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mechanism</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: sonochemical mechanism"> <meta name="keywords" content="sonochemical mechanism"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="sonochemical mechanism"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3123</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: sonochemical mechanism</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3063</span> Research on Level Adjusting Mechanism System of Large Space Environment Simulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Xiao">Han Xiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Lei"> Zhang Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Hai"> Huang Hai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lv%20Shizeng"> Lv Shizeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Space environment simulator is a device for spacecraft test. KM8 large space environment simulator built in Tianjing Space City is the largest as well as the most advanced space environment simulator in China. Large deviation of spacecraft level will lead to abnormally work of the thermal control device in spacecraft during the thermal vacuum test. In order to avoid thermal vacuum test failure, level adjusting mechanism system is developed in the KM8 large space environment simulator as one of the most important subsystems. According to the level adjusting requirements of spacecraft’s thermal vacuum tests, the four fulcrums adjusting model is established. By means of collecting level instruments and displacement sensors data, stepping motors controlled by PLC drive four supporting legs simultaneous movement. In addition, a PID algorithm is used to control the temperature of supporting legs and level instruments which long time work under the vacuum cold and black environment in KM8 large space environment simulator during thermal vacuum tests. Based on the above methods, the data acquisition and processing, the analysis and calculation, real time adjustment and fault alarming of the level adjusting mechanism system are implemented. The level adjusting accuracy reaches 1mm/m, and carrying capacity is 20 tons. Debugging showed that the level adjusting mechanism system of KM8 large space environment simulator can meet the thermal vacuum test requirement of the new generation spacecraft. The performance and technical indicators of the level adjusting mechanism system which provides important support for the development of spacecraft in China have been ahead of similar equipment in the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20environment%20simulator" title="space environment simulator">space environment simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20vacuum%20test" title=" thermal vacuum test"> thermal vacuum test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20adjusting" title=" level adjusting"> level adjusting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spacecraft" title=" spacecraft"> spacecraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20mechanism" title=" parallel mechanism"> parallel mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69565/research-on-level-adjusting-mechanism-system-of-large-space-environment-simulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3062</span> Pareto Optimal Material Allocation Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Egri">Peter Egri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamas%20Kis"> Tamas Kis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scheduling problems have been studied by the algorithmic mechanism design research from the beginning. This paper is focusing on a practically important, but theoretically rather neglected field: the project scheduling problem where the jobs connected by precedence constraints compete for various nonrenewable resources, such as materials. Although the centralized problem can be solved in polynomial-time by applying the algorithm of Carlier and Rinnooy Kan from the Eighties, obtaining materials in a decentralized environment is usually far from optimal. It can be observed in practical production scheduling situations that project managers tend to cache the required materials as soon as possible in order to avoid later delays due to material shortages. This greedy practice usually leads both to excess stocks for some projects and materials, and simultaneously, to shortages for others. The aim of this study is to develop a model for the material allocation problem of a production plant, where a central decision maker—the inventory—should assign the resources arriving at different points in time to the jobs. Since the actual due dates are not known by the inventory, the mechanism design approach is applied with the projects as the self-interested agents. The goal of the mechanism is to elicit the required information and allocate the available materials such that it minimizes the maximal tardiness among the projects. It is assumed that except the due dates, the inventory is familiar with every other parameters of the problem. A further requirement is that due to practical considerations monetary transfer is not allowed. Therefore a mechanism without money is sought which excludes some widely applied solutions such as the Vickrey–Clarke–Groves scheme. In this work, a type of Serial Dictatorship Mechanism (SDM) is presented for the studied problem, including a polynomial-time algorithm for computing the material allocation. The resulted mechanism is both truthful and Pareto optimal. Thus the randomization over the possible priority orderings of the projects results in a universally truthful and Pareto optimal randomized mechanism. However, it is shown that in contrast to problems like the many-to-many matching market, not every Pareto optimal solution can be generated with an SDM. In addition, no performance guarantee can be given compared to the optimal solution, therefore this approximation characteristic is investigated with experimental study. All in all, the current work studies a practically relevant scheduling problem and presents a novel truthful material allocation mechanism which eliminates the potential benefit of the greedy behavior that negatively influences the outcome. The resulted allocation is also shown to be Pareto optimal, which is the most widely used criteria describing a necessary condition for a reasonable solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20allocation" title="material allocation">material allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism%20without%20money" title=" mechanism without money"> mechanism without money</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polynomial-time%20mechanism" title=" polynomial-time mechanism"> polynomial-time mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20scheduling" title=" project scheduling"> project scheduling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68829/pareto-optimal-material-allocation-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3061</span> Determination of Friction and Damping Coefficients of Folded Cover Mechanism Deployed by Torsion Springs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Yilmaz">I. Yilmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Taga"> O. Taga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Kosar"> F. Kosar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Keles"> O. Keles</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, friction and damping coefficients of folded cover mechanism were obtained in accordance with experimental studies and data. Friction and damping coefficients are the most important inputs to accomplish a mechanism analysis. Friction and damping are two objects that change the time of deployment of mechanisms and their dynamic behaviors. Though recommended friction coefficient values exist in literature, damping is differentiating feature according to mechanic systems. So the damping coefficient should be obtained from mechanism test outputs. In this study, the folded cover mechanism use torsion springs for deploying covers that are formerly close folded position. Torsion springs provide folded covers with desirable deploying time according to variable environmental conditions. To verify all design revisions with system tests will be so costly