CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="no-js" lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Angel Food Cake History, Whats Cooking America</title> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="author" content="Linda Stradley"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wp-content/themes/whatscooking/style.css" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="What's Cooking America Feed" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/feed/"> <link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-wvfXpqpZZVQGK6TAh5PVlGOfQNHSoD2xbE+QkPxCAFlNEevoEH3Sl0sibVcOQVnN" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <meta property="og:description" content=" Angel Food cake is thought to be a takeoff of the Sponge Cake, Cornstarch Cake, Silver Cake, and/or Snow-drift Cake. There are several theories on who originated this Angel"> <meta property="og:title" content="Angel Food Cake History"> <meta property="article_author" content="Brenda"> <meta property="article_publisher" content="Brenda"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="529576650555031"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="What's Cooking America"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2015-05-09T21:08:46+00:00"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2016-09-14T22:16:31+00:00"> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2016-09-14T22:16:31+00:00"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Angel Food Cake History"> <meta name="twitter:description" content=" Angel Food cake is thought to be a takeoff of the Sponge Cake, Cornstarch Cake, Silver Cake, and/or Snow-drift Cake. There are several theories on who originated this Angel"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <style> @font-face { font-family: "sw-icon-font"; src:url("https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.eot?ver=4.4.6.3"); src:url("https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.eot?ver=4.4.6.3#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.woff?ver=4.4.6.3") format("woff"), url("https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.ttf?ver=4.4.6.3") format("truetype"), url("https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.svg?ver=4.4.6.3#1445203416") format("svg"); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-display:block; } </style>   <meta name="description" content="Learn about Angel Food Cake History. There are several theories on who originated this angel food cake, also called ice cream cake." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Angel Food Cake History, Whats Cooking America" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Learn about Angel Food Cake History. There are several theories on who originated this angel food cake, also called ice cream cake." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="What's Cooking America" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/whatscookingusa/" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2015-05-09T21:08:46+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2016-09-14T22:16:31+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="302" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="266" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Brenda" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Brenda" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="6 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm","url":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm","name":"Angel Food Cake History, Whats Cooking America","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg","datePublished":"2015-05-09T21:08:46+00:00","dateModified":"2016-09-14T22:16:31+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/#/schema/person/260a175023e237d3adc9958c2cd04336"},"description":"Learn about Angel Food Cake History. There are several theories on who originated this angel food cake, also called ice cream cake.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm#primaryimage","url":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg","contentUrl":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg","width":302,"height":266,"caption":"Angel Food Cake History"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"What's Cooking America","item":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Cooking Articles","item":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/cooking-articles/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Dessert Recipes","item":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Cake","item":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/cake/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Historical Cakes","item":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/cake/historical-cakes/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"name":"Angel Food Cake History"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/#website","url":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/","name":"What's Cooking America","description":"America's Most Trusted Culinary Resource since 1997","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/#/schema/person/260a175023e237d3adc9958c2cd04336","name":"Brenda","url":"https://whatscookingamerica.net/author/brenda/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ajax.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//scripts.mediavine.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' />  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-XX91CWBJFJ" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.3.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/whatscookingamerica.net\/import-legacy-history-cakes-angelfoodcake-htm\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-XX91CWBJFJ', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-XX91CWBJFJ', {"forceSSL":"true","anonymize_ip":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <link rel='stylesheet' id='social-warfare-block-css-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/js/post-editor/dist/blocks.style.build.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='itempropwp-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/itempropwp/assets/css/itempropwp.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='Lato-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:300,400,700' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='roots_css-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/themes/whatscooking/assets/css/main.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-components-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/components/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-preferences-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/preferences/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-editor-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/block-editor/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-reusable-blocks-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/reusable-blocks/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-patterns-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/patterns/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-editor-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/css/dist/editor/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='drop_shadow_block-style-css-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/drop-shadow-boxes/block/blocks.style.build.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jquery-smooth-scroll-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/jquery-smooth-scroll/css/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wprm-template-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/wp-recipe-maker/templates/recipe/legacy/tastefully-simple/tastefully-simple.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='social_warfare-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/css/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-default-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/tablepress/css/build/default.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-responsive-tables-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/tablepress-responsive-tables/css/tablepress-responsive.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='RecipeIndexStyleSheets-css' href='https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/visual-recipe-index/css/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/bmi-bmr-calculator/includes/js/modernizr.js" id="modernizr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-js"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/themes/whatscooking/assets/vendor/jquery/dist/jquery-3.7.1.min.js"><\/script>')</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/whatscookingamerica.net","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-XX91CWBJFJ"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" data-noptimize="1" data-cfasync="false" src="https://scripts.mediavine.com/tags/whats-cooking-america.js" id="mv-script-wrapper-js"></script> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm&format=xml" /> <script type="text/javascript">var ajaxurl = 'https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php';</script><style type="text/css"> html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe { font-size: 16px; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe { font-family: Lato, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe p { font-family: Lato, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe li { font-family: Lato, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-recipe-name { font-family: Lato; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-recipe-header { font-family: Lato; } html body .wprm-recipe-container { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container a.wprm-recipe-print { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container a.wprm-recipe-print:hover { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe { background-color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe { border-color: #aaaaaa; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-tastefully-simple .wprm-recipe-time-container { border-color: #aaaaaa; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-color-border { border-color: #aaaaaa; } html body .wprm-recipe-container a { color: #1e73be; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-tastefully-simple .wprm-recipe-name { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-tastefully-simple .wprm-recipe-header { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container h1 { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container h2 { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container h3 { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container h4 { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container h5 { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container h6 { color: #515151; } html body .wprm-recipe-container svg path { fill: #343434; } html body .wprm-recipe-container svg rect { fill: #343434; } html body .wprm-recipe-container svg polygon { stroke: #343434; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-rating-star-full svg polygon { fill: #343434; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-color-accent { background-color: #2c3e50; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-color-accent { color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-color-accent a.wprm-recipe-print { color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe .wprm-color-accent a.wprm-recipe-print:hover { color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-colorful .wprm-recipe-header { background-color: #2c3e50; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-colorful .wprm-recipe-header { color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-colorful .wprm-recipe-meta > div { background-color: #3498db; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-colorful .wprm-recipe-meta > div { color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-colorful .wprm-recipe-meta > div a.wprm-recipe-print { color: #ffffff; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-colorful .wprm-recipe-meta > div a.wprm-recipe-print:hover { color: #ffffff; } .wprm-rating-star svg polygon { stroke: #343434; } .wprm-rating-star.wprm-rating-star-full svg polygon { fill: #343434; } html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe-instruction-image { text-align: left; } html body .wprm-recipe-container li.wprm-recipe-ingredient { list-style-type: none; } html body .wprm-recipe-container li.wprm-recipe-instruction { list-style-type: none; } .tippy-box[data-theme~="wprm"] { background-color: #333333; color: #FFFFFF; } .tippy-box[data-theme~="wprm"][data-placement^="top"] > .tippy-arrow::before { border-top-color: #333333; } .tippy-box[data-theme~="wprm"][data-placement^="bottom"] > .tippy-arrow::before { border-bottom-color: #333333; } .tippy-box[data-theme~="wprm"][data-placement^="left"] > .tippy-arrow::before { border-left-color: #333333; } .tippy-box[data-theme~="wprm"][data-placement^="right"] > .tippy-arrow::before { border-right-color: #333333; } .tippy-box[data-theme~="wprm"] a { color: #FFFFFF; } .wprm-comment-rating svg { width: 18px !important; height: 18px !important; } img.wprm-comment-rating { width: 90px !important; height: 18px !important; } body { --comment-rating-star-color: #eeee22; } body { --wprm-popup-font-size: 16px; } body { --wprm-popup-background: #ffffff; } body { --wprm-popup-title: #000000; } body { --wprm-popup-content: #444444; } body { --wprm-popup-button-background: #444444; } body { --wprm-popup-button-text: #ffffff; }ul.wprm-recipe-ingredients, ul.wprm-recipe-instructions{ margin-bottom: 2em !important; }</style><style type="text/css">.wprm-glossary-term {color: #5A822B;text-decoration: underline;cursor: help;}</style><style type="text/css"> .no-js .lazy[data-src] { display: none; } </style> <link rel="icon" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/cropped-faviconwcaT-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/cropped-faviconwcaT-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/cropped-faviconwcaT-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/cropped-faviconwcaT-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /* Edits by Matt Biscay */ /* Warfare : make link white */ .swp_count, .nc_socialPanel span.iconFiller, div.sw-pinit a.sw-pinit-button, div.sw-pinit a.sw-pinit-button:visited { color: #fff; } .swp_social_panel .iconFiller { color: #FFF; } /* red buttons : one size for all */ ._mPS2id-h { width: 100px; text-align: center; } .nav-pills li:last-child { margin-right: 0; } div#recipeMenu > ul > li { border:0 } /* mobile : less space between buttons and ads */ @media (max-width: 767px) { #recipeMenu { margin-bottom: 5px; } .nc_socialPanel { margin-bottom: 5px!important; margin-top: 5px!important; } .wide-ad, .narrow-ad { min-height: fit-content !important; } } /* center images on frontpage */ .center img { display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } /* FA social icons */ i.fa.fa-facebook-square{ color: #3B5998; } i.fa.fa-twitter-square{ color: #00aced; } i.fa.fa-instagram{ color: #833ab4; } .fa-google-plus-square { color:#dd4b39; } .fa-pinterest-square{ color: #cb2027; } .fa-youtube-square{ color: #ff0000; } .yummly{ border-radius: 20%; height: 27px; margin-left: 0px !important; } .social-media-icons a i:hover, .social-media-icons a img:hover{ opacity: .7; } .social-media-icons i.fa{ margin: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 27px; line-height: 27px; margin-right: 5px; border-radius: 27px; } .social-media-icons i { background-color: #fff; } .social-media-icons{ display:flex; justify-content: center; } .social-media-icons ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; text-align: center; } /*****************/ /* civic cookie control */ #ccc[light] #ccc-icon { fill: #a51919 !important; } /********************/ /* WP Recipe Maker */ html body .wprm-recipe-container .wprm-recipe p { font-family: "Lato", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 1em 0; } /* JP related recipes */ h3.jp-relatedposts-headline { font-size: 20px !important; font-weight: 700; color: #515151; } a.jp-relatedposts-post-a { color: #515151 !important; } #glossary p { font-family: lato,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.42857143; color: #515151; } #glossary ul { margin:0; list-style:none; } #glossary ul li { margin-top:10px; } #glossary p, #glossary .pf-content { display:inline; } #glossary .col-sm-12 { margin-bottom:10px; } #glossary .term-history p { display:block; } /* Mediavine sidebar and mobile fix */ @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { .sidebar-primary .main { max-width: calc(100% - 330px); } .sidebar-primary .sidebar { min-width: 330px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 359px) { .single-post > .container { padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; } .single-post .content.row { margin-left: unset; margin-right: unset; } .single-post .main { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; } .wprm-recipe-tastefully-simple { padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; border-left-width: 0px !important; border-right-width: 0px !important; } } /* End Mediavine fix */ </style> <script> /* Google Analytics */ (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-293350-1', 'auto'); ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); ga('send', 'pageview'); /* /Google Analytics */ </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-K7BZN54R76"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-K7BZN54R76'); </script> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-134955 single-format-standard sidebar-primary">  <header class="banner navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top" role="banner" style="margin-top: 0px;"> <div class="mobile-ad-space navbar-fixed-top" style="display:none;"> <section class="wrapper widget text-28 widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="top icon-bar"></span> <span class="middle icon-bar"></span> <span class="bottom icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/"><img class="img-responsive" src="/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/WCA_Logo-Banner_72-site-copy-compressed-2.jpg" alt="What's Cooking America"></a><br /> <span class="tagline">America's most trusted culinary resource since 1997</span> </div> <nav class="collapse navbar-collapse" role="navigation"> <div class="navbar-widgets clearfix"> <section class="widget search-2 widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form form-inline" action="https://whatscookingamerica.net/"> <label class="sr-only">Search for:</label> <div class="input-group"> <input type="search" value="" name="s" class="search-field form-control" placeholder="Search"> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="search-submit btn btn-default"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button> </span> </div> </form> </section> <section class="widget text-16 widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><div class="social-media-icons"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/whatscookingusa" title="Follow us on Facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="margin-left: -25px;"><i class="fa fa-facebook-square fa-2x"></i></a><br /> <a href="https://twitter.com/WhatsCookingUSA" title="Follow us on Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="fa fa-twitter-square fa-2x"></i></a><br /> <a href="https://instagram.com/whatscookingamerica" title="Follow us on Instagram" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="fa fa-instagram fa-2x"></i></a><br /> <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/whatscookingusa/" title="Follow us on Pinterest" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="fa fa-pinterest-square fa-2x"></i></a><br /> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/WhatsCookingAmerica" title="Follow us on Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><i class="fa fa-youtube-square fa-2x"></i></a><br /> <a href="https://www.yummly.com/page/whatscookingamerica" title="Follow us on Yummly" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="yummly lazy" alt="Follow us on Yummly" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/yummly-40.png"/><noscript><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/yummly-40.png" class="yummly" alt="Follow us on Yummly" /></noscript></a> </div> </div> </section> </div> <ul id="menu-menu-1" class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"><li class="menu-home"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/">Home</a></li> <li class="dropdown menu-recipe-indexes"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-target="#" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/recipeindex.htm">Recipe Indexes <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="menu-recipe-index-by-food-type"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/recipeindex.htm">Recipe Index (by food type)</a></li> <li class="menu-dinner-party-menus"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/menu/menuindex.htm">Dinner Party Menus</a></li> <li class="menu-baking-corner"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/recipe-indexes/baking-corner/">Baking Corner</a></li> <li class="menu-regional-foods"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/americanregionalfoods/regionalamericanindex.htm">Regional Foods</a></li> <li class="menu-healthy-recipes"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/recipeindexdiet.htm">Healthy Recipes</a></li> <li class="menu-cooking-videos"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/videos-cooking-videos/">Cooking Videos</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-food-history"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/historyindex.htm">Food History</a></li> <li class="active dropdown menu-cooking-articles"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-target="#" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/cooking-articles/">Cooking Articles <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="menu-cooking-hints-tips"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/cookinghintsindex.htm">Cooking Hints & Tips</a></li> <li class="menu-cooking-lessons-cooking-101"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/cooking-lessons-cooking-101/">Cooking Lessons – Cooking 101</a></li> <li class="menu-food-travels-adventures"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/food-travels/2">Food Travels & Adventures</a></li> <li class="menu-diet-health-beauty"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/healthbeauty/beautydiethealthindex.htm">Diet, Health & Beauty</a></li> <li class="menu-kitchen-organization"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/leaschneider/organizemore.htm">Kitchen Organization</a></li> <li class="menu-sips-across-america-wine-columns"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/doc-lawrence/sipsacrossamerica.htm">Sips Across America – Wine Columns</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-culinary-dictionary-index"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/glossary/">Culinary Dictionary Index</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </header> <div class="wrap container" role="document"> <div class="content row"> <main class="main" role="main"> <article class="post-134955 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-cake category-cakes-history category-food-history category-historical-cakes mv-content-wrapper"> <header> <h1 class="entry-title" id="top">Angel Food Cake History</h1> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p id="breadcrumbs"><span><span><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/">What's Cooking America</a></span> » <span><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/cooking-articles/">Cooking Articles</a></span> » <span><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/">Dessert Recipes</a></span> » <span><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/cake/">Cake</a></span> » <span><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/cake/historical-cakes/">Historical Cakes</a></span> » <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">Angel Food Cake History</span></span></p> <div class="swp_social_panel swp_horizontal_panel swp_flat_fresh swp_default_full_color swp_other_full_color swp_individual_full_color scale-100 scale-full_width" data-min-width="1100" data-float-color="#ffffff" data-float="none" data-float-mobile="none" data-transition="slide" data-post-id="134955" ><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_pinterest" data-network="pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="nc_tweet swp_share_link noPop" onClick="var e=document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8'); e.setAttribute('src','//assets.pinterest.com/js/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999); document.body.appendChild(e); " ><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_pinterest_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Pin</span></span></span><span class="swp_count">7</span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_facebook" data-network="facebook"><a class="nc_tweet swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm" data-link="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_facebook_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Share</span></span></span></span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_twitter" data-network="twitter"><a class="nc_tweet swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Angel+Food+Cake+History&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm" data-link="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Angel+Food+Cake+History&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_twitter_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Tweet</span></span></span></span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_yummly" data-network="yummly"><a class="nc_tweet swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.yummly.com/urb/verify?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm" data-link="https://www.yummly.com/urb/verify?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_yummly_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Yum</span></span></span></span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_email" data-network="email"><a class="nc_tweet noPop swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" href="mailto:?subject=Angel%20Food%20Cake%20History&body=%26nbsp%3B%20Angel%20Food%20cake%20is%20thought%20to%20be%20a%20takeoff%20of%20the%20Sponge%20Cake%2C%20Cornstarch%20Cake%2C%20Silver%20Cake%2C%20and%2For%20Snow-drift%20Cake.%20%C2%A0There%20are%20several%20theories%20on%20who%20originated%20this%20Angel%0D%0A%0D%0ARead More Here: %20https%3A%2F%2Fwhatscookingamerica.net%2Fhistory%2Fcakes%2Fangelfoodcake.htm" target="_blank"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_email_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Email</span></span></span></span></a></div></div><div> <div></div> <p> </p> <p>Angel Food cake is thought to be a takeoff of the Sponge Cake, Cornstarch Cake, Silver Cake, and/or Snow-drift Cake. There are several theories on who originated this Angel Food Cake, also called ice cream cake (a Pennsylvania Dutch wedding cake). It is felt that the abundance of cake molds in southeastern Pennsylvania, one of the major producer of cake molds, indicates that the angel food cake originated there in the early 1800s.</p> <p> </p> <p><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-141565 lazy" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt="Angel Food Cake History" width="302" height="266" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg"/><noscript><img loading="lazy" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-141565" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg" alt="Angel Food Cake History" width="302" height="266" /></noscript></a></p> <div> <p> </p> </div> <p><strong>Rotary Egg Beaters: </strong> The rotary egg beater eliminated the long and laborious hand beating of eggs and batters. The rotary egg beater was purchased in sufficient numbers to make a substantial impact on American cooking. In the Sears’ 1897 catalogue a “Dover” egg beater sold for 9.</p> <p><strong>1865</strong> – The first patents for rotary egg beaters began showing up around 1865.</p> <p><strong>1870</strong> – Turner Williams of Providence, Rhode Island invented and patented, US Patent #103811, the hand-cranked egg beater with two inter-meshed, counter-rotating whisks. It was an improvement on earlier rotary egg beaters that had only one whisk.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <h3 style="text-align: center;"><strong>Angel Food Cake History:</strong></h3> <p><span style="color: #993300;">Some historians think that the first angel food cakes were probably baked by African-American slaves from the South because making this cake required a strong beating arm and lots of labor to whip the air into the whites. Angel food cakes are also a traditional African-American favorite for post-funeral feasting.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1871</strong> – <u>Mrs. Porter’s New Southern Cookery Book, and Companion for Frugal and Economical</u> by M. E. Porter, has a recipe for Snow-drift Cake:</p> <p style="padding-left: 30px;">Three cupsful of flour, two cupsful of sugar, one-half a cupful of butter, one cupful of sweet milk, the whites of five eggs beaten to a stiff froth, one teaspoonful of cream of tartar, one-half a teaspoonful of soda; sift the flour, and do not pack it when measuring it.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1881</strong> – Mrs. Abby Fisher, the first Black American woman and a former slave from Mobile, Alabama, recorded her recipes in a cookbook called <u>What Mrs. Fisher Knows About Old Southern Cooking, Soups, Pickles, Preserves, Etc</u>. Abby Fisher lived and worked in San Francisco as a cook and caterer in the late 1870s. She has a recipe for Silver Cake, which sounds like an Angel Cake:</p> <p style="padding-left: 30px;">Silver cake – The whites of one dozen eggs beaten very light, one pound of butter, one pound of powdered sugar; rub the butter and sugar together until creamed very light, then add the beaten whites of the eggs, and beat all together until very light; two teaspoonfuls of the best yeast powder sifted with one pound of flour, then add the flour to the eggs, sugar and butter, also add one-half teacupful of sweet milk; mix quickly, and beat till very light; flavor with two teaspoonfuls of the extract of almond or peach, put in when you beat the cake the last time. Put to bake in any shape pan you like, but grease the pan well before you put the cake batter in it. Have the stove moderately hot, so as the cake will bake gradually, and arrange the damper of stove so as send heat to the bottom of the cake first. This instruction of baking applies to all cakes except tea cakes.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1883</strong> – Angel Cake was one of the favorite dessert of Lucy Webb Hayes, wife of Rutherford B. Hayes (1822-1893), nineteenth President of the United States. Cookbook authors, Poppy Cannon and Patricia Brooks, wrote the following on the history of Angel Cake in their cookbook, <u>The Presidents’ Cookbook – Practical Recipes from George Washington to the Present</u>:</p> <p style="padding-left: 30px;">Considering the character of gentle, sweet-tempered Lucy Hayes, it seems fitting that Angel Cake should be one of her favorite desserts. The origins of Angel Cake, sometimes called angel-food cake, are mysterious, all the more so since they seem to derive from the mysterious East. The story goes, according to a cookbook published in 1883, that a family who lived along the Atlantic Coast moved to a quiet place along the Hudson River and opened a boarding house. A friends presented one of the ladies of the family, who was remarkable skilled as a cake-baker, a valuable “receipt” that had come to her from a friend in India. Sometime later, the family left their picturesque boarding house along the Hudson and returned to their original coastal home. There, the cake-baker of the family opened a bakery of sorts, specializing in various cakes, including the mysterious cake from the East. This special cake was produced under unusual circumstances: only one was baked at a time, behind closed doors and in the greatest secrecy. But like most secrets of the kitchen, it eventually was found out, improved upon, and perfected.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1884</strong> – The original <u>Boston Cooking School Cook Book</u>, by Mrs.D.A. Lincoln had a recipe for Angel Cake. There was also recipes for Cornstarch Cake and Snow Cake which are similar.</p> <p style="padding-left: 30px;">Angel Cake – One cup of flour, measured after one sifting, and then mixed with one teaspoonful of cream of tartar and sifted four times. Beat the whites of eleven eggs, with a wire beater or perforated spoon, until stiff and flaky. Add one cup and a half of fine granulated sugar, and beat again; add one teaspoon of vanilla or almond, then mix in flour quickly and lightly. Line the bottom and funnel of a cake pan with paper not greased, pour in the mixture, and bake about forty minutes. When done, loosen the cake around the edge, and turn out at once. Some persons have been more successful with this cake by mixing the sugar with the flour and cream of tartar, and adding all at once to the beaten egg.</p> <p style="padding-left: 30px;">In Fannie Merritt Farmer’s 1896 updated version of the <u>Boston Cooking School Cook Book</u>, she uses the same recipe and calls the cake “Angel Food Cake.”</p> </div> <p> </p> <p> </p> <div> <h6><strong>SOURCES:</strong></h6> <h6>Boston Cooking School Cook Book: A Reprint of the 1884 Classic, by Mrs. D. A. Lincoln, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1996 Reprint.</h6> <h6>Canada Science and Technology Museum, an internet web site.</h6> <h6>The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book, by Fannie Merritt Farmer, 7th Edition, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1943.