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Javaid</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Haroon Javaid"> <meta name="keywords" content="Haroon Javaid"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Haroon Javaid"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 46</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Haroon Javaid</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Design of Single Phase Smart Energy Meter and Grid Tied Inverter for Smart Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Arif">Hamza Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Javaid"> Haroon Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on hybrid energy concept of smart grid to synchronize and monitor power being generated at the user end. The ATMEGA328p controller of arduino is used as a processor unit that sends wireless data between user and power utility through NRF24L01 wireless modules. Current and potential transformer circuit are designed to sense the voltage and current at the utility and power being generated at the user end through solar panel. They are designed to interface with the arduino. The approach is used to demonstrate the concept of smart grid and to facilitate for further advancements in the field of smart grid technology. A PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technique is used to synchronize the user output power with the utility supplier. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title="smart grid">smart grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20energy" title=" hybrid energy"> hybrid energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20tied%20inverter" title=" grid tied inverter"> grid tied inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PWM" title=" PWM"> PWM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192593/design-of-single-phase-smart-energy-meter-and-grid-tied-inverter-for-smart-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Precise CNC Machine for Multi-Tasking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Jan%20Khan">Haroon Jan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian-Feng%20Xu"> Xian-Feng Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Nasir%20Shah"> Syed Nasir Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anooshay%20Niazi"> Anooshay Niazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CNC machines are not only used on a large scale but also now become a prominent necessity among households and smaller businesses. Printed Circuit Boards manufactured by the chemical process are not only risky and unsafe but also expensive and time-consuming. A 3-axis precise CNC machine has been developed, which not only fabricates PCB but has also been used for multi-tasks just by changing the materials used and tools, making it versatile. The advanced CNC machine takes data from CAM software. The TB-6560 controller is used in the CNC machine to adjust variation in the X, Y, and Z axes. The advanced machine is efficient in automatic drilling, engraving, and cutting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNC" title="CNC">CNC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G-code" title=" G-code"> G-code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD" title=" CAD"> CAD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAM" title=" CAM"> CAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Proteus" title=" Proteus"> Proteus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLATCAM" title=" FLATCAM"> FLATCAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Easel" title=" Easel"> Easel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174065/precise-cnc-machine-for-multi-tasking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Future Trends of Mechatronics Engineering in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aqeela%20Mir">Aqeela Mir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akhtar%20Nawaz%20Malik"> Akhtar Nawaz Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javaid%20Iqbal"> Javaid Iqbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a survey based approach in order to observe the level of awareness regarding Mechatronics in society of Pakistan and the factors affecting the future development trend of Mechatronics in Pakistan. With the help of these surveys a new direction for making a Mathematical model for the future development trend of Mechatronics in Pakistan is also suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechatronics%20society%20survey" title="mechatronics society survey">mechatronics society survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20development%20trend%20of%20mechatronics%20in%20pakistan" title=" future development trend of mechatronics in pakistan"> future development trend of mechatronics in pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20estimation" title=" probability estimation"> probability estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35089/future-trends-of-mechatronics-engineering-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Impact of Personality on Vengeance and Forgiveness in Young Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marium%20Javaid%20Bajwa">Marium Javaid Bajwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruhi%20Khalid"> Ruhi Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to identify personality traits that affect vengeful and forgiving behavior among people. Big Five Personality Inventory, Vengeance Scale and Trait Forgiveness Scale were administered to 159 male and female students to have a base-line data for the study. Overall, agreeableness trait predicted forgiveness. Vengeance showed significant negative relation with agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. Whereas Independent T-test indicated that personality traits plays crucial role in determining vengeful and forgiving behaviors in contrast to gender in young adults. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title="personality">personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traits" title=" traits"> traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vengeance" title=" vengeance"> vengeance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forgiveness" title=" forgiveness"> forgiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27840/impact-of-personality-on-vengeance-and-forgiveness-in-young-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Design and Control of an Integrated Plant for Simultaneous Production of γ-Butyrolactone and 2-Methyl Furan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahtesham%20Javaid">Ahtesham Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Costin%20S.%20Bildea"> Costin S. Bildea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design and plantwide control of an integrated plant where the endothermic 1,4-butanediol dehydrogenation and the exothermic furfural hydrogenation is simultaneously performed in a single reactor is studied. The reactions can be carried out in an adiabatic reactor using small hydrogen excess and with reduced parameter sensitivity. The plant is robust and flexible enough to allow different production rates of γ-butyrolactone and 2-methyl furan, keeping high product purities. Rigorous steady state and dynamic simulations performed in AspenPlus and AspenDynamics to support the conclusions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehydrogenation%20and%20hydrogenation" title="dehydrogenation and hydrogenation">dehydrogenation and hydrogenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20coupling" title=" reaction coupling"> reaction coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20and%20control" title=" design and control"> design and control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20integration" title=" process integration"> process integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15414/design-and-control-of-an-integrated-plant-for-simultaneous-production-of-gh-butyrolactone-and-2-methyl-furan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> The