so that some decisions are taken in accordance with numerical methods. In this study, there are two folded covers required to deploy simultaneously. Scotch-yoke and crank-rod mechanisms were combined to deploy folded covers simultaneously. The mechanism was unlocked with a pyrotechnic bolt onto scotch-yoke disc. When pyrotechnic bolt was exploded, torsion springs provided rotational movement for mechanism. Quick motion camera was recording dynamic behaviors of system during deployment case. Dynamic model of mechanism was modeled as rigid body with Adams MBD (multi body dynamics) then torque values provided by torsion springs were used as an input. A well-advised range of friction and damping coefficients were defined in Adams DOE (design of experiment) then a large number of analyses were performed until deployment time of folded covers run in with test data observed in record of quick motion camera, thus the deployment time of mechanism and dynamic behaviors were obtained. Same mechanism was tested with different torsion springs and torque values then outputs were compared with numerical models. According to comparison, it was understood that friction and damping coefficients obtained in this study can be used safely when studying on folded objects required to deploy simultaneously. In addition to model generated with Adams as rigid body the finite element model of folded mechanism was generated with Abaqus then the outputs of rigid body model and finite element model was compared. Finally, the reasonable solutions were suggested about different outputs of these solution methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping" title="damping">damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyro-technic" title=" pyro-technic"> pyro-technic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scotch-yoke" title=" scotch-yoke"> scotch-yoke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70126/determination-of-friction-and-damping-coefficients-of-folded-cover-mechanism-deployed-by-torsion-springs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3060</span> Integrated Clean Development Mechanism and Risk Management Approach for Infrastructure Transportation Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasis%20Sarkar">Debasis Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Clean development mechanism (CDM) can act as an effective instrument for mitigating climate change. This mechanism can effectively reduce the emission of CO2 and other green house gases (GHG). Construction of a mega infrastructure project like underground corridor construction for metro rail operation involves in consumption of substantial quantity of concrete which consumes huge quantity of energy consuming materials like cement and steel. This paper is an attempt to develop an integrated clean development mechanism and risk management approach for sustainable development for an underground corridor metro rail project in India during its construction phase. It was observed that about 35% reduction in CO2 emission can be obtained by adding fly ash as a part replacement of cement. The reduced emission quantity of CO2 which is of the quantum of about 21,646.36 MT would result in cost savings of approximately INR 8.5 million (USD 1,29,878).But construction and operation of such infrastructure projects of the present era are subject to huge risks and uncertainties throughout all the phases of the project, thus reducing the probability of successful completion of the project within stipulated time and cost frame. Thus, an integrated approach of combining CDM with risk management would enable the metro rail authorities to develop a sustainable risk mitigation measure framework to ensure more cost and energy savings and lesser time and cost over-run. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20development%20mechanism%20%28CDM%29" title="clean development mechanism (CDM)">clean development mechanism (CDM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure%20transportation" title=" infrastructure transportation"> infrastructure transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20risk%20management" title=" project risk management"> project risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underground%20metro%20rail" title=" underground metro rail "> underground metro rail </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24661/integrated-clean-development-mechanism-and-risk-management-approach-for-infrastructure-transportation-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24661.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3059</span> Failure Mechanisms of Isolated vs. in Aggregate Historical Buildings: A Case Study for Timisoara, Romania</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Apostol">I. Apostol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mosoarca"> M. Mosoarca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Romania is a seismic country, with two major seismic zones, Vrancea and Banat. One of the most important cities from Banat seismic area is Timisoara, where a lot of valuable historical buildings were built before any design codes, but still they kept their stability during past earthquakes. This article presents the influence of the adjacent buildings during an earthquake and the way that the specific failure mechanism is changed when the building is part of an aggregate. The investigation was made using nonlinear analysis based on Tremuri software, first analyzing the buildings as isolated and second, considering the entire aggregate of buildings. There were noticed significant differences through the two situations regarding the specific failure mechanism activated for each building, showing the fact that in some situations, the presence of the adjacent buildings has positive or negative contribution for the seismic behavior of the analyzed one. The difference between the failure mechanism of the same buildings considered isolated and in aggregate aims to provide explications for the good structural state of the existing historical areas of Timisoara, as part of a larger multidisciplinary study, which will help local authorities to prioritize the consolidation works for the historical buildings in order to assure that the history of the city will be kept alive for the next generations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20mechanism" title="failure mechanism">failure mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis" title=" analysis"> analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregate" title=" aggregate"> aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry" title=" masonry"> masonry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98434/failure-mechanisms-of-isolated-vs-in-aggregate-historical-buildings-a-case-study-for-timisoara-romania" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3058</span> Analysis of Mechanisms for Design of Add-On Device to Assist in Stair Climbing of Wheelchairs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manish%20Kumar%20Prajapat">Manish Kumar Prajapat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vishwajeet%20Sikchi"> Vishwajeet Sikchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present scenario, many motorized stair climbing wheelchairs are available in the western countries which are significantly expensive and hence are not popular in developing countries. Also, such wheelchairs tend to be bulkier and heavy which makes their use for normal conditions difficult. Manually operated solutions are rarely explored in this space. Therefore, this project aims at developing a manually operated cost effective solution for the same. Differently abled people are not required to climb stairs frequently in their daily use. Because of this, carrying a stair climbing mechanism attached to the wheelchair permanently adds redundant weight to the wheelchair which reduces ease of use of the wheelchair. Hence, the idea of add-on device for stair climbing was envisaged wherein the wheelchair is mounted onto add-on only at the time when climbing the stairs is required. This work analyses in detail the mechanism for stair climbing of conventional wheelchair followed by analysis and iterations on multiple mechanisms to identify the most suitable mechanism for application in the add-on device. Further, this work imparts specific attention to optimize the force and time required for stair climbing of wheelchairs. The most suitable mechanism identified was validated by building and testing a prototype. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=add-on%20device" title="add-on device">add-on device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rocker-Bogie" title=" Rocker-Bogie"> Rocker-Bogie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stair%20climbing" title=" stair climbing"> stair climbing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=star%20wheel" title=" star wheel"> star wheel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=y%20wheel" title=" y wheel"> y wheel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68796/analysis-of-mechanisms-for-design-of-add-on-device-to-assist-in-stair-climbing-of-wheelchairs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3057</span> Potentiostatic Electrodeposition of Cu₂O Films as P-Type Electrode at Room Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Moharam">M. M. Moharam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20M.%20Elsayed"> E. M. Elsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Rashad"> M. M. Rashad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Single phase Cu₂O films have been prepared via an electrodeposition technique onto ITO glass substrates at room temperature. Likewise, Cu₂O films were deposited using a potentiostatic process from an alkaline electrolyte containing copper (II) nitrate and 1M sodium citrate. Single phase Cu₂O films were electrodeposited at a cathodic deposition potential of 500mV for a reaction period of 90 min, and pH of 12 to yield a film thickness of 0.49 µm. The mechanism for nucleation of Cu₂O films was found to vary with deposition potential. Applying the Scharifker and Hills model at -500 and -600 mV to describe the mechanism of nucleation for the electrochemical reaction, the nucleation mechanism consisted of a mix between instantaneous and progressive growth mechanisms at -500 mV, while above -600 mV the growth mechanism was instantaneous. Using deposition times from 30 to 90 min at -500 mV deposition potential, pure Cu2O films with different microstructures were electrodeposited. Changing the deposition time from 30 to 90 min varied the microstructure from cubic to more complex polyhedra. The transmittance of electrodeposited Cu₂O films ranged from 20-70% in visible range, and samples exhibited a 2.4 eV band gap. The electrical resistivity for electrodeposited Cu₂O films was found to decrease with increasing deposition time from 0.854 x 105 Ω-cm at 30 min to 0.221 x 105 Ω-cm at 90 min without any thermal treatment following the electrodeposition process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu%E2%82%82O" title="Cu₂O">Cu₂O</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrodeposition" title=" electrodeposition"> electrodeposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20thickness" title=" film thickness"> film thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57827/potentiostatic-electrodeposition-of-cu2o-films-as-p-type-electrode-at-room-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3056</span> A Proposed Mechanism for Skewing Symmetric Distributions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Alodat">M. T. Alodat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a mechanism for skewing any symmetric distribution. The new distribution is called the deflation-inflation distribution (DID). We discuss some statistical properties of the DID such moments, stochastic representation, log-concavity. Also we fit the distribution to real data and we compare it to normal distribution and Azzlaini's skew normal distribution. Numerical results show that the DID fits the the tree ring data better than the other two distributions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20distribution" title="normal distribution">normal distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moments" title=" moments"> moments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisher%20information" title=" Fisher information"> Fisher information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetric%20distributions" title=" symmetric distributions"> symmetric distributions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28593/a-proposed-mechanism-for-skewing-symmetric-distributions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3055</span> Removal of Oxytetracycline Using Sonophotocatalysis: Parametric Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouafia-Chergui%20Sou%C3%A2d">Bouafia-Chergui Souâd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chabani%20Malika"> Chabani Malika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bensmaili%20Aicha"> Bensmaili Aicha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water treatment and especially, medicament pollutants are nowadays important problems. Degradation of oxytetracycline was carried out using combined process of low-frequency ultrasound (US), ultraviolet irradiation and a catalyst. The effectiveness of the coupled processes has been evaluated by studying the effects of various operating parameters including initial OTC concentration, solution pH and catalyst mass. For the photolysis process, the monochromatic ultraviolet light wavelength utilized was 365 nm. The sonolysis experiments were performed with ultrasound at a frequency of 40 kHz. The heterogeneous photocatalysis was studied in the presence of TiO2. The processes were employed individually, and simultaneously to examine the details of the processes and to investigate the contribution of each process. Low UV intensity (12W), low pH and high mass of TiO2 conditions enhanced the sono-photocatalytic degradation of OTC. The results showed that the individual contribution sonochemical and photochemical reactions are very low, however, their coupling increases the degradation rate of 8 times compared to photolysis and 2 times compared to sonolysis. There is a synergistic effect between the two modes of radiation, UV and U.S. leading to 82.04% degradation yield. An application of these combined processes on the treatment of a real pharmaceutical wastewater was examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonolysis" title="sonolysis">sonolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalysis" title=" photocatalysis"> photocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20process" title=" combined process"> combined process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title=" antibiotic"> antibiotic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42492/removal-of-oxytetracycline-using-sonophotocatalysis-parametric-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3054</span> Filler Elastomers Abrasion at Steady State: Optimal Use Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djeridi%20Rachid">Djeridi Rachid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ould%20Ouali%20Mohand"> Ould Ouali Mohand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The search of a mechanism for the elastomer abrasive wear study is an open issue. The practice difficulties are complex due to the complexity of deformation mechanism, to the complex mechanism of the material tearing and to the marked interactions between the tribological parameters. In this work, we present an experimental technique to study the elastomers abrasive wear. The interaction 'elastomer/indenter' implicate dependant ant temporary of different tribological parameters. Consequently, the phenomenon that governs this interaction is not easy to explain. An optimal elastomers compounding and an adequate utilization conditions of these materials that define its resistance at the abrasion is discussed. The results are confronted to theoretical models: the weight loss variation in function of blade angle or in function of cycle number is in agreement with rupture models and with the mechanism of fissures propagation during the material tearing in abrasive wear of filler elastomers. The weight loss in function of the sliding velocity shows the existence of a critical velocity that corresponds to the maximal wear. The adding of silica or black carbon influences in a different manner on wear abrasive behavior of filler