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window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":80017348,"created_at":"2022-05-26T23:43:03.962-07:00","from_world_paper_id":206417180,"updated_at":"2024-11-25T02:46:08.089-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","grobid_abstract":"Hydroxyapatite (HA) macrochanneled porous scaffolds were produced by polymer sponge templating method using a reactive submicrometer powder synthesized by hydroxide precipitation sol-gel route. The microstructure of the fine HA powder was carefully investigated and developed in order to optimize the mechanical properties and phase stability of sintered scaffold. The templating method ensured a highly interconnected macrochanneled porous structure with over 500 mm mean pore size and 90% porosity. The high reactivity of the powder led to an efficient sintering mechanism with a high and crackfree linear shrinkage (1972%) and a significant BET specific surface area reduction (from 12 to 0.33 m 2 /g). The powder does not dissociate into secondary phases during sintering. Despite the extreme porosity, the scaffolds had high mechanical performance (compressive strength B0.51 MPa, Weibull modulus 4.15) compared with literature data and with scaffolds similarly prepared from high-quality commercial HA powder.","publication_date":"2011,,","publication_name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"86538719"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"High-Performance Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [56928903]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":86538719,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “High-Performance Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/86538719/mini_magick20220526-6913-1vro2bq.png?1653633929" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">High-Performance Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56928903" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ALicciulli"><img alt="Profile image of Antonio Licciulli" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://gravatar.com/avatar/f08c6c703a8cacc5a82bfd5850af64f0?s=65" />Antonio Licciulli</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">10 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 80017348; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=80017348"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Hydroxyapatite (HA) macrochanneled porous scaffolds were produced by polymer sponge templating method using a reactive submicrometer powder synthesized by hydroxide precipitation sol-gel route. The microstructure of the fine HA powder was carefully investigated and developed in order to optimize the mechanical properties and phase stability of sintered scaffold. The templating method ensured a highly interconnected macrochanneled porous structure with over 500 mm mean pore size and 90% porosity. The high reactivity of the powder led to an efficient sintering mechanism with a high and crackfree linear shrinkage (1972%) and a significant BET specific surface area reduction (from 12 to 0.33 m 2 /g). The powder does not dissociate into secondary phases during sintering. Despite the extreme porosity, the scaffolds had high mechanical performance (compressive strength B0.51 MPa, Weibull modulus 4.15) compared with literature data and with scaffolds similarly prepared from high-quality commercial HA powder.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":86538719,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/80017348/High_Performance_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds_for_Bone_Tissue_Engineering_Applications"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":86538719,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/80017348/High_Performance_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds_for_Bone_Tissue_Engineering_Applications"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="86538719" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/80017348/High_Performance_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds_for_Bone_Tissue_Engineering_Applications" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="26534565" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26534565/Preparation_of_nanostructure_hydroxyapatite_scaffold_for_tissue_engineering_applications">Preparation of nanostructure hydroxyapatite scaffold for tissue engineering applications</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50502404" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadhosseinFathi">Mohammadhossein Fathi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hydroxyapatite due to its good biocompatibility and similar chemical composition to the mineral part of bone has found various applications in tissue engineering. Porous hydroxyapatite has high surface area, which leads to excellent osteoconductivity and resorbability, providing fast bone ingrowth. In this study, highly porous body of nanostructure hydroxyapatite was successfully fabricated via gelcasting method. The pure phase of hydroxyapatite was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The result of scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the prepared scaffold has highly interconnected spherical pores with a size in the range 100-400 lm. The crystallite size of the hydroxyapatite scaffold was measured in the range 30-42 nm. The mean values of true (total) and apparent (interconnected) porosity were calculated in the range 84-91 and 70-78%, respectively. The maximum values of compressive strength and elastic modulus of the prepared scaffold were found to be about 1.5 MPa and 167 MPa, respectively, which were achieved after sintering at 1,000°C for 4 h. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the particle sizes are smaller than 80 nm. In vitro test showed good bioactivity of the prepared scaffold. The mentioned properties could make the hydroxyapatite scaffold a good candidate for tissue engineering applications, especially applications that did not need to stand any loading.