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</nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Charakteristika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charakteristika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Charakteristika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charakteristika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Systematika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Systematika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Systematika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Systematika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_projekty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_projekty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Iné projekty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_projekty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zdroje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zdroje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Zdroje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zdroje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Obsah" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ježovky</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 88 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">88 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B0_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1" title="قنفذ البحر – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قنفذ البحر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B0_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1" title="قنفذ البحر – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قنفذ البحر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equinoidea" title="Equinoidea – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Equinoidea" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99niz_kirpil%C9%99ri" title="Dəniz kirpiləri – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəniz kirpiləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دنیز کیرپیلری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دنیز کیرپیلری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayom" title="Tayom – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tayom" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Марскія вожыкі – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марскія вожыкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Марскія вожыкі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Марскія вожыкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Морски таралежи – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Морски таралежи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teureug" title="Teureug – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Teureug" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morski_je%C5%BEevi" title="Morski ježevi – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Morski ježevi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eri%C3%A7ons_de_mar" title="Eriçons de mar – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eriçons de mar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swakigtuyom" title="Swakigtuyom – cebuánčina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Swakigtuyom" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%BA%E1%8F%89_%E1%8E%A1%E1%8E%AF_%E1%8F%A7%E1%8F%9F%E1%8F%B2%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᎺᏉ ᎡᎯ ᏧᏟᏲᏍᏗ – čerokí" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎺᏉ ᎡᎯ ᏧᏟᏲᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čerokí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%C5%BEovky" title="Ježovky – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ježovky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8pindsvin" title="Søpindsvin – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Søpindsvin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeigel" title="Seeigel – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seeigel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αχινός – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αχινός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sea urchin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C4%A5ino" title="Eĥino – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eĥino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merisiilikud" title="Merisiilikud – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Merisiilikud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsas_triku" title="Itsas triku – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Itsas triku" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="توتیای دریایی – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توتیای دریایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merisiilit" title="Merisiilit – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Merisiilit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siaiigler" title="Siaiigler – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Siaiigler" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cu%C3%A1n_mara" title="Cuán mara – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cuán mara" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ourizo_de_mar" title="Ourizo de mar – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ourizo de mar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%99%D7%9D" title="קיפודי ים – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קיפודי ים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="जलसाही – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जलसाही" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%C5%BEinci" title="Ježinci – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ježinci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengeris%C3%BCn%C3%B6k" title="Tengerisünök – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tengerisünök" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BE%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ծովոզնիներ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ծովոզնիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landak_laut" title="Landak laut – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Landak laut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekino" title="Ekino – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ekino" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dgulker" title="Ígulker – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ígulker" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%8B" title="ウニ – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウニ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ზღვის ზღარბები – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ზღვის ზღარბები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ade%C9%A3mus" title="Adeɣmus – kabylčina" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Adeɣmus" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Теңіз кірпілері – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Теңіз кірпілері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%98" title="성게류 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="성게류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Деңиз