elastomers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abrasion%20wear" title="abrasion wear">abrasion wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filler%20elastomer" title=" filler elastomer"> filler elastomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribology" title=" tribology"> tribology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperelastic" title=" hyperelastic"> hyperelastic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25969/filler-elastomers-abrasion-at-steady-state-optimal-use-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3053</span> Characteristics of Elastic Tracked-Crawler Based on Worm-Rack Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-ya%20Nagase">Jun-ya Nagase</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are many pipes such as a water pipe and a gas pipe in a chemical plant and house. It is possible to prevent accidents by these inspections. However, many pipes are very narrow and it is difficult for people to inspect directly. Therefore, development of a robot that can move in narrow pipe is necessary. A wheel movement type robot, a snake-like robot and a multi-leg robot are all described in the relevant literature as pipe inspection robots that are currently studied. Among them, the tracked crawler robot can travel by traversing uneven ground flexibly with a crawler belt attached firmly to the ground surface. Although conventional crawler robots have high efficiency and/or high ground-covering ability, they require a comparatively large space to move. In this study, a cylindrical crawler robot based on worm-rack mechanism, which does not need large space to move and which has high ground-covering ability, is proposed. Experiments have demonstrated smooth operation and a forward movement of the robot by application of voltage to the motor. In addition, performance tests show that it can propel itself in confined spaces. This paper reports the structure, drive mechanism, prototype, and experimental evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracked-crawler" title="tracked-crawler">tracked-crawler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipe%20inspection%20robot" title=" pipe inspection robot"> pipe inspection robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=worm-rack%20mechanism" title=" worm-rack mechanism"> worm-rack mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amoeba%20locomotion" title=" amoeba locomotion"> amoeba locomotion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4974/characteristics-of-elastic-tracked-crawler-based-on-worm-rack-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3052</span> A Principal-Agent Model for Sharing Mechanism in Integrated Project Delivery Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shan%20Li">Shan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiuwen%20Ma"> Qiuwen Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integrated project delivery (IPD) is a project delivery method distinguished by a shared risk/rewards mechanism and multiparty agreement. IPD has drawn increasingly attention from construction industry because of its efficiency of solving adversarial problems and reliability to deliver high-performing buildings. However, some evidence showed that some project participants obtained less profit from IPD projects than the typical projects. They attributed it to the unfair IPD sharing mechanism, which resulted in additional time and cost of negotiation on the sharing fractions among project participants. The study is aimed to investigate the reward distribution by constructing a principal-agent model. Based on cooperative game theory, it is examined how to distribute the shared project rewards between client and non-client parties, and identify the sharing fractions among non-client parties. It is found that at least half of the project savings should be allocated to the non-client parties to motivate them to create more project value. Second, the client should raise his sharing fractions when the integration among project participants is efficient. In addition, the client should allocate higher sharing fractions to the non-client party who is more able. This study can help the IPD project participants make fair and motivated sharing mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20game%20theory" title="cooperative game theory">cooperative game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPD" title=" IPD"> IPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20agent%20model" title=" principal agent model"> principal agent model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sharing%20mechanism" title=" sharing mechanism"> sharing mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92285/a-principal-agent-model-for-sharing-mechanism-in-integrated-project-delivery-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3051</span> A Propose of Personnel Assessment Method Including a Two-Way Assessment for Evaluating Evaluators and Employees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shunsuke%20Saito">Shunsuke Saito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuho%20Yoshimoto"> Kazuho Yoshimoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shunichi%20Ohmori"> Shunichi Ohmori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirawadee%20Arunyanart"> Sirawadee Arunyanart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we suggest a mechanism of assessment that rater and Ratee (or employees) to convince. There are many problems exist in the personnel assessment. In particular, we were focusing on the three. (1) Raters are not sufficiently recognized assessment point. (2) Ratee are not convinced by the mechanism of assessment. (3) Raters (or Evaluators) and ratees have empathy. We suggest 1: Setting of "understanding of the assessment points." 2: Setting of "relative assessment ability." 3: Proposal of two-way assessment mechanism to solve these problems. As a prerequisite, it is assumed that there are multiple raters. This is because has been a growing importance of multi-faceted assessment. In this model, it determines the weight of each assessment point evaluators by the degree of understanding and assessment ability of raters and ratee. We used the ANP (Analytic Network Process) is a theory that an extension of the decision-making technique AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). ANP can be to address the problem of forming a network and assessment of Two-Way is possible. We apply this technique personnel assessment, the weights of rater of each point can be reasonably determined. We suggest absolute assessment for Two-Way assessment by ANP. We have verified that the consent of the two approaches is higher than conventional mechanism. Also, human resources consultant we got a comment about the application of the practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personnel%20evaluation" title="personnel evaluation">personnel evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pairwise%20comparison" title=" pairwise comparison"> pairwise comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20network%20process%20%28ANP%29" title=" analytic network process (ANP)"> analytic network process (ANP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-ways" title=" two-ways"> two-ways</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39660/a-propose-of-personnel-assessment-method-including-a-two-way-assessment-for-evaluating-evaluators-and-employees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3050</span> Numerical Analysis of a Mechanism for the Morphology in the Extrados of an Airfoil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20R.%20Jimenez%20Barron">E. R. Jimenez Barron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Castillo%20Morales"> M. Castillo Morales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20F.