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href="#Political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Political career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deputy_foreign_minister_(1992–1994)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deputy_foreign_minister_(1992–1994)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Deputy foreign minister (1992–1994) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deputy_foreign_minister_(1992–1994)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan_(1999–2002)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan_(1999–2002)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (1999–2002) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan_(1999–2002)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_minister_and_state_secretary_(1994–1999,_2002–2007)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_minister_and_state_secretary_(1994–1999,_2002–2007)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Foreign minister and state secretary (1994–1999, 2002–2007) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_minister_and_state_secretary_(1994–1999,_2002–2007)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chairman_of_the_Senate_(2007–2011,_2013–2019)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chairman_of_the_Senate_(2007–2011,_2013–2019)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Chairman of the Senate (2007–2011, 2013–2019) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chairman_of_the_Senate_(2007–2011,_2013–2019)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice-President_of_the_OSCE_PA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice-President_of_the_OSCE_PA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Vice-President of the OSCE PA </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice-President_of_the_OSCE_PA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Director-General_of_the_UN_Office_at_Geneva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Director-General_of_the_UN_Office_at_Geneva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Director-General of the UN Office at Geneva </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Director-General_of_the_UN_Office_at_Geneva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Presidency </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Presidency-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Presidency subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acting_president" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acting_president"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Acting president </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acting_president-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2019_snap_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019_snap_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 2019 snap presidential election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019_snap_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_presidency_(2019–2022)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_presidency_(2019–2022)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Early presidency (2019–2022) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_presidency_(2019–2022)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_Nazarbayev" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_Nazarbayev"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Relationship with Nazarbayev </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_Nazarbayev-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abolition_of_capital_punishment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abolition_of_capital_punishment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1.1 Abolition of capital punishment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abolition_of_capital_punishment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2021_legislative_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-5"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_legislative_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1.1.1 2021 legislative elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_legislative_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Domestic policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.1 Economic reforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Credit_amnesty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Credit_amnesty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.2 Credit amnesty </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Credit_amnesty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.3 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_and_cryptocurrency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_and_cryptocurrency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.4 Energy and cryptocurrency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_and_cryptocurrency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.5 Environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.6 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.7 Infrastructure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.8 Political reforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Listening_State" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-5"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Listening_State"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2.8.1 Listening State </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Listening_State-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2021_Taliban_offensive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_Taliban_offensive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3.1 2021 Taliban offensive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_Taliban_offensive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3.2 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3.3 China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_Soviet_republics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_Soviet_republics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3.4 Former Soviet republics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_Soviet_republics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3.5 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_unrest_and_consolidation_of_power" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_unrest_and_consolidation_of_power"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 2022 unrest and consolidation of power </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_unrest_and_consolidation_of_power-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_Smaiylov_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Smaiylov_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.1 First Smaiylov government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Smaiylov_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amanat_chairmanship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amanat_chairmanship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.2 Amanat chairmanship </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amanat_chairmanship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constitutional_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constitutional_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.3 Constitutional reforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constitutional_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_snap_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_snap_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.4 2022 snap presidential election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_snap_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidency_since_2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidency_since_2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Presidency since 2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidency_since_2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2023_snap_legislative_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023_snap_legislative_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1 2023 snap legislative election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023_snap_legislative_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_Smaiylov_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Smaiylov_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.2 Second Smaiylov government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Smaiylov_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bektenov_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bektenov_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3 Bektenov government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bektenov_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_policy_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_policy_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Domestic policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_policy_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Russia_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.1 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.2 China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.3 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Political positions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political positions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Authoritarianism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authoritarianism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Authoritarianism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authoritarianism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Climate change </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corruption" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corruption"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Corruption </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corruption-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Islam </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_EU" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_EU"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Relations with EU </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_EU-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Relations with United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle-Eastern_Affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle-Eastern_Affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Middle-Eastern Affairs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle-Eastern_Affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jordan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jordan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 Jordan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jordan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.9 Russian language </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT+_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT+_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.10 LGBT+ rights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT+_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nationalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nationalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.11 Nationalism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nationalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Honors </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Honors subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kazakh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kazakh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Kazakh </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kazakh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Foreign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" > 76 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasim-Zjomart_Tokajef" title="Kasim-Zjomart Tokajef – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kasim-Zjomart Tokajef" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D0%B8%D4%A5%D0%B0" title="Токаев, Касым-Жомарт Кемел-иԥа – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Токаев, Касым-Жомарт Кемел-иԥа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%81" title="قاسم جومارت توقاييف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قاسم جومارت توقاييف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qas%C4%B1m-Com%C9%99rd_Tokayev" title="Qasım-Comərd Tokayev – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qasım-Comərd Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="قاسم جومارت توقایف – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قاسم جومارت توقایف" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D2%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Тоҡаев Ҡасым-Йомарт Кемел улы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тоҡаев Ҡасым-Йомарт Кемел улы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Касым-Жамарт Кемелевіч Такаеў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Касым-Жамарт Кемелевіч Такаеў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Касым-Жамарт Такаеў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Касым-Жамарт Такаеў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касъм-Жомарт Токаев – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Касъм-Жомарт Токаев" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khassim-Jomart_Tokh%C3%A0iev" title="Khassim-Jomart Tokhàiev – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Khassim-Jomart Tokhàiev" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasym-%C5%BDomart_Kemeluly_Tokajev" title="Kasym-Žomart Kemeluly Tokajev – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kasym-Žomart Kemeluly Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quassym-Jomart_Kemeluly_Tokayev" title="Quassym-Jomart Kemeluly Tokayev – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Quassym-Jomart Kemeluly Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokajev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokajev – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qassym-Schomart_Toqajew" title="Qassym-Schomart Toqajew – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Qassym-Schomart Toqajew" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kas%C3%B5m-%C5%BDomart_Tokajev" title="Kasõm-Žomart Tokajev – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kasõm-Žomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BC-%CE%96%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%86" title="Κασίμ-Ζομάρτ Τοκάγιεφ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κασίμ-Ζομάρτ Τοκάγιεφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasim-Yomart_Tok%C3%A1ev" title="Kasim-Yomart Tokáev – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kasim-Yomart Tokáev" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasim%C4%B5omart_Tokajev" title="Kasimĵomart Tokajev – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kasimĵomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="قاسم جومارت توقایف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قاسم جومارت توقایف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Toka%C3%AFev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokaïev – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokaïev" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%8B%AC%EC%A1%B0%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%86%A0%EC%B9%B4%EC%98%88%ED%94%84" title="카심조마르트 토카예프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카심조마르트 토카예프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B4-%D4%BA%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%87" title="Կասիմ-Ժոմարտ Տոկաև – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կասիմ-Ժոմարտ Տոկաև" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasim-%C5%BDomart_Tokajev" title="Kasim-Žomart Tokajev – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kasim-Žomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qas%C4%B1m-Jomart_Kemelul%C4%B1_Toqayev" title="Qasım-Jomart Kemelulı Toqayev – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Qasım-Jomart Kemelulı Toqayev" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasym-Jomart_Toqaev" title="Qasym-Jomart Toqaev – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Qasym-Jomart Toqaev" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91" title="קאסים-ג'ומארט טוקאייב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קאסים-ג'ומארט טוקאייב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B-%E1%83%9F%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97_%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ყასიმ-ჟომართ თოყაევი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყასიმ-ჟომართ თოყაევი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D2%B1%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Қасым-Жомарт Кемелұлы Тоқаев – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қасым-Жомарт Кемелұлы Тоқаев" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касым-Жоомарт Токаев – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Касым-Жоомарт Токаев" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casimus_%C5%BDomart_Toqaev" title="Casimus Žomart Toqaev – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Casimus Žomart Toqaev" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasims_%C5%BDomarts_Tokajevs" title="Kasims Žomarts Tokajevs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kasims Žomarts Tokajevs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasymas_%C5%BDomartas_Tokajevas" title="Kasymas Žomartas Tokajevas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kasymas Žomartas Tokajevas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaszim-Zsomart_Kemeluli_Tokajev" title="Kaszim-Zsomart Kemeluli Tokajev – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kaszim-Zsomart Kemeluli Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B-%E1%83%9F%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97_%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ყასიმ-ჟომართ თოყაევი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ყასიმ-ჟომართ თოყაევი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%81" title="قاسم جومارت توكاييف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قاسم جومارت توكاييف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касым-Жомарт Токаев – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Касым-Жомарт Токаев" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassim-Zjomart_Tokajev" title="Kassim-Zjomart Tokajev – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kassim-Zjomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%95" title="カシムジョマルト・トカエフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カシムジョマルト・トカエフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasym-Jomart_Toqaev" title="Qasym-Jomart Toqaev – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Qasym-Jomart Toqaev" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazym-Zjomart_Toqajev" title="Qazym-Zjomart Toqajev – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Qazym-Zjomart Toqajev" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasim-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kasim-Jomart Tokayev – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kasim-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassim-Jomart_Tocaiev" title="Cassim-Jomart Tocaiev – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cassim-Jomart Tocaiev" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasim-Jomart_Toqayev" title="Qasim-Jomart Toqayev – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qasim-Jomart Toqayev" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="قاسم جومارت توکایف – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قاسم جومارت توکایف" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98_%E1%9E%99%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A_%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9C" title="កាស៊ីម យ៉ូម៉ារ តូកាយអេវ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កាស៊ីម យ៉ូម៉ារ តូកាយអេវ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasym-%C5%BBomart_Tokajew" title="Kasym-Żomart Tokajew – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kasym-Żomart Tokajew" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qas%C4%B1m-C%C3%B6mert_Toqayev" title="Qasım-Cömert Toqayev – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qasım-Cömert Toqayev" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasym-Jomart_Toqaev" title="Qasym-Jomart Toqaev – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Qasym-Jomart Toqaev" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касым-Жомарт Токаев – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Касым-Жомарт Токаев" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Токаев, Касым-Жомарт Кемелевич – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Токаев, Касым-Жомарт Кемелевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasym-%C5%BDomart_Tokajev" title="Kasym-Žomart Tokajev – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kasym-Žomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8E%DA%A4" title="قاسم جۆمارت تۆکایێڤ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قاسم جۆمارت تۆکایێڤ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касим Жомарт Токајев – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Касим Жомарт Токајев" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasym-%C5%BDomart_Tokajev" title="Kasym-Žomart Tokajev – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kasym-Žomart Tokajev" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasym-Zjomart_Toqajev" title="Qasym-Zjomart Toqajev – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Qasym-Zjomart Toqajev" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BC-%D2%96%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Касыйм-Җумарт Тукаев – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Касыйм-Җумарт Тукаев" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%86%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1-%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9F" title="ฆาเซิม-โฌมาร์ต โตกาเยฟ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฆาเซิม-โฌมาร์ต โตกาเยฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC-%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Қосим-Ҷомарт Тоқаев – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қосим-Ҷомарт Тоқаев" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kas%C4%B1m_C%C3%B6mert_Tokayev" title="Kasım Cömert Tokayev – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kasım Cömert Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasym-Jomart_Toka%C3%BDew" title="Kasym-Jomart Tokaýew – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kasym-Jomart Tokaýew" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%94%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Токаєв Касим-Жомарт Кемельович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Токаєв Касим-Жомарт Кемельович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="قاسم جومارت توقایف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قاسم جومارت توقایف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%91%9F%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%8D%A1%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%AB" title="卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%91%9F%E5%A7%86%E8%8B%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%8D%A1%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%AB" title="卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q200881#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">President of Kazakhstan since 2019</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Tokayev" redirects here. For other people with the name, see <a href="/wiki/Tokayev_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Tokayev (disambiguation)">Tokayev (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this name that follows <a href="/wiki/East_Slavic_naming_customs" title="East Slavic naming customs">East Slavic naming customs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> is Kemeluly and the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is Tokayev.