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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Papuan ethnic groups</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Papuan_ethnic_groups-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Papuan ethnic groups subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Papuan_ethnic_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-West_Papua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Papua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>West Papua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_Papua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southwest_Papua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southwest_Papua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Southwest Papua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southwest_Papua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Papua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highland_Papua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highland_Papua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.4</span> <span>Highland Papua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highland_Papua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_Papua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Papua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.5</span> <span>Central Papua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Papua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Papua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Papua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.6</span> <span>South Papua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Papua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papua_New_Guinea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papua_New_Guinea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Papua New Guinea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papua_New_Guinea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bismarck_Archipelago" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bismarck_Archipelago"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Bismarck Archipelago</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bismarck_Archipelago-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origin_and_genetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin_and_genetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Origin and genetics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Origin_and_genetics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Origin and genetics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origin_and_genetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Haplogroups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haplogroups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Haplogroups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haplogroups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autosomal_DNA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autosomal_DNA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Autosomal DNA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Autosomal_DNA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaic_introgression" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaic_introgression"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Archaic introgression</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaic_introgression-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ASPM_gene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ASPM_gene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>ASPM gene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ASPM_gene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Indigenous people of New Guinea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="بابواويون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بابواويون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuaslar" title="Papuaslar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Papuaslar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Папуасы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Папуасы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papu%C3%A1nci" title="Papuánci – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Papuánci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_(V%C3%B6lkergruppe)" title="Papua (Völkergruppe) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Papua (Völkergruppe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paapuad" title="Paapuad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Paapuad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pap%C3%BAes" title="Papúes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Papúes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuoj" title="Papuoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Papuoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuar" title="Papuar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Papuar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88" title="مردم بومی گینه نو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم بومی گینه نو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papous" title="Papous – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Papous" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobos_pap%C3%BAas" title="Pobos papúas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobos papúas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%ED%91%B8%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="파푸아인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파푸아인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Պապուասներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պապուասներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuanci" title="Papuanci – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Papuanci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daftar_suku_bangsa_di_Papua" title="Daftar suku bangsa di Papua – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Daftar suku bangsa di Papua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuani" title="Papuani – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Papuani" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%90%D7%94" title="אנשי פפואה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנשי פפואה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პაპუასები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პაპუასები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Папуастар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Папуастар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Папуастар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Папуастар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuasi" title="Papuasi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Papuasi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuasai" title="Papuasai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Papuasai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1pu%C3%A1k" title="Pápuák – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pápuák" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papoa_(vahoaka)" title="Papoa (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Papoa (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82_%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="ന്യൂ ഗിനിയയിലെ തദ്ദേശവാസികൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ന്യൂ ഗിനിയയിലെ തദ്ദേശവാസികൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="პაპუასეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პაპუასეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papoea%27s" title="Papoea's – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Papoea's" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%97%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA" title="パプア人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パプア人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuasi" title="Papuasi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Papuasi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua%C8%99i" title="Papuași – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Papuași" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Папуасы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Папуасы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Папуанци – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Папуанци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Papuan_people&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Papuan people">Papuan people</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Melanesian inhabitants of New Guinea</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Papuans</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papua_20160808_0449.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Papua_20160808_0449.jpg/220px-Papua_20160808_0449.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Papua_20160808_0449.jpg/330px-Papua_20160808_0449.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Papua_20160808_0449.jpg/440px-Papua_20160808_0449.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Dani_people" title="Dani people">Dani people</a> from the central highlands of Western New Guinea, Indonesia</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">14,800,000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Languages of Papua<br />In Papuan New Guinea: <a href="/wiki/Tok_Pisin" title="Tok Pisin">Tok Pisin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiri_Motu" title="Hiri Motu">Hiri Motu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unserdeutsch" title="Unserdeutsch">Unserdeutsch</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a><br />In Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Papuan_Malay" title="Papuan Malay">Papuan Malay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papuan_mythology" title="Papuan mythology">Traditional Faiths</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambonese">Ambonese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moluccans" title="Moluccans">Moluccans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal Australians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malagasy_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malagasy people">Malagasy people</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Oceania" title="Indigenous peoples of Oceania">indigenous peoples</a> of <a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>, commonly called <b>Papuans</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesians</a>. There is genetic evidence for two major historical lineages in New Guinea and neighboring islands: a first wave from the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Archipelago" title="Malay Archipelago">Malay Archipelago</a> perhaps 50,000 years ago when New Guinea and Australia were a single landmass called <a href="/wiki/Sahul" title="Sahul">Sahul</a><span class="nowrap"> </span>and, much later, a wave of <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian people</a> from the north who introduced <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian language">Austronesian languages</a> and pigs about 3,500 years ago. They also left a small but significant genetic trace in many coastal Papuan peoples. </p><p>Linguistically, Papuans speak languages from the many families of <a href="/wiki/Papuan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Papuan language">non-Austronesian languages</a> that are found only on New Guinea and neighboring islands, as well as <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian language">Austronesian languages</a> along parts of the coast, and recently developed creoles such as <a href="/wiki/Tok_Pisin" title="Tok Pisin">Tok Pisin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiri_Motu" title="Hiri Motu">Hiri Motu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unserdeutsch" title="Unserdeutsch">Unserdeutsch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Papuan_Malay" title="Papuan Malay">Papuan Malay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Friedlaender_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Friedlaender-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jinam2017_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jinam2017-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "Papuan" is used in a wider sense in linguistics and anthropology. In linguistics, "<a href="/wiki/Papuan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Papuan language">Papuan languages</a>" is a cover term for the diverse, mutually unrelated, non-Austronesian language families spoken in <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islands" title="Torres Strait Islands">Torres Strait Islands</a>, and parts of <a href="/wiki/Wallacea" title="Wallacea">Wallacea</a>. In anthropology, "Papuan" is often used to denote the highly diverse aboriginal populations of Melanesia and Wallacea prior to the arrival of Austronesian-speakers, and the dominant genetic traces of these populations in the current ethnic groups of these areas.<sup id="cite_ref-Friedlaender_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Friedlaender-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg/220px-Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg/330px-Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg/440px-Children-in-Papua-New-Guinea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1782" data-file-height="1185" /></a><figcaption>Children dressed up for <a href="/wiki/Sing-sing_(New_Guinea)" title="Sing-sing (New Guinea)">sing‑sing</a></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TNG_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/TNG_map.svg/220px-TNG_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/TNG_map.svg/330px-TNG_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/TNG_map.svg/440px-TNG_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>The language families in Ross's conception of the <a href="/wiki/Trans-New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-New Guinea">Trans-New Guinea</a> language family</figcaption></figure> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s 14th edition lists 826 languages of <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> and 257 languages of <a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a>, a total of 1083 languages, with 12 languages overlapping. They can be divided into two groups, the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian language">Austronesian languages</a>, and all the others, called <a href="/wiki/Papuan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Papuan language">Papuan languages</a> for convenience. The term <i>Papuan languages</i> refers to an <a href="/wiki/Areal_feature" title="Areal feature">areal grouping</a>, rather than a linguistic one. So-called Papuan languages comprise hundreds of different languages, most of which are not related.