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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AC)" title="هانس ريختر (مخرج) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هانس ريختر (مخرج)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter" title="Hans Richter – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hans Richter" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(v%C3%BDtvarn%C3%ADk)" title="Hans Richter (výtvarník) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hans Richter (výtvarník)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(kunstner)" title="Hans Richter (kunstner) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hans Richter (kunstner)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(Dadaist)" title="Hans Richter (Dadaist) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hans Richter (Dadaist)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%82_%CE%A1%CE%AF%CF%87%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81_(%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82)" title="Χανς Ρίχτερ (καλλιτέχνης) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χανς Ρίχτερ (καλλιτέχνης)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(pintor)" title="Hans Richter (pintor) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hans Richter (pintor)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF)" title="هانس ریشتر (هنرمند) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هانس ریشتر (هنرمند)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(artiste)" title="Hans Richter (artiste) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hans Richter (artiste)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88%ED%84%B0_(1888%EB%85%84)" title="한스 리히터 (1888년) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="한스 리히터 (1888년)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD_%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%AD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80_(%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B9)" title="Հանս Ռիխտեր (նկարիչ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հանս Ռիխտեր (նկարիչ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(regista)" title="Hans Richter (regista) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hans Richter (regista)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%98%D7%A8_(%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%9F)" title="הנס ריכטר (אמן) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנס ריכטר (אמן)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="هانس ريختر (فنان) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هانس ريختر (فنان)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(kunstenaar)" title="Hans Richter (kunstenaar) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hans Richter (kunstenaar)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%92%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="ハンス・リヒター (画家) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハンス・リヒター (画家)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(kunstner)" title="Hans Richter (kunstner) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hans Richter (kunstner)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(re%C5%BCyser)" title="Hans Richter (reżyser) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hans Richter (reżyser)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(artist)" title="Hans Richter (artist) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hans Richter (artist)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Рихтер, Ханс (художник) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рихтер, Ханс (художник)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(konstn%C3%A4r)" title="Hans Richter (konstnär) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hans Richter (konstnär)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Ганс Ріхтер (художник) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ганс Ріхтер (художник)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q213597#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Richter_(artist)" title="View the content page [c]" 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class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Hans Richter</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Richter_by_Man_Ray_c1928.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Hans_Richter_by_Man_Ray_c1928.jpg/220px-Hans_Richter_by_Man_Ray_c1928.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f4/Hans_Richter_by_Man_Ray_c1928.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="372" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Richter <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1928</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Hans Johannes Siegfried Richter</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1888-04-06</span>)</span>6 April 1888<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 February 1976<span style="display:none">(1976-02-01)</span> (aged 87)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Minusio" title="Minusio">Minusio</a>, Switzerland</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Painter, graphic artist, avant-gardist, film maker, animation producer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1914–1961</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9_Soupault" title="Ré Soupault">Meta Erna Niemeyer</a> (aka Ré Soupault)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hans Johannes Siegfried Richter</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈʁɪçtɐ]</a></span>; 6 April 1888 – 1 February 1976) was a German <a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a> painter, <a href="/wiki/Graphic_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphic artist">graphic artist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> film producer, and <a href="/wiki/Art_historian" class="mw-redirect" title="Art historian">art historian</a>. In 1965 he authored the book <i>Dadaism</i> about the history of the <i>Dada</i> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was born in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> into a well-to-do family and died in <a