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class="fieldset-legend">Topic Area</span> </legend> <div class="usa-fieldset__wrapper"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-select js-form-type-select form-item-topic-op js-form-item-topic-op form-no-label"> <label for="edit-topic-op" class="usa-label usa-sr-only"> <span class="usa-sr-only">Operator</span> </label> <div class="select-wrapper"><select data-drupal-selector="edit-topic-op" id="edit-topic-op" name="topic-op" class="form-select usa-select"><option value="or" selected="selected">OR</option><option value="and">AND</option></select></div> </div> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-select js-form-type-select form-item-topic-area-fieldset js-form-item-topic-area-fieldset form-no-label"> <select data-drupal-selector="edit-topic-area-fieldset" multiple="multiple" name="topic-area-fieldset[]" id="edit-topic-area-fieldset" size="9" class="form-select usa-select"><option value="249466">Advanced communications</option><option value="2806886">-Open Radio Access Network (Open-RAN)</option><option value="248311">-Quantum communications</option><option value="2806891">-Spectrum sharing</option><option value="248316">-Wireless (RF)</option><option value="248321">Bioscience</option><option value="2816256">-Bioeconomy</option><option value="2816351">--Biological data</option><option value="2813411">-Bioimaging</option><option value="2806896">-Bioinformatics</option><option value="248876">-Biomanufacturing</option><option value="248326">-Biomaterials</option><option value="2816261">-Biometrology</option><option value="2816266">-Biosecurity</option><option value="2816271">--Biosurveillance</option><option value="2816276">--Genomic cybersecurity</option><option value="2816356">--Nucleic acid sequence screening</option><option value="248336">-Cell measurements</option><option value="248341">-Engineering / synthetic biology</option><option value="2816281">--Biofabrication</option><option value="2813416">--Cell-free systems</option><option value="2816286">--Genome engineering</option><option value="2816291">--Protein engineering</option><option value="2813421">-Gene delivery systems</option><option value="2813426">-Genome editing</option><option value="248346">-Genomics</option><option value="248351">-Glycomics</option><option value="2784896">-Metabolomics</option><option value="248361">-Microbial measurements</option><option value="248366">-Proteomics</option><option value="2813436">-Transcriptomics</option><option value="248371">Buildings and Construction</option><option value="248376">-Building codes and standards</option><option value="248381">-Building control systems</option><option value="248386">-Building damage and repair</option><option value="248391">-Building economics</option><option value="248396">-Building materials</option><option value="248551">-Energy efficiency</option><option value="248401">-Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment</option><option value="248406">-Indoor air 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value="248531">Energy</option><option value="248536">-Alternative energy</option><option value="248541">-Conventional energy</option><option value="248546">-Electric power / smart grid</option><option value="248556">-Fuels</option><option value="248561">Environment</option><option value="248566">-Air / water / soil quality</option><option value="2788551">-Climate Measurements</option><option value="248571">-Environmental health</option><option value="248576">-Greenhouse gas measurements</option><option value="248581">-Marine science</option><option value="2746596">-Sustainability</option><option value="248586">Fire</option><option value="248591">-Fire detection</option><option value="2746901">-Fire dynamics and science</option><option value="248596">-Fire fighting</option><option value="248601">-Fire modeling</option><option value="248606">-Fire risk reduction</option><option value="248611">-Materials flammability</option><option value="2746906">-Structural fire resistance</option><option value="2746911">-Wildland urban interface fire</option><option value="248616">Forensic Science</option><option value="248626">-Digital evidence</option><option value="248636">-Drugs and toxicology</option><option value="248621">-Firearms and toolmarks</option><option value="248641">-Forensic biometrics</option><option value="248631">-Forensic genetics</option><option value="248646">-Trace evidence</option><option value="248651">Health</option><option value="248681">-Biopharmaceuticals</option><option value="2813441">-Cell and gene therapy</option><option value="248661">-Clinical diagnostics</option><option value="2816296">--Cancer</option><option value="248676">--Medical imaging</option><option value="248671">-Food and nutrition</option><option value="2813446">-Human microbiome</option><option value="248686">-Precision medicine</option><option value="248656">-Regenerative medicine and advanced therapy</option><option value="2816301">--Flow cytometry</option><option value="249421">Information technology</option><option value="2753736">-Artificial intelligence</option><option value="2800826">--AI measurement and evaluation</option><option value="2788806">--Applied AI</option><option value="2788801">--Fundamental AI</option><option value="2800831">--Hardware for AI</option><option value="2800991">--Machine learning</option><option value="2800836">--Trustworthy and responsible AI</option><option value="248701">-Biometrics</option><option value="248706">-Cloud computing and virtualization</option><option value="248711">-Complex systems</option><option value="248716">-Computational science</option><option value="248721">-Conformance testing</option><option value="248726">-Cyber-physical systems</option><option value="2746861">--Smart cities</option><option value="248731">-Cybersecurity</option><option value="248746">--Cryptography</option><option value="2753741">--Cybersecurity education and workforce development</option><option value="2788811">--Cybersecurity measurement</option><option value="248736">--Identity and access management</option><option value="2788816">--Privacy engineering</option><option value="248751">--Risk management</option><option value="2788821">--Securing emerging technologies</option><option value="2788826">--Trustworthy networks</option><option value="2788831">--Trustworthy platforms</option><option value="248756">-Data and informatics</option><option value="248761">--Human language technology</option><option value="248766">--Information retrieval</option><option value="248771">--Natural language processing</option><option value="248781">-Federal information processing standards (FIPS)</option><option value="248786">-Health IT</option><option value="2748441">-Internet of Things (IoT)</option><option value="248796">-Interoperability testing</option><option value="2806901">-Location based services</option><option value="248801">-Mobile</option><option 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value="2748456">--Collaborative robots</option><option value="2748461">--Dexterous grasping</option><option value="2748471">--Manipulation</option><option value="2748466">--Mobility and industrial autonomous vehicles</option><option value="2748486">--Navigation / actuation / control</option><option value="2748481">--Sensing and perception</option><option value="248926">-Supply chain</option><option value="248931">-Sustainable manufacturing</option><option value="2748491">-Systems engineering</option><option value="2748496">-Systems integration</option><option value="248936">-Technology commercialization</option><option value="248946">Materials</option><option value="248951">-Ceramics</option><option value="248956">-Composites</option><option value="248961">-Concrete / cement</option><option value="248966">-Materials characterization</option><option value="248971">--Composition and structure</option><option value="248981">--Mechanical properties</option><option value="248986">--Thermal 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metrology</option><option value="249096">-Ionizing radiation metrology</option><option value="249101">-Mass metrology</option><option value="2746606">-Metric</option><option value="249106">-Optical / photometry / laser metrology</option><option value="249111">-Pressure and vacuum metrology</option><option value="249116">-Thermometry metrology</option><option value="249121">-Time and frequency metrology</option><option value="2746611">-Weights and measures</option><option value="249126">Nanotechnology</option><option value="249131">-Nanobiotechnology</option><option value="249136">-Nanochemistry</option><option value="249141">-Nanoelectronics</option><option value="249146">-Nanofabrication / manufacturing</option><option value="249151">--Lithography</option><option value="249156">--Self-assembly</option><option value="249161">-Nanofluidics</option><option value="249166">-Nanomagnetics</option><option value="249171">-Nanomaterials</option><option 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