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Papuan_ethnic_groups">Papuan ethnic groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Papuan ethnic groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Jally_Cultural_Society_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1456" data-file-height="1047" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yali_people" title="Yali people">Yali</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Yahukimo_Regency" title="Yahukimo Regency">Yahukimo Regency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Highland_Papua" title="Highland Papua">Highland Papua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The following indigenous peoples live within the modern borders of Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Austronesian-speaking (AN) groups are given in <i>italics</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="West_Papua">West Papua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: West Papua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_of_West_Papua" title="List of ethnic groups of West Papua">List of ethnic groups of West Papua</a></div> <p>Papuan ethnic groups / tribes in the Indonesian province of West Papua include Arfak, Borai, Doreri, Hatam, Irarutu, Koiwai, Kuri, Madewana, Mairasi, Maniwak, Mbaham, Matta, Meiah, Miere, Meyah, Moire, Moru, Moskona, Napiti, Oburauw, Roon, Roswar, Sebyar, Sougb, Soviar, Sumuri, Wamesa, Warumba, Waruri, Wondama.<sup id="cite_ref-Ronsumbre-2020_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ronsumbre-2020-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southwest_Papua">Southwest Papua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Southwest Papua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_of_Southwest_Papua" title="List of ethnic groups of Southwest Papua">List of ethnic groups of Southwest Papua</a></div> <p>Papuan ethnic groups / tribes in the Indonesian province of Southwest Papua include Abun, Ambel, Batanta, Biak (Betew, Kafdaron, Bikar, Usba, Wardo), Biga, Butlih, Domu, Fiawat, Imekko (Inanwatan-Bira, Matemani-Iwaro, Kais-Awe, Kokoda-Emeyode), Irires, Ma'ya (Kawe, Langanyan, Wawiyai), Matbat, Maybrat (Ayamaru, Mare, Karon Dori, Ayfat, Aytinyo), Meyah, Moi-Ma'ya, Moi, Mpur, Nerigo, <a href="/wiki/Tehit_people" title="Tehit people">Tehit</a>, Tepin, Yahadian, Yaben-Konda.<sup id="cite_ref-Ronsumbre-2020_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ronsumbre-2020-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Papua">Papua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Papua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Papuan ethnic groups/tribes in the Indonesian province of Papua include:<sup id="cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pemprov_Papua-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="150px">Jayapura City </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Kayu Batu/Kayu Pulau</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobati_people" title="Tobati people">Tobati</a></li> <li>Enggros</li> <li>Nafri</li> <li>Skouw</li> <li>Sentani</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Jayapura Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Demta</li> <li>Kaureh</li> <li>Kemtuk</li> <li>Kawamsu</li> <li>Mekwei</li> <li>Narau</li> <li>Gresi</li> <li>Nimboran</li> <li>Oria</li> <li>Ormu</li> <li>Kapori</li> <li>Foya</li> <li>Sauso</li> <li>Tabia</li> <li>Tarpia</li> <li>Taworfa</li> <li>Yansu</li> <li>Yamna</li> <li>Kendate</li> <li>Tofamna</li> <li>Bauwi</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sarmi Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Akwaikai</li> <li>Airoran</li> <li>Anus</li> <li>Baburiwa</li> <li>Bagusa</li> <li>Yarsun</li> <li>Bapu</li> <li>Bonerif</li> <li>Lairawa</li> <li>Kauweraweo</li> <li>Mander</li> <li>Papasena</li> <li>Wakde</li> <li>Baso</li> <li>Bonggo</li> <li>Itik</li> <li>Keder</li> <li>Maremgi</li> <li>Podena</li> <li>Marembori</li> <li>Babe</li> <li>Kabera</li> <li>Kwerba</li> <li>Masimasi</li> <li>Samarokena</li> <li>Wares</li> <li>Berik</li> <li>Dabra</li> <li>Kwesten</li> <li>Massep</li> <li>Sobei</li> <li>Warotai</li> <li>Betaf</li> <li>Foau</li> <li>Kapitiauw</li> <li>Liki</li> <li>Nopuk</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Keerom Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Aywi</li> <li>Janggu</li> <li>Taikat</li> <li>Yafi</li> <li>Manem</li> <li>Sowei</li> <li>Dubu</li> <li>Molof</li> <li>Usku</li> <li>Emumu</li> <li>Sangke</li> <li>Waina</li> <li>Senggi</li> <li>Waris</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Biak Numfor Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Borapasi</li> <li>Bonefa</li> <li>Kofei</li> <li>Sauri</li> <li>Siromi</li> <li>Tafaro</li> <li>Waropen</li> <li>Wairata</li> <li>Burate</li> <li>Sedasi</li> <li>Otodema</li> <li>Demisa</li> <li>Demba</li> <li>Biak</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Waropen Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Amabi</li> <li>Ansus</li> <li>Busami</li> <li>Karema</li> <li>Kurudu</li> <li>Marau</li> <li>Munggui</li> <li>Nisa</li> <li>Papuma</li> <li>Pom</li> <li>Arui</li> <li>Woi</li> <li>Anate</li> <li>Nakabui</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waropen_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waropen people (page does not exist)">Waropen</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Yapen Islands Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Borapasi</li> <li>Bonefa</li> <li>Kofei</li> <li>Sauri</li> <li>Siromi</li> <li>Tafaro</li> <li>Waropen</li> <li>Wairata</li> <li>Burate</li> <li>Sedasi</li> <li>Otodema</li> <li>Demisa</li> <li>Demba</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Mamberamo Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bauzi_people" title="Bauzi people">Bauzi</a></li> <li>Duvle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmeso_language" title="Burmeso language">Tauraf</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Highland_Papua">Highland Papua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Highland Papua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Papuan ethnic groups/tribes in the Indonesian province of <a href="/wiki/Highland_Papua" title="Highland Papua">Highland Papua</a> include:<sup id="cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pemprov_Papua-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="150px">Jayawijaya Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nduga_people" title="Nduga people">Nduga</a></li> <li>Walak</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_people" title="Dani people">Dani</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Pegunungan Bintang Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yali_people" title="Yali people">Yali</a></li> <li>Ngalum</li> <li>Biksi</li> <li>Ketengban</li> <li>Tyu</li> <li>Sukubatong</li> <li>Una</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tolikara Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Eiponek</li> <li>Taori</li> <li>Kwerisa</li> <li>Toarikei</li> <li>Turui</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lani_people" title="Lani people">Lani</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Yahukimo Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Hmanggona</li> <li>Hupla</li> <li>Inlom</li> <li>Korupun</li> <li>Sela</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mek_people" title="Mek people">Mek Kosarek</a></li> <li>Momuna</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mek_people" title="Mek people">Mek Nipsan</a></li> <li>Ngalik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lani_people" title="Lani people">Lani Lembah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mek_people" title="Mek people">Mek Nalca</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_Papua">Central Papua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Central Papua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Papuan ethnic groups/tribes in the Indonesian province of <a href="/wiki/Central_Papua" title="Central Papua">Central Papua</a> include:<sup id="cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pemprov_Papua-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="150px">Mimika Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Kamoro</li> <li>Sempan</li> <li>Damal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amung_people" title="Amung people">Amung</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nabire Regency<sup id="cite_ref-Pemkab_Nabire_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pemkab_Nabire-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Yerisiam</li> <li>Wate</li> <li>Mora</li> <li>Hegure/<a href="/wiki/Yaur_people" title="Yaur people">Yaur</a>/Yagure</li> <li>Umari/Teluk Umar</li> <li>Gwoa Napan</li> <li>Mee</li> <li>Auwye/Ause</li> <li>Moi</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Painai Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekari_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekari people">Mee</a></li> <li>Dou</li> <li>Wodam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolani_people" title="Wolani people">Wolani</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Puncak Jaya Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lani_people" title="Lani people">Lani Barat</a></li> <li>Dem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayu_people" title="Fayu people">Fayu</a></li> <li>Kiri-kiri</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moni_people" title="Moni people">Moni</a></li> <li>Tause</li> <li>Wano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_people" title="Dani people">Dani</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Papua">South Papua</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: South Papua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Papuan ethnic groups/tribes in the Indonesian province of <a href="/wiki/South_Papua" title="South Papua">South Papua</a> include:<sup id="cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pemprov_Papua-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="150px">Merauke Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marind_people" title="Marind people">Bian Marind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanum_people" title="Kanum people">Kanum</a></li> <li>Kimaghama</li> <li>Maklew</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marind_people" title="Marind people">Marind Dek (Hulu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marind_people" title="Marind people">Marind Laut (Muara)</a></li> <li>Mombum</li> <li>Maraori</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yei_people_(Indonesia)" title="Yei people (Indonesia)">Yey/Yei</a></li> <li>Sota</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Asmat Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asmat_people" title="Asmat people">Asmat</a></li> <li>Citak</li> <li>Pisa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawi_people" title="Sawi people">Sawi</a></li> <li>Tamnim</li> <li>Warkai</li> <li>Biplim</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Mappi Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Airo</li> <li>Awyu</li> <li>Kayagar</li> <li>Siagha</li> <li>Tamagario</li> <li>Yaghay</li> <li>Yaninu</li> <li>Sumaghaghe</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Boven Digoel Regency </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Aghul</li> <li>Iwur</li> <li>Katik</li> <li>Kauwoi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombai_people" title="Kombai people">Kombai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korowai_people" title="Korowai people">Korowai</a></li> <li>Kotogut</li> <li>Yanggon</li> <li>Okparimen</li> <li>Ninggerum</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wambon_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wambon people (page does not exist)">Wambon</a></li> <li>Wanggom</li> <li>Yair</li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Papua_New_Guinea">Papua New Guinea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Papua New Guinea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abelam_people" title="Abelam people">Abelam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angu_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Angu people">Angu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruya_people" title="Baruya people">Baruya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biangai" title="Biangai">Biangai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bilibil_people" title="Bilibil people">Bilibil</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambri_people" title="Chambri people">Chambri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duna_people" title="Duna people">Duna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etoro_people" title="Etoro people">Etoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore_people" title="Fore people">Fore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadsup_people" title="Gadsup people">Gadsup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogodala_people" title="Gogodala people">Gogodala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haroli_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Haroli people">Haroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewa_people" title="Hewa people">Hewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huli_people" title="Huli people">Huli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatmul_people" title="Iatmul people">Iatmul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaluli_people" title="Kaluli people">Kaluli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwoma_people" title="Kwoma people">Kwoma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koteka_peoples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koteka peoples (page does not