Impact of Indigenous Architecture and the Origin of Tomb Architecture in Indian Sub-Continent: A Case Study of the Tombs of Muhmmad B. Haroon, Saif-Ud-Daula Mahmud, Khalid Walid and Sultan Ghari; An Appraisal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tauqeer%20Ahmad">Tauqeer Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A lot of literature have been produced addressing the problem of origin and development of tomb architecture in Pakistan and India. In this attempt, the author would address this problem in the Indian prospective. Particularly, the impact of indigenous architecture would be analyzed in this research paper. As we observe that on early Muslim tombs in Indian sub-continent, to large extent, were contributed in term of architecture by local masons. So far as the material used in these early tombs is concerned was also picked from Indian tradition according to the availability and the local traditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khitti%20Chor" title="Khitti Chor">Khitti Chor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomb%20of%20Sultan%20Ghari" title=" tomb of Sultan Ghari"> tomb of Sultan Ghari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomb%20at%20Zairan" title=" tomb at Zairan"> tomb at Zairan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lasbela" title=" Lasbela "> Lasbela </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39124/the-impact-of-indigenous-architecture-and-the-origin-of-tomb-architecture-in-indian-sub-continent-a-case-study-of-the-tombs-of-muhmmad-b-haroon-saif-ud-daula-mahmud-khalid-walid-and-sultan-ghari-an-appraisal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Variation in Adaptation Strategies of Commelina Communis L. Biotypes under Drought Stress Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Haroon">Muhammad Haroon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LI%20Xiangju"> LI Xiangju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> C. communis L. is an important weed of many crop, but very little information about the adaptation strategies of C. communis L. biotypes under drought stress. We investigated five biotypes of C. communis L under drought stress to identify the adaptation mechanism. The expression of drought stress related genes (DRS1, EREB and HRB1) was up-regulated in biotypes, while in some biotypes their expression was down regulated. All five biotypes can thus regulate water balance to consume less water to maintain their status under drought stress condition. This result concluded that C. communis L. biotypes can survive longer under drought stress condition. Weed scientist should seek more effective management strategies to deal with C. communis L. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20communis" title="C. communis">C. communis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotypes" title=" biotypes"> biotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought%20stress" title=" drought stress"> drought stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression "> gene expression </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128956/variation-in-adaptation-strategies-of-commelina-communis-l-biotypes-under-drought-stress-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Analytical Study Of Holographic Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals Using Finite Difference Time Domain Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20R.%20Mohamad">N. R. Mohamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ono"> H. Ono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Haroon"> H. Haroon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Salleh"> A. Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Z.%20Hashim"> N. M. Z. Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, we have studied and analyzed the modulation of light and liquid crystal in HPDLCs using Finite Domain Time Difference (FDTD) method. HPDLCs are modeled as a mixture of polymer and liquid crystals (LCs) that categorized as an anisotropic medium. FDTD method is directly solves Maxwell’s equation with less approximation, so this method can analyze more flexible and general approach for the arbitrary anisotropic media. As the results from FDTD simulation, the highest diffraction efficiency occurred at ±19 degrees (Bragg angle) using p polarization incident beam to Bragg grating, Q > 10 when the pitch is 1µm. Therefore, the liquid crystal is assumed to be aligned parallel to the grating constant vector during these parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=birefringence" title="birefringence">birefringence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffraction%20efficiency" title=" diffraction efficiency"> diffraction efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20domain%20time%20difference" title=" finite domain time difference"> finite domain time difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nematic%20liquid%20crystals" title=" nematic liquid crystals"> nematic liquid crystals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36230/analytical-study-of-holographic-polymer-dispersed-liquid-crystals-using-finite-difference-time-domain-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> End to End Monitoring in Oracle Fusion Middleware for Data Verification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Kashif%20Ali">Syed Kashif Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Javaid"> Usman Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Chohan"> Abdullah Chohan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In large enterprises multiple departments use different sort of information systems and databases according to their needs. These systems are independent and heterogeneous in nature and sharing information/data between these systems is not an easy task. The usage of middleware technologies have made data sharing between systems very easy. However, monitoring the exchange of data/information for verification purposes between target and source systems is often complex or impossible for maintenance department due to security/access privileges on target and source systems. In this paper, we are intended to present our experience of an end to end data monitoring approach at middle ware level implemented in Oracle BPEL for data verification without any help of monitoring tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20level%20agreement" title="service level agreement">service level agreement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOA" title=" SOA"> SOA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BPEL" title=" BPEL"> BPEL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oracle%20fusion%20middleware" title=" oracle fusion middleware"> oracle fusion middleware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20service%20monitoring" title=" web service monitoring"> web service monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18853/end-to-end-monitoring-in-oracle-fusion-middleware-for-data-verification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Numerical Modelling of Effective Diffusivity in Bone Tissue Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Sohail">Ayesha Sohail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadija%20Maqbool"> Khadija Maqbool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anila%20Asif"> Anila Asif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Ahmad"> Haroon Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of tissue engineering is an active area of research. Bone tissue engineering helps to resolve the clinical problems of critical size and non-healing defects by the creation of man-made bone tissue. We will design and validate an efficient numerical model, which will simulate the effective diffusivity in bone tissue engineering. Our numerical model will be based on the finite element analysis of the diffusion-reaction equations. It will have the ability to optimize the diffusivity, even at multi-scale, with