</h6> <h6>The Original Fannie Farmer 1896 Cook Book, The Boston Cooking School, A facsimile of the first edition originally published in 1896, Ottenheimer Publishers, Inc., 1996.</h6> <h6>Mrs. Porter’s New Southern Cookery Book, and Companion for Frugal and Economical, by M. E. Porter, Porter (Paperback – December 2001 – Reprint)</h6> <h6>The Presidents’ Cookbook – Practical Recipes from George Washington to the Present, by Poppy Cannon and Patricia Brooks, Funk and Wagnalls, 1968.</h6> <h6>What Mrs. Fisher Knows About Old Southern Cooking, Soups, Pickles, Preserves, Etc., by Mrs. Abbey Fisher, Applewood Books, 1995 Reprint.</h6> </div> <p> </p> <span itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="itempropwp-wrap"><meta itemprop="name" content="Angel Food Cake History" /><meta itemprop="headline" content="Angel Food Cake History" /><meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemType="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm" /><span itemprop="image" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AngelFoodCake6.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="302"/><meta itemprop="height" content="266"/></span><meta itemprop="author" content="https://whatscookingamerica.net/author/brenda/" /><meta itemprop="description" content=" Angel Food cake is thought to be a takeoff of the Sponge Cake, Cornstarch Cake, Silver Cake, and/or Snow-drift Cake. There are several theories on who originated this Angel Food Cake, also called ice cream cake (a Pennsylvania Dutch wedding cake). It is felt that the abundance of cake molds in southeastern Pennsylvania, one of the major producer of cake molds, indicates that the angel food cake originated there in the early 1800s.  Rotary Egg Beaters: The rotary egg beater eliminated the long and laborious hand beating of eggs and batters. The rotary egg beater was purchased in sufficient numbers to make a substantial impact on American cooking. In the Sears' 1897 catalogue a "Dover" egg beater sold for 9.1865 - The first patents for rotary egg beaters began showing up around 1865.1870 - Turner Williams of Providence, Rhode Island invented and patented, US Patent #103811, the hand-cranked egg beater with two inter-meshed, counter-rotating whisks. It was an improvement on earlier rotary egg beaters that had only one whisk.  Angel Food Cake History:Some historians think that the first angel food cakes were probably baked by African-American slaves from the South because making this cake required a strong beating arm and lots of labor to whip the air into the whites. Angel food cakes are also a traditional African-American favorite for post-funeral feasting. 1871 - Mrs. Porter's New Southern Cookery Book, and Companion for Frugal and Economical by M. E. Porter, has a recipe for Snow-drift Cake:Three cupsful of flour, two cupsful of sugar, one-half a cupful of butter, one cupful of sweet milk, the whites of five eggs beaten to a stiff froth, one teaspoonful of cream of tartar, one-half a teaspoonful of soda; sift the flour, and do not pack it when measuring it. 1881 - Mrs. Abby Fisher, the first Black American woman and a former slave from Mobile, Alabama, recorded her recipes in a cookbook called What Mrs. Fisher Knows About Old Southern Cooking, Soups, Pickles, Preserves, Etc. Abby Fisher lived and worked in San Francisco as a cook and caterer in the late 1870s. She has a recipe for Silver Cake, which sounds like an Angel Cake:Silver cake - The whites of one dozen eggs beaten very light, one pound of butter, one pound of powdered sugar; rub the butter and sugar together until creamed very light, then add the beaten whites of the eggs, and beat all together until very light; two teaspoonfuls of the best yeast powder sifted with one pound of flour, then add the flour to the eggs, sugar and butter, also add one-half teacupful of sweet milk; mix quickly, and beat till very light; flavor with two teaspoonfuls of the extract of almond or peach, put in when you beat the cake the last time. Put to bake in any shape pan you like, but grease the pan well before you put the cake batter in it. Have the stove moderately hot, so as the cake will bake gradually, and arrange the damper of stove so as send heat to the bottom of the cake first. This instruction of baking applies to all cakes except tea cakes. 1883 - Angel Cake was one of the favorite dessert of Lucy Webb Hayes, wife of Rutherford B. Hayes (1822-1893), nineteenth President of the United States. Cookbook authors, Poppy Cannon and Patricia Brooks, wrote the following on the history of Angel Cake in their cookbook, The Presidents' Cookbook - Practical Recipes from George Washington to the Present:Considering the character of gentle, sweet-tempered Lucy Hayes, it seems fitting that Angel Cake should be one of her favorite desserts. The origins of Angel Cake, sometimes called angel-food cake, are mysterious, all the more so since they seem to derive from the mysterious East. The story goes, according to a cookbook published in 1883, that a family who lived along the Atlantic Coast moved to a quiet place along the Hudson River and opened a boarding house. A friends presented one of the ladies of the family, who was remarkable skilled as a cake-baker, a valuable "receipt" that had come to her from a friend in India. Sometime later, the family left their picturesque boarding house along the Hudson and returned to their original coastal home. There, the cake-baker of the family opened a bakery of sorts, specializing in various cakes, including the mysterious cake from the East. This special cake was produced under unusual circumstances: only one was baked at a time, behind closed doors and in the greatest secrecy. But like most secrets of the kitchen, it eventually was found out, improved upon, and perfected. 1884 - The original Boston Cooking School Cook Book, by Mrs.D.A. Lincoln had a recipe for Angel Cake. There was also recipes for Cornstarch Cake and Snow Cake which are similar.Angel Cake - One cup of flour, measured after one sifting, and then mixed with one teaspoonful of cream of tartar and sifted four times. Beat the whites of eleven eggs, with a wire beater or perforated spoon, until stiff and flaky. Add one cup and a half of fine granulated sugar, and beat again; add one teaspoon of vanilla or almond, then mix in flour quickly and lightly. Line the bottom and funnel of a cake pan with paper not greased, pour in the mixture, and bake about forty minutes. When done, loosen the cake around the edge, and turn out at once. Some persons have been more successful with this cake by mixing the sugar with the flour and cream of tartar, and adding all at once to the beaten egg.In Fannie Merritt Farmer's 1896 updated version of the Boston Cooking School Cook Book, she uses the same recipe and calls the cake "Angel Food Cake."  SOURCES:Boston Cooking School Cook Book: A Reprint of the 1884 Classic, by Mrs. D. A. Lincoln, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1996 Reprint.Canada Science and Technology Museum, an internet web site.The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book, by Fannie Merritt Farmer, 7th Edition, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1943.The Original Fannie Farmer 1896 Cook Book, The Boston Cooking School, A facsimile of the first edition originally published in 1896, Ottenheimer Publishers, Inc., 1996.Mrs. Porter's New Southern Cookery Book, and Companion for Frugal and Economical, by M. E. Porter, Porter (Paperback - December 2001 - Reprint)The Presidents' Cookbook - Practical Recipes from George Washington to the Present, by Poppy Cannon and Patricia Brooks, Funk and Wagnalls, 1968.What Mrs. Fisher Knows About Old Southern Cooking, Soups, Pickles, Preserves, Etc., by Mrs. Abbey Fisher, Applewood Books, 1995 " /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2015-05-09 21:08:46" /></span><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm wide-ad"></div><div class="swp-content-locator"></div> <div id="sky-categories"> <p><strong>Categories:</strong></p> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/cake/" title="View all posts in Cake">Cake</a>    <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/food-history/cakes-history/" title="View all posts in Cakes History">Cakes History</a>    <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/food-history/" title="View all posts in Food History">Food History</a>    <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/category/desserts/cake/historical-cakes/" title="View all posts in Historical Cakes">Historical Cakes</a>    </div> <h3 id="comments-section">Comments and Reviews</h3> </div> <footer> </footer> <section id="comments"> <h3>2 Responses to “Angel Food Cake History”</h3> <ol class="media-list"> <li id="comment-285431" class="comment even thread-even depth-1 media comment-285431"> <div class="media-body"> <h4 class="media-heading"><a href="https://getclipdish.com" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Joe Cotellese</a></h4> <time datetime="2021-04-16T12:25:15+00:00">April 16, 2021</time> <p>Thanks for the piece. I haven’t been able to find any reference to African slaves originating Angel Food Cake. Can you point me to your source.</p> <p>Everything I’ve found is a variation on your quote with no real attribution.</p> <a rel='nofollow' class='comment-reply-link' href='#comment-285431' data-commentid="285431" data-postid="134955" data-belowelement="comment-285431" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to Joe Cotellese" aria-label='Reply to Joe Cotellese'>Reply</a> <ul class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1 media list-unstyled comment-285431"> <li id="comment-286867" class="comment byuser comment-author-nancy even depth-2 media comment-286867"> <div class="media-body"> <h4 class="media-heading"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net" class="url" rel="ugc">Nancy</a></h4> <time datetime="2021-04-30T02:53:01+00:00">April 30, 2021</time> <p>Sometimes you have to hit the library, all the sources that were used to write this history are noted at the bottom of the web page. I have copied and pasted them here for you.</p> <p>SOURCES:</p> <p>Boston Cooking School Cook Book: A Reprint of the 1884 Classic, by Mrs. D. A. Lincoln, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1996 Reprint.</p> <p>Canada Science and Technology Museum, an internet web site.</p> <p>The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book, by Fannie Merritt Farmer, 7th Edition, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1943.</p> <p>The Original Fannie Farmer 1896 Cook Book, The Boston Cooking School, A facsimile of the first edition originally published in 1896, Ottenheimer Publishers, Inc., 1996.</p> <p>Mrs. Porter’s New Southern Cookery Book, and Companion for Frugal and Economical, by M. E. Porter, Porter (Paperback – December 2001 – Reprint)</p> <p>The Presidents’ Cookbook – Practical Recipes from George Washington to the Present, by Poppy Cannon and Patricia Brooks, Funk and Wagnalls, 1968.</p> <p>What Mrs. Fisher Knows About Old Southern Cooking, Soups, Pickles, Preserves, Etc., by Mrs. Abbey Fisher, Applewood Books, 1995 Reprint.</p> <a rel='nofollow' class='comment-reply-link' href='#comment-286867' data-commentid="286867" data-postid="134955" data-belowelement="comment-286867" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to Nancy" aria-label='Reply to Nancy'>Reply</a> </div></li> </ul></div></li> </ol> </section> <section id="respond"> <h3>Leave a Reply</h3> <p class="cancel-comment-reply"><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/history/cakes/angelfoodcake.htm#respond" style="display:none;">Click here to cancel reply.</a></p> <form action="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="author">Name (required)</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="author" id="author" value="" size="22" aria-required="true"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="email">Email (will not be published) (required)</label> <input type="email" class="form-control" name="email" id="email" value="" size="22" aria-required="true"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="url">Website</label> <input type="url" class="form-control" name="url" id="url" value="" size="22"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="comment">Comment</label> <textarea name="comment" id="comment" class="form-control" rows="5" aria-required="true"></textarea> </div> <p><input name="submit" class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" id="submit" value="Submit Comment"></p> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='134955' id='comment_post_ID' /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' /> <p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="akismet_comment_nonce" name="akismet_comment_nonce" value="f0810f0ee7" /></p><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="77"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p> </form> </section> </article> <script> /* $(document).ready(function(){ $('.body').scrollspy({ target: '#recipeMenu', offset: 5}); $('#recipeMenu').affix(); $("#recipeMenu").on('affixed.bs.affix', function(){ var containerWidth = $(".main").width(); $(this).width(containerWidth); }); }); */ </script> </main> <aside class="sidebar" role="complementary"> <section class="widget text-14 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"><h3>Sign Up for our Newsletter</h3> <div class="textwidget"><p></p> <style type="text/css"> #mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; }<br /> /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block.<br /> We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */<br /></style> <div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" action="//whatscookingamerica.us10.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=345d61366c196c3d15e1fec3c&id=0e3f9910d5" method="post" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" novalidate="" target="_blank"> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address <span class="asterisk">*</span><br /> </label><br /> <input id="mce-EMAIL" class="required email" name="EMAIL" type="email" value="" /></div> <div id="mce-responses" class="clear"></div> <p></p> <div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;"><input tabindex="-1" name="b_345d61366c196c3d15e1fec3c_0e3f9910d5" type="text" value="" /></div> <div class="clear"><input id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button" name="subscribe" type="submit" value="Subscribe" /></div> </div> </form> </div> <p><script type='text/javascript' src='/wp-content/themes/whatscooking/assets/js/mc-validate.js' defer='defer'></script><script type='text/javascript'>(function($) {window.fnames = new Array(); window.ftypes = new Array();fnames[0]='EMAIL';ftypes[0]='email';fnames[1]='FNAME';ftypes[1]='text';fnames[2]='LNAME';ftypes[2]='text';}(jQuery));var $mcj = jQuery.noConflict(true);</script><br /> </p> </div> </section><section class="widget text-31 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section><section class="widget seasonalrecipes_widget-2 widget_seasonalrecipes_widget col-sm-6 col-md-12"><h3>Seasonal Recipes</h3><ul class="seasonal clearfix"> <li class="seasonal-list"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/pork/pulled-pork-breakfastcasserole.htm" class="img-link"> <img width="98" height="98" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="img-responsive wp-post-image lazy" alt="Slow Cooker Pulled Pork Breakfast Casserole" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Pulled-Pork-Break-Cass-SQ.jpg" /> </a> </div> <a class="title-link" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/pork/pulled-pork-breakfastcasserole.htm"><span>Slow Cooker Pulled Pork Breakfast Casserole Recipe</span></a> </li> <li class="seasonal-list"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/salad/kaleharvestsalad.htm" class="img-link"> <img width="158" height="98" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="img-responsive wp-post-image lazy" alt="Kale Harvest Salad" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Kale-Harvest-Salad-Feature-158x98.jpg" /> </a> </div> <a class="title-link" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/salad/kaleharvestsalad.htm"><span>Kale Harvest Salad Recipe</span></a> </li> </ul></section><section class="widget text-8 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section><section class="widget newestrecipes_widget-2 widget_newestrecipes_widget col-sm-6 col-md-12"><h3>Newest Recipes</h3><ul class="newest clearfix"> <li class="recipe-list"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/arrabbiata-sauce-recipe/" class="img-link"> <img width="420" height="317" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="img-responsive wp-post-image lazy" alt="A sizzling pot of tomatoes used in making the arrabbiata sauce." decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/MarinaraSauce-Pancetta25.jpg" /> </a> </div> <a class="title-link" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/arrabbiata-sauce-recipe/"><span>Arrabbiata Sauce Recipe</span></a> </li> <li class="recipe-list"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/ellen-easton/afternoon-tea-lowell-hotel-new-york-city.htm" class="img-link"> <img width="590" height="299" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="img-responsive wp-post-image lazy" alt="Afternoon tea at the Lowell Hotel" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Lowell-Hotel-feature.jpg" data-srcset="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Lowell-Hotel-feature.jpg 590w, https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Lowell-Hotel-feature-300x152.jpg 300w, https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Lowell-Hotel-feature-400x203.jpg 400w" data-sizes="(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px" /> </a> </div> <a class="title-link" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/ellen-easton/afternoon-tea-lowell-hotel-new-york-city.htm"><span>The Lowell Hotel-Pembroke Room’s Afternoon Tea</span></a> </li> </ul></section><section class="widget mostviewedrecipes_widget-2 widget_mostviewedrecipes_widget col-sm-6 col-md-12"><h3>Most Viewed Recipes</h3><ul class="most-viewed clearfix"> <li class="recipe-list"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/beef/classicprimerib.htm" class="img-link"> <img width="158" height="98" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="img-responsive wp-post-image lazy" alt="Perfect Prime Rib Roast" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Prime-Rib-feature-2-158x98.png" /> </a> </div> <a class="title-link" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/beef/classicprimerib.htm"><span>Perfect Prime Rib Roast Recipe – Cooking Instructions</span></a> </li> <li class="recipe-list"> <div class="image"> <a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/perfect-baked-potato.htm" class="img-link"> <img width="138" height="98" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="img-responsive wp-post-image lazy" alt="Perfect Baked Potato - No-Foil Baked Potato" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/PotatoesBaked118.jpg" /> </a> </div> <a class="title-link" href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/perfect-baked-potato.htm"><span>Perfect Baked Potato Recipe</span></a> </li> </ul></section><section class="widget text-26 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section><section class="widget text-15 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/equiv.