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><div class="nickname" lang="kk"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>Қасым-Жомарт Тоқаев</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_in_January_2025_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_in_January_2025_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_in_January_2025_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_in_January_2025_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_in_January_2025_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_in_January_2025_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="568" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Tokayev in 2025</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">2nd <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President of Kazakhstan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office 12 June 2019 <a href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_Kazakhstan" title="Acting President of Kazakhstan">Acting</a>: 20 March – 12 June 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Asqar_Mamin" title="Asqar Mamin">Asqar Mamin</a> <a href="/wiki/Alihan_Smaiylov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alihan Smaiylov">Alihan Smaiylov</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Sklyar" title="Roman Sklyar">Roman Sklyar</a> (acting) <a href="/wiki/Oljas_Bektenov" title="Oljas Bektenov">Oljas Bektenov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Kazakhstan" title="Security Council of Kazakhstan">Security Council of Kazakhstan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office 5 January 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/State_Secretary_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="State Secretary of Kazakhstan">State Secretary of Kazakhstan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 29 January 2002 – 13 June 2003</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abish_Kekilbayev" title="Abish Kekilbayev">Abish Kekilbayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imangali_Tasmagambetov" title="Imangali Tasmagambetov">Imangali Tasmagambetov</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Prime Minister of Kazakhstan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 1 October 1999 – 28 January 2002 Acting: 1 October 1999 – 12 October 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Pavlov_(politician)" title="Aleksandr Pavlov (politician)">Aleksandr Pavlov</a> <a href="/wiki/Daniyal_Akhmetov" title="Daniyal Akhmetov">Daniyal Akhmetov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Balgimbayev" title="Nurlan Balgimbayev">Nurlan Balgimbayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imangali_Tasmagambetov" title="Imangali Tasmagambetov">Imangali Tasmagambetov</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 15 March 1999 – 1 October 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Balgimbayev" title="Nurlan Balgimbayev">Nurlan Balgimbayev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_People_of_Kazakhstan" title="Assembly of People of Kazakhstan">Assembly of People</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office 28 April 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Amanat</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 28 January 2022 – 26 April 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erlan_Qo%C5%9Fanov" title="Erlan Qoşanov">Erlan Qoşanov</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-bottom:-.65em; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; border:1px dashed lightgrey;;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Senate career </div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">6th <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_Senate_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair of the Senate of Kazakhstan">Chair of the Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 16 October 2013 – 19 March 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Qairat_I%C5%9F%C3%A7anov" title="Qairat Işçanov">Qairat Işçanov</a> <a href="/wiki/Asqar_Beisenbaev" title="Asqar Beisenbaev">Asqar Beisenbaev</a> <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Gromov" title="Sergey Gromov">Sergey Gromov</a> <a href="/wiki/Bektas_Beknazarov" title="Bektas Beknazarov">Bektas Beknazarov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kairat_Mami" title="Kairat Mami">Kairat Mami</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dariga_Nazarbayeva" title="Dariga Nazarbayeva">Dariga Nazarbayeva</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_Senate_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair of the Senate of Kazakhstan">Chair of the Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 11 January 2007 – 15 April 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhambet_Kopeev" title="Muhambet Kopeev">Muhambet Kopeev</a> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Sudin" title="Aleksandr Sudin">Aleksandr Sudin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nurtai_Abykayev" title="Nurtai Abykayev">Nurtai Abykayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kairat_Mami" title="Kairat Mami">Kairat Mami</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Kazakhstan" title="Senate of Kazakhstan">Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 16 October 2013 – 19 March 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Appointed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 11 January 2007 – 15 April 2011 </td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Appointed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-bottom:-.65em; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; border:1px dashed lightgrey;;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Diplomatic positions </div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 29 January 2002 – 11 January 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imangali_Tasmagambetov" title="Imangali Tasmagambetov">Imangali Tasmagambetov</a> <a href="/wiki/Daniyal_Akhmetov" title="Daniyal Akhmetov">Daniyal Akhmetov</a> <a href="/wiki/Karim_Massimov" title="Karim Massimov">Karim Massimov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erlan_Idrissov" title="Erlan Idrissov">Erlan Idrissov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marat_Tajin" title="Marat Tajin">Marat Tajin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 13 October 1994 – 12 October 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Akejan_Kajegeldin" title="Akejan Kajegeldin">Akejan Kajegeldin</a> <a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Balgimbayev" title="Nurlan Balgimbayev">Nurlan Balgimbayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kanat_Saudabayev" title="Kanat Saudabayev">Kanat Saudabayev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erlan_Idrissov" title="Erlan Idrissov">Erlan Idrissov</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">11th <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Geneva" title="United Nations Office at Geneva">Under-Secretary General and Director-General of the United Nations Office at Geneva</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 12 March 2011 – 16 October 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Ordzhonikidze" title="Sergei Ordzhonikidze">Sergei Ordzhonikidze</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_M%C3%B8ller" title="Michael Møller">Michael Møller</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Kassym-Zhomart Kemelevich Tokayev</div> (1953-05-17) 17 May 1953 (age 71) <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Alma-Ata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakh SSR">Kazakh SSR</a>, Soviet Union (now Almaty, Kazakhstan)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (1991–1999, 2022–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kazakhstan_(Soviet_Union)" title="Communist Party of Kazakhstan (Soviet Union)">CPSU</a> (before 1991) <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Amanat</a> (1999–2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Tokayeva" title="Nadezhda Tokayeva">Nadezhda Tokayeva</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1980; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2020)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_Institute_of_International_Relations" title="Moscow State Institute of International Relations">Moscow State Institute of International Relations</a> <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Language_and_Culture_University" title="Beijing Language and Culture University">Beijing Language and Culture University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokayev_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tokayev_signature.svg/128px-Tokayev_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tokayev_signature.svg/192px-Tokayev_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tokayev_signature.svg/256px-Tokayev_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="345" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#1CA9C9;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/File:Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_(2024-01-18).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_%282024-01-18%29.jpg/120px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_%282024-01-18%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_%282024-01-18%29.jpg/250px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_%282024-01-18%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="939" data-file-height="1252" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#1CA9C9;color: #FFF;"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President of Kazakhstan</a> Since 2019 <hr /> Political offices <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Foreign Minister</a> (1994–1999; 2002–2007) <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Prime Minister of Kazakhstan</a> (1999–2002) <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Senate_of_Kazakhstan" title="Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan">Senate Chairman</a> (2007–2011; 2013–2019) <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Chairman of Amanat</a> (2022) <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Kazakhstan" title="Security Council of Kazakhstan">Chairman of Security Council</a> (2022–present) <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President of Kazakhstan</a> (2019–present)</li></ul> <hr /> Premiership <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokayev_Government" title="Tokayev Government">Tokayev Government</a></li></ul> <hr /> Elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2019 Kazakh presidential election">2019</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_2019_presidential_campaign" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2019 presidential campaign">campaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="First inauguration of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">inauguration</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Nur_Otan_Extraordinary_Congress" title="21st Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress">2022 Nur Otan Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2022 Kazakh presidential election">2022</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_2022_presidential_campaign" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2022 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Presidency of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="List of international presidential trips made by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">List of international trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_unrest" title="2022 Kazakh unrest">2022 Kazakh unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Kazakhstan" title="New Kazakhstan">New Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Coalition_(Kazakhstan)" title="People's Coalition (Kazakhstan)">People's Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_constitutional_referendum" title="2022 Kazakh constitutional referendum">2022 referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organisation_for_the_Russian_Language" title="International Organisation for the Russian Language">International Organisation for the Russian Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kazakh_nuclear_power_referendum" title="2024 Kazakh nuclear power referendum">2024 referendum</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Kazakhstan">Cabinets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Mamin_Government" title="First Mamin Government">Mamin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Mamin_Government" title="Second Mamin Government">Mamin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Smaiylov_Government" title="First Smaiylov Government">Smaiylov I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Smaiylov_Government" title="Second Smaiylov Government">Smaiylov II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektenov_Government" title="Bektenov Government">Bektenov</a></li></ul> <hr /> Personal life <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Tokayeva" title="Nadezhda Tokayeva">Nadezhda Tokayeva</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Media gallery</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tokayev_sidebar" title="Template:Tokayev sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Tokayev_sidebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Tokayev sidebar (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tokayev_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tokayev sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Kassym-Jomart Kemeluly Tokayev<a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a> (born 17 May 1953) is a Kazakh politician and diplomat who has served as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President of Kazakhstan</a> since 2019.<a href="#cite_note-2">[1]</a> He previously served as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Prime Minister</a> from 1999 to 2002 and as <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Senate_of_Kazakhstan" title="Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan">Chairman of the Senate</a> from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2013 to 2019. Tokayev also held the position of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Geneva" title="United Nations Office at Geneva">Director-General of the United Nations Office at Geneva</a> from 2011 to 2013. Born in <a href="/wiki/Alma-Ata" class="mw-redirect" title="Alma-Ata">Alma-Ata</a> (now Almaty), Tokayev studied at the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_Institute_of_International_Relations" title="Moscow State Institute of International Relations">Moscow State Institute of International Relations</a> and later trained at diplomatic institutions in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. He began his career in the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Soviet_Union)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)">Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> before joining Kazakhstan’s foreign service after independence in 1991. As Foreign Minister from 1994 to 1999 and again from 2002 to 2007, as well as <a href="/wiki/State_Secretary_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="State Secretary of Kazakhstan">State Secretary</a> from 2002 to 2003, Tokayev played a key role in shaping Kazakhstan’s diplomacy and its <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">nuclear disarmament</a> policies. In March 2019, Tokayev became <a href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_Kazakhstan" title="Acting President of Kazakhstan">acting president</a> following the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a> Later, in June of the same year, he won the first round of <a href="/wiki/2019_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2019 Kazakh presidential election">snap presidential election</a> as the candidate of the ruling <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Nur Otan</a> party.<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> Initially aligned with Nazarbayev, Tokayev gradually consolidated power by removing key figures associated with the former president.<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> His presidency has included various economic initiatives and a shift toward political reforms.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> In January 2022, large-scale protests over fuel prices escalated into <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_unrest" title="2022 Kazakh unrest">violent unrest</a>, prompting Tokayev to declare a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> and request peacekeeping assistance from the <a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">CSTO</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> The subsequent crackdown resulted in casualties and mass arrests.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> Following the crisis, he distanced himself from Nazarbayev, removed key figures associated with the former leader, and implemented constitutional changes, including reducing presidential terms.<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> In <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2022 Kazakh presidential election">2022</a>, Tokayev was re-elected in a snap presidential election, winning 81% of the vote in first round.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> He ran as an <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> candidate under the support of <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Coalition_(Kazakhstan)" title="People's Coalition (Kazakhstan)">People's Coalition</a> after leaving the <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Amanat</a> (formerly Nur Otan) party membership, positioning himself as a reformist. His administration has focused on political restructuring, economic modernization, and maintaining a multi-vector foreign policy, balancing relations with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> Despite advocating political modernization, Tokayev’s government has faced criticism for restricting opposition parties, limiting press freedoms, and suppressing protests.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> In 2022, leaked financial records revealed that his family held offshore assets since at least 1998.<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education">edit</a>]</div> Kassym-Jomart Tokayev was born into a prominent <a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakh</a> family in the city of Alma-Ata (now Almaty). His father, Kemel Tokayev (1923–1986), a <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> veteran and renowned writer, is considered the founder of Kazakh detective fiction. His mother, Turar Shabarbayeva (1931–2000), worked at the Alma-Ata Institute of Foreign Languages. He was named after his uncle, Kassym Tokayev, a <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> soldier who was killed during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rzhev" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Rzhev">Battle of Rzhev</a>. In reflecting on the impact of the war on his father, Tokayev shared that his father "did not like to talk about the war," only revealing his thoughts when discussing "his first encounter with the enemy, the courage of the average soldier, and his burning desire to return home." Kemel Tokayev later received a medal for his contributions to the development of the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Lands_campaign" title="Virgin Lands campaign">Virgin Lands campaign</a> after the war.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> Tokayev spent part of his childhood in the village of <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4lpe" title="Kälpe">Kälpe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karatal_District" title="Karatal District">Karatal District</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Jetisu_Region" title="Jetisu Region">Jetisu Region</a>, where his family had deep roots.