the variation of time. It will also have a special feature, with which we will not only be able to predict the oxygen, glucose and cell density dynamics, more accurately, but will also sort the issues arising due to anisotropy. We will fix these problems with the help of modifying the governing equations, by selecting appropriate spatio-temporal finite element schemes, by adaptive grid refinement strategy and by transient analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffolds" title="scaffolds">scaffolds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20analysis" title=" transient analysis"> transient analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18702/numerical-modelling-of-effective-diffusivity-in-bone-tissue-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">541</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Enhancing the Dyeability and Performance of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate with Hyperbranched Polyester</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Abdelrahman%20Mohamed%20Saeed">Haroon Abdelrahman Mohamed Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongjun%20Yang"> Hongjun Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to examine the impact of hyperbranched polyester (AA-Ph) on the dyeability and color fastness of recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate) (RPET) fabric. AA-Ph was synthesized through single-step melt polycondensation of adipic acid (AA) and phloroglucinol (Ph) and then incorporated into RPET before spinning. The addition of AA-Ph significantly improves the dye uptake of recycled PET when dyed with disperse dye blue 56 due to the introduction of polar groups and aromatic rings. The blends RPET-3 and RPET-5 show strong abrasion resistance, dyeability, and washing fastness. Furthermore, these blends exhibit high moisture absorbance owing to the polar groups and aromatic structures, as demonstrated by exhaustion tests, which enhance perspiration absorption for added comfort in apparel. Overall, RPET-3 and RPET-5 blends are well-suited for various textile applications, especially in garment manufacturing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20poly%20%28ethylene%20terephthalate%29" title="recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate)">recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperbranched%20polyester" title=" hyperbranched polyester"> hyperbranched polyester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyeability" title=" dyeability"> dyeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20blue" title=" dye blue"> dye blue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194927/enhancing-the-dyeability-and-performance-of-recycled-polyethylene-terephthalate-with-hyperbranched-polyester" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Evidence on Scale Economies in National Bank of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20Zafar">Sohail Zafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sardar%20Javaid%20Iqbal%20Khan"> Sardar Javaid Iqbal Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We use a parametric approach within a translog cost function framework to estimate the economies of scale in National Bank of Pakistan from 1997 to 2013. The results indicate significant economies of scale throughout the sample at aggregates and disaggregates taking in account size subject to stipulation ownership. The factor markets often produce scale inefficiencies in the banking of developing countries like Pakistan such inefficiencies are common due to distortion in factor markets leading to the use of inappropriate factor proportions. The findings suggest that National Bank of Pakistan diversify their asset portfolios that it has cost advantage, therefore, expansion in size should be encouraged under current technology because it appears to be cost effective. In addition, our findings support the implementation of universal banking model in Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale%20economies" title="scale economies">scale economies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20function" title=" cost function"> cost function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaggregates" title=" disaggregates"> disaggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregates" title=" aggregates"> aggregates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51294/evidence-on-scale-economies-in-national-bank-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Relationship of Workplace Stress and Mental Wellbeing among Health Professionals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Mushtaq">Rabia Mushtaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uroosa%20Javaid"> Uroosa Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been observed that health professionals are at higher danger of stress in light of the fact that being a specialist is physically and emotionally demanding. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between workplace stress and mental wellbeing among health professionals. Sample of 120 male and female health professionals belonging to two age groups, i.e., early adulthood and middle adulthood, was employed through purposive sampling technique. Job stress scale, mindful attention awareness scale, and Warwick Edinburgh mental wellbeing scales were used for the measurement of study variables. Results of the study indicated that job stress has a significant negative relationship with mental wellbeing among health professionals. The current study opened the door for more exploratory work on mindfulness among health professionals. Yielding outcomes helped in consolidating adapting procedures among workers to improve their mental wellbeing and lessen the job stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20professionals" title="health professionals">health professionals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20stress" title=" job stress"> job stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20wellbeing" title=" mental wellbeing"> mental wellbeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mindfulness" title=" mindfulness"> mindfulness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105129/relationship-of-workplace-stress-and-mental-wellbeing-among-health-professionals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Factors Determining the Purchasing Intentions towards Online Shopping: An Evidence from Twin Cities of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waiz">Muhammad Waiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Maruf%20Tahir"> Rana Maruf Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Javaid"> Fatima Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technology in the recent times is available for everyone in the world that no one is left behind. After getting technology into our daily routine, there is a need to study the different factors regarding online shopping. This study examines the impact of online reviews, mobile shopping and computer literacy on online purchasing intention. The sample size was 200 from which 167 complete questionnaires were collected from students and employees of twin cities. SPSS programming software was used to analyze the impact of different factors on purchasing intention. The results of this study showed that those websites which have good ratings and have online shopping application will attract more customers towards them whereas the results showed that the computer literacy has no impact on online purchasing intention. Findings may help for those who want to increase their sales or to start a new online business. Future research, limitations, and implications are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20literacy" title="computer literacy">computer literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20shopping" title=" mobile shopping"> mobile shopping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20purchase%20intention" title=" online purchase intention"> online