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" class="lazy" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/WCA_Metric_72.jpg"/><noscript><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" src="/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/WCA_Metric_72.jpg" /></noscript></a></p> </div> </section><section class="widget text-25 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section><section class="widget text-30 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"><p> </p> <p><em><span style="color: green;"><span style="font-size: small;">What’s Cooking America is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products which are identified on this web site with green text.<a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/amazonassociates.png"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-234595 aligncenter lazy" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="100" height="50" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/amazonassociates.png"/><noscript><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="wp-image-234595 aligncenter" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/amazonassociates.png" alt="" width="100" height="50" /></noscript></a></span></span></em></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> </section><section class="widget text-19 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section><section class="widget text-32 widget_text col-sm-6 col-md-12"> <div class="textwidget"></div> </section> </aside> </div> </div> <footer class="content-info" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <section class="widget nav_menu-2 widget_nav_menu col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"></section><section class="widget nav_menu-3 widget_nav_menu col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"><ul id="menu-footer-bottom" class="menu"><li class="menu-whats-cooking-america-2004-2023-by-linda-stradley"><a>What’s Cooking America ©2004-2023 by Linda Stradley</a></li> <li class="menu-whats-cooking-america-privacy-policy-and-disclosures"><a href="https://whatscookingamerica.net/privacypolicy.htm">What’s Cooking America Privacy Policy and Disclosures</a></li> </ul></section> <section class="widget text-7 widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><div class="social-media-icons"><i class="fa fa-facebook-square fa-2x"></i><br /> <i class="fa fa-twitter-square fa-2x"></i><br /> <i class="fa fa-instagram fa-2x"></i><br /> <i class="fa fa-pinterest-square fa-2x"></i><br /> <i class="fa fa-youtube-square fa-2x"></i><br /> <a title="Follow us on Yummly" href="https://www.yummly.com/page/whatscookingamerica" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img decoding="async" class="yummly lazy" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt="Follow us on Yummly" loading="lazy" data-src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/yummly-40.png"/><noscript><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="yummly" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/yummly-40.png" alt="Follow us on Yummly" /></noscript></a></div> </div> </section><section class="widget text-17 widget_text"><h3>Sign Up for our Newsletter</h3> <div class="textwidget"><p></p> <style type="text/css"> #mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; }<br /> /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block.<br /> We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */<br /> </style> <div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" action="//whatscookingamerica.us10.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=345d61366c196c3d15e1fec3c&id=0e3f9910d5" method="post" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" novalidate="" target="_blank"> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address <span class="asterisk">*</span><br /> </label><br /> <input id="mce-EMAIL" class="required email" name="EMAIL" type="email" value="" /></div> <div id="mce-responses" class="clear"></div> <p></p> <div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;"><input tabindex="-1" name="b_345d61366c196c3d15e1fec3c_0e3f9910d5" type="text" value="" /></div> <div class="clear"><input id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button" name="subscribe" type="submit" value="Subscribe" /></div> </div> </form> </div> <p><script type='text/javascript' src='/wp-content/themes/whatscooking/assets/js/mc-validate.js'></script><script type='text/javascript'>(function($) {window.fnames = new Array(); window.ftypes = new Array();fnames[0]='EMAIL';ftypes[0]='email';fnames[1]='FNAME';ftypes[1]='text';fnames[2]='LNAME';ftypes[2]='text';}(jQuery));var $mcj = jQuery.noConflict(true);</script><br /> </p> </div> </section> </div> </footer> <div class="wrap container adspace for-footer"> </div> <a id="scroll-to-top" href="#" title="Scroll to Top">Top</a> <script>jQuery(function() { jQuery("div.wprm-recipe:first").parent().attr("id",'zlrecipe-ingredients'); jQuery('.wprm-recipe-instruction-text p').attr('style', function(i, style){ return style && style.replace(/padding-left[^;]+;?/g, ''); }); jQuery.fn.removeInlineCss = (function(){ var rootStyle = document.documentElement.style; var remover = rootStyle.removeProperty // modern browser || rootStyle.removeAttribute // old browser (ie 6-8) return function removeInlineCss(properties){ if(properties == null) return this.removeAttr('style'); proporties = properties.split(/\s+/); return this.each(function(){ for(var i = 0 ; i < proporties.length ; i++) remover.call(this.style, proporties[i]); }); }; })(); jQuery(".wprm-recipe-instruction-text p").removeInlineCss("font-family font-size font-weight margin line-height color"); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.avantlink.com/ale/ale.php?ti=13141"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> if ( 'loading' in HTMLImageElement.prototype ) { ( function() { var lazyElements = [].slice.call( document.querySelectorAll( '.lazy' ) ); lazyElements.forEach( function( element ) { if ( ! element.dataset.src ) { return; } element.src = element.dataset.src; if ( element.dataset.srcset ) { element.srcset = element.dataset.srcset; } if ( element.dataset.sizes ) { element.sizes = element.dataset.sizes; } } ); } )(); } else { ( function() { var script = document.createElement( 'script' ); script.type = 'text/javascript'; script.src = 'https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/js/lazyload.js'; script.defer = true; document.body.appendChild( script ); } )(); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js" id="comment-reply-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/themes/whatscooking/assets/js/scripts.min.js" id="roots_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/jquery-smooth-scroll/js/script.min.js" id="jquery-smooth-scroll-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="page-scroll-to-id-plugin-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mPS2id_params = {"instances":{"mPS2id_instance_0":{"selector":"a[href*='#']","autoSelectorMenuLinks":"false","excludeSelector":"a[href^='#tab-'], a[href^='#tabs-'], a[data-toggle]:not([data-toggle='tooltip']), a[data-slide], a[data-vc-tabs], a[data-vc-accordion]","scrollSpeed":500,"autoScrollSpeed":"true","scrollEasing":"easeInExpo","scrollingEasing":"linear","forceScrollEasing":"false","pageEndSmoothScroll":"false","stopScrollOnUserAction":"false","autoCorrectScroll":"false","autoCorrectScrollExtend":"false","layout":"vertical","offset":"125","dummyOffset":"false","highlightSelector":"","clickedClass":"mPS2id-clicked","targetClass":"mPS2id-target","highlightClass":"mPS2id-highlight","forceSingleHighlight":"false","keepHighlightUntilNext":"false","highlightByNextTarget":"false","appendHash":"false","scrollToHash":"true","scrollToHashForAll":"false","scrollToHashDelay":0,"scrollToHashUseElementData":"true","scrollToHashRemoveUrlHash":"false","disablePluginBelow":0,"adminDisplayWidgetsId":"true","adminTinyMCEbuttons":"true","unbindUnrelatedClickEvents":"false","unbindUnrelatedClickEventsSelector":"","normalizeAnchorPointTargets":"false","encodeLinks":"false"}},"total_instances":"1","shortcode_class":"_ps2id"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/page-scroll-to-id/js/page-scroll-to-id.min.js" id="page-scroll-to-id-plugin-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="social_warfare_script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var socialWarfare = {"addons":["pro"],"post_id":"134955","variables":{"emphasizeIcons":"0","powered_by_toggle":false,"affiliate_link":"https:\/\/warfareplugins.com"},"floatBeforeContent":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/js/script.min.js" id="social_warfare_script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="q2w3_fixed_widget-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var q2w3_sidebar_options = [{"sidebar":"sidebar-primary","use_sticky_position":true,"margin_top":10,"margin_bottom":30,"stop_elements_selectors":"","screen_max_width":768,"screen_max_height":0,"widgets":["#text-19","#text-32"]}]; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/q2w3-fixed-widget/js/frontend.min.js" id="q2w3_fixed_widget-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js" id="akismet-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">paginateVal = 0;</script><script type="text/javascript"> var swp_nonce = "72e8de7560";var swpFloatBeforeContent = false; var swp_ajax_url = "https://whatscookingamerica.net/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"; var swp_post_id = "134955";var swpClickTracking = false; swpPinIt={"enabled":false};</script><script> function b2a(a){var b,c=0,l=0,f="",g=[];if(!a)return a;do{var e=a.charCodeAt(c++);var h=a.charCodeAt(c++);var k=a.charCodeAt(c++);var d=e<<16|h<<8|k;e=63&d>>18;h=63&d>>12;k=63&d>>6;d&=63;g[l++]="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=".charAt(e)+"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=".charAt(h)+"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=".charAt(k)+"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=".charAt(d)}while(c< a.length);return f=g.join(""),b=a.length%3,(b?f.slice(0,b-3):f)+"===".slice(b||3)}function a2b(a){var b,c,l,f={},g=0,e=0,h="",k=String.fromCharCode,d=a.length;for(b=0;64>b;b++)f["ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".charAt(b)]=b;for(c=0;d>c;c++)for(b=f[a.charAt(c)],g=(g<<6)+b,e+=6;8<=e;)((l=255&g>>>(e-=8))||d-2>c)&&(h+=k(l));return h}b64e=function(a){return btoa(encodeURIComponent(a).replace(/%([0-9A-F]{2})/g,function(b,a){return String.fromCharCode("0x"+a)}))}; b64d=function(a){return decodeURIComponent(atob(a).split("").map(function(a){return"%"+("00"+a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-2)}).join(""))}; /* <![CDATA[ */ ai_front = {"insertion_before":"BEFORE","insertion_after":"AFTER","insertion_prepend":"PREPEND CONTENT","insertion_append":"APPEND CONTENT","insertion_replace_content":"REPLACE CONTENT","insertion_replace_element":"REPLACE ELEMENT","visible":"VISIBLE","hidden":"HIDDEN","fallback":"FALLBACK","automatically_placed":"Automatically placed by AdSense Auto ads code","cancel":"Cancel","use":"Use","add":"Add","parent":"Parent","cancel_element_selection":"Cancel element selection","select_parent_element":"Select parent element","css_selector":"CSS selector","use_current_selector":"Use current selector","element":"ELEMENT","path":"PATH","selector":"SELECTOR"}; /* ]]> */ var ai_cookie_js=!0,ai_block_class_def="code-block"; /* JavaScript Cookie v2.2.0 https://github.com/js-cookie/js-cookie Copyright 2006, 2015 Klaus Hartl & Fagner Brack Released under the MIT license */ "undefined"!==typeof ai_cookie_js&&(function(a){if("function"===typeof define&&define.amd){define(a);var c=!0}"object"===typeof exports&&(module.exports=a(),c=!0);if(!c){var d=window.Cookies,b=window.Cookies=a();b.noConflict=function(){window.Cookies=d;return b}}}(function(){function a(){for(var d=0,b={};d<arguments.length;d++){var f=arguments[d],e;for(e in f)b[e]=f[e]}return b}function c(d){function b(){}function f(h,k,g){if("undefined"!==typeof document){g=a({path:"/",sameSite:"Lax"},b.defaults, g);"number"===typeof g.expires&&(g.expires=new Date(1*new Date+864E5*g.expires));g.expires=g.expires?g.expires.toUTCString():"";try{var l=JSON.stringify(k);/^[\{\[]/.test(l)&&(k=l)}catch(p){}k=d.write?d.write(k,h):encodeURIComponent(String(k)).replace(/%(23|24|26|2B|3A|3C|3E|3D|2F|3F|40|5B|5D|5E|60|7B|7D|7C)/g,decodeURIComponent);h=encodeURIComponent(String(h)).replace(/%(23|24|26|2B|5E|60|7C)/g,decodeURIComponent).replace(/[]/g,escape);l="";for(var n in g)g[n]&&(l+="; "+n,!0!==g[n]&&(l+="="+ g[n].split(";")[0]));return document.cookie=h+"="+k+l}}function e(h,k){if("undefined"!==typeof document){for(var g={},l=document.cookie?document.cookie.split("; "):[],n=0;n<l.length;n++){var p=l[n].split("="),m=p.slice(1).join("=");k||'"'!==m.charAt(0)||(m=m.slice(1,-1));try{var q=p[0].replace(/(%[0-9A-Z]{2})+/g,decodeURIComponent);m=(d.read||d)(m,q)||m.replace(/(%[0-9A-Z]{2})+/g,decodeURIComponent);if(k)try{m=JSON.parse(m)}catch(r){}g[q]=m;if(h===q)break}catch(r){}}return h?g[h]:g}}b.set=f;b.get= function(h){return e(h,!1)};b.getJSON=function(h){return e(h,!0)};b.remove=function(h,k){f(h,"",a(k,{expires:-1}))};b.defaults={};b.withConverter=c;return b}return c(function(){})}),AiCookies=Cookies.noConflict(),ai_check_block=function(a){if(null==a)return!0;var c=AiCookies.getJSON("aiBLOCKS");ai_debug_cookie_status="";null==c&&(c={});"undefined"!==typeof ai_delay_showing_pageviews&&(c.hasOwnProperty(a)||(c[a]={}),c[a].hasOwnProperty("d")||(c[a].d=ai_delay_showing_pageviews));if(c.hasOwnProperty(a)){for(var d in c[a]){if("x"== d){var b="",f=document.querySelectorAll('span[data-ai-block="'+a+'"]')[0];"aiHash"in f.dataset&&(b=f.dataset.aiHash);f="";c[a].hasOwnProperty("h")&&(f=c[a].h);var e=new Date;e=c[a][d]-Math.round(e.getTime()/1E3);if(0<e&&f==b)return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="closed for "+e+" s = "+Math.round(1E4*e/3600/24)/1E4+" days",!1;ai_set_cookie(a,"x","");c[a].hasOwnProperty("i")||c[a].hasOwnProperty("c")||ai_set_cookie(a,"h","")}else if("d"==d){if(0!