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Preparation of nanostructure hydroxyapatite scaffold for tissue engineering applications","attachmentId":46828853,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26534565/Preparation_of_nanostructure_hydroxyapatite_scaffold_for_tissue_engineering_applications","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26534565/Preparation_of_nanostructure_hydroxyapatite_scaffold_for_tissue_engineering_applications"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="31867429" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31867429/Influence_of_the_calcination_temperature_on_morphological_and_mechanical_properties_of_highly_porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds">Influence of the calcination temperature on morphological and mechanical properties of highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34791218" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJCornejo">Daniel Jiménez Jiménez Cornejo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ceramics International, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Bone tissue engineering is a promising approach for bone replacement or augmentation. However, the achievement of a high performing scaffold is still undergoing. In this work, the optimum calcination temperature value of the starting powder for the preparation of highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffold, fabricated by the sponge replica method, was assessed. Hydroxyapatite nanopowder was synthesized by the precipitation method and the influence of four calcinations temperatures (600, 700, 800 and 900 1C) on either powder characteristics or scaffold properties were exhaustively examined. Powder composition and grain size were determined by XRD, TEM and BET analyses. Composition, morphology, porosity, shrinkage and mechanical strength of the sintered scaffolds were determined by XRD, FT-IR, weight and dimension measurements and compression tests. The results showed that increasing the calcination temperature, the grain size of the HA powder increases and a higher grain size leads to a more resistant HA scaffold. The 900 1C calcinations temperature provide the best performing scaffold without inducing any phase transformation. The study here reported highlighted that the calcinations treatment is essential to fabricate high resistant HA scaffolds.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Influence of the calcination temperature on morphological and mechanical properties of highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds","attachmentId":52156080,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31867429/Influence_of_the_calcination_temperature_on_morphological_and_mechanical_properties_of_highly_porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31867429/Influence_of_the_calcination_temperature_on_morphological_and_mechanical_properties_of_highly_porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="63892511" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63892511/Effect_of_Fabrication_Methods_on_the_Porosity_Microstructure_Strength_and_In_Vitro_Bioactivity_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds">Effect of Fabrication Methods on the Porosity, Microstructure, Strength and In-Vitro Bioactivity of Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="62562267" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SmrutiDash6">Smruti Dash</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Porous Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold has been prepared from stoichiometric HA powder. The HA powder has been prepared in the laboratory by the wet chemical method. The as-prepared powder was amorphous. On calcination at 850oC, stoichiometric HA powder crystallized. The HA phase was stable till 1250oC and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) formed at 1300oC. The HA scaffolds were prepared by three different routes. In the Solid State Fugitive route, porous HA scaffolds were prepared by mixing HA powder and Naphthalene (NA) granules. Five different volume percent (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70) NA was used. At a lower NA content, mostly isolated open pore were observed. Large and interconnected pores were seen at 50 and 60 vol% NA addition. The strength - porosity variation showed an inverse relation and the strength was low at 60 vol% NA. At 70vol%, NA strength could not be measured due to the fragile nature of the sample. The microstructures of Simulated body Fluid (SBF) aged porous HA scaffold show ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of Fabrication Methods on the Porosity, Microstructure, Strength and In-Vitro Bioactivity of Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds","attachmentId":76165120,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/63892511/Effect_of_Fabrication_Methods_on_the_Porosity_Microstructure_Strength_and_In_Vitro_Bioactivity_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/63892511/Effect_of_Fabrication_Methods_on_the_Porosity_Microstructure_Strength_and_In_Vitro_Bioactivity_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="70856071" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70856071/Porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_fabricated_from_nano_sized_powder_via_honeycomb_extrusion">Porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds fabricated from nano-sized powder via honeycomb extrusion</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="133353006" href="https://biust.academia.edu/mmosalagae">mosalagae mosalagae</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advanced Materials Letters, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In this study, we have developed hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds for synthetic bone graft from nano-sized HA particles using ceramic extrusion. We also demonstrate that these HA scaffolds show enhanced compressive strength (29.4 MPa), whilst possessing large pore sizes (&gt; 600 µm) that are suitable for bone grafting. The extrusion process involved forming a ceramic paste by mixing the HA powder with a binder and distilled water. The ceramic paste was then fabricated using a ram extruder that was fitted with a honeycomb die to impart large, structured pores. Several green bodies were extruded and then subjected to the same drying and thermal debinding treatment. The samples underwent three different sintering temperatures and two varied dwell times, in order to determine the optimum sintering parameters. The scaffolds were then analysed for their chemical, physical, mechanical and biological properties to elucidate the effects of the sintering parameters on extruded HA scaffolds. The...