href="/wiki/Minusio" title="Minusio">Minusio</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Locarno" title="Locarno">Locarno</a>, Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-Contemporary_Art_p._598_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Contemporary_Art_p._598-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From <a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">Expressionism</a> through Dadaism, <a href="/wiki/Constructivism_(art)" title="Constructivism (art)">Constructivism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neoplasticism" title="Neoplasticism">Neoplasticism</a>, he was one of the major figures of avant-garde art in the 1910s and 1920s<sup id="cite_ref-Contemporary_Art_p._598_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Contemporary_Art_p._598-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a catalyst for <a href="/wiki/Intellectual" title="Intellectual">intellectuals</a> and artists in many <a href="/wiki/Discipline" title="Discipline">disciplines</a>. Richter helped organise exhibitions which revived interest in Dada, both in the United States and Europe. In 1956 he made <i>Dadascope</i>, a film dedicated to Dada poetry. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Germany">Germany</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1908 Richter entered the Academy of Fine Art in Berlin, and the following year the Academy of <a href="/wiki/Fine_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Fine Art">Fine Art</a> in Weimar. Richter's first contacts with <a href="/wiki/Modern_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Art">Modern Art</a> were in 1912 through the <a href="/wiki/Der_Blaue_Reiter" title="Der Blaue Reiter">Blaue Reiter</a> and in 1913 through the <a href="/wiki/Erster_Deutscher_Herbstsalon" title="Erster Deutscher Herbstsalon">Erster Deutscher Herbstsalon</a> gallery <a href="/wiki/Der_Sturm" title="Der Sturm">Der Sturm</a>, in Berlin. In 1914 he was influenced by <a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubism</a>. </p><p>At that time he also befriended Franz Pfemfert, who was the editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Aktion" title="Die Aktion">Die Aktion</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Richter contributed to the periodical <i>Die Aktion</i> in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His first exhibition was in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> in 1916, and <i>Die Aktion</i> published a special edition about him. In the same year he was wounded and discharged from the army and went to <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> and met <a href="/wiki/Tristan_Tzara" title="Tristan Tzara">Tristan Tzara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Janco" title="Marcel Janco">Marcel Janco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ball" title="Hugo Ball">Hugo Ball</a>, who together were forming the <a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a> movement, which he joined. </p><p>Richter believed that the artist's duty was to be politically active by opposing war and supporting <a href="/wiki/Revolution" title="Revolution">revolution</a>. His first <a href="/wiki/Abstract_art" title="Abstract art">abstract art</a> works were made in 1917. In 1918, <a href="/wiki/Tristan_Tzara" title="Tristan Tzara">Tristan Tzara</a> introduced Richter to <a href="/wiki/Viking_Eggeling" title="Viking Eggeling">Viking Eggeling</a> and the two experimented together with film. Richter was co-founder, in 1919, of the Association of Revolutionary Artists (Artistes Radicaux) at Zürich. In the same year he created his first <i>Prélude</i>: an orchestration of a theme developed in eleven drawings. In 1920, he became a member of the <a href="/wiki/November_Group_(German)" title="November Group (German)">November Group</a> in Berlin and contributed to the Dutch periodical <i><a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm/220px--Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="169" data-durationhint="184" data-mwtitle="Rhythmus_21_(1921).webm" data-mwprovider="local" resource="/wiki/File:Rhythmus_21_(1921).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="626" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="av1"" data-width="626" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="188" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="314" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="470" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/2/2b/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm/Rhythmus_21_%281921%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="470" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption><i>Rhythmus 21</i> (1921)</figcaption></figure> <p>Throughout his career, Richter claimed that his 1921 film, <i>Rhythmus 21</i>, was the first <a href="/wiki/Abstract_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract film">abstract film</a> ever created, but in fact it was preceded by the Italian <a href="/wiki/Futurism_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Futurism (art)">Futurist</a> films by <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Corra" title="Bruno Corra">Bruno Corra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arnaldo_Ginna" title="Arnaldo Ginna">Arnaldo Ginna</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (as they report in the <i><a href="/wiki/Futurist_Manifesto" class="mw-redirect" title="Futurist Manifesto">Futurist Manifesto</a> of Cinema</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as by fellow German artist <a href="/wiki/Walter_Ruttmann" title="Walter Ruttmann">Walter Ruttmann</a>, who produced <i>Lichtspiel Opus 1</i> in 1920. Nevertheless, Richter's film <i>Rhythmus 21</i> is considered an important early abstract film. </p><p>In 1933, <a href="/wiki/The_Nazis" class="mw-redirect" title="The Nazis">The Nazis</a> ransacked Richter's studio in Berlin, confiscating or destroying his work. He was stripped of his German citizenship and labelled a <a href="/wiki/Degenerate_art" title="Degenerate art">degenerate artist</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Cultural_Bolshevism" title="Cultural Bolshevism">cultural Bolshevik</a>". After attempting, in vain, to make an <a href="/wiki/Anti-Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Nazi">anti-Nazi</a> film