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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Exodus 1:22 Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: "Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live."</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/exodus/1-22.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/8/02_Exo_01_22.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Exodus 1:22 - Oppression by a New King" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/exodus/1-22.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/exodus/1-22.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/exodus/">Exodus</a> > <a href="/exodus/1.htm">Chapter 1</a> > Verse 22</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad2.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/exodus/1-21.htm" title="Exodus 1:21">◄</a> Exodus 1:22 <a href="/exodus/2-1.htm" title="Exodus 2:1">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/exodus/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh gave this order to all his people: &#8220Every Hebrew boy that is born you must throw into the Nile, but let every girl live.&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/exodus/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh gave this order to all his people: “Throw every newborn Hebrew boy into the Nile River. But you may let the girls live.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/exodus/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, “Every son that is born to the Hebrews you shall cast into the Nile, but you shall let every daughter live.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: “Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/exodus/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/exodus/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />So Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born you shall cast into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/exodus/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born, you are to throw into the Nile, but every daughter, you are to keep alive.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/exodus/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, &#8220Every son who is born you are to cast into the Nile, and every daughter you are to keep alive.&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/exodus/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born you are to cast into the Nile, and every daughter you are to keep alive.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/exodus/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />And Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born you are to cast into the Nile, and every daughter you are to keep alive.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/exodus/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born [to the Hebrews] must be thrown into the Nile, but every daughter you shall keep alive.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/exodus/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh then commanded all his people, “You must throw every son born to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/exodus/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh then commanded all his people: &#8220You must throw every son born to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live.&#8221 <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/exodus/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/exodus/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />until finally, the king gave a command to everyone in the nation, "As soon as a Hebrew boy is born, throw him into the Nile River! But you can let the girls live." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/exodus/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/exodus/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people to throw into the Nile every [Hebrew] boy that was born, but to let every girl live.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/exodus/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Finally the king issued a command to all his people: "Take every newborn Hebrew boy and throw him into the Nile, but let all the girls live." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/exodus/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Meanwhile, Pharaoh continued commanding all of his people, "You're to throw every Hebrew son who is born into the Nile River, but you're to allow every Hebrew daughter to live."<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/exodus/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: ?Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live.?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/exodus/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, "All sons that are born you must throw into the river, but all daughters you may let live." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/exodus/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, "You are to cast every son who is born to the Hebrews into the river, but every daughter you are to keep alive."<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/exodus/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/exodus/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “You shall cast every son who is born into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.” <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/exodus/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and Pharaoh lays a charge on all his people, saying, “Every son who is born—you cast him into the River, and every daughter you keep alive.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/exodus/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and Pharaoh layeth a charge on all his people, saying, 'Every son who is born -- into the River ye do cast him, and every daughter ye do keep alive.