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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nikolaus Federmann</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Николаус Федерман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Николаус Федерман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Federmann" title="Nicolás Federmann – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nicolás Federmann" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نيكولاس فيدرمان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيكولاس فيدرمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Federmann" title="Nikolaus Federmann – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nikolaus Federmann" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Федерман, Николаус – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Федерман, Николаус" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ніколаус Федерман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ніколаус Федерман" 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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the neighborhood in Bogotá, Colombia, see <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Federm%C3%A1n_(neighborhood)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolás de Federmán (neighborhood)">Nicolás de Federmán (neighborhood)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Nikolaus Federmann</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Federman_nicolas2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Federman_nicolas2.jpg/220px-Federman_nicolas2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Federman_nicolas2.jpg/330px-Federman_nicolas2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Federman_nicolas2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="423" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait of Nikolaus Federmann</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">~1505<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Ulm" title="Ulm">Ulm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_Imperial_City_of_Ulm" title="Free Imperial City of Ulm">Free Imperial City of Ulm</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">February 1542 (aged ~37)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spain</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Swabians" title="Swabians">Swabian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Nicolás de Federmán</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/List_of_conquistadors_in_Colombia" title="List of conquistadors in Colombia">Conquistador</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1529->1539</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer(s)</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Welser" class="mw-redirect" title="Welser">Welser family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Crown">Spanish Crown</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Deputy leader of <a href="/wiki/Klein_Venedig" class="mw-redirect" title="Klein Venedig">Klein Venedig</a><br />Quest for <i><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado" title="El Dorado">El Dorado</a></i><br /><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Spanish conquest of the Muisca</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Indianische Historia. Ein schöne kurtzweilige Historia Niclaus Federmanns des Jüngern von Ulm erster raise</i> (1557, <i><a href="/wiki/Post_mortem" class="mw-redirect" title="Post mortem">post mortem</a></i>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nikolaus Federmann</b> (Spanish: <i lang="es">Nicolás Féderman</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[nikoˈlas<span class="wrap"> </span>ðe<span class="wrap"> </span>feðeɾˈman]</a></span>) (c. 1505, <a href="/wiki/Ulm" title="Ulm">Ulm</a> – February 1542, <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>) was a German adventurer and <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a> in what is modern-day <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>. He is a significant figure in the history of <a href="/wiki/Klein-Venedig" title="Klein-Venedig">Klein-Venedig</a> (1528–1546), the concession of <a href="/wiki/Venezuela_Province" title="Venezuela Province">Venezuela Province</a> that <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles I of Spain</a> granted to the <a href="/wiki/Welser" class="mw-redirect" title="Welser">Welser</a> banking family and the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Santafe de Bogotá</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nikolaus Federmann was born in <a href="/wiki/Ulm" title="Ulm">Ulm</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>) around 1505. In 1529, he was sent to <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Welser" class="mw-redirect" title="Welser">Welser family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a>, who had signed an agreement to explore the territory of <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. As an agent of the Welser family, Federmann took settlers and miners from <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a> to <a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_de_Coro" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Ana de Coro">Coro</a> in Venezuela in 1529 and 1530. Upon his arrival the governor <a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Ehinger" title="Ambrosius Ehinger">Ambrosius Ehinger</a> appointed him as his deputy. On 30 July 1530 Federmann became responsible for the colony of "Little Venice" (<i>Klein Venedig</i>). Governor Ehinger temporarily handed over authority to Federmann, because he had to go <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a> for health reasons. </p><p>Without the authorisation of the <a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo">Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo</a>, Federmann undertook an expedition in September 1530 in the northern river basin of the <a href="/wiki/Orinoco" title="Orinoco">Orinoco</a>, searching for the "South Sea" (the Pacific), with 110 foot soldiers, 16 mounted soldiers, and 100 <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">natives</a>. However, he did not achieve his goal to open a new trade route to Asia. On 17 March 1531 he returned to Coro with 5,565 pesos of gold. Because of the unauthorized expedition, the governor Ehinger banished Federmann to Europe for a period of four years. </p><p>When he returned to Augsburg, he wrote <i>Indianische Historia. Ein schöne kurtzweilige Historia Niclaus Federmanns des Jüngern von Ulm erster raise</i> (published in 1557). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expedition_in_La_Guajira">Expedition in La Guajira</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Expedition in La Guajira"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Leaving from Coro in <a href="/wiki/Paraguan%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguaná">Paraguaná</a>, Federmann left for the present-day territory of <a href="/wiki/La_Guajira" class="mw-redirect" title="La Guajira">La Guajira</a>, in northernmost Colombia. One of his goals was to secure the <a href="/wiki/Pearl" title="Pearl">pearls</a> that can be found in the Caribbean waters at the coast, and one version of history has it that he founded <a href="/wiki/Riohacha" title="Riohacha">Riohacha</a> in 1535. However, Federmann did not secure <a href="/wiki/Wayuu_people" title="Wayuu people">native</a> divers to search for pearls, and his mission to found a city he wanted to call "Ulma", after his place of birth Ulm, failed. Federmann returned to Coro after reaching <a href="/wiki/Cabo_de_la_Vela" title="Cabo de la Vela">Cabo de la Vela</a> in February 1536 without having founded a settlement on the Caribbean coast of La Guajira.<sup id="cite_ref-RiohachaWebsite_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RiohachaWebsite-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation_of_Bogotá"><span id="Foundation_of_Bogot.C3.A1"></span>Foundation of Bogotá</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Foundation of Bogotá"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conquest_of_Colombia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/330px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="410" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/495px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/660px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="1480" /></a><figcaption>Explored route of Federmann in Venezuela and eastern Colombia in pink, route back to Cartagena in green</figcaption></figure> <p>From Coro, he traveled along the eastern edges of the <a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Oriental_(Colombia)" title="Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)">Eastern Ranges</a> of the Colombian <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a>, through the <a href="/wiki/Llanos" title="Llanos">Llanos</a> and, following the <a href="/wiki/Muisca_economy#Salt" title="Muisca economy">salt trade route</a>, he encountered the eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation" title="Muisca Confederation">Muisca Confederation</a>. Their realm had already been largely conquered and occupied by <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada</a>, who considered the arrival of another conquistador unpleasant.<sup id="cite_ref-ConquistaGonzalo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConquistaGonzalo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together with <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_Belalc%C3%A1zar" title="Sebastián de Belalcázar">Sebastián de Belalcázar</a>, Federmann re-founded the city of <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a> on 27 April 1539. Jiménez de Quesada had failed to fulfill the official requirements of the Spanish Crown concerning the founding of a settlement when he attempted to establish a first Bogotá on 6 August 1538. The three leaders of the conquest expeditions; Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_Belalc%C3%A1zar" title="Sebastián de Belalcázar">Sebastián de Belalcázar</a> and Federmann, met in <a href="/wiki/Bosa,_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bosa, Bogotá">Bosa</a> and agreed to travel back to Spain to ask for compensation for their exploration for the Spanish Crown. Gonzalo assigned his brother <a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_P%C3%A9rez_de_Quesada" title="Hernán Pérez de Quesada">Hernán Pérez de Quesada</a> as interim governor of the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Granada" title="New Kingdom of Granada">New Kingdom of Granada</a> and chose the first mayor and council for the capital. The <a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">chaplain</a> of the team of Federmann, Juan Verdejo, was named priest. Most of the soldiers of the expeditions of Federmann and De Belalcázar decided to stay in Bogotá, reinforcing the troops of De Quesada. Without having found <i><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado" title="El Dorado">El Dorado</a></i>, ten years after his arrival in the New World, in mid May 1539, Federmann returned to the Caribbean coast, to sail to Spain from <a href="/wiki/Cartagena,_Colombia" title="Cartagena, Colombia">Cartagena</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ConquistaGonzalo_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConquistaGonzalo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The work <i><a href="/wiki/Ep%C3%ADtome_de_la_conquista_del_Nuevo_Reino_de_Granada" title="Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada">Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada</a></i> reports they arrived in Spain in November 1539, when the Spanish King was crossing France to reach <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Epitome_p96_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Epitome_p96-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Back_in_Europe">Back in Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Back in Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Europe, Federmann was intercepted by the Welser family, who accused him of breaching his contract and suppressing funds. The Welser family demanded a remuneration of 100,000 ducats in emeralds and 15,000 ducats in gold. Since Federmann could not pay, he spent weeks in an <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> prison. Federmann tried to defend himself in court, first in <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a> and finally in <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Indies" title="Council of the Indies">Council of the Indies</a>. He filed counter-lawsuits, accusing the Welser family of evading taxes and acting against the interests of the Spanish king. On 19 October 1541 Federmann finally agreed to a settlement. The Welser family abandoned their financial revendications, and Federmann ceded the property rights of his lands in New Granada. </p><p>Accused by the Welser family of unfaithfulness, and suspected of being a <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a>, Federmann died in February 1542 in prison in <a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"<i>Indianische Historia. Ein schöne kurtzweilige Historia Niclaus Federmanns des Jüngern von Ulm erster raise</i>" (about the first expedition), 1557 in <a href="/wiki/Hagenau" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagenau">Hagenau</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>As a homage to his figure a pedestrian statue of Nikolaus Federmann was unveiled in the Parque de los Cañones of <a href="/wiki/Rio_Hacha" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Hacha">Rio Hacha</a> (Colombia), one of the few that has not been demolished or destroyed like that of other conquistadors of the New World</li> <li>There is a neighborhood in <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a> named <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Federm%C3%A1n_(neighborhood)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolás de Federmán (neighborhood)">Nicolás de Federmán</a>, the Spanish rendering of his own name and as he was known by his fellow Spanish <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistadors</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-RiohachaWebsite-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RiohachaWebsite_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riohacha-laguajira.gov.co/MiMunicipio/Paginas/Pasado-Presente-y-Futuro.aspx">Official website Riohacha – history, present and future</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ConquistaGonzalo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ConquistaGonzalo_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConquistaGonzalo_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://letras-uruguay.espaciolatino.com/aaa/bolivar_grimaldos_rafael/conquista_rapida_y_saqueo.htm">Conquista rápida y saqueo cuantioso de Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Epitome_p96-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Epitome_p96_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Epítome</i>, p. 96</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publicaciones.banrepcultural.org/index.php/boletin_cultural/article/view/3679/3806"><i>Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_(Colombia)" title="Bank of the Republic (Colombia)">Banco de la República</a>. 1979. pp. 81–97<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ep%C3%ADtome+de+la+conquista+del+Nuevo+Reino+de+Granada&rft.pages=81-97&rft.pub=Banco+de+la+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.date=1979&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublicaciones.banrepcultural.org%2Findex.php%2Fboletin_cultural%2Farticle%2Fview%2F3679%2F3806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikolaus+Federmann" class="Z3988"></span>, reprint of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonio_B._Cuervo1892" class="citation book cs1">Antonio B. Cuervo, ed. (1892). <i>Collectión de documentos inéditos sobre la geographía y la historia de Colombia</i>. Vol. II. Bogotá. pp. 207–218.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collecti%C3%B3n+de+documentos+in%C3%A9ditos+sobre+la+geograph%C3%ADa+y+la+historia+de+Colombia&rft.place=Bogot%C3%A1&rft.pages=207-218&rft.date=1892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikolaus+Federmann" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Federmann&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.burks.de/forum/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=20130">Nikolaus Federmann: "Indianische Historia" online (In German)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/REL?PPN=104274670">Literature from and about Nikolaus Federmann (In German)</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Federmann, Nicholas"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography/Federmann,_Nicholas">"Federmann, Nicholas" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography" title="Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography">Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography</a></i>. 1900.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Federmann%2C+Nicholas&rft.btitle=Appletons%27+Cyclop%C3%A6dia+of+American+Biography&rft.date=1900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikolaus+Federmann" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Muisca" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Muisca_navbox" title="Template:Muisca navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muisca_navbox" title="Template talk:Muisca navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muisca_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muisca navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muisca" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muisca" title="Muisca"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Muisca</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_agriculture" title="Muisca agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_architecture" title="Muisca architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_art" title="Muisca art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_astronomy" title="Muisca astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_cuisine" title="Muisca cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_economy" title="Muisca economy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mummification" title="Muisca mummification">Mummification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_music" title="Muisca music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibcha_language" title="Chibcha language">Muysccubun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mythology" title="Muisca mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_religion" title="Muisca religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muisca_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muisca society (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Society</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_toponyms" title="List of Muisca toponyms">Toponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_warfare" title="Muisca warfare">Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Muisca_society" title="Women in Muisca society">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pasca" title="Battle of Pasca">Battle of Pasca (~1470)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chocont%C3%A1" title="Battle of Chocontá">Battle of Chocontá (~1490)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha" title="Chicha">Chicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duit_language" title="Duit language">Duit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_emeralds" title="Colombian emeralds">Emeralds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_raft" title="Muisca raft">Muisca raft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruana" title="Ruana">Ruana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejo_(sport)" title="Tejo (sport)">Tejo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tunjo" title="Tunjo">Tunjo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoratama" title="Zoratama">Zoratama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_economy#Mining" title="Muisca economy">The Salt People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zipaquir%C3%A1" title="Zipaquirá">Zipaquirá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemoc%C3%B3n" title="Nemocón">Nemocón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausa" title="Tausa">Tausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesquil%C3%A9" title="Sesquilé">Sesquilé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Geography_and_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geography and history</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altiplano_Cundiboyacense" title="Altiplano Cundiboyacense">Altiplano<br />Cundiboyacense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1_River" title="Bogotá River">Bogotá River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Fr%C3%ADo,_Bogot%C3%A1_savanna" class="mw-redirect" title="Río Frío, Bogotá savanna">Frío</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fucha_River" title="Fucha River">Fucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Amarillo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Amarillo