%20Ram%C3%ADrez%20Morales"> D. F. Ramírez Morales</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of the morphology (shape change) in wings leads to the optimization of aerodynamic characteristics in an aircraft, so for the development and implementation of a change in the structure and shape of an airfoil, in this case the extrados, helps to increase the aerodynamic performance of an aircraft at different operating velocities, according to the required mission profile. A previous work on morphology is continued where the 'initial' profile is the NACA 4415 and as a new profile 'objective' the FUSION. The objective of this work is the dimensioning of the elements of the mechanism used to achieve the required changes. We consulted the different materials used in the aeronautics industry, as well as new materials in this area that could contribute to the good performance of the mechanism without negatively affecting the aerodynamics. These results allow evaluating the performance of a wing with variable extrados with respect to the defined morphology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title="numerical analysis">numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanisms" title=" mechanisms"> mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphing%20airfoil" title=" morphing airfoil"> morphing airfoil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphing%20wings" title=" morphing wings"> morphing wings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77600/numerical-analysis-of-a-mechanism-for-the-morphology-in-the-extrados-of-an-airfoil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3049</span> Nature of Polaronic Hopping Conduction Mechanism in Polycrystalline and Nanocrystalline Gd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soma%20Chatterjee">Soma Chatterjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Das"> I. Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, we have investigated the structural, electrical and magneto-transport properties of polycrystalline and nanocrystalline Gd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 compounds. The variation of transport properties is modified by tuning the grain size of the material. In the high-temperature semiconducting region, temperature-dependent resistivity data can be well explained by the non-adiabatic small polaron hopping (SPH) mechanism. In addition, the resistivity data for all compounds in the low-temperature paramagnetic region can also be well explained by the variable range hopping (VRH) model. The parameters obtained from SPH and VRH mechanisms are found to be reasonable. In the case of nanocrystalline compounds, there is an overlapping temperature range where both SPH and VRH models are valid simultaneously, and a new conduction mechanism - variable range hopping of small polaron s(VR-SPH) is satisfactorily valid for the whole temperature range of these compounds. However, for the polycrystalline compound, the overlapping temperature region between VRH and SPH models does not exist and the VR-SPH mechanism is not valid here. Thus, polarons play a leading role in selecting different conduction mechanisms in different temperature ranges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20resistivity" title="electrical resistivity">electrical resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manganite" title=" manganite"> manganite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20polaron%20hopping" title=" small polaron hopping"> small polaron hopping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20range%20hopping" title=" variable range hopping"> variable range hopping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20range%20of%20small%20polaron%20hopping" title=" variable range of small polaron hopping"> variable range of small polaron hopping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166291/nature-of-polaronic-hopping-conduction-mechanism-in-polycrystalline-and-nanocrystalline-gd05sr05mno3-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3048</span> Further Study of Mechanism of Contrasting Charge Transport Properties for Phenyl and Thienyl Substituent Organic Semiconductors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanan%20Zhu">Yanan Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the previous work about the influence mechanism of the mobility difference of phenyl and thienyl substituent semiconductors, we have made further exploration towards to design high-performance organic thin-film transistors. The substituent groups effect plays a significant role in materials properties and device performance as well. For the theoretical study, simulation of materials property and crystal packing can supply scientific guidance for materials synthesis in experiments. This time, we have taken the computational methods to design a new material substituent with furan groups, which are the potential to be used in organic thin-film transistors and organic single-crystal transistors. The reorganization energy has been calculated and much lower than 2,6-diphenyl anthracene (DPAnt), which performs large mobility as more than 30 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹. Moreover, the other important parameter, charge transfer integral is larger than DPAnt, which suggested the furan substituent material may get a much better charge transport data. On the whole, the mechanism investigation based on phenyl and thienyl assisted in designing novel materials with furan substituent, which is predicted to be an outperformed organic field-effect transistors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theoretical%20calculation" title="theoretical calculation">theoretical calculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title=" mobility"> mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20transistors" title=" organic transistors"> organic transistors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112760/further-study-of-mechanism-of-contrasting-charge-transport-properties-for-phenyl-and-thienyl-substituent-organic-semiconductors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3047</span> The Profitability Management Mechanism of Leather Industry-Based on the Activity-Based Benefit Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Fang%20Wu">Mei-Fang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Li%20Wang"> Shu-Li Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsung-Yueh%20Lu"> Tsung-Yueh Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Tsung%20Cheng"> Feng-Tsung Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strengthening core competitiveness is the main goal of enterprises in a fierce competitive environment. Accurate cost information is a great help for managers in dealing with operation strategies. This paper establishes a profitability management mechanism that applies the Activity-Based Benefit approach (ABBA) to solve the profitability for each customer from the market. ABBA provides financial and non-financial information for the operation, but also indicates what resources have expired in the operational process. The customer profit management model shows the level of profitability of each customer for the company. The empirical data were gathered from a case company operating in the leather industry in Taiwan. The research findings indicate that 30% of customers create little profit for the company as a result of asking for over 5% of sales discounts. Those customers ask for sales discount because of color differences of leather products. This paper provides a customer’s profitability evaluation mechanism to help enterprises to greatly improve operating effectiveness and promote operational activity efficiency and overall operation profitability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activity-based%20benefit%20approach" title="activity-based benefit approach">activity-based benefit approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20profit%20analysis" title=" customer profit analysis"> customer profit analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leather%20industry" title=" leather industry"> leather industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profitability%20management%20mechanism" title=" profitability management mechanism"> profitability management mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61548/the-profitability-management-mechanism-of-leather-industry-based-on-the-activity-based-benefit-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3046</span> Models of Environmental, Crack Propagation of Some Aluminium Alloys (7xxx)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Jawan">H. A. Jawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review describes the models of environmental-related crack propagation of aluminum alloys (7xxx) during the