exist)">Koteka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maisin_people" title="Maisin people">Maisin</a></i> (AN with many non-AN elements)</li> <li>Melpa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_people" title="Mian people">Mian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morkai" title="Morkai">Morkai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Motuan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Motuan people">Motu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Ok_people" title="Mountain Ok people">Min</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundugumor_people" title="Mundugumor people">Mundugumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogea_people" title="Ogea people">Ogea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orokaiva_people" title="Orokaiva people">Orokaiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambia_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sambia people">Sambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swagap_people" title="Swagap people">Swagap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tairora_people" title="Tairora people">Tairora</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tanga_people" title="Tanga people">Tanga</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefol_people" title="Telefol people">Telefol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsembaga_Maring_tribe" title="Tsembaga Maring tribe">Tsembaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urapmin_people" title="Urapmin people">Urapmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiru_people" title="Wiru people">Wiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wola_people" title="Wola people">Wola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wopkaimin_people" title="Wopkaimin people">Wopkaimin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaifo" title="Yaifo">Yaifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zia_people_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Zia people (Papua New Guinea)">Zia</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bismarck_Archipelago">Bismarck Archipelago</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bismarck Archipelago"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baining_people" title="Baining people">Baining</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolai_people" title="Tolai people">Tolai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trobriand_people" title="Trobriand people">Trobriand</a></i></li></ul> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Friends2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Girls from Papua New Guinea"><img alt="Girls from Papua New Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Friends2.jpg/450px-Friends2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Friends2.jpg/675px-Friends2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Friends2.jpg/900px-Friends2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Girls from Papua New Guinea</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Papuan people in folk dress in Jakarta"><img alt="Papuan people in folk dress in Jakarta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg/400px-Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg/600px-Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg/800px-Mall_culture_jakarta102.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Papuan people in <a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">folk dress</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 269.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 267.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_married_couple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Newly married Kayu Batu couple in Jayapura, Indonesia"><img alt="Newly married Kayu Batu couple in Jayapura, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/A_married_couple.jpg/401px-A_married_couple.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/A_married_couple.jpg/601px-A_married_couple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/A_married_couple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Newly married Kayu Batu couple in <a href="/wiki/Jayapura" title="Jayapura">Jayapura</a>, Indonesia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_and_genetics">Origin and genetics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Origin and genetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:235px;max-width:235px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:233px;max-width:233px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png/231px-Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png" decoding="async" width="231" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png/347px-Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png/462px-Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png 2x" data-file-width="2472" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Phylogenetic position of the Papuan lineage among other <a href="/wiki/East-Eurasian" class="mw-redirect" title="East-Eurasian">East Eurasians</a>.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:233px;max-width:233px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg/231px-Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg" decoding="async" width="231" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg/347px-Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg/462px-Schematic_summary_of_population_settlement_in_Insular_Southeast_Asia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2917" data-file-height="555" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Schematic summary of population settlement in Insular Southeast Asia, involving several East Eurasian lineages: (A) Initial occupation of Sunda and Sahul by ancestry related to modern New Guinean and Australian Aboriginal populations, followed by deep mainland Asian (Tianyuan- or Onge-related) ancestry. (B) Dispersals of ancestries associated with ancient Mainland Southeast Asian and ancestral Punan-related components predating the coastal South Chinese, and hence Austronesian-related, ancestries. (C) Austronesian expansion leading to Austronesian (Ami- and Kankanaey-related) ancestry observed in NE and SE Borneans and subsequent specific Papuan ancestry admixture observed in the Lebbo population in East Borneo.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The origin of Papuans is generally associated with the first settlement of <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> by a lineage dubbed 'Australasians' or 'Australo-Papuans' during the <a href="/wiki/Initial_Upper_Paleolithic" title="Initial Upper Paleolithic">Initial Upper Paleolithic</a>, which is "ascribed to a population movement with uniform genetic features and material culture" (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_East_Eurasians" title="Ancient East Eurasians">Ancient East Eurasians</a>), and sharing deep ancestry with modern <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_people" title="East Asian people">East Asian peoples</a> and other Asia-Pacific groups.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Yang2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yang2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto63_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto63-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is estimated that people reached <a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Sahul</a> (the geological continent consisting of Australia and New Guinea) between 50,000 and 37,000 years ago. Rising sea levels separated New Guinea from Australia about 10,000 years ago. However, Aboriginal Australians and Papuans had diverged genetically much earlier, around 40,000 years BP. Papuans are more closely related to <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesians</a> than to Aboriginal Australians.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto63_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto63-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Haplogroups">Haplogroups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Haplogroups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The majority of Papuan <a href="/wiki/Y-DNA" class="mw-redirect" title="Y-DNA">Y-DNA</a> Haplogroups belong to subclades of <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_K2b1_(Y-DNA)" title="Haplogroup K2b1 (Y-DNA)">Haplogroup<span class="nowrap"> </span>MS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_C-B477" title="Haplogroup C-B477">Haplogroup<span class="nowrap"> </span>C1b2a</a>. The frequency of each haplogroup varies along geographic clines.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Autosomal_DNA">Autosomal DNA</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Autosomal DNA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The genetic makeup of Papuans is primarily derived from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_East_Eurasians" title="Ancient East Eurasians">Ancient East Eurasians</a>, which relates them to other mainland Asian groups such as the "<a href="/wiki/Genetics_and_archaeogenetics_of_South_Asia" title="Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia">AASI</a>", Andamanese, as well as East/Southeast Asians, although Papuans may have also received some gene flow from an earlier group (xOoA), around 2%,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> next to additional archaic <a href="/wiki/Denisovan" title="Denisovan">Denisovan</a> admixture in the <a href="/wiki/Sahul" title="Sahul">Sahul</a> region. Papuans may habor varying degrees of deep admixture from "a lineage basal to West and East-Eurasians which occurred sometimes between 45 and 38kya", although they are generally regarded "as a simple sister group of <a href="/wiki/Tianyuan_man" title="Tianyuan man">Tianyuan</a>" ("Basal East Asians").<sup id="cite_ref-Yang2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yang2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto63_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto63-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png/220px-Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png/330px-Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png/440px-Procrustes-transformed_PCA_plot_of_genetic_variation_of_worldwide_populations.png 2x" data-file-width="2028" data-file-height="1241" /></a><figcaption>PCA plot of genetic variation of worldwide populations. Papuans (green) cluster relative close to other East Eurasians, such as East/Southeast Asians.</figcaption></figure> <p>There is evidence that the ancestors of Papuans and related groups "underwent a strong bottleneck before the settlement of the region, and separated around 20,000–40,000 years ago".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Papuans display pronounced genetic diversity, explained through isolation and drift between different subgroups after the settlement of <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>. The most notable differentiation was found to be between Highlanders and Lowlanders. Papuan Highlanders fall into three clusters, but form a single clade compared against Lowlanders. The Highlanders underwent a population bottleneck around 10,000 years ago, associated with the adoption of Neolithic lifestyles. Papuan Lowlanders display increased diversity and can be broadly differentiated into a Southern Lowlander cluster and a Northern Lowlander cluster. The genetic differentiation among Papuans is suggested to date back at least 20kya, while the sub-structure among Highlanders dates back around 10kya, with higher diversity among western Highlanders than Eastern ones. The genetic diversity is paralleled by linguistic and cultural diversity.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archaic_introgression">Archaic introgression</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Archaic introgression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Based on his genetic studies of the <a href="/wiki/Denisovan" title="Denisovan">Denisova hominin</a>, an ancient human species discovered in 2010, <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a> claims that <a href="/wiki/Archaic_human_admixture_with_modern_humans" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic human admixture with modern humans">ancient human ancestors of the Papuans interbred in Asia with these humans</a>. He has found that people of New Guinea share 4%–7% of their genome with the Denisovans, indicating this exchange.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denisovan introgressions may have influenced the immune system of present-day Papuans and potentially favoured "variants to immune-related phenotypes" and "adaptation to the local environment".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ASPM_gene">ASPM gene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: ASPM gene"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 2005 study of <a href="/wiki/ASPM_(gene)" title="ASPM (gene)">ASPM gene variants</a>, Mekel-Bobrov et al. found that the Papuan people have among the highest rate of the newly evolved ASPM Haplogroup<span class="nowrap"> </span>D, at 59.4% occurrence of the approximately 6,000-year-old <a href="/wiki/Allele" title="Allele">allele</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While it is not yet known exactly what selective advantage is provided by this gene variant, the haplogroup<span class="nowrap"> </span>D allele is thought to be positively selected in populations and to confer some substantial advantage that has caused its frequency to rapidly increase. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Bina" title="Abba Bina">Abba Bina</a>, Papua New Guinean businessman and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archie_Thompson" title="Archie Thompson">Archie Thompson</a>, former Australian soccer player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elie_Aiboy" title="Elie Aiboy">Elie Aiboy</a>, former Indonesian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlina_Flassy" title="Marlina Flassy">Marlina Flassy</a>, Indonesian anthropologist and the first woman to be appointed Dean of <a href="/wiki/Cenderawasih_University" title="Cenderawasih University">Cenderawasih University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Kaisiepo" title="Frans Kaisiepo">Frans Kaisiepo</a>, 4th Governor of Papua and <a href="/wiki/National_Hero_of_Indonesia" title="National Hero of Indonesia">National Hero of Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitya_Krishinda_Maheswari" title="Nitya Krishinda Maheswari">Nitya Krishinda Maheswari</a>, Indonesian badminton player and <a href="/wiki/2014_Asian_Games" title="2014 Asian Games">2014 Asian Games</a> women's doubles gold medalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowela_Auparay" title="Nowela Auparay">Nowela Auparay</a>, professional singer and <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Idol" title="Indonesian Idol">Indonesian Idol</a> winner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Neill" title="Peter O'Neill">Peter O'Neill</a>, 7th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea">Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddy_Numberi" title="Freddy Numberi">Freddy Numberi</a>, Indonesian politician and former Minister of Transportation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raema_Lisa_Rumbewas" title="Raema Lisa Rumbewas">Raema Lisa Rumbewas</a>, Indonesian weightlifter and silver medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000</a> and <a href="/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics" title="2004 Summer Olympics">2004 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boaz_Solossa" title="Boaz Solossa">Boaz Solossa</a>, Indonesian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Bonai" title="Titus Bonai">Titus Bonai</a>, Indonesian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Kambuaya" title="Ricky Kambuaya">Ricky Kambuaya</a>, Indonesian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Somare" title="Michael Somare">Michael Somare</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea">Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Watson" title="Heather Watson">Heather Watson</a>, English female tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Wenda" title="Benny Wenda">Benny Wenda</a>, West Papuan independence leader.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machmud_Singgirei_Rumagesan" title="Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan">Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan</a>, King of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sekar" title="Kingdom of Sekar">Sekar</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Hero_of_Indonesia" title="National Hero of Indonesia">National Hero of Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hakim_Achmad_Aituarauw" title="Abdul Hakim Achmad Aituarauw">Abdul Hakim Achmad Aituarauw</a>, Member of People's Representative Council</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwin_Komolong" title="Alwin Komolong">Alwin Komolong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusuga_Komolong" title="Kusuga Komolong">Kusuga Komolong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saiful_Islam_Al-Payage" title="Saiful Islam Al-Payage">Saiful Islam Al-Payage</a>, Indonesian Islamic preacher</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/New_guinea_blank.svg/32px-New_guinea_blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/New_guinea_blank.svg/48px-New_guinea_blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/New_guinea_blank.svg/64px-New_guinea_blank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="452" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a 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Australians">Indigenous Australians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koteka_Tribal_Assembly" title="Koteka Tribal Assembly">Koteka Tribal Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_of_West_Papua" title="List of ethnic groups of West Papua">List of ethnic groups of West Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malagasy people">Malagasy people</a> (Africa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moluccans" title="Moluccans">Moluccans</a> (to the west of New Guinea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negrito" title="Negrito">Negrito</a> (Southeast Asia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Australoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Australoid">Proto-Australoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Breton_(filmmaker)" title="Stéphane Breton (filmmaker)">Stéphane Breton (filmmaker)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islanders" title="Torres Strait Islanders">Torres Strait Islanders</a> between New Guinea and mainland Australia (including the <a href="/wiki/Meriam_people" title="Meriam people">Meriam people</a>, whose language family is otherwise found in New Guinea)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From the Malay word <i>pəpuah</i> 'curly hair'. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-Papuan" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=Papuan">"Papuan"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Papuan&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3DPapuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/373679">Traditional Melanesia</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Friedlaender-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Friedlaender_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Friedlaender_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedlaenderFriedlaender_FRReed_FAKidd_KK2008" class="citation journal cs1">Friedlaender J, Friedlaender FR, Reed FA, Kidd KK, Kidd JR (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211537">"The Genetic Structure of Pacific Islanders"</a>. <i>PLOS Genetics</i>. <b>4</b> (3): e19. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0040019">10.1371/journal.pgen.0040019</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211537">2211537</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18208337">18208337</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+Genetics&rft.atitle=The+Genetic+Structure+of+Pacific+Islanders&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=e19&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2211537%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18208337&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0040019&rft.aulast=Friedlaender&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.au=Friedlaender+FR&rft.au=Reed+FA&rft.au=Kidd+KK&rft.au=Kidd+JR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2211537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jinam2017-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jinam2017_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJinam,_Timothy_A.Phipps,_Maude_E.Aghakhanian,_FarhangMajumder,_Partha_P.2017" class="citation journal cs1">Jinam, Timothy A.; Phipps, Maude E.; Aghakhanian, Farhang; Majumder, Partha P.; Datar, Francisco; Stoneking, Mark; Sawai, Hiromi; Nishida, Nao; Tokunaga, Katsushi; Kawamura, Shoji; Omoto, Keiichi; Saitou, Naruya (August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597900">"Discerning the Origins of the Negritos, First Sundaland People: Deep Divergence and Archaic Admixture"</a>. <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. <b>9</b> (8): 2013–2022. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgbe%2Fevx118">10.1093/gbe/evx118</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597900">5597900</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28854687">28854687</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Discerning+the+Origins+of+the+Negritos%2C+First+Sundaland+People%3A+Deep+Divergence+and+Archaic+Admixture&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=2013-2022&rft.date=2017-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5597900%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28854687&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgbe%2Fevx118&rft.au=Jinam%2C+Timothy+A.&rft.au=Phipps%2C+Maude+E.&rft.au=Aghakhanian%2C+Farhang&rft.au=Majumder%2C+Partha+P.&rft.au=Datar%2C+Francisco&rft.au=Stoneking%2C+Mark&rft.au=Sawai%2C+Hiromi&rft.au=Nishida%2C+Nao&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Katsushi&rft.au=Kawamura%2C+Shoji&rft.au=Omoto%2C+Keiichi&rft.au=Saitou%2C+Naruya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5597900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer2018" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Bill (2018). <i>The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area</i>. Mouton De Gruyter. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028642-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028642-7"><bdi>978-3-11-028642-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Languages+and+Linguistics+of+the+New+Guinea+Area&rft.pub=Mouton+De+Gruyter&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-3-11-028642-7&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/419604">"Forthcoming Series: Papuan Languages"</a>. <i>Brill</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brill&rft.atitle=Forthcoming+Series%3A+Papuan+Languages&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fpage%2F419604&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ronsumbre-2020-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ronsumbre-2020_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ronsumbre-2020_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRonsumbre2020" class="citation book cs1">Ronsumbre, Adolof (2020). <i>Ensiklopedia Suku Bangsa di Provinsi Papua Barat</i>. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kepel Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-602-356-318-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-602-356-318-0"><bdi>978-602-356-318-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ensiklopedia+Suku+Bangsa+di+Provinsi+Papua+Barat&rft.place=Yogyakarta&rft.pub=Penerbit+Kepel+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-602-356-318-0&rft.aulast=Ronsumbre&rft.aufirst=Adolof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pemprov_Papua-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pemprov_Papua_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.papua.go.id/view-detail-page-8/undefined">"Pemerintah Provinsi Papua"</a>. <i>www.papua.go.id</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.papua.go.id&rft.atitle=Pemerintah+Provinsi+Papua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.papua.go.id%2Fview-detail-page-8%2Fundefined&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pemkab_Nabire-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pemkab_Nabire_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nabirekab.go.id/portal/bupati-mesak-siap-bangun-asrama-siswa-suku-terasing-di-nabire/">"Bupati Mesak Siap Bangun Asrama Siswa Suku Terasing di Nabire – Pemerintah Kabupaten Nabire"</a>. <i>Pemerintah Kabupaten Nabire – "Nabire Aman, Mandiri dan Sejahtera"</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pemerintah+Kabupaten+Nabire+%E2%80%93+%22Nabire+Aman%2C+Mandiri+dan+Sejahtera%22&rft.atitle=Bupati+Mesak+Siap+Bangun+Asrama+Siswa+Suku+Terasing+di+Nabire+%E2%80%93+Pemerintah+Kabupaten+Nabire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnabirekab.go.id%2Fportal%2Fbupati-mesak-siap-bangun-asrama-siswa-suku-terasing-di-nabire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaufikTeixeiraLlamasSudoyo2022" class="citation journal cs1">Taufik, Leonard; Teixeira, João C.; Llamas, Bastien; Sudoyo, Herawati; Tobler, Raymond; Purnomo, Gludhug A. (December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9778601">"Human Genetic Research in Wallacea and Sahul: Recent Findings and Future Prospects"</a>. <i>Genes</i>. <b>13</b> (12): 2373. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fgenes13122373">10.3390/genes13122373</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2073-4425">2073-4425</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9778601">9778601</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36553640">36553640</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genes&rft.atitle=Human+Genetic+Research+in+Wallacea+and+Sahul%3A+Recent+Findings+and+Future+Prospects&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=2373&rft.date=2022-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9778601%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2073-4425&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36553640&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fgenes13122373&rft.aulast=Taufik&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft.au=Teixeira%2C+Jo%C3%A3o+C.&rft.au=Llamas%2C+Bastien&rft.au=Sudoyo%2C+Herawati&rft.au=Tobler%2C+Raymond&rft.au=Purnomo%2C+Gludhug+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9778601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yang2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yang2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yang2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang2022" class="citation journal cs1">Yang, Melinda A. (2022-01-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pivotscipub.com/hpgg/2/1/0001/html">"A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia"</a>. <i>Human Population Genetics and Genomics</i>. <b>2</b> (1): 1–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.47248%2Fhpgg2202010001">10.47248/hpgg2202010001</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2770-5005">2770-5005</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Population+Genetics+and+Genomics&rft.atitle=A+genetic+history+of+migration%2C+diversification%2C+and+admixture+in+Asia&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-32&rft.date=2022-01-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.47248%2Fhpgg2202010001&rft.issn=2770-5005&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Melinda+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pivotscipub.com%2Fhpgg%2F2%2F1%2F0001%2Fhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto63-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto63_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto63_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto63_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValliniMarcianiAneliBortolini2022" class="citation journal cs1">Vallini, Leonardo; Marciani, Giulia; Aneli, Serena; Bortolini, Eugenio; Benazzi, Stefano; Pievani, Telmo; Pagani, Luca (2022-04-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9021735">"Genetics and Material Culture Support Repeated Expansions into Paleolithic Eurasia from a Population Hub Out of Africa"</a>. <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. <b>14</b> (4). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgbe%2Fevac045">10.1093/gbe/evac045</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1759-6653">1759-6653</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9021735">9021735</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35445261">35445261</a>. <q>Taken together with a lower bound of the final settlement of Sahul at 37 kya it is reasonable to describe Papuans as either an almost even mixture between East-Eurasians and a lineage basal to West and East-Eurasians which occurred sometimes between 45 and 38kya, or as a sister lineage of East-Eurasians with or without a minor basal OoA or xOoA contribution. We here chose to parsimoniously describe Papuans as a simple sister group of Tianyuan, cautioning that this may be just one out of six equifinal possibilities.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Genetics+and+Material+Culture+Support+Repeated+Expansions+into+Paleolithic+Eurasia+from+a+Population+Hub+Out+of+Africa&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2022-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9021735%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1759-6653&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F35445261&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgbe%2Fevac045&rft.aulast=Vallini&rft.aufirst=Leonardo&rft.au=Marciani%2C+Giulia&rft.au=Aneli%2C+Serena&rft.au=Bortolini%2C+Eugenio&rft.au=Benazzi%2C+Stefano&rft.au=Pievani%2C+Telmo&rft.au=Pagani%2C+Luca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9021735&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedroBrucatoFernandesAndré2020" class="citation journal cs1">Pedro, Nicole; 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Jacobs, Guy S.; Cook, Laura E.; Brucato, Nicolas; Leavesley, Matthew; Kinipi, Christopher; Ricaut, François-Xavier; Cox, Murray P.; Gallego Romero, Irene (2022-12-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9731433">"Denisovan introgression has shaped the immune system of present-day Papuans"</a>. <i>PLOS Genetics</i>. <b>18</b> (12): e1010470. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1010470">10.1371/journal.pgen.1010470</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1553-7390">1553-7390</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9731433">9731433</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36480515">36480515</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+Genetics&rft.atitle=Denisovan+introgression+has+shaped+the+immune+system+of+present-day+Papuans&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=e1010470&rft.date=2022-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9731433%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1553-7390&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36480515&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1010470&rft.aulast=Vespasiani&rft.aufirst=Davide+M.&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Guy+S.&rft.au=Cook%2C+Laura+E.&rft.au=Brucato%2C+Nicolas&rft.au=Leavesley%2C+Matthew&rft.au=Kinipi%2C+Christopher&rft.au=Ricaut%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier&rft.au=Cox%2C+Murray+P.&rft.au=Gallego+Romero%2C+Irene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9731433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMekel-BobrovGilbertEvansVallender2005" class="citation journal cs1">Mekel-Bobrov, Nitzan; Gilbert, Sandra L.; Evans, Patrick D.; Vallender, Eric J.; Anderson, Jeffrey R.; Hudson, Richard R.; Tishkoff, Sarah A.; Lahn, Bruce T. (2005-09-09). "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM , a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens". <i>Science</i>. <b>309</b> (5741): 1720–1722. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Sci...309.1720M">2005Sci...309.1720M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1116815">10.1126/science.1116815</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16151010">16151010</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30403575">30403575</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Ongoing+Adaptive+Evolution+of+ASPM+%2C+a+Brain+Size+Determinant+in+Homo+sapiens&rft.volume=309&rft.issue=5741&rft.pages=1720-1722&rft.date=2005-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A30403575%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Sci...309.1720M&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1116815&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16151010&rft.aulast=Mekel-Bobrov&rft.aufirst=Nitzan&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Sandra+L.&rft.au=Evans%2C+Patrick+D.&rft.au=Vallender%2C+Eric+J.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Jeffrey+R.&rft.au=Hudson%2C+Richard+R.&rft.au=Tishkoff%2C+Sarah+A.&rft.au=Lahn%2C+Bruce+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFW._G._Lawes1882" class="citation cs2">W. G. Lawes (1882), <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_20/January_1882/New_Guinea_and_its_People">"New Guinea and Its People"</a>, <i>Popular Science Monthly</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Science+Monthly&rft.atitle=New+Guinea+and+Its+People&rft.date=1882&rft.au=W.+G.+Lawes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FPopular_Science_Monthly%2FVolume_20%2FJanuary_1882%2FNew_Guinea_and_its_People&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+people+of+New+Guinea" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_people_of_New_Guinea&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:People_of_Papua" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:People of Papua">People of Papua</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Papuan_ethnic_groups" title="Template:Papuan ethnic groups"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Papuan_ethnic_groups" title="Template talk:Papuan ethnic groups"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Papuan_ethnic_groups" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Papuan ethnic groups"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Papuan_peoples" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papuan peoples</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abun_people" title="Abun people">Abun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amung_people" title="Amung people">Amung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asmat_people" title="Asmat people">Asmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauzi_people" title="Bauzi people">Bauzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_people" title="Dani people">Dani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekari_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekari people">Ekari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayu_people" title="Fayu people">Fayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanum_people" title="Kanum people">Kanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombai_people" title="Kombai people">Kombai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korowai_people" title="Korowai people">Korowai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lani_people" title="Lani people">Lani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marind_people" title="Marind people">Marind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mee_(ethnic_group)" title="Mee (ethnic group)">Mee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mek_people" title="Mek people">Mek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moni_people" title="Moni people">Moni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nduga_people" title="Nduga people">Nduga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawi_people" title="Sawi people">Sawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehit_people" title="Tehit people">Tehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobati_people" title="Tobati people">Tobati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolani_people" title="Wolani people">Wolani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yali_people" title="Yali people">Yali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaur_people" title="Yaur people">Yaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yei_people_(Indonesia)" title="Yei people (Indonesia)">Yei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abelam_people" title="Abelam people">Abelam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angu" title="Angu">Angu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baining_people" title="Baining people">Baining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruya_people" title="Baruya people">Baruya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilibil_people" title="Bilibil people">Bilibil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambri_people" title="Chambri people">Chambri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumo_people" title="Dumo people">Dumo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etoro_people" title="Etoro people">Etoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore_people" title="Fore people">Fore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadsup_people" title="Gadsup people">Gadsup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogodala_people" title="Gogodala people">Gogodala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haroli_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Haroli people">Haroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewa_people" title="Hewa people">Hewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huli_people" title="Huli people">Huli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatmul_people" title="Iatmul people">Iatmul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaluli_people" title="Kaluli people">Kaluli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanum_people" title="Kanum people">Kanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwoma_people" title="Kwoma people">Kwoma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koteka_peoples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koteka peoples (page does not exist)">Koteka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisin_people" title="Maisin people">Maisin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_people" title="Mian people">Mian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundugumor_people" title="Mundugumor people">Mundugumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogea_people" title="Ogea people">Ogea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orokaiva_people" title="Orokaiva people">Orokaiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambia_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sambia people">Sambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swagap_people" title="Swagap people">Swagap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tairora_people" title="Tairora people">Tairora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanga_people" title="Tanga people">Tanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefol_people" title="Telefol people">Telefol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolai_people" title="Tolai people">Tolai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobriand_people" title="Trobriand people">Trobriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsembaga_Maring_tribe" title="Tsembaga Maring tribe">Tsembaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urapmin_people" title="Urapmin people">Urapmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiru_people" title="Wiru people">Wiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wola_people" title="Wola people">Wola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wopkaimin_people" title="Wopkaimin people">Wopkaimin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zia_people_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Zia people (Papua New Guinea)">Zia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Culture_of_indigenous_Oceania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Template:Culture of Oceania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Template talk:Culture of Oceania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Oceania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Culture_of_indigenous_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indigenous_peoples#Oceania" title="List of Indigenous peoples">Culture of indigenous Oceania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>List of resources about traditional arts and culture of Oceania</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_art" title="Oceanian art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Island#Ahu" title="Easter Island">Ahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian_art" title="Indigenous Australian art">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Arts" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapa" title="Kapa">kapa (Hawaiʻi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_(garland)" title="Lei (garland)">Lei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magimagi" title="Magimagi">magimagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moai" title="Moai">moai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_art" title="New Zealand art">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:M%C4%81ori_art" title="Category:Māori art">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguzu_nguzu" title="Nguzu nguzu">nguzu nguzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_art" title="Oceanian art">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinean_art" title="Papua New Guinean art">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reimiro" title="Reimiro">reimiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%81_moko" title="Tā moko">tā moko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabua" title="Tabua">tabua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%CA%BBovala" title="Taʻovala">taʻovala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapa_cloth" title="Tapa cloth">tapa ["masi" (Fiji), "ngatu" (Tonga), "siapo" (Sāmoa), " ʻuha" (Rotuma)]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattoo" title="Tattoo">tattoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%93fui" title="Tēfui">tēfui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivaevae" title="Tivaevae">tivaevae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broad culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areca_nut" title="Areca nut">areca nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kava" title="Kava">"yaqona" (Fiji), or "sakau" (Pohnpei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kava_culture" title="Kava culture">Kava culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_culture" title="Māori culture">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_culture" title="Polynesian culture">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa_%27ava_ceremony" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoa 'ava ceremony">Sāmoa 'ava ceremony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wood_carving#Aboriginal" title="History of wood carving">Wood carving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geo-specific,<br />general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians#Culture" title="Indigenous Australians">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_astronomy" title="Australian Aboriginal astronomy">Australian Aboriginal astronomy</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Culture" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands#People_and_culture" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</a>, <i>-<a href="/wiki/Pwo" title="Pwo">Pwo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriori#Revival_of_culture" title="Moriori">Chatham Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands#Culture" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Island#Culture" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Fiji" title="Culture of Fiji">Fiji</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lau_Islands#Culture_and_economy" title="Lau Islands">Lau Islands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fijian_traditions_and_ceremonies" title="Fijian traditions and ceremonies">traditions and ceremonies</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam#Culture" title="Guam">Guam</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lomilomi_massage" title="Lomilomi massage">Lomilomi massage</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kiribati" title="Culture of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Marquesas_Islands" title="Culture of the Marquesas Islands">French Polynesia's Marquesas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia#Culture" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Nauru" title="Culture of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia#Culture" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_New_Zealand" title="Culture of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_culture" title="Māori culture">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue#Culture" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island#Culture" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau#Culture" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Culture of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands#Culture_and_religion" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoan culture">Sāmoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Culture of the Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Tonga" title="Culture of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islanders#Culture" title="Torres Strait Islanders">Torres Strait Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu#Culture" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Vanuatu" title="Culture of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna#Culture" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_navigation" title="Polynesian navigation">Polynesian Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_navigation" title="Micronesian navigation">Micronesian Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshallese_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshallese culture">Marshall Islands</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands_stick_chart" title="Marshall Islands stick chart">Stick charts of</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yap#Culture" title="Yap">Yap</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yap#Navigation_(sailing)" title="Yap">navigation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weriyeng" title="Weriyeng">Weriyeng navigation school</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canoes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_dugout_canoe" title="Aboriginal dugout canoe">Aboriginal dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alingano_Maisu" title="Alingano Maisu">Alingano Maisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Bangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drua" title="Drua">Drua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(boat)#Pacific_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Dugout (boat)">Dugout (boat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%ABle%CA%BBa" title="Hōkūleʻa">Hōkūleʻa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaep" title="Kaep">Kaep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoa" title="Karakoa">Karakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_migration_canoes" title="Māori migration canoes">Māori migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopao_(canoe)" title="Paopao (canoe)"> Paopao (Tuvalu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraw" title="Paraw">Paraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sailing#Polynesian_sailing_canoes" title="Canoe sailing">Polynesian sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proa" title="Proa">Proa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinta" title="Vinta">Vinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_M%C4%81ori_waka" title="List of Māori waka">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walap" title="Walap">Walap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBAparima" title="ʻAparima">ʻAparima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cibi" title="Cibi">cibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fara_(Rotuman_festivity)" title="Fara (Rotuman festivity)">fara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_performance" title="Fire performance">fire dancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firewalking" title="Firewalking">firewalking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haka" title="Haka">haka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hivinau" title="Hivinau">hivinau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hula" title="Hula">hula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailao" title="Kailao">kailao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapa_haka" title="Kapa haka">kapa haka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_Kiribati" title="Dance in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meke" title="Meke">meke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27ote%27a" title="'ote'a">'ote'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%27o%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Pa'o'a">pa'o'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poi_(performance_art)" title="Poi (performance art)">poi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_Rotuma" title="Dance in Rotuma">Rotuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_culture#Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoan culture">siva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dances_of_Tahiti" title="Category:Dances of Tahiti">Tahiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamure" title="Tamure">tāmūrē</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tautoga" title="Tautoga">tautoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dances_of_Tonga" title="Category:Dances of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tuvalu" title="Music of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27upa%27upa" title="'upa'upa">'upa'upa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garma_Festival_of_Traditional_Cultures" title="Garma Festival of Traditional Cultures">Garma Festival</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hawaiʻi <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aloha_Festivals" title="Aloha Festivals">Aloha Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrie_Monarch_Festival" title="Merrie Monarch Festival">Merrie Monarch Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Invitational_Hula_Festival" title="World Invitational Hula Festival">World Invitational Hula Festival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Fiji" title="List of festivals in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasifika_Festival" title="Pasifika Festival">Pasifika Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Te_Matatini" title="Te Matatini">Te Matatini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Community" title="Pacific Community">Pacific Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festival_of_Pacific_Arts" title="Festival of Pacific Arts">Festival of Pacific Arts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Category:Festivals in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Languages of Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Australia" title="Languages of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Fiji" title="Languages of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Marshall_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_New_Zealand" title="Languages of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Palau" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Languages of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Solomon_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tuvalu" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Vanuatu" title="Languages of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Cook_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_American_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Easter_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_New_Caledonia" title="Languages of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Norfolk_Island" title="Languages of Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tokelau" title="Languages of Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wallis_and_Futuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by category</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_Oceania" title="Category:Languages of Oceania">Languages of Oceania</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_literature" title="Oceanian literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Literature_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Oceania">Literature of Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Federated States of Micronesia (page does not exist)">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Fiji" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Kiribati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Kiribati (page does not exist)">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Marshall_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Marshall Islands (page does not exist)">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Nauru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Nauru (page does not exist)">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Palau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Palau (page does not exist)">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Papua_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Solomon_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Solomon Islands (page does not exist)">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Tonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Tuvalu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Tuvalu (page does not exist)">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Vanuatu" title="Literature of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_the_Cook_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_American_Samoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of American Samoa (page does not exist)">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Easter_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Easter Island (page does not exist)">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_French_Polynesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of French Polynesia (page does not exist)">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Guam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Guam (page does not exist)">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_New_Caledonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Norfolk_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Norfolk Island (page does not exist)">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Northern Mariana Islands (page does not exist)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of the Pitcairn Islands (page does not exist)">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Tokelau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Tokelau (page does not exist)">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Wallis_and_Futuna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Wallis and Futuna (page does not exist)">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Austral_Islands" title="Music of the Austral Islands">Austral Islands (French Polynesia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_music_of_Australia" title="Indigenous music of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Music" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Cook_Islands" title="Music of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Easter_Island" title="Music of Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Fiji" title="Music of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guam" title="Music of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kiribati" title="Music of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lali_(drum)" title="Lali (drum)">Lali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Melanesia" title="Music of Melanesia">Melanesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nauru" title="Music of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Caledonia" title="Music of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Zealand" title="Music