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> In 1970, Tokayev enrolled in the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_Institute_of_International_Relations" title="Moscow State Institute of International Relations">Moscow State Institute of International Relations</a>, where he studied <a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Mandarin</a>. During his fifth year, he was sent to the Soviet embassy in China for a six-month training course.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career">edit</a>]</div> Upon graduating from the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_Institute_of_International_Relations" title="Moscow State Institute of International Relations">Moscow State Institute of International Relations</a> in 1975,<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> Tokayev joined the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Soviet_Union)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)">Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> and was posted to the Soviet Embassy in Singapore.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> In 1979, Tokayev returned to the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1983, he attended training courses at the <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Language_and_Culture_University" title="Beijing Language and Culture University">Beijing Language Institute</a> in China. From 1984 to 1991, he served in various diplomatic roles at the Soviet embassy in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, including Second Secretary, First Secretary, and Counsellor. In 1991, he enrolled at the Soviet Diplomatic Academy in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> to further his diplomatic training.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deputy_foreign_minister_(1992–1994)">Deputy foreign minister (1992–1994)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Deputy foreign minister (1992–1994)">edit</a>]</div> In March 1992, Tokayev was appointed a deputy foreign minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan. From there, he briefly took stance against <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">nuclear disarmament</a> in the former Soviet republics of <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> and Ukraine under pressure by Russia, letting negotiations to be held under the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a>, writing it as "a significant success of Kazakh diplomacy, which was taking its first steps in the international arena, opened the way for further negotiations with all influential states at the highest level."<a href="#cite_note-:0-19">[18]</a> In 1993, he became first deputy foreign minister and on 13 October 1994, Tokayev was appointed to the post of <a href="/wiki/Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministers of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">minister of foreign affairs</a>. In March 1999, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev was appointed <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan_(1999–2002)">Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (1999–2002)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (1999–2002)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tokayev_Government" title="Tokayev Government">Tokayev Government</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Kasymzhomart_Tokayev-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev with <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a>, 19 January 2000</figcaption></figure> On 12 October 1999, with the endorsement of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament of Kazakhstan</a>, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Prime Minister of Kazakhstan</a> by decree of President <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>. Upon assuming office, Tokayev’s government placed a strong emphasis on the agricultural sector, recognizing it as a fundamental pillar of the nation's economy. He cautioned against prematurely introducing legislation on land privatization, thereby signaling a cautious approach to such significant reforms. Additionally, Tokayev outlined several key areas of focus for the government, including the development of sports, the timely payment of pensions, and providing support for domestic producers—measures deemed essential for ensuring the long-term economic and social stability of Kazakhstan.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> Under Tokayev's leadership, Kazakhstan's economy showed significant growth, with GDP expanding by 13.5% in 2001, while inflation was successfully reduced by 11.2%.<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> However, in November 2001, during an interview with <a href="/wiki/Khabar_Agency" title="Khabar Agency">Khabar Agency</a>, Tokayev threatened to resign unless Nazarbayev took action against certain government officials whom he accused of undermining the executive branch and obstructing necessary democratic reforms. As a result of this pressure, six cabinet members were dismissed, including Deputy Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Oraz_Jandosov" title="Oraz Jandosov">Oraz Jandosov</a>, Minister of Labour and Social Protection <a href="/wiki/Alikhan_Baimenov" title="Alikhan Baimenov">Alikhan Baimenov</a>, Pavlodar Region akim <a href="/wiki/Galymzhan_Zhakiyanov" title="Galymzhan Zhakiyanov">Galymzhan Zhakiyanov</a>, and Deputy Defense Minister <a href="/w/index.php?title=Janat_Ertlesova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janat Ertlesova (page does not exist)">Janat Ertlesova</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> As a result, six cabinet members, including Jandosov, Zhakiyanov and Ertlesova were dismissed by Nazarbayev.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> On 28 January 2002, Tokayev resigned from his post as Prime Minister, citing the centralization of power under the strong presidential system as the cause of his resignation. He was subsequently appointed as <a href="/wiki/State_Secretary_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="State Secretary of Kazakhstan">State Secretary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a>, where he continued to play a key role in shaping Kazakhstan’s foreign policy.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_minister_and_state_secretary_(1994–1999,_2002–2007)">Foreign minister and state secretary (1994–1999, 2002–2007)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Foreign minister and state secretary (1994–1999, 2002–2007)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokaev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Tokaev.jpg/250px-Tokaev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Tokaev.jpg/330px-Tokaev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Tokaev.jpg/500px-Tokaev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="882" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev in 2006</figcaption></figure> As a minister of foreign affairs, Tokayev played an active role in the field of nuclear non-proliferation. In 1995 and 2005, he participated in the Review Conferences for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in New York City. In 1996, he signed the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Nuclear-Test-Ban_Treaty" title="Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty">Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty</a> (CTBT) in New York, and in 2005 the <a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_Nuclear_Weapon_Free_Zone" title="Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone">Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapons-Free Zone in Central Asia (CANWFZ)</a> in <a href="/wiki/Semey" title="Semey">Semipalatinsk</a>. He was elected Chairman of the Council of Foreign Ministers of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a>. Tokayev took part in ten sessions of the United Nations General Assembly. He held a diplomatic rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. On 28 March 2003, Tokayev expressed support for the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Iraq">US invasion of Iraq</a>, citing concerns over <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>'s potential development of <a href="/wiki/Weapon_of_mass_destruction" title="Weapon of mass destruction">weapons of mass destruction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> Throughout his tenure, Tokayev pursued a multi-vector foreign policy, balancing Kazakhstan’s relations with Russia, China, and the West. His diplomatic efforts helped Kazakhstan avoid confrontations with other states, instead fostering cooperation and promoting stability both regionally and globally. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chairman_of_the_Senate_(2007–2011,_2013–2019)">Chairman of the Senate (2007–2011, 2013–2019)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Chairman of the Senate (2007–2011, 2013–2019)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Kerry,_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_(9757147883).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Secretary_Kerry%2C_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_%289757147883%29.jpg/220px-Secretary_Kerry%2C_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_%289757147883%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Secretary_Kerry%2C_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_%289757147883%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Kerry%2C_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_%289757147883%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Secretary_Kerry%2C_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_%289757147883%29.jpg/440px-Secretary_Kerry%2C_Russian_Foreign_Minister_Lavrov_Meet_with_UN_Special_Envoy_Brahimi_%289757147883%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2324" data-file-height="1542" /></a><figcaption>Kassym-Jomart Tokayev with <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> on 13 September 2013</figcaption></figure> On 11 January 2007, Tokayev was appointed Deputy and Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan by Nursultan Nazarbayev. He was elected unanimously by the Senate deputies to the position. Tokayev emphasized that Kazakhstan was facing important tasks at this moment in history and pledged to make every effort to achieve the country's goals, including the strategy to place Kazakhstan among the top 50 most competitive states. He served the post until being relieved on 15 April 2011 after being appointed Director-General of the United Nations. President Nazarbayev expressed his gratitude towards Tokayev, stating that he's "absolutely committed to the path of reforms that I am pursuing."<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> On 16 October 2013, he was reappointed again as the Senate Chair and was unanimously confirmed by the Senate MPs.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2016_Protests_against_land_reforms_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Protests against land reforms in Kazakhstan">2016 Protests against land reforms in Kazakhstan</a>, Tokayev stressed the issue of land lease to be dealt with in a critical matter.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> During the interview to <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> in June 2018, Tokayev hinted a possibility on Nazarbayev's succession by expressing his belief that he wouldn't run for re-election as his presidential term was to end in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vice-President_of_the_OSCE_PA">Vice-President of the OSCE PA</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Vice-President of the OSCE PA">edit</a>]</div> While serving as a deputy of the Senate, Tokayev was elected Vice-President of the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_the_Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> (OSCE PA) during its 31st Annual Session in <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> on 3 July 2008.<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> From there, he played a key part in international parliamentary diplomacy, election monitoring, and regional security discussions. Tokayev contributed to OSCE PA initiatives, including serving as deputy head of the election observation mission under <a href="/wiki/Tony_Lloyd" title="Tony Lloyd">Tony Lloyd</a> to Belarus during the <a href="/wiki/2010_Belarusian_presidential_election" title="2010 Belarusian presidential election">2010 presidential election</a>,<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> which raised concerns about electoral transparency and human rights violations.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Tokayev also prioritized trans-regional cooperation, particularly in addressing security challenges in Central Asia, such as the <a href="/wiki/2010_Kyrgyz_Revolution" title="2010 Kyrgyz Revolution">unrest in Kyrgyzstan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Afghan_conflict" title="Afghan conflict">conflict in Afghanistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-33">[32]</a> He advocated for stronger OSCE engagement in the region and efforts to enhance stability.<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> His leadership was instrumental in hosting key OSCE PA events in Kazakhstan, including the 2010 Trans-Asian Parliamentary Forum in <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>, where Tokayev reinforced Kazakhstan’s commitment to international cooperation and parliamentary diplomacy.<a href="#cite_note-:3-33">[32]</a><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Director-General_of_the_UN_Office_at_Geneva">Director-General of the UN Office at Geneva</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Director-General of the UN Office at Geneva">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg/250px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg/330px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg/500px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4092" data-file-height="2770" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev speaking at the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_Commission_for_Europe" title="United Nations Economic Commission for Europe">United Nations Economic Commission for Europe</a>, 1 October 2012</figcaption></figure>In March 2011, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, <a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a>, announced the appointment of Tokayev to succeed <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Ordzhonikidze" title="Sergei Ordzhonikidze">Sergei Ordzhonikidze</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations">Under-Secretary-General</a> and Director-General of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Geneva" title="United Nations Office at Geneva">United Nations Office at Geneva</a>, a key hub for the UN's international diplomatic and humanitarian work, citing his wealth of experience at senior government levels, his thorough knowledge of the <a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Disarmament" title="Conference on Disarmament">Conference on Disarmament</a> (CD) and his extensive management expertise.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> With this appointment, Tokayev made history as the first Asian representative to hold the position.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> Tokayev was appointed as the Personal Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General to the CD, a vital body for negotiating international arms control and disarmament agreements. During his leadership, he navigated financial challenges, implemented reforms to improve efficiency, and ensured the office’s continued effectiveness.<a href="#cite_note-:1-37">[36]</a> He worked to overcome the deadlock on critical disarmament issues, including the <a href="/wiki/Fissile_Material_Cut-off_Treaty" title="Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty">Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty</a>, proposing in February 2012 procedural reforms such as extending the presidency duration and expanding membership.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> Tokayev emphasized the need for political will and urgent action to revitalize the CD and advance global disarmament efforts.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> His tenure also saw his participation in the <a href="/wiki/2012_Nuclear_Security_Summit" title="2012 Nuclear Security Summit">2012 Nuclear Security Summit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, where he highlighted Kazakhstan’s commitment to nuclear disarmament and global security.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> Tokayev's tenure was marked by his efforts to promote Geneva as a diplomatic hub on issues such as human rights, global health, economic cooperation, and climate change for international dialogue as well as addressing conflicts, such as the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a>, and territorial disputes. He strongly supported UN reforms, including Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon’s initiatives to reduce administrative costs and enhance transparency in UN operations, aligning with his broader goal of maintaining the UN Office’s effectiveness.<a href="#cite_note-:1-37">[36]</a> Following his appointment as Chairman of the Senate, Tokayev stepped down as Director-General of the UN Office in Geneva and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Michael_M%C3%B8ller" title="Michael Møller">Michael Møller</a> on 5 November 2013.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidency">Presidency</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Presidency">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Presidency of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Presidency of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acting_president">Acting president</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Acting president">edit</a>]</div> On 19 March 2019, then-President <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a> announced his resignation.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> According to the Constitution of Kazakhstan, in case of early termination of powers, the <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_Senate_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair of the Senate of Kazakhstan">Senate chairman</a> becomes the <a href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_Kazakhstan" title="Acting President of Kazakhstan">acting president</a> until the end of the previous term.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> On 20 March, Tokayev officially took office as president.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inauguration-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> Immediately upon assuming office, Tokayev proposed renaming the capital city of Kazakhstan after his predecessor, and the same day the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament of Kazakhstan</a> approved the renaming of Astana to <a href="/wiki/Nur-Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur-Sultan">Nur-Sultan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> In his first weeks of office, Tokayev conducted trips across regions, meeting with various groups, and emphasized the importance of political stability, socio-economic development, and alignment with Nazarbayev's legacy. He focused on ensuring continuity and stability in Kazakhstan’s policies, while addressing new global challenges through effective leadership and strategic direction.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2019_snap_presidential_election">2019 snap presidential election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2019 snap presidential election">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/2019_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2019 Kazakh presidential election">2019 Kazakh presidential election</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_2019_presidential_campaign" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2019 presidential campaign">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2019 presidential campaign</a></div> On 9 April 2019, Tokayev signed decree scheduling <a href="/wiki/2019_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2019 Kazakh presidential election">snap presidential election</a>s to be held on 9 June.<a href="#cite_note-:9-51">[50]</a> He pledged electoral transparency and emphasized that Kazakhstan is a democratic state, asserting that a president should be elected according to the "will of the people" to eliminate political uncertainty.<a href="#cite_note-:9-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> Tokayev became a presidential candidate after being nominated by the ruling <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Nur Otan</a> party on 23 April 2019, with the endorsement of party chairman and former president <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> His campaign focused on continuing existing policies, ensuring justice, and promoting progress. A key part of his platform was maintaining Nazarbayev’s legacy, which Tokayev cited as his reason for running.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> During the campaign, Tokayev was mocked on social media for using <a href="/wiki/Photo_manipulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Photo manipulation">photo manipulation</a> software to remove wrinkles and his double chin from official photos.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> On 9 June 2019, Tokayev was elected president of Kazakhstan with 71% of the popular vote in the first round.