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/exodus/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And Pharaoh will command to all the people, saying, Every son being brought forth ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall preserve alive.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/exodus/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Pharao therefore charged all his people, saying: Whatsoever shall be born of the male sex, ye shall cast into the river: whatsoever of the female, ye shall save alive. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/exodus/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Therefore, Pharaoh instructed all his people, saying: “Whatever will be born of the male sex, cast it into the river; whatever will be born of the female sex, retain it.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/exodus/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh then commanded all his people, “Throw into the Nile every boy that is born, but you may let all the girls live.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/exodus/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, “Every boy that is born to the Hebrews you shall throw into the Nile, but you shall let every girl live.”<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/exodus/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And Pharaoh charged all the people, saying, Every son that is born you shall cast into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/exodus/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And Pharaoh commanded all the people and said, “Every son who will be born, you will throw him into the river, and every daughter you will save.” <div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/exodus/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying: 'Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/exodus/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And Pharao charged all his people, saying, Whatever male <i>child</i> shall be born to the Hebrews, cast into the river; and every female, save it alive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/exodus/1-22.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=150" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm">Oppression by a New King</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">21</span>And because the midwives feared God, He gave them families of their own. <span class="reftext">22</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">Then Pharaoh</a> <a href="/hebrew/6680.htm" title="6680: way·ṣaw (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order. A primitive root; to constitute, enjoin.">commanded</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: lə·ḵāl (Prep-l:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">all</a> <a href="/hebrew/5971.htm" title="5971: ‘am·mōw (N-msc:: 3ms) -- From amam; a people; specifically, a tribe; hence troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock.">his people:</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: lê·mōr (Prep-l:: V-Qal-Inf) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kāl- (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">“Every</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: hab·bên (Art:: N-ms) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/3209.htm" title="3209: hay·yil·lō·wḏ (Art:: Adj-ms) -- Born. Passive from yalad; born.">born to the Hebrews</a> <a href="/hebrew/7993.htm" title="7993: taš·lî·ḵu·hū (V-Hifil-Imperf-2mp:: 3ms) -- To throw, fling, cast. A primitive root; to throw out, down or away.">you must throw</a> <a href="/hebrew/2975.htm" title="2975: hay·’ō·rāh (Art:: N-ms:: 3fs) -- Stream (of the Nile), stream, canal. ">into the Nile,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: wə·ḵāl (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">but every</a> <a href="/hebrew/1323.htm" title="1323: hab·baṯ (Art:: N-fs) -- Daughter. From banah; a daughter.">daughter</a> <a href="/hebrew/2421.htm" title="2421: tə·ḥay·yūn (V-Piel-Imperf-2mp:: Pn) -- To live, to revive. A primitive root; to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive.">you may allow to live.”</a> </span><div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/2-16.htm">Matthew 2:16</a></span><br />When Herod saw that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he was filled with rage. Sending orders, he put to death all the boys in Bethlehem and its vicinity who were two years old and under, according to the time he had learned from the Magi.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-19.htm">Acts 7:19</a></span><br />He exploited our people and oppressed our fathers, forcing them to abandon their infants so they would die.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/11-23.htm">Hebrews 11:23</a></span><br />By faith Moses’ parents hid him for three months after his birth, because they saw that he was a beautiful child, and they were unafraid of the king’s edict.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/12-4.htm">Revelation 12:4</a></span><br />His tail swept a third of the stars from the sky, hurling them to the earth. And the dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, ready to devour her child as soon as she gave birth.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/2-13.htm">Matthew 2:13-14</a></span><br />When the Magi had gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream. “Get up!” he said. “Take the Child and His mother and flee to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod is going to search for the Child to kill Him.” / So he got up, took the Child and His mother by night, and withdrew to Egypt,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-18.htm">Acts 7:18</a></span><br />Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/105-25.htm">Psalm 105:25</a></span><br />whose hearts He turned to hate His people, to conspire against His servants.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/26-21.htm">Isaiah 26:21</a></span><br />For behold, the LORD is coming out of His dwelling to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity. The earth will reveal her bloodshed and will no longer conceal her slain.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/31-15.htm">Jeremiah 31:15</a></span><br />This is what the LORD says: “A voice is heard in Ramah, mourning and great weeping, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted, because they are no more.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hosea/11-1.htm">Hosea 11:1</a></span><br />When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called My son.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/15-13.htm">Genesis 15:13</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/37-28.htm">Genesis 37:28</a></span><br />So when the Midianite traders passed by, his brothers pulled Joseph out of the pit and sold him for twenty shekels of silver to the Ishmaelites, who took him to Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/50-20.htm">Genesis 50:20</a></span><br />As for you, what you intended against me for evil, God intended for good, in order to accomplish a day like this—to preserve the lives of many people.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/6-21.htm">Deuteronomy 6:21-22</a></span><br />then you are to tell him, “We were slaves of Pharaoh in Egypt, but the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand. / Before our eyes the LORD inflicted great and devastating signs and wonders on Egypt, on Pharaoh, and on all his household.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/11-40.htm">1 Kings 11:40</a></span><br />Solomon therefore sought to kill Jeroboam. But Jeroboam arose and fled to Egypt, to Shishak king of Egypt, where he remained until the death of Solomon.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born you shall cast into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.</p><p class="hdg">A.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Exodus 1:16</a></b></br> And he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see <i>them</i> upon the stools; if it <i>be</i> a son, then ye shall kill him: but if it <i>be</i> a daughter, then she shall live.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/7-19.htm">Exodus 7:19-21</a></b></br> And the LORD spake unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and stretch out thine hand upon the waters of Egypt, upon their streams, upon their rivers, and upon their ponds, and upon all their pools of water, that they may become blood; and <i>that</i> there may be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in <i>vessels of</i> wood, and in <i>vessels of</i> stone… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/105-25.htm">Psalm 105:25</a></b></br> He turned their heart to hate his people, to deal subtilly with his servants.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/1-18.htm">Alive</a> <a href="/exodus/1-19.htm">Birth</a> <a href="/genesis/50-23.htm">Born</a> <a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Boy</a> <a href="/genesis/39-7.htm">Cast</a> <a href="/genesis/50-16.htm">Charge</a> <a href="/genesis/50-16.htm">Charged</a> <a href="/exodus/1-17.htm">Commanded</a> <a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Daughter</a> <a href="/exodus/1-16.htm">Girl</a> <a href="/genesis/43-32.htm">Hebrews</a> <a href="/exodus/1-18.htm">Live</a> <a href="/genesis/41-18.htm">Nile</a> <a href="/exodus/1-11.htm">Order</a> <a href="/genesis/50-16.htm">Orders</a> <a href="/exodus/1-19.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/genesis/41-18.htm">River</a> <a href="/genesis/50-20.htm">Save</a> <a href="/genesis/37-22.htm">Throw</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/4-18.htm">Alive</a> <a href="/exodus/2-2.htm">Birth</a> <a href="/exodus/11-5.htm">Born</a> <a href="/exodus/2-6.htm">Boy</a> <a href="/exodus/4-3.htm">Cast</a> <a href="/exodus/5-6.htm">Charge</a> <a href="/exodus/4-28.htm">Charged</a> <a href="/exodus/4-28.htm">Commanded</a> <a href="/exodus/2-1.htm">Daughter</a> <a href="/exodus/2-5.htm">Girl</a> <a href="/exodus/2-6.htm">Hebrews</a> <a href="/exodus/2-15.htm">Live</a> <a href="/exodus/2-3.htm">Nile</a> <a href="/exodus/5-6.htm">Order</a> <a href="/exodus/5-6.htm">Orders</a> <a href="/exodus/2-5.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/2-5.htm">River</a> <a href="/exodus/12-16.htm">Save</a> <a href="/exodus/4-3.htm">Throw</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-1.htm">The children of Israel, after Joseph's death, increase.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-8.htm">The more they are oppressed by a new king, the more they multiply.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-15.htm">The godliness of the midwives in saving the male children alive.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-22.htm">Pharaoh commands the male children to be cast into the river</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Then Pharaoh commanded all his people:</b><br>This phrase indicates a royal decree from Pharaoh, the ruler of Egypt, demonstrating his absolute authority. Historically, Pharaohs were considered divine figures, and their commands were seen as law. This decree reflects the growing fear of the Israelites' increasing population and potential threat to Egyptian power. The command to all his people suggests a nationwide policy, emphasizing the severity and widespread nature of the oppression.<p><b>Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile:</b><br>The Nile River was central to Egyptian life, symbolizing both sustenance and death. This command to throw Hebrew male infants into the Nile was a form of population control and an attempt to weaken the Israelites by eliminating future male leaders and warriors. This act of infanticide is reminiscent of later biblical events, such as Herod's massacre of the innocents in <a href="/matthew/2-16.htm">Matthew 2:16</a>, drawing a parallel between Moses and Jesus as deliverers of their people. The Nile, a source of life, becomes a place of death, highlighting the perversion of Pharaoh's order.<p><b>But every daughter you may allow to live:</b><br>Allowing the daughters to live suggests a strategic decision by Pharaoh. Females were not seen as a military threat, and their survival could lead to assimilation into Egyptian culture, potentially diluting Hebrew identity. This reflects a common ancient practice of subjugating a people by absorbing them into the dominant culture. The survival of the daughters also sets the stage for the role of women in the deliverance narrative, such as Moses' mother, Jochebed, and sister, Miriam, who play crucial roles in his survival and eventual leadership.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a></b><br>The king of Egypt who issued the decree to kill Hebrew male infants. His fear of the growing Hebrew population led to this brutal command.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/h/hebrews.htm">Hebrews</a></b><br>The descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob living in Egypt. They were enslaved by the Egyptians and subjected to harsh treatment.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/n/nile_river.htm">Nile River</a></b><br>The major river in Egypt, which Pharaoh commanded to be used as a means of executing Hebrew male infants.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The land where the Israelites were enslaved. It represents a place of oppression and bondage for the Hebrews.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/h/hebrew_midwives.htm">Hebrew Midwives</a></b><br>Though not directly mentioned in this verse, they play a crucial role in the preceding verses by defying Pharaoh's earlier command to kill Hebrew male infants at birth.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_value_of_life.htm">The Value of Life</a></b><br>This passage underscores the sanctity of life and the evil of unjust decrees that seek to destroy it. Believers are called to protect and value life at all stages.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/f/faith_in_adversity.htm">Faith in Adversity</a></b><br>The Hebrews' situation teaches us to trust in God's sovereignty even when facing seemingly insurmountable challenges and threats.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/courageous_defiance.htm">Courageous Defiance</a></b><br>The actions of the Hebrew midwives and Moses' family demonstrate the importance of standing up against unjust laws and commands, prioritizing God's moral law over human decrees.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereign_plan.htm">God's Sovereign Plan</a></b><br>Despite Pharaoh's attempts to control the Hebrew population, God's plan for His people prevailed. This reminds us that God's purposes cannot be thwarted by human actions.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/d/deliverance_and_hope.htm">Deliverance and Hope</a></b><br>The oppression in Egypt sets the stage for God's deliverance through Moses, pointing to the ultimate deliverance through Christ. Believers can find hope in God's power to save.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/exodus_2_2_-_how_was_moses_hidden.htm">Exodus 2:2 – How could a newborn be successfully hidden for three months without detection by Pharaoh’s forces? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/evidence_of_pitch_baskets_for_infants.htm">Exodus 2:3 – Is there any historical or archaeological evidence for Hebrew mothers using pitch-covered baskets to conceal infants on the Nile? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_defy_pharaoh_to_save_a_hebrew_child.htm">Exodus 2:5–6 – Why would Pharaoh’s daughter openly defy her father’s edict by saving and raising a Hebrew child? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_lessons_from_moses'_life.htm">What lessons does Moses' life teach us?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(22) <span class= "bld">Every son that is born.</span>--The LXX. add "to the Hebrews," but without any necessity, since the context shows that only Hebrew children are meant.<p><span class= "bld">Ye shall cast into the river.</span>--Infanticide, so shocking to Christians, has prevailed widely at different times and places, and been regarded as a trivial matter. In Sparta, the State decided which children should live and which should die. At Athens a law of Solon left the decision to the parent. At Rome, the rule was that infants were made away with, unless the father interposed, and declared it to be his wish that a particular child should be brought up. The Syrians offered unwelcome children in sacrifice to Moloch; the Carthaginians to Melkarth. In China infanticide is said to be a common practice at the present day. Heathen nations do not generally regard human life as sacred. On the contrary, they hold that considerations of expediency justify the sweeping away of any life that inconveniences the State. Hence infanticide is introduced by Plato into his model republic (<span class= "ital">Rep. </span>v. 9). Almost all ancient nations viewed the massacre of prisoners taken in war as allowable. The Spartan <span class= "ital">crypteia </span>was a system of licensed murder. The condemnation to death of all male Hebrew children by Pharaoh is thus in no respect improbable. On the other hand, the mode of the death presents difficulties. For, first, the Nile was viewed as a god; and to fill it with corpses would, one might have supposed, have been regarded as a pollution. Secondly, the Nile water was the only water drunk; and sanitary considerations might thus have been expected to have prevented the edict. Perhaps, however, the children were viewed as offerings to the Nile, or to Savak, the crocodile headed god, of whom each crocodile was an emblem. At any rate, as the Nile swarmed with crocodiles throughout its whole course, the bodies were tolerably sure to be devoured before they became putrescent.<p><span class= "bld"><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 22.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Every son that is born</span>. The words are universal, and might seem to apply to the Egyptian, no less than the Hebrew, male children. But they are really limited by the context, which shows that there had never been any question as to taking the life of any Egyptian. With respect to the objection sometimes raised, that no Egyptian monarch would possibly have commanded such wholesale cold-blooded destruction of poor innocent harmless children, it is to be observed, first, that Egyptian monarchs had very little regard indeed for the lives of any persons who were not of their own nation. They constantly massacred prisoners taken in war - they put to death or enslaved persons cast upon their coasts (Diod. Sic. 1:67) - they cemented with the blood of their captives, as Lenormant says ('Manuel d'Hist. Anc.,' vol. 1. p. 423), each stone of their edifices. The sacredness of human life was not a principle with them. Secondly, that tender and compassionate regard for children which seems to us Englishmen of the present day a universal instinct is in truth the fruit of Christianity, and was almost unknown in the ancient world. Children who were "not wanted" were constantly exposed to be devoured by wild beasts, or otherwise made away with (Dollinger, ' Jew and Gentile,' vol. it. p. 246); and such exposition was defended by philosophers (Plat. 'Pep.' 5. p. 460 c). In Syria and Carthage they were constantly offered to idols. At Rome, unless the father interposed to save it, every child was killed. It would probably not have cost an Egyptian Pharaoh a single pang to condemn to death a number of children, any more than a number of puppies. And the rule "Salus publica suprema lex," which, if not formulated, still practically prevailed, would have been held to justify anything. <span class="cmt_word">The river</span>. Though, in the Delta, where the scene is laid throughout the early part of Exodus, there were many branches of the Nile, yet we hear constantly of "the river" (<a href="/exodus/2-3.htm">Exodus 2:3, 5</a>; <a href="/exodus/7-20.htm">Exodus 7:20, 21</a>; <a href="/exodus/8-3.htm">Exodus 8:3</a>, etc.), because one branch only, the Tanitic, was readily accessible. Tanks (Zoan) was situated on it. <p> <p> <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/exodus/1-22.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Then Pharaoh</span><br /><span class="heb">פַּרְעֹ֔ה</span> <span class="translit">(par·‘ōh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> </span><span class="str2">Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings</span><br /><br /><span class="word">commanded</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיְצַ֣ו</span> <span class="translit">(way·ṣaw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6680.htm">Strong's 6680: </a> </span><span class="str2">To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order</span><br /><br /><span class="word">all</span><br /><span class="heb">לְכָל־</span> <span class="translit">(lə·ḵāl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> </span><span class="str2">The whole, all, any, every</span><br /><br /><span class="word">his people:</span><br /><span class="heb">עַמּ֖וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(‘am·mōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5971.htm">Strong's 5971: </a> </span><span class="str2">A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock</span><br /><br /><span class="word">“Every</span><br /><span class="heb">כָּל־</span> <span class="translit">(kāl-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> </span><span class="str2">The whole, all, any, every</span><br /><br /><span class="word">son</span><br /><span class="heb">הַבֵּ֣ן</span> <span class="translit">(hab·bên)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">born [to the Hebrews]</span><br /><span class="heb">הַיִּלּ֗וֹד</span> <span class="translit">(hay·yil·lō·wḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Adjective - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3209.htm">Strong's 3209: </a> </span><span class="str2">Born</span><br /><br /><span class="word">you must throw</span><br /><span class="heb">תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ</span> <span class="translit">(taš·lî·ḵu·hū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7993.htm">Strong's 7993: </a> </span><span class="str2">To throw out, down, away</span><br /><br /><span class="word">into the Nile,</span><br /><span class="heb">הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙</span> <span class="translit">(hay·’ō·rāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2975.htm">Strong's 2975: </a> </span><span class="str2">Nile -- a channel, a fosse, canal, shaft, the Nile, the Tigris</span><br /><br /><span class="word">but every</span><br /><span class="heb">וְכָל־</span> <span class="translit">(wə·ḵāl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> </span><span class="str2">The whole, all, any, every</span><br /><br /><span class="word">daughter</span><br /><span class="heb">הַבַּ֖ת</span> <span class="translit">(hab·baṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1323.htm">Strong's 1323: </a> </span><span class="str2">A daughter</span><br /><br /><span class="word">you may allow to live.”</span><br /><span class="heb">תְּחַיּֽוּן׃</span> <span class="translit">(tə·ḥay·yūn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | Paragogic nun<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2421.htm">Strong's 2421: </a> </span><span class="str2">To live, to revive</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/exodus/1-22.htm">Exodus 1:22 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/exodus/1-22.htm">OT Law: Exodus 1:22 Pharaoh commanded all his people saying You (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/1-21.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 1:21"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 1:21" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/2-1.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 2:1"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 2:1" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>