=c[a][d])return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="delayed for "+c[a][d]+ " pageviews",!1}else if("i"==d){b="";f=document.querySelectorAll('span[data-ai-block="'+a+'"]')[0];"aiHash"in f.dataset&&(b=f.dataset.aiHash);f="";c[a].hasOwnProperty("h")&&(f=c[a].h);if(0==c[a][d]&&f==b)return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max impressions reached",!1;if(0>c[a][d]&&f==b){e=new Date;e=-c[a][d]-Math.round(e.getTime()/1E3);if(0<e)return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max imp. reached ("+Math.round(1E4*e/24/3600)/1E4+" days = "+e+" s)",!1;ai_set_cookie(a,"i","");c[a].hasOwnProperty("c")||c[a].hasOwnProperty("x")|| ai_set_cookie(a,"h","")}}if("ipt"==d&&0==c[a][d]&&(e=new Date,b=Math.round(e.getTime()/1E3),e=c[a].it-b,0<e))return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max imp. per time reached ("+Math.round(1E4*e/24/3600)/1E4+" days = "+e+" s)",!1;if("c"==d){b="";f=document.querySelectorAll('span[data-ai-block="'+a+'"]')[0];"aiHash"in f.dataset&&(b=f.dataset.aiHash);f="";c[a].hasOwnProperty("h")&&(f=c[a].h);if(0==c[a][d]&&f==b)return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max clicks reached",!1;if(0>c[a][d]&&f==b){e=new Date;e=-c[a][d]- Math.round(e.getTime()/1E3);if(0<e)return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max clicks reached ("+Math.round(1E4*e/24/3600)/1E4+" days = "+e+" s)",!1;ai_set_cookie(a,"c","");c[a].hasOwnProperty("i")||c[a].hasOwnProperty("x")||ai_set_cookie(a,"h","")}}if("cpt"==d&&0==c[a][d]&&(e=new Date,b=Math.round(e.getTime()/1E3),e=c[a].ct-b,0<e))return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max clicks per time reached ("+Math.round(1E4*e/24/3600)/1E4+" days = "+e+" s)",!1}if(c.hasOwnProperty("G")&&c.G.hasOwnProperty("cpt")&&0==c.G.cpt&& (e=new Date,b=Math.round(e.getTime()/1E3),e=c.G.ct-b,0<e))return ai_debug_cookie_status=a="max global clicks per time reached ("+Math.round(1E4*e/24/3600)/1E4+" days = "+e+" s)",!1}ai_debug_cookie_status="OK";return!0},ai_check_and_insert_block=function(a,c){if(null==a)return!0;var d=document.getElementsByClassName(c);if(d.length){d=d[0];var b=d.closest("."+ai_block_class_def),f=ai_check_block(a);!f&&0!=parseInt(d.getAttribute("limits-fallback"))&&d.hasAttribute("data-fallback-code")&&(d.setAttribute("data-code", d.getAttribute("data-fallback-code")),null!=b&&b.hasAttribute("data-ai")&&d.hasAttribute("fallback-tracking")&&d.hasAttribute("fallback_level")&&b.setAttribute("data-ai-"+d.getAttribute("fallback_level"),d.getAttribute("fallback-tracking")),f=!0);d.removeAttribute("data-selector");if(f)ai_insert_code(d),b&&(f=b.querySelectorAll(".ai-debug-block"),f.length&&(b.classList.remove("ai-list-block"),b.classList.remove("ai-list-block-ip"),b.classList.remove("ai-list-block-filter"),b.style.visibility="",b.classList.contains("ai-remove-position")&& (b.style.position="")));else{f=d.closest("div[data-ai]");if(null!=f&&"undefined"!=typeof f.getAttribute("data-ai")){var e=JSON.parse(b64d(f.getAttribute("data-ai")));"undefined"!==typeof e&&e.constructor===Array&&(e[1]="",f.setAttribute("data-ai",b64e(JSON.stringify(e))))}b&&(f=b.querySelectorAll(".ai-debug-block"),f.length&&(b.classList.remove("ai-list-block"),b.classList.remove("ai-list-block-ip"),b.classList.remove("ai-list-block-filter"),b.style.visibility="",b.classList.contains("ai-remove-position")&& (b.style.position="")))}d.classList.remove(c)}d=document.querySelectorAll("."+c+"-dbg");b=0;for(f=d.length;b<f;b++)e=d[b],e.querySelector(".ai-status").textContent=ai_debug_cookie_status,e.querySelector(".ai-cookie-data").textContent=ai_get_cookie_text(a),e.classList.remove(c+"-dbg")},ai_load_cookie=function(){var a=AiCookies.getJSON("aiBLOCKS");null==a&&(a={});return a},ai_set_cookie=function(a,c,d){var b=ai_load_cookie();if(""===d){if(b.hasOwnProperty(a)){delete b[a][c];a:{c=b[a];for(f in c)if(c.hasOwnProperty(f)){var f= !1;break a}f=!0}f&&delete b[a]}}else b.hasOwnProperty(a)||(b[a]={}),b[a][c]=d;0===Object.keys(b).length&&b.constructor===Object?AiCookies.remove("aiBLOCKS"):AiCookies.set("aiBLOCKS",b,{expires:365,path:"/"});return b},ai_get_cookie_text=function(a){var c=AiCookies.getJSON("aiBLOCKS");null==c&&(c={});var d="";c.hasOwnProperty("G")&&(d="G["+JSON.stringify(c.G).replace(/"/g,"").replace("{","").replace("}","")+"] ");var b="";c.hasOwnProperty(a)&&(b=JSON.stringify(c[a]).replace(/"/g,"").replace("{","").replace("}", ""));return d+b}); var ai_insertion_js=!0,ai_block_class_def="code-block"; if("undefined"!=typeof ai_insertion_js){ai_insert=function(a,h,l){if(-1!=h.indexOf(":eq("))if(window.jQuery&&window.jQuery.fn)var n=jQuery(h);else{console.error("AI INSERT USING jQuery QUERIES:",h,"- jQuery not found");return}else n=document.querySelectorAll(h);for(var u=0,y=n.length;u<y;u++){var d=n[u];selector_string=d.hasAttribute("id")?"#"+d.getAttribute("id"):d.hasAttribute("class")?"."+d.getAttribute("class").replace(RegExp(" ","g"),"."):"";var w=document.createElement("div");w.innerHTML=l; var m=w.getElementsByClassName("ai-selector-counter")[0];null!=m&&(m.innerText=u+1);m=w.getElementsByClassName("ai-debug-name ai-main")[0];if(null!=m){var r=a.toUpperCase();"undefined"!=typeof ai_front&&("before"==a?r=ai_front.insertion_before:"after"==a?r=ai_front.insertion_after:"prepend"==a?r=ai_front.insertion_prepend:"append"==a?r=ai_front.insertion_append:"replace-content"==a?r=ai_front.insertion_replace_content:"replace-element"==a&&(r=ai_front.insertion_replace_element));-1==selector_string.indexOf(".ai-viewports")&& (m.innerText=r+" "+h+" ("+d.tagName.toLowerCase()+selector_string+")")}m=document.createRange();try{var v=m.createContextualFragment(w.innerHTML)}catch(t){}"before"==a?d.parentNode.insertBefore(v,d):"after"==a?d.parentNode.insertBefore(v,d.nextSibling):"prepend"==a?d.insertBefore(v,d.firstChild):"append"==a?d.insertBefore(v,null):"replace-content"==a?(d.innerHTML="",d.insertBefore(v,null)):"replace-element"==a&&(d.parentNode.insertBefore(v,d),d.parentNode.removeChild(d));z()}};ai_insert_code=function(a){function h(m, r){return null==m?!1:m.classList?m.classList.contains(r):-1<(" "+m.className+" ").indexOf(" "+r+" ")}function l(m,r){null!=m&&(m.classList?m.classList.add(r):m.className+=" "+r)}function n(m,r){null!=m&&(m.classList?m.classList.remove(r):m.className=m.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\b)"+r.split(" ").join("|")+"(\\b|$)","gi")," "))}if("undefined"!=typeof a){var u=!1;if(h(a,"no-visibility-check")||a.offsetWidth||a.offsetHeight||a.getClientRects().length){u=a.getAttribute("data-code");var y=a.getAttribute("data-insertion-position"), d=a.getAttribute("data-selector");if(null!=u)if(null!=y&&null!=d){if(-1!=d.indexOf(":eq(")?window.jQuery&&window.jQuery.fn&&jQuery(d).length:document.querySelectorAll(d).length)ai_insert(y,d,b64d(u)),n(a,"ai-viewports")}else{y=document.createRange();try{var w=y.createContextualFragment(b64d(u))}catch(m){}a.parentNode.insertBefore(w,a.nextSibling);n(a,"ai-viewports")}u=!0}else w=a.previousElementSibling,h(w,"ai-debug-bar")&&h(w,"ai-debug-script")&&(n(w,"ai-debug-script"),l(w,"ai-debug-viewport-invisible")), n(a,"ai-viewports");return u}};ai_insert_list_code=function(a){var h=document.getElementsByClassName(a)[0];if("undefined"!=typeof h){var l=ai_insert_code(h),n=h.closest("div."+ai_block_class_def);if(n){l||n.removeAttribute("data-ai");var u=n.querySelectorAll(".ai-debug-block");n&&u.length&&(n.classList.remove("ai-list-block"),n.classList.remove("ai-list-block-ip"),n.classList.remove("ai-list-block-filter"),n.style.visibility="",n.classList.contains("ai-remove-position")&&(n.style.position=""))}h.classList.remove(a); l&&z()}};ai_insert_viewport_code=function(a){var h=document.getElementsByClassName(a)[0];if("undefined"!=typeof h){var l=ai_insert_code(h);h.classList.remove(a);l&&(a=h.closest("div."+ai_block_class_def),null!=a&&(l=h.getAttribute("style"),null!=l&&a.setAttribute("style",a.getAttribute("style")+" "+l)));setTimeout(function(){h.removeAttribute("style")},2);z()}};ai_insert_adsense_fallback_codes=function(a){a.style.display="none";var h=a.closest(".ai-fallback-adsense"),l=h.nextElementSibling;l.getAttribute("data-code")? ai_insert_code(l)&&z():l.style.display="block";h.classList.contains("ai-empty-code")&&null!=a.closest("."+ai_block_class_def)&&(a=a.closest("."+ai_block_class_def).getElementsByClassName("code-block-label"),0!=a.length&&(a[0].style.display="none"))};ai_insert_code_by_class=function(a){var h=document.getElementsByClassName(a)[0];"undefined"!=typeof h&&(ai_insert_code(h),h.classList.remove(a))};ai_insert_client_code=function(a,h){var l=document.getElementsByClassName(a)[0];if("undefined"!=typeof l){var n= l.getAttribute("data-code");null!=n&&ai_check_block()&&(l.setAttribute("data-code",n.substring(Math.floor(h/19))),ai_insert_code_by_class(a),l.remove())}};ai_process_elements_active=!1;function z(){ai_process_elements_active||setTimeout(function(){ai_process_elements_active=!1;"function"==typeof ai_process_rotations&&ai_process_rotations();"function"==typeof ai_process_lists&&ai_process_lists();"function"==typeof ai_process_ip_addresses&&ai_process_ip_addresses();"function"==typeof ai_process_filter_hooks&& ai_process_filter_hooks();"function"==typeof ai_adb_process_blocks&&ai_adb_process_blocks();"function"==typeof ai_process_impressions&&1==ai_tracking_finished&&ai_process_impressions();"function"==typeof ai_install_click_trackers&&1==ai_tracking_finished&&ai_install_click_trackers();"function"==typeof ai_install_close_buttons&&ai_install_close_buttons(document);"function"==typeof ai_process_wait_for_interaction&&ai_process_wait_for_interaction();"function"==typeof ai_process_delayed_blocks&&ai_process_delayed_blocks()}, 5);ai_process_elements_active=!0}const B=document.querySelector("body");(new MutationObserver(function(a,h){for(const l of a)"attributes"===l.type&&"data-ad-status"==l.attributeName&&"unfilled"==l.target.dataset.adStatus&&l.target.closest(".ai-fallback-adsense")&&ai_insert_adsense_fallback_codes(l.target)})).observe(B,{attributes:!0,childList:!1,subtree:!0});var Arrive=function(a,h,l){function n(t,c,e){d.addMethod(c,e,t.unbindEvent);d.addMethod(c,e,t.unbindEventWithSelectorOrCallback);d.addMethod(c, e,t.unbindEventWithSelectorAndCallback)}function u(t){t.arrive=r.bindEvent;n(r,t,"unbindArrive");t.leave=v.bindEvent;n(v,t,"unbindLeave")}if(a.MutationObserver&&"undefined"!==typeof HTMLElement){var y=0,d=function(){var t=HTMLElement.prototype.matches||HTMLElement.prototype.webkitMatchesSelector||HTMLElement.prototype.mozMatchesSelector||HTMLElement.prototype.msMatchesSelector;return{matchesSelector:function(c,e){return c instanceof HTMLElement&&t.call(c,e)},addMethod:function(c,e,f){var b=c[e];c[e]= function(){if(f.length==arguments.length)return f.apply(this,arguments);if("function"==typeof b)return b.apply(this,arguments)}},callCallbacks:function(c,e){e&&e.options.onceOnly&&1==e.firedElems.length&&(c=[c[0]]);for(var f=0,b;b=c[f];f++)b&&b.callback&&b.callback.call(b.elem,b.elem);e&&e.options.onceOnly&&1==e.firedElems.length&&e.me.unbindEventWithSelectorAndCallback.call(e.target,e.selector,e.callback)},checkChildNodesRecursively:function(c,e,f,b){for(var g=0,k;k=c[g];g++)f(k,e,b)&&b.push({callback:e.callback, elem:k}),0<k.childNodes.length&&d.checkChildNodesRecursively(k.childNodes,e,f,b)},mergeArrays:function(c,e){var f={},b;for(b in c)c.hasOwnProperty(b)&&(f[b]=c[b]);for(b in e)e.hasOwnProperty(b)&&(f[b]=e[b]);return f},toElementsArray:function(c){"undefined"===typeof c||"number"===typeof c.length&&c!==a||(c=[c]);return c}}}(),w=function(){var t=function(){this._eventsBucket=[];this._beforeRemoving=this._beforeAdding=null};t.prototype.addEvent=function(c,e,f,b){c={target:c,selector:e,options:f,callback:b, firedElems:[]};this._beforeAdding&&this._beforeAdding(c);this._eventsBucket.push(c);return c};t.prototype.removeEvent=function(c){for(var e=this._eventsBucket.length-1,f;f=this._eventsBucket[e];e--)c(f)&&(this._beforeRemoving&&this._beforeRemoving(f),(f=this._eventsBucket.splice(e,1))&&f.length&&(f[0].callback=null))};t.prototype.beforeAdding=function(c){this._beforeAdding=c};t.prototype.beforeRemoving=function(c){this._beforeRemoving=c};return t}(),m=function(t,c){var e=new w,f=this,b={fireOnAttributesModification:!1}; e.beforeAdding(function(g){var k=g.target;if(k===a.document||k===a)k=document.getElementsByTagName("html")[0];var p=new MutationObserver(function(x){c.call(this,x,g)});var q=t(g.options);p.observe(k,q);g.observer=p;g.me=f});e.beforeRemoving(function(g){g.observer.disconnect()});this.bindEvent=function(g,k,p){k=d.mergeArrays(b,k);for(var q=d.toElementsArray(this),x=0;x<q.length;x++)e.addEvent(q[x],g,k,p)};this.unbindEvent=function(){var g=d.toElementsArray(this);e.removeEvent(function(k){for(var p= 0;p<g.length;p++)if(this===l||k.target===g[p])return!0;return!1})};this.unbindEventWithSelectorOrCallback=function(g){var k=d.toElementsArray(this);e.removeEvent("function"===typeof g?function(p){for(var q=0;q<k.length;q++)if((this===l||p.target===k[q])&&p.callback===g)return!0;return!1}:function(p){for(var q=0;q<k.length;q++)if((this===l||p.target===k[q])&&p.selector===g)return!0;return!1})};this.unbindEventWithSelectorAndCallback=function(g,k){var p=d.toElementsArray(this);e.removeEvent(function(q){for(var x= 0;x<p.length;x++)if((this===l||q.target===p[x])&&q.selector===g&&q.callback===k)return!0;return!1})};return this},r=new function(){function t(f,b,g){return d.matchesSelector(f,b.selector)&&(f._id===l&&(f._id=y++),-1==b.firedElems.indexOf(f._id))?(b.firedElems.push(f._id),!0):!1}var c={fireOnAttributesModification:!1,onceOnly:!1,existing:!1};r=new m(function(f){var b={attributes:!1,childList:!0,subtree:!0};f.fireOnAttributesModification&&(b.attributes=!0);return b},function(f,b){f.forEach(function(g){var k= g.addedNodes,p=g.target,q=[];null!==k&&0<k.length?d.checkChildNodesRecursively(k,b,t,q):"attributes"===g.type&&t(p,b,q)&&q.push({callback:b.callback,elem:p});d.callCallbacks(q,b)})});var e=r.bindEvent;r.bindEvent=function(f,b,g){"undefined"===typeof g?(g=b,b=c):b=d.mergeArrays(c,b);var k=d.toElementsArray(this);if(b.existing){for(var p=[],q=0;q<k.length;q++)for(var x=k[q].querySelectorAll(f),A=0;A<x.length;A++)p.push({callback:g,elem:x[A]});if(b.onceOnly&&p.length)return g.call(p[0].elem,p[0].elem); setTimeout(d.callCallbacks,1,p)}e.call(this,f,b,g)};return r},v=new function(){function t(f,b){return d.matchesSelector(f,b.selector)}var c={};v=new m(function(){return{childList:!0,subtree:!0}},function(f,b){f.forEach(function(g){g=g.removedNodes;var k=[];null!==g&&0<g.length&&d.checkChildNodesRecursively(g,b,t,k);d.callCallbacks(k,b)})});var e=v.bindEvent;v.bindEvent=function(f,b,g){"undefined"===typeof g?(g=b,b=c):b=d.mergeArrays(c,b);e.call(this,f,b,g)};return v};h&&u(h.fn);u(HTMLElement.prototype); u(NodeList.prototype);u(HTMLCollection.prototype);u(HTMLDocument.prototype);u(Window.prototype);h={};n(r,h,"unbindAllArrive");n(v,h,"unbindAllLeave");return h}}(window,"undefined"===typeof jQuery?null:jQuery,void 0)}; ;!function(a,b){a(function(){"use strict";function a(a,b){return null!=a&&null!=b&&a.toLowerCase()===b.toLowerCase()}function c(a,b){var c,d,e=a.length;if(!e||!b)return!1;for(c=b.toLowerCase(),d=0;d<e;++d)if(c===a[d].toLowerCase())return!0;return!1}function d(a){for(var b in a)i.call(a,b)&&(a[b]=new RegExp(a[b],"i"))}function e(a){return(a||"").substr(0,500)}function f(a,b){this.ua=e(a),this._cache={},this.maxPhoneWidth=b||600}var g={};g.mobileDetectRules={phones:{iPhone:"\\biPhone\\b|\\biPod\\b",BlackBerry:"BlackBerry|\\bBB10\\b|rim[0-9]+|\\b(BBA100|BBB100|BBD100|BBE100|BBF100|STH100)\\b-[0-9]+",Pixel:"; \\bPixel\\b",HTC:"HTC|HTC.*(Sensation|Evo|Vision|Explorer|6800|8100|8900|A7272|S510e|C110e|Legend|Desire|T8282)|APX515CKT|Qtek9090|APA9292KT|HD_mini|Sensation.*Z710e|PG86100|Z715e|Desire.*(A8181|HD)|ADR6200|ADR6400L|ADR6425|001HT|Inspire 4G|Android.*\\bEVO\\b|T-Mobile G1|Z520m|Android [0-9.]+; Pixel",Nexus:"Nexus One|Nexus S|Galaxy.*Nexus|Android.*Nexus.*Mobile|Nexus 4|Nexus 5|Nexus 5X|Nexus 6",Dell:"Dell[;]? (Streak|Aero|Venue|Venue Pro|Flash|Smoke|Mini 3iX)|XCD28|XCD35|\\b001DL\\b|\\b101DL\\b|\\bGS01\\b",Motorola:"Motorola|DROIDX|DROID BIONIC|\\bDroid\\b.*Build|Android.*Xoom|HRI39|MOT-|A1260|A1680|A555|A853|A855|A953|A955|A956|Motorola.*ELECTRIFY|Motorola.*i1|i867|i940|MB200|MB300|MB501|MB502|MB508|MB511|MB520|MB525|MB526|MB611|MB612|MB632|MB810|MB855|MB860|MB861|MB865|MB870|ME501|ME502|ME511|ME525|ME600|ME632|ME722|ME811|ME860|ME863|ME865|MT620|MT710|MT716|MT720|MT810|MT870|MT917|Motorola.