кирписи – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Деңиз кирписи" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecinoideo" title="Ecinoideo – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ecinoideo" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zie%C3%AB-eechele" title="Zieë-eechele – limburčina" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zieë-eechele" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABr%C5%B3_e%C5%BEiai" title="Jūrų ežiai – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jūrų ežiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABras_e%C5%BEi" title="Jūras eži – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jūras eži" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soky" title="Soky – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Soky" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Морски ежови – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Морски ежови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A8" title="കടൽച്ചേന – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കടൽച്ചേന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%81%9E%E1%80%AF%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB" title="ကၞုချ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ကၞုချ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B6_%D1%88%D3%B1%D0%BB%D3%B9" title="Тангыж шӱлӹ – marijština (západní)" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Тангыж шӱлӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="marijština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landak_laut" title="Landak laut – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Landak laut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="သံပခြုပ် – barmčina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံပခြုပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ведьсеель – erzjančina" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ведьсеель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zee-egels" title="Zee-egels – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zee-egels" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%A5kebolle" title="Kråkebolle – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kråkebolle" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B8piggsvin" title="Sjøpiggsvin – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sjøpiggsvin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1%C5%82t%C5%82%CA%BC%C3%A1%C3%A1h_adiji%C5%82ii" title="Táłtłʼááh adijiłii – navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Táłtłʼááh adijiłii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%C5%BCowce" title="Jeżowce – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jeżowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaku_askanku" title="Yaku askanku – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yaku askanku" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoide" title="Echinoide – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Echinoide" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Морские ежи – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Морские ежи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – sicílčina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicílčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sea urchin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%C5%BEinci" title="Ježinci – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ježinci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sea urchin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morski_je%C5%BEki" title="Morski ježki – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Morski ježki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Морски јежеви – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Морски јежеви" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B6borrar" title="Sjöborrar – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sjöborrar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="மூரை – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மூரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5" title="เม่นทะเล – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เม่นทะเล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%C5%88iz_Kirpisi" title="Deňiz Kirpisi – turkménčina" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Deňiz Kirpisi" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salungo" title="Salungo – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Salungo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denizkestanesi" title="Denizkestanesi – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Denizkestanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%97%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Морські їжаки – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Морські їжаки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengiz_tipratikanlari" title="Dengiz tipratikanlari – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dengiz tipratikanlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A7u_gai" title="Cầu gai – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cầu gai" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%AAe-egels" title="Zêe-egels – vlámština (západní)" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zêe-egels" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vlámština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" title="Echinoidea – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Echinoidea" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%83%86" title="海胆 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="海胆" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%86%BD" title="海膽 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海膽" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%86%BD" title="海膽 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="海膽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83483#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="3" align="right" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 250px; padding: 0.05em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #CCCC99; padding: 5px; font-size: 140%;">Ježovky</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:SeaUrchin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/SeaUrchin.jpg/250px-SeaUrchin.