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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ver_também" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ver_também"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ver também</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ver_também-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gregos pônticos</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 39 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="يونانيون بنطيون — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يونانيون بنطيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont_yunanlar%C4%B1" title="Pont yunanları — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pont yunanları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Понтийски гърци — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Понтийски гърци" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecs_p%C3%B2ntics" title="Grecs pòntics — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grecs pòntics" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont%C5%A1t%C3%AD_%C5%98ekov%C3%A9" title="Pontští Řekové — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pontští Řekové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontosgriechen" title="Pontosgriechen — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pontosgriechen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Πόντιοι — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πόντιοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pontic Greeks" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekoj_de_la_Ponto" title="Grekoj de la Ponto — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grekoj de la Ponto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griegos_p%C3%B3nticos" title="Griegos pónticos — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Griegos pónticos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontoko_greziar" title="Pontoko greziar — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pontoko greziar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiques" title="Pontiques — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pontiques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontyske_Griken" title="Pontyske Griken — frísico ocidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Pontyske Griken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frísico ocidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3nticos" title="Pónticos — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pónticos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D" title="יוונים פונטים — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יוונים פונטים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontski_Grci" title="Pontski Grci — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pontski Grci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Պոնտացիներ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պոնտացիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Yunani_Pontos" title="Orang Yunani Pontos — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Yunani Pontos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greci_del_Ponto" title="Greci del Ponto — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Greci del Ponto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%82%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="ポントス人 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポントス人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პონტოელები — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პონტოელები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yewnan%C3%AAn_pont%C3%AE" title="Yewnanên pontî — curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Yewnanên pontî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponto_graikai" title="Ponto graikai — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ponto graikai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Yunani_Pontik" title="Orang Yunani Pontik — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Yunani Pontik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontische_Grieken" title="Pontische Grieken — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pontische Grieken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiere" title="Pontiere — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pontiere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Понты грекъ — ossético" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Понты грекъ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossético" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Πόντιοι — Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Πόντιοι" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greci_pontici" title="Greci pontici — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Greci pontici" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Понтийцы — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Понтийцы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontski_Grci" title="Pontski Grci — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pontski Grci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pontic Greeks" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontsk%C3%AD_Gr%C3%A9ci" title="Pontskí Gréci — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pontskí Gréci" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Понтски Грци — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Понтски Грци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontier" title="Pontier — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pontier" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontus_Rumlar%C4%B1" title="Pontus Rumları — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pontus Rumları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Понтійські греки — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Понтійські греки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontan_grekalai%C5%BEed" title="Pontan grekalaižed — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pontan grekalaižed" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E9%83%BD%E4%BA%BA" title="本都人 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="本都人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q679524#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Mais_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Esta página cita fontes, mas não cobrem todo o conteúdo" 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font-size:90%;" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background:#fee8ab; color:#800000:;">Gregos pônticos<br />Πόντιοι </th></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none; padding:8px 0 0 0; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Pontus_Greek_family.