River">Juan Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soacha_River" title="Soacha River">Soacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teusac%C3%A1_River" title="Teusacá River">Teusacá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torca_River" title="Torca River">Torca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunjuelo_River" title="Tunjuelo River">Tunjuelo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1_savanna" title="Bogotá savanna">Bogotá savanna</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suba_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suba Hills (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Suba Hills</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetlands_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Wetlands of Bogotá">Wetlands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hills,_Bogot%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Hills, Bogotá">Eastern Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flora_and_fauna_named_after_the_Muisca" title="List of flora and fauna named after the Muisca">Flora & fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A1rez_River" title="Suárez River">Suárez River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubat%C3%A9-Chiquinquir%C3%A1_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Neighbouring areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ocet%C3%A1_P%C3%A1ramo" title="Ocetá Páramo">Ocetá Páramo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenza_Valley" title="Tenza Valley">Tenza Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Timeline_of_inhabitation_of_the_Altiplano_Cundiboyacense" title="Template:Timeline of inhabitation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Prehistory" title="Muisca Confederation">Prehistory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><10,000 BP</b>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Humboldt,_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Humboldt, Colombia (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Lake Humboldt</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Abra" title="El Abra">El Abra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibit%C3%B3" title="Tibitó">Tibitó</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sueva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sueva (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Sueva</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequendama" title="Tequendama">Tequendama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Andean_preceramic" title="Andean preceramic">Lithic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>10,000 - 2800 BP</b>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piedras_del_Tunjo_Archaeological_Park" title="Piedras del Tunjo Archaeological Park">Piedras del Tunjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checua" title="Checua">Checua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galindo,_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galindo, Colombia (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Galindo</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nemoc%C3%B3n_rock_shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemocón rock shelter (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Nemocón</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A1chica_rock_shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sáchica rock shelter (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Sáchica</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguazuque" title="Aguazuque">Aguazuque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Herrera" title="Lake Herrera">Lake Herrera</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Infiernito" title="El Infiernito">El Infiernito</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Ceramic <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>>800 BC</b>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herrera_Period" title="Herrera Period">Herrera</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>800 BC - 800</b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca" title="Muisca">Early Muisca</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>800 - 1200</b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation" title="Muisca Confederation">Muisca Confederation</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>~1450 - 1540</b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabildo_Mayor_del_Pueblo_Muisca" title="Cabildo Mayor del Pueblo Muisca">Cabildo Mayor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>>2002</b>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Religion_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Religion and mythology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Muisca_deities" title="Category:Muisca deities">Deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiminigagua" title="Chiminigagua">Chiminigagua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachu%C3%A9" title="Bachué">Bachué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%ADa_(goddess)" title="Chía (goddess)">Chía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A9" title="Sué">Sué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bochica" title="Bochica">Bochica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huitaca_(goddess)" title="Huitaca (goddess)">Huitaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibchacum" title="Chibchacum">Chibchacum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuchavira" title="Cuchavira">Cuchavira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nencatacoa" title="Nencatacoa">Nencatacoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaqu%C3%A9n" title="Chaquén">Chaquén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibafruime" title="Chibafruime">Chibafruime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guahaioque" title="Guahaioque">Guahaioque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_and_pre-Muisca_sites" title="List of Muisca and pre-Muisca sites">Sacred sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_architecture#Temples" title="Muisca architecture">Built</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Temple_(Sogamoso)" title="Sun Temple (Sogamoso)">Sun Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Temple_(Ch%C3%ADa)" title="Moon Temple (Chía)">Moon Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cojines_del_Zaque" title="Cojines del Zaque">Cojines del Zaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goranchacha_Temple" title="Goranchacha Temple">Goranchacha Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunzah%C3%BAa_Well" title="Hunzahúa Well">Hunzahúa Well</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_religion#Sacred_sites" title="Muisca religion">Natural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_F%C3%BAquene" title="Lake Fúquene">Fúquene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Guasca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Guasca (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Guasca</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Guatavita" title="Lake Guatavita">Guatavita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Iguaque" title="Lake