of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_music" title="Māori music">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Niue" title="Music of Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Music of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Palau" title="Music of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Music of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Polynesia" title="Music of Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Samoa" title="Music of Samoa">Sāmoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slit_drum" title="Slit drum">Slit drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Music of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tahiti" title="Music of Tahiti">Tahiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tokelau" title="Music of Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tonga" title="Music of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tuvalu" title="Music of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vanuatu" title="Music of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Polynesia" title="Music of Polynesia">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mythology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Aboriginal mythology">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fijian_mythology" title="Category:Fijian mythology">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangarevan_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangarevan mythology">Mangarevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahiti_and_Society_Islands_mythology" title="Tahiti and Society Islands mythology">Maohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_mythology" title="Māori mythology">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_mythology" title="Melanesian mythology">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menehune" title="Menehune">Menehune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_mythology" title="Micronesian mythology">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Oceanian legendary creatures">Oceanian legendary creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_mythology" title="Rapa Nui mythology">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_mythology" title="Samoan mythology">Samoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_mythology" title="Tuvaluan mythology">Tuvaluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vanuatu_mythology" title="Category:Vanuatu mythology">Vanuatuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islander_Policy_Research_Consortium" title="Asian American and Pacific Islander Policy Research Consortium">Asian American and Pacific Islander Policy Research Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Institute_of_Aboriginal_and_Torres_Strait_Islander_Studies" title="Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies">Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Indigenous Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Sama-Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriori" title="Moriori">Chatham Islander (Moriori <em>or</em> Rekohu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijians" title="Fijians">Fijian (iTaukei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocano_people" title="Ilocano people">Ilocano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igorot" class="mw-redirect" title="Igorot">Igorot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivatan_people" title="Ivatan people">Ivatans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Demographics of the Marshall Islands">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesians" title="Micronesians">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negrito" title="Negrito">Negrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Islanders" title="Norfolk Islanders">Norfolk Islander</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesians" title="Polynesians">Polynesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maohi" title="Maohi">Indigenous Polynesian (Mā’ohi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_people" title="Rapa Nui people">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotumans" title="Rotumans">Rotuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoans" title="Samoans">Samoan (Tagata Māo‘i)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_people" title="Tagalog people">Tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwanese aborigines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelauan_people" title="Tokelauan people">Tokelauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tonga" title="Demographics of Tonga">Tongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islanders" title="Torres Strait Islanders">Torres Strait Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayans" title="Visayans">Visayans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yami_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Yami people">Yami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Oceania" title="Religion in Oceania">Religion in Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Australia" title="Religion in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Religion in the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Fiji" title="Religion in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kiribati" title="Religion in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Religion in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Zealand" title="Religion in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Palau" title="Religion in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Religion in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Samoa" title="Religion in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Solomon_Islands" title="Religion in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tonga" title="Religion in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tuvalu" title="Religion in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vanuatu" title="Religion in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Religion in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_American_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Easter_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in Easter Island (page does not exist)">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Caledonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norfolk_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tokelau" title="Religion in Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wallis_and_Futuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>For other topics including Oceanian <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinema of Oceania">cinema</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shell_money_in_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell money in Oceania">indigenous currency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Oceanian_clothing" title="Category:History of Oceanian clothing">dress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_folklore" title="Category:Oceanian folklore">folklore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_cuisine" title="Category:Oceanian cuisine">cuisine</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Oceania" title="Category:Culture of Oceania">Category:Culture of Oceania</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" title="Ethnic groups in Indonesia">Ethnic groups in Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Indonesians" title="Indonesians">Indonesians</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Malay#Indonesia" title="Proto-Malay">Aboriginal</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akit_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akit people (page does not exist)">Akit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batin_people" title="Batin people">Batin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonai_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bonai people (page does not exist)">Bonai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubu_people" title="Lubu people">Lubu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mante_people" title="Mante people">Mante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Kuala" title="Orang Kuala">Orang Kuala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Rimba_people" title="Orang Rimba people">Orang Rimba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai_people_(Indonesia)" title="Sakai people (Indonesia)">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petalangan_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petalangan people (page does not exist)">Petalangan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talang_Mamak_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talang Mamak people (page does not exist)">Talang Mamak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alas_people" title="Alas people">Alas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak" title="Batak">Batak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angkola_people" title="Angkola people">Angkola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karo_people_(Indonesia)" title="Karo people (Indonesia)">Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandailing_people" title="Mandailing people">Mandailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakpak_people" title="Pakpak people">Pakpak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simalungun_people" title="Simalungun people">Simalungun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toba_Batak_people" title="Toba Batak people">Toba Batak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enggano_people" title="Enggano people">Enggano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayo_people" title="Gayo people">Gayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kluet_people" title="Kluet people">Kluet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komering_people" title="Komering people">Komering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampung_people" title="Lampung people">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Laut" title="Orang Laut">Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asahan_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asahan Malay people (page does not exist)">Asahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basemah_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basemah people (page does not exist)">Basemah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belida_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belida people (page does not exist)">Belida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugis-Malay" title="Bugis-Malay">Bugis-Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deli_Malay_people" title="Deli Malay people">Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enim_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enim people (page does not exist)">Enim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kikim_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kikim people (page does not exist)">Kikim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kisam_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kisam people (page does not exist)">Kisam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahat_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahat Malay people (page does not exist)">Lahat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Langkat_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langkat Malay people (page does not exist)">Langkat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lembak_people" title="Lembak people">Lembak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lintang_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lintang people (page does not exist)">Lintang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musi_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musi people (page does not exist)">Musi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang_people" title="Palembang people">Palembang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegagan_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pegagan people (page does not exist)">Pegagan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penesak_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penesak people (page does not exist)">Penesak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rambang_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rambang people (page does not exist)">Rambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riau_Malays" title="Riau Malays">Riau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semendo_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semendo people (page does not exist)">Semendo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serdang_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serdang Malay people (page does not exist)">Serdang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentawai_people" title="Mentawai people">Mentawai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakuddei" title="Sakuddei">Sakuddei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aneuk_Jamee_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Aneuk Jamee people">Aneuk Jamee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nias_people" title="Nias people">Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haloban_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haloban people (page does not exist)">Haloban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogan_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogan people (page does not exist)">Ogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejang_people" title="Rejang people">Rejang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeulue_people" title="Simeulue people">Simeulue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singkil_people" title="Singkil people">Singkil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betawi_people" title="Betawi people">Betawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cirebonese_people" title="Cirebonese people">Cirebonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banyumasan_people" title="Banyumasan people">Banyumasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osing_people" title="Osing