*TITANIUM|WX435|WX445|XT300|XT301|XT311|XT316|XT317|XT319|XT320|XT390|XT502|XT530|XT531|XT532|XT535|XT603|XT610|XT611|XT615|XT681|XT701|XT702|XT711|XT720|XT800|XT806|XT860|XT862|XT875|XT882|XT883|XT894|XT901|XT907|XT909|XT910|XT912|XT928|XT926|XT915|XT919|XT925|XT1021|\\bMoto E\\b|XT1068|XT1092|XT1052",Samsung:"\\bSamsung\\b|SM-G950F|SM-G955F|SM-G9250|GT-19300|SGH-I337|BGT-S5230|GT-B2100|GT-B2700|GT-B2710|GT-B3210|GT-B3310|GT-B3410|GT-B3730|GT-B3740|GT-B5510|GT-B5512|GT-B5722|GT-B6520|GT-B7300|GT-B7320|GT-B7330|GT-B7350|GT-B7510|GT-B7722|GT-B7800|GT-C3010|GT-C3011|GT-C3060|GT-C3200|GT-C3212|GT-C3212I|GT-C3262|GT-C3222|GT-C3300|GT-C3300K|GT-C3303|GT-C3303K|GT-C3310|GT-C3322|GT-C3330|GT-C3350|GT-C3500|GT-C3510|GT-C3530|GT-C3630|GT-C3780|GT-C5010|GT-C5212|GT-C6620|GT-C6625|GT-C6712|GT-E1050|GT-E1070|GT-E1075|GT-E1080|GT-E1081|GT-E1085|GT-E1087|GT-E1100|GT-E1107|GT-E1110|GT-E1120|GT-E1125|GT-E1130|GT-E1160|GT-E1170|GT-E1175|GT-E1180|GT-E1182|GT-E1200|GT-E1210|GT-E1225|GT-E1230|GT-E1390|GT-E2100|GT-E2120|GT-E2121|GT-E2152|GT-E2220|GT-E2222|GT-E2230|GT-E2232|GT-E2250|GT-E2370|GT-E2550|GT-E2652|GT-E3210|GT-E3213|GT-I5500|GT-I5503|GT-I5700|GT-I5800|GT-I5801|GT-I6410|GT-I6420|GT-I7110|GT-I7410|GT-I7500|GT-I8000|GT-I8150|GT-I8160|GT-I8190|GT-I8320|GT-I8330|GT-I8350|GT-I8530|GT-I8700|GT-I8703|GT-I8910|GT-I9000|GT-I9001|GT-I9003|GT-I9010|GT-I9020|GT-I9023|GT-I9070|GT-I9082|GT-I9100|GT-I9103|GT-I9220|GT-I9250|GT-I9300|GT-I9305|GT-I9500|GT-I9505|GT-M3510|GT-M5650|GT-M7500|GT-M7600|GT-M7603|GT-M8800|GT-M8910|GT-N7000|GT-S3110|GT-S3310|GT-S3350|GT-S3353|GT-S3370|GT-S3650|GT-S3653|GT-S3770|GT-S3850|GT-S5210|GT-S5220|GT-S5229|GT-S5230|GT-S5233|GT-S5250|GT-S5253|GT-S5260|GT-S5263|GT-S5270|GT-S5300|GT-S5330|GT-S5350|GT-S5360|GT-S5363|GT-S5369|GT-S5380|GT-S5380D|GT-S5560|GT-S5570|GT-S5600|GT-S5603|GT-S5610|GT-S5620|GT-S5660|GT-S5670|GT-S5690|GT-S5750|GT-S5780|GT-S5830|GT-S5839|GT-S6102|GT-S6500|GT-S7070|GT-S7200|GT-S7220|GT-S7230|GT-S7233|GT-S7250|GT-S7500|GT-S7530|GT-S7550|GT-S7562|GT-S7710|GT-S8000|GT-S8003|GT-S8500|GT-S8530|GT-S8600|SCH-A310|SCH-A530|SCH-A570|SCH-A610|SCH-A630|SCH-A650|SCH-A790|SCH-A795|SCH-A850|SCH-A870|SCH-A890|SCH-A930|SCH-A950|SCH-A970|SCH-A990|SCH-I100|SCH-I110|SCH-I400|SCH-I405|SCH-I500|SCH-I510|SCH-I515|SCH-I600|SCH-I730|SCH-I760|SCH-I770|SCH-I830|SCH-I910|SCH-I920|SCH-I959|SCH-LC11|SCH-N150|SCH-N300|SCH-R100|SCH-R300|SCH-R351|SCH-R400|SCH-R410|SCH-T300|SCH-U310|SCH-U320|SCH-U350|SCH-U360|SCH-U365|SCH-U370|SCH-U380|SCH-U410|SCH-U430|SCH-U450|SCH-U460|SCH-U470|SCH-U490|SCH-U540|SCH-U550|SCH-U620|SCH-U640|SCH-U650|SCH-U660|SCH-U700|SCH-U740|SCH-U750|SCH-U810|SCH-U820|SCH-U900|SCH-U940|SCH-U960|SCS-26UC|SGH-A107|SGH-A117|SGH-A127|SGH-A137|SGH-A157|SGH-A167|SGH-A177|SGH-A187|SGH-A197|SGH-A227|SGH-A237|SGH-A257|SGH-A437|SGH-A517|SGH-A597|SGH-A637|SGH-A657|SGH-A667|SGH-A687|SGH-A697|SGH-A707|SGH-A717|SGH-A727|SGH-A737|SGH-A747|SGH-A767|SGH-A777|SGH-A797|SGH-A817|SGH-A827|SGH-A837|SGH-A847|SGH-A867|SGH-A877|SGH-A887|SGH-A897|SGH-A927|SGH-B100|SGH-B130|SGH-B200|SGH-B220|SGH-C100|SGH-C110|SGH-C120|SGH-C130|SGH-C140|SGH-C160|SGH-C170|SGH-C180|SGH-C200|SGH-C207|SGH-C210|SGH-C225|SGH-C230|SGH-C417|SGH-C450|SGH-D307|SGH-D347|SGH-D357|SGH-D407|SGH-D415|SGH-D780|SGH-D807|SGH-D980|SGH-E105|SGH-E200|SGH-E315|SGH-E316|SGH-E317|SGH-E335|SGH-E590|SGH-E635|SGH-E715|SGH-E890|SGH-F300|SGH-F480|SGH-I200|SGH-I300|SGH-I320|SGH-I550|SGH-I577|SGH-I600|SGH-I607|SGH-I617|SGH-I627|SGH-I637|SGH-I677|SGH-I700|SGH-I717|SGH-I727|SGH-i747M|SGH-I777|SGH-I780|SGH-I827|SGH-I847|SGH-I857|SGH-I896|SGH-I897|SGH-I900|SGH-I907|SGH-I917|SGH-I927|SGH-I937|SGH-I997|SGH-J150|SGH-J200|SGH-L170|SGH-L700|SGH-M110|SGH-M150|SGH-M200|SGH-N105|SGH-N500|SGH-N600|SGH-N620|SGH-N625|SGH-N700|SGH-N710|SGH-P107|SGH-P207|SGH-P300|SGH-P310|SGH-P520|SGH-P735|SGH-P777|SGH-Q105|SGH-R210|SGH-R220|SGH-R225|SGH-S105|SGH-S307|SGH-T109|SGH-T119|SGH-T139|SGH-T209|SGH-T219|SGH-T229|SGH-T239|SGH-T249|SGH-T259|SGH-T309|SGH-T319|SGH-T329|SGH-T339|SGH-T349|SGH-T359|SGH-T369|SGH-T379|SGH-T409|SGH-T429|SGH-T439|SGH-T459|SGH-T469|SGH-T479|SGH-T499|SGH-T509|SGH-T519|SGH-T539|SGH-T559|SGH-T589|SGH-T609|SGH-T619|SGH-T629|SGH-T639|SGH-T659|SGH-T669|SGH-T679|SGH-T709|SGH-T719|SGH-T729|SGH-T739|SGH-T746|SGH-T749|SGH-T759|SGH-T769|SGH-T809|SGH-T819|SGH-T839|SGH-T919|SGH-T929|SGH-T939|SGH-T959|SGH-T989|SGH-U100|SGH-U200|SGH-U800|SGH-V205|SGH-V206|SGH-X100|SGH-X105|SGH-X120|SGH-X140|SGH-X426|SGH-X427|SGH-X475|SGH-X495|SGH-X497|SGH-X507|SGH-X600|SGH-X610|SGH-X620|SGH-X630|SGH-X700|SGH-X820|SGH-X890|SGH-Z130|SGH-Z150|SGH-Z170|SGH-ZX10|SGH-ZX20|SHW-M110|SPH-A120|SPH-A400|SPH-A420|SPH-A460|SPH-A500|SPH-A560|SPH-A600|SPH-A620|SPH-A660|SPH-A700|SPH-A740|SPH-A760|SPH-A790|SPH-A800|SPH-A820|SPH-A840|SPH-A880|SPH-A900|SPH-A940|SPH-A960|SPH-D600|SPH-D700|SPH-D710|SPH-D720|SPH-I300|SPH-I325|SPH-I330|SPH-I350|SPH-I500|SPH-I600|SPH-I700|SPH-L700|SPH-M100|SPH-M220|SPH-M240|SPH-M300|SPH-M305|SPH-M320|SPH-M330|SPH-M350|SPH-M360|SPH-M370|SPH-M380|SPH-M510|SPH-M540|SPH-M550|SPH-M560|SPH-M570|SPH-M580|SPH-M610|SPH-M620|SPH-M630|SPH-M800|SPH-M810|SPH-M850|SPH-M900|SPH-M910|SPH-M920|SPH-M930|SPH-N100|SPH-N200|SPH-N240|SPH-N300|SPH-N400|SPH-Z400|SWC-E100|SCH-i909|GT-N7100|GT-N7105|SCH-I535|SM-N900A|SGH-I317|SGH-T999L|GT-S5360B|GT-I8262|GT-S6802|GT-S6312|GT-S6310|GT-S5312|GT-S5310|GT-I9105|GT-I8510|GT-S6790N|SM-G7105|SM-N9005|GT-S5301|GT-I9295|GT-I9195|SM-C101|GT-S7392|GT-S7560|GT-B7610|GT-I5510|GT-S7582|GT-S7530E|GT-I8750|SM-G9006V|SM-G9008V|SM-G9009D|SM-G900A|SM-G900D|SM-G900F|SM-G900H|SM-G900I|SM-G900J|SM-G900K|SM-G900L|SM-G900M|SM-G900P|SM-G900R4|SM-G900S|SM-G900T|SM-G900V|SM-G900W8|SHV-E160K|SCH-P709|SCH-P729|SM-T2558|GT-I9205|SM-G9350|SM-J120F|SM-G920F|SM-G920V|SM-G930F|SM-N910C|SM-A310F|GT-I9190|SM-J500FN|SM-G903F|SM-J330F|SM-G610F|SM-G981B|SM-G892A|SM-A530F",LG:"\\bLG\\b;|LG[- ]?(C800|C900|E400|E610|E900|E-900|F160|F180K|F180L|F180S|730|855|L160|LS740|LS840|LS970|LU6200|MS690|MS695|MS770|MS840|MS870|MS910|P500|P700|P705|VM696|AS680|AS695|AX840|C729|E970|GS505|272|C395|E739BK|E960|L55C|L75C|LS696|LS860|P769BK|P350|P500|P509|P870|UN272|US730|VS840|VS950|LN272|LN510|LS670|LS855|LW690|MN270|MN510|P509|P769|P930|UN200|UN270|UN510|UN610|US670|US740|US760|UX265|UX840|VN271|VN530|VS660|VS700|VS740|VS750|VS910|VS920|VS930|VX9200|VX11000|AX840A|LW770|P506|P925|P999|E612|D955|D802|MS323|M257)|LM-G710",Sony:"SonyST|SonyLT|SonyEricsson|SonyEricssonLT15iv|LT18i|E10i|LT28h|LT26w|SonyEricssonMT27i|C5303|C6902|C6903|C6906|C6943|D2533|SOV34|601SO|F8332",Asus:"Asus.*Galaxy|PadFone.*Mobile",Xiaomi:"^(?!.*\\bx11\\b).*xiaomi.*$|POCOPHONE F1|MI 8|Redmi Note 9S|Redmi Note 5A Prime|N2G47H|M2001J2G|M2001J2I|M1805E10A|M2004J11G|M1902F1G|M2002J9G|M2004J19G|M2003J6A1G",NokiaLumia:"Lumia [0-9]{3,4}",Micromax:"Micromax.*\\b(A210|A92|A88|A72|A111|A110Q|A115|A116|A110|A90S|A26|A51|A35|A54|A25|A27|A89|A68|A65|A57|A90)\\b",Palm:"PalmSource|Palm",Vertu:"Vertu|Vertu.*Ltd|Vertu.*Ascent|Vertu.*Ayxta|Vertu.*Constellation(F|Quest)?|Vertu.*Monika|Vertu.*Signature",Pantech:"PANTECH|IM-A850S|IM-A840S|IM-A830L|IM-A830K|IM-A830S|IM-A820L|IM-A810K|IM-A810S|IM-A800S|IM-T100K|IM-A725L|IM-A780L|IM-A775C|IM-A770K|IM-A760S|IM-A750K|IM-A740S|IM-A730S|IM-A720L|IM-A710K|IM-A690L|IM-A690S|IM-A650S|IM-A630K|IM-A600S|VEGA PTL21|PT003|P8010|ADR910L|P6030|P6020|P9070|P4100|P9060|P5000|CDM8992|TXT8045|ADR8995|IS11PT|P2030|P6010|P8000|PT002|IS06|CDM8999|P9050|PT001|TXT8040|P2020|P9020|P2000|P7040|P7000|C790",Fly:"IQ230|IQ444|IQ450|IQ440|IQ442|IQ441|IQ245|IQ256|IQ236|IQ255|IQ235|IQ245|IQ275|IQ240|IQ285|IQ280|IQ270|IQ260|IQ250",Wiko:"KITE 4G|HIGHWAY|GETAWAY|STAIRWAY|DARKSIDE|DARKFULL|DARKNIGHT|DARKMOON|SLIDE|WAX 4G|RAINBOW|BLOOM|SUNSET|GOA(?!nna)|LENNY|BARRY|IGGY|OZZY|CINK FIVE|CINK PEAX|CINK PEAX 2|CINK SLIM|CINK SLIM 2|CINK +|CINK KING|CINK PEAX|CINK SLIM|SUBLIM",iMobile:"i-mobile (IQ|i-STYLE|idea|ZAA|Hitz)",SimValley:"\\b(SP-80|XT-930|SX-340|XT-930|SX-310|SP-360|SP60|SPT-800|SP-120|SPT-800|SP-140|SPX-5|SPX-8|SP-100|SPX-8|SPX-12)\\b",Wolfgang:"AT-B24D|AT-AS50HD|AT-AS40W|AT-AS55HD|AT-AS45q2|AT-B26D|AT-AS50Q",Alcatel:"Alcatel",Nintendo:"Nintendo (3DS|Switch)",Amoi:"Amoi",INQ:"INQ",OnePlus:"ONEPLUS",GenericPhone:"Tapatalk|PDA;|SAGEM|\\bmmp\\b|pocket|\\bpsp\\b|symbian|Smartphone|smartfon|treo|up.browser|up.link|vodafone|\\bwap\\b|nokia|Series40|Series60|S60|SonyEricsson|N900|MAUI.*WAP.*Browser"},tablets:{iPad:"iPad|iPad.*Mobile",NexusTablet:"Android.*Nexus[\\s]+(7|9|10)",GoogleTablet:"Android.*Pixel C",SamsungTablet:"SAMSUNG.*Tablet|Galaxy.*Tab|SC-01C|GT-P1000|GT-P1003|GT-P1010|GT-P3105|GT-P6210|GT-P6800|GT-P6810|GT-P7100|GT-P7300|GT-P7310|GT-P7500|GT-P7510|SCH-I800|SCH-I815|SCH-I905|SGH-I957|SGH-I987|SGH-T849|SGH-T859|SGH-T869|SPH-P100|GT-P3100|GT-P3108|GT-P3110|GT-P5100|GT-P5110|GT-P6200|GT-P7320|GT-P7511|GT-N8000|GT-P8510|SGH-I497|SPH-P500|SGH-T779|SCH-I705|SCH-I915|GT-N8013|GT-P3113|GT-P5113|GT-P8110|GT-N8010|GT-N8005|GT-N8020|GT-P1013|GT-P6201|GT-P7501|GT-N5100|GT-N5105|GT-N5110|SHV-E140K|SHV-E140L|SHV-E140S|SHV-E150S|SHV-E230K|SHV-E230L|SHV-E230S|SHW-M180K|SHW-M180L|SHW-M180S|SHW-M180W|SHW-M300W|SHW-M305W|SHW-M380K|SHW-M380S|SHW-M380W|SHW-M430W|SHW-M480K|SHW-M480S|SHW-M480W|SHW-M485W|SHW-M486W|SHW-M500W|GT-I9228|SCH-P739|SCH-I925|GT-I9200|GT-P5200|GT-P5210|GT-P5210X|SM-T311|SM-T310|SM-T310X|SM-T210|SM-T210R|SM-T211|SM-P600|SM-P601|SM-P605|SM-P900|SM-P901|SM-T217|SM-T217A|SM-T217S|SM-P6000|SM-T3100|SGH-I467|XE500|SM-T110|GT-P5220|GT-I9200X|GT-N5110X|GT-N5120|SM-P905|SM-T111|SM-T2105|SM-T315|SM-T320|SM-T320X|SM-T321|SM-T520|SM-T525|SM-T530NU|SM-T230NU|SM-T330NU|SM-T900|XE500T1C|SM-P605V|SM-P905V|SM-T337V|SM-T537V|SM-T707V|SM-T807V|SM-P600X|SM-P900X|SM-T210X|SM-T230|SM-T230X|SM-T325|GT-P7503|SM-T531|SM-T330|SM-T530|SM-T705|SM-T705C|SM-T535|SM-T331|SM-T800|SM-T700|SM-T537|SM-T807|SM-P907A|SM-T337A|SM-T537A|SM-T707A|SM-T807A|SM-T237|SM-T807P|SM-P607T|SM-T217T|SM-T337T|SM-T807T|SM-T116NQ|SM-T116BU|SM-P550|SM-T350|SM-T550|SM-T9000|SM-P9000|SM-T705Y|SM-T805|GT-P3113|SM-T710|SM-T810|SM-T815|SM-T360|SM-T533|SM-T113|SM-T335|SM-T715|SM-T560|SM-T670|SM-T677|SM-T377|SM-T567|SM-T357T|SM-T555|SM-T561|SM-T713|SM-T719|SM-T813|SM-T819|SM-T580|SM-T355Y?|SM-T280|SM-T817A|SM-T820|SM-W700|SM-P580|SM-T587|SM-P350|SM-P555M|SM-P355M|SM-T113NU|SM-T815Y|SM-T585|SM-T285|SM-T825|SM-W708|SM-T835|SM-T830|SM-T837V|SM-T720|SM-T510|SM-T387V|SM-P610|SM-T290|SM-T515|SM-T590|SM-T595|SM-T725|SM-T817P|SM-P585N0|SM-T395|SM-T295|SM-T865|SM-P610N|SM-P615|SM-T970|SM-T380|SM-T5950|SM-T905|SM-T231|SM-T500|SM-T860",Kindle:"Kindle|Silk.*Accelerated|Android.*\\b(KFOT|KFTT|KFJWI|KFJWA|KFOTE|KFSOWI|KFTHWI|KFTHWA|KFAPWI|KFAPWA|WFJWAE|KFSAWA|KFSAWI|KFASWI|KFARWI|KFFOWI|KFGIWI|KFMEWI)\\b|Android.*Silk/[0-9.]+ like Chrome/[0-9.]+ (?!Mobile)",SurfaceTablet:"Windows NT [0-9.]+; ARM;.*(Tablet|ARMBJS)",HPTablet:"HP Slate (7|8|10)|HP ElitePad 900|hp-tablet|EliteBook.*Touch|HP 8|Slate 21|HP SlateBook 10",AsusTablet:"^.*PadFone((?!Mobile).)*$|Transformer|TF101|TF101G|TF300T|TF300TG|TF300TL|TF700T|TF700KL|TF701T|TF810C|ME171|ME301T|ME302C|ME371MG|ME370T|ME372MG|ME172V|ME173X|ME400C|Slider SL101|\\bK00F\\b|\\bK00C\\b|\\bK00E\\b|\\bK00L\\b|TX201LA|ME176C|ME102A|\\bM80TA\\b|ME372CL|ME560CG|ME372CG|ME302KL| K010 | K011 | K017 | K01E |ME572C|ME103K|ME170C|ME171C|\\bME70C\\b|ME581C|ME581CL|ME8510C|ME181C|P01Y|PO1MA|P01Z|\\bP027\\b|\\bP024\\b|\\bP00C\\b",BlackBerryTablet:"PlayBook|RIM Tablet",HTCtablet:"HTC_Flyer_P512|HTC Flyer|HTC Jetstream|HTC-P715a|HTC EVO View 4G|PG41200|PG09410",MotorolaTablet:"xoom|sholest|MZ615|MZ605|MZ505|MZ601|MZ602|MZ603|MZ604|MZ606|MZ607|MZ608|MZ609|MZ615|MZ616|MZ617",NookTablet:"Android.*Nook|NookColor|nook browser|BNRV200|BNRV200A|BNTV250|BNTV250A|BNTV400|BNTV600|LogicPD Zoom2",AcerTablet:"Android.*; \\b(A100|A101|A110|A200|A210|A211|A500|A501|A510|A511|A700|A701|W500|W500P|W501|W501P|W510|W511|W700|G100|G100W|B1-A71|B1-710|B1-711|A1-810|A1-811|A1-830)\\b|W3-810|\\bA3-A10\\b|\\bA3-A11\\b|\\bA3-A20\\b|\\bA3-A30|A3-A40",ToshibaTablet:"Android.*(AT100|AT105|AT200|AT205|AT270|AT275|AT300|AT305|AT1S5|AT500|AT570|AT700|AT830)|TOSHIBA.*FOLIO",LGTablet:"\\bL-06C|LG-V909|LG-V900|LG-V700|LG-V510|LG-V500|LG-V410|LG-V400|LG-VK810\\b",FujitsuTablet:"Android.*\\b(F-01D|F-02F|F-05E|F-10D|M532|Q572)\\b",PrestigioTablet:"PMP3170B|PMP3270B|PMP3470B|PMP7170B|PMP3370B|PMP3570C|PMP5870C|PMP3670B|PMP5570C|PMP5770D|PMP3970B|PMP3870C|PMP5580C|PMP5880D|PMP5780D|PMP5588C|PMP7280C|PMP7280C3G|PMP7280|PMP7880D|PMP5597D|PMP5597|PMP7100D|PER3464|PER3274|PER3574|PER3884|PER5274|PER5474|PMP5097CPRO|PMP5097|PMP7380D|PMP5297C|PMP5297C_QUAD|PMP812E|PMP812E3G|PMP812F|PMP810E|PMP880TD|PMT3017|PMT3037|PMT3047|PMT3057|PMT7008|PMT5887|PMT5001|PMT5002",LenovoTablet:"Lenovo TAB|Idea(Tab|Pad)( A1|A10| K1|)|ThinkPad([ ]+)?Tablet|YT3-850M|YT3-X90L|YT3-X90F|YT3-X90X|Lenovo.*(S2109|S2110|S5000|S6000|K3011|A3000|A3500|A1000|A2107|A2109|A1107|A5500|A7600|B6000|B8000|B8080)(-|)(FL|F|HV|H|)|TB-X103F|TB-X304X|TB-X304F|TB-X304L|TB-X505F|TB-X505L|TB-X505X|TB-X605F|TB-X605L|TB-8703F|TB-8703X|TB-8703N|TB-8704N|TB-8704F|TB-8704X|TB-8704V|TB-7304F|TB-7304I|TB-7304X|Tab2A7-10F|Tab2A7-20F|TB2-X30L|YT3-X50L|YT3-X50F|YT3-X50M|YT-X705F|YT-X703F|YT-X703L|YT-X705L|YT-X705X|TB2-X30F|TB2-X30L|TB2-X30M|A2107A-F|A2107A-H|TB3-730F|TB3-730M|TB3-730X|TB-7504F|TB-7504X|TB-X704F|TB-X104F|TB3-X70F|TB-X705F|TB-8504F|TB3-X70L|TB3-710F|TB-X704L",DellTablet:"Venue 11|Venue 8|Venue 7|Dell Streak 10|Dell Streak 7",YarvikTablet:"Android.*\\b(TAB210|TAB211|TAB224|TAB250|TAB260|TAB264|TAB310|TAB360|TAB364|TAB410|TAB411|TAB420|TAB424|TAB450|TAB460|TAB461|TAB464|TAB465|TAB467|TAB468|TAB07-100|TAB07-101|TAB07-150|TAB07-151|TAB07-152|TAB07-200|TAB07-201-3G|TAB07-210|TAB07-211|TAB07-212|TAB07-214|TAB07-220|TAB07-400|TAB07-485|TAB08-150|TAB08-200|TAB08-201-3G|TAB08-201-30|TAB09-100|TAB09-211|TAB09-410|TAB10-150|TAB10-201|TAB10-211|TAB10-400|TAB10-410|TAB13-201|TAB274EUK|TAB275EUK|TAB374EUK|TAB462EUK|TAB474EUK|TAB9-200)\\b",MedionTablet:"Android.*\\bOYO\\b|LIFE.*(P9212|P9514|P9516|S9512)|LIFETAB",ArnovaTablet:"97G4|AN10G2|AN7bG3|AN7fG3|AN8G3|AN8cG3|AN7G3|AN9G3|AN7dG3|AN7dG3ST|AN7dG3ChildPad|AN10bG3|AN10bG3DT|AN9G2",IntensoTablet:"INM8002KP|INM1010FP|INM805ND|Intenso Tab|TAB1004",IRUTablet:"M702pro",MegafonTablet:"MegaFon V9|\\bZTE V9\\b|Android.*\\bMT7A\\b",EbodaTablet:"E-Boda (Supreme|Impresspeed|Izzycomm|Essential)",AllViewTablet:"Allview.*(Viva|Alldro|City|Speed|All TV|Frenzy|Quasar|Shine|TX1|AX1|AX2)",ArchosTablet:"\\b(101G9|80G9|A101IT)\\b|Qilive 97R|Archos5|\\bARCHOS (70|79|80|90|97|101|FAMILYPAD|)(b|c|)(G10| Cobalt| TITANIUM(HD|)| Xenon| Neon|XSK| 2| XS 2| PLATINUM| CARBON|GAMEPAD)\\b",AinolTablet:"NOVO7|NOVO8|NOVO10|Novo7Aurora|Novo7Basic|NOVO7PALADIN|novo9-Spark",NokiaLumiaTablet:"Lumia 2520",SonyTablet:"Sony.*Tablet|Xperia Tablet|Sony Tablet S|SO-03E|SGPT12|SGPT13|SGPT114|SGPT121|SGPT122|SGPT123|SGPT111|SGPT112|SGPT113|SGPT131|SGPT132|SGPT133|SGPT211|SGPT212|SGPT213|SGP311|SGP312|SGP321|EBRD1101|EBRD1102|EBRD1201|SGP351|SGP341|SGP511|SGP512|SGP521|SGP541|SGP551|SGP621|SGP641|SGP612|SOT31|SGP771|SGP611|SGP612|SGP712",PhilipsTablet:"\\b(PI2010|PI3000|PI3100|PI3105|PI3110|PI3205|PI3210|PI3900|PI4010|PI7000|PI7100)\\b",CubeTablet:"Android.*(K8GT|U9GT|U10GT|U16GT|U17GT|U18GT|U19GT|U20GT|U23GT|U30GT)|CUBE U8GT",CobyTablet:"MID1042|MID1045|MID1125|MID1126|MID7012|MID7014|MID7015|MID7034|MID7035|MID7036|MID7042|MID7048|MID7127|MID8042|MID8048|MID8127|MID9042|MID9740|MID9742|MID7022|MID7010",MIDTablet:"M9701|M9000|M9100|M806|M1052|M806|T703|MID701|MID713|MID710|MID727|MID760|MID830|MID728|MID933|MID125|MID810|MID732|MID120|MID930|MID800|MID731|MID900|MID100|MID820|MID735|MID980|MID130|MID833|MID737|MID960|MID135|MID860|MID736|MID140|MID930|MID835|MID733|MID4X10",MSITablet:"MSI \\b(Primo 73K|Primo 73L|Primo 81L|Primo 77|Primo 93|Primo 75|Primo 76|Primo 73|Primo 81|Primo 91|Primo 90|Enjoy 71|Enjoy 7|Enjoy 10)\\b",SMiTTablet:"Android.*(\\bMID\\b|MID-560|MTV-T1200|MTV-PND531|MTV-P1101|MTV-PND530)",RockChipTablet:"Android.*(RK2818|RK2808A|RK2918|RK3066)|RK2738|RK2808A",FlyTablet:"IQ310|Fly Vision",bqTablet:"Android.*(bq)?.*\\b(Elcano|Curie|Edison|Maxwell|Kepler|Pascal|Tesla|Hypatia|Platon|Newton|Livingstone|Cervantes|Avant|Aquaris ([E|M]10|M8))\\b|Maxwell.*Lite|Maxwell.*Plus",HuaweiTablet:"MediaPad|MediaPad 7 Youth|IDEOS S7|S7-201c|S7-202u|S7-101|S7-103|S7-104|S7-105|S7-106|S7-201|S7-Slim|M2-A01L|BAH-L09|BAH-W09|AGS-L09|CMR-AL19",NecTablet:"\\bN-06D|\\bN-08D",PantechTablet:"Pantech.*P4100",BronchoTablet:"Broncho.*(N701|N708|N802|a710)",VersusTablet:"TOUCHPAD.*[78910]|\\bTOUCHTAB\\b",ZyncTablet:"z1000|Z99 2G|z930|z990|z909|Z919|z900",PositivoTablet:"TB07STA|TB10STA|TB07FTA|TB10FTA",NabiTablet:"Android.*\\bNabi",KoboTablet:"Kobo Touch|\\bK080\\b|\\bVox\\b Build|\\bArc\\b Build",DanewTablet:"DSlide.*\\b(700|701R|702|703R|704|802|970|971|972|973|974|1010|1012)\\b",TexetTablet:"NaviPad|TB-772A|TM-7045|TM-7055|TM-9750|TM-7016|TM-7024|TM-7026|TM-7041|TM-7043|TM-7047|TM-8041|TM-9741|TM-9747|TM-9748|TM-9751|TM-7022|TM-7021|TM-7020|TM-7011|TM-7010|TM-7023|TM-7025|TM-7037W|TM-7038W|TM-7027W|TM-9720|TM-9725|TM-9737W|TM-1020|TM-9738W|TM-9740|TM-9743W|TB-807A|TB-771A|TB-727A|TB-725A|TB-719A|TB-823A|TB-805A|TB-723A|TB-715A|TB-707A|TB-705A|TB-709A|TB-711A|TB-890HD|TB-880HD|TB-790HD|TB-780HD|TB-770HD|TB-721HD|TB-710HD|TB-434HD|TB-860HD|TB-840HD|TB-760HD|TB-750HD|TB-740HD|TB-730HD|TB-722HD|TB-720HD|TB-700HD|TB-500HD|TB-470HD|TB-431HD|TB-430HD|TB-506|TB-504|TB-446|TB-436|TB-416|TB-146SE|TB-126SE",PlaystationTablet:"Playstation.*(Portable|Vita)",TrekstorTablet:"ST10416-1|VT10416-1|ST70408-1|ST702xx-1|ST702xx-2|ST80208|ST97216|ST70104-2|VT10416-2|ST10216-2A|SurfTab",PyleAudioTablet:"\\b(PTBL10CEU|PTBL10C|PTBL72BC|PTBL72BCEU|PTBL7CEU|PTBL7C|PTBL92BC|PTBL92BCEU|PTBL9CEU|PTBL9CUK|PTBL9C)\\b",AdvanTablet:"Android.* \\b(E3A|T3X|T5C|T5B|T3E|T3C|T3B|T1J|T1F|T2A|T1H|T1i|E1C|T1-E|T5-A|T4|E1-B|T2Ci|T1-B|T1-D|O1-A|E1-A|T1-A|T3A|T4i)\\b ",DanyTechTablet:"Genius Tab G3|Genius Tab S2|Genius Tab Q3|Genius Tab G4|Genius Tab Q4|Genius Tab G-II|Genius TAB GII|Genius TAB GIII|Genius Tab S1",GalapadTablet:"Android [0-9.]+; [a-z-]+; \\bG1\\b",MicromaxTablet:"Funbook|Micromax.*\\b(P250|P560|P360|P362|P600|P300|P350|P500|P275)\\b",KarbonnTablet:"Android.*\\b(A39|A37|A34|ST8|ST10|ST7|Smart Tab3|Smart Tab2)\\b",AllFineTablet:"Fine7 Genius|Fine7 Shine|Fine7 Air|Fine8 Style|Fine9 More|Fine10 Joy|Fine11 Wide",PROSCANTablet:"\\b(PEM63|PLT1023G|PLT1041|PLT1044|PLT1044G|PLT1091|PLT4311|PLT4311PL|PLT4315|PLT7030|PLT7033|PLT7033D|PLT7035|PLT7035D|PLT7044K|PLT7045K|PLT7045KB|PLT7071KG|PLT7072|PLT7223G|PLT7225G|PLT7777G|PLT7810K|PLT7849G|PLT7851G|PLT7852G|PLT8015|PLT8031|PLT8034|PLT8036|PLT8080K|PLT8082|PLT8088|PLT8223G|PLT8234G|PLT8235G|PLT8816K|PLT9011|PLT9045K|PLT9233G|PLT9735|PLT9760G|PLT9770G)\\b",YONESTablet:"BQ1078|BC1003|BC1077|RK9702|BC9730|BC9001|IT9001|BC7008|BC7010|BC708|BC728|BC7012|BC7030|BC7027|BC7026",ChangJiaTablet:"TPC7102|TPC7103|TPC7105|TPC7106|TPC7107|TPC7201|TPC7203|TPC7205|TPC7210|TPC7708|TPC7709|TPC7712|TPC7110|TPC8101|TPC8103|TPC8105|TPC8106|TPC8203|TPC8205|TPC8503|TPC9106|TPC9701|TPC97101|TPC97103|TPC97105|TPC97106|TPC97111|TPC97113|TPC97203|TPC97603|TPC97809|TPC97205|TPC10101|TPC10103|TPC10106|TPC10111|TPC10203|TPC10205|TPC10503",GUTablet:"TX-A1301|TX-M9002|Q702|kf026",PointOfViewTablet:"TAB-P506|TAB-navi-7-3G-M|TAB-P517|TAB-P-527|TAB-P701|TAB-P703|TAB-P721|TAB-P731N|TAB-P741|TAB-P825|TAB-P905|TAB-P925|TAB-PR945|TAB-PL1015|TAB-P1025|TAB-PI1045|TAB-P1325|TAB-PROTAB[0-9]+|TAB-PROTAB25|TAB-PROTAB26|TAB-PROTAB27|TAB-PROTAB26XL|TAB-PROTAB2-IPS9|TAB-PROTAB30-IPS9|TAB-PROTAB25XXL|TAB-PROTAB26-IPS10|TAB-PROTAB30-IPS10",OvermaxTablet:"OV-(SteelCore|NewBase|Basecore|Baseone|Exellen|Quattor|EduTab|Solution|ACTION|BasicTab|TeddyTab|MagicTab|Stream|TB-08|TB-09)|Qualcore 1027",HCLTablet:"HCL.