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/SeaUrchin.jpg/375px-SeaUrchin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/SeaUrchin.jpg/500px-SeaUrchin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#CCCC99; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vedeck%C3%A1_klasifik%C3%A1cia" title="Vedecká klasifikácia">Vedecká klasifikácia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div class="NavFrame" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; background:transparent;" align="left"> </div> <ul class="NavContent" style="display:none; list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left; font-size:105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div> <table width="100%" style="text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50%"><b>Doména</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryoty" title="Eukaryoty">eukaryoty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ríša <small>(regnum)</small></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivo%C4%8D%C3%ADchy" title="Živočíchy">živočíchy</a> <small>(Animalia)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Vývojový stupeň</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epitelovce" title="Epitelovce">epitelovce</a> <small>(Eumetazoa)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Skupina</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dvojstranovce" title="Dvojstranovce">dvojstranovce</a> <small>(Bilateralia)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Vývojová vetva</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Druho%C3%BAstovce" title="Druhoústovce">druhoústovce</a> <small>(Deuterostomia)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Nadkmeň <small>(superphylum)</small></b></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coelomopora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coelomopora (stránka neexistuje)">Coelomopora</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Kmeň <small>(phylum)</small></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ostnatoko%C5%BEce" title="Ostnatokožce">ostnatokožce</a> <small>(Echinodermata)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>–</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bezstopkavce" title="Bezstopkavce">bezstopkavce</a> <small>(Eleutherozoa)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Podkmeň <small>(subphylum)</small></b></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinozoa (stránka neexistuje)">Echinozoa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Trieda <small>(classis)</small></b></td> <td>ježovky <small>(Echonoidea)</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#CCCC99; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Binomick%C3%A9_meno" title="Binomické meno">Vedecký názov</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><i>Echinoidea</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#E9E9C8; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Synonymum" title="Synonymum">Synonymá</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">ježovce</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color: #CCCC99; text-align: center; padding: 0.3em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Vedeck%C3%A1_klasifik%C3%A1cia" title="Vedecká klasifikácia">Vedecká klasifikácia</a> prevažne podľa <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A9m_%C5%BEiv%C3%BDch_organizmov#Živočíchy" title="Systém živých organizmov">tohto článku</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Biologický portál"><img alt="Biologický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Polyploidization.svg/18px-Polyploidization.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Polyploidization.svg/27px-Polyploidization.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Polyploidization.svg/36px-Polyploidization.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="120" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Portál:Biológia">Biologický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Ježovky</b> (iné názvy: <b>ježovce</b>, <b>echinoideá</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; zastarano: <i>ježovití</i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; lat. Echinoidea) sú trieda <a href="/wiki/Ostnatoko%C5%BEce" title="Ostnatokožce">ostnatokožcov</a> (podkmeň <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinozoa (stránka neexistuje)">Echinozoa</a>, skupina <a href="/wiki/Bezstopkavce" title="Bezstopkavce">bezstopkavce</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Charakteristika">Charakteristika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Charakteristika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Charakteristika"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Majú bochníkovité, vajcovité až terčovité telo vždy bez ramien. Povrch je pokrytý množstvom ostňov, ktoré sú u živých zvierat pohyblivé, no pritom krehké, takže pri chôdzi v mori na boso môže človek utŕžiť bolestivé, a niekedy i nebezpečné zranenie nôh (niektoré druhy majú duté ostne s jedovými žľazami). Ostne môžu byť u plochých, čiastočne asymetrických foriem redukované. Päťlúčovú stavbu ježovcov vidíme zreteľne len pri pitve, alebo pri pozorovaní <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ektoskelet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ektoskelet (stránka neexistuje)">ektoskeletu</a> po odumretí a vyhnití živočícha. Ich ektoskelet tvorí súvislý pancier z úplne spojených platničiek s malými otvormi, cez ktoré sa vysúvajú ambulakrálne panôžky. Charakteristickým znakom veľkej väčšiny ježovcov je päťramenný žuvací orgán, tzv. Aristotelov lampáš, ktorý inde v živočíšnej ríši nemá obdoby. Tieto čeľuste majú na konci 5 proti sebe sa zatvárajúcich ostrých zubov, podobných zubom hlodavcov, a celý útvar má už výrazne kostenú konzistenciu. Larva je pluteus (niekedy nazývaná echinopluteus) so štyrmi, neskôr ôsmimi obrvenými lalokmi. Larva po prisadnutí na dno prekonáva ďalekosiahlu premenu (čo platí, samozrejme, i u iných ostnokožcov), v dôsledku čoho zaniká jej pôvodná bilaterálna symetria. Na pobreží európskych morí najskôr stretneme dosť veľký druh <i>Echinus esculentus</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovka_jedl%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ježovka jedlá (stránka neexistuje)">ježovka jedlá</a>) alebo trochu menší (asi 10 cm) druh <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbacia_punctulata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arbacia punctulata (stránka neexistuje)">Arbacia punctulata</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Systematika">Systematika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Systematika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Systematika"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>trieda ježovky (Echinoidea): </p> <ul><li>podtrieda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perischoechinoidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perischoechinoidea (stránka neexistuje)">Perischoechinoidea</a> - Staršie táto podtrieda zahŕňala aj rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Cidaroida</a> (a alternatívne sa označovala ako nadrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalopodacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megalopodacea (stránka neexistuje)">Megalopodacea</a>). <ul><li>incertae sedis: rody †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanternarius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanternarius (stránka neexistuje)">Lanternarius</a></i>, †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongielechinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kongielechinus (stránka neexistuje)">Kongielechinus</a></i>, †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protocidaris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protocidaris (stránka neexistuje)">Protocidaris</a></i>, †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhoechinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhoechinus (stránka