<a href="#cite_note-Tokayev-wins-57">[56]</a> His victory was acknowledged by several foreign leaders, including <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Recep Tayyip Erdogan">Recep Tayyip Erdogan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emomali_Rahmon" title="Emomali Rahmon">Emomali Rahmon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sooronbay_Jeenbekov" title="Sooronbay Jeenbekov">Sooronbay Jeenbekov</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> However, the election was marked by <a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932020_Kazakh_protests" title="2018–2020 Kazakh protests">protests</a>, with security forces detaining thousands of demonstrators in major cities such as <a href="/wiki/Nur-Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur-Sultan">Nur-Sultan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> (OSCE) criticized the election, stating that it lacked genuine pluralism and was marred by irregularities, including <a href="/wiki/Ballot_stuffing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballot stuffing">ballot stuffing</a> and restrictions on <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_assembly" title="Freedom of assembly">freedom of assembly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_presidency_(2019–2022)">Early presidency (2019–2022)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Early presidency (2019–2022)">edit</a>]</div> After being elected in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2019 Kazakh presidential election">2019 election</a>, Tokayev was <a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="First inauguration of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">fully sworn in</a> as Kazakhstan's second president on 12 June 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Independence_(Nur-Sultan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Independence (Nur-Sultan)">Palace of Independence</a> in Nur-Sultan, which was attended by high-ranking Kazakh officials including former president Nazarbayev himself.<a href="#cite_note-:10-65">[64]</a> From there, Tokayev addressed the nation that he would serve the nation's citizens fairly, embarking that "different opinions, united nation" would be a slogan of his presidency.<a href="#cite_note-:10-65">[64]</a> In June 2019, following a military ammo deposit blast in the town of <a href="/wiki/Arys,_Kazakhstan" title="Arys, Kazakhstan">Arys</a> which resulted in evacuations of residents and hundreds of injuries, Tokayev launched a criminal case and ordered the Interior and Defence ministries to prevent possible more explosions, pledging that any perpetrators would be prosecuted.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> Tokayev paid visit to the town on 25 June, touring buildings that were affected by the blast as well as meeting with hospitalised victims.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> Tokayev delivered his first State of the Nation Address on 2 September 2019. The address focused on strengthening civil society and social security, supporting domestic business and economic development.<a href="#cite_note-Tokayev20-69">[68]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Bek_Air_Flight_2100" title="Bek Air Flight 2100">Bek Air Flight 2100</a> crash, Tokayev declared the following day, 28 December 2019, a <a href="/wiki/National_day_of_mourning" title="National day of mourning">national day of mourning</a> and said that "all those responsible will be severely punished in accordance with the law."<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> He also ordered the suspension of the flight authorisation of <a href="/wiki/Bek_Air" title="Bek Air">Bek Air</a>, the domestic airline involved.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Following the <a href="/wiki/2020_Dungan%E2%80%93Kazakh_ethnic_clashes" title="2020 Dungan–Kazakh ethnic clashes">Dungan–Kazakh ethnic clashes</a> which broke out in February 2020, Tokayev fired the governor, deputy governor and police chief of the southern <a href="/wiki/Jambyl_Region" title="Jambyl Region">Jambyl Region</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> Tokayev blamed "two criminal groups" fighting over contraband for the deadly <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_violence" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic violence">ethnic violence</a> between ethnic <a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a> and the relatively wealthier <a href="/wiki/Dungan_people" title="Dungan people">Dungan</a> minority.<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> In an interview to Informburo news agency, Tokayev commented on the fate of <a href="/wiki/Mukhtar_Dzhakishev" title="Mukhtar Dzhakishev">Mukhtar Dzhakishev</a>, saying "this issue is exclusively within the competence of the court. Of course, I am aware that Dzhakishev has repeatedly applied for parole on ill-health. The session of the court of first instance will be held on 3 March. Let's wait for its decision, which I am sure will be fair."<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> On 3 March 2020, the Semey City Court upheld the motion to grant parole to Dzhakishev. He served a 14-year prison sentence since 2009.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> In his second State of the Nation Address on 1 September 2020, Tokayev unveiled seven reforms with most focus on economic recovery. From there, he spoke of optimizing Kazakhstan's social system, increasing productivity and a greener economy, leveling business conditions, investing more in education and overseeing the state's administration as it becomes more sensitive and accountable.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relationship_with_Nazarbayev">Relationship with Nazarbayev</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Relationship with Nazarbayev">edit</a>]</div> In the early years of his presidency, Tokayev governed under the significant influence of <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>, who continued to hold key positions, including the chairmanship of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Kazakhstan" title="Security Council of Kazakhstan">Security Council</a>, the ruling <a href="/wiki/Nur_Otan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur Otan">Nur Otan</a> party, and the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_People_of_Kazakhstan" title="Assembly of People of Kazakhstan">Assembly of People of Kazakhstan</a> (QHA).<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Dariga_Nazarbayeva" title="Dariga Nazarbayeva">Dariga Nazarbayeva</a>’s appointment as <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Senate_of_Kazakhstan" title="Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan">Senate Chairwoman</a> positioned her as Tokayev’s constitutional successor, which contributed to the perception of a <a href="/wiki/Dual_power" title="Dual power">dual power</a> structure.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> In October 2019, Tokayev signed a decree stipulating that ministerial appointments required Nazarbayev's approval, with the exception of the ministers of defense, interior, and foreign affairs.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> This move further underscored Nazarbayev's continued influence over key governmental decisions.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> However, in May 2020, Tokayev dismissed Dariga Nazarbayeva from her position as Senate Chairwoman, signaling a potential shift in the balance of power and fueling speculation about Tokayev’s increasing political independence.<a href="#cite_note-:32-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> Throughout this period, Tokayev rejected the notion of a dual power structure, emphasizing that there was no <a href="/wiki/Diarchy" title="Diarchy">diarchy</a> between himself and Nazarbayev. He asserted that while he occasionally sought advice from Nazarbayev, he was the legitimately elected head of state and that there were no contradictions in his exercise of presidential authority.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> Nazarbayev’s gradual retreat from the political scene became more evident on 28 April 2021, when he resigned from the chairmanship of the QHA and nominated Tokayev as his successor.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> By November 2021, Nazarbayev officially ceded leadership of the Nur Otan party to Tokayev, thus consolidating Tokayev’s control over both the presidency and the ruling party.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Abolition_of_capital_punishment">Abolition of capital punishment</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Abolition of capital punishment">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev played a pivotal role in Kazakhstan’s decision to abolish the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a>, a move shaped by domestic human rights advocacy and international commitments. In December 2019, he announced the country's intention to join the <a href="/wiki/Second_Optional_Protocol_to_the_International_Covenant_on_Civil_and_Political_Rights" title="Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights">Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights</a>, responding to concerns raised by Kazakh human rights activists and experts during discussions at the National Council of Public Trust. He directed the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> to initiate the process of accession, setting the stage for legislative changes.<a href="#cite_note-:13-88">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> Addressing the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> in 2020, Tokayev framed the decision as a step toward fulfilling "a fundamental right to life and human dignity." Shortly after, on 23 September 2020, Kazakhstan’s representative to the UN, Kairat Umarov, formally signed the protocol.<a href="#cite_note-:13-88">[87]</a> The Parliament ratified the document on 29 December 2020, and on 2 January 2021, Tokayev signed the decree officially abolishing the death penalty.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading6"><h6 id="2021_legislative_elections">2021 legislative elections</h6>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2021 legislative elections">edit</a>]</div> In autumn 2020, Tokayev announced date for <a href="/wiki/2021_Kazakh_legislative_election" title="2021 Kazakh legislative election">2021 legislative electionss</a>, where he asserted that the electoral and political process had been liberalised to allow for greater involvement in civil society and that the newly incoming parliament convocation will focus on support for socio-economic reforms.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> During election day, Tokayev said that the government would resign in accordance with law and that he would consult with newly elected deputies and party leaders in regard to the appointments of prime minister and cabinet members.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> In the aftermath of vote, the ruling <a href="/wiki/Nur_Otan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur Otan">Nur Otan</a> despite losing dozen seats, topped the results in which the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> (OSCE) citied that the elections "lacked genuine competition".<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> At the opening session of the <a href="/wiki/7th_Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="7th Parliament of Kazakhstan">7th Parliament</a> held on 15 January 2021, Tokayev reappointed <a href="/wiki/Asqar_Mamin" title="Asqar Mamin">Asqar Mamin</a> as the prime minister.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Domestic_policy">Domestic policy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Domestic policy">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev outlined main directions for Kazakhstan which were increasing the incomes of population, eradication of corruption, judicial reforms, creating new jobs with decent wages, solving housing issues, fair social policies, regional developments, spiritualism, foreign national interests and youth opportunities.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> In his first month of presidency, Tokayev made several reorganisations and appointments within the administration and the ministerial cabinet with some top officials such as Presidential Administration head <a href="/wiki/Bakhytzhan_Sagintayev" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakhytzhan Sagintayev">Bakhytzhan Sagintayev</a> and National Security Committee chairman <a href="/wiki/Karim_Massimov" title="Karim Massimov">Karim Massimov</a> keeping their posts while others being reshuffled or forced to stepped down.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Economic_reforms">Economic reforms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Economic reforms">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev has emphasized economic equity, advocating for a fair distribution of national income, which he described as "strategically important" for Kazakhstan. Early in his presidency, he took steps to enhance trade and economic growth, establishing the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Trade_and_Integration_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Trade and Integration (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Trade and Integration</a> in June 2019 and appointing <a href="/wiki/Bakhyt_Sultanov" title="Bakhyt Sultanov">Bakhyt Sultanov</a> as its head. The Ministry was tasked with boosting exports, a key driver of job creation and economic expansion. In response to financial difficulties faced by citizens, Tokayev prioritized wage increases and debt relief. In a national address, he announced a raise in the <a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_Kazakhstan" title="Minimum wage in Kazakhstan">minimum wage</a>—the first since 2018—from 42,500 to 60,000 ₸, effective 1 January 2022. He framed this decision as a necessary step to stimulate domestic consumption amid the financial strain caused by the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. To further support workers, he urged businesses to increase salaries and pledged state-backed incentives to facilitate wage growth. Tokayev also pursued social support policies aimed at relieving personal debt. In an interview with <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a>, he outlined an initiative to assist citizens in extreme financial hardship, ultimately benefitting 16% of Kazakhstan’s population. Rejecting government bailouts for banks, he instead signed a decree on 26 June 2019 directing the government and National Bank to begin decommissioning unsecured consumer loans, signaling a shift toward financial self-reliance. His administration also focused on economic governance and structural reforms. In January 2020, Tokayev initiated the formation of the Centre for Analysis and Monitoring of Socio-Economic Reforms, later evolving into the Presidential Reform Agency. That same month, he called for stricter registration policies for cars imported from the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a> (EAEU), despite protests from vehicle owners with foreign plates. The <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_recession" title="COVID-19 recession">economic challenges</a> brought by the COVID-19 pandemic prompted further government intervention. In March 2020, Tokayev directed the government to develop an anti-crisis plan to uphold social obligations.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> The plan introduced tax incentives, subsidized credit, and employment support to ease the burden on the private sector.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> However, as inflation surged, public dissatisfaction grew.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> Tokayev criticized the government and central bank for their inaction, calling for a reduction in inflation to 2–4% and attributing the rise in prices to an excess money supply generated by pandemic relief measures.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Credit_amnesty">Credit amnesty</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Credit amnesty">edit</a>]</div> On 26 June 2019, the President signed a Decree "On Measures to Reduce the Debt Burden of Citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan" to provide timely assistance to citizens with financial difficulties.<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> The credit amnesty was a one-time measure and affected families with many children, disabled people, and recipients of state-targeted social assistance. The amount of loans to be written off had to be no more than 3 million tenge (around $6,500) as of 1 June 2019. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Education">Education</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kazakhstan" title="Education in Kazakhstan">Education in Kazakhstan</a></div> At the teacher's conference held in August 2019, Tokayev announced that the average salary for schoolteachers in Kazakhstan would be increased by double within four years. He also instructed the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_and_Science_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Education and Science (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Education and Science</a> to develop and launch special programs to overcome the academic gap of children from low-income families and schools in socially troubled areas, noting the need of overcome educational inequality specially between rural and urban areas.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Energy_and_cryptocurrency">Energy and cryptocurrency</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Energy and cryptocurrency">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Kazakhstan" title="Energy in Kazakhstan">Energy in Kazakhstan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptocurrency mining">Cryptocurrency mining</a></div> Tokayev expressed the need for Kazakhstan to have a nuclear power plant in April 2019, claiming that the country would face an electricity deficit by 2030.<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> From early 2021, energy consumption in Kazakhstan sharply rose by 8% as a result of increase in cryptocurrency mining from miners fleeing China.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> In May 2021, Tokayev announced the Low-Carbon Development Concept, a national project which seeks to reduce Kazakhstan's dependency on coal by development electric power industry and the country's energy balance by 2035.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Environment">Environment</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Environment">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment of Kazakhstan">Environment of Kazakhstan</a></div> From the outset of his presidency, Tokayev signaled a commitment to addressing environmental challenges, describing them as "concerning" in his inaugural speech.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-107">[106]</a> To streamline environmental governance, he established the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Ecology,_Geology_and_Natural_Resources_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Ecology, Geology, and Natural Resources</a> in June 2019, appointing <a href="/wiki/Magzum_Myrzagaliev" title="Magzum Myrzagaliev">Magzum Myrzagaliev</a> as its head.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> The Ministry was tasked with overseeing environmental protection, resource management, and waste treatment, reflecting Tokayev’s broader agenda of sustainable development.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> One of the key environmental issues Tokayev addressed was air pollution in <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>, where he emphasized the need for decisive action.<a href="#cite_note-:4-111">[110]</a> He directed the government, the city administration, and Samruk-Energy to expedite the transition of the Almaty-2 thermal power station to <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>, citing its emissions as a major source of pollution. Tokayev warned against any delays in implementation, calling them "absolutely unacceptable."<a href="#cite_note-:4-111">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> His administration also pursued legislative measures to protect Kazakhstan’s natural resources. In 2021, the <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4jilis" title="Mäjilis">Mäjilis</a> ratified a protocol under the Caspian Sea Framework Convention, aimed at regulating pollution from land-based sources. Tokayev signed the law into effect on 4 October 2021, reinforcing Kazakhstan’s commitment to regional environmental cooperation.<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Kazakhstan" title="Healthcare in Kazakhstan">Healthcare in Kazakhstan</a></div> Tokayev supported a <a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_mandate" title="Health insurance mandate">health insurance mandate</a> in Kazakhstan as a way to improve the quality and accessibility of medical services as well as maintained funding for free medical care and the development of healthcare system.<a href="#cite_note-:5-114">[113]</a> On 7 July 2020, Tokayev signed the new code "On public health and healthcare system" and law "On amendments and additions to certain legislative acts on healthcare issues" into place, which strengthened legal protection for medical personnel, introduced a differentiated approach to medical errors, and redefined a citizen's rights regarding vaccination. The code also restricted the consumption of e-cigarettes and introduced a ban on the import, production and distribution of snus and other non-smoking tobacco products, as well as introduced administrative responsibility for the sale of tobacco products to persons under the age of 21.<a href="#cite_note-:6-115">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev pledged for the government to continue in investing for the development of infrastructure so that Kazakh citizens would have an access for clean drinking water, natural gas and public transport and continue in monitoring the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Nurly_Zhol" title="Nurly Zhol">Nurly Zhol</a> programme, of which was enacted by Nazarbayev.