Iguaque">Iguaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siecha_Lakes" title="Siecha Lakes">Siecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Suesca" title="Lake Suesca">Suesca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tota" title="Lake Tota">Tota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Ubaque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Ubaque (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Ubaque</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequendama_Falls" title="Tequendama Falls">Tequendama Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mythology" title="Muisca mythology">Mythology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Myths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado" title="El Dorado">El Dorado</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_of_Lake_Tota" title="Monster of Lake Tota">Monster of Lake Tota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Mythological figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goranchacha" title="Goranchacha">Goranchacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idacans%C3%A1s" title="Idacansás">Idacansás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacanchique" title="Pacanchique">Pacanchique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomagata" title="Thomagata">Thomagata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Caciques_and_neighbours" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Caciques and neighbours</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Hunza" title="Muisca Confederation">Northern <i>caciques</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i><a href="/wiki/Zaque" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaque">zaque</a></i> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hunza,_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hunza, Colombia (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Hunza</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunzah%C3%BAa" title="Hunzahúa">Hunzahúa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michu%C3%A1" title="Michuá">Michuá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quemuenchatocha" title="Quemuenchatocha">Quemuenchatocha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquiminzaque" title="Aquiminzaque">Aquiminzaque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i><a href="/wiki/Iraca" title="Iraca">iraca</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Sogamoso" title="Sogamoso">Suamox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nompanim" title="Nompanim">Nompanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugamuxi" title="Sugamuxi">Sugamuxi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i>cacique</i> of <a href="/wiki/Duitama" title="Duitama">Tundama </a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tundama" title="Tundama">Tundama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Bacatá" title="Muisca Confederation">Southern <i>caciques</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i><a href="/wiki/Zipa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zipa">zipa</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Bacat%C3%A1" title="Bacatá">Bacatá</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meicuchuca" title="Meicuchuca">Meicuchuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguamanchica" title="Saguamanchica">Saguamanchica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemequene" title="Nemequene">Nemequene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisquesusa" title="Tisquesusa">Tisquesusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagipa" title="Sagipa">Sagipa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i>cacique</i> of <a href="/wiki/Turmequ%C3%A9" title="Turmequé">Turmequé</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Torres_y_Moyachoque" title="Diego de Torres y Moyachoque">Diego de Torres y Moyachoque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Neighbouring_indigenous_groups" title="Muisca Confederation">Neighbours</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Chibcha_language" title="Chibcha language">Chibcha-speaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U%27wa_people" title="U'wa people">U'wa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutagao_people" title="Sutagao people">Sutagao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guane_people" title="Guane people">Guane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lache_people" title="Lache people">Lache</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Arawakan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arawakan language">Arawak-speaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achagua_people" title="Achagua people">Achagua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegua_people" title="Tegua people">Tegua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayupe_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Guayupe people">Guayupe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Cariban_languages" title="Cariban languages">Cariban-speaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panche_people" title="Panche people">Panche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzo_people" title="Muzo people">Muzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarigui_people" title="Yarigui people">Yarigui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Spanish_conquest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Spanish conquest</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Conquistadors" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_conquistadors_in_Colombia" title="List of conquistadors in Colombia">Conquistadors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">Gonzalo de Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_P%C3%A9rez_de_Quesada" title="Hernán Pérez de Quesada">Hernán de Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltasar_Maldonado" title="Baltasar Maldonado">Baltasar Maldonado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Su%C3%A1rez_Rend%C3%B3n" title="Gonzalo Suárez Rendón">Gonzalo Suárez Rendón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_C%C3%A9spedes_Ruiz" title="Juan de Céspedes Ruiz">Juan de Céspedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Sanct_Mart%C3%ADn" title="Juan de Sanct Martín">Juan de San Martín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_D%C3%ADaz_de_Cardoso" title="Antonio Díaz de Cardoso">Antonio Díaz de Cardoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Lebrija_(conquistador)" title="Antonio de Lebrija (conquistador)">Antonio de Lebrija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Camacho_Zambrano" title="Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano">Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Garc%C3%ADa_Zorro" title="Gonzalo García Zorro">Gonzalo García Zorro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Mac%C3%ADas" title="Gonzalo Macías">Gonzalo Macías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo" title="Hernán Venegas Carrillo">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Albarrac%C3%ADn" title="Juan