neexistuje)">Rhoechinus</a></i>, †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silurocidaris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silurocidaris (stránka neexistuje)">Silurocidaris</a></i>, †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tornquistellus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tornquistellus (stránka neexistuje)">Tornquistellus</a></i></li> <li>rod †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aulechinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aulechinus (stránka neexistuje)">Aulechinus</a></i></li> <li>rod †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bromidechinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bromidechinus (stránka neexistuje)">Bromidechinus</a></i></li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bothriocidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bothriocidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Bothriocidaroida</a> (resp. podtrieda †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bothriocidaroidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bothriocidaroidea (stránka neexistuje)">Bothriocidaroidea</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudechinoidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudechinoidea (stránka neexistuje)">Pseudechinoidea</a>/nadrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudoechinacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudoechinacea (stránka neexistuje)">Pseudoechinacea</a>/trieda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bothriocidara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bothriocidara (stránka neexistuje)">Bothriocidara</a>) - Staršie sa tento taxón niekedy zaraďoval mimo Echinoidea. <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bothriocidaridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bothriocidaridae (stránka neexistuje)">Bothriocidaridae</a></li></ul></li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalopoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megalopoda (stránka neexistuje)">Megalopoda</a> - Staršie sa tento taxón zaraďoval ako súčasť čeľade Lepidocentridae. <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eothuriidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eothuriidae (stránka neexistuje)">Eothuriidae</a></li></ul></li> <li>[rad] †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinocystitoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinocystitoida (stránka neexistuje)">Echinocystitoida</a> v širšom zmysle <ul><li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinocystitoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinocystitoida (stránka neexistuje)">Echinocystitoida</a> v užšom zmysle <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinocystitidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinocystitidae (stránka neexistuje)">Echinocystitidae</a> - Staršie sa zaraďovala jedna časť tejto čeľade ako súčasť čeľade Lepidocentridae a druhá jej časť sa zaraďovala pod názvom čeľaď <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotlandechinidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gotlandechinidae (stránka neexistuje)">Gotlandechinidae</a> do Melonechinoida.</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cravenechinidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cravenechinidae (stránka neexistuje)">Cravenechinidae</a> - Staršie sa táto čeľaď zaraďovala do taxónu Melonechinoida.</li></ul></li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaechinoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaechinoida (stránka neexistuje)">Palaechinoida</a> <ul><li>podrad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaeodiscoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaeodiscoida (stránka neexistuje)">Palaeodiscoida</a> <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lepidesthidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lepidesthidae (stránka neexistuje)">Lepidesthidae</a> - Staršie sa táto čeľaď zaraďovala do taxónu Echinocystitoida v užšom zmysle a ešte staršie sa zaraďovala ako súčasť čeľade Lepidocentridae.</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lepidocentridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lepidocentridae (stránka neexistuje)">Lepidocentridae</a> - Staršie bola táto čeľaď poňatá oveľa širšie (pozri vyššie a nižšie uvedené poznámky k jednotlivým čeľadiam).</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Proterocidaridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proterocidaridae (stránka neexistuje)">Proterocidaridae</a> - Staršie sa táto čeľaď zaraďovala ako súčasť čeľade Echinocystidae a ešte staršie ako súčasť čeľade Lepidocentridae.</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaechinidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaechinidae (stránka neexistuje)">Palaechinidae</a> - Staršie bola táto čeľaď spolu s časťou dnešného radu Echinocystitoida v užšom zmysle (pozri vyššie) klasifikovaná ako rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melonechinoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melonechinoida (stránka neexistuje)">Melonechinoida</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>podrad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeocidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeocidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Archaeocidaroida</a> <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyattechinidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyattechinidae (stránka neexistuje)">Hyattechinidae</a> - Táto čeľaď sa alternatívne zaraďuje ako súčasť čeľade Proterocidaridae, staršie sa zaraďuje ako súčasť čeľade Lepidocentridae.</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeocidaridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeocidaridae (stránka neexistuje)">Archaeocidaridae</a> - Staršie sa táto čeľaď zaraďovala do radu Cidaroida.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>(bez mena): <ul><li>incertae sedis: <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiarechinidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiarechinidae (stránka neexistuje)">Tiarechinidae</a> (resp. rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plesiocidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plesiocidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Plesiocidaroida</a>)</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Triadocidaridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triadocidaridae (stránka neexistuje)">Triadocidaridae</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paurocidaridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paurocidaridae (stránka neexistuje)">Paurocidaridae</a> (resp. rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paurocidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paurocidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Paurocidaroida</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Cidaroida</a> (resp. podtrieda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cidaroidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cidaroidea (stránka neexistuje)">Cidaroidea</a>) - Staršie sa tento rad zaraďoval do taxónu Perischoechinoidea.