<a href="#cite_note-:5-114">[113]</a> He called for the officials along with the Parliament and Accounts Committee to ensure the efficient use of budget funds.<a href="#cite_note-:5-114">[113]</a> During a visit to <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a> in May 2020, Tokayev was presented with plans for the reconstruction of the <a href="/wiki/Almaty_International_Airport" title="Almaty International Airport">Almaty International Airport</a> which included a new terminal, from there he expressed his desire that the Almaty Airport would become largest aviation hub in Central Asia.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Political_reforms">Political reforms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Political reforms">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Kazakhstan" title="Politics of Kazakhstan">Politics of Kazakhstan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading6"><h6 id="Listening_State">Listening State</h6>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Listening State">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokayev_with_officials,_January_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tokayev_with_officials%2C_January_2021.jpg/231px-Tokayev_with_officials%2C_January_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="231" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tokayev_with_officials%2C_January_2021.jpg/347px-Tokayev_with_officials%2C_January_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tokayev_with_officials%2C_January_2021.jpg/462px-Tokayev_with_officials%2C_January_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3678" data-file-height="1544" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev meeting with government officials and deputies, 15 January 2021</figcaption></figure> One of the significant elements of the President's public policy was to propose the concept of a "Listening State", where the public administration would follow the basic principle of "not a citizen for the state, but a state for the citizen". Tokayev advocated political reforms that would promote the concept of a "state that listens" to civil society creating a constructive dialogue.<a href="#cite_note-Tokayev20-69">[68]</a> Tokayev initiated the establishment of the new National Council of Public Trust to facilitate this dialogue.<a href="#cite_note-Tokayev20-69">[68]</a> He also called for <a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">direct elections</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Akim" title="Akim">äkıms</a> (local heads) of rural districts, townships, and villages to be held in 2021 to which he signed decree on 14 September 2020 of the implementation of National Plan of Measures which set tasks for the drafting of constitutional amendments that would allow for rural äkım direct elections as well as the development of local government and its functions.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> In May 2020, Tokayev signed the laws "On the procedure for organizing and holding peaceful assemblies in the Republic of Kazakhstan", "On introducing amendments to the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "On Elections in the Republic of Kazakhstan", and "On introducing amendments and additions to the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Political Parties".<a href="#cite_note-Reforms-119">[118]</a> The new laws are an important part of the measures to strengthen the state's democratic foundations, and enhance the role of civil society.<a href="#cite_note-Reforms-119">[118]</a> In his State of the Nation Address, he emphasised that "Kazakhstan must create a <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party system</a> to build a modern, effective state", also saying that the ruling <a href="/wiki/Nur_Otan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur Otan">Nur Otan</a> party should collaborate more with other parties.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> In January 2021, Tokayev at the opening first session of the <a href="/wiki/7th_Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="7th Parliament of Kazakhstan">7th Parliament</a> proposed to reduce the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_threshold" title="Electoral threshold">electoral threshold</a> from 7% to 5%, stating it would encourage more registered parties to participate in the future parliamentary elections as well as the vote option "Against all" to be re-included in the ballots once again.<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> As the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament</a> ratified Tokayev's proposed constitutional amendments, he signed the laws into place on 25 May 2021.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Foreign policy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg/250px-Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg/330px-Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg/500px-Zelenskyi_and_Tokaev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev (right) with Ukrainian President <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelensky" class="mw-redirect" title="Volodymyr Zelensky">Volodymyr Zelensky</a> at the U.N. General Assembly in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, 25 September 2019</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg/220px-Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg/330px-Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg/440px-Meeting_of_SCO_leaders_-_20190614_-_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev at the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a> summit</figcaption></figure> In his first month as president, Tokayev met with four world leaders — Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and Chinese President <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> during trips abroad,<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> and South Korean President <a href="/wiki/Moon_Jae-in" title="Moon Jae-in">Moon Jae-in</a> and Uzbek President <a href="/wiki/Shavkat_Mirziyoyev" title="Shavkat Mirziyoyev">Shavkat Mirziyoyev</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nur-Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur-Sultan">Nur-Sultan</a> — strengthening Kazakhstan's international relations. On 4 December 2019, on the eve of a state visit to Germany, he gave an interview to <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>, in which he called Germany a "key European partner for Kazakhstan".<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> In that same interview, he drew controversy by saying that he did not believe that the <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a> was an invasion while also saying that he believed in the "wisdom of the Russian leadership", drawing condemnation from the Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>, who issued a <a href="/wiki/Demarche" class="mw-redirect" title="Demarche">demarche</a> in response.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> In April 2021, Tokayev signed a decree forming the Special Representative for International Cooperation, claiming that such post would increase attention of Kazakhstan's leadership to international cooperation concerns in the light of the dynamically changing global and regional agenda.<a href="#cite_note-:11-127">[126]</a> He appointed <a href="/wiki/Erzhan_Kazykhanov" title="Erzhan Kazykhanov">Erzhan Kazykhanov</a> to the post, whom was instructed to deal with issues of expanding international cooperation in the humanitarian sphere, climate diplomacy, as well as promoting Kazakhstan's key foreign policy initiatives.<a href="#cite_note-:11-127">[126]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_%282%29.jpg/250px-Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_%282%29.jpg/330px-Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_%282%29.jpg/500px-Istanbul_hosts_8th_Summit_of_Cooperation_Council_of_Turkic-Speaking_States_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1960" data-file-height="1162" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev at the 2021 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkic_Council_summits" title="List of Turkic Council summits">Cooperation Council of Turkic-Speaking States</a> in Istanbul, Turkey</figcaption></figure> During the sixth meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Interaction_and_Confidence-Building_Measures_in_Asia" title="Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia">Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia</a> held on 10–11 October 2021, Tokayev proposed turning the intergovernmental forum into a full-fledged organisation, outlining that the transformation would emphasise Asia's new role in global affairs which in turn give the member states commitment to create "a truly common, indivisible, and comprehensive security architecture on the largest continent".<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="2021_Taliban_offensive">2021 Taliban offensive</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 2021 Taliban offensive">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Kazakhstan relations">Afghanistan–Kazakhstan relations</a></div> Following the <a href="/wiki/2021_Taliban_offensive" title="2021 Taliban offensive">2021 Taliban offensive</a>, Tokayev urged to take measures in ensuring safety of Kazakhstani citizens and diplomats within <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, in which Kazakhstan would closely follow its developments.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> During a meeting with the EU Special Representative for Central Asia <a href="/wiki/Terhi_Hakala" title="Terhi Hakala">Tehri Hakala</a>, Tokayev expressed concern in regards to the stability in Afghanistan, warning that entire region of Central Asian is facing a risk due to the conflict.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> On 18 August 2021, he instructed the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> to attempt to provide a maximum assistance in returning ethnic Kazakhs residing in Afghanistan, while noting that the issue of accepting Afghan refugees would not be considered.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Russia">Russia</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Russia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Russia relations">Kazakhstan–Russia relations</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_(2019-04-03)_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_%282019-04-03%29_03.jpg/220px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_%282019-04-03%29_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_%282019-04-03%29_03.jpg/330px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_%282019-04-03%29_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_%282019-04-03%29_03.jpg/440px-Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_and_Vladimir_Putin_%282019-04-03%29_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev and Putin in the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a>, 4 April 2019</figcaption></figure>According to political analyst Rico Isaacs, the decision in Tokayev replacing <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a> was due to his own full will to not rapidly implement <a href="/wiki/Democratization" title="Democratization">democratic reforms</a>, which would hurt Nazarbayev's legacy of stability and relations with Russia.<a href="#cite_note-:102-133">[132]</a> Just two weeks after taking office, Tokayev visited <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> in his first foreign <a href="/wiki/State_visit" title="State visit">state visit</a> on 4 April 2019, meeting with Putin alongside other Russian officials.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> During the visit, Putin offered Russian assistance to Tokayev in the construction of a proposed <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_plant" title="Nuclear power plant">nuclear power plant</a> in the country.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> In June 2019, Tokayev stated that the decision of constructing a nuclear power plants would be made on decision by local matter, if by means of a <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> In late 2020, Russian lawmakers <a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Nikonov" title="Vyacheslav Nikonov">Vyacheslav Nikonov</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Alexeyevich_Fyodorov" class="mw-redirect" title="Yevgeny Alexeyevich Fyodorov">Yevgeny Fyodorov</a> made remarks on how the entire Kazakhstani territory was a gift given by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and that was currently being leased by Russia. This sparked backlash from the Kazakh <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> which warned about severing relations between both nations due to "provocative attacks".<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> In response to controversial statements, Tokayev in response on <a href="/wiki/Yegemen_Qazaqstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yegemen Qazaqstan">Egemen Qazaqstan</a>, wrote that such words from "some foreign citizens" are aimed at "spoiling" relations between two states, insisting that "nobody from outside gave Kazakhs this large territory as a gift."<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="China">China</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: China">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="China–Kazakhstan relations">China–Kazakhstan relations</a></div> Tokayev made a state visit to China in September 2019.<a href="#cite_note-:Sun-140">[139]</a>: 158  There, he met with President <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> of which both leaders agreed to form a permanent comprehensive strategic partnership.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> Tokayev vowed to triple wheat exports to China to 2 million tonnes possibly including salt, dairy products, meat and poultry as well.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> During a visit to <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a>, he met with his long-term intern language teacher Liu Shiqing as well as Kazakhstani students. Shiqing described Tokayev as "sociable, active, quick" who became fluent in Chinese and as "one of the best students."<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Former_Soviet_republics">Former Soviet republics</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Former Soviet republics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Armenia–Kazakhstan relations">Armenia–Kazakhstan relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations">Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Kyrgyzstan_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan relations">Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan relations</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations">Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations</a></div> On 14 April 2019, Tokayev visited neighboring <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> for talks with President <a href="/wiki/Shavkat_Mirziyoyev" title="Shavkat Mirziyoyev">Shavkat Mirziyoyev</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> On 16–17 May, Tokayev hosted foreign leaders such as <a href="/wiki/Armen_Sarkissian" title="Armen Sarkissian">Armen Sarkissian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mamuka_Bakhtadze" title="Mamuka Bakhtadze">Mamuka Bakhtadze</a> in the capital for the 12th annual <a href="/wiki/Astana_Economic_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Astana Economic Forum">Astana Economic Forum</a>, the first to be hosted by its pioneer, President Nazarbayev.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> He also hosted the regional leaders of Russia, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Eurasian_Economic_Council" title="Supreme Eurasian Economic Council">Supreme Eurasian Economic Council</a> summit on 29 May. During a visit to Kyrgyzstan in late 2019, he visited the House-Museum of Kyrgyz writer <a href="/wiki/Chingiz_Aitmatov" class="mw-redirect" title="Chingiz Aitmatov">Chingiz Aitmatov</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a>, where he met with the late writer's wife and reminisced about his first encounters with Aitmatov in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> Following the breakout of the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war</a>, Tokayev called on <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> to withdraw from the disputed territory, citing the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> accordance to which he claimed that the Armenian government failed to fulfill for its past 30 years.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="United_States">United States</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kazakhstan–United States relations">Kazakhstan–United States relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_(52717195281).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717195281%29.jpg/220px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717195281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717195281%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717195281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717195281%29.jpg/440px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717195281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev meets with Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> in Astana, 28 February 2023</figcaption></figure> After becoming president, Tokayev maintained strong relations with Kazakhstan's strategic allies, including the United States. On 2 February 2020, he met with U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> during his visit to <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> where both sides expressed the importance of deepening bilateral ties across the entire spectrum of cooperation, including trade, investment, IT technologies, promoting democratic values and combating international terrorism. Pompeo wished for Tokayev in his success in implementing political reforms with an <a href="/wiki/Open_skies" class="mw-redirect" title="Open skies">open skies</a> agreement being signed which created a legal basis for launching direct regular flights between Kazakhstan and U.S.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> According to some analysists, Pompeo's visit to Kazakhstan was seen as an attempt to counter China's influence within the country as he had met with ethnic Kazakh families of whom were victims of the <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_internment_camps" title="Xinjiang internment camps">Xinjiang internment camps</a> and urged for Tokayev to pressure China over its persecution of ethnic Uyghur and Kazakhs.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a> In June 2020, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> congratulated President Tokayev on his one-year anniversary of presidency. In his congratulatory letter, Trump expressed his support for the reforms that had been undertaken in Kazakhstan and reaffirmed his intention to further develop strategic partnership between the two countries.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_unrest_and_consolidation_of_power">2022 unrest and consolidation of power</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 2022 unrest and consolidation of power">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_unrest" title="2022 Kazakh unrest">2022 Kazakh unrest</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg/224px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg/336px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg/448px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Residence,_Almaty" title="President's Residence, Almaty">President's Residence</a> after being stormed by protesters during the unrest in <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>,</figcaption></figure> In January 2022, protests erupted in <a href="/wiki/Zhanaozen" title="Zhanaozen">Zhanaozen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangystau_Region" title="Mangystau Region">Mangystau Region</a>, following a sudden increase in <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">liquefied petroleum gas</a> (LPG) prices. In response to the sharp rise, Tokayev introduced <a href="/wiki/Price_controls" title="Price controls">price control</a>s on LPG, diesel, gasoline, and essential goods in an effort to stabilize the situation and address public concerns.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-theguardian-154">[153]</a> However, the protests quickly escalated into large-scale nationwide civil unrest, driven by grievances over economic inequality, corruption, and political stagnation under Tokayev's administration and the long rule of former president <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> On 5 January 2022, Tokayev declared a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a>, imposed a <a href="/wiki/Curfew" title="Curfew">curfew</a>, and authorized security forces to use <a href="/wiki/Deadly_force" title="Deadly force">deadly force</a> against demonstrators, stating they would "shoot to kill, without warning."<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> He labeled the protesters as "bandits and terrorists" and accused them of attempting to destabilize the country as part of an alleged <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> attempt orchestrated by "foreign-trained militants".<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> That same day, he dismissed Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Asqar_Mamin" title="Asqar Mamin">Asqar Mamin</a> and assumed control of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Kazakhstan" title="Security Council of Kazakhstan">Security Council</a>, removing Nazarbayev from his long-held position as chairman.