people">Osing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenggerese_people" title="Tenggerese people">Tenggerese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangeanese_people" title="Kangeanese people">Kangeanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bawean_people" title="Bawean people">Bawean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Kalimantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> <ul><li>Apo Duat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelabit_people" title="Kelabit people">Kelabit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lun_Bawang" title="Lun Bawang">Lun Bawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%27ban_people" title="Sa'ban people">Sa'ban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apo_Kayan_people" title="Apo Kayan people">Apo Kayan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahau_people" title="Bahau people">Bahau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayan_people_(Borneo)" title="Kayan people (Borneo)">Kayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyah_people" title="Kenyah people">Kenyah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebbo%27_people" title="Lebbo' people">Lebbo'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uma_Baka%27_people" title="Uma Baka' people">Uma Baka'</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidayuh" title="Bidayuh">Bidayuh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kendayan_people" title="Kendayan people">Kendayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selako_people" title="Selako people">Selako</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iban_people" title="Iban people">Iban</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_Mualang" title="Dayak Mualang">Mualang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murut_people" title="Murut people">Murut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tidung_people" title="Tidung people">Tidung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ot_Danum_people" title="Ot Danum people">Ot Danum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawangan_people" title="Lawangan people">Lawangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27anyan_people" title="Ma'anyan people">Ma'anyan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngaju_people" title="Ngaju people">Ngaju</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakumpai_people" title="Bakumpai people">Bakumpai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meratus_Dayak" title="Meratus Dayak">Meratus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punan_Bah" title="Punan Bah">Punan Bah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukitan_people" title="Bukitan people">Bukitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krio_Dayak_people" title="Krio Dayak people">Krio</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berau_Malays" title="Berau Malays">Berau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontianak_Malay" title="Pontianak Malay">Pontianak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Laut" title="Orang Laut">Orang Laut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus%C5%ABg_people" title="Tausūg people">Suluk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buginese_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Buginese people">Buginese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungku_people" title="Bungku people">Bungku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butonese_people" title="Butonese people">Butonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonerate_people" title="Bonerate people">Bonerate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontaloan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorontaloan people">Gorontaloan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalumpang_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalumpang people (page does not exist)">Kalumpang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindu_people" title="Lindu people">Lindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar_people" title="Makassar people">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarese_people" title="Mandarese people">Mandarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minahasan_people" title="Minahasan people">Minahasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongondow_people" title="Mongondow people">Mongondow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muna_people" title="Muna people">Muna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamona_people" title="Pamona people">Pamona</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rampi_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rampi people (page does not exist)">Rampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangirese_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangirese people">Sangirese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seko_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seko people (page does not exist)">Seko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Taa_Wana" title="Tau Taa Wana">Tau Taa Wana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torajan_people" title="Torajan people">Torajan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mamasa_people" title="Mamasa people">Mamasa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">Papua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abun_people" title="Abun people">Abun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amung_people" title="Amung people">Amungme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asmat_people" title="Asmat people">Asmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauzi_people" title="Bauzi people">Bauzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damal_people" title="Damal people">Damalme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_people" title="Dani people">Dani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekari_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekari people">Ekari (Mee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayu_people" title="Fayu people">Fayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanum_people" title="Kanum people">Kanum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketengban_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketengban people (page does not exist)">Ketengban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombai_people" title="Kombai people">Kombai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korowai_people" title="Korowai people">Korowai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lani_people" title="Lani people">Lani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marind_people" title="Marind people">Marind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mek_people" title="Mek people">Mek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moni_people" title="Moni people">Moni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nduga_people" title="Nduga people">Nduga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawi_people" title="Sawi people">Sawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sentani_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sentani people (page does not exist)">Sentani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehit_people" title="Tehit people">Tehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobati_people" title="Tobati people">Tobati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wambon_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wambon people (page does not exist)">Wambon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waropen_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waropen people (page does not exist)">Waropen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolani_people" title="Wolani people">Wolani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yali_people" title="Yali people">Yali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaur_people" title="Yaur people">Yaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yei_people_(Indonesia)" title="Yei people (Indonesia)">Yei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser <br />Sunda Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abui_people" title="Abui people">Abui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atoni" title="Atoni">Atoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Aga" title="Bali Aga">Bali Aga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimanese_people" title="Bimanese people">Bimanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunak_people" title="Bunak people">Bunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helong_people" title="Helong people">Helong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemak_people" title="Kemak people">Kemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamaholot_people" title="Lamaholot people">Lamaholot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loloan_Malays" title="Loloan Malays">Loloan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manggarai_people" title="Manggarai people">Manggarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nage" class="mw-redirect" title="Nage">Nage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotenese_people" title="Rotenese people">Rotenese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasak_people" title="Sasak people">Sasak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savu_people" title="Savu people">Savu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikka_people" title="Sikka people">Sikka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumba_people" title="Sumba people">Sumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumbawa_people" title="Sumbawa people">Sumbawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetum_people" title="Tetum people">Tetum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moluccans" title="Moluccans">Moluccan</a> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfur_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfur people">Alfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alune_people" title="Alune people">Alune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manusela_people" title="Manusela people">Manusela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuaulu_people" title="Nuaulu people">Nuaulu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambelau_people" title="Ambelau people">Ambelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambonese">Ambonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buru_people" title="Buru people">Buru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wai_Apu_people" title="Wai Apu people">Wai Apu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayeli_people" title="Kayeli people">Kayeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisela_people" title="Lisela people">Lisela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanimbarese" title="Tanimbarese">Tanimbarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobelo_people" title="Tobelo people">Tobelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togutil_people" title="Togutil people">Togutil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemale_people" title="Wemale people">Wemale</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Non-indigenous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Indonesians" title="African Indonesians">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belanda_Hitam" title="Belanda Hitam">Black Dutchmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesians" title="Arab Indonesians">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Indonesia" title="Armenians in Indonesia">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chindians" title="Chindians">Chindian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benteng_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Benteng Chinese">Benteng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_in_the_Bangka_Belitung_Islands" title="Chinese in the Bangka Belitung Islands">Bangka Belitung Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Maluku" title="Chinese Maluku">Maluku Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Padang_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Padang Chinese (page does not exist)">Padang Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aceh_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aceh Chinese (page does not exist)">Aceh Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bali_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bali Chinese (page does not exist)">Bali Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parit_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parit Chinese (page does not exist)">Parit Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palembang_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palembang Chinese (page does not exist)">Palembang Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Chinese (page does not exist)">Medan Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peranakans" class="mw-redirect" title="Peranakans">Peranakan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Indonesia" title="Filipinos in Indonesia">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesians" title="Indian Indonesians">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klingalese" title="Klingalese">Klingalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Indonesians" title="Tamil Indonesians">Tamil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_people" title="Indo people">Indo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_migration_to_Indonesia" title="Japanese migration to Indonesia">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish-Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish-Indonesian">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Indonesia" title="Koreans in Indonesia">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardijker_people" title="Mardijker people">Mardijker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistanis in Indonesia">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Indonesians" title="Portuguese Indonesians">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totok" title="Totok">Totok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority 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