purchase intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20reviews" title=" online reviews"> online reviews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20planned%20behavior" title=" theory of planned behavior"> theory of planned behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88469/factors-determining-the-purchasing-intentions-towards-online-shopping-an-evidence-from-twin-cities-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> A Review of Technology Roadmaps for Commercialization of Solar Photovoltaic Energy Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Usman%20Sardar">Muhammad Usman Sardar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Haroon%20Nadeem"> Muhammad Haroon Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahbaz%20Ahmad"> Shahbaz Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashiq%20Hussain"> Ashiq Hussain </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The marketing of solar photovoltaic energy systems has one of the monetary settlements to address the higher rate to pay in advance with the purchase of two decades worth of electricity services. To deploy solar photovoltaic technologies and energy setups in areas, it’s important to create a system of credit that can ensure the availability of subsidized capital and commercial conditions for the society. Meanings of energy in developing countries like Pakistan were strongly prompted by marketable interests and industrialization trend influences within their culture. It’s going to be essential to prepare the concerned proceeding models of energy development strategies. This paper discuss the impact and share of environmental friendly solar photo-voltaic energy, researching to find the most appropriate alternate solutions for balance the energy demand and supply and current progressive position in different countries regarding to development and deployment. Based on the literature reviews, its presence found that most beneficial and concerning policies have implemented in several countries around the globe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20marketing%20and%20pricing" title="photovoltaic marketing and pricing">photovoltaic marketing and pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy%20technology" title=" renewable energy technology"> renewable energy technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20photovoltaic" title=" solar photovoltaic"> solar photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPV" title=" SPV"> SPV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15765/a-review-of-technology-roadmaps-for-commercialization-of-solar-photovoltaic-energy-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Rutin in Cheddar Cheese</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Jamshaid%20Qazi">Haroon Jamshaid Qazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namrah%20Wahid"> Namrah Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanaullah%20Iqbal"> Sanaullah Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheel%20Suleman"> Raheel Suleman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Rutin in cheddar cheese. The study was conducted by adding the Rutin in the cheddar cheese in different concentrations according to experimental design, i.e., T1 (20 ppm Rutin), T2 (40 ppm Rutin), T3 (60 ppm Rutin), T4 (80 ppm Rutin). BHT was taken as a positive control at a concentration of 200 ppm, and negative control had neither Rutin nor BHT. The ripening time for cheeses was 90 days at a temperature of 8°C. The results of the various antioxidants assays (Total phenolic contents (TPC) and Antioxidant activity (AA), with storage stability tests (Anisidine value (AV) and Thiobarbituric acid value (TBARS)) performed during different storage intervals 0, 30, 60 and 90 days exhibited that AA in linoleic acid and TPC were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by the addition of rutin to cheese at all concentrations. Moreover, significant reduction in the TBARS values was also observed during the storage period. Rutin also showed a good potential to inhibit the microbial proliferation in the treated samples of cheese. There was a significant decreasing trend seen in total plate count and yeasts and molds count. The sensorial attributes i.e., color, flavor, odor and overall acceptability were increased after adding Rutin to cheddar cheese. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cheddar%20cheese" title="cheddar cheese">cheddar cheese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rutin" title=" Rutin"> Rutin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title=" antimicrobial"> antimicrobial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83555/evaluation-of-antioxidant-and-antimicrobial-potential-of-rutin-in-cheddar-cheese" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Analysis of Wire Coating for Heat Transfer Flow of a Viscoelastic PTT Fluid with Slip Boundary Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehan%20Ali%20Shah">Rehan Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Siddiqui"> A. M. Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Haroon"> T. Haroon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slip boundary value problem in wire coating analysis with heat transfer is examined. The fluid is assumed to be viscoelastic PTT (Phan-Thien and Tanner). The rheological constitutive equation of PTT fluid model simulates various polymer melts. Therefore, the current consequences are valuable in a number of realistic situations. Effects of slip parameter γ as well as εDec^2 (viscoelastic index) on the axial velocity, shear stress, normal stress, average velocity, volume flux, thickness of coated wire, shear stress, force on the total wire and temperature distribution profiles have been investigated. A new direction is explored to analyze the flow with the slip parameter. The slippage at the boundaries plays an important role in thickness of coated wire. It is noted that as the slip parameter increases the flow rate and thickness of coated wire increases while, temperature distribution decreases. The results reduce to no slip when the slip parameter is vanished. Furthermore, we can obtain the results for Maxwell and viscous model by setting ε and λ equal to zero respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wire%20coating" title="wire coating">wire coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=straight%20annular%20die" title=" straight annular die"> straight annular die</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTT%20fluid" title=" PTT fluid"> PTT fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20boundary%20conditions" title=" slip boundary conditions"> slip boundary conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42279/analysis-of-wire-coating-for-heat-transfer-flow-of-a-viscoelastic-ptt-fluid-with-slip-boundary-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Maturity Transformation Risk Factors in Islamic Banking: An Implication of Basel III Liquidity Regulations </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Mahmood">Haroon Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Gan"> Christopher Gan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cuong%20Nguyen"> Cuong Nguyen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maturity transformation risk is highlighted as one of the major causes of recent global financial crisis. Basel III has proposed new liquidity regulations for transformation function of banks and hence to monitor this risk. Specifically, net stable funding ratio (NSFR) is introduced to enhance medium- and long-term resilience against liquidity shocks. Islamic banking is widely accepted in many parts of the world and contributes to a significant portion of the financial sector in many countries. Using a dataset of 68 fully fledged Islamic banks from 11 different countries, over a period from 2005 – 2014, this study has attempted to analyze various factors that may significantly affect the maturity transformation risk in these banks. We