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds fabricated from nano-sized powder via honeycomb extrusion","attachmentId":80429125,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70856071/Porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_fabricated_from_nano_sized_powder_via_honeycomb_extrusion","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70856071/Porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_fabricated_from_nano_sized_powder_via_honeycomb_extrusion"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="69847556" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69847556/An_Experimental_Study_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffold_Bioactivity_in_Biomedical_Applications">An Experimental Study of Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Bioactivity in Biomedical Applications</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27678132" href="https://uotechnology.academia.edu/alaaatiyah">alaa A atiyah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Engineering and Technology Journal</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An Experimental Study of Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Bioactivity in Biomedical Applications","attachmentId":79788592,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69847556/An_Experimental_Study_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffold_Bioactivity_in_Biomedical_Applications","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69847556/An_Experimental_Study_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffold_Bioactivity_in_Biomedical_Applications"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="90570598" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90570598/The_simple_method_to_prepare_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_exhibiting_high_porosity">The simple method to prepare hydroxyapatite scaffolds exhibiting high porosity</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27678132" href="https://uotechnology.academia.edu/alaaatiyah">alaa A atiyah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Conference of Chemistry and Petrochemical Techniques (ICCPT)</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hydroxyapatite offers a variety of uses for tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility and chemical composition that is similar to a mineral portion of the body. Because porous hydroxyapatite does have a large surface area, it has good resorbability and osteoconductivity, allowing for rapid bone ingrowth. Using the salt leaching process, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) /polyethylene glycol (PEG) composite scaffolds were prepared and potassium chloride (KCl) is being used as porogen with particle sizes of (200-250) μm. A three-dimensional scaffold of interconnected high porosities, ideal for bone regeneration and vascularization, is described in the materials and manufacturing technique. Tensile testing, and EDX, XRD, FTIR were utilized to investigate the mechanical and chemical properties of the 3dimensional scaffolds. SEM was also used to examine a surface morphology of a scaffold. The apparent porosity was determined. After sintering at 1250 o C for 2 hours, the scaffolds had open and interconnected pores having porosities ranged from 72 to 75 percent, according to the results. The prepared scaffold's compressive strength maximum values were found to be around 5.3 MPa. To test the bioactivity of the synthesized scaffold, it was immersed inside a solution of simulated body fluid (S B F). The produced scaffold shows good bioactivity in vitro experiments. The hydroxyapatite scaffold's characteristics may make it an excellent choice for tissue engineering applications, especially those that don't require any loading.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The simple method to prepare hydroxyapatite scaffolds exhibiting high porosity","attachmentId":94097757,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90570598/The_simple_method_to_prepare_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_exhibiting_high_porosity","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90570598/The_simple_method_to_prepare_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_exhibiting_high_porosity"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="124429447" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124429447/A_method_of_fabrication_of_porous_carbonated_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_for_bone_tissue_engineering">A method of fabrication of porous carbonated hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="110264322" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GurinAlex">Alex Gurin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A method to produce porous carbonated hydroxyapatite ceramics was developed which is based on vacuum impregnation of cellular polyurethane (PU) matrixes with a ceramic slip. The polyurethane foams were burnt off and the samples were converted into porous carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) ceramics by sintering in a furnace at 600 to 650°C using a sintering additive. The ceramics had 60-90% interconnected porosity, necessary to facilitate cell seeding and fixation which is an important requirement for use in bone tissue engineering. The optimal composition of ceramic slip and the sintering conditions were found. PU foams with a different number of pores per inch (ppi) were used and the strength testing of ceramics was carried out. It is suggested that the experimental ceramics would be useful in bone replacement and reconstruction.