*Tablet|Connect-3G-2.0|Connect-2G-2.0|ME Tablet U1|ME Tablet U2|ME Tablet G1|ME Tablet X1|ME Tablet Y2|ME Tablet Sync",DPSTablet:"DPS Dream 9|DPS Dual 7",VistureTablet:"V97 HD|i75 3G|Visture V4( HD)?|Visture V5( HD)?|Visture V10",CrestaTablet:"CTP(-)?810|CTP(-)?818|CTP(-)?828|CTP(-)?838|CTP(-)?888|CTP(-)?978|CTP(-)?980|CTP(-)?987|CTP(-)?988|CTP(-)?989",MediatekTablet:"\\bMT8125|MT8389|MT8135|MT8377\\b",ConcordeTablet:"Concorde([ ]+)?Tab|ConCorde ReadMan",GoCleverTablet:"GOCLEVER TAB|A7GOCLEVER|M1042|M7841|M742|R1042BK|R1041|TAB A975|TAB A7842|TAB A741|TAB A741L|TAB M723G|TAB M721|TAB A1021|TAB I921|TAB R721|TAB I720|TAB T76|TAB R70|TAB R76.2|TAB R106|TAB R83.2|TAB M813G|TAB I721|GCTA722|TAB I70|TAB I71|TAB S73|TAB R73|TAB R74|TAB R93|TAB R75|TAB R76.1|TAB A73|TAB A93|TAB A93.2|TAB T72|TAB R83|TAB R974|TAB R973|TAB A101|TAB A103|TAB A104|TAB A104.2|R105BK|M713G|A972BK|TAB A971|TAB R974.2|TAB R104|TAB R83.3|TAB A1042",ModecomTablet:"FreeTAB 9000|FreeTAB 7.4|FreeTAB 7004|FreeTAB 7800|FreeTAB 2096|FreeTAB 7.5|FreeTAB 1014|FreeTAB 1001 |FreeTAB 8001|FreeTAB 9706|FreeTAB 9702|FreeTAB 7003|FreeTAB 7002|FreeTAB 1002|FreeTAB 7801|FreeTAB 1331|FreeTAB 1004|FreeTAB 8002|FreeTAB 8014|FreeTAB 9704|FreeTAB 1003",VoninoTablet:"\\b(Argus[ _]?S|Diamond[ _]?79HD|Emerald[ _]?78E|Luna[ _]?70C|Onyx[ _]?S|Onyx[ _]?Z|Orin[ _]?HD|Orin[ _]?S|Otis[ _]?S|SpeedStar[ _]?S|Magnet[ _]?M9|Primus[ _]?94[ _]?3G|Primus[ _]?94HD|Primus[ _]?QS|Android.*\\bQ8\\b|Sirius[ _]?EVO[ _]?QS|Sirius[ _]?QS|Spirit[ _]?S)\\b",ECSTablet:"V07OT2|TM105A|S10OT1|TR10CS1",StorexTablet:"eZee[_']?(Tab|Go)[0-9]+|TabLC7|Looney Tunes Tab",VodafoneTablet:"SmartTab([ ]+)?[0-9]+|SmartTabII10|SmartTabII7|VF-1497|VFD 1400",EssentielBTablet:"Smart[ ']?TAB[ ]+?[0-9]+|Family[ ']?TAB2",RossMoorTablet:"RM-790|RM-997|RMD-878G|RMD-974R|RMT-705A|RMT-701|RME-601|RMT-501|RMT-711",iMobileTablet:"i-mobile i-note",TolinoTablet:"tolino tab [0-9.]+|tolino shine",AudioSonicTablet:"\\bC-22Q|T7-QC|T-17B|T-17P\\b",AMPETablet:"Android.* A78 ",SkkTablet:"Android.* (SKYPAD|PHOENIX|CYCLOPS)",TecnoTablet:"TECNO P9|TECNO DP8D",JXDTablet:"Android.* \\b(F3000|A3300|JXD5000|JXD3000|JXD2000|JXD300B|JXD300|S5800|S7800|S602b|S5110b|S7300|S5300|S602|S603|S5100|S5110|S601|S7100a|P3000F|P3000s|P101|P200s|P1000m|P200m|P9100|P1000s|S6600b|S908|P1000|P300|S18|S6600|S9100)\\b",iJoyTablet:"Tablet (Spirit 7|Essentia|Galatea|Fusion|Onix 7|Landa|Titan|Scooby|Deox|Stella|Themis|Argon|Unique 7|Sygnus|Hexen|Finity 7|Cream|Cream X2|Jade|Neon 7|Neron 7|Kandy|Scape|Saphyr 7|Rebel|Biox|Rebel|Rebel 8GB|Myst|Draco 7|Myst|Tab7-004|Myst|Tadeo Jones|Tablet Boing|Arrow|Draco Dual Cam|Aurix|Mint|Amity|Revolution|Finity 9|Neon 9|T9w|Amity 4GB Dual Cam|Stone 4GB|Stone 8GB|Andromeda|Silken|X2|Andromeda II|Halley|Flame|Saphyr 9,7|Touch 8|Planet|Triton|Unique 10|Hexen 10|Memphis 4GB|Memphis 8GB|Onix 10)",FX2Tablet:"FX2 PAD7|FX2 PAD10",XoroTablet:"KidsPAD 701|PAD[ ]?712|PAD[ ]?714|PAD[ ]?716|PAD[ ]?717|PAD[ ]?718|PAD[ ]?720|PAD[ ]?721|PAD[ ]?722|PAD[ ]?790|PAD[ ]?792|PAD[ ]?900|PAD[ ]?9715D|PAD[ ]?9716DR|PAD[ ]?9718DR|PAD[ ]?9719QR|PAD[ ]?9720QR|TelePAD1030|Telepad1032|TelePAD730|TelePAD731|TelePAD732|TelePAD735Q|TelePAD830|TelePAD9730|TelePAD795|MegaPAD 1331|MegaPAD 1851|MegaPAD 2151",ViewsonicTablet:"ViewPad 10pi|ViewPad 10e|ViewPad 10s|ViewPad E72|ViewPad7|ViewPad E100|ViewPad 7e|ViewSonic VB733|VB100a",VerizonTablet:"QTAQZ3|QTAIR7|QTAQTZ3|QTASUN1|QTASUN2|QTAXIA1",OdysTablet:"LOOX|XENO10|ODYS[ -](Space|EVO|Xpress|NOON)|\\bXELIO\\b|Xelio10Pro|XELIO7PHONETAB|XELIO10EXTREME|XELIOPT2|NEO_QUAD10",CaptivaTablet:"CAPTIVA PAD",IconbitTablet:"NetTAB|NT-3702|NT-3702S|NT-3702S|NT-3603P|NT-3603P|NT-0704S|NT-0704S|NT-3805C|NT-3805C|NT-0806C|NT-0806C|NT-0909T|NT-0909T|NT-0907S|NT-0907S|NT-0902S|NT-0902S",TeclastTablet:"T98 4G|\\bP80\\b|\\bX90HD\\b|X98 Air|X98 Air 3G|\\bX89\\b|P80 3G|\\bX80h\\b|P98 Air|\\bX89HD\\b|P98 3G|\\bP90HD\\b|P89 3G|X98 3G|\\bP70h\\b|P79HD 3G|G18d 3G|\\bP79HD\\b|\\bP89s\\b|\\bA88\\b|\\bP10HD\\b|\\bP19HD\\b|G18 3G|\\bP78HD\\b|\\bA78\\b|\\bP75\\b|G17s 3G|G17h 3G|\\bP85t\\b|\\bP90\\b|\\bP11\\b|\\bP98t\\b|\\bP98HD\\b|\\bG18d\\b|\\bP85s\\b|\\bP11HD\\b|\\bP88s\\b|\\bA80HD\\b|\\bA80se\\b|\\bA10h\\b|\\bP89\\b|\\bP78s\\b|\\bG18\\b|\\bP85\\b|\\bA70h\\b|\\bA70\\b|\\bG17\\b|\\bP18\\b|\\bA80s\\b|\\bA11s\\b|\\bP88HD\\b|\\bA80h\\b|\\bP76s\\b|\\bP76h\\b|\\bP98\\b|\\bA10HD\\b|\\bP78\\b|\\bP88\\b|\\bA11\\b|\\bA10t\\b|\\bP76a\\b|\\bP76t\\b|\\bP76e\\b|\\bP85HD\\b|\\bP85a\\b|\\bP86\\b|\\bP75HD\\b|\\bP76v\\b|\\bA12\\b|\\bP75a\\b|\\bA15\\b|\\bP76Ti\\b|\\bP81HD\\b|\\bA10\\b|\\bT760VE\\b|\\bT720HD\\b|\\bP76\\b|\\bP73\\b|\\bP71\\b|\\bP72\\b|\\bT720SE\\b|\\bC520Ti\\b|\\bT760\\b|\\bT720VE\\b|T720-3GE|T720-WiFi",OndaTablet:"\\b(V975i|Vi30|VX530|V701|Vi60|V701s|Vi50|V801s|V719|Vx610w|VX610W|V819i|Vi10|VX580W|Vi10|V711s|V813|V811|V820w|V820|Vi20|V711|VI30W|V712|V891w|V972|V819w|V820w|Vi60|V820w|V711|V813s|V801|V819|V975s|V801|V819|V819|V818|V811|V712|V975m|V101w|V961w|V812|V818|V971|V971s|V919|V989|V116w|V102w|V973|Vi40)\\b[\\s]+|V10 \\b4G\\b",JaytechTablet:"TPC-PA762",BlaupunktTablet:"Endeavour 800NG|Endeavour 1010",DigmaTablet:"\\b(iDx10|iDx9|iDx8|iDx7|iDxD7|iDxD8|iDsQ8|iDsQ7|iDsQ8|iDsD10|iDnD7|3TS804H|iDsQ11|iDj7|iDs10)\\b",EvolioTablet:"ARIA_Mini_wifi|Aria[ _]Mini|Evolio X10|Evolio X7|Evolio X8|\\bEvotab\\b|\\bNeura\\b",LavaTablet:"QPAD E704|\\bIvoryS\\b|E-TAB IVORY|\\bE-TAB\\b",AocTablet:"MW0811|MW0812|MW0922|MTK8382|MW1031|MW0831|MW0821|MW0931|MW0712",MpmanTablet:"MP11 OCTA|MP10 OCTA|MPQC1114|MPQC1004|MPQC994|MPQC974|MPQC973|MPQC804|MPQC784|MPQC780|\\bMPG7\\b|MPDCG75|MPDCG71|MPDC1006|MP101DC|MPDC9000|MPDC905|MPDC706HD|MPDC706|MPDC705|MPDC110|MPDC100|MPDC99|MPDC97|MPDC88|MPDC8|MPDC77|MP709|MID701|MID711|MID170|MPDC703|MPQC1010",CelkonTablet:"CT695|CT888|CT[\\s]?910|CT7 Tab|CT9 Tab|CT3 Tab|CT2 Tab|CT1 Tab|C820|C720|\\bCT-1\\b",WolderTablet:"miTab \\b(DIAMOND|SPACE|BROOKLYN|NEO|FLY|MANHATTAN|FUNK|EVOLUTION|SKY|GOCAR|IRON|GENIUS|POP|MINT|EPSILON|BROADWAY|JUMP|HOP|LEGEND|NEW AGE|LINE|ADVANCE|FEEL|FOLLOW|LIKE|LINK|LIVE|THINK|FREEDOM|CHICAGO|CLEVELAND|BALTIMORE-GH|IOWA|BOSTON|SEATTLE|PHOENIX|DALLAS|IN 101|MasterChef)\\b",MediacomTablet:"M-MPI10C3G|M-SP10EG|M-SP10EGP|M-SP10HXAH|M-SP7HXAH|M-SP10HXBH|M-SP8HXAH|M-SP8MXA",MiTablet:"\\bMI PAD\\b|\\bHM NOTE 1W\\b",NibiruTablet:"Nibiru M1|Nibiru Jupiter One",NexoTablet:"NEXO NOVA|NEXO 10|NEXO AVIO|NEXO FREE|NEXO GO|NEXO EVO|NEXO 3G|NEXO SMART|NEXO KIDDO|NEXO MOBI",LeaderTablet:"TBLT10Q|TBLT10I|TBL-10WDKB|TBL-10WDKBO2013|TBL-W230V2|TBL-W450|TBL-W500|SV572|TBLT7I|TBA-AC7-8G|TBLT79|TBL-8W16|TBL-10W32|TBL-10WKB|TBL-W100",UbislateTablet:"UbiSlate[\\s]?7C",PocketBookTablet:"Pocketbook",KocasoTablet:"\\b(TB-1207)\\b",HisenseTablet:"\\b(F5281|E2371)\\b",Hudl:"Hudl HT7S3|Hudl 2",TelstraTablet:"T-Hub2",GenericTablet:"Android.*\\b97D\\b|Tablet(?!.*PC)|BNTV250A|MID-WCDMA|LogicPD Zoom2|\\bA7EB\\b|CatNova8|A1_07|CT704|CT1002|\\bM721\\b|rk30sdk|\\bEVOTAB\\b|M758A|ET904|ALUMIUM10|Smartfren Tab|Endeavour 1010|Tablet-PC-4|Tagi Tab|\\bM6pro\\b|CT1020W|arc 10HD|\\bTP750\\b|\\bQTAQZ3\\b|WVT101|TM1088|KT107"},oss:{AndroidOS:"Android",BlackBerryOS:"blackberry|\\bBB10\\b|rim tablet os",PalmOS:"PalmOS|avantgo|blazer|elaine|hiptop|palm|plucker|xiino",SymbianOS:"Symbian|SymbOS|Series60|Series40|SYB-[0-9]+|\\bS60\\b",WindowsMobileOS:"Windows CE.*(PPC|Smartphone|Mobile|[0-9]{3}x[0-9]{3})|Windows Mobile|Windows Phone [0-9.]+|WCE;",WindowsPhoneOS:"Windows Phone 10.0|Windows Phone 8.1|Windows Phone 8.0|Windows Phone OS|XBLWP7|ZuneWP7|Windows NT 6.[23]; ARM;",iOS:"\\biPhone.*Mobile|\\biPod|\\biPad|AppleCoreMedia",iPadOS:"CPU OS 13",SailfishOS:"Sailfish",MeeGoOS:"MeeGo",MaemoOS:"Maemo",JavaOS:"J2ME/|\\bMIDP\\b|\\bCLDC\\b",webOS:"webOS|hpwOS",badaOS:"\\bBada\\b",BREWOS:"BREW"},uas:{Chrome:"\\bCrMo\\b|CriOS|Android.*Chrome/[.0-9]* (Mobile)?",Dolfin:"\\bDolfin\\b",Opera:"Opera.*Mini|Opera.*Mobi|Android.*Opera|Mobile.*OPR/[0-9.]+$|Coast/[0-9.]+",Skyfire:"Skyfire",Edge:"\\bEdgiOS\\b|Mobile Safari/[.0-9]* Edge",IE:"IEMobile|MSIEMobile",Firefox:"fennec|firefox.*maemo|(Mobile|Tablet).*Firefox|Firefox.*Mobile|FxiOS",Bolt:"bolt",TeaShark:"teashark",Blazer:"Blazer",Safari:"Version((?!\\bEdgiOS\\b).)*Mobile.*Safari|Safari.*Mobile|MobileSafari",WeChat:"\\bMicroMessenger\\b",UCBrowser:"UC.*Browser|UCWEB",baiduboxapp:"baiduboxapp",baidubrowser:"baidubrowser",DiigoBrowser:"DiigoBrowser",Mercury:"\\bMercury\\b",ObigoBrowser:"Obigo",NetFront:"NF-Browser",GenericBrowser:"NokiaBrowser|OviBrowser|OneBrowser|TwonkyBeamBrowser|SEMC.*Browser|FlyFlow|Minimo|NetFront|Novarra-Vision|MQQBrowser|MicroMessenger",PaleMoon:"Android.*PaleMoon|Mobile.*PaleMoon"},props:{Mobile:"Mobile/[VER]",Build:"Build/[VER]",Version:"Version/[VER]",VendorID:"VendorID/[VER]",iPad:"iPad.*CPU[a-z ]+[VER]",iPhone:"iPhone.*CPU[a-z ]+[VER]",iPod:"iPod.*CPU[a-z ]+[VER]",Kindle:"Kindle/[VER]",Chrome:["Chrome/[VER]","CriOS/[VER]","CrMo/[VER]"],Coast:["Coast/[VER]"],Dolfin:"Dolfin/[VER]",Firefox:["Firefox/[VER]","FxiOS/[VER]"],Fennec:"Fennec/[VER]",Edge:"Edge/[VER]",IE:["IEMobile/[VER];","IEMobile [VER]","MSIE [VER];","Trident/[0-9.]+;.*rv:[VER]"],NetFront:"NetFront/[VER]",NokiaBrowser:"NokiaBrowser/[VER]",Opera:[" OPR/[VER]","Opera Mini/[VER]","Version/[VER]"],"Opera Mini":"Opera Mini/[VER]","Opera Mobi":"Version/[VER]",UCBrowser:["UCWEB[VER]","UC.*Browser/[VER]"],MQQBrowser:"MQQBrowser/[VER]",MicroMessenger:"MicroMessenger/[VER]",baiduboxapp:"baiduboxapp/[VER]",baidubrowser:"baidubrowser/[VER]",SamsungBrowser:"SamsungBrowser/[VER]",Iron:"Iron/[VER]",Safari:["Version/[VER]","Safari/[VER]"],Skyfire:"Skyfire/[VER]",Tizen:"Tizen/[VER]",Webkit:"webkit[ /][VER]",PaleMoon:"PaleMoon/[VER]",SailfishBrowser:"SailfishBrowser/[VER]",Gecko:"Gecko/[VER]",Trident:"Trident/[VER]",Presto:"Presto/[VER]",Goanna:"Goanna/[VER]",iOS:" \\bi?OS\\b [VER][ ;]{1}",Android:"Android [VER]",Sailfish:"Sailfish [VER]",BlackBerry:["BlackBerry[\\w]+/[VER]","BlackBerry.*Version/[VER]","Version/[VER]"],BREW:"BREW [VER]",Java:"Java/[VER]","Windows Phone OS":["Windows Phone OS [VER]","Windows Phone [VER]"],"Windows Phone":"Windows Phone [VER]","Windows CE":"Windows CE/[VER]","Windows NT":"Windows NT [VER]",Symbian:["SymbianOS/[VER]","Symbian/[VER]"],webOS:["webOS/[VER]","hpwOS/[VER];"]},utils:{Bot:"Googlebot|facebookexternalhit|Google-AMPHTML|s~amp-validator|AdsBot-Google|Google Keyword Suggestion|Facebot|YandexBot|YandexMobileBot|bingbot|ia_archiver|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|GSLFbot|WBSearchBot|Twitterbot|TweetmemeBot|Twikle|PaperLiBot|Wotbox|UnwindFetchor|Exabot|MJ12bot|YandexImages|TurnitinBot|Pingdom|contentkingapp|AspiegelBot",MobileBot:"Googlebot-Mobile|AdsBot-Google-Mobile|YahooSeeker/M1A1-R2D2",DesktopMode:"WPDesktop",TV:"SonyDTV|HbbTV",WebKit:"(webkit)[ /]([\\w.]+)",Console:"\\b(Nintendo|Nintendo WiiU|Nintendo 3DS|Nintendo Switch|PLAYSTATION|Xbox)\\b",Watch:"SM-V700"}},g.detectMobileBrowsers={fullPattern:/(android|bb\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series(4|6)0|symbian|treo|up\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows ce|xda|xiino/i, shortPattern:/1207|6310|6590|3gso|4thp|50[1-6]i|770s|802s|a wa|abac|ac(er|oo|s\-)|ai(ko|rn)|al(av|ca|co)|amoi|an(ex|ny|yw)|aptu|ar(ch|go)|as(te|us)|attw|au(di|\-m|r |s )|avan|be(ck|ll|nq)|bi(lb|rd)|bl(ac|az)|br(e|v)w|bumb|bw\-(n|u)|c55\/|capi|ccwa|cdm\-|cell|chtm|cldc|cmd\-|co(mp|nd)|craw|da(it|ll|ng)|dbte|dc\-s|devi|dica|dmob|do(c|p)o|ds(12|\-d)|el(49|ai)|em(l2|ul)|er(ic|k0)|esl8|ez([4-7]0|os|wa|ze)|fetc|fly(\-|_)|g1 u|g560|gene|gf\-5|g\-mo|go(\.w|od)|gr(ad|un)|haie|hcit|hd\-(m|p|t)|hei\-|hi(pt|ta)|hp( i|ip)|hs\-c|ht(c(\-| |_|a|g|p|s|t)|tp)|hu(aw|tc)|i\-(20|go|ma)|i230|iac( |\-|\/)|ibro|idea|ig01|ikom|im1k|inno|ipaq|iris|ja(t|v)a|jbro|jemu|jigs|kddi|keji|kgt( |\/)|klon|kpt |kwc\-|kyo(c|k)|le(no|xi)|lg( g|\/(k|l|u)|50|54|\-[a-w])|libw|lynx|m1\-w|m3ga|m50\/|ma(te|ui|xo)|mc(01|21|ca)|m\-cr|me(rc|ri)|mi(o8|oa|ts)|mmef|mo(01|02|bi|de|do|t(\-| |o|v)|zz)|mt(50|p1|v )|mwbp|mywa|n10[0-2]|n20[2-3]|n30(0|2)|n50(0|2|5)|n7(0(0|1)|10)|ne((c|m)\-|on|tf|wf|wg|wt)|nok(6|i)|nzph|o2im|op(ti|wv)|oran|owg1|p800|pan(a|d|t)|pdxg|pg(13|\-([1-8]|c))|phil|pire|pl(ay|uc)|pn\-2|po(ck|rt|se)|prox|psio|pt\-g|qa\-a|qc(07|12|21|32|60|\-[2-7]|i\-)|qtek|r380|r600|raks|rim9|ro(ve|zo)|s55\/|sa(ge|ma|mm|ms|ny|va)|sc(01|h\-|oo|p\-)|sdk\/|se(c(\-|0|1)|47|mc|nd|ri)|sgh\-|shar|sie(\-|m)|sk\-0|sl(45|id)|sm(al|ar|b3|it|t5)|so(ft|ny)|sp(01|h\-|v\-|v )|sy(01|mb)|t2(18|50)|t6(00|10|18)|ta(gt|lk)|tcl\-|tdg\-|tel(i|m)|tim\-|t\-mo|to(pl|sh)|ts(70|m\-|m3|m5)|tx\-9|up(\.b|g1|si)|utst|v400|v750|veri|vi(rg|te)|vk(40|5[0-3]|\-v)|vm40|voda|vulc|vx(52|53|60|61|70|80|81|83|85|98)|w3c(\-| )|webc|whit|wi(g |nc|nw)|wmlb|wonu|x700|yas\-|your|zeto|zte\-/i,tabletPattern:/android|ipad|playbook|silk/i};var h,i=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;return g.FALLBACK_PHONE="UnknownPhone",g.FALLBACK_TABLET="UnknownTablet",g.FALLBACK_MOBILE="UnknownMobile",h="isArray"in Array?Array.isArray:function(a){return"[object Array]"===Object.prototype.toString.call(a)},function(){var a,b,c,e,f,j,k=g.mobileDetectRules;for(a in k.props)if(i.call(k.props,a)){for(b=k.props[a],h(b)||(b=[b]),f=b.length,e=0;e<f;++e)c=b[e],j=c.indexOf("[VER]"),j>=0&&(c=c.substring(0,j)+"([\\w._\\+]+)"+c.substring(j+5)),b[e]=new RegExp(c,"i");k.props[a]=b}d(k.oss),d(k.phones),d(k.tablets),d(k.uas),d(k.utils),k.oss0={WindowsPhoneOS:k.oss.WindowsPhoneOS,WindowsMobileOS:k.oss.WindowsMobileOS}}(),g.findMatch=function(a,b){for(var c in a)if(i.call(a,c)&&a[c].test(b))return c;return null},g.findMatches=function(a,b){var c=[];for(var d in a)i.call(a,d)&&a[d].test(b)&&c.push(d);return c},g.getVersionStr=function(a,b){var c,d,e,f,h=g.mobileDetectRules.props;if(i.call(h,a))for(c=h[a],e=c.length,d=0;d<e;++d)if(f=c[d].exec(b),null!==f)return f[1];return null},g.getVersion=function(a,b){var c=g.getVersionStr(a,b);return c?g.prepareVersionNo(c):NaN},g.prepareVersionNo=function(a){var b;return b=a.split(/[a-z._ \/\-]/i),1===b.length&&(a=b[0]),b.length>1&&(a=b[0]+".",b.shift(),a+=b.join("")),Number(a)},g.isMobileFallback=function(a){return g.detectMobileBrowsers.fullPattern.test(a)||g.detectMobileBrowsers.shortPattern.test(a.substr(0,4))},g.isTabletFallback=function(a){return g.detectMobileBrowsers.tabletPattern.test(a)},g.prepareDetectionCache=function(a,c,d){if(a.mobile===b){var e,h,i;return(h=g.findMatch(g.mobileDetectRules.tablets,c))?(a.mobile=a.tablet=h,void(a.phone=null)):(e=g.findMatch(g.mobileDetectRules.phones,c))?(a.mobile=a.phone=e,void(a.tablet=null)):void(g.isMobileFallback(c)?(i=f.isPhoneSized(d),i===b?(a.mobile=g.FALLBACK_MOBILE,a.tablet=a.phone=null):i?(a.mobile=a.phone=g.FALLBACK_PHONE,a.tablet=null):(a.mobile=a.tablet=g.FALLBACK_TABLET,a.phone=null)):g.isTabletFallback(c)?(a.mobile=a.tablet=g.FALLBACK_TABLET,a.phone=null):a.mobile=a.tablet=a.phone=null)}},g.mobileGrade=function(a){var b=null!==a.mobile();return a.os("iOS")&&a.version("iPad")>=4.3||a.os("iOS")&&a.version("iPhone")>=3.1||a.os("iOS")&&a.version("iPod")>=3.1||a.version("Android")>2.1&&a.is("Webkit")||a.version("Windows Phone OS")>=7||a.is("BlackBerry")&&a.version("BlackBerry")>=6||a.match("Playbook.*Tablet")||a.version("webOS")>=1.4&&a.match("Palm|Pre|Pixi")||a.match("hp.*TouchPad")||a.is("Firefox")&&a.version("Firefox")>=12||a.is("Chrome")&&a.is("AndroidOS")&&a.version("Android")>=4||a.is("Skyfire")&&a.version("Skyfire")>=4.1&&a.is("AndroidOS")&&a.version("Android")>=2.3||a.is("Opera")&&a.version("Opera Mobi")>11&&a.is("AndroidOS")||a.is("MeeGoOS")||a.is("Tizen")||a.is("Dolfin")&&a.version("Bada")>=2||(a.is("UC Browser")||a.is("Dolfin"))&&a.version("Android")>=2.3||a.match("Kindle Fire")||a.is("Kindle")&&a.version("Kindle")>=3||a.is("AndroidOS")&&a.is("NookTablet")||a.version("Chrome")>=11&&!b||a.version("Safari")>=5&&!b||a.version("Firefox")>=4&&!b||a.version("MSIE")>=7&&!b||a.version("Opera")>=10&&!b?"A":a.os("iOS")&&a.version("iPad")<4.3||a.os("iOS")&&a.version("iPhone")<3.1||a.os("iOS")&&a.version("iPod")<3.1||a.is("Blackberry")&&a.version("BlackBerry")>=5&&a.version("BlackBerry")<6||a.version("Opera Mini")>=5&&a.version("Opera Mini")<=6.5&&(a.version("Android")>=2.3||a.is("iOS"))||a.match("NokiaN8|NokiaC7|N97.*Series60|Symbian/3")||a.version("Opera Mobi")>=11&&a.is("SymbianOS")?"B":(a.version("BlackBerry")<5||a.match("MSIEMobile|Windows CE.