utilize 2-step system GMM estimation technique on unbalanced panel and find bank capital, credit risk, financing, size and market power are most significant among the bank specific factors. Also, gross domestic product and inflation are the significant macro-economic factors influencing this risk. However, bank profitability, asset efficiency, and income diversity are found insignificant in determining the maturity transformation risk in Islamic banking model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basel%20III" title="Basel III">Basel III</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20banking" title=" Islamic banking"> Islamic banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maturity%20transformation%20risk" title=" maturity transformation risk"> maturity transformation risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=net%20stable%20funding%20ratio" title=" net stable funding ratio"> net stable funding ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57335/maturity-transformation-risk-factors-in-islamic-banking-an-implication-of-basel-iii-liquidity-regulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Dissimilar Al/Cu Foil Single Lap Joints Made by Composite Metal Foil Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javaid%20Butt">Javaid Butt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtom%20Mebrahtu"> Habtom Mebrahtu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Shirvani"> Hassan Shirvani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a new additive manufacturing process for the production of metal and composite parts. It is termed as composite metal foil manufacturing and is a combination of laminated object manufacturing and brazing techniques. The process has been described in detail and is being used to produce dissimilar aluminum to copper foil single lap joints. A three dimensional finite element model has been developed to study the thermo-mechanical characteristics of the dissimilar Al/Cu single lap joint. The effects of thermal stress and strain have been analyzed by carrying out transient thermal analysis on the heated plates used to join the two 0.1mm thin metal foils. Tensile test has been carried out on the foils before joining and after the single Al/Cu lap joints are made, they are subjected to tensile lap-shear test to analyze the effect of heat on the foils. The analyses are designed to assess the mechanical integrity of the foils after the brazing process and understand whether or not the heat treatment has an effect on the fracture modes of the produced specimens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brazing" title="brazing">brazing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminated%20object%20manufacturing" title=" laminated object manufacturing"> laminated object manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20lap-shear%20test" title=" tensile lap-shear test"> tensile lap-shear test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-mechanical%20analysis" title=" thermo-mechanical analysis"> thermo-mechanical analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42202/thermo-mechanical-analysis-of-dissimilar-alcu-foil-single-lap-joints-made-by-composite-metal-foil-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> A Model for Solid Transportation Problem with Three Hierarchical Objectives under Uncertain Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajahat%20Ali">Wajahat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakeel%20Javaid"> Shakeel Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we have developed a mathematical programming model for a solid transportation problem with three objective functions arranged in hierarchical order. The mathematical programming models with more than one objective function to be solved in hierarchical order is termed as a multi-level programming model. Our study explores a Multi-Level Solid Transportation Problem with Uncertain Parameters (MLSTPWU). The proposed MLSTPWU model consists of three objective functions, viz. minimization of transportation cost, minimization of total transportation time, and minimization of deterioration during transportation. These three objective functions are supposed to be solved by decision-makers at three consecutive levels. Three constraint functions are added to the model, restricting the total availability, total demand, and capacity of modes of transportation. All the parameters involved in the model are assumed to be uncertain in nature. A solution method based on fuzzy logic is also discussed to obtain the compromise solution for the proposed model. Further, a simulated numerical example is discussed to establish the efficiency and applicability of the proposed model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20transportation%20problem" title="solid transportation problem">solid transportation problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-level%20programming" title=" multi-level programming"> multi-level programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertain%20variable" title=" uncertain variable"> uncertain variable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertain%20environment" title=" uncertain environment"> uncertain environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162056/a-model-for-solid-transportation-problem-with-three-hierarchical-objectives-under-uncertain-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Efficacy of Microbial Metabolites Obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as Supplement for Quality Milk Production in Dairy Cows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20ur%20Rahman">Sajjad ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Azam"> Mariam Azam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukarram%20Bashir"> Mukarram Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemal%20Javaid"> Seemal Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aoun%20Muhammad"> Aoun Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tahir"> Muhammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad"> Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khan"> Hannan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zohaib"> Muhammad Zohaib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Partially fermented soya hulls and wheat bran through Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) substantiated as a natural source for quality milk production. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) were grown under in-vivo conditions and processed through two-step fermentation with substrates. The extra pure metabolites (XPM) were dried and processed for maintaining 1mm mesh size particles for supplementation of pelleted feed. Two groups of a cow (Holstein Friesian) having 8 animals of similar age and lactation were given the experimental concentrates. Group A was fed daily with 12gm of XPM and 22% protein-pelleted feed, while Group B was provided with no metabolites in their feed. In thirty-nine days of trial, improvement in the overall health, body score, milk protein, milk fat, ash, and solid not fat (SNF), yield, and incidence rate of mastitis was observed. The collected data revealed an improvement in milk production of 2.02 liter/h/d. However, a reduction (3.75%) in the milk fats and an increase in the milk SNF was around 0.58%. The ash content ranged between 6.4-7.5%. The incidence of mastitis was reduced to less than 2%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20metabolites" title="microbial metabolites">microbial metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae" title=" Saccharomyces cerevisiae"> Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20production" title=" milk production"> milk production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-biotic%20metabolites" title=" post-biotic metabolites"> post-biotic metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunity" title=" immunity"> immunity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165949/efficacy-of-microbial-metabolites-obtained-from-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-as-supplement-for-quality-milk-production-in-dairy-cows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Sustainable Improvement in Soil Properties and Maize Performance by Organic Fertilizers at Different Levels </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Iqbal">Shahid Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Z.