last few decades. Acknowledge on effects of different factors on the susceptibility to SCC permits to propose valuable mechanisms on crack advancement. The reliable mechanism of cracking give a possibility to propose the optimum chemical composition and thermal treatment conditions resulting in microstructure the most suitable for real environmental condition and stress state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title=" propagation"> propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21168/models-of-environmental-crack-propagation-of-some-aluminium-alloys-7xxx" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3045</span> A Social Decision Support Mechanism for Group Purchasing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lien-Fa%20Lin">Lien-Fa Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Ming%20Li"> Yung-Ming Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu-Shun%20Hsieh"> Fu-Shun Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the advancement of information technology and development of group commerce, people have obviously changed in their lifestyle. However, group commerce faces some challenging problems. The products or services provided by vendors do not satisfactorily reflect customers’ opinions, so that the sale and revenue of group commerce gradually become lower. On the other hand, the process for a formed customer group to reach group-purchasing consensus is time-consuming and the final decision is not the best choice for each group members. In this paper, we design a social decision support mechanism, by using group discussion message to recommend suitable options for group members and we consider social influence and personal preference to generate option ranking list. The proposed mechanism can enhance the group purchasing decision making efficiently and effectively and venders can provide group products or services according to the group option ranking list. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network" title="social network">social network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20decision" title=" group decision"> group decision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20mining" title=" text mining"> text mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20commerce" title=" group commerce"> group commerce</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46955/a-social-decision-support-mechanism-for-group-purchasing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3044</span> Models of Environmental: Cracker Propagation of Some Aluminum Alloys (7xxx)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Jawan">H. Jawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review describes the models of environmental-related crack propagation of aluminum alloys (7xxx) during the last few decades. Acknowledge on effects of different factors on the susceptibility to SCC permits to propose valuable mechanisms on crack advancement. The reliable mechanism of cracking give a possibility to propose the optimum chemical composition and thermal treatment conditions resulting in microstructure the most suitable for real environmental condition and stress state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title=" propagation"> propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24710/models-of-environmental-cracker-propagation-of-some-aluminum-alloys-7xxx" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3043</span> The Role of Phase Morphology on the Corrosion Fatigue Mechanism in Marine Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Igwemezie">Victor Igwemezie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mehmanparast"> Ali Mehmanparast</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The correct knowledge of corrosion fatigue mechanism in marine steel is very important. This is because it enables the design, selection, and use of steels for offshore applications. It also supports realistic corrosion fatigue life prediction of marine structures. A study has been conducted to increase the understanding of corrosion fatigue mechanism in marine steels. The materials investigated are normalized and advanced S355 Thermomechanical control process (TMCP) steels commonly used in the design of offshore wind turbine support structures. The experimental study was carried out by conducting corrosion fatigue tests under conditions pertinent to offshore wind turbine operations, using the state of the art facilities. A careful microstructural study of the crack growth path was conducted using metallurgical optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The test was conducted on three subgrades of S355 steel: S355J2+N, S355G8+M and S355G10+M and the data compared with similar studies in the literature. The result shows that the ferrite-pearlite morphology primarily controls the corrosion-fatigue crack growth path in marine steels. A corrosion fatigue mechanism which relies on the hydrogen embrittlement of the grain boundaries and pearlite phase is used to explain the crack propagation behaviour. The crack growth trend in the Paris region of the da/dN vs. ΔK curve is used to explain the dependency of the corrosion-fatigue crack growth rate on the ferrite-pearlite morphology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion-fatigue%20mechanism" title="corrosion-fatigue mechanism">corrosion-fatigue mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20crack%20growth%20rate" title=" fatigue crack growth rate"> fatigue crack growth rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferritic-pearlitic%20steel" title=" ferritic-pearlitic steel"> ferritic-pearlitic steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20morphology" title=" phase morphology"> phase morphology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100963/the-role-of-phase-morphology-on-the-corrosion-fatigue-mechanism-in-marine-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3042</span> Combining Mobile Intelligence with Formation Mechanism for Group Commerce</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lien%20Fa%20Lin">Lien Fa Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung%20Ming%20Li"> Yung Ming Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin%20Chen%20Hsieh"> Hsin Chen Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rise of smartphones brings new concept So-Lo-Mo (social-local-mobile) in mobile commerce area in recent years. However, current So-Lo-Mo services only focus on individual users but not a group of users, and the development of group commerce is not enough to satisfy the demand of real-time group buying and less to think about the social relationship between customers. In this research, we integrate mobile intelligence with group commerce and consider customers' preference, real-time context, and social influence as components in the mechanism. With the support of this mechanism, customers are able to gather near customers with the same potential purchase willingness through mobile devices when he/she wants to purchase products or services to have a real-time group-buying. By matching the demand and supply of mobile group-buying market, this research improves the business value of mobile commerce and group commerce further. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20formation" title="group formation">group formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20commerce" title=" group commerce"> group commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20commerce" title=" mobile commerce"> mobile commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So-Lo-Mo" title=" So-Lo-Mo"> So-Lo-Mo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20influence" title=" social influence"> social influence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46954/combining-mobile-intelligence-with-formation-mechanism-for-group-commerce" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3041</span> Collective Strategies Dominate in Spatial Iterated Prisoners Dilemma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiawei%20Li">Jiawei Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> How cooperation emerges and persists in a population of selfish agents is a fundamental question in evolutionary game theory. Our research shows that Collective Strategies with Master-Slave Mechanism (CSMSM) defeat Tit-for-Tat and other well-known strategies in spatial iterated prisoner’s dilemma. A CSMSM identifies kin members by means of a handshaking mechanism. If the opponent is identified as non-kin, a CSMSM will always defect. Once two CSMSMs meet, they play master and slave roles. A mater defects and a slave cooperates in order to maximize the master’s payoff. CSMSM outperforms non-collective strategies in spatial IPD even if there is only a small cluster of CSMSMs in the population. The existence and performance of CSMSM in spatial iterated prisoner’s dilemma suggests that cooperation first appears and persists in a group of collective agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evolutionary%20game%20theory" title="Evolutionary game theory">Evolutionary game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20prisoners%20dilemma" title=" spatial prisoners dilemma"> spatial prisoners dilemma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20strategy" title=" collective strategy"> collective strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=master-slave%20mechanism" title=" master-slave mechanism"> master-slave mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126877/collective-strategies-dominate-in-spatial-iterated-prisoners-dilemma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3040</span> Opportunities of Clean Development Mechanism through Hydropower in Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usha%20Khatiwada">Usha Khatiwada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nepal’s overall energy baseline: It has been proposed that hydropower projects for domestic consumption can earn CDM revenue in Nepal if a new methodology is established that takes into account not only consumption in Nepal of grid electricity but also other fuels such as kerosene, diesel, and firewood, used by a vast majority of the population for their lighting and other needs. However, this would mean that we would be trying to combine grid electricity supply and consumers not supplied from the grid into one methodology. Such a sweeping baseline may have a very small chance of success with the CDM Executive Board. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title="environment">environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20development%20mechanism" title=" clean development mechanism"> clean development mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydropower" title=" hydropower"> hydropower</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9039/opportunities-of-clean-development-mechanism-through-hydropower-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3039</span> Catalytic Deoxygenation of Non-Edible Oil to Renewable Fuel by Using Calcium-Based Nanocatalyst</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwei%20Voon%20Lee">Hwei Voon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Asikin-Mijana"> N. Asikin-Mijana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Taufiq-Yap"> Y. H. Taufiq-Yap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Juan"> J. C. Juan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Rahman"> N. A. Rahman </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cracking–Deoxygenation process is one of the important reaction pathways for the production of bio-fuel with desirable n-C17 hydrocarbon chain via removal of oxygen compounds. Calcium-based catalyst has attracted much attention in deoxygenation process due to its relatively high capacity in removing oxygenated compounds in the form of CO₂ and CO under decarboxylation and decarbonylation reaction, respectively. In the present study, deoxygenation of triolein was investigated using Ca(OH)₂ nanocatalyst derived from low cost natural waste shells. The Ca(OH)₂ nanocatalyst was prepared via integration techniques between surfactant treatment (anionic and non-ionic) and wet sonochemical effect. Results showed that sonochemically assisted surfactant treatment has successfully enhanced the physicochemical properties of Ca(OH)₂ nanocatalyst in terms of nanoparticle sizes (∼50 nm), high surface area(∼130 m²g⁻¹), large porosity (∼18.6 nm) and strong basic strength. The presence of superior properties from surfactant treated Ca(OH)₂ nanocatalysts rendered high deoxygenation degree, which is capable of producing high alkane and alkene selectivity in chain length of n-C17(high value of C17/(n-C17+ n-C18)ratio = 0.88). Furthermore, both Ca(OH)₂–EG and Ca(OH)₂–CTAB nanocatalysts showed high reactivity with 47.37% and 44.50%, respectively in total liquid hydrocarbon content of triolein conversion with high H/C and low O/C ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clamshell" title="clamshell">clamshell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking" title=" cracking"> cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decarboxylation-decarbonylation" title=" decarboxylation-decarbonylation"> decarboxylation-decarbonylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon" title=" hydrocarbon"> hydrocarbon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81377/catalytic-deoxygenation-of-non-edible-oil-to-renewable-fuel-by-using-calcium-based-nanocatalyst" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3038</span> The Smart Record and Replay Mechanism for Android</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuei-Chun%20Liu">Kuei-Chun Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Yu%20Lai"> Yu-Yu Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Hong%20Wu"> Ching-Hong Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiao-Han%20Huang"> Hsiao-Han Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The number of Android applications (Apps) has increased rapidly in recent years. In order to get better programmatic control over Apps, we designed a record-and-replay mechanism to record Android input events and accessibility service events then make shortcuts. The shortcut is useful for complicated routine works and to Android beginners. We also generated graphical user interface (GUI) API by these shortcuts. GUI API helps developers make integrated Apps which can control other third-party Apps even if the official API is not offered by their providers. We demonstrated the usage of GUI API with two integrated Apps: Universal Bank App and Universal Communication App. Universal Bank App integrates three accounts from different banks and Universal Communication App integrates Line with WhatsApp. Both of them show the advantage of extendable GUI API. Furthermore, using our mechanism, shortcuts could replay almost all of the Top-100 Apps on Google Play correctly. In sum, the approach we present can help both Android developers and general users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphical%20user%20interface" title="graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GUI%20API" title=" GUI API"> GUI API</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=record-and-replay" title=" record-and-replay"> record-and-replay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third-party%20apps" title=" third-party apps"> third-party apps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44813/the-smart-record-and-replay-mechanism-for-android" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3037</span> Human Resource Development Climate (HRDC) in Nigerian Banks: General and Gender Perceptions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akinyemi%20Benjamin">Akinyemi Benjamin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the prevailing HRDC Nigerian commercial banks as perceived by employees in general. The perceptional differences on the state of HRDC by gender category are also examined. Using Abraham and Rao’s HRDC 38-item questionnaire, data from 310 respondents, with 303 valid responses, were entered into excel sheet and analysed to determine frequencies, mean scores, standard deviation and percentages for four variables: HRDC, general climate, HRD mechanism, and OCTAPAC culture. Results of analysis indicate that generally, employees perceive the overall HRDC and its three dimensions of general climate, HRD mechanism and OCTAPAC culture to be at an average or moderate level. The perceptions of both male and female subjects also indicate an average HRDC level although participants report slightly higher scores than their male