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A method of fabrication of porous carbonated hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","attachmentId":118656353,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124429447/A_method_of_fabrication_of_porous_carbonated_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_for_bone_tissue_engineering","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124429447/A_method_of_fabrication_of_porous_carbonated_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_for_bone_tissue_engineering"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="14353701" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14353701/Preparation_of_porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds">Preparation of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33300198" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/LaurentGremillard">Laurent Gremillard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds were successfully prepared by using the HAp slurry based on the replication of polymer sponge substrate. The effect of HAp content in slurry on the pore morphology and size, and density, porosity, and mechanical strength of porous scaffolds was investigated. The scaffolds with average pore sizes ranging from 200 to 400 µm had an open, relatively uniform, and interconnected porous structure. As the HAp content increased, the porosity of scaffold decreased while the density increased. These phenomena were attributed to the fact that the pores became interconnected with more dense and thicker pore walls with increasing HAp content in slurry. The results suggest that the density, porosity, and compressive strength of the porous HAp scaffold were significantly affected by the content of the HAp powder in the slurry.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Preparation of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds","attachmentId":44290600,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14353701/Preparation_of_porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14353701/Preparation_of_porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="100406337" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100406337/Microporous_Hydroxyapatite_Ceramic_Composites_as_Tissue_Engineering_Scaffolds_An_Experimental_and_Computational_Study">Microporous Hydroxyapatite Ceramic Composites as Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: An Experimental and Computational Study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="58452223" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NisarAmbreen">Ambreen Nisar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advanced Engineering Materials, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Bone-tissue engineering mandates the development of multi-functional bioactive porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds. Herein, microwave sintered HAp/ZnO and HAp/Ag composite scaffolds with %5-19% porosity are developed using 0-30 vol% graphite as a porogen. The mechanical properties of the porous scaffold are analyzed in detail, revealing that even being more porous, the reinforcement of ZnO (9% porosity, hardness of 2.8 GPa, and toughness of 3.5 MPa.m 1/2) has shown to have better hardness and fracture toughness when compared to Ag (5% porosity, hardness of 1.6 GPa, and toughness of 2.6 MPa.m 1/2). The flexural strength obtained experimentally are complemented with a finite-element technique that adopts microstructural features in visualizing the effect of porosity on stress distribution. The antibacterial efficacy and cytocompatibility of these composites are validated by increased metabolic activity and conspicuous cell-matrix interactions. The anticipation of the results reveal that HAp/ZnO (9% porosity) and HAp/Ag (5% porosity) composites can be used as a potential multi-functional bone implant scaffolds.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Microporous Hydroxyapatite Ceramic Composites as Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: An Experimental and Computational Study","attachmentId":101239339,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100406337/Microporous_Hydroxyapatite_Ceramic_Composites_as_Tissue_Engineering_Scaffolds_An_Experimental_and_Computational_Study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100406337/Microporous_Hydroxyapatite_Ceramic_Composites_as_Tissue_Engineering_Scaffolds_An_Experimental_and_Computational_Study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="17516340" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17516340/Structure_and_properties_of_nano_hydroxyapatite_polymer_composite_scaffolds_for_bone_tissue_engineering">Structure and properties of nano-hydroxyapatite/polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37284697" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GuobaoWei">Guobao Wei</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Biomaterials, 2004</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">To better mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, novel nano-hydroxyapatite (NHAP)/polymer composite scaffolds with high porosity and well-controlled pore architectures were prepared using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) techniques. The morphologies, mechanical properties and protein adsorption capacities of the composite scaffolds were investigated. The high porosity (90% and above) was easily achieved and the pore size was adjusted by varying phase separation parameters. The NHAP particles were dispersed in the pore walls of the scaffolds and bound to the polymer very well. NHAP/polymer scaffolds prepared using pure solvent system had a regular anisotropic but open 3D pore structure similar to plain polymer scaffolds while micro-hydroxyapatite (MHAP)/polymer scaffolds had a random irregular pore structure. The introduction of HAP greatly increased the mechanical properties and improved the protein adsorption capacity. In a dioxane/water mixture solvent system, NHAP-incorporated poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds developed