%20Khan"> Haroon Z. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Arif"> Muhammad Arif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A sustainable agricultural system involving the improvement in soil properties and crop performance cannot be developed without organic fertilizer use. The effects of poultry manure compost (PMC) and pressmud compost (PrMC) at different levels on improving the soil properties and maize performance has not been yet described by any study comprehensively. Thus, field experiments (2011 and 2012) were conducted at Agronomy Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (31°26'5" N and 73°4'6" E) in sandy loam soil to determine the improvement in soil properties and maize performance due to application of PMC and PrMC each at five different levels (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha-1). A control (unamended) treatment was also included for comparison. The results indicated that performance of PMC levels was superior to PrMC levels. Increasing both composts levels improved soil properties, maize growth, and stover yield. Results showed that during both years’ highest rates of PMC i.e. 10 and 8 t ha-1 improved the soil properties: ECe, pH, inorganic N, OM, and WHC higher than other treatments. While, 10 and 8 t PMC ha-1 also significantly increased leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR), and stover yield. Similarly, 10 and 8 t PMC ha-1 also improved the grain protein content, but contrarily, grain oil was lowest for 10 and 8 t ha-1 PMC during both years. Moreover, in both years highest gross and net income, and benefit cost ratio was also achieved by 10 and 8 t ha-1 PMC. It is concluded that PMC at rate of 10 and 8 t ha-1 sustainably improved soil properties and maize performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compost" title="compost">compost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize" title=" maize"> maize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38623/sustainable-improvement-in-soil-properties-and-maize-performance-by-organic-fertilizers-at-different-levels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> The Long-Run Impact of Financial Development on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in India: An Application of Regime Shift Based Cointegration Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javaid%20Ahmad%20Dar">Javaid Ahmad Dar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Asif"> Mohammad Asif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigates the long-run impact of financial development, energy consumption and economic growth on greenhouse gas emissions for India, in presence of endogenous structural breaks, over a period of 1971-2013. Autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing procedure and Hatemi-J threshold cointegration technique have been used to test the variables for cointegration. ARDL bounds test did not confirm any cointegrating relationship between the variables. The threshold cointegration test establishes the presence of long-run impact of financial development, energy use and economic growth on greenhouse gas emissions in India. The results reveal that the long-run relationship between the variables has witnessed two regime shifts, in 1978 and 2002. The empirical evidence shows that financial sector development and energy consumption in India degrade environment. Unlike previous studies, this paper finds no statistical evidence of long-run relationship between economic growth and environmental deterioration. The study also challenges the existence of environmental Kuznets curve in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cointegration" title="cointegration">cointegration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20development" title=" financial development"> financial development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title=" global warming"> global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenhouse%20gas%20emissions" title=" greenhouse gas emissions"> greenhouse gas emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regime%20shift" title=" regime shift"> regime shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unit%20root" title=" unit root"> unit root</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68533/the-long-run-impact-of-financial-development-on-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-india-an-application-of-regime-shift-based-cointegration-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Clarification of Taxonomic Confusions among Adulterated Drugs Coffee Seena and Seena Weed through Systematic and Pharmaceutical Markers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabnum%20Shaheen">Shabnum Shaheen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nida%20Haroon"> Nida Haroon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Khan"> Farah Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumera%20Javad"> Sumera Javad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehreen%20Jalal"> Mehreen Jalal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samina%20Sarwar"> Samina Sarwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coffee Senna is pharmaceutically very important and used for multiple health disorders such as gastric pains, indigestion, snakebites, asthma and fever, tuberculosis and menstrual problems. However, its immense medicinal value and great demand lead to adulteration issue which could be injurious for users. Some times its adulterant Seena weed (Senna occidentalis L.) is used as its substitute which definitely not as effective as Coffee Senna. Hence, the present study was undertaken to provide some tools for systematic and pharmaceutical authentication of a shrubby plant Coffee Senna (Cassia occidentalis Linn.). These parameters included macro and micro morphological characters, anatomical and palynomorph characterization, solubility, fluorescence and phytochemical analysis. By the application of these parameters acquired results revealed that, these two plants are distinct from each other. The Coffee Seena was found to be an annual shrub with trilobed pollen, diacytic, paracytic and anisocytic stomata whereas the Seena weed stands out as an annual or perennial herb with spheroidal and circular pollen and paracytic type of stomata. The powdered drug of Coffee seena is dark grayish green whereas the powdered drug of Seena weed is light green in color. These findings are constructive in authentic identification of these plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coffee%20senna" title="coffee senna">coffee senna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Senna%20weed" title=" Senna weed"> Senna weed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxonomic%20evaluation" title=" taxonomic evaluation"> taxonomic evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20markers" title=" pharmaceutical markers"> pharmaceutical markers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47696/clarification-of-taxonomic-confusions-among-adulterated-drugs-coffee-seena-and-seena-weed-through-systematic-and-pharmaceutical-markers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Efficiency of Microbial Metabolites on Quality Milk Production in Nili Ravi Breed of Buffalos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Ur%20Rahman">Sajjad Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tahir"> Muhammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukarram%20Bashir"> Mukarram Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad"> Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aoun%20Muhammad"> Aoun Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zohaib"> Muhammad Zohaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khan"> Hannan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemal%20Javaid"> Seemal Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Azam"> Mariam Azam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficiency of natural metabolites obtained from partially fermented soya hulls and wheat bran using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) ensures a potential impact on the total milk yield and quality of milk production. On attaining a moderate number of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells around 1×10⁹ CFU/ml, the concentrate was further elevated under in-vivo conditions to study the quality of milk production in lactating buffalo. Ten lactating buffalos of the Nili Ravi breed having the same physical factors were given 12 gm of microbial metabolites daily, along with the palleted feed having 22 % proteins. Another group of 10 lactating animals with the same characteristics was maintained without metabolites. The body score, overall health, incidence of mastitis, milk fat, milk proteins, ash and solid not fat (SNF) were elevated on a weekly basis up to thirty days of trial. It was recorded that the average total increase in quality milk production was 0.9 liter/h/d, whereas SNF in the milk was enhanced to 0.71, and fats were decreased to 0.09 %. Moreover, during all periods of the trial, the overall non-specific immunity of buffalo was increased, as indicated by less than 0.2 % of mastitis incidence compared to 1.8% in the untreated buffalos. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20metabolites" title="natural metabolites">natural metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20milk" title=" quality milk"> quality milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20yield" title=" milk yield"> milk yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonspecific%20immunity" title=" nonspecific immunity"> nonspecific immunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=better%20performing%20animals" title=" better performing animals"> better performing animals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164255/efficiency-of-microbial-metabolites-on-quality-milk-production-in-nili-ravi-breed-of-buffalos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Moho Undulations beneath South of Egypt, Using the Seismic Waves Generated by Tele Earthquakes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Hosny">Ahmed Hosny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Elshaikh"> Haroon Elshaikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaber%20Hassib"> Gaber Hassib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassin%20Ali"> Yassin Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Moho discontinuity undulations beneath the southern part of Egypt have been defined using the seismic waves generated by tele earthquakes. These earthquakes have been recorded by the Aswan seismic network, which consists of 10 seismic stations established around the lake of Nasser. An additional seismic station was located towards the east of the Lake of Nasser by about ~ 150 km. Receiver functions and H-k stacking methods were used for obtaining the depths of Moho discontinuity and the Vp/Vs ratios beneath each seismic station. Our results revealed that, the depths of Moho discontinuity beneath the stations located around the Lake of Nasser range from 36 to 39 km, with an average value of 37.5 km. These results are consistent with the previous works done on the same area. The obtained Vp/Vs ratios for the crust of this area were ranged from 1.73 to 1.86, with an average value of 1.79. While beneath the station located towards the east, the Moho discontinuity was detected at a shallowest depth of 27 km and the Vp/Vs ratio was 1.82. The difference in the Moho depths beneath the stations located around the Lake of Nasser and the station located to the east revealed the boundary position between the Saharan Metacraton to the west and the Nubian-Arabian Shield to the east. This structural boundary delineates the position of the old collision of the Oceanic crust of the Nubian-Arabian Shield to the east with the Continental crust of the Saharan Metacraton to the west. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moho%20undulations" title="Moho undulations">Moho undulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=south%20of%20Egypt" title=" south of Egypt"> south of Egypt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20waves" title=" seismic waves"> seismic waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquakes" title=" earthquakes"> earthquakes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36076/moho-undulations-beneath-south-of-egypt-using-the-seismic-waves-generated-by-tele-earthquakes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> An Institutional Leadership Framework on University Academics’ Decision to Become Institutional Leaders: A Malaysian Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazharuddin%20Shah%20Abdullah">Norazharuddin Shah Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harshita%20Aini%20Haroon"> Harshita Aini Haroon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazian%20Mohmad%20Azman"> Norazian Mohmad Azman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erlane%20K.%20Ghani"> Erlane K. Ghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismie%20Roha%20Mohamed%20Jais"> Ismie Roha Mohamed Jais</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamaruzzaman%20Muhammad"> Kamaruzzaman Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azleen%20Ilias"> Azleen Ilias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the factors that influence academics' decisions to accept or decline leadership roles in Malaysian universities. A questionnaire survey was distributed to a total of 1771 academics from public and private institutions in Malaysia. This study shows that the majority of academics in universities, regardless of whether they are public or private, have a reluctance to take on administrative roles. In particular, this study shows that female academics in public universities have no ambition for administrative roles, while female academics in private universities show a strong enthusiasm for taking up administrative positions. In terms of age, academics of all age groups made comparable choices, but academics who are under 30 years old have a greater propensity to aspire to an administrative position. Associate professors at private universities also opt for an administrative position. The factors that influence academics' decisions to accept or decline an administrative position are categorised into five categories: career development, skills and experience, preferences, perceptions, and organization. The findings of this study suggest that the increasing number of academics not seeking institutional leadership positions is a concern, as universities need a sufficient pool of potential successors to effectively fulfil the purpose and vision of the university. This study suggests the implementation of awareness and training initiatives to inspire academics, especially young academics, to take up leadership roles within the institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academics" title="academics">academics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20leadership" title=" institutional leadership"> institutional leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universities" title=" universities"> universities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180987/an-institutional-leadership-framework-on-university-academics-decision-to-become-institutional-leaders-a-malaysian-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Humans Trust Building in Robots with the Help of Explanations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misbah%20Javaid">Misbah Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Estivill-Castro"> Vladimir