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a> He also replaced <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_(Kazakhstan)" title="National Security Committee (Kazakhstan)">National Security Committee</a> (NSC) chairman <a href="/wiki/Karim_Massimov" title="Karim Massimov">Karim Massimov</a> with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ermek_Sagimbayev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ermek Sagimbayev (page does not exist)">Ermek Sagimbayev</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> To restore order, Tokayev requested military assistance from the Russian-led <a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization</a> (CSTO), marking the first deployment of CSTO forces in a member state as part of a peacekeeping operation.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> Later, Massimov was arrested on charges of <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">high treason</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> The aftermath of the unrest resulted in significant mass detentions, civilian casualties and property damage,<a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a> prompting Tokayev in an address given to the Parliament on 11 January 2022 to initiate sweeping political and economic reforms, which included a focus on economic justice, political decentralization, anti-corruption measures, and enhanced security.<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> As part of this shift policy, several of Nazarbayev’s close relatives lost key positions. On 15 January, the sovereign wealth fund <a href="/wiki/Samruk-Kazyna" title="Samruk-Kazyna">Samruk-Kazyna</a> announced the resignations of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qairat_Sharipbaev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qairat Sharipbaev (page does not exist)">Qairat Sharipbaev</a> as CEO of <a href="/w/index.php?title=QazaqGaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="QazaqGaz (page does not exist)">QazaqGaz</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimash_Dosanov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimash Dosanov (page does not exist)">Dimash Dosanov</a> as head of <a href="/wiki/KazTransOil" title="KazTransOil">KazTransOil</a>, both sons-in-law of Nazarbayev.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a> On 17 January, <a href="/wiki/Timur_Kulibayev" title="Timur Kulibayev">Timur Kulibayev</a>, Nazarbayev’s son-in-law and one of Kazakhstan’s wealthiest individuals, resigned as chairman of the Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs. That same day, Tokayev dismissed Nazarbayev’s nephew, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samat_Abish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samat Abish (page does not exist)">Samat Abish</a>, from his role as deputy chairman of the NSC.<a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> This marked a move in Tokayev's consolidation of power and his shift toward greater political independence from Nazarbayev’s influence, setting the stage for a reshaped political hierarchy in Kazakhstan.<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_Smaiylov_government">First Smaiylov government</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: First Smaiylov government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/First_Smaiylov_Government" title="First Smaiylov Government">First Smaiylov Government</a></div>Amidst the 2022 unrest, Tokayev dismissed the government of <a href="/wiki/Asqar_Mamin" title="Asqar Mamin">Asqar Mamin</a> and appointed <a href="/wiki/%C3%84lihan_Smaiylov" title="Älihan Smaiylov">Älihan Smaiylov</a> as acting prime minister on 5 January 2022.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> Smaiylov, a <a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">technocrat</a> who had previously served as <a href="/wiki/First_Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="First Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">First Deputy Prime Minister</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Finance (Kazakhstan)">Minister of Finance</a> under Mamin, was confirmed as Prime Minister on 11 January 2022 following unanimous parliamentary approval by the <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4jilis" title="Mäjilis">Mäjilis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> Tokayev endorsed his nomination, citing Smaiylov’s economic expertise and governance experience as essential for ensuring stability and implementing reforms in the aftermath of the unrest.<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> Smaiylov's appointment during a period of post-turmoil marked a political transition, with his cabinet comprising a mix of established officials and new ministers, maintaining continuity while implementing Tokayev’s reform agenda. The reliance on existing bureaucratic structures largely suggested that systemic changes under Tokayev would be gradual.<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Amanat_chairmanship">Amanat chairmanship</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Amanat chairmanship">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/21st_Nur_Otan_Extraordinary_Congress" title="21st Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress">21st Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress</a></div> On 28 January 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/21st_Nur_Otan_Extraordinary_Congress" title="21st Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress">21st Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress</a>, Tokayev was unanimously elected as the chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Nur Otan</a> party, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>, who had held the position since 1999.<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a> In his speech, Tokayev outlined his priorities, including strengthening societal unity, addressing socio-economic issues, fighting corruption, and improving public reception. He also suggested that he might step down from the party by the end of 2022 to maintain presidential impartiality.<a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> During Tokayev’s tenure, several key changes occurred shortly after within the Nur Otan party ranks. <a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Nigmatulin" title="Nurlan Nigmatulin">Nurlan Nigmatullin</a>, a prominent Nur Otan deputy, resigned as <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_M%C3%A4jilis" title="Chairman of the Mäjilis">chairman of the Mäjilis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Erlan_Qo%C5%9Fanov" title="Erlan Qoşanov">Erlan Qoşanov</a>, Tokayev's former chief of staff, took over the position.<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Dariga_Nazarbayeva" title="Dariga Nazarbayeva">Dariga Nazarbayeva</a>, a key figure in the party and the daughter of Nursultan Nazarbayev, stepped down from her deputy seat.<a href="#cite_note-187">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[189]</a> At the 22nd Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress on 1 March 2022, Tokayev supported a proposal to rename the party to <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Amanat</a>. He emphasized decentralizing the party, improving voter engagement, and addressing real issues. During the congress, Nigmatullin was removed from the Amanat political council.<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a> On 26 April 2022, at the 23rd Amanat Extraordinary Congress, Tokayev resigned as party chairman and withdrew from Amanat membership to maintain presidential neutrality and separation of powers.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> The delegates unanimously approved Tokayev's proposal to have Erlan Qoşanov take over as party chairman.<a href="#cite_note-195">[194]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Constitutional_reforms">Constitutional reforms</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Constitutional reforms">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/New_Kazakhstan" title="New Kazakhstan">New Kazakhstan</a> and <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_constitutional_referendum" title="2022 Kazakh constitutional referendum">2022 Kazakh constitutional referendum</a></div> On 16 March 2022, Tokayev unveiled his concept of <a href="/wiki/New_Kazakhstan" title="New Kazakhstan">New Kazakhstan</a> and proposed package of constitutional reforms to reduce presidential powers and strengthen parliament, transitioning from a "superpresidential" system to a "presidential republic with a strong parliament".<a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a> The reforms amended 33 out of 99 articles—one-third of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kazakhstan" title="Constitution of Kazakhstan">Kazakh Constitution</a>—introducing measures such as barring the president from party membership, prohibiting relatives from holding top government positions, and limiting presidential control over appointing regional governors (akims) by requiring regional assemblies (maslihats) to approve akim nominees.<a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[198]</a> Other key changes included reducing presidentially appointed seats in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Kazakhstan" title="Senate of Kazakhstan">Senate</a>, introducing a <a href="/wiki/Mixed_electoral_system" title="Mixed electoral system">mixed electoral system</a>, restoring the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitutional Court of Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Constitutional Court</a>, and removing Nursultan Nazarbayev’s constitutional title of "Elbasy" (Leader of the Nation).<a href="#cite_note-200">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[200]</a> The reforms also led to the creation of three administrative-territorial units—<a href="/wiki/Ulytau_Region" title="Ulytau Region">Ulytau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jetisu_Region" title="Jetisu Region">Jetisu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abai_Region" title="Abai Region">Abai</a> <a href="/wiki/Abai_Region" title="Abai Region">Region</a>—by presidential decree on 4 May 2022.<a href="#cite_note-202">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[202]</a> A referendum on 5 June 2022 approved these amendments with a majority of voters.<a href="#cite_note-204">[203]</a> The constitutional amendments were later signed into law by Tokayev on 5 November 2022.<a href="#cite_note-205">[204]</a> On 15 February 2023, Tokayev signed a law repealing Elbasy status, formally ending Nazarbayev’s status as Leader of the Nation.<a href="#cite_note-206">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[206]</a> On 14 June 2022, Tokayev signed a decree establishing the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Kurultai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Kurultai (page does not exist)">National Kurultai</a>, a new civic institution designed to have broader and more relevant functions than its predecessor, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Council_of_Public_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Council of Public Trust (page does not exist)">National Council of Public Trust</a>.<a href="#cite_note-208">[207]</a> The first meeting of the National Kurultai took place on 16 June in Ulytau Region.<a href="#cite_note-209">[208]</a> In September 2022, Tokayev introduced nonrenewable seven-year presidential term and renamed the capital back to <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> from Nur-Sultan.<a href="#cite_note-210">[209]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2022_snap_presidential_election">2022 snap presidential election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: 2022 snap presidential election">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2022 Kazakh presidential election">2022 Kazakh presidential election</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_2022_presidential_campaign" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2022 presidential campaign">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 2022 presidential campaign</a></div> On 1 September 2022, during his State of the Nation Address, Tokayev announced <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_presidential_election" title="2022 Kazakh presidential election">snap presidential election</a>s, citing the need for a new mandate of trust from the people and officially declared his bid for re-election.<a href="#cite_note-:323-211">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-:322-212">[211]</a> He later signed a decree on 21 September, officially scheduling the election for 20 November.<a href="#cite_note-213">[212]</a> Tokayev promised that the election would be a major reset of Kazakhstan’s political system and assured it would be fair and transparent, with both domestic and international observers taking part.<a href="#cite_note-214">[213]</a> In his bid for presidency an <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a>, Tokayev expressed his interest in being nominated by "a broad coalition of socio-political forces".<a href="#cite_note-215">[214]</a> On 6 October 2022, a <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Coalition_(Kazakhstan)" title="People's Coalition (Kazakhstan)">People's Coalition</a> (HK) consisting of the parliamentary parties of <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Amanat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aq_Jol" title="Aq Jol">Aq Jol</a>, and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Kazakhstan" title="People's Party of Kazakhstan">People's</a>, as well as several public associations was formed in support of Tokayev's candidacy.<a href="#cite_note-216">[215]</a> During the forum, the HK nominated Tokayev as their presidential candidate, stating that the election would shape Kazakhstan's future.<a href="#cite_note-217">[216]</a> Tokayev's campaign programme, Fair State – Fair Economy – Fair Society (<a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: Әділетті мемлекет – Әділетті экономика – Әділетті қоғам), focused on political reforms, economic development, and social investments to build a Fair Kazakhstan.<a href="#cite_note-218">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[219]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[220]</a> On 20 November 2022, Tokayev was re-elected as president in an <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">electoral landslide</a>, winning 81.3% of the vote in the first round, with little serious opposition.<a href="#cite_note-222">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[222]</a> The presidential election featured an "<a href="/wiki/None_of_the_above" title="None of the above">against all</a>" option, which received 6% of the vote share,<a href="#cite_note-:422-224">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[224]</a> and most of Tokayev's challengers were viewed as "<a href="/wiki/Dummy_candidate" title="Dummy candidate">pocket candidates</a>" with low recognition and limited support.<a href="#cite_note-226">[225]</a> While the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> praised the election's preparation, it criticized the lack of real competition and called for legal reforms to ensure greater political pluralism.<a href="#cite_note-227">[226]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidency_since_2022">Presidency since 2022</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Presidency since 2022">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2023_snap_legislative_election">2023 snap legislative election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: 2023 snap legislative election">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2023_Kazakh_legislative_election" title="2023 Kazakh legislative election">2023 Kazakh legislative election</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_Smaiylov_government">Second Smaiylov government</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Second Smaiylov government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Second_Smaiylov_Government" title="Second Smaiylov Government">Second Smaiylov Government</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bektenov_government">Bektenov government</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Bektenov government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Bektenov_Government" title="Bektenov Government">Bektenov Government</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_policy_2">Domestic policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Domestic policy">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev's domestic policy, emphasized economic modernization, anti-corruption measures, and strengthening governance, with a focus on national security and decentralization.<a href="#cite_note-228">[227]</a> He highlights reducing inequality, promoting political accountability, fair wealth distribution, and creating job opportunities for youth, alongside reforms in education and technological innovation with an aim to foster a more inclusive society, national unity, and social stability.<a href="#cite_note-229">[228]</a> In June 2024, Tokayev announced that a <a href="/wiki/2024_Kazakh_nuclear_power_referendum" title="2024 Kazakh nuclear power referendum">referendum</a> on whether or not a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_plant" title="Nuclear power plant">nuclear power plant</a> should be built in Kazakhstan would be held in the autumn of 2024.<a href="#cite_note-230">[229]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy_2">Foreign policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Foreign policy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="List of international presidential trips made by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">List of international presidential trips made by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png/220px-Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png/330px-Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png/440px-Map_of_the_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.png 2x" data-file-width="6121" data-file-height="2817" /></a><figcaption>Map of the international presidential trips made by Tokayev</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg/250px-Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg/330px-Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg/500px-Official_welcome_ceremony_was_held_for_President_of_Kazakhstan_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1938" data-file-height="1292" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev with Azerbaijani President <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a> on 24 August 2022</figcaption></figure> Tokayev has pledged to continue the foreign policy initiated by <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a>, maintaining Kazakhstan's multi-vector approach.<a href="#cite_note-231">[230]</a> This strategy balances relations with global powers, including allied relations with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, an eternal strategic partnership with <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, and a strategic partnership with the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, while prioritizing regional cooperation and expanding ties with Europe, the Middle East, and Asia.<a href="#cite_note-232">[231]</a> Tokayev emphasizes Kazakhstan's neutrality, sovereignty, and commitment to international law, actively participating in organizations like the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-233">[232]</a> Since 2022, he has reinforced Kazakhstan’s independent foreign policy, focusing on economic diplomacy, security, and regional stability amidst <a href="/wiki/Second_Cold_War" title="Second Cold War">global tensions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-234">[233]</a> During the October 2022 Council of Heads of State of the CIS summit in <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a>, Tokayev proposed the creation of an <a href="/wiki/International_Organisation_for_the_Russian_Language" title="International Organisation for the Russian Language">International Organisation for the Russian Language</a> (IORL) to strengthen cultural and humanitarian ties among <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">CIS</a> countries, using the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a> to foster regional cooperation and intercultural dialogue.<a href="#cite_note-235">[234]</a> On 12 October 2023, Tokayev approved a draft treaty for the creation of the IORL,<a href="#cite_note-236">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[236]</a> which was later ratified by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament</a> on 20 November 2024.<a href="#cite_note-238">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[239]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[240]</a> In September 2023, Tokayev emphasized the need for a new global movement for peace, highlighting Kazakhstan’s role in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Astana Process for Syria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Leaders_of_World_and_Traditional_Religions" title="Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions">Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions</a> as key platforms for fostering inter-civilizational dialogue. Writing in <a href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</a>, he stressed the role of religious leaders in promoting global stability, healing conflicts, and countering extremism. Tokayev called for diplomacy to address global crises and warned against the risks of a new arms race, nuclear threats, and escalating geopolitical rivalries reminiscent of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-242">[241]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russia_2">Russia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Russia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Russia relations">Kazakhstan–Russia relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_(19-08-2022).