subjects but these scores are still at an average level on all the dimensions of HRDC measured. The implications of this result for organizations in general and the banking industry in particular are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HRDC" title="HRDC">HRDC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HRD%20mechanism" title=" HRD mechanism"> HRD mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20climate" title=" general climate"> general climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCTAPAC%20culture" title=" OCTAPAC culture"> OCTAPAC culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10374/human-resource-development-climate-hrdc-in-nigerian-banks-general-and-gender-perceptions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3036</span> Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Compounds from Bauhinia kockiana Korth and Their Mechanism of Antibacterial Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yik%20Ling%20Chew">Yik Ling Chew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adlina%20Maisarah%20Mahadi"> Adlina Maisarah Mahadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo%20Kheng%20Goh"> Joo Kheng Goh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bauhinia kockiana originates from Peninsular Malaysia, and it is grown as a garden ornamental plant. However, it is used as medicinal plant by Malaysia ‘Kelabit’ ethic group in treating various diseases and illnesses. This study focused on the assessment of the antibacterial activity of B. kockiana towards MRSA, to purify and identify the antibacterial compounds, and to determine the mechanism of antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity of B. kockiana flower is evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using disc diffusion assay and microbroth dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of extracts. Phytochemical analysis is performed to determine the classes of phytochemicals in the extracts. Bioactivity-guided isolation is performed to purify the antibacterial agents and identified the chemical structures via various spectroscopy methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique is adopted to evaluate the antibacterial mechanism of extract and compounds isolated. B. kockiana flower is found to exhibit fairly strong antibacterial activity towards both strains of MRSA bacteria. Gallic acid and its ester derivatives are purified from ethyl acetate extract and the antibacterial activity is evaluated. SEM has revealed the mechanism of the extracts and compounds isolated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkyl%20gallates" title="alkyl gallates">alkyl gallates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bauhinia%20kockiana" title=" Bauhinia kockiana"> Bauhinia kockiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRSA" title=" MRSA"> MRSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning%20electron%20microscopy" title=" scanning electron microscopy"> scanning electron microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69391/anti-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa-compounds-from-bauhinia-kockiana-korth-and-their-mechanism-of-antibacterial-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69391.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3035</span> Health Benefit and Mechanism from Green Open Space: A Pathway to Connect Health to Design and Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Ma">Ming Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Li"> Rui Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the highly urbanized district, green open space is playing an important role in human’s health and wellbeing as a physical, aesthetic and natural environment resources. The aim of this paper is to close this gap through providing a comprehensive, qualitative meta-analysis of existing studies related to this issue. A systematic scoping of current quantitative research is conducted which mostly focused on cross-sectional survey and experimental studies. Health benefits from contact with green open space could be categorized into physical health, psychological health and social wellbeing. Mechanism for the health related to green open space could be clearly identified with the regard to natural restoration, physical activities and social capital. These results indicate a multiple pathways framework between the health benefits and mechanism. In order to support design and planning, the most evident relationship was picked up that people could psychologically benefit from green open space through outdoors physical activities. Additionally, three design and planning strategies are put forward. Various and multi-level contacts with green open space would be considered as an explanation of the pathway results and tie to bridge the health to design and planning. There is a need to carry out long-term research emphasizing on causal relationship between health and green open space through excluding cofounding factors such as self-selection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20green%20open%20space" title="urban green open space">urban green open space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20and%20design" title=" planning and design"> planning and design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20benefit" title=" health benefit"> health benefit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathway%20framework" title=" pathway framework"> pathway framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72775/health-benefit-and-mechanism-from-green-open-space-a-pathway-to-connect-health-to-design-and-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3034</span> Design and Implementation of Power Generation Mechanism Using Speed Breaker</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Kalvin">Roman Kalvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Nadeem"> Anam Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Arif"> Saba Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juntakan%20Taweekun"> Juntakan Taweekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current scenario demand of power is increasing day by day with increasing population. It is needed to sort out this problem with a technique which will not only overcome this energy crisis but also should be environment friendly. This project emphasizes on idea which shows that power could be generated by specially designed speed breaker. This project shows clearly how power can be generated by using Cam Mechanism where basically linear motion is converted into rotatory motion that can be used to generate electricity. When vehicle passes over the speed breaker, presses the cam with the help of connecting rod which rotate main shaft attached with large pulley. A flywheel is coupled with the shaft whose purpose is to normalize the oscillation in the energy and to make the energy unvarying. So, the shafts will spin with firm rpm. These shafts are coupled from end to end with a belt drive. The results show that power generated from this mechanism is 12 watts. The generated electricity does not required any fuel consumption it only generates power which can be used for the street light as well as for the traffic signals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revolution%20per%20minute" title="revolution per minute">revolution per minute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RPM" title=" RPM"> RPM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cam" title=" cam"> cam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed%20breaker" title=" speed breaker"> speed breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotatory%20motion" title=" rotatory motion"> rotatory motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88612/design-and-implementation-of-power-generation-mechanism-using-speed-breaker" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonochemical%20mechanism&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonochemical%20mechanism&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonochemical%20mechanism&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">3</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonochemical%20mechanism&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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