</li> <li>podtrieda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euechinoidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euechinoidea (stránka neexistuje)">Euechinoidea</a>: <ul><li>infratrieda[/nadrad/rad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aulodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aulodonta (stránka neexistuje)">Aulodonta</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Diadematacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diadematacea (stránka neexistuje)">Diadematacea</a> <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelanechinidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelanechinidae (stránka neexistuje)">Pelanechinidae</a> - Táto čeľaď sa staršie zaraďovala do radu Diadematoida v užšom zmysle</li> <li>[rad] †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Diadematoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diadematoida (stránka neexistuje)">Diadematoida</a> v širšom zmysle <ul><li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspidodiadematoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspidodiadematoida (stránka neexistuje)">Aspidodiadematoida</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspidodiademina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspidodiademina (stránka neexistuje)">Aspidodiademina</a>)</li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Diadematoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diadematoida (stránka neexistuje)">Diadematoida</a> v užšom zmysle (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diademina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diademina (stránka neexistuje)">Diademina</a>) - Tento rad staršia zahŕňal aj čeľaď Pelanechinididae.</li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Micropygoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Micropygoida (stránka neexistuje)">Micropygoida</a></li></ul></li> <li>nadrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinothuriacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinothuriacea (stránka neexistuje)">Echinothuriacea</a> <ul><li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedinoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedinoida (stránka neexistuje)">Pedinoida</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedinina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedinina (stránka neexistuje)">Pedinina</a>)</li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinothurioida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinothurioida (stránka neexistuje)">Echinothurioida</a> - Tento rad sa staršie zaraďoval ako súčasť radu Lepidocentroida (pozri nižšie).</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>infratrieda[/nadrad/rad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carinacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carinacea (stránka neexistuje)">Carinacea</a> v užšom zmysle/staršie: <a href="/wiki/Echinacea" title="Echinacea">Echinacea</a> v širšom zmysle - Pojem Carinacea v širšom zmysle zahŕňa aj taxón Irregularia. <ul><li>[rad] †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemicidaroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemicidaroida (stránka neexistuje)">Hemicidaroida</a> <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemicidaridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemicidaridae (stránka neexistuje)">Hemicidaridae</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudodiadematidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudodiadematidae (stránka neexistuje)">Pseudodiadematidae</a></li></ul></li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthopsida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orthopsida (stránka neexistuje)">Orthopsida</a> - Tento taxón sa staršie zaraďoval do radu Camarodonta ako podrad Orthopsina.</li> <li>nadrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calycina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calycina (stránka neexistuje)">Calycina</a> v širšom zmysle <ul><li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phymosomatoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phymosomatoida (stránka neexistuje)">Phymosomatoida</a></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salenioida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salenioida (stránka neexistuje)">Salenioida</a> (resp. [podrad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calycina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calycina (stránka neexistuje)">Calycina</a> v užšom zmysle)</li></ul></li> <li>nadrad <a href="/wiki/Echinacea" title="Echinacea">Echinacea</a> v užšom zmysle <ul><li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomopneustoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stomopneustoida (stránka neexistuje)">Stomopneustoida</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Glyphopneustidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glyphopneustidae (stránka neexistuje)">Glyphopneustidae</a></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbacioida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arbacioida (stránka neexistuje)">Arbacioida</a></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Camarodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camarodonta (stránka neexistuje)">Camarodonta</a> <ul><li>čeľaď <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parasaleniidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parasaleniidae (stránka neexistuje)">Parasaleniidae</a> - Táto čeľaď sa staršie zaraďovala do taxónu Echinidea</li> <li>infrarad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temnopleuridea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temnopleuridea (stránka neexistuje)">Temnopleuridea</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temnopleurina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temnopleurina (stránka neexistuje)">Temnopleurina</a>, resp. rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temnopleuroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temnopleuroida (stránka neexistuje)">Temnopleuroida</a>)</li> <li>infrarad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinidea (stránka neexistuje)">Echinidea</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinina (stránka neexistuje)">Echinina</a>, resp. rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinoida (stránka neexistuje)">Echinoida</a>)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nepravideln%C3%A9_je%C5%BEovky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nepravidelné ježovky (stránka neexistuje)">nepravidelné ježovky</a> (Irregularia) <ul><li>[rad] †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Holectypoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holectypoida (stránka neexistuje)">Holectypoida</a> v širšom zmysle - Tento taxón v niektorých systémoch staršie zahŕňal aj čeľaď Conoclypeidae (prípadne spolu s čeľaďou Oligopygidae) ako podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conoclypina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conoclypina (stránka neexistuje)">Conoclypina</a>. <ul><li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pygasteroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pygasteroida (stránka neexistuje)">Pygasteroida</a> - Tento taxón sa staršie niekedy zaraďoval do taxónu Aulodonta.