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Pontus_Greek_family.JPG/305px-Pontus_Greek_family.JPG" decoding="async" width="305" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Pontus_Greek_family.JPG/458px-Pontus_Greek_family.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Pontus_Greek_family.JPG/610px-Pontus_Greek_family.JPG 2x" data-file-width="946" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></td></tr> <tr><td style="border:none; padding:4px 0 8px 0; line-height:11pt; font-size:95%; text-align: center;">Uma família de gregos pônticos de Kerasounta (atual <a href="/wiki/Giresun" title="Giresun">Giresun</a>) no início do <span style="white-space:nowrap;">século XX</span></td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#fee8ab; text-align: center;">População total</th></tr> <tr><td> <p>aprox. 2 milhões<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> a 2,5 milhões<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#fee8ab; text-align: center;">Regiões com população significativa</th></tr> <tr><td> <table align="center" style="width:100%; background:transparent; text-align:left; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cia" title="Grécia">Grécia</a></td> <td align="right">500 000 (2019)</td> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a></td> <td align="right">464 530 (1919)</td> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BAssia" title="Rússia">Rússia</a></td> <td align="right"></td> <td style="padding-left:1em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">Estados Unidos</a></td> <td align="right"></td> <td style="padding-left:1em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a></td> <td align="right"></td> <td style="padding-left:1em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ucr%C3%A2nia" title="Ucrânia">Ucrânia</a></td> <td align="right"></td> <td style="padding-left:1em;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#fee8ab; text-align: center;">Línguas</th></tr> <tr><td> Predominantemente <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_grega" title="Língua grega">grego</a> e <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_grega_p%C3%B4ntica" title="Língua grega pôntica">grego pôntico</a>, mas também as línguas de seus países de residência, como <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_arm%C3%AAnia" title="Língua armênia">armênio</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_russa" title="Língua russa">russo</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_turca" title="Língua turca">turco</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_georgiana" title="Língua georgiana">georgiano</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_urum" title="Língua urum">urum</a></td></tr> <tr><th style="background:#fee8ab; text-align: center;">Religiões</th></tr> <tr><td> <a href="/wiki/Igreja_Ortodoxa_Grega" title="Igreja Ortodoxa Grega">Igreja Ortodoxa Grega</a> • <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Igreja_Ortodoxa_Russa" title="Igreja Ortodoxa Russa">Igreja Ortodoxa Russa</a></span> • <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Islão">Islã</a> <a href="/wiki/Sunismo" title="Sunismo">sunita</a></span></td></tr> <tr><th style="background:#fee8ab; text-align: center;">Etnia</th></tr> <tr><td> <a href="/wiki/Gregos" title="Gregos">Gregos</a></td></tr> <tr><th style="background:#fee8ab; text-align: center;">Grupos étnicos relacionados</th></tr> <tr><td> <a href="/wiki/Capad%C3%B3cios_gregos" title="Capadócios gregos">Capadócios gregos</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG/319px-Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG" decoding="async" width="319" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG/479px-Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG/638px-Pontian_Greek_Soldiers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>Soldados gregos pônticos no início do <span style="white-space:nowrap;">século XX</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Os <b>gregos pônticos</b> (em <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_grega" title="Língua grega">grego</a>: <span lang="el" class="politonico">Πόντιοι, Ελληνοπόντιοι</span>; <a href="/wiki/Romaniza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(lingu%C3%ADstica)" title="Romanização (linguística)">romaniz.</a>: <span lang="el-Latn" title="ISO 843 Greek" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none"><i>Póntioi</i> ou <i>Ellinopóntioi</i></span>; em <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_turca" title="Língua turca">turco</a>: <span lang="tr">Pontus Rumları ou Karadeniz Rumlari</span>) constituem um grupo étnico <a href="/wiki/Gregos" title="Gregos">grego</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> que tradicionalmente vivia na região do <a href="/wiki/Ponto_(regi%C3%A3o)" title="Ponto (região)">Ponto</a>, no nordeste da <a href="/wiki/Anat%C3%B3lia" title="Anatólia">Anatólia</a>, que é hoje o nordeste da <a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a>. </p><p>Os gregos pônticos encontravam-se sobretudo na região do Ponto, às margens do <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negro" title="Mar Negro">mar Negro</a>, nos <a href="/wiki/Montes_P%C3%B4nticos" title="Montes Pônticos">montes Pônticos</a> e na <a href="/wiki/Kars_(prov%C3%ADncia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kars (província)">província de Kars</a> (que no <span style="white-space:nowrap;">século XIX</span> foi temporariamente ocupada pela <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BAssia" title="Rússia">Rússia</a>), além de outras regiões do <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ucaso" title="Cáucaso">Cáucaso</a> e da <a href="/wiki/Ge%C3%B3rgia" title="Geórgia">Geórgia</a>. Aqueles que viviam ao sul da Rússia e da <a href="/wiki/Crimeia" title="Crimeia">Crimeia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ucr%C3%A2nia" title="Ucrânia">Ucrânia</a>) são muitas vezes referidos como "[gregos] pônticos do norte", em contraste com os "pônticos do sul". Aqueles que viviam na Geórgia, no nordeste da Anatólia e no antigo Cáucaso russo são muitas vezes referidos nos círculos acadêmicos gregos contemporâneos como "[gregos] pônticos do leste" ou "gregos do Cáucaso". </p><p>Esse grupo étnico consiste de descendentes gregos e falam o <a href="/wiki/Dialeto" title="Dialeto">dialeto</a> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_grega_p%C3%B4ntica" title="Língua grega pôntica">grego pôntico</a>, uma forma distinta da <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_grega" title="Língua grega">língua grega</a> padrão que, devido ao afastamento, teve um processo de evolução linguística diferente da do resto do mundo grego. Os gregos pônticos tiveram uma presença contínua na região do Ponto, na Geórgia e no nordeste da Anatólia desde pelo menos <span style="white-space:nowrap;">700 a.C.