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_%2819-08-2022%29.jpg/250px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_%2819-08-2022%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_%2819-08-2022%29.jpg/330px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_%2819-08-2022%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_%2819-08-2022%29.jpg/500px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2_03_%2819-08-2022%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1868" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev and Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> on 19 August 2022</figcaption></figure>After <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine">Russia invaded its neighboring Ukraine</a>, Tokayev and Kazakh foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Mukhtar_Tleuberdi" title="Mukhtar Tleuberdi">Mukhtar Tleuberdi</a> refused to recognize the Russian puppet states of <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk People's Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk People's Republic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-doesnt-243">[242]</a> He said that "we recognize neither <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, nor <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, nor <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a>. In all likelihood, this principle will be applied to quasi-state entities, which, in our opinion, are Luhansk and Donetsk."<a href="#cite_note-244">[243]</a> He refused to accept the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Alexander_Nevsky" title="Order of Alexander Nevsky">Order of Alexander Nevsky</a> from Putin.<a href="#cite_note-245">[244]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83,_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8,_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83%2C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%2C_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg/250px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83%2C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%2C_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83%2C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%2C_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg/330px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83%2C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%2C_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83%2C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%2C_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg/500px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0.%D1%80%D1%83%2C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_2023_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%2C_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev and other <a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">post-Soviet</a> leaders with Vladimir Putin at the <a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></figcaption></figure> Tokayev also emphasized that Kazakhstan would comply with Western sanctions imposed on Russia after its invasion of Ukraine, and that the country "will abide by the restrictions imposed on Russia and <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>."<a href="#cite_note-246">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-247">[246]</a> In September 2022, Kazakhstan closed a loophole through which Russian and Belarusian trucks were able to import goods from the European Union into the country without the necessary paperwork.<a href="#cite_note-248">[247]</a> Following Tokayev’s electoral victory in November 2022, international observers expect him to maintain Kazakhstan's pivot towards the EU and China, and away from Russia.<a href="#cite_note-249">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[249]</a> In September 2022, Tokayev said that Kazakhstan would help Russians fleeing the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">mobilization</a> and war in Ukraine, saying that "most of them are forced to leave because of the current hopeless situation."<a href="#cite_note-251">[250]</a> However, in December 2022, Kazakhstan deported back to Russia a Russian citizen who fled mobilization.<a href="#cite_note-252">[251]</a> In January 2023, Kazakhstan announced they were tightening visa rules, a move that is expected to make it more difficult for Russians to remain in the country.<a href="#cite_note-253">[252]</a> On 9 May 2023, he attended the <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day</a> parade in Moscow and met with Russian President Vladimir Putin.<a href="#cite_note-254">[253]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="China_2">China</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: China">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="China–Kazakhstan relations">China–Kazakhstan relations</a></div>Tokayev embraces ties with China, which as of 2024 is Kazakhstan's most important trading partner and foreign investor.<a href="#cite_note-:Sun2-255">[254]</a>: 158  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States_2">United States</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kazakhstan–United States relations">Kazakhstan–United States relations</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_(52717462009).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717462009%29.jpg/250px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717462009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717462009%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717462009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717462009%29.jpg/500px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_with_Kazah_President_Tokayev_in_Astana_%2852717462009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Tokayev with U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a>, 28 February 2023</figcaption></figure>Tokayev has sought to strengthen Kazakhstan's ties with the United States, emphasizing a "friendly and predictable" relationship.<a href="#cite_note-256">[255]</a> Tokayev highlighted the importance of expanding economic and business relations with the US, particularly in energy, agriculture, and IT sectors, during his September 2022 visit to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-257">[256]</a> In February 2023, Tokayev met with US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a>, where he thanked the United States for its support of Kazakhstan's territorial integrity following the <a href="/wiki/2022_Kazakh_unrest" title="2022 Kazakh unrest">2022 unrest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-258">[257]</a><a href="#cite_note-259">[258]</a> Later in August 2023, he met with US Senator <a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Gary Peters</a>, reaffirming Kazakhstan's commitment to the US as a strategic partner, particularly in areas like nuclear non-proliferation and global security.<a href="#cite_note-260">[259]</a> The most notable diplomatic moment came on 19 September 2023, during the first-ever US presidential hosted <a href="/wiki/C5%2B1" title="C5+1">C5+1</a> summit, where Tokayev met President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>. He emphasized the importance of the US’s security guarantees for Central Asia and Kazakhstan's nuclear-free stance, underscoring the region’s role in global efforts to prevent nuclear weapons proliferation.<a href="#cite_note-261">[260]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Political positions">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev is described as a "moderate conservative" with years of political experience domestically and internationally.<a href="#cite_note-262">[261]</a> Nevertheless, in an interview with <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>, Tokayev referred himself as a "reformer", stressing that without political reforms, there wouldn't be progress in economic reforms.<a href="#cite_note-263">[262]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/The_Diplomat_(magazine)" title="The Diplomat (magazine)">The Diplomat</a>, Tokayev's political capital was seen to not extend beyond the support by Nazarbayev, which enabled him to garner support and trust from business elites, civil servants, and political institutions.<a href="#cite_note-264">[263]</a> Because of that, Tokayev has been described as "Nazarbayev's political birthchild",<a href="#cite_note-265">[264]</a> while his opponents and critics referred him as "furniture" (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: мебель, mebel), a ridicule term first coined by exiled Kazakh businessman <a href="/wiki/Mukhtar_Ablyazov" title="Mukhtar Ablyazov">Mukhtar Ablyazov</a> in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-266">[265]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[266]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Authoritarianism">Authoritarianism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Authoritarianism">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev expressed his point of view on the political system of Kazakhstan in which he favoured a "strong President, authoritative Parliament, accountable Government."<a href="#cite_note-268">[267]</a> In 2005, at the business conference of the Asian Society held in <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a>, Tokayev clashed with <a href="/wiki/George_Soros" title="George Soros">George Soros</a> after his remarks about Kazakhstan sliding towards <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarianism</a>, calling it "unreasonable to demand from a country that recently celebrated its 13th anniversary to achieve the democratic values inherent in states with centuries-old traditions of building a free society."<a href="#cite_note-:0-19">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate_change">Climate change</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Climate change">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate change in Kazakhstan">Climate change in Kazakhstan</a></div> Tokayev expressed support for the tackling of <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>, calling it "urgent and existential."<a href="#cite_note-:2-269">[268]</a> At the Climate Ambitions Summit in which was held remotely on 12 December 2020, Tokayev pledged for Kazakhstan to reach carbon neutrality by 2060 with a development and adoption of a long-term development strategy to lower emissions and de-carbonisation of the economy. He said that Kazakhstan is "highly <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_vulnerability" title="Climate change vulnerability">vulnerable to climate change</a> as a landlocked and developing state" with a heavy reliance on fossil fuels and proposed for the planting for two billion trees within the country in order increase carbon absorption and curb looming desertification problems.<a href="#cite_note-:2-269">[268]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corruption">Corruption</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Corruption">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Corruption in Kazakhstan">Corruption in Kazakhstan</a></div> Tokayev described his vision regarding corruption, calling it a "direct damage to national security" and advocated for the need of accountability for implementation of state programs and the use of budget funds by <a href="/wiki/Akim" title="Akim">äkıms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:8-270">[269]</a> On 28 November 2019, he signed the "On Amendments and Additions to Certain Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Civil Service and Anti-Corruption Issues" law into place, which obliged government ministers and äkıms to resign if the top officials within institutions are found guilty of corruption.<a href="#cite_note-271">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-272">[271]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Islam">edit</a>]</div> In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Orlando_nightclub_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlando nightclub shooting">2016 Orlando nightclub shooting</a> event, Tokayev proclaimed the incident as a "signature dish", calling it "another manifestation of <a href="/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism" title="Islamic fundamentalism">Islamic radicalism</a>."<a href="#cite_note-273">[272]</a> At the Forum of Muslim Scientists of Eurasia which was held in <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> in March 2018, Tokayev addressed the audience the need for the country to have "enlightened Islam" by strengthening science and cultural traditions in the Islamic civilization.<a href="#cite_note-274">[273]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_EU">Relations with EU</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Relations with EU">edit</a>]</div> As a foreign minister, Tokayev visited <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany on 3–4 October 2006, where he addressed the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>'s Foreign Affairs Committee on 3 October in an attempt to gain support amongst members of the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe">Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe</a> for Kazakhstan's bid to lead the organisation in 2009. In his address he discussed the "fierce" competition between the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, China, and India to secure energy sources, saying that Kazakhstan is "one of the very few countries capable of boosting its <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> production and thus becoming an important alternative energy supplier to global and European markets." He expressed interest in the <a href="/wiki/Burgas-Alexandroupoli_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Burgas-Alexandroupoli pipeline">Burgas-Alexandroupoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Odesa%E2%80%93Brody_pipeline" title="Odesa–Brody pipeline">Odesa-Brody-Gdansk pipeline</a> projects, asking the EU for $80 billion in investment from 2006 to 2021. Tokayev criticised <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> for opposing a Russian offer for its <a href="/wiki/Ma%C5%BEeiki%C5%B3_Nafta" class="mw-redirect" title="Mažeikių Nafta">Mažeikių oil refinery</a>. He also reaffirmed Kazakhstan's desire to join the <a href="/wiki/European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">European Neighbourhood Policy</a>. Tokayev also rejected the proposed construction of the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Caspian_Gas_Pipeline" title="Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline">Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline</a> to <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, in which the EU officials desired due to the likelihood of opposition from other nations bordering the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:7-275">[274]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gernot_Erler" title="Gernot Erler">Gernot Erler</a>, an official in the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Foreign_Office" title="Federal Foreign Office">German Federal Foreign Office</a>, announced his support for Kazakhstan leading the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> (OSCE) for 2009. Portuguese Socialist MP <a href="/wiki/Ana_Gomes" title="Ana Gomes">Ana Gomes</a> said to Tokayev, "Minister, you're bidding for the presidency of the OSCE. Yet, the OSCE gave a report on your last elections, on the observation of the elections, which said they failed to meet international standards for genuine elections in many important points. And we hear about political dissent being crushed, we hear even about religious groups being crushed." Tokayev replied that political opposition forces in Kazakhstan "cannot challenge the government" because of their own weaknesses, and that Kazakhstanis need to be "educated" about <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</a> because the concept is foreign, and the government considers <a href="/wiki/Religious_tolerance" title="Religious tolerance">religious tolerance</a> a priority. He criticized the OSCE's election report for "technical irregularities" and biased targeting while calling for more of a "mutual understanding." He further stated that his government believes it would "contribute a lot as a representative, as a country which is located in <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>. The geographical dimension of the OSCE has changed [since Kazakhstan joined], this is a unique Eurasian, as well as <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Pan-American</a> organization. So, the leadership, the presidency of this organization also must reflect this unique character, [this] unique dimension of the organization."<a href="#cite_note-:7-275">[274]</a> He cited efforts to reform Kazakhstan's election process that included a "special program" to modernize the system and establishing "<a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">party</a> dominance" in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament</a> so that "parties [that] win the parliamentary elections, obtain [a] majority in the parliament" and "will be able to establish their own governments." He called creating a <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party system</a> in Kazakhstan a "huge step forward in the process of <a href="/wiki/Democratization" title="Democratization">democratization</a>."<a href="#cite_note-:7-275">[274]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_United_States">Relations with United States</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Relations with United States">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg/220px-Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg/330px-Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg/440px-Condoleezza_Rice_and_Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> with Tokayev, 25 September 2006</figcaption></figure>Tokayev met with United States Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barry_Lowenkron" title="Barry Lowenkron">Barry Lowenkron</a>, the U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights, on 25 September 2006 in Rice's suite at the <a href="/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Waldorf-Astoria">Waldorf-Astoria</a> hotel. According to Anne Gearan, a diplomatic writer for the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, the U.S. wanted to improve its relations with Kazakhstan. Kazakh oil output was expected to significantly increase, along with other <a href="/wiki/Central_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Asian">Central Asian</a> countries whom were "more authoritarian, too unstable, too poor, or a combination of all three." Prior to her meeting with Tokayev, when Rice was asked whether <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> or <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a> "would top the agenda" for the meeting with Tokayev, she refused to answer. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="United States State Department">United States State Department</a> released a statement saying the diplomats discussed Kazakhstan's cooperation in <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">Afghanistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Iraq">Iraq</a> and expressed hope for "a multidimensional relationship with Kazakhstan, which includes U.S. encouragement for continuing reforms."<a href="#cite_note-276">[275]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle-Eastern_Affairs">Middle-Eastern Affairs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Middle-Eastern Affairs">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jordan">Jordan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Jordan">edit</a>]</div> On February 19, 2025, His Majesty King Abdullah II of Jordan met with President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev of Kazakhstan in Astana. During their discussions, both leaders agreed to expand mutual investments and enhance trade relations between their countries. President Tokayev congratulated King Abdullah II on the 25th anniversary of his reign, commending his efforts in promoting sustainable growth and elevating Jordan's international standing. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp/220px-President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp/330px-President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp/440px-President_Tokayev_with_HM_King_Abdullah_II.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption>His Majesty King Abdullah II of Jordan meeting with President Tokayev of Kazakhstan</figcaption></figure> This meeting followed President Tokayev's official visit to Jordan from February 18 to 19, 2025, at the invitation of King Abdullah II. The visit aimed to strengthen cooperation in trade, economic, and cultural-humanitarian sectors. The meeting commenced with President Tokayev extending his congratulations to Abdullah II of Jordan on the occasion of the 25th year of the latter’s reign, wishing him continued success in creative initiatives aimed at ensuring sustainable growth and prosperity of the people of Jordan and increasing the authority of the country on the global scene. The Kazakh President expressed gratitude to the Jordanian leader for his contribution to enhancing friendship and cooperation ties between the two nations.<a href="#cite_note-277">[276]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_language">Russian language</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Russian language">edit</a>]</div> As president, Tokayev encouraged the Kazakhstani public to learn Kazakh, calling it a "duty of every citizen of Kazakhstan".<a href="#cite_note-278">[277]</a> At the same time, he believed that strengthening the role of the Kazakh language shouldn't infringe on the Russian language, warning that improper handling of the issue would lead to "irreparable consequences" in which he compared to Ukraine that faced interethnic conflicts.