in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in 1931–1932, Richter travelled around Europe. He worked for <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> in Holland and made commissioned films in Switzerland. He also gave numerous lectures about film. </p><p>About Richter's <a href="/wiki/Woodcut" title="Woodcut">woodcuts</a> and drawings <a href="/wiki/Michel_Seuphor" title="Michel Seuphor">Michel Seuphor</a> wrote that Richter's black-and-whites graphic work, together with that of <a href="/wiki/Hans_Arp" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Arp">Hans Arp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Janco" title="Marcel Janco">Marcel Janco</a>, are the most typical works of the Zürich period of Dada. From 1923 to 1926, Richter edited, together with <a href="/wiki/Werner_Graeff" title="Werner Graeff">Werner Gräff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe" title="Ludwig Mies van der Rohe">Mies van der Rohe</a>, the periodical <i>G. Material zur elementaren Gestaltung.</i> Richter wrote of his own attitude toward film: </p> <blockquote><p>I conceive of the film as a modern art form particularly interesting to the sense of sight. Painting has its own peculiar problems and specific sensations, and so has the film. But there are also problems in which the dividing line is obliterated, or where the two infringe upon each other. More especially, the cinema can fulfill certain promises made by the ancient arts, in the realization of which painting and film become close neighbors and work together.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Richter moved from Switzerland to the United States in 1940 and became an American citizen. Beginning in 1941 he taught at the Institute of Film Techniques at the <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">City College of New York</a> before taking over as director.<sup id="cite_ref-Haftmann,_p222_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haftmann,_p222-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While living in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, Richter directed two feature films, <i><a href="/wiki/Dreams_That_Money_Can_Buy" title="Dreams That Money Can Buy">Dreams That Money Can Buy</a></i> (1947) and <i><a href="/wiki/8_x_8:_A_Chess_Sonata_in_8_Movements" class="mw-redirect" title="8 x 8: A Chess Sonata in 8 Movements">8 x 8: A Chess Sonata in 8 Movements</a></i> (1957) in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Jean Cocteau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bowles" title="Paul Bowles">Paul Bowles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger" title="Fernand Léger">Fernand Léger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Alexander Calder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a>, and others, which was partially filmed on the lawn of his summer house in <a href="/wiki/Southbury,_Connecticut" title="Southbury, Connecticut">Southbury, Connecticut</a>. In 1957, he finished a film entitled <i>Dadascope</i> with original poems and prose spoken by their creators: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Arp" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Arp">Hans Arp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raoul_Hausmann" title="Raoul Hausmann">Raoul Hausmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Huelsenbeck" title="Richard Huelsenbeck">Richard Huelsenbeck</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schwitters" title="Kurt Schwitters">Kurt Schwitters</a>. After 1958, Richter spent parts of the year in <a href="/wiki/Ascona" title="Ascona">Ascona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> and returned to painting. <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Guggenheim" title="Peggy Guggenheim">Peggy Guggenheim</a> organized his first solo show in the United States in which his large painted scrolls, inspired by the Second World War, featured prominently.<sup id="cite_ref-Haftmann,_p222_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haftmann,_p222-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1963, he directed the short film <i>From the Circus to the Moon</i> about the American artist <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Alexander Calder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1965, Richter was also the author of a first-hand account of the Dada movement titled <i>Dada: Art and Anti-Art</i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which also included his reflections on the emerging <a href="/wiki/Neo-Dada" title="Neo-Dada">Neo-Dada</a> artworks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hans Richter was married four times: in 1916 to Elisabeth (Lisa, Lies, Lieska) Steinert († 1923), in 1921 to Maria von Vanselow (divorced 1922), in 1927 to Erna Niemeyer (pseudonyms: Renate Green, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9_Soupault" title="Ré Soupault">Ré Soupault</a>, René Mensch), in 1951 to Frida Ruppel (1910-78), whose two children Hans Ruppel and Ursula Lawder administered the estate.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhythmus_21" title="Rhythmus 21">Rhythmus 21</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i>Rhythmus 23</i> (1923)</li> <li><i>Rhythmus 25</i> (1925)</li> <li><i>Filmstudie</i> (1926) with music by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Heinz_Stuckenschmidt" title="Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt">Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt</a></li> <li><i>Inflation</i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vormittagsspuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Vormittagsspuk">Vormittagsspuk</a></i> ("Ghosts Before Breakfast", with music by <a href="/wiki/Hindemith" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindemith">Hindemith</a>) (1928)</li> <li><i>Zweigroschenzauber</i> (1929)</li> <li><i>The Storming of La Sarraz</i> (written only, directed by <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Eisenstein" title="Sergei Eisenstein">Sergei Eisenstein</a>, lost) (1929)</li> <li><i>Rennsymphonie</i> (1929)</li> <li><i>Alles dreht sich, alles bewegt sich</i> (1929)</li> <li><i>Everyday</i> (1929)</li> <li><i>Neues Leben</i> (1930)</li> <li><i>Europa Radio</i> (1931)</li> <li><i>Hallo Everybody</i> (1933)</li> <li><i>Keine