</li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Holectypoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holectypoida (stránka neexistuje)">Holectypoida</a> v užšom zmysle</li> <li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinoneoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinoneoida (stránka neexistuje)">Echinoneoida</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinoneina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinoneina (stránka neexistuje)">Echinoneina</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microstomata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microstomata (stránka neexistuje)">Microstomata</a> <ul><li>[nadrad] <a href="/wiki/Neognathostomata" class="mw-disambig" title="Neognathostomata">Neognathostomata</a> <ul><li>[rad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassiduloida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cassiduloida (stránka neexistuje)">Cassiduloida</a> v širšom zmysle - Tento taxón je skôr tradičný <ul><li>[rad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleolitoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nucleolitoida (stránka neexistuje)">Nucleolitoida</a> - Tento taxón je skôr tradičný <ul><li>[čeľaď] †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleolitidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nucleolitidae (stránka neexistuje)">Nucleolitidae</a> v širšom zmysle <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Desorellidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desorellidae (stránka neexistuje)">Desorellidae</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Clypeidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clypeidae (stránka neexistuje)">Clypeidae</a></li> <li>čeľaď <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apatopygidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apatopygidae (stránka neexistuje)">Apatopygidae</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pygaulidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pygaulidae (stránka neexistuje)">Pygaulidae</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Clypeolampadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clypeolampadidae (stránka neexistuje)">Clypeolampadidae</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleolitidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nucleolitidae (stránka neexistuje)">Nucleolitidae</a> v užšom zmysle</li></ul></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Galeropygidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galeropygidae (stránka neexistuje)">Galeropygidae</a> - Tento taxón sa staršie niekedy zaraďoval ako samostatný rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galeropygoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galeropygoida (stránka neexistuje)">Galeropygoida</a>.</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Archiaciidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archiaciidae (stránka neexistuje)">Archiaciidae</a></li></ul></li> <li>[rad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassiduloida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cassiduloida (stránka neexistuje)">Cassiduloida</a> v užšom zmysle - Tento taxón je skôr tradičný. <ul><li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassiduloida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cassiduloida (stránka neexistuje)">Cassiduloida</a> v najužšom zmysle - Tento taxón dnes zahŕňa aj čeľaď <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neolampadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neolampadidae (stránka neexistuje)">Neolampadidae</a>, ktorá sa staršie niekedy zaraďovala do samostatného radu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neolampadoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neolampadoida (stránka neexistuje)">Neolampadoida</a></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinolampadoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinolampadoida (stránka neexistuje)">Echinolampadoida</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>[rad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clypeasteroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clypeasteroida (stránka neexistuje)">Clypeasteroida</a> v širšom zmysle <ul><li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutelloida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutelloida (stránka neexistuje)">Scutelloida</a> (resp. podrady <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellina (stránka neexistuje)">Scutellina</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laganina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laganina (stránka neexistuje)">Laganina</a>)</li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clypeasteroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clypeasteroida (stránka neexistuje)">Clypeasteroida</a> v užšom zmysle (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clypeasterina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clypeasterina (stránka neexistuje)">Clypeasterina</a>) - Dnes tento rad zahŕňa aj (i) čeľaď <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conoclypeidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conoclypeidae (stránka neexistuje)">Conoclypeidae</a>, ktorá sa v minulosti zaraďovala na iné miesta v systéme ježoviek (spravidla buď do radu Holectypoida v širšom zmysle alebo do radu Cassiduloida v širšom zmysle), a (ii) čeľaď <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligopygidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oligopygidae (stránka neexistuje)">Oligopygidae</a>, ktorá sa v minulosti zaraďovala do samostatného radu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligopygoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oligopygoida (stránka neexistuje)">Oligopygoida</a> alebo do radu Cassiduloida v užšom zmysle alebo ako sesterský taxón čeľade Conoclypeidae.</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>[nadrad] <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atelostomata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atelostomata (stránka neexistuje)">Atelostomata</a> v novšom ponímaní/rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatangoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatangoida (stránka neexistuje)">Spatangoida</a> v širšom zmysle - Taxón Atelostomata v staršom ponímaní zahŕňal aj rad Cassiduloida v širšom zmysle. <ul><li>rad †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Disasteroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disasteroida (stránka neexistuje)">Disasteroida</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protosternata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protosternata (stránka neexistuje)">Protosternata</a>) <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Collyritidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collyritidae (stránka neexistuje)">Collyritidae</a></li> <li>[čeľaď] †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Disasteridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disasteridae (stránka neexistuje)">Disasteridae</a> v širšom zmysle <ul><li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tithoniidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tithoniidae (stránka neexistuje)">Tithoniidae</a></li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Disasteridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Disasteridae (stránka neexistuje)">Disasteridae</a> v užšom zmysle</li> <li>čeľaď †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Acrolusiidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acrolusiidae (stránka neexistuje)">Acrolusiidae</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holasteroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holasteroida (stránka neexistuje)">Holasteroida</a> (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meridosternata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meridosternata (stránka neexistuje)">Meridosternata</a>) - Do tohto taxónu je dnes zahrnutý aj bývalý rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pourtalesioida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pourtalesioida (stránka neexistuje)">Pourtalesioida</a></li> <li>rad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatangoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatangoida (stránka neexistuje)">Spatangoida</a> v užšom zmysle (resp. podrad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amphisternata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amphisternata (stránka neexistuje)">Amphisternata</a>)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Poznámky: </p> <dl><dd>-Podtrieda Perischoechinoidea a rady Hemicidaroida, Nucleolitoida a Disasteroida sú tu uvedené až po úroveň čeľade (aby sa zabránilo nejasnostiam a aby bolo možné uviesť niektoré komentáre). Zvyšok systému je tu uvedený len po úroveň radu, t.j. čeľade patriace do radov nie sú uvedené a treba ich pozrieť v článkoch o daných radoch.</dd> <dd>-Viaceré z vyššie uvedených taxónov sú parafyletické alebo pravdepodobne parafyletické.</dd> <dd>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lepidocentroida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lepidocentroida (stránka neexistuje)">Lepidocentroida</a> je v niektorých starších systémoch rad, ktorý zodpovedá taxónu Echinocystitoida v širšom zmysle okrem taxónu Melonechinoida (čiže okrem čeľadí Palaechinidae, Gotlandechinidae a Cravenechinidae) a okrem čeľade Archaeocidaridae.</dd> <dd>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stirodonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stirodonta (stránka neexistuje)">Stirodonta</a> je v niektorých starších systémoch rad, ktorý zodpovedá taxónu Carinacea v užšom zmysle okrem taxónov Camarodonta a Orthopsida. Stirodonta bol teda chápaný ako opak radu Camarodonta.</dd> <dd>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Phymosomina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phymosomina (stránka neexistuje)">Phymosomina</a> je v niektorých starších systémoch podrad, ktorý zodpovedá radu Stirodonta okrem taxónu Salenioida. Phymosomina bol teda chápaný ako opak podradu Cylcina v užšom zmysle.</dd> <dd>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Acroechinoidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acroechinoidea (stránka neexistuje)">Acroechinoidea</a> je v niektorých systémoch taxón, ktorý môže zodpovedať: a) taxónom Diadematoida v širšom zmysle a Pedinoida; alebo b) taxónu Carinacea v širšom zmysle; alebo c) celému taxónu Euechinoidea okrem taxónu Echinothuroida (a prípadne aj okrem taxónu Pelanechinidae).</dd> <dd>-<a href="/wiki/Gnathostomata" class="mw-disambig" title="Gnathostomata">Gnathostomata</a> je v starších systémoch taxón zodpovedajúci všetkým nepravidelným ježovkám (Irregularia) okrem Atelostomata v staršom ponímaní.</dd> <dd>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinolampadacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinolampadacea (stránka neexistuje)">Echinolampadacea</a> je v novších systémoch taxón zodpovedajúci taxónom Cassiduloida v užšom zmysle a Scutelloida.</dd> <dd>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pravideln%C3%A9_je%C5%BEovky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pravidelné ježovky (stránka neexistuje)">pravidelné ježovky</a> (Regularia) je v starších systémoch taxón zodpovedajúci všetkým ježovkám (alebo v užšom zmysle všetkým Euechinoidea) okrem nepravidelných ježoviek.</dd></dl> <p><small>Zdroje tejto kapitoly:</small><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iné_projekty"><span id="In.C3.A9_projekty"></span>Iné projekty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Iné projekty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Iné projekty"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Echinoidea" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Echinoidea">Commons</a></div><div class="interProject wikispecies" style="display:none;"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Echinoidea">Wikidruhy</a></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na Commons"><img alt="Spolupracuj na Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na tému <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Echinoidea" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Echinoidea">Ježovky</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na Wikidruhoch"><img alt="Spolupracuj na Wikidruhoch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/21px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/32px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/42px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="129" /></span></span> Wikidruhy ponúkajú informácie na tému <b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Echinoidea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Echinoidea">Ježovky</a></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zdroje">Zdroje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zdroje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je%C5%BEovky&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zdroje"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">echinoideá. In: ŠALING, S. et al. Veľký slovník cudzích slov. 2000. S. 306</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">PETRIKOVICH, J. Soznam živočíchov, darovaných Museálnej slovenskej spoločnosti predsedom Andrejom Kmeťom. In: Sborník Muzeálnej slovenskej spoločnosti. roč. VII. 1902. S. 90 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/details/sbornkmss00spolgoog/page/n98/mode/2up?q=ostnoko%C5%BEci">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">PaedDr. Valerián Franc CSc.: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20070410070650/http://www.fpv.umb.sk/kat/kb/text/knihy/Skripta/Scr.pdf">Systém a fylogenéza živočíchov – bezchordáty</a> – zdroj, z ktorého (pôvodne) úplne alebo čiastočne čerpal tento článok. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">KROH, A. Chapter 1 -Phylogeny and classification. In: LAWRENCE, J. M. Sea Urchins: Biology and Ecology. 4th ed., vol. 43, S. 1 a nasl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.sk/books?id=qGbIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&dq=Proterocidaridae&source=bl&ots=-IHZX5Hg8U&sig=ACfU3U3VNpBbfHbc02KwRAh2rGcMXpktuA&hl=sk&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjplfjj3o39AhXcRvEDHR7tCvUQ6AF6BAgTEAM#v=onepage&q=Proterocidaridae&f=false">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mongiardino Koch N, Thompson JR, Hiley AS, McCowin MF, Armstrong AF, Coppard SE, Aguilera F, Bronstein O, Kroh A, Mooi R, Rouse GW. Phylogenomic analyses of echinoid diversification prompt a re-evaluation of their fossil record. Elife. 2022 Mar 22;11:e72460. doi: 10.7554/eLife.72460. PMID: 35315317; PMCID: PMC8940180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>The Echinoid Directory</i> [online]. nhm.ac.uk, [cit. 2023-02-12]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/echinoid-directory/class.html">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Phylogenetic tree of high-ranking taxa in echinoids (simplyfied)</i> [online]. marinespecies.org, [cit. 2023-02-12]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=image&tid=510514&pic=38834">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">GEKKER, R. F., ORLOV, J. A. Osnovy paleontologii....Tom 10. Moskva: Izdateľstvo Akademii nauk SSSR. 1964. S. 147 a nasl.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brands, S.J. (ed.), 2022. Echinoidea. In Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon, 4 Aug 2022. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonTree.aspx?src=0&id=71606">[3]</a>. Access date: 11. 2. 2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">LEHMANN, Ulrich; HILLMER, G.. <i>Fossil Invertebrates</i>. [s.l.] : CUP Archive, 1983. 364 s. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.sk/books?id=9jE4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA294&dq=Perischoechinoidea&hl=sk&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiPjLCh6Y39AhUERPEDHTnYCyAQ6AF6BAgBEAI#v=onepage&q=Perischoechinoidea&f=false">Dostupné online.</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-0-521-24856-3" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-0-521-24856-3">ISBN <span class="ISBN">978-0-521-24856-3</span></a></span>. S. 294 a nasl.. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">SAMUEL, Ondrej. <i>Geologický slovník - zoopaleontológia</i>. Bratislava : Štátny geologický ústav Dionýza Štúra, 2000. 527 s. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/80-88974-24-0" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/80-88974-24-0">ISBN <span class="ISBN">80-88974-24-0</span></a></span>. S. 14-15. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andreas Kroh & Andrew B. Smith (2010) The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8:2, 147-212, DOI: 10.1080/14772011003603556</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>PBDB</i> [online]. paleobiodb.org, [cit. 2023-02-12]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">NISIYAMA, S. The Echinoid fauna from Japan and adjacent regions (abstract). Buu Shlmane Unrv (Naturat scl ) NO' 15, PP. 65-88, December' 1965 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://ir.lib.shimane-u.ac.jp/files/public/0/4772/20170425021655688817/b012015b008.pdf">[4]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Report</i>. [s.l.] : [s.n.], 1958. 446 s. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.sk/books?id=-8ASAQAAIAAJ&q=Nucleolitoida&dq=Nucleolitoida&hl=sk&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiYwfXXwY79AhW4SvEDHfVlC0k4ChDoAXoECAMQAg">Dostupné online.</a> S. 186. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">SEPKOSKI, J. J. A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families. 2nd edition. 1992. S. 92-94 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.mpm.edu/sites/default/files/files%20and%20dox/C%26R/library/bio-geo/%23083%20MPM%20Contributions%20in%20Biology%20and%20Geology%20Number%2083.pdf">[5]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">SEPKOSKI, J. J. Jr.. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560. 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Variety of Life</i> [online]. taxondiversity.fieldofscience.com, [cit. 2023-02-12]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taxondiversity.fieldofscience.com/2012/10/echinoidea.html">Dostupné online.</a> </cite> a <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://taxondiversity.fieldofscience.com/2012/10/echinacea.html">[6]</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">TIRJAKOVÁ, E. et al. Systém eukaryotických jednobunkovcov a živočíchov. Prírodovedecká fakulta UK Bratislava. 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">DURHAM, J. W., MELVILLE, R. V. A Classification of Echinoids. Journal of Paleontology, Vol. 31, No. 1 (Jan., 1957), str. 242-27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">MELVILL, R. V., DURHAM, J. W. Questions relating to Order/Class Group nomenclature in the Class Echinoidea. In: Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature March 1958. S. 497 a nasl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://digitalgems.nus.edu.sg/shared/colls/blsea/files/BulZooN_v15_part16-17-596598b7e4f4c.pdf">[7]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230212195303/https://digitalgems.nus.edu.sg/shared/colls/blsea/files/BulZooN_v15_part16-17-596598b7e4f4c.pdf">Archivované</a> 2023-02-12 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">KIER, P. M., LAWSON, M . H. Index of Living and Fossil Echinoids 1924-1970. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. 1978 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/429a/07447d87a962af0163783f79106ef200d72c.pdf">[8]</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">MINTZ, L. W. Echinoids of the Mesozoic Families Collyritidae D'Orbigny, 1853 and Disasteridae Gras, 1848. In: Journal of Paleontology, Vol. 42, No. 5 (Sep., 1968), str. 1272-1288</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Identifikátorytaxónu" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Identifikátorytaxónu" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tax%C3%B3n" title="Taxón">Identifikátory<br />taxónu</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wiki%C3%BAdaje" title="Wikiúdaje">Wikiúdaje</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83483" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q83483">Q83483</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidruhy" 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cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>88 jazykov</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Pridať tému</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5577bc46ff-58xc7","wgBackendResponseTime":155,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.253","walltime":"0.579","ppvisitednodes":{"value":7292,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":37975,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15401,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":18,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":13729,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":18,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 273.608 1 -total"," 41.73% 114.172 1 Šablóna:Taxonbar"," 22.24% 60.844 1 Šablóna:Infobox_živočíchy"," 20.70% 56.648 1 Šablóna:Infobox"," 18.74% 51.267 1 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