</span> até 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregos_p%C3%B4nticos&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregos_p%C3%B4nticos&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genoc%C3%ADdio_grego" title="Genocídio grego">Genocídio grego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troca_de_popula%C3%A7%C3%B5es_entre_a_Gr%C3%A9cia_e_a_Turquia" title="Troca de populações entre a Grécia e a Turquia">Troca de populações entre a Grécia e a Turquia</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDufoix2008" class="citation">Dufoix, Stephane (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diasporas00dufo_756"><i>Diasporas</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9780520941298" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/9780520941298">9780520941298</a>, University of California Press, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diasporas00dufo_756/page/n62">40</a>, <q>For example, there are 2 million Pontic Greeks worldwide, mostly in Russia, Ukraine, Greece, Germany, and Sweden.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGregos+p%C3%B4nticos&rft.aufirst=Stephane&rft.aulast=Dufoix&rft.btitle=Diasporas&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780520941298&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiasporas00dufo_756&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPhrankoulē-Argyrē2006" class="citation">Phrankoulē-Argyrē, Ioustinē (2006), <i>Spyridon, Archbishop of America, 1996 – 1999: the heritage</i>, Hellēnika Grammata, p. 175, <q>Οι ξεριζωμένοι και διασκορπισμένοι στα πέρατα της οικουμένης έλληνες του Πόντου συμποσούνται σήμερα γύρω στα 2.500.000.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGregos+p%C3%B4nticos&rft.aufirst=Ioustin%C4%93&rft.aulast=Phrankoul%C4%93-Argyr%C4%93&rft.btitle=Spyridon%2C+Archbishop+of+America%2C+1996+%93+1999%3A+the+heritage&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Hell%C4%93nika+Grammata&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bateman, Jessica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20190812-the-revival-of-a-second-greek-language">«The revival of a second Greek language»</a>. <i>www.bbc.com</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de maio de 2021</span>. <q>Today, around 500,000 Pontics live in Greece – around 5% of the total population...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGregos+p%C3%B4nticos&rft.atitle=The+revival+of+a+second+Greek+language&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.aulast=Bateman&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ftravel%2Fstory%2F20190812-the-revival-of-a-second-greek-language&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Greece: The Modern Sequel: from 1821 to the present. John S. Koliopoulos,Thanos Veremis,C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd (Mai 2007) P. 285</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAlan_John_Day,_Roger_East,_Richard_Thomas2002" class="citation">Alan John Day, Roger East, Richard Thomas (2002), <i>A Political and Economic Dictionary of Eastern Europe</i>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/1857430638" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/1857430638">1857430638</a>, Psychology Press, p. 454</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGregos+p%C3%B4nticos&rft.au=Alan+John+Day%2C+Roger+East%2C+Richard+Thomas&rft.btitle=A+Political+and+Economic+Dictionary+of+Eastern+Europe&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1857430638&rft.pages=454&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTotten,_Samuel;_Bartrop,_Paul_Robert;_Jacobs,_Steven_L.2008" class="citation">Totten, Samuel; Bartrop, Paul Robert; Jacobs, Steven L. (2008), <i>Dictionary of Genocide: A-L</i>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0313346429" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0313346429">0313346429</a>, ABC-CLIO, p. 337</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGregos+p%C3%B4nticos&rft.au=Totten%2C+Samuel%3B+Bartrop%2C+Paul+Robert%3B+Jacobs%2C+Steven+L.&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Genocide%3A+A-L&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0313346429&rft.pages=337&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWood,_Michael2005" class="citation">Wood, Michael (2005), <i>In Search of Myths & Heroes: Exploring Four Epic Legends of the World</i>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0520247248" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0520247248">0520247248</a>, University of California Press, p. 109</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGregos+p%C3%B4nticos&rft.au=Wood%2C+Michael&rft.btitle=In+Search+of+Myths+%26+Heroes%3A+Exploring+Four+Epic+Legends+of+the+World&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0520247248&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregos_p%C3%B4nticos&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregos_p%C3%B4nticos&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Bibliografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r60995074">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin reflist" style=""> <ul><li>Halo, Thea. <i>Not Even My Name</i>. Picador. 2000. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9780312262112" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-312-26211-2</a></li> <li>Hofmann, Tessa, ed. <i>Verfolgung, Vertreibung und Vernichtung der Christen im Osmanischen Reich 1912–1922</i>. Münster: LIT, 2004. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9783825878238" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-8258-7823-8</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregos_p%C3%B4nticos&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregos_p%C3%B4nticos&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui uma <i>categoria</i> com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pontic_Greeks?uselang=pt">Gregos pônticos</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pontos.gr/">Site oficial da Federação Pôntica da Grécia</a> (em grego e inglês). www.pontos.gr. 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