a fibrous morphology which in turn increased the protein adsorption three fold over non fibrous scaffolds. The results suggest that the newly developed NHAP/polymer composite scaffolds may serve as an excellent 3D substrate for cell attachment and migration in bone tissue engineering. r</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Structure and properties of nano-hydroxyapatite/polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","attachmentId":39553362,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17516340/Structure_and_properties_of_nano_hydroxyapatite_polymer_composite_scaffolds_for_bone_tissue_engineering","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17516340/Structure_and_properties_of_nano_hydroxyapatite_polymer_composite_scaffolds_for_bone_tissue_engineering"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":86538719,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":86538719,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_86538719" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="36352900" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36352900/Porous_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_for_orthopedic_and_dental_applications_the_role_of_binders">Porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds for orthopedic and dental applications -the role of binders</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29659094" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnitaLett">Anita Lett</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link 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class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="91636863" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/91636863/Preparation_and_characterization_of_porous_hydroxyapatite_through_polymeric_sponge_method">Preparation and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite through polymeric sponge method</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33222591" href="https://boun.academia.edu/SabriAlt%C4%B1nta%C5%9F">Sabri Altıntaş</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ceramics International, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Preparation and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite through polymeric sponge method","attachmentId":94868489,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91636863/Preparation_and_characterization_of_porous_hydroxyapatite_through_polymeric_sponge_method","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91636863/Preparation_and_characterization_of_porous_hydroxyapatite_through_polymeric_sponge_method"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="34032088" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34032088/Physical_and_mechanical_properties_of_a_poly_3_hydroxybutyrate_coated_nanocrystalline_hydroxyapatite_scaffold_for_bone_tissue_engineering">Physical and mechanical properties of a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-coated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue engineering</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66499940" href="https://mui.academia.edu/SaeedKarbasi">Saeed Karbasi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Porous Materials, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Physical and mechanical properties of a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-coated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue engineering","attachmentId":53973258,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34032088/Physical_and_mechanical_properties_of_a_poly_3_hydroxybutyrate_coated_nanocrystalline_hydroxyapatite_scaffold_for_bone_tissue_engineering","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34032088/Physical_and_mechanical_properties_of_a_poly_3_hydroxybutyrate_coated_nanocrystalline_hydroxyapatite_scaffold_for_bone_tissue_engineering"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="105039678" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105039678/The_Production_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds_with_Graded_Porosity_by_Sequential_Freeze_Casting">The Production of Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds with Graded Porosity by Sequential Freeze-Casting</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41998666" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HyunDoJung">Hyun-Do Jung</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Production of Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds with Graded Porosity by Sequential Freeze-Casting","attachmentId":104604496,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105039678/The_Production_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds_with_Graded_Porosity_by_Sequential_Freeze_Casting","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/105039678/The_Production_of_Porous_Hydroxyapatite_Scaffolds_with_Graded_Porosity_by_Sequential_Freeze_Casting"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="75977593" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title 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engineering","attachmentId":83665240,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75977593/Temperature_effect_on_the_porosity_of_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_and_its_use_in_tissue_engineering","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/75977593/Temperature_effect_on_the_porosity_of_hydroxyapatite_scaffolds_and_its_use_in_tissue_engineering"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="93281749" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title 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Ramesh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Porous hydroxyapatite for artificial bone applications","attachmentId":31542499,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3988364/Porous_hydroxyapatite_for_artificial_bone_applications","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3988364/Porous_hydroxyapatite_for_artificial_bone_applications"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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