<a href="#cite_note-279">[278]</a> During the 2021 State of the Nation Address, Tokayev noted that Russian is an official language within Kazakhstan, adding that its use can't be hindered in accordance with the law. He promised to punish any person practising discrimination on the basis of "linguistic and national grounds", a move that was viewed to have occurred as a result of a backlash by Russian officials after a viral incident on <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> showing Kostanay native Quat Ahmetov visiting places and forcing employees to speak Kazakh, which led to a series of criminal cases by security agencies and Ahmetov fleeing the country.<a href="#cite_note-280">[279]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[280]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT+_rights">LGBT+ rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: LGBT+ rights">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev has expressed a conservative stance on <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a>. In February 2024, he signed a law preventing LGBT+ individuals from adopting or mentoring orphans.<a href="#cite_note-282">[281]</a> In 2025, Tokayev criticized the promotion of LGBT+ rights by international organizations, accusing them of interfering in sovereign nations' affairs under the guise of advancing democratic values, while masking financial corruption.<a href="#cite_note-:14-283">[282]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nationalism">Nationalism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Nationalism">edit</a>]</div> Tokayev has had a nuanced stance on <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a>. Initially, he expressed concern about nationalism becoming a dominant global force, particularly after the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 United States presidential election</a> and the rise of leaders like <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>.<a href="#cite_note-284">[283]</a> He criticized nationalism for exacerbating tensions between nations, particularly during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, and warned it could undermine global cooperation and provoke conflict and economic losses, especially for countries like Kazakhstan.<a href="#cite_note-285">[284]</a> However, more recently, Tokayev has acknowledged the growing relevance of <a href="/wiki/Statism" title="Statism">state nationalism</a>, seeing it as a moral response to the diminishing influence of <a href="/wiki/Globalism" title="Globalism">globalism</a> and a key driver in the struggle for global spheres of influence by the <a href="/wiki/Deep_state" title="Deep state">deep state</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:14-283">[282]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors">Honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Honors">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kazakh">Kazakh</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Kazakh">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Eagle" title="Order of the Golden Eagle">Order of the Golden Eagle</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Otan" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Otan">Order of Otan</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Nazarbayev" title="Order of Nazarbayev">Order of Nazarbayev</a> (2004)<a href="#cite_note-286">[285]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Parasat" title="Order of Parasat">Order of Parasat</a> (1996)<a href="#cite_note-287">[286]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astana_Medal" title="Astana Medal">Astana Medal</a></li> <li>Medal "25 years of independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan"</li> <li>Medal "10 years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan"</li> <li>Medal "10 years to the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_%2210_years_of_Astana%22" title="Medal "10 years of Astana"">Medal "10 years of Astana"</a> (2018)<a href="#cite_note-288">[287]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign">Foreign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Foreign">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Honour_(Russia)" title="Order of Honour (Russia)">Order of Honour</a> (Russia, 2017)<a href="#cite_note-289">[288]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friendship" title="Order of Friendship">Order of Friendship</a> (Russia, 2004)<a href="#cite_note-290">[289]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Prince_Yaroslav_the_Wise" title="Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise">Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise</a>, III Degree (Ukraine, 2008)<a href="#cite_note-291">[290]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_Order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealth Order (page does not exist)">Commonwealth Order</a> (<a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a>, 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Serbian_Flag" title="Order of the Serbian Flag">Order of the Serbian Flag</a>, 1st Class (2016)<a href="#cite_note-292">[291]</a></li> <li>Jubilee Medal "20 Years of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation Council">Federation Council</a>"<a href="#cite_note-293">[292]</a></li> <li>Tree of Friendship Medal (CIS, 2003)<a href="#cite_note-294">[293]</a></li> <li>CIS Diploma<a href="#cite_note-295">[294]</a></li> <li>Bitaraplyk Order (Turkmenistan, 2021) <a href="#cite_note-296">[295]</a></li> <li>Jubilee Medal "300 Years Magtymguly Pyragy" (Turkmenistan, 2024) <a href="#cite_note-297">[296]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Full member of the World Academy of Humanities and Natural Sciences, member of the "Council of Wise Men" of the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Security_Conference" title="Munich Security Conference">Munich Security Conference</a>.</li> <li>Honorary Professor of <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_University" title="Shenzhen University">Shenzhen University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-298">[297]</a></li> <li>Honorary Professor and Honorary Doctor of the <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Academy_of_the_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation">Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation</a>, as well as a member of its board of trustees.</li> <li>Honorary President of the Kazakhstan Council on International Relations.</li> <li>Diploma of the "Academicus" of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">University of Geneva</a>.</li> <li>S. N. Roerich Memorial Medal.<a href="#cite_note-299">[298]</a></li> <li>According to the Russian Biographical Society, he entered the list of laureates of the "Person of the Year — 2018".</li> <li>Ranked among <a href="/wiki/The_500_Most_Influential_Muslims" title="The 500 Most Influential Muslims">The 500 Most Influential Muslims</a> in the annual edition of The Muslim 500.<a href="#cite_note-300">[299]</a><a href="#cite_note-301">[300]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> Now divorced, Tokayev was married to <a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Tokayeva" title="Nadezhda Tokayeva">Nadezhda Tokayeva</a>, with whom he had one son.<a href="#cite_note-akorda-302">[301]</a> His son Timur (born in 1984) is an oil entrepreneur who currently resides in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland.<a href="#cite_note-303">[302]</a><a href="#cite_note-304">[303]</a> His brother-in-law Temirtai Izbastin (married to Tokayev's sister Karlygash Izbastina) is currently Kazakhstan's Ambassador to <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-305">[304]</a> Tokayev is a <a href="/wiki/Multilingualism" title="Multilingualism">polyglot</a>, fluent in Kazakh, Russian, English, Chinese and French.<a href="#cite_note-306">[305]</a> He was President of the <a href="/wiki/Table_tennis" title="Table tennis">Table Tennis</a> Federation of Kazakhstan for 13 years.<a href="#cite_note-akorda-302">[301]</a> He has made it a point not to mark his birthday with celebrations, with his press secretary saying in 2020 that he "does not like to celebrate this day because his family has never celebrated the birthdays of either the children or parents".<a href="#cite_note-307">[306]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kazakhstan" title="Government of Kazakhstan">Government of Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Parliament of Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Kazakhstan" title="Politics of Kazakhstan">Politics of Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokayev_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokayev Cabinet">Tokayev Cabinet</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: Қасым-Жомарт Кемелұлы Тоқаев, Qasym-Jomart Kemelūly Toqaev, <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Kazakh" title="Help:IPA/Kazakh">[qɑˈsəm ʒoˈmɑrt kʲeˌmʲeɫʊˈɫɤ toˈqɑjɪf]</a>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: Касым-Жомарт Кемелевич Токаев, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: Kasym-Zhomart Kemelevich Tokayev </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.com/world/1049489">"Tokayev sworn in as Kazakhstan's interim president"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a>. 20 March 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190320084622/http://tass.com/world/1049489">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2019. 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Retrieved 29 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tengrinews.kz&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0.+%D0%90%D1%83%D0%BB+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&rft.date=2019-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftengrinews.kz%2Farticle%2Fulitsa-tokaeva-aul-detstva-novogo-prezidenta-1097%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.mgimo.ru/news/tokaev">"MGIMO Graduate Kassym-Jomart Tokayev Becomes Acting President of Kazakhstan!"</a>. MGIMO University. 20 March 2019. 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Tokayev"</a>. National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 17 January 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlrk.kz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5104:rganized-the-book-exhibition-kasym-zhomart-tokayev-the-politician-scientist-diplomat-acknowledged-by-the-world-dedicated-to-the-70-th-birthday-of-the-president-of-the-republic-of-kazakhstan-k-zh-tokayev&catid=125&lang=en&Itemid=127">the original</a> on 13 October 2024. 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РИА Новости (in Russian). 20 November 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220122220205/https://ria.ru/20011120/18755.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 January 2022. 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Retrieved 21 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Astana+Times&rft.atitle=Incumbent+President+Tokayev+campaigns+on+platform+of+continuity%2C+justice+and+progress&rft.date=2019-05-24&rft.aulast=Shayakhmetova&rft.aufirst=Zhanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastanatimes.com%2F2019%2F05%2Fincumbent-president-Tokayev-campaigns-on-platform-of-continuity-justice-and-progress%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/fr/article/neazv7/le-president-du-kazakhstan-devrait-sans-doute-se-calmer-sur-le-photoshop">"Le président du Kazakhstan devrait sans doute se calmer sur le Photoshop"</a>. 4 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190512203829/https://www.vice.com/fr/article/neazv7/le-president-du-kazakhstan-devrait-sans-doute-se-calmer-sur-le-photoshop">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2019. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astanatimes.com/2019/06/Tokayev-wins-kazakhstans-presidency-with-70-76-percent-of-vote-official-preliminary-results-say/">the original</a> on 10 June 2019. 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Retrieved 16 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SBS+News&rft.atitle=Kassym-Jomart+Tokayev+wins+Kazakhstan+presidential+vote&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbs.com.au%2Fnews%2Fkassym-jomart-Tokayev-wins-kazakhstan-presidential-vote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/business/energy/hundreds-detained-as-kazakhs-protest-rigged-election-idUSL8N23I0JC/">"Hundreds detained as Kazakhs protest "rigged" election"</a>. Reuters. 11 June 2019. 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Retrieved 4 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=informburo.kz&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%B2+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&rft.date=2019-06-12&rft.aulast=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finformburo.kz%2Fnovosti%2Ftokaev-nazval-desyat-glavnyh-napravleniy-svoey-raboty-v-dolzhnosti-prezidenta-91228.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFТОГУЗБАЕВ2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">ТОГУЗБАЕВ, Казис (19 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rus.azattyq.org/a/kazakhstan-toqayevs-decisions-regarding-the-government-and-their-perceptions/30006865.html">""Хаотичные назначения", "разумная преемственность". Кадровые решения Токаева глазами наблюдателей"</a>. Радио Азаттык (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210904003118/https://rus.azattyq.org/a/kazakhstan-toqayevs-decisions-regarding-the-government-and-their-perceptions/30006865.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE+%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA&rft.atitle=%22%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%22%2C+%22%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%22.+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9&rft.date=2019-06-19&rft.aulast=%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%97%D0%91%D0%90%D0%95%D0%92&rft.aufirst=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frus.azattyq.org%2Fa%2Fkazakhstan-toqayevs-decisions-regarding-the-government-and-their-perceptions%2F30006865.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rus.azattyq.org/a/30477222.html">"Токаев после совещания с правительством заявил об "ухудшении экономической ситуации""</a>. 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Речь Токаева на вступлении в должность президента Казахстана"</a>. www.forbes.kz (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210604215841/https://forbes.kz//process/nachalas_inauguratsiya_prezidenta_kazahstana/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2021. 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The Astana Times. 25 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210604215609/https://astanatimes.com/2019/06/newly-elected-kazakh-president-to-focus-on-economic-prosperity-multi-vector-foreign-policy-and-fight-against-corruption/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2021. 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Retrieved 4 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tengrinews.kz&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&rft.date=2019-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftengrinews.kz%2Fkazakhstan_news%2Fministerstvo-ekologii-geologii-prirodnyih-resursov-sozdali-371527%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoteu2019" class="citation web cs1">Boteu, Saltanat (20 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astanatimes.com/2019/06/kazakh-president-creates-new-trade-and-ecology-ministries-appoints-new-ministers/">"Kazakh President creates new trade and ecology ministries, appoints new ministers"</a>. 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The Astana Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214159/https://astanatimes.com/2020/07/president-Tokayev-signs-new-public-health-code-to-provide-extra-legal-protection-for-kazakh-medical-workers/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2021. 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Retrieved 2 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.egemen.kz&rft.atitle=Kassym-Jomart+Tokayev+presented+a+number+of+infrastructure+projects+in+Almaty&rft.date=2020-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.egemen.kz%2Farticle%2F234506-kassym-jomart-Tokayev-presented-a-number-of-infrastructure-projects-in-almaty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=33374726">"Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 14 сентября 2020 года № 413 "О мерах по реализации Послания Главы государства народу Казахстана от 1 сентября 2020 года "Казахстан в новой реальности: время действий""</a>. online.zakon.kz (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214158/https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=33374726">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2021. 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EUreporter. 8 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200630015140/https://www.eureporter.co/frontpage/2020/06/08/authorities-of-kazakhstan-carry-out-political-reforms/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=d3569d8f33f874d23bbe567ae675971830337cf7-1593463999-0-AcsAPsyc4WTNzJ3_iFXhU8UUuLV1K8Ro-_nrSZUNgImKJxZnUib4ttj5oqCxU86Vj_JsO38LlT6nabEZGKfx-97jpoViWYGu10mDPATDy129XY7A3qUkekBbCS058RntqdYXgBGJgAphV8yNYHONowv9xLYHYd-8poAakukJHsuy37SPH0faolfQbGGX-XVKklaxwp0YXSlw_SE9Lm09j1ZfJuoYnwTmYVBxQjTQlWkG2yGlwCIGCQ0gf3qviG3SEPbv43TpbCn-E9sOwPc0joti0s5a50zOmHJmfpK2tYqUe68YUKbbHT6HLs85zwfIv5ZjyCjm973F88eax87kjtqleZjivfJfK4evV29iX0Pk6px1_xJ5mns1hf0l-EJItw">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2020. 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The Economic Times. 7 September 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424071159/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/kazakhstan-to-strive-for-multi-party-system-president-kassym-jomart-Tokayev/articleshow/77983108.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Kazakhstan+to+strive+for+multi-party+system%3A+President+Kassym-Jomart+Tokayev&rft.date=2020-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Finternational%2Fworld-news%2Fkazakhstan-to-strive-for-multi-party-system-president-kassym-jomart-Tokayev%2Farticleshow%2F77983108.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/world-int/18013-new-reforms-are-taking-place-in-kazakhstan-under-the-leadership-of-president-kassym-jomart-Tokayev.html">"New reforms are taking place in Kazakhstan under the leadership of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev"</a>. www.helsinkitimes.fi. 27 August 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922022832/https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/world-int/18013-new-reforms-are-taking-place-in-kazakhstan-under-the-leadership-of-president-kassym-jomart-Tokayev.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2020. 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Retrieved 10 March 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Kazakhstan+leader+Tokayev+in+Moscow+for+1st+foreign+visit&rft.date=2019-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2F2f990cde6e9b4402908ff74ca6915cfe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inform.kz/en/article/3591394">"Kassym-Jomart Tokayev gives interview to Deutsche Welle"</a>. www.inform.kz. 4 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220317113926/https://www.inform.kz/en/kassym-jomart-Tokayev-gives-interview-to-deutsche-welle_a3591394">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.inform.kz&rft.atitle=Kassym-Jomart+Tokayev+gives+interview+to+Deutsche+Welle&rft.date=2019-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inform.kz%2Fen%2Farticle%2F3591394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/politics/10780781-ukraine-warns-kazakhstan-of-demarche-over-president-Tokayev-s-denial-of-crimea-annexation-by-russia-mfa.html">"Ukraine warns Kazakhstan of demarche over president Tokayev's denial of Crimea annexation by Russia – MFA"</a>. www.unian.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221120154/https://www.unian.info/politics/10780781-ukraine-warns-kazakhstan-of-demarche-over-president-Tokayev-s-denial-of-crimea-annexation-by-russia-mfa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2019. 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Retrieved 14 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Astana+Times&rft.atitle=President+Tokayev+Proposes+Transforming+CICA+into+Full-Fledged+International+Organization&rft.date=2021-10-13&rft.aulast=Satubaldina&rft.aufirst=Assel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastanatimes.com%2F2021%2F10%2Fpresident-Tokayev-proposes-transforming-cica-into-full-fledged-international-organization%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eco.int/news/88704-Participation-of-ECO-Secretary-General-at-the-6th-meeting-of-CICA-Ministers-of-Foreign-Affairs.html?t=News">"Participation of ECO Secretary General at the 6th meeting of CICA Ministers of Foreign Affairs"</a>. www.eco.int. 12 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211028171039/https://www.eco.int/news/88704-Participation-of-ECO-Secretary-General-at-the-6th-meeting-of-CICA-Ministers-of-Foreign-Affairs.html%3Ft%3DNews">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2021. 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Retrieved 20 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&rft.date=2022-01-07&rft.aulast=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiz.ru%2F1274103%2F2022-01-07%2Ftokaev-poobeshchal-predlozhit-plan-reform-na-fone-besporiadkov-v-kazakhstane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFКадакова2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Кадакова, Екатерина (5 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.ua/ru/news/74928-prezident-kazahstana-otpravil-pravitelstvo-v-otstavku-i-vvel-gosudarstvennoe-regulirovanie-cen-na-szhizhennyy-gaz-dizel-i-benzin">"Президент Казахстана отправил правительство в отставку и ввел государственное регулирование цен на сжиженный газ, дизель и бензин"</a>. babel.ua (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220120214836/https://babel.ua/ru/news/74928-prezident-kazahstana-otpravil-pravitelstvo-v-otstavku-i-vvel-gosudarstvennoe-regulirovanie-cen-na-szhizhennyy-gaz-dