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Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بيافرا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيافرا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="بیافرا جومهوریتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیافرا جومهوریتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="বিয়াফ্রা প্রজাতন্ত্র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিয়াফ্রা প্রজাতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Біяфра (рэспубліка) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Біяфра (рэспубліка)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биафра – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Биафра" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biaffra" title="Biaffra – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Biaffra" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Μπιάφρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπιάφρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafro" title="Biafro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Biafro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بیافرا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیافرا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC" title="비아프라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비아프라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyafara" title="Biyafara – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Biyafara" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%8Bafra" title="Bịafra – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Bịafra" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADafra" title="Bíafra – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bíafra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%94" title="ביאפרה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביאפרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serxweb%C3%BBna_Biyafray%C3%AA" title="Serxwebûna Biyafrayê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Serxwebûna Biyafrayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بيافرا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيافرا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%8E%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88" title="بیَفرو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بیَفرو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek_Biafra" title="Republiek Biafra – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Republiek Biafra" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="ビアフラ共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビアフラ共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਬਿਆਫ਼੍ਰਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਆਫ਼੍ਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="بيافرا جمهوريت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بيافرا جمهوريت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биафра – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Биафра" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t)" title="Biafra (štát) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Biafra (štát)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Бијафра – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бијафра" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra_Cumhuriyeti" title="Biafra Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Biafra Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byafra" title="Byafra – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Byafra" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Біафра – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Біафра" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بيافرا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بيافرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="比亚法拉共和国 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="比亚法拉共和国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89" title="比亞法拉 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="比亞法拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Biafra" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="比亚法拉共和国 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="比亚法拉共和国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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.infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8087921">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Republic of Biafra</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Biafra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Biafra"><img alt="Flag of Biafra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Biafra.svg/125px-Flag_of_Biafra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Biafra.svg/188px-Flag_of_Biafra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Biafra.svg/250px-Flag_of_Biafra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div> <div>Flag</div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Biafra"><img alt="Coat of arms of Biafra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Biafra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="653" /></a></span></div> <div>Coat of arms</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b>Peace, Unity, and Freedom.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Biafra_in_its_region.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The location of Biafra in West Africa"><img alt="The location of Biafra in West Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Biafra_in_its_region.svg/250px-Biafra_in_its_region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Biafra_in_its_region.svg/375px-Biafra_in_its_region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Biafra_in_its_region.svg/500px-Biafra_in_its_region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="231" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">The location of Biafra in West Africa</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enugu" title="Enugu">Enugu</a> (1967) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Umuahia" title="Umuahia">Umuahia</a> (1967-1969) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Owerri" title="Owerri">Owerri</a> (1969-1970) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Awka" title="Awka">Awka</a> (1970)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Onitsha" title="Onitsha">Onitsha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Biafran</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">77,306 km<sup>2</sup> (29,848 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biafran_Pound&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biafran Pound (not yet started)">Biafran Pound</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Biafra,</b> officially called the <b>Republic of Biafra</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a break-away state in <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was created on 30 May 1967 by the Eastern Region governor <a href="/w/index.php?title=C._Odumegwu_Ojukwu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C. Odumegwu Ojukwu (not yet started)">C. Odumegwu Ojukwu</a>. It claimed the land of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Region_(Nigeria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern Region (Nigeria) (not yet started)">Eastern Region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>. The country was mainly populated by the <a href="/wiki/Igbo_people" title="Igbo people">Igbo</a> people. </p><p>Biafra was officially <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diplomatic_recognition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diplomatic recognition (not yet started)">recognised</a> by <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Biafra was also <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> recognised by <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>. </p><p>Biafra also had aid from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Non-state_actors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Non-state actors (not yet started)">non-state actors</a>, including Joint Church Aid, foreign <a href="/wiki/Mercenary" title="Mercenary">mercenaries</a> and the Holy Ghost Fathers of Ireland. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> government under <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president</a> <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> was officially neutral during the war. There was strong public support for Biafra in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American activists founded the American Committee to Keep Biafra Alive to spread <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> United States president Richard Nixon was supportive of the Biafran cause. Before he won the <a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968 presidential election</a> he accused Nigeria of committing <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> against the Biafrans. He also called for the United States to intervene in the war on the side of Biafra. His efforts failed because of the demands of the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. After two-and-a-half years of war with Nigeria, during which almost two million Biafran <a href="/wiki/Civilian" title="Civilian">civilians</a> (three-quarters of them being smaller children) died from <a href="/wiki/Starvation" title="Starvation">starvation</a> caused by the Nigerian <a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">blockade</a> of the region. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starved_girl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Starved_girl.jpg/170px-Starved_girl.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Starved_girl.jpg/255px-Starved_girl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Starved_girl.jpg/340px-Starved_girl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1177" data-file-height="1788" /></a><figcaption>A child suffering the effects of severe hunger and <a href="/wiki/Kwashiorkor" title="Kwashiorkor">malnutrition</a> during the Nigerian blockade</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biafra&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Economy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biafra&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Economy"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An early body created by the Biafran government was the Bank of Biafra, made under "Decree No. 3 of 1967".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bank" title="Bank">bank</a> carried out all central banking functions including the management of foreign exchange and the management of Biafra's public <a href="/wiki/Debt" title="Debt">debt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bank was managed by a <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">governor</a> and four directors. The first governor was Sylvester Ugoh.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second degree, "Decree No. 4 of 1967", changed the Banking Act of the Federal Republic of Nigeria for the Republic of Biafra.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bank was originally in Enugu but because of the <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Civil_War" title="Nigerian Civil War">Nigerian Civil War</a> it had to be moved multiple times.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biafra tried to finance the war through <a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_market" title="Foreign exchange market">foreign exchange</a>. This effort increased when Nigeria said that its <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">currency</a> wouldn't be <a href="/wiki/Legal_tender" title="Legal tender">legal tender</a> (to make way for a new currency). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biafra&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biafra&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historians.org/teaching-and-learning/teaching-resources-for-historians/teaching-and-learning-in-the-digital-age/through-the-lens-of-history-biafra-nigeria-the-west-and-the-world/the-republic-of-biafra">"The Republic of Biafra | AHA"</a>. <i>www.historians.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historians.org&rft.atitle=The+Republic+of+Biafra+%7C+AHA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historians.org%2Fteaching-and-learning%2Fteaching-resources-for-historians%2Fteaching-and-learning-in-the-digital-age%2Fthrough-the-lens-of-history-biafra-nigeria-the-west-and-the-world%2Fthe-republic-of-biafra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABiafra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFHurst2009" class="citation web cs1">Hurst, Ryan (2009-06-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/republic-biafra-1967-1970/">"Republic of Biafra (1967-1970) •"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republic+of+Biafra+%281967-1970%29+%E2%80%A2&rft.date=2009-06-21&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackpast.org%2Fglobal-african-history%2Frepublic-biafra-1967-1970%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABiafra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2198977">"Was "Biafra" at Any Time A State in International Law?"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfr.org/blog/fifty-years-later-us-intelligence-shortcomings-nigerian-civil-war">"Fifty Years Later: U.S. Intelligence Shortcomings in the Nigerian Civil War"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14623528.2014.936723?cookieSet=1">"'And starvation is the grim reaper': the American Committee to Keep Biafra Alive and the genocide question during the Nigerian civil war, 1968–70"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1">6.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2">6.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-3">6.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080827224301/http://www.pjsymes.com.au/articles/biafra.htm">"The Banknotes of Biafra"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2008-08-27. Archived from the original on 2008-08-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=The+Banknotes+of+Biafra&rft.date=2008-08-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pjsymes.com.au%2Farticles%2Fbiafra.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABiafra" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allafrica.com/stories/201102280439.html">"Nigeria: The men who may be President (1)"</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biafra&oldid=9152782">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biafra&oldid=9152782</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_countries_in_Africa" title="Category:Former countries in Africa">Former countries in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nigeria" title="Category:Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 25 October 2023, at 19:23.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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