Zeit für Tränen</i> (1934)</li> <li><i>Vom Blitz zum Fernsenhbild</i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dreams_That_Money_Can_Buy" title="Dreams That Money Can Buy">Dreams That Money Can Buy</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/8_x_8:_A_Chess_Sonata_in_8_Movements" class="mw-redirect" title="8 x 8: A Chess Sonata in 8 Movements">8 x 8: A Chess Sonata in 8 Movements</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i>Dadascope</i> (1961)</li> <li><i>From the Circus to the Moon</i> (1963)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-art" title="Anti-art">Anti-art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_intervention" title="Art intervention">Art intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dadaists" title="List of Dadaists">List of Dadaists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89pater_la_bourgeoisie" title="Épater la bourgeoisie">Épater la bourgeoisie</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hans Richter, <i>Dadaism</i>, New York: Thames and Hudson, 1965</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/features/oisteanu/oisteanu10-27-04.asp">"Magazine Features – Hans Richter, Dada Pioneer"</a>. Artnet.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Magazine+Features+%E2%80%93+Hans+Richter%2C+Dada+Pioneer&rft.pub=Artnet.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artnet.com%2FMagazine%2Ffeatures%2Foisteanu%2Foisteanu10-27-04.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Contemporary_Art_p._598-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Contemporary_Art_p._598_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Contemporary_Art_p._598_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Oxford Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art</i>, Oxford University, p. 598</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theartstory.org/artist/richter-hans/">"Hans Richter"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hans+Richter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theartstory.org%2Fartist%2Frichter-hans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaftmann,_Werner1978" class="citation book cs1">Haftmann, Werner (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dadaartantiart00rich"><i>Postscript to </i>Dada: Art and Anti-Art<i><span></span></i></a>. Thames & Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-20039-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-20039-4"><bdi>0-500-20039-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Postscript+to+Dada%3A+Art+and+Anti-Art&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-500-20039-4&rft.au=Haftmann%2C+Werner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdadaartantiart00rich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span>, p. 220</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.futurism.org.uk/cinema/cinema.htm">Article on Futurist Cinema</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021007063855/http://www.futurism.org.uk/cinema/cinema.htm">Archived</a> 7 October 2002 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unknown.nu/futurism/cinema.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Futurist Cinema' Manifesto, 1916"</a>. Unknown.nu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27The+Futurist+Cinema%27+Manifesto%2C+1916&rft.pub=Unknown.nu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unknown.nu%2Ffuturism%2Fcinema.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haftmann,_p222-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haftmann,_p222_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haftmann,_p222_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haftmann, p. 222</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.calder.org/life/historic-films">"Historic Films – Calder Foundation"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Films+%E2%80%93+Calder+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.calder.org%2Flife%2Fhistoric-films&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichter,_Hans1965" class="citation book cs1">Richter, Hans (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dadaartantiart00rich"><i>Dada: Art and Anti-Art</i></a>. Thames & Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-20039-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-20039-4"><bdi>0-500-20039-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dada%3A+Art+and+Anti-Art&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=1965&rft.isbn=0-500-20039-4&rft.au=Richter%2C+Hans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdadaartantiart00rich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiographie" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Biographie, Deutsche. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz105633.html?language=en">"Richter, Hans - Deutsche Biographie"</a>. <i>www.deutsche-biographie.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.deutsche-biographie.de&rft.atitle=Richter%2C+Hans+-+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.aulast=Biographie&rft.aufirst=Deutsche&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutsche-biographie.de%2Fsfz105633.html%3Flanguage%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHans+Richter+%28artist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Stephen C. Foster, <i>Hans Richter: Activism, Modernism, and the Avant-Garde</i> (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1998). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780262561297" title="Special:BookSources/9780262561297">9780262561297</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43718368">43718368</a>.</li> <li>Mark Purves and Rob McFarland, "Hans Richter: Biography" in: Christoph Bareither et al. (Eds.): <i>Hans Richters "Rhythmus 21": Schlüsselfilm der Moderne.</i>Königshausen und Neumann, Würzburg, 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/382604861X" title="Special:BookSources/382604861X">382604861X</a> (Article in English).</li> <li>Hans Richter, 'Towards a New World Plasticism' in Mary Anne Caws, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0803264070"><i>Manifesto: A Century of Isms</i></a> (Lincoln, Nebraska and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2001).