part8-28.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1458" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">9A33BM3 <a href="/wiki/Missile_vehicle" title="Missile vehicle">transporter-launcher</a> and radar vehicle of the upgraded 9K33M3 Osa-AKM.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">6×6 amphibious <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">SAM</a> system</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1971–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Used by</th><td class="infobox-data">See list of <a href="#Operators">present and former operator</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Lebanon_War" title="1982 Lebanon War">1982 Lebanon War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_Civil_War" title="Angolan Civil War">Angolan Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_War" title="Western Sahara War">Western Sahara War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Libyan Civil War">First Libyan Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Armenian%E2%80%93Azerbaijani_skirmishes" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani skirmishes">2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani skirmishes</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="Second Nagorno-Karabakh War">Second Nagorno-Karabakh War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NII-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NII-20 (page does not exist)">NII-20</a> Research Institute</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designed</th><td class="infobox-data">1960–1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Znamya_Truda_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Znamya Truda Plant">Znamya Truda Plant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Produced</th><td class="infobox-data">1970–1988<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> built</th><td class="infobox-data">1,200<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data">OSA-A, OSA-AK, OSA-AKM, OSA-M</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Specifications (OSA-AKM)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">17.5 <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">9.14 m (30 ft 0 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">2.75 m (9 ft 0 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">4.20 m (13 ft 9 in) (radar mast stowed)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Crew</th><td class="infobox-data">5 soldiers</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Main<br />armament</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6 9M33, 9M33M1, 9M33M2 or 9M33M3 missiles</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Engine</th><td class="infobox-data">D20K300 diesel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Ground clearance</th><td class="infobox-data">400 mm (16 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Operational<br />range</div></th><td class="infobox-data">500 km (311 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Maximum speed of vehicle or missile">Maximum speed </span></th><td class="infobox-data">80 km/h (50 mph)<br /> 8 km/h (5.0 mph) (swimming)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>9K33 <i>Osa</i></b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">9К33 «Оса»</span>; English: "<a href="/wiki/Wasp" title="Wasp">wasp</a>"; <a href="/wiki/NATO_reporting_name" title="NATO reporting name">NATO reporting name</a> <b>SA-8 <i>Gecko</i></b>) is a highly mobile, low-altitude, short-range tactical <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missile</a> system developed in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in the 1960s and fielded in 1972. Its export version name is <b>Romb</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG/220px-Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG/330px-Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG/440px-Zestaw_przeciwrakietowy_Osa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Polish OSA-AKM.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Osa was the first mobile air defense missile system incorporating its own engagement radars on a single vehicle. </p><p>All versions of the 9K33 feature all-in-one <b>9A33</b> <a href="/wiki/Transporter_erector_launcher_and_radar" class="mw-redirect" title="Transporter erector launcher and radar">transporter erector launcher and radar (TELAR)</a> vehicles which can detect, track and engage aircraft independently or with the aid of regimental surveillance <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radars</a>. The six-wheeled transport vehicles <a href="/wiki/Bryansky_Avtomobilny_Zavod" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryansky Avtomobilny Zavod">BAZ</a>-5937 are fully amphibious and air transportable. The road range is about 500 km. </p><p>The 1S51M3-2 radar system of the 9K33 Osa <a href="/wiki/TELAR" class="mw-redirect" title="TELAR">TELAR</a> received the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/Codename" class="mw-redirect" title="Codename">codename</a> <i>Land Roll</i>. It was derived from the naval 'Pop Group' radar system but is smaller as it does not require a stabilisation system. An improved system, the Osa-AKM (<a href="/wiki/NATO_reporting_name" title="NATO reporting name">NATO reporting name</a> SA-8B 'Gecko' Mod 1) was first seen in Germany in 1980. It had improvements to the launcher configuration, carrying six missiles in ribbed containers. </p><p>The system is reported to be of the frequency-agile monopulse type. It consists of an elliptical rotating surveillance antenna mounted on top of the array, operates in H band (6 to 8 GHz) and has a 30 km acquisition range against most targets. The large pulsed J band (14.5 GHz) engagement antenna is mounted below it in the centre of the array and has a maximum tracking range of about 20 km. </p><p>Mounted on either side of the tracking radar antenna is a small J band parabolic dish antenna to track the missile. Below it is a small circular antenna which emits an I band uplink capture beam to gather the missile shortly after launch. The final antennas in the array are two small white rectangular ones, one on either side of the array mounted alongside the I band, used for command uplink to the missile. The twin antenna system permits the 'Land Roll' radar to control up to two missiles simultaneously against a single target. </p><p>Two missiles can be guided on different frequencies to further complicate <a href="/wiki/Electronic_countermeasure" title="Electronic countermeasure">electronic countermeasures</a> (ECM). The 9Sh33 electro optical tracker is fitted to and above the tracking radar, used to track the target when the main tracking radar is jammed by ECM. </p><p>A 9K33 battery comprises four 9A33B TELAR vehicles and two <b>9T217</b> transloader vehicles on BAZ-5939 chassis with reload missiles and a crane. A reload time of five minutes has been reported per TELAR. </p><p>In addition to the TELARs, each regiment is assigned a <b>9V914</b> radar <a href="/wiki/Collimation" class="mw-redirect" title="Collimation">collimation</a> vehicle (initially on the BAZ-5938 chassis but more often found on the ZiL-131 truck) that assists in the alignment of the TELAR's radar systems, ensuring accurate target tracking and engagement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SA-N-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/SA-N-4.jpg/220px-SA-N-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/SA-N-4.jpg/330px-SA-N-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/SA-N-4.jpg/440px-SA-N-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="2344" /></a><figcaption>SA-N-4 launcher covered by a circular plate on the <i>Slava</i>-class cruiser <i>Marshal Ustinov</i>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>9K33 "Osa"</b> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">US DoD</a> designation <b>SA-8A "Gecko"</b>) began development in 1960 and was introduced in 1971–1972 with four exposed 9M33 missiles per <b>9A33B</b> TELAR and maximum range of 12 km (7.5 mi).</li> <li><b>4K33 "OSA-M"</b> (<a href="/wiki/NATO_reporting_name" title="NATO reporting name">NATO reporting name</a> <b>SA-N-4 "Gecko"</b>) was introduced in 1972 and is the naval version of the system with two 9M33M missiles on a ZIF-122 retractable rotating launcher and improved performance. It has been installed on <a href="/wiki/Gepard-class_frigate" title="Gepard-class frigate">Gepard-class frigate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kara-class_cruiser" title="Kara-class cruiser">Kara-class guided missile cruisers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiev-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Kiev-class aircraft carrier"><i>Kiev</i>-class VTOL cruisers</a> and also the <i>Kirov</i>, <i>Slava</i> and Krivak classes.</li> <li><b>9K33M2 "Osa-AK"</b> (US DoD designation <b>SA-8B "Gecko Mod-0"</b>) with <b>9A33BM2</b> TELAR was introduced in 1975 with the new six-missile box launcher, each <b>9M33M2</b> missile being a <a href="/wiki/Sealed_round" title="Sealed round">sealed round</a>.</li> <li><b>9K33M3 "Osa-AKM"</b> (US DoD designation <b>SA-8B "Gecko Mod-1"</b>) with <b>9A33BM3</b> TELAR and <b>9M33M3</b> missiles was introduced in 1980 with the maximum range extended to 15 km (9.3 mi) and maximum altitude to 12 km (40,000 ft) as explained above. Most OSA-AKM systems also feature an <a href="/wiki/Identification_friend_or_foe" title="Identification friend or foe">IFF</a> antenna.</li> <li><b>Saman</b> and <b>Saman-M</b> (Russian Саман – <i>adobe</i>) is a development of the Osa\Osa-M system into target drones, used for testing and training with <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> systems, including SAMs.