Estivill-Castro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rene%20Hexel"> Rene Hexel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of robotics is advancing rapidly to the point where robots have become an integral part of the modern society. These robots collaborate and contribute productively with humans and compensate some shortcomings from human abilities and complement them with their skills. Effective teamwork of humans and robots demands to investigate the critical issue of trust. The field of human-computer interaction (HCI) has already examined trust humans place in technical systems mostly on issues like reliability and accuracy of performance. Early work in the area of expert systems suggested that automatic generation of explanations improved trust and acceptability of these systems. In this work, we augmented a robot with the user-invoked explanation generation proficiency. To measure explanations effect on human’s level of trust, we collected subjective survey measures and behavioral data in a human-robot team task into an interactive, adversarial and partial information environment. The results showed that with the explanation capability humans not only understand and recognize robot as an expert team partner. But, it was also observed that human's learning and human-robot team performance also significantly improved because of the meaningful interaction with the robot in the human-robot team. Moreover, by observing distinctive outcomes, we expect our research outcomes will also provide insights into further improvement of human-robot trustworthy relationships. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explanation%20interface" title="explanation interface">explanation interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adversaries" title=" adversaries"> adversaries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20observability" title=" partial observability"> partial observability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust%20building" title=" trust building"> trust building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94554/humans-trust-building-in-robots-with-the-help-of-explanations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Code-Switching Practices of ESL Students Outside EFL Classrooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehroz%20Mukhtar">Shehroz Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maqsood%20Ahmed"> Maqsood Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mukhtar"> Abdullah Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choudhry%20Shahid"> Choudhry Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waqar%20Javaid"> Waqar Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Code switching is a common phenomenon, generally observed in multilingual communities across the globe. A critical look at code switching literature reveals that mostly code switching has been studied in classroom in learning and teaching context while code switching outside classroom in settings such as café, hostel and so on have been the least explored areas. Current research investigated the reasons for code switching in the interactive practices of students and their perceptions regarding the same outside the classroom settings. This paper is the study of the common practice that prevails in the Universities of Sialkot that bilinguals mix two languages when they speak in different class room situations. In Pakistani classrooms where Multilingual are in abundance i.e. they can speak two or more than two languages at the same time, the code switching or language combination is very common. The teachers of Sialkot switch from one language to another consciously or unconsciously while teaching English in the class rooms. This phenomenon has not been explored in the Sialkot’s teaching context. In Sialkot private educational institutes does not encourage code-switching whereas the public or government institutes use it frequently. The crux of this research is to investigate and identify the importance of code switching by taking its users in consideration. Survey research method and survey questionnaire will be used to get exact data from teachers and students. We will try to highlight the functions and importance of code switching in foreign language classrooms of Sialkot and will explore why this trend is emerging in Sialkot. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20switching" title="code switching">code switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingual%20context" title=" bilingual context"> bilingual context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1" title=" L1"> L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L2" title=" L2"> L2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184377/a-sociolinguistic-investigation-of-code-switching-practices-of-esl-students-outside-efl-classrooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Code-Switching Practices of ESL Students Outside EFL Classrooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehroz%20Mukhtar">Shehroz Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maqsood%20Ahmed"> Maqsood Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mukhtar"> Abdullah Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choudhry%20Shahid"> Choudhry Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waqar%20Javaid"> Waqar Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Code switching is a common phenomenon, generally observed in multilingual communities across the globe. A critical look at code-switching literature reveals that mostly code-switching has been studied in the classrooms in learning and teaching contexts, while code-switching outside the classroom in settings such as café, hostels and so on has been the least explored areas. The current research investigated the reasons for code-switching in the interactive practices of students and their perceptions regarding the same outside the classroom settings. This paper is the study of the common practice that prevails in the Universities of Sialkot that bilinguals mix two languages when they speak in different classroom situations. In Pakistani classrooms where Multilingual is in abundance, i.e. they can speak two or more two languages at the same time, code-switching or language combination is very common. The teachers of Sialkot switch from one language to another consciously or unconsciously while teaching English in the classrooms. This phenomenon has not been explored in Sialkot’s teaching context. In Sialkot, private educational institutes do not encourage code-switching, whereas public or government institutes use it frequently. The crux of this research is to investigate and identify the importance of code-switching by taking its users into consideration. The survey research method and survey questionnaire will be used to get exact data from teachers and students. We will try to highlight the functions and importance of code switching in foreign language classrooms of Sialkot and will explore why this trend is emerging in Sialkot. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20switching" title="code switching">code switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20language%20classrooms" title=" foreign language classrooms"> foreign language classrooms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingual%20context" title=" bilingual context"> bilingual context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=use%20of%20L1" title=" use of L1"> use of L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=importance%20of%20L2." title=" importance of L2."> importance of L2.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184351/a-sociolinguistic-investigation-of-code-switching-practices-of-esl-students-outside-efl-classrooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Javaid&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Javaid&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> 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