*Mobile")||a.version("Windows Mobile")<=5.2,"C")},g.detectOS=function(a){return g.findMatch(g.mobileDetectRules.oss0,a)||g.findMatch(g.mobileDetectRules.oss,a)},g.getDeviceSmallerSide=function(){return window.screen.width<window.screen.height?window.screen.width:window.screen.height},f.prototype={constructor:f,mobile:function(){return g.prepareDetectionCache(this._cache,this.ua,this.maxPhoneWidth),this._cache.mobile},phone:function(){return g.prepareDetectionCache(this._cache,this.ua,this.maxPhoneWidth),this._cache.phone},tablet:function(){return g.prepareDetectionCache(this._cache,this.ua,this.maxPhoneWidth),this._cache.tablet},userAgent:function(){return this._cache.userAgent===b&&(this._cache.userAgent=g.findMatch(g.mobileDetectRules.uas,this.ua)),this._cache.userAgent},userAgents:function(){return this._cache.userAgents===b&&(this._cache.userAgents=g.findMatches(g.mobileDetectRules.uas,this.ua)),this._cache.userAgents},os:function(){return this._cache.os===b&&(this._cache.os=g.detectOS(this.ua)),this._cache.os},version:function(a){return g.getVersion(a,this.ua)},versionStr:function(a){return g.getVersionStr(a,this.ua)},is:function(b){return c(this.userAgents(),b)||a(b,this.os())||a(b,this.phone())||a(b,this.tablet())||c(g.findMatches(g.mobileDetectRules.utils,this.ua),b)},match:function(a){return a instanceof RegExp||(a=new RegExp(a,"i")),a.test(this.ua)},isPhoneSized:function(a){return f.isPhoneSized(a||this.maxPhoneWidth)},mobileGrade:function(){return this._cache.grade===b&&(this._cache.grade=g.mobileGrade(this)),this._cache.grade}},"undefined"!=typeof window&&window.screen?f.isPhoneSized=function(a){return a<0?b:g.getDeviceSmallerSide()<=a}:f.isPhoneSized=function(){},f._impl=g,f.version="1.4.5 2021-03-13",f})}(function(a){if("undefined"!=typeof module&&module.exports)return function(a){module.exports=a()};if("function"==typeof define&&define.amd)return define;if("undefined"!=typeof window)return function(a){window.MobileDetect=a()};throw new Error("unknown environment")}());var ai_lists=!0,ai_block_class_def="code-block"; if("undefined"!=typeof ai_lists){function X(b,e){for(var p=[];b=b.previousElementSibling;)("undefined"==typeof e||b.matches(e))&&p.push(b);return p}function fa(b,e){for(var p=[];b=b.nextElementSibling;)("undefined"==typeof e||b.matches(e))&&p.push(b);return p}var host_regexp=RegExp(":\\/\\/(.[^/:]+)","i");function ha(b){b=b.match(host_regexp);return null!=b&&1<b.length&&"string"===typeof b[1]&&0<b[1].length?b[1].toLowerCase():null}function Q(b){return b.includes(":")?(b=b.split(":"),1E3*(3600*parseInt(b[0])+ 60*parseInt(b[1])+parseInt(b[2]))):null}function Y(b){try{var e=Date.parse(b);isNaN(e)&&(e=null)}catch(p){e=null}if(null==e&&b.includes(" ")){b=b.split(" ");try{e=Date.parse(b[0]),e+=Q(b[1]),isNaN(e)&&(e=null)}catch(p){e=null}}return e}function Z(){null==document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar")&&null==document.querySelector(".ai-list-manual")||"function"!=typeof __tcfapi||"function"!=typeof ai_load_blocks||"undefined"!=typeof ai_iab_tcf_callback_installed||(__tcfapi("addEventListener",2,function(b, e){e&&"useractioncomplete"===b.eventStatus&&(ai_tcData=b,ai_load_blocks(),b=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-status"),null!=b&&(b.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 DATA LOADED"),b=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar"),null!=b&&(b.classList.remove("status-error"),b.classList.add("status-ok")))}),ai_iab_tcf_callback_installed=!0)}ai_process_lists=function(b){function e(a,d,k){if(0==a.length){if("!@!"==k)return!0;d!=k&&("true"==k.toLowerCase()?k=!0:"false"==k.toLowerCase()&&(k=!1));return d==k}if("object"!= typeof d&&"array"!=typeof d)return!1;var l=a[0];a=a.slice(1);if("*"==l)for(let [,n]of Object.entries(d)){if(e(a,n,k))return!0}else if(l in d)return e(a,d[l],k);return!1}function p(a,d,k){if("object"!=typeof a||-1==d.indexOf("["))return!1;d=d.replace(/]| /gi,"").split("[");return e(d,a,k)}function z(){if("function"==typeof __tcfapi){var a=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-status"),d=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar");null!=a&&(a.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 DETECTED");__tcfapi("getTCData",2,function(k, l){l?(null!=d&&d.classList.add("status-ok"),"tcloaded"==k.eventStatus||"useractioncomplete"==k.eventStatus)?(ai_tcData=k,k.gdprApplies?null!=a&&(a.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 DATA LOADED"):null!=a&&(a.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 GDPR DOES NOT APPLY"),null!=d&&(d.classList.remove("status-error"),d.classList.add("status-ok")),setTimeout(function(){ai_process_lists()},10)):"cmpuishown"==k.eventStatus&&(ai_cmpuishown=!0,null!=a&&(a.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 CMP UI SHOWN"),null!=d&&(d.classList.remove("status-error"), d.classList.add("status-ok"))):(null!=a&&(a.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 __tcfapi getTCData failed"),null!=d&&(d.classList.remove("status-ok"),d.classList.add("status-error")))})}}function C(a){"function"==typeof __tcfapi?(ai_tcfapi_found=!0,"undefined"==typeof ai_iab_tcf_callback_installed&&Z(),"undefined"==typeof ai_tcData_requested&&(ai_tcData_requested=!0,z(),cookies_need_tcData=!0)):a&&("undefined"==typeof ai_tcfapi_found&&(ai_tcfapi_found=!1,setTimeout(function(){ai_process_lists()},10)),a=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-status"), null!=a&&(a.textContent="IAB TCF 2.0 MISSING: __tcfapi function not found"),a=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar"),null!=a&&(a.classList.remove("status-ok"),a.classList.add("status-error")))}if(null==b)b=document.querySelectorAll("div.ai-list-data, meta.ai-list-data");else{window.jQuery&&window.jQuery.fn&&b instanceof jQuery&&(b=Array.prototype.slice.call(b));var x=[];b.forEach((a,d)=>{a.matches(".ai-list-data")?x.push(a):(a=a.querySelectorAll(".ai-list-data"),a.length&&a.forEach((k,l)=>{x.push(k)}))}); b=x}if(b.length){b.forEach((a,d)=>{a.classList.remove("ai-list-data")});var L=ia(window.location.search);if(null!=L.referrer)var A=L.referrer;else A=document.referrer,""!=A&&(A=ha(A));var R=window.navigator.userAgent,S=R.toLowerCase(),aa=navigator.language,M=aa.toLowerCase();if("undefined"!==typeof MobileDetect)var ba=new MobileDetect(R);b.forEach((a,d)=>{var k=document.cookie.split(";");k.forEach(function(f,h){k[h]=f.trim()});d=a.closest("div."+ai_block_class_def);var l=!0;if(a.hasAttribute("referer-list")){var n= a.getAttribute("referer-list");n=b64d(n).split(",");var v=a.getAttribute("referer-list-type"),E=!1;n.every((f,h)=>{f=f.trim();if(""==f)return!0;if("*"==f.charAt(0))if("*"==f.charAt(f.length-1)){if(f=f.substr(1,f.length-2),-1!=A.indexOf(f))return E=!0,!1}else{if(f=f.substr(1),A.substr(-f.length)==f)return E=!0,!1}else if("*"==f.charAt(f.length-1)){if(f=f.substr(0,f.length-1),0==A.indexOf(f))return E=!0,!1}else if("#"==f){if(""==A)return E=!0,!1}else if(f==A)return E=!0,!1;return!0});var r=E;switch(v){case "B":r&& (l=!1);break;case "W":r||(l=!1)}}if(l&&a.hasAttribute("client-list")&&"undefined"!==typeof ba)switch(n=a.getAttribute("client-list"),n=b64d(n).split(","),v=a.getAttribute("client-list-type"),r=!1,n.every((f,h)=>{if(""==f.trim())return!0;f.split("&&").every((c,t)=>{t=!0;var w=!1;for(c=c.trim();"!!"==c.substring(0,2);)t=!t,c=c.substring(2);"language:"==c.substring(0,9)&&(w=!0,c=c.substring(9).toLowerCase());var q=!1;w?"*"==c.charAt(0)?"*"==c.charAt(c.length-1)?(c=c.substr(1,c.length-2).toLowerCase(), -1!=M.indexOf(c)&&(q=!0)):(c=c.substr(1).toLowerCase(),M.substr(-c.length)==c&&(q=!0)):"*"==c.charAt(c.length-1)?(c=c.substr(0,c.length-1).toLowerCase(),0==M.indexOf(c)&&(q=!0)):c==M&&(q=!0):"*"==c.charAt(0)?"*"==c.charAt(c.length-1)?(c=c.substr(1,c.length-2).toLowerCase(),-1!=S.indexOf(c)&&(q=!0)):(c=c.substr(1).toLowerCase(),S.substr(-c.length)==c&&(q=!0)):"*"==c.charAt(c.length-1)?(c=c.substr(0,c.length-1).toLowerCase(),0==S.indexOf(c)&&(q=!0)):ba.is(c)&&(q=!0);return(r=q?t:!t)?!0:!1});return r? !1:!0}),v){case "B":r&&(l=!1);break;case "W":r||(l=!1)}var N=n=!1;for(v=1;2>=v;v++)if(l){switch(v){case 1:var g=a.getAttribute("cookie-list");break;case 2:g=a.getAttribute("parameter-list")}if(null!=g){g=b64d(g);switch(v){case 1:var y=a.getAttribute("cookie-list-type");break;case 2:y=a.getAttribute("parameter-list-type")}g=g.replace("tcf-gdpr","tcf-v2[gdprApplies]=true");g=g.replace("tcf-no-gdpr","tcf-v2[gdprApplies]=false");g=g.replace("tcf-google","tcf-v2[vendor][consents][755]=true && tcf-v2[purpose][consents][1]=true"); g=g.replace("tcf-no-google","!!tcf-v2[vendor][consents][755]");g=g.replace("tcf-media.net","tcf-v2[vendor][consents][142]=true && tcf-v2[purpose][consents][1]=true");g=g.replace("tcf-no-media.net","!!tcf-v2[vendor][consents][142]");g=g.replace("tcf-amazon","tcf-v2[vendor][consents][793]=true && tcf-v2[purpose][consents][1]=true");g=g.replace("tcf-no-amazon","!!tcf-v2[vendor][consents][793]");g=g.replace("tcf-ezoic","tcf-v2[vendor][consents][347]=true && tcf-v2[purpose][consents][1]=true");g=g.replace("tcf-no-ezoic", "!!tcf-v2[vendor][consents][347]");var F=g.split(","),ca=[];k.forEach(function(f){f=f.split("=");try{var h=JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(f[1]))}catch(c){h=decodeURIComponent(f[1])}ca[f[0]]=h});r=!1;var I=a;F.every((f,h)=>{f.split("&&").every((c,t)=>{t=!0;for(c=c.trim();"!!"==c.substring(0,2);)t=!t,c=c.substring(2);var w=c,q="!@!",T="tcf-v2"==w&&"!@!"==q,B=-1!=c.indexOf("["),J=0==c.indexOf("tcf-v2")||0==c.indexOf("euconsent-v2");J=J&&(B||T);-1!=c.indexOf("=")&&(q=c.split("="),w=q[0],q=q[1],B=-1!=w.indexOf("["), J=(J=0==w.indexOf("tcf-v2")||0==w.indexOf("euconsent-v2"))&&(B||T));if(J)document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-status"),B=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar"),null!=B&&(B.style.display="block"),T&&"boolean"==typeof ai_tcfapi_found?r=ai_tcfapi_found?t:!t:"object"==typeof ai_tcData?(null!=B&&B.classList.add("status-ok"),w=w.replace(/]| /gi,"").split("["),w.shift(),r=(w=e(w,ai_tcData,q))?t:!t):"undefined"==typeof ai_tcfapi_found&&(I.classList.add("ai-list-data"),N=!0,"function"==typeof __tcfapi?C(!1): "undefined"==typeof ai_tcData_retrying&&(ai_tcData_retrying=!0,setTimeout(function(){"function"==typeof __tcfapi?C(!1):setTimeout(function(){"function"==typeof __tcfapi?C(!1):setTimeout(function(){C(!0)},3E3)},1E3)},600)));else if(B)r=(w=p(ca,w,q))?t:!t;else{var U=!1;"!@!"==q?k.every(function(ja){return ja.split("=")[0]==c?(U=!0,!1):!0}):U=-1!=k.indexOf(c);r=U?t:!t}return r?!0:!1});return r?!1:!0});r&&(N=!1,I.classList.remove("ai-list-data"));switch(y){case "B":r&&(l=!1);break;case "W":r||(l=!1)}}}a.classList.contains("ai-list-manual")&& (l?(I.classList.remove("ai-list-data"),I.classList.remove("ai-list-manual")):(n=!0,I.classList.add("ai-list-data")));(l||!n&&!N)&&a.hasAttribute("data-debug-info")&&(g=document.querySelector("."+a.dataset.debugInfo),null!=g&&(g=g.parentElement,null!=g&&g.classList.contains("ai-debug-info")&&g.remove()));y=X(a,".ai-debug-bar.ai-debug-lists");var ka=""==A?"#":A;0!=y.length&&y.forEach((f,h)=>{h=f.querySelector(".ai-debug-name.ai-list-info");null!=h&&(h.textContent=ka,h.title=R+"\n"+aa);h=f.querySelector(".ai-debug-name.ai-list-status"); null!=h&&(h.textContent=l?ai_front.visible:ai_front.hidden)});g=!1;if(l&&a.hasAttribute("scheduling-start")&&a.hasAttribute("scheduling-end")&&a.hasAttribute("scheduling-days")){var u=a.getAttribute("scheduling-start");v=a.getAttribute("scheduling-end");y=a.getAttribute("scheduling-days");g=!0;u=b64d(u);F=b64d(v);var V=parseInt(a.getAttribute("scheduling-fallback")),O=parseInt(a.getAttribute("gmt"));if(u.includes("-")||F.includes("-"))P=Y(u)+O,K=Y(F)+O;else var P=Q(u),K=Q(F);P??=0;K??=0;var W=b64d(y).split(","); y=a.getAttribute("scheduling-type");var D=(new Date).getTime()+O;v=new Date(D);var G=v.getDay();0==G?G=6:G--;u.includes("-")||F.includes("-")||(u=(new Date(v.getFullYear(),v.getMonth(),v.getDate())).getTime()+O,D-=u,0>D&&(D+=864E5));scheduling_start_date_ok=D>=P;scheduling_end_date_ok=0==K||D<K;u=scheduling_start_date_ok&&scheduling_end_date_ok&&W.includes(G.toString());switch(y){case "B":u=!u}u||(l=!1);var la=v.toISOString().split(".")[0].replace("T"," ");y=X(a,".ai-debug-bar.ai-debug-scheduling"); 0!=y.length&&y.forEach((f,h)=>{h=f.querySelector(".ai-debug-name.ai-scheduling-info");null!=h&&(h.textContent=la+" "+G+" current_time: "+Math.floor(D.toString()/1E3)+" start_date:"+Math.floor(P/1E3).toString()+"=>"+scheduling_start_date_ok.toString()+" end_date:"+Math.floor(K/1E3).toString()+"=>"+scheduling_end_date_ok.toString()+" days:"+W.toString()+"=>"+W.includes(G.toString()).toString());h=f.querySelector(".ai-debug-name.ai-scheduling-status");null!=h&&(h.textContent=l?ai_front.visible:ai_front.hidden); l||0==V||(f.classList.remove("ai-debug-scheduling"),f.classList.add("ai-debug-fallback"),h=f.querySelector(".ai-debug-name.ai-scheduling-status"),null!=h&&(h.textContent=ai_front.fallback+" = "+V))})}if(n||!l&&N)return!0;a.style.visibility="";a.style.position="";a.style.width="";a.style.height="";a.style.zIndex="";if(l){if(null!=d&&(d.style.visibility="",d.classList.contains("ai-remove-position")&&(d.style.position="")),a.hasAttribute("data-code")){n=b64d(a.dataset.code);u=document.createRange(); g=!0;try{H=u.createContextualFragment(n)}catch(f){g=!1}g&&(null!=a.closest("head")?(a.parentNode.insertBefore(H,a.nextSibling),a.remove()):a.append(H));da(a)}}else if(g&&!u&&0!=V){null!=d&&(d.style.visibility="",d.classList.contains("ai-remove-position")&&d.css({position:""}));n=fa(a,".ai-fallback");0!=n.length&&n.forEach((f,h)=>{f.classList.remove("ai-fallback")});if(a.hasAttribute("data-fallback-code")){n=b64d(a.dataset.fallbackCode);u=document.createRange();g=!0;try{var H=u.createContextualFragment(n)}catch(f){g= !1}g&&a.append(H);da(a)}else a.style.display="none",null!=d&&null==d.querySelector(".ai-debug-block")&&d.hasAttribute("style")&&-1==d.getAttribute("style").indexOf("height:")&&(d.style.display="none");null!=d&&d.hasAttribute("data-ai")&&(d.getAttribute("data-ai"),a.hasAttribute("fallback-tracking")&&(H=a.getAttribute("fallback-tracking"),d.setAttribute("data-ai-"+a.getAttribute("fallback_level"),H)))}else a.style.display="none",null!=d&&(d.removeAttribute("data-ai"),d.classList.remove("ai-track"), null!=d.querySelector(".ai-debug-block")?(d.style.visibility="",d.classList.remove("ai-close"),d.classList.contains("ai-remove-position")&&(d.style.position="")):d.hasAttribute("style")&&-1==d.getAttribute("style").indexOf("height:")&&(d.style.display="none"));a.setAttribute("data-code","");a.setAttribute("data-fallback-code","");null!=d&&d.classList.remove("ai-list-block")})}};function ea(b){b=`; ${document.cookie}`.split(`; ${b}=`);if(2===b.length)return b.pop().split(";").shift()}function ma(b, e,p){ea(b)&&(document.cookie=b+"="+(e?";path="+e:"")+(p?";domain="+p:"")+";expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT")}function m(b){ea(b)&&(ma(b,"/",window.location.hostname),document.cookie=b+"=; Path=/; Expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;")}(function(b){"complete"===document.readyState||"loading"!==document.readyState&&!document.documentElement.doScroll?b():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",b)})(function(){setTimeout(function(){ai_process_lists();setTimeout(function(){Z();if("function"== typeof ai_load_blocks){document.addEventListener("cmplzEnableScripts",e);document.addEventListener("cmplz_event_marketing",e);function e(p){"cmplzEnableScripts"!=p.type&&"all"!==p.consentLevel||ai_load_blocks()}}},50);var b=document.querySelector(".ai-debug-page-type");null!=b&&b.addEventListener("dblclick",e=>{e=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-status");null!=e&&(e.textContent="CONSENT COOKIES");e=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar");null!=e&&(e.style.display="block")});b=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-bar"); null!=b&&b.addEventListener("click",e=>{m("euconsent-v2");m("__lxG__consent__v2");m("__lxG__consent__v2_daisybit");m("__lxG__consent__v2_gdaisybit");m("CookieLawInfoConsent");m("cookielawinfo-checkbox-advertisement");m("cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics");m("cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary");m("complianz_policy_id");m("complianz_consent_status");m("cmplz_marketing");m("cmplz_consent_status");m("cmplz_preferences");m("cmplz_statistics-anonymous");m("cmplz_choice");m("cmplz_banner-status");m("cmplz_functional"); m("cmplz_policy_id");m("cmplz_statistics");m("moove_gdpr_popup");m("real_cookie_banner-blog:1-tcf");m("real_cookie_banner-blog:1");e=document.querySelector("#ai-iab-tcf-status");null!=e&&(e.textContent="CONSENT COOKIES DELETED")})},5)});function da(b){setTimeout(function(){"function"==typeof ai_process_rotations_in_element&&ai_process_rotations_in_element(b);"function"==typeof ai_process_lists&&ai_process_lists();"function"==typeof ai_process_ip_addresses&&ai_process_ip_addresses();"function"==typeof ai_process_filter_hooks&& ai_process_filter_hooks();"function"==typeof ai_adb_process_blocks&&ai_adb_process_blocks(b);"function"==typeof ai_process_impressions&&1==ai_tracking_finished&&ai_process_impressions();"function"==typeof ai_install_click_trackers&&1==ai_tracking_finished&&ai_install_click_trackers();"function"==typeof ai_install_close_buttons&&ai_install_close_buttons(document)},5)}function ia(b){var e=b?b.split("?")[1]:window.location.search.slice(1);b={};if(e){e=e.split("#")[0];e=e.split("&");for(var p=0;p<e.length;p++){var z= e[p].split("="),C=void 0,x=z[0].replace(/\[\d*\]/,function(L){C=L.slice(1,-1);return""});z="undefined"===typeof z[1]?"":z[1];x=x.toLowerCase();z=z.toLowerCase();b[x]?("string"===typeof b[x]&&(b[x]=[b[x]]),"undefined"===typeof C?b[x].push(z):b[x][C]=z):b[x]=z}}return b}}; ai_js_code = true; </script> </body> </html>