</li></ul> <p>The 9K33M3 is also able<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> to use wire-guided missiles, presumably for use in an <a href="/wiki/Electronic_countermeasures" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic countermeasures">ECM</a>-heavy environment where radio command guidance may not operate properly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Missiles">Missiles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Missiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org"> 9M33 </span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg/300px-Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg/450px-Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg/600px-Osa-AKM_9M33M3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">9M33M3 missile</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-to-air missile</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1971–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Used by</th><td class="infobox-data">See list of <a href="#Operators">present and former operator</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data">MKB "Fakel"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designed</th><td class="infobox-data">1960–1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data">Znamya Truda Plant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Produced</th><td class="infobox-data">1970–1988</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data">9M33, 9M33M1, 9M33M2, 9M33M3, 9A33BM3</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Specifications (9K33M3<sup id="cite_ref-fas_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">170 kg (370 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">3,158 mm (10 ft 4.3 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">209.6 mm (8 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Warhead</th><td class="infobox-data">Frag-HE</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Warhead weight</th><td class="infobox-data">15 kg (33 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002144−145_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002144−145-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Detonation<br />mechanism</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Contact and proximity</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data">Solid propellant rocket motor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Operational<br />range</div></th><td class="infobox-data">15 kilometres (9.3 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Flight altitude</th><td class="infobox-data">12,000 metres (39,000 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Boost time</th><td class="infobox-data">2 s boost, then 15 s sustain</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Maximum speed of vehicle or missile">Maximum speed </span></th><td class="infobox-data">1020 m/s (Mach 2.9)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Guidance<br />system</div></th><td class="infobox-data">RF <a href="/wiki/Missile_guidance#Command_to_line-of-sight" title="Missile guidance">CLOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Steering<br />system</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dual-thrust" class="mw-redirect" title="Dual-thrust">dual-thrust</a> rocket motor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Accuracy</th><td class="infobox-data">5 m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Launch<br />platform</div></th><td class="infobox-data">9P35M2</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Engagement range for early versions is approximately 2–9 km (1.3–5.6 mi) with engagement altitudes of between 50 and 5,000 m (164–16,400 ft). The <b>9M33M2 "Osa-A"</b> missile extends the ranges to 1.5–10 km (1–6.2 mi) and engagement altitudes to 25–5,000 m (82–16,400 ft). The <b>9M33M3</b> missile greatly enhances the altitude engagement envelope to 10–12,000 m (33–42,500 ft), and are able to travel further (about 15 km/9 mi). However, the system is unable to engage targets at longer ranges, due to other factors such as the limitations of the radar tracking of the missiles. The system is designed for use primarily against jet aircraft and helicopters in any weather. </p><p>The 9M33 missiles are 3.158 m (10.3 ft) long, weigh 126 kg (278 lb) and use <a href="/wiki/Command_guidance" title="Command guidance">command guidance</a>. A backup low-light optical tracking system is available for heavy <a href="/wiki/Electronic_countermeasures" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic countermeasures">ECM</a> environments. The latest 9M33M3 missiles have an increased total weight of 170 kg (375 lb) in order to provide extended range coverage and larger warhead. Propulsion is provided by a <a href="/wiki/Dual-thrust" class="mw-redirect" title="Dual-thrust">dual-thrust</a> <a href="/wiki/Solid_fuel" title="Solid fuel">solid fuel</a> <a href="/wiki/Rocket_motor" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket motor">rocket motor</a>. Both versions feature a missile speed of around <a href="/wiki/Mach_number" title="Mach number">Mach</a> 2.4 (peaking at around Mach 3) for a maximum target engagement speed of around Mach 1.4 for the original 9M33 missile and Mach 1.6 for the 9M33M2\M3 missiles. The <a href="/wiki/Warhead" title="Warhead">warhead</a> for 9M33/M2 versions weighs 19 kg (42 lb), increased to 40 kg (88 lb) in the M3 version to improve performance against helicopters. All versions have impact and proximity fuzes. </p><p>Each TELAR is able to launch and guide two missiles against one target simultaneously. <a href="/wiki/Kill_probability" class="mw-redirect" title="Kill probability">Kill probability</a> is quoted as 0.35–0.85 for the Osa and 0.55–0.85 for the Osa-AK and Osa-AKM (presumably depending upon target aspect, speed, maneuverability and radar cross section). Reaction time (from target detection to launch) is around 26 seconds. Preparation time for engagements from transit is around 4 minutes and missile reloading takes around 5 minutes. Each battery of four TELARs is usually accompanied by two reload vehicles carrying 18 missiles in sets of three, with a crane mounted on the reload vehicles to assist in moving the missiles. </p><p>When launched, the booster motor burns for two seconds, permitting the radar to gather and control it at very short ranges (about 1.6 km). The sustainer motor burns for 15 seconds, bringing the missile to a top speed of about Mach 2. Once launched, the missile is command-guided for the whole flight, and the warhead is detonated by its proximity fuze or possibly command. The warhead is said to have a lethal radius of 5 m at low altitude against an <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-4_Phantom_II" title="McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II">F-4 Phantom II</a> size target. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Radars">Radars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Radars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Longtrack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Longtrack.jpg/220px-Longtrack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Longtrack.jpg/330px-Longtrack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Longtrack.jpg/440px-Longtrack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>P-40 'Long Track' radar set</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>1S51M3</b> ("Land Roll") – <a href="/wiki/C_band_(NATO)" title="C band (NATO)">C band</a> target acquisition radar, <a href="/wiki/H_band_(NATO)" title="H band (NATO)">H band</a> conical scan target tracking radar and two <a href="/wiki/J_band_(NATO)" title="J band (NATO)">J band</a> pulse mode fire control radars (range 35 km/22 mi for acquisition, 30 km/19 mi for tracking and 25 km/16 mi for guidance). Mounted on the TELAR.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/P-40_radar" title="P-40 radar">P-40</a></b> ("Long Track") – <a href="/wiki/E_band_(NATO)" title="E band (NATO)">E band</a> early warning radar (also used by <a href="/wiki/2K11_Krug" title="2K11 Krug">2K11 Krug</a> and <a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">2K12 Kub</a>, range 175 km/108 mi), mounted on a tracked vehicle (a modified <a href="/wiki/AT-T" title="AT-T">AT-T</a>).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/P-15_radar" title="P-15 radar">P-15</a></b> ("Flat Face A") or <b><a href="/wiki/P-19_radar" title="P-19 radar">P-19</a></b> ("Flat Face B") or <b>P-15M(2)</b> ("Squat Eye") – 380 kW C band target acquisition radar (also used by the <a href="/wiki/S-125_Neva/Pechora" title="S-125 Neva/Pechora">S-125 Neva/Pechora</a> and 2K12 Kub, range 250 km/155 mi), mounted on a ZiL-131 truck.</li> <li><b>PRV-9</b> or <b>PRV-16</b> ("Thin Skin") – E band height finding radar (also used by 2K11 Krug and 2K12 Kub, range 240 km/148 mi), mounted on a KrAZ-255B truck.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deployment_and_operational_history">Deployment and operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Deployment and operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Produced by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>/<a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, the system was exported to many countries, including <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (from the former <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>), <a href="/wiki/Polish_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish military">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/1982_Lebanon_war" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 Lebanon war">1982 Lebanon war</a> in which Syrian air defenses were obliterated by a massive air campaign against Syrian SAM sites in the Beqaa valley, the Syrians deployed Osas. An <a href="/wiki/F-4_Phantom" class="mw-redirect" title="F-4 Phantom">F-4 Phantom</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Supression_of_enemy_air_defenses" class="mw-redirect" title="Supression of enemy air defenses">SEAD</a> mission was shot down on 24 July 1982 by an Osa system. The <a href="/wiki/Weapon_systems_officer" title="Weapon systems officer">WSO</a> (back seater), Aharon Katz was killed, while the pilot, Gil Fogel, survived and was held captive by the Syrians for two years.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1980s, Cuba deployed several 9K33 Osa units in southern Angola, which posed a significant threat to <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_supremacy" title="Air supremacy">air superiority</a> at shorter ranges.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The South African <a href="/wiki/61_Mechanised_Battalion_Group" title="61 Mechanised Battalion Group">61 Mechanised Battalion Group</a> captured an intact 9K33 Osa anti-aircraft missile system on 3 October 1987 during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cuito_Cuanavale" title="Battle of Cuito Cuanavale">Battle of Cuito Cuanavale</a>. This was the first time that such a system had fallen into possession of non-Warsaw Pact forces, giving Western intelligence agencies an opportunity to examine an important Soviet-bloc weapon system.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Iraq fielded Osa systems during the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">1991 Gulf War</a>. The Russians claimed that it was the most effective system alongside the <a href="/wiki/ZSU-23-4_Shilka" title="ZSU-23-4 Shilka">ZSU-23-4 Shilka</a> at shooting down <a href="/wiki/Tomahawk_(missile_family)" title="Tomahawk (missile family)">Tomahawk cruise missiles</a>, with several downings credited to hits from Osa weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The system also saw use in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Russo-Georgian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Russo-Georgian War">2008 Russo-Georgian War</a> by both the Georgian and Russian militaries. </p><p>Libya deployed 9K33 Osa, with some destroyed during the <a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Libyan civil war (2011)">2011 Libyan Civil War</a> by NATO airstrikes.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yemeni_Civil_War">Yemeni Civil War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Yemeni Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 29 November 2019, Russian sources speculated a Soviet-made 9K33 Osa fired by Houthi forces shot down a <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Army" title="Saudi Arabian Army">Saudi Arabian Army Aviation</a> <a href="/wiki/AH-64_Apache" class="mw-redirect" title="AH-64 Apache">AH-64 Apache</a> in Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neither Yemen nor Iran had any 9K33 Osa in their armed forces, while known Houthi-operated systems are based on the Soviet-made <a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">2K12 Kub</a> surface-to-air missile system which employs a two-stage rocket engine, and the air-to-air missiles <a href="/wiki/R-73_(missile)" title="R-73 (missile)">R-73</a> and <a href="/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile)" title="R-27 (air-to-air missile)">R-27T</a> which both have a single-stage rocket engine.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Air Defense">Armenian Air Defense</a> extensively employed 9K33 Osa missile systems during the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</a>. During the opening days of the war, several videos released by the Azerbaijani military showed several Armenian 9K33 Osa and <a href="/wiki/9K35_Strela-10" title="9K35 Strela-10">9K35 Strela-10</a> vehicles destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Bayraktar_TB2" title="Bayraktar TB2">Bayraktar TB2</a> armed drones,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a number of them destroyed in the following weeks when found on the battlefield.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twelve 9K33 Osa missile systems of Armenian Army were destroyed during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict by Azerbaijani Bayraktar TB2s.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 4 October 2020, an Azerbaijani Air force <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">Sukhoi Su-25</a> aircraft was shot down by Armenian forces, probably by a 9K33 Osa while targeting Armenian positions in Fuzuli. The pilot, <a href="/wiki/Zaur_Nudiraliyev" title="Zaur Nudiraliyev">Colonel Zaur Nudiraliyev</a>, died in the crash. Azerbaijani officials acknowledged the loss in December 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the 9K33 Osa vehicle possibly using passive detection and <a href="/wiki/Shoot-and-scoot" title="Shoot-and-scoot">shoot and scoot</a> tactics to survive the Azerbaijani <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_enemy_air_defenses" class="mw-redirect" title="Suppression of enemy air defenses">suppression of air defenses</a> (SEAD) missions.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russo-Ukrainian_War">Russo-Ukrainian War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Russo-Ukrainian War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png/220px-%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png/330px-%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png/440px-%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A0%D0%A4_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB._004.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Ukrainian 9K33 Osa launcher destroyed during the 2022 Russian invasion.</figcaption></figure> <p>Both Russia and Ukraine have 9K33 Osa systems in their inventory. </p><p>On 30 March 2019, during the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas_(2014%E2%80%932022)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Donbas (2014–2022)">war in Donbas</a>, the Ukrainian Joint Forces reported destruction of an Osa-AKM surface-to-air missile system along with a <a href="/wiki/Zhitel" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhitel">Zhitel</a> <a href="/wiki/R330Zh" class="mw-redirect" title="R330Zh">R330Zh</a> automatic jamming system.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the main phase of hostilities starting in spring 2022, and as of 20 September 2023, 15 losses of 9K33s by Russia are documented with photos or video. Of these, 8 were destroyed, 2 were damaged, 1 was abandoned, and 4 were captured by the Ukrainians.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 March 2022, following the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022–present)">Russian invasion</a>, <i>The Washington Post</i> reported that the United States was sending additional Osa systems to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Command_post">Command post</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Command post"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/PPRU-1" title="PPRU-1">PPRU-M1</a> (PPRU-M1-2) is a mobile command center for a mixed grouping of air defense forces, including 9K33 Osa, and <a href="/wiki/Tor_missile_system" title="Tor missile system">Tor missile system</a>, <a href="/wiki/2K22_Tunguska" title="2K22 Tunguska">2K22 Tunguska</a>, <a href="/wiki/9K35_Strela-10" title="9K35 Strela-10">9K35 Strela-10</a> and <a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">9K38 Igla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Upgrades">Upgrades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Upgrades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belarus">Belarus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Belarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG/220px-%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG/330px-%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG/440px-%D0%A238_%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%C2%BB.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>T38 Stilet</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>9K33-1T "Osa-1T"</b> was developed by UE "Tetraedr" from Belarus. A SAM system comprises combat assets and technical support means, including: <ul><li><b>9А33-1Т</b> TELAR or "Combat Vehicle" (CV), based on the original BAZ-5937 (or the new MZKT-69222) and equipped with a new day/night camera system OES-1T instead of the original day-only 9Sh33 or 9Sh38-2 "Karat";</li> <li>9M33M2 or M3 SAMs, or the new <b>9M33M3-1</b> with a range of 20 km;</li> <li>9Т217-1T Transportation and Loading Vehicle (TLV);</li> <li>9V210-1T Maintenance Vehicle (MV);</li> <li>9V214-1T Alignment Vehicle (AV);</li> <li>9V242-1T Automatic Mobile Check-up and Testing Station (AKIPS) and</li> <li>9F16M2 Ground Equipment Kit (GEK).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><b>T38 "Stilet"</b> is a further development of Osa-1T. Main components are the <b>T381</b> TELAR on <a href="/wiki/MZKT-69222" class="mw-redirect" title="MZKT-69222">MZKT-69222</a> chassis and the new <b>T382</b> missile. Maximum range of targets' destruction 20 km, minimal RCS of targets detected 0.02 m<sup>2</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Osa-AKM-P1 "Żądło"</b> (export name <b>SA-8P Sting</b>) is a Polish upgrade of 9K33M2 "Osa-AK" and 9K33M3 "Osa-AKM". Probably 32 of the 64 systems purchased from the Soviet Union have been upgraded. An upgraded <b>9A33BM3-P1</b> TELAR was displayed at the MSPO 2004 exhibition in Kielce, Poland. The upgraded vehicle is fitted with the SIC 12/TA passive detection and identification system as well as the ISZ-01 IFF system.<sup id="cite_ref-articles.janes.com_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-articles.janes.com-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In 2019, Poland began modification of the whole environment of the Osa system. Those works has been commissioned to WZU Grudziądz. The total cost is about €40-50 million.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png/300px-9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png/450px-9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png/600px-9K33_Osa_Operator_Map_25.10.2023.png 2x" data-file-width="2753" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Operators <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0360d5; color:white;"> </span> Current</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#dd001e; color:white;"> </span> Former</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg/220px-B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg/330px-B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg/440px-B8fnRA7c8Go.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="652" /></a><figcaption>Armenian 9K33 Osa missiles during a military parade in Yerevan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Romanian_SA-8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Romanian_SA-8.jpg/220px-Romanian_SA-8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Romanian_SA-8.jpg/330px-Romanian_SA-8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Romanian_SA-8.jpg/440px-Romanian_SA-8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Romanian 9K33 Osa missile launch at the <a href="/wiki/Capu_Midia_Training_Range" title="Capu Midia Training Range">Capu Midia</a> firing range.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_operators">Current operators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Current operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> – 15 as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024472_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024472-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024179_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024179-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> – Upgraded to the Osa-1T standard<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024180_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024180-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024183_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024183-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> − 24 as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS202477_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS202477-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024428_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024428-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> − 10 as of 2024, operated by the Air Force<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024432_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024432-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> − 8 Osa-AK and Osa-AKM as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024185_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024185-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> – 38 Osa-M as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024100_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024100-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Being transferred to Armenia<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> – 50+ Osa-AKM as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024267_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024267-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009,_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26,_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2009.jpg/220px-The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2009.jpg/330px-The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2009.jpg/440px-The_OSA-AK_Weapons_System_passes_through_the_Rajpath_during_the_60th_Republic_Day_Parade-2009%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption>Indian 9K33 Osa missile system in Delhi during a military parade</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> − 64 as of 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024125_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024125-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modernized to the Osa-AKM-P1 standard<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> – 16 as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024131_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024131-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> – 390 Osa-AKM used by the Ground Forces and 20 by the Naval Infantry as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024193,_199_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024193,_199-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024521_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024521-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024386_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024386-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> – 40 as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024209_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024209-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> – Estimated by the <a href="/wiki/IISS" class="mw-redirect" title="IISS">IISS</a> to have 65 OSA-AKM in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024212_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024212-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Received an unknown number of systems from Poland during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_operators">Former operators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Former operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Artsakh</a> − Seized by Azerbaijan after the <a href="/wiki/2023_Nagorno-Karabakh_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes">2023 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> – 40 in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passed on to the Czech Republic<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> – 41 received from the Soviet Union between 1981 and 1985. 12 sold to Greece after the <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> – 50 systems delivered from the Soviet Union between 1982 and 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as captured Kuwaiti units.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> – retired in 2017, 52 offered for sale.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 35 Osa-AKs sold to Armenia before 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> – Purchased in the late 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Captured by the Iraqi forces in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> – 40 used by the Army and 50 by the Air Defense Command in 1992,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unknown number operational prior to the <a href="/wiki/First_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Libyan Civil War">First Libyan Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> − Captured from Angola. Used for training<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> – 1000+ in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passed on to successor states.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> − 20 in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECullenFoss1992134-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passed on to successor states<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCullenFoss1992" class="citation book cs1">Cullen, Tony; Foss, Christopher F., eds. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ftp.idu.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/ebook/tdg/ADNVANCED%20MILITARY%20PLATFORM%20DESIGN/Janes%20Land-Based%20Air%20Defence%201992-93%20by%20Tony%20Cullen,%20Christopher%20F.%20Foss%20(z-lib.org).pdf"><i>Jane's Land-Based Air Defence: 1992-93</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (5th ed.). Surrey: Jane's Information Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7106-0979-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7106-0979-3"><bdi>978-0-7106-0979-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jane%27s+Land-Based+Air+Defence%3A+1992-93&rft.place=Surrey&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Jane%27s+Information+Group&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-7106-0979-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fftp.idu.ac.id%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Febook%2Ftdg%2FADNVANCED%2520MILITARY%2520PLATFORM%2520DESIGN%2FJanes%2520Land-Based%2520Air%2520Defence%25201992-93%2520by%2520Tony%2520Cullen%2C%2520Christopher%2520F.%2520Foss%2520%28z-lib.org%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/sa-8.htm">Federation of American Scientists page</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130219014816/http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/sa-8.htm">Archived</a> 19 February 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIISS2024" class="citation book cs1">International Institute for Strategic Studies (13 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zIb0EAAAQBAJ"><i>The Military Balance 2024</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-040-05115-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-040-05115-3"><bdi>978-1-040-05115-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Balance+2024&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2024-02-13&rft.isbn=978-1-040-05115-3&rft.au=International+Institute+for+Strategic+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzIb0EAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/osa.htm">Astronautix.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050212225747/http://astronautix.com/lvs/osa.htm">Archived</a> 12 February 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'HalloranFoss2002" class="citation book cs1">O'Halloran, James C.; <a href="/wiki/Christopher_F_Foss" title="Christopher F Foss">Foss, Christopher F.</a>, eds. (2002). <i>Jane's Land-Based Air Defense 2002-2003</i> (15th ed.). Janes Information Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7106-2437-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7106-2437-6"><bdi>978-0-7106-2437-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jane%27s+Land-Based+Air+Defense+2002-2003&rft.edition=15th&rft.pub=Janes+Information+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7106-2437-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rusarm.ru/cataloque/air_def/air_def.pdf">ROSOBORONEXPORT</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928213825/http://www.rusarm.ru/cataloque/air_def/air_def.pdf">Archived</a> 28 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lragir.am/en/2020/07/18/75099">"Orbiter-3 downed in Artsakh hit with OSA AKM modernized in Armenia"</a>. <i>lragir.am</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lragir.am&rft.atitle=Orbiter-3+downed+in+Artsakh+hit+with+OSA+AKM+modernized+in+Armenia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lragir.am%2Fen%2F2020%2F07%2F18%2F75099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVisegrád_242022" class="citation web cs1">Visegrád 24 [@visegrad24] (1 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220301163503/https://twitter.com/visegrad24/status/1498698218854563855">"Ukrainian business owners are doing what they can to help the Ukrainian Army.<br />The owner of a transport company decided to load 2 abandoned Russian 9K33 Osa SAM systems on to a truck and transport them to a Ukrainian Army base"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/visegrad24/status/1498698218854563855">the original</a> on 1 March 2022 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukrainian+business+owners+are+doing+what+they+can+to+help+the+Ukrainian+Army.%3Cbr+%2F%3EThe+owner+of+a+transport+company+decided+to+load+2+abandoned+Russian+9K33+Osa+SAM+systems+on+to+a+truck+and+transport+them+to+a+Ukrainian+Army+base.&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft.au=Visegr%C3%A1d+24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fvisegrad24%2Fstatus%2F1498698218854563855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kupol.ru/company/history">"Прочие с долевым участием"</a>. <i>www.kupol.ru</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111206054446/http://www.kupol.ru/company/history">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kupol.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%81+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kupol.ru%2Fcompany%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130524022815/http://www.raspletin.ru/zenitnyy-raketnyy-kompleks-osa">"Зенитный ракетный комплекс "Оса"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.raspletin.ru/zenitnyy-raketnyy-kompleks-osa">the original</a> on 24 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81+%22%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.raspletin.ru%2Fzenitnyy-raketnyy-kompleks-osa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002145_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO'HalloranFoss2002">O'Halloran & Foss 2002</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html">"Designations of Soviet and Russian Military Aircraft and Missiles"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011201653/http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Designations+of+Soviet+and+Russian+Military+Aircraft+and+Missiles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.designation-systems.net%2Fnon-us%2Fsoviet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002144−145-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002144−145_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO'HalloranFoss2002">O'Halloran & Foss 2002</a>, pp. 144−145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fas-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fas_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/sa-8.htm">"9K33M3 Osa-AKM"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130219014816/http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/sa-8.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=9K33M3+Osa-AKM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.org%2Fman%2Fdod-101%2Fsys%2Fmissile%2Frow%2Fsa-8.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy2013" class="citation book cs1">McCarthy, Don (14 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4cs7BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA53"><i>The Sword of David: The Israeli Air Force at War</i></a>. Pen and Sword. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78159-290-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78159-290-8"><bdi>978-1-78159-290-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sword+of+David%3A+The+Israeli+Air+Force+at+War&rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.isbn=978-1-78159-290-8&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4cs7BAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">George, Edward in: <i>The Cuban Intervention in Angola, 1965–1991</i>, Frank Cass, London, New York, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-35015-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-35015-8">0-415-35015-8</a>, p. 236-237</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Turton, A.R. 2010. <i>Shaking Hands with Billy</i>. Durban: Just Done Publications.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'HalloranFoss2002143_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO'HalloranFoss2002">O'Halloran & Foss 2002</a>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/22/libya.civil.war/index.html?hpt=T1">"U.S. aviators rescued; Gadhafi remains defiant"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. 24 August 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110324052912/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/22/libya.civil.war/index.html?hpt=T1">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=U.S.+aviators+rescued%3B+Gadhafi+remains+defiant&rft.date=2011-08-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2011%2FWORLD%2Fafrica%2F03%2F22%2Flibya.civil.war%2Findex.html%3Fhpt%3DT1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200621071600/https://www.mbs.news/homepage-infinite-scroll/">"Homepage – Infinite Scroll | MBS News"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mbs.news/homepage-infinite-scroll">the original</a> on 21 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Homepage+%E2%80%93+Infinite+Scroll+%26%23124%3B+MBS+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mbs.news%2Fhomepage-infinite-scroll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theaviationist.com/2019/12/02/houthi-rebels-claim-to-have-shot-down-saudi-apache-gunship-and-wing-loong-uav-in-yemen/">"Houthi Rebels Claim To Have Shot Down Saudi Apache Gunship And Wing Loong UAV in Yemen"</a>. 2 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Houthi+Rebels+Claim+To+Have+Shot+Down+Saudi+Apache+Gunship+And+Wing+Loong+UAV+in+Yemen.&rft.date=2019-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheaviationist.com%2F2019%2F12%2F02%2Fhouthi-rebels-claim-to-have-shot-down-saudi-apache-gunship-and-wing-loong-uav-in-yemen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://debriefer.net/en/news-10890.html">"Houthis reveal 2 new air defense systems"</a>. <i>debriefer.net</i>. 25 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=debriefer.net&rft.atitle=Houthis+reveal+2+new+air+defense+systems&rft.date=2019-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdebriefer.net%2Fen%2Fnews-10890.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2020/09/27/azerbaijan-destroyed-twelve-9k33-osa-short-range-anti-aircraft-systems-of-armenia/">"Azerbaijan used TB2 drone to destroy twelve 9K33 Osa short-range anti-aircraft systems of Armenia"</a>. 27 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Azerbaijan+used+TB2+drone+to+destroy+twelve+9K33+Osa+short-range+anti-aircraft+systems+of+Armenia&rft.date=2020-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globaldefensecorp.com%2F2020%2F09%2F27%2Fazerbaijan-destroyed-twelve-9k33-osa-short-range-anti-aircraft-systems-of-armenia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewdick2020" class="citation web cs1">Newdick, Joseph Trevithick and Thomas (28 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/36777/everything-we-know-about-the-fighting-that-has-erupted-between-armenia-and-azerbaijan">"Everything We Know About The Fighting That Has Erupted Between Armenia And Azerbaijan"</a>. <i>The Drive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Drive&rft.atitle=Everything+We+Know+About+The+Fighting+That+Has+Erupted+Between+Armenia+And+Azerbaijan&rft.date=2020-09-28&rft.aulast=Newdick&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Trevithick+and+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedrive.com%2Fthe-war-zone%2F36777%2Feverything-we-know-about-the-fighting-that-has-erupted-between-armenia-and-azerbaijan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news.az/news/span-classred-highlightazerbaijan-destroys-another-osa-anti-aircraft-missile-system-of-armenian-troops-videospan">"Azerbaijan destroys another "Osa" anti-aircraft missile system of Armenian troops (VIDEO)"</a>. <i>News.az</i>. 30 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News.az&rft.atitle=Azerbaijan+destroys+another+%22Osa%22+anti-aircraft+missile+system+of+Armenian+troops+%28VIDEO%29&rft.date=2020-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.az%2Fnews%2Fspan-classred-highlightazerbaijan-destroys-another-osa-anti-aircraft-missile-system-of-armenian-troops-videospan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGDC2020" class="citation web cs1">GDC (27 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2020/09/27/azerbaijan-destroyed-twelve-9k33-osa-short-range-anti-aircraft-systems-of-armenia/">"Azerbaijan used TB2 drone to destroy twelve 9K33 Osa short-range anti-aircraft systems of Armenia"</a>. <i>Global Defense Corp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Defense+Corp&rft.atitle=Azerbaijan+used+TB2+drone+to+destroy+twelve+9K33+Osa+short-range+anti-aircraft+systems+of+Armenia&rft.date=2020-09-27&rft.au=GDC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globaldefensecorp.com%2F2020%2F09%2F27%2Fazerbaijan-destroyed-twelve-9k33-osa-short-range-anti-aircraft-systems-of-armenia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://azertag.az/xeber/Asir_dusmemek_uchun_Su_25_doyus_teyyaresini_dusmen_sengerine_chirpan_sehid_polkovnik_Zaur_Nudireliyev_VIDEO-1674563\?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=b725bc84f4fc754319b8dacfc045414edc673601-1609122188-0-Af6CScwG-QNosTP35mL1VMUuA7xk9QvwWdKwniRdhsj0hqHSI-z9WtEsk5QxtMmDPnQvQBn23SBFwp9f4NqwF-hyHYEaLAglzOU2Gr_RjGZjydtw6WtHPbAcgVz_pcw_zLlVsuSE_DWb-mo41BpwriVI7mMrb_PREjIajOg8FF1aegs2XKZCd66ACdppK7KGTch91GRTqNURlaKtUTfnNamGxdN3b8OrOlvGIiwgGgNPQCzbXvrxe87y2cYs0j4mMu7jh4JF2QMjyr-rxR7reUdLxJ4DGq6bwgCqam-ysIap8yhh0EDq0vgy2Uqp3U7waxo9ow1MlMR01-2UMAd-I0AjRAYtkxd5RLE_lOnd2Nm6VcB1caSuEys30U2npsEorZHbBWtrUOxYrr7j1AVYtuVMVm77ACEC9B9SEQSAqto5bTZ7D_MS0MLdVqM9ZCxw3kyePr3h0cou4cqF7ynJhPRoxTmNpGW-_qmgk4E5YVVrRl2gWAUHta7VPlyyYhkWtjeE21Ho1ZKhSZWVLyZFj2NWIFV0qlbn_iiSotKuIKWEj2Wj7kdxvJ5xzVFGfoDVLg">"Əsir düşməmək üçün "Su-25" döyüş təyyarəsini düşmən səngərinə çırpan şəhid polkovnik Zaur Nudirəliyev VİDEO"</a> (in Azerbaijani). 27 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C6%8Fsir+d%C3%BC%C5%9Fm%C9%99m%C9%99k+%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCn+%22Su-25%22+d%C3%B6y%C3%BC%C5%9F+t%C9%99yyar%C9%99sini+d%C3%BC%C5%9Fm%C9%99n+s%C9%99ng%C9%99rin%C9%99+%C3%A7%C4%B1rpan+%C5%9F%C9%99hid+polkovnik+Zaur+Nudir%C9%99liyev+V%C4%B0DEO&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fazertag.az%2Fxeber%2FAsir_dusmemek_uchun_Su_25_doyus_teyyaresini_dusmen_sengerine_chirpan_sehid_polkovnik_Zaur_Nudireliyev_VIDEO-1674563%5C%3F__cf_chl_jschl_tk__%3Db725bc84f4fc754319b8dacfc045414edc673601-1609122188-0-Af6CScwG-QNosTP35mL1VMUuA7xk9QvwWdKwniRdhsj0hqHSI-z9WtEsk5QxtMmDPnQvQBn23SBFwp9f4NqwF-hyHYEaLAglzOU2Gr_RjGZjydtw6WtHPbAcgVz_pcw_zLlVsuSE_DWb-mo41BpwriVI7mMrb_PREjIajOg8FF1aegs2XKZCd66ACdppK7KGTch91GRTqNURlaKtUTfnNamGxdN3b8OrOlvGIiwgGgNPQCzbXvrxe87y2cYs0j4mMu7jh4JF2QMjyr-rxR7reUdLxJ4DGq6bwgCqam-ysIap8yhh0EDq0vgy2Uqp3U7waxo9ow1MlMR01-2UMAd-I0AjRAYtkxd5RLE_lOnd2Nm6VcB1caSuEys30U2npsEorZHbBWtrUOxYrr7j1AVYtuVMVm77ACEC9B9SEQSAqto5bTZ7D_MS0MLdVqM9ZCxw3kyePr3h0cou4cqF7ynJhPRoxTmNpGW-_qmgk4E5YVVrRl2gWAUHta7VPlyyYhkWtjeE21Ho1ZKhSZWVLyZFj2NWIFV0qlbn_iiSotKuIKWEj2Wj7kdxvJ5xzVFGfoDVLg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122065323/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/armenian-air-defenses-shot-down-azerbaijani-su-25-during-karabakh-conflict-pilot-was-killed-media/">"Armenian air defenses shot down Azerbaijani Su-25 during Karabakh conflict, pilot was killed: media"</a>. <i>Al-Masdar News</i>. 27 December 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/armenian-air-defenses-shot-down-azerbaijani-su-25-during-karabakh-conflict-pilot-was-killed-media/">the original</a> on 22 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Masdar+News&rft.atitle=Armenian+air+defenses+shot+down+Azerbaijani+Su-25+during+Karabakh+conflict%2C+pilot+was+killed%3A+media&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.almasdarnews.com%2Farticle%2Farmenian-air-defenses-shot-down-azerbaijani-su-25-during-karabakh-conflict-pilot-was-killed-media%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/military-news/combat-missions-of-the-azerbaijani-air-force-in-the-second-karabakh-war">"Combat missions of the Azerbaijani Air Force in the Second Karabakh War"</a>. 27 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Combat+missions+of+the+Azerbaijani+Air+Force+in+the+Second+Karabakh+War&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fmilitary-news%2Fcombat-missions-of-the-azerbaijani-air-force-in-the-second-karabakh-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/war/10498560-escalation-in-donbas-one-ukrainian-soldier-killed-four-wounded-amid-19-enemy-attacks-in-past-day.html">"Escalation in Donbas: One Ukrainian soldier killed, four wounded amid 19 enemy attacks in past day"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330190917/https://www.unian.info/war/10498560-escalation-in-donbas-one-ukrainian-soldier-killed-four-wounded-amid-19-enemy-attacks-in-past-day.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Escalation+in+Donbas%3A+One+Ukrainian+soldier+killed%2C+four+wounded+amid+19+enemy+attacks+in+past+day&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unian.info%2Fwar%2F10498560-escalation-in-donbas-one-ukrainian-soldier-killed-four-wounded-amid-19-enemy-attacks-in-past-day.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOryx" class="citation web cs1">Oryx. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/02/attack-on-europe-documenting-equipment.html">"Attack On Europe: Documenting Russian Equipment Losses During The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine"</a>. <i>Oryx</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.almaz-antey.ru/catalogue/millitary_catalogue/">the original</a> on 26 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B+%D0%B8+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.almaz-antey.ru%2Fcatalogue%2Fmillitary_catalogue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tetraedr.com/en/production/production_war/detail.php?ID=10">"933-1 SA-1 Short Range Air Defence System"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141126145745/http://www.tetraedr.com/en/production/production_war/detail.php?ID=10">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=933-1+SA-1+Short+Range+Air+Defence+System&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tetraedr.com%2Fen%2Fproduction%2Fproduction_war%2Fdetail.php%3FID%3D10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGyürösi2009" class="citation web cs1">Gyürösi, Miroslav (January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tetraedr.com/mupload/iblock/d52/d521887e3fe536d84c3440378450e0c0.pdf">"Tetraedr reveals three contracts for Osa-1T"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Janes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141126145511/http://www.tetraedr.com/mupload/iblock/d52/d521887e3fe536d84c3440378450e0c0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 26 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SIPRI+Arms+Transfers+Database+to+Iraq%2C+1970-2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sipri.org%2Fcontents%2Farmstrad%2Fatirq_data.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNajib2017" class="citation web cs1">Najib, Mohammed (27 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171104074342/http://www.janes.com/article/75246/jordan-to-sell-osa-sams">"Jordan to sell Osa SAMs"</a>. <i>Jane's</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janes.com/article/75246/jordan-to-sell-osa-sams">the original</a> on 4 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jane%27s&rft.atitle=Jordan+to+sell+Osa+SAMs&rft.date=2017-10-27&rft.aulast=Najib&rft.aufirst=Mohammed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.janes.com%2Farticle%2F75246%2Fjordan-to-sell-osa-sams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitzerOliemans2021" class="citation web cs1">Mitzer, Stijn; Oliemans, Joost (2 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2021/10/armenias-last-deterrent-buk-m1-2.html">"Armenia's Last Deterrent: The Buk-M1-2 SAM System"</a>. <i>Oryx Blog</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oryx+Blog&rft.atitle=Armenia%27s+Last+Deterrent%3A+The+Buk-M1-2+SAM+System&rft.date=2021-10-02&rft.aulast=Mitzer&rft.aufirst=Stijn&rft.au=Oliemans%2C+Joost&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oryxspioenkop.com%2F2021%2F10%2Farmenias-last-deterrent-buk-m1-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitzerOliemans2020" class="citation web cs1">Mitzer, Stijn; Oliemans, Joost (22 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2020/03/kuwaits-little-known-9k52-luna-m-frog-7.html">"The Forgotten Deterrent: Kuwait's Luna-M 'FROG-7' Artillery Rockets"</a>. <i>Oryx Blog</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oryx+Blog&rft.atitle=The+Forgotten+Deterrent%3A+Kuwait%27s+Luna-M+%27FROG-7%27+Artillery+Rockets&rft.date=2020-12-22&rft.aulast=Mitzer&rft.aufirst=Stijn&rft.au=Oliemans%2C+Joost&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oryxspioenkop.com%2F2020%2F03%2Fkuwaits-little-known-9k52-luna-m-frog-7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInstitute_for_Strategic_Studies2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute for Strategic Studies">Institute for Strategic Studies</a> (4 March 2011). <i>The military balance, 2011</i>. London: Routledge. p. 321. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-606-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-606-8"><bdi>978-1-85743-606-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+military+balance%2C+2011&rft.place=London&rft.pages=321&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2011-03-04&rft.isbn=978-1-85743-606-8&rft.au=Institute+for+Strategic+Studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A9K33+Osa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9K33_Osa&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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/></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Osa_surface-to-air_missile_system" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Osa surface-to-air missile system">Osa surface-to-air missile system</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071227053132/http://www.thetankmaster.com/ENGLISH/AFV/OSA.asp">AIR-DEFENCE MISSILE LAUNCHER 9K33 "OSA"( 9A33 -CARRIER, 9M33 – MISSILES)(SA-8 GECKO) – Walk around photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/samsimulator1972/home">9K33M2 OSA-AK (SA-8B Gecko) Simulator</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tanks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tanks</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T-10_tank" title="T-10 tank">T-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PT-76" title="PT-76">PT-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-44" title="T-44">T-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-54/T-55" title="T-54/T-55">T-54/T-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-62" title="T-62">T-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-64" title="T-64">T-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-72" title="T-72">T-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-80" title="T-80">T-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-90" title="T-90">T-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-14_Armata" title="T-14 Armata">T-14 Armata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Armoured_personnel_carriers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">Armoured personnel carriers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tracked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BTR-50" title="BTR-50">BTR-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT-LB" title="MT-LB">MT-LB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-D" title="BTR-D">BTR-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GT-MU" title="GT-MU">GT-MU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTS_(vehicle)" title="PTS (vehicle)">PTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurganets-25" title="Kurganets-25">Kurganets-25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wheeled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BTR-40" title="BTR-40">BTR-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-60" title="BTR-60">BTR-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-70" title="BTR-70">BTR-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-80" title="BTR-80">BTR-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-90" title="BTR-90">BTR-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPM-97" title="BPM-97">BPM-97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-152" title="BTR-152">BTR-152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VPK-7829_Bumerang" title="VPK-7829 Bumerang">BTR Bumerang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-90#Krymsk" title="BTR-90">BTR Krymsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBA-60K2_Bulat" title="SBA-60K2 Bulat">SBA-60K2 Bulat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Infantry_fighting_vehicles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">Infantry fighting vehicles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMP-1" title="BMP-1">BMP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMP-2" title="BMP-2">BMP-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMP-3" title="BMP-3">BMP-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMD-1" title="BMD-1">BMD-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMD-2" title="BMD-2">BMD-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMD-3" title="BMD-3">BMD-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMD-4" title="BMD-4">BMD-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-T" title="BTR-T">BTR-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMPT_Terminator" title="BMPT Terminator">BMPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-15_Armata" title="T-15 Armata">T-15 Armata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurganets-25" title="Kurganets-25">Kurganets-25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Armored_cars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">Armored cars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRDM-1" title="BRDM-1">BRDM-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRDM-2" title="BRDM-2">BRDM-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAZ-46" title="GAZ-46">GAZ-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigr_(Russian_military_vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tigr (Russian military vehicle)">GAZ Tigr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodnik_(Russian_military_vehicle)" title="Vodnik (Russian military vehicle)">GAZ Vodnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VPK-3927_Volk" title="VPK-3927 Volk">VPK-3927 Volk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-98_Kombat" title="T-98 Kombat">T-98 Kombat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_(AFV_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Typhoon (AFV family)">Typhoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Armoured_trains" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armoured_train" title="Armoured train">Armoured trains</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_armoured_train_Yenisei" title="Russian armoured train Yenisei">Yenisei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_armoured_train_Volga" title="Russian armoured train Volga">Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_armoured_train_Amur" title="Russian armoured train Amur">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_armoured_train_Baikal" title="Russian armoured train Baikal">Baikal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NATO_designation_for_Russian_and_former_Soviet_Union_missiles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_and_Soviet_missiles" title="Template:Russian and Soviet missiles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_and_Soviet_missiles" title="Template talk:Russian and Soviet missiles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_and_Soviet_missiles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian and Soviet missiles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NATO_designation_for_Russian_and_former_Soviet_Union_missiles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NATO_reporting_name" title="NATO reporting name">NATO designation</a> for <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> and former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missiles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Air-to-air_missile" title="Air-to-air missile">Air-to-air</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_reporting_names_for_air-to-air_missiles" title="List of NATO reporting names for air-to-air missiles">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K-5_(missile)" title="K-5 (missile)">AA-1 Alkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-13_(missile)" title="K-13 (missile)">AA-2 Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-8_(missile)" title="K-8 (missile)">AA-3 Anab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-9_(missile)" title="K-9 (missile)">AA-4 Awl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-4_(missile)" title="R-4 (missile)">AA-5 Ash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-40_(missile)" title="R-40 (missile)">AA-6 Acrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-23_(missile)" title="R-23 (missile)">AA-7 Apex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-60_(missile)" title="R-60 (missile)">AA-8 Aphid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-33_(missile)" title="R-33 (missile)">AA-9 Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile)" title="R-27 (air-to-air missile)">AA-10 Alamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-73_(missile)" title="R-73 (missile)">AA-11 Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-77" title="R-77">AA-12 Adder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-37_(missile)" title="R-37 (missile)">AA-13 Arrow</a></li> <li>K-74M2 (R-73M)</li> <li>K-77M (R-77M)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novator_KS-172" title="Novator KS-172">KS-172</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Air-to-surface_missile" title="Air-to-surface missile">Air-<br />to-surface</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_reporting_names_for_air-to-surface_missiles" title="List of NATO reporting names for air-to-surface missiles">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10Kh" title="10Kh">10Kh</a> 14Kh 18Kh RV-1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_Komet" title="KS-1 Komet">AS-1 Kennel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-10S" title="K-10S">AS-2 Kipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-20" title="Kh-20">AS-3 Kangaroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-22" title="Kh-22">AS-4 Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSR-2" title="KSR-2">AS-5 Kelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSR-5" title="KSR-5">AS-6 Kingfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-23_Grom" title="Kh-23 Grom">AS-7 Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K114_Shturm" title="9K114 Shturm">AS-8 Kokon AT-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-28" title="Kh-28">AS-9 Kyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-25" title="Kh-25">AS-10 Karen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-58" title="Kh-58">AS-11 Kilter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-25" title="Kh-25">AS-12 Kegler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-59" title="Kh-59">AS-13 Kingbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-29" title="Kh-29">AS-14 Kedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-55" title="Kh-55">AS-15 Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-15" title="Kh-15">AS-16 Kickback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-31" title="Kh-31">AS-17 Krypton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-59" title="Kh-59">AS-18 Kazoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-80" title="Kh-80">AS-X-19 Koala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-35" title="Kh-35">AS-20 Kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-90" title="Kh-90">AS-X-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-59" title="Kh-59">AS-22</a> Kh-59MK2S/69</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-22" title="Kh-22">AS-4M</a> Kh-32</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-38" title="Kh-38">AS-23</a> Kh-38/36</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-38" title="Kh-38">AS-24</a> Kh-36</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-45" title="Kh-45">Kh-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-55" title="Kh-55">AS-25</a> Kh-50</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-101" title="Kh-101">AS-26 Kodiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-90" title="Kh-90">Kh-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-270_Moskit" title="P-270 Moskit">AS-27 Sunburn A</a> Kh-41</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-800_Oniks" title="P-800 Oniks">AS-28 Strobile A</a> Kh-61</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-54_Kalibr" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Kalibr">AS-29 Sizzler</a> Club A</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(missile)" title="Hermes (missile)">Hermes A ATS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kronshtadt_Kh-50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kronshtadt Kh-50 (page does not exist)">Kh-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LMUR" title="LMUR">LMUR</a> Izd. 305</li> <li>Iz 85 Kh-MD-E</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kh-74&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kh-74 (page does not exist)">Kh-74M2 "GZUR"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal" title="Kh-47M2 Kinzhal">AS-X-36 Stone AH</a> (Kh-76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos" title="BrahMos">AS-37 BrahMos</a> AL</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M22_Zircon" title="3M22 Zircon">Zirkon</a> (Kh-72) ASM</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos-II" title="BrahMos-II">BrahMos-II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guided_missile" title="Anti-tank guided missile">Anti-tank<br />guided</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_reporting_names_for_anti-tank_missiles" title="List of NATO reporting names for anti-tank missiles">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3M6_Shmel" title="3M6 Shmel">AT-1 Snapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M17" class="mw-redirect" title="9M17">AT-2 Swatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M14_Malyutka" title="9M14 Malyutka">AT-3 Sagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K111_Fagot" title="9K111 Fagot">AT-4 Spigot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M113_Konkurs" title="9M113 Konkurs">AT-5 Spandrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K114_Shturm" title="9K114 Shturm">AT-6 Spiral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K115_Metis" title="9K115 Metis">AT-7 Saxhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K112_Kobra" title="9K112 Kobra">AT-8 Songster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M120_Ataka" title="9M120 Ataka">AT-9 Spiral-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M117_Bastion" title="9M117 Bastion">AT-10 Stabber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT-11_Sniper" class="mw-redirect" title="AT-11 Sniper">AT-11 Sniper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M117_Bastion" title="9M117 Bastion">AT-12 Swinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K115-2_Metis-M" title="9K115-2 Metis-M">AT-13 Saxhorn-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M133_Kornet" title="9M133 Kornet">АТ-14 Spriggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M123_Khrizantema" title="9M123 Khrizantema">АТ-15 Springer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K121_Vikhr" title="9K121 Vikhr">AT-16 Scallion</a></li> <li>'Avtonomya' IR FF</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(missile)" title="Hermes (missile)">Hermes A/M/K ATS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LMUR" title="LMUR">LMUR</a> Izd. 305</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kronshtadt_Kh-50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kronshtadt Kh-50 (page does not exist)">Kh-50</a></li> <li>Iz 85 Kh-MD-E</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-<br />to-air</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_reporting_names_for_surface-to-air_missiles" title="List of NATO reporting names for surface-to-air missiles">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ground-<br />based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S-25_Berkut" title="S-25 Berkut">SA-1 Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-75_Dvina" title="S-75 Dvina">SA-2 Guideline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-125_Neva/Pechora" title="S-125 Neva/Pechora">SA-3 Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K11_Krug" title="2K11 Krug">SA-4 Ganef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-200_missile_system" title="S-200 missile system">SA-5 Gammon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">SA-6 Gainful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K32_Strela-2" title="9K32 Strela-2">SA-7 Grail</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA-8 Gecko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K31_Strela-1" title="9K31 Strela-1">SA-9 Gaskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">SA-10 Grumble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">SA-11 Gadfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">SA-12 Gladiator/Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K35_Strela-10" title="9K35 Strela-10">SA-13 Gopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K34_Strela-3" title="9K34 Strela-3">SA-14 Gremlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_missile_system" title="Tor missile system">SA-15 Gauntlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">SA-16 Gimlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">SA-17 Grizzly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">SA-18 Grouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K22_Tunguska" title="2K22 Tunguska">SA-19 Grison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">SA-20 Gargoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-400_missile_system" title="S-400 missile system">SA-21 Growler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsir-S1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantsir-S1">SA-22 Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300VM" class="mw-redirect" title="S-300VM">SA-23 Gladiator/Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">SA-24 Grinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K333_Verba" title="9K333 Verba">SA-29 Gizmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morfey" class="mw-redirect" title="Morfey">Morfey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-350_missile_system" title="S-350 missile system">S-350</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M337_Sosna-R" title="9M337 Sosna-R">Sosna-R/RA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Naval-<br />based</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S-125_Neva/Pechora" title="S-125 Neva/Pechora">SA-N-1 Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-75_Dvina" title="S-75 Dvina">SA-N-2 Guideline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-75_Dvina" title="S-75 Dvina">SA-NX-2C</a> M-3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-11_Shtorm" title="M-11 Shtorm">SA-N-3 Goblet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA-N-4 Gecko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K32_Strela-2" title="9K32 Strela-2">SA-N-5 Grail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">SA-N-6 Grumble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">SA-N-7 Gadfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K34_Strela-3" title="9K34 Strela-3">SA-N-8 Gremlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_missile_system" title="Tor missile system">SA-N-9 Gauntlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">SA-N-10 Grouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K22_Tunguska" class="mw-redirect" title="9K22 Tunguska">SA-N-11 Grison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">SA-N-12 Grizzly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">SA-N-14 Grouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">SA-N-20 Gargoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsir-S1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantsir-S1">SA-N-21</a> <a href="/wiki/Pantsir-M" title="Pantsir-M">Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-350_missile_system" title="S-350 missile system">9K</a><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">96</a> <a href="/wiki/S-400_missile_system" title="S-400 missile system">Redut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M337_Sosna-R" title="9M337 Sosna-R">Palash/Palma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ballistic missile">Anti-<br />ballistic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABM-1_Galosh" title="ABM-1 Galosh">ABM-1 Galosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-135_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-135 anti-ballistic missile system">ABM-3</a>/<a href="/wiki/53T6" title="53T6">53T6 Gazelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-500_missile_system" title="S-500 missile system">S-500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-235_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-235 anti-ballistic missile system">A-235</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-surface_missile" title="Surface-to-surface missile">Surface-<br />to-surface</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_reporting_names_for_surface-to-surface_missiles" title="List of NATO reporting names for surface-to-surface missiles">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ground-<br />based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-1_(missile)" title="R-1 (missile)">SS-1 Scunner</a>/<a href="/wiki/Scud_missile" title="Scud missile">SS-1 Scud</a> (<a href="/wiki/R-11_Zemlya" title="R-11 Zemlya">Scud-A</a>/<a href="/wiki/R-17_Elbrus" title="R-17 Elbrus">-B</a>/-C/-D)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-2_(missile)" title="R-2 (missile)">SS-2 Sibling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-5_Pobeda" title="R-5 Pobeda">SS-3 Shyster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-12_Dvina" title="R-12 Dvina">SS-4 Sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-14_Chusovaya" title="R-14 Chusovaya">SS-5 Skean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_Semyorka" title="R-7 Semyorka">SS-6 Sapwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-16_(missile)" title="R-16 (missile)">SS-7 Saddler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-9_Desna" title="R-9 Desna">SS-8 Sasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-26_(missile)" title="R-26 (missile)">SS-8B Sasin 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">SS-9 Scarp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-200" title="UR-200">SS-10 Scrag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-100" title="UR-100">SS-11 Sego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">SS-12 Scaleboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-1" title="RT-1">SS-X-13 Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2" title="RT-2">SS-13 Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-15" title="RT-15">SS-14 Scamp/Scapegoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-20P" title="RT-20P">SS-15 Scrooge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-21_Temp_2S" title="RT-21 Temp 2S">SS-16 Sinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MR-UR-100_Sotka" title="MR-UR-100 Sotka">SS-17 Spanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">SS-18 Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-100N" title="UR-100N">SS-19 Stiletto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSD-10_Pioneer" title="RSD-10 Pioneer">SS-20 Saber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTR-21_Tochka" title="OTR-21 Tochka">SS-21 Scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">SS-22 Scaleboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTR-23_Oka" title="OTR-23 Oka">SS-23 Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-23_Molodets" title="RT-23 Molodets">SS-24 Scalpel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2PM_Topol" title="RT-2PM Topol">SS-25 Sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K720_Iskander" title="9K720 Iskander">SS-26 Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2PM2_Topol-M" title="RT-2PM2 Topol-M">SS-27 Sickle B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSD-10_Pioneer" title="RSD-10 Pioneer">SS-28 Saber 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-24_Yars" title="RS-24 Yars">SS-29 Sickle C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-28_Sarmat" title="RS-28 Sarmat">SS-X-30 Satan 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-26_Rubezh" title="RS-26 Rubezh">SS-X-31 Sickle D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BZhRK_Barguzin" title="BZhRK Barguzin">SS-X-32Zh Scalpel B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avangard_(hypersonic_glide_vehicle)" title="Avangard (hypersonic glide vehicle)">Avangard</a> / HGV Yu-7#</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M730_Burevestnik" title="9M730 Burevestnik">SS-X-33 Stone AN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Naval-<br />based</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10Kh" title="10Kh">14KhK1</a> 15Kh 17Kh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_Komet" title="KS-1 Komet">KS-1 Komet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-20" title="Kh-20">P-20 Sokol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-10S" title="K-10S">P-40</a> <a href="/wiki/KSR-2" title="KSR-2">P-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSShch" title="KSShch">SS-N-1 Scrubber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-15_Termit" title="P-15 Termit">SS-N-2 Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-N-3_Shaddock" title="SS-N-3 Shaddock">SS-N-3c Shaddock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-N-3_Shaddock" title="SS-N-3 Shaddock">SS-N-3a Shaddock 3b Sepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-13_(missile)" title="R-13 (missile)">SS-N-4 Sark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-21_(missile)" title="R-21 (missile)">SS-N-5 Sark/Serb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-1" title="RT-1">D-6</a> <a href="/wiki/RT-2" title="RT-2">D-6M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-15_(missile)" title="R-15 (missile)">D-7 R-15M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-27_Zyb" title="R-27 Zyb">SS-N-6 Serb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-70_Ametist" title="P-70 Ametist">SS-N-7 Starbright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29_Vysota" title="R-29 Vysota">SS-N-8 Sawfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-120_Malakhit" title="P-120 Malakhit">SS-N-9 Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-500_Bazalt" title="P-500 Bazalt">SS-N-12 Sandbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-27_Zyb#R-27K" title="R-27 Zyb">SS-NX-13 Serb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metel_Anti-Ship_Complex" title="Metel Anti-Ship Complex">SS-N-14 Silex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPK-2_Vyuga" title="RPK-2 Vyuga">SS-N-15 Starfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPK-6_Vodopad/RPK-7_Veter" title="RPK-6 Vodopad/RPK-7 Veter">SS-N-16 Stallion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-31_(missile)" title="R-31 (missile)">SS-N-17 Snipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29_Vysota" title="R-29 Vysota">SS-N-18 Stingray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-700_Granit" title="P-700 Granit">SS-N-19 Shipwreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-39_Rif" title="R-39 Rif">SS-N-20 Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RK-55" title="RK-55">SS-N-21 Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-270_Moskit" title="P-270 Moskit">SS-N-22 Sunburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29RM_Shtil" title="R-29RM Shtil">SS-N-23 Skif</a> R29RM</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29RMU_Sineva" title="R-29RMU Sineva">SS-N-23A Skif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29RMU2_Layner" title="R-29RMU2 Layner">SS-N-23B Skif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-80" title="Kh-80">SS-NX-24 Scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-35" title="Kh-35">SS-N-25 Switchblade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-800_Oniks" title="P-800 Oniks">SS-N-26 Strobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-54_Kalibr" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Kalibr">SS-N-27 Sizzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-54_Kalibr" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Kalibr">SS-N-30A</a> 3M-14</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-39M" title="R-39M">SS-NX-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPK-9_Medvedka" title="RPK-9 Medvedka">SS-N-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSM-56_Bulava" title="RSM-56 Bulava">SS-N-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M22_Zircon" title="3M22 Zircon">SS-NX-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M22_Zircon" title="3M22 Zircon">SS-NX-34</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skif_(missile)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skif (missile) (page does not exist)">Skif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-51_Alfa" title="3M-51 Alfa">SS-N-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos" title="BrahMos">SS-N-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos-II" title="BrahMos-II">SS-NX-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status-6_Oceanic_Multipurpose_System" title="Status-6 Oceanic Multipurpose System">SS-NX-38 Canyon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_missile" title="Anti-ship missile">Ship-<br />to-ship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10Kh" title="10Kh">10Kh</a>N</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-N-3_Shaddock" title="SS-N-3 Shaddock">SSC-1B Sepal</a> Redut</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_Komet" title="KS-1 Komet">SSC-2 Salish/Samlet</a> AS/KS-1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-20" title="Kh-20">P-20 Sokol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSShch" title="KSShch">SSC-K P-1</a> Schuka KSShch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-15_Termit" title="P-15 Termit">SSC-3 Styx</a> Rubezh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RK-55" title="RK-55">SSC-4 Slingshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-80" title="Kh-80">SSC-X-5 Scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-35" title="Kh-35">SSC-6 Sennight</a></li> <li>SSC-7 Stone KS 9M728</li> <li>SSC-8 Stone KB 9M729</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-54_Kalibr" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Kalibr">SSC-14</a> Klub N/M 3M14/54</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos-II" title="BrahMos-II">SSC-13</a> <a href="/wiki/BrahMos" title="BrahMos">BrahMos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-800_Oniks" title="P-800 Oniks">SSC-10</a>/<a href="/wiki/K-300P_Bastion-P" title="K-300P Bastion-P">SSC-5 Stooge</a> Bastion P/S</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-270_Moskit" title="P-270 Moskit">SSC-7/12</a> 3M-80MV</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kh-74&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kh-74 (page does not exist)">SSC-X-11</a> "GZUR"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M22_Zircon" title="3M22 Zircon">SSC-X-15</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skif_(missile)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skif (missile) (page does not exist)">Skif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M730_Burevestnik" title="9M730 Burevestnik">SSC-X-9 Stone AN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(missile)" title="Hermes (missile)">Hermes M ATS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(missile)" title="Hermes (missile)">Hermes K ATS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694993#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this 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