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Richard Suchenski, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sensesofcinema.com/2009/great-directors/hans-richter/">"Hans Richter"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Senses_of_Cinema" title="Senses of Cinema">Senses of Cinema</a></i> <b>49</b> (February 2009).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(artist)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hans_Richter_(artist)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hans Richter (artist)">Hans Richter (artist)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Je6Af6XVbY">"From the Circus to the Moon" (1963)</a> on <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0725257/">Hans Richter</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubu.com/film/richter.html">Hans Richter films at Ubuweb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/results?search=related&search_query=hans%20richter%20filmstudie%20experimental%20animation%201925%202006%20zven%20surealist%20dadaist%20abstract%20stop-motion&v=uZI5nF_fzPY">Hans Richter at YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10020/cifa970021" class="extiw" title="hdl:10020/cifa970021">Finding aid for Arnold Eagle papers and films related to Hans Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Getty_Research_Institute" title="Getty Research Institute">Getty Research Institute</a>, Los Angeles. Accession No. 970021. This collection documents the film collaborations and friendship of German-born Dadaist, Hans Richter, and New York photographer and cinematographer, Arnold Eagle. It includes color film footage, out-takes and audiotracks for several of Richter's films, such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives2.getty.edu:8082/xtf/view?docId=ead/970021/970021.xml;chunk.id=aspace_ref213_lcw;brand=default">Dreams that Money Can Buy</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives2.getty.edu:8082/xtf/view?docId=ead/970021/970021.xml;chunk.id=aspace_ref242_cir;brand=default">8 x 8 Chess Sonata in 8 movements.</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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title="El Lissitzky">El Lissitzky</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hans Richter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Rodchenko" title="Alexander Rodchenko">Alexander Rodchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenberg_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Stenberg Brothers">Stenberg Brothers</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vesnin" title="Alexander Vesnin">Alexander Vesnin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cover_of_Konstruktivizm_by_Aleksei_Gan_1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cover_of_Konstruktivizm_by_Aleksei_Gan_1922.jpg/100px-Cover_of_Konstruktivizm_by_Aleksei_Gan_1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="118" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/Kino-Fot" title="Kino-Fot">Kino-Fot</a></i> (1922-23)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G_(magazine)" title="G (magazine)">G</a></i> (1923-1926)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exhibitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5x5%3D25" class="mw-redirect" title="5x5=25">5x5=25, Moscow 1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Russian_Art_Exhibition" title="First Russian Art Exhibition">First Russian Art Exhibition, Berlin 1922</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Figurative_Constructivism" title="Figurative Constructivism">Figurative Constructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MA_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="MA (magazine)">Hungarian Activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Productivist_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Productivist art">Productivist art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Constructivists" title="British Constructivists">British Constructivists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213597#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJw4FrDbkYRCDRTY4c6R8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118600435">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50044733">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12174449g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12174449g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00454166">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Richter, Hans <1888-1976>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV014774">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35693540">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo20010084836&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1088043">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1892215">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068395477">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90641657">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000003667&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=99020">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/c9prsjgw1zflzc2">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007266896905171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058529017506706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00918776?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500018123">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/ff8070c3-9718-47b0-8975-97ecbcfd1a0b">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/66692">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikart.ch/KuenstlerInnen.aspx?id=4026129&lng=en">SIKART</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/4908">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/7041">Photographers' Identities</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adk.de/de/akademie/mitglieder/?we_objectID=52084">ADK</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1045474">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118600435.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118600435">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030299551">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/028061">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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