de Albarracín">Juan de Albarracín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_del_Junco" title="Juan del Junco">Juan del Junco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Tafur" title="Juan Tafur">Juan Tafur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A1zaro_Fonte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lázaro Fonte (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Lázaro Fonte</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Lanchero" title="Luis Lanchero">Luis Lanchero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Galeano" title="Martín Galeano">Martín Galeano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Ya%C3%B1%C3%A9z_Tafur" title="Martín Yañéz Tafur">Martín Yañéz Tafur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Holgu%C3%ADn_y_Figueroa" title="Miguel Holguín y Figueroa">Miguel Holguín y Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ort%C3%BAn_Vel%C3%A1zquez_de_Velasco" title="Ortún Velázquez de Velasco">Ortún Velázquez de Velasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Valenzuela_(conquistador)" title="Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela (conquistador)">Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Ru%C3%ADz_Corredor" title="Pedro Ruíz Corredor">Pedro Ruíz Corredor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/140px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/210px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/280px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="1480" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Neighbouring conquests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Chibchan_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations">Conquest of the Chibchan Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzo_people" title="Muzo people">Conquest of the Muzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panche_people" title="Panche people">Conquest of the Panche</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tocarema" title="Battle of Tocarema">Battle of Tocarema (1538)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Research_and_collections" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Research and collections</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_and_pre-Muisca_scholars" title="List of Muisca and pre-Muisca scholars">Scholars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Acosta" title="Joaquín Acosta">Acosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_Acosta" title="Soledad Acosta">Acosta Samper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Aguado" title="Pedro de Aguado">De Aguado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Arango_Cano" title="Jesús Arango Cano">Arango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_M._Broadbent" title="Sylvia M. Broadbent">Broadbent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Castellanos" title="Juan de Castellanos">De Castellanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli%C3%A9cer_Silva_Celis" title="Eliécer Silva Celis">Celis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Correal_Urrego" title="Gonzalo Correal Urrego">Correal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Domingo_Duquesne" title="José Domingo Duquesne">Duquesne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Freyle" title="Juan Rodríguez Freyle">Freyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Friede" title="Juan Friede">Friede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Gamboa_Mendoza" title="Jorge Gamboa Mendoza">Gamboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Mar%C3%ADa_Groot" title="Ana María Groot">Groot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_van_der_Hammen" title="Thomas van der Hammen">Hammen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Arturo_Izquierdo_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Arturo Izquierdo Peña">Izquierdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Henrik_Langebaek" title="Carl Henrik Langebaek">Langebaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_de_Lugo" title="Bernardo de Lugo">De Lugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javier_Ocampo_L%C3%B3pez" title="Javier Ocampo López">Ocampo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Piedrahita" title="Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita">De Piedrahita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">De Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerardo_Reichel-Dolmatoff" title="Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff">Reichel-Dolmatoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Cardale_de_Schrimpff" title="Marianne Cardale de Schrimpff">Schrimpff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Sim%C3%B3n" title="Pedro Simón">Simón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Triana" title="Miguel Triana">Triana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezequiel_Uricoechea" title="Ezequiel Uricoechea">Uricoechea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liborio_Zerda" title="Liborio Zerda">Zerda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eleg%C3%ADas_de_varones_ilustres_de_Indias" title="Elegías de varones ilustres de Indias">Elegías</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1589)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Carnero" title="El Carnero">El Carnero</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1638)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ep%C3%ADtome_de_la_conquista_del_Nuevo_Reino_de_Granada" title="Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada">Epítome</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1889)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_research_institutes" title="List of Muisca research institutes">Research institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Institute_of_Anthropology_and_History" title="Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History">ICANH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Colombia" title="National University of Colombia">Universidad Nacional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Los_Andes_(Colombia)" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Los Andes (Colombia)">Universidad de los Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Xavierian_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Xavierian University">Universidad La Javeriana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedagogical_and_Technological_University_of_Colombia" title="Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia">UPTC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_museum_collections" title="List of Muisca museum collections">Collections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Museum,_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Gold Museum, Bogotá">Museo del Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_Museum,_Sogamoso" title="Archaeology Museum, Sogamoso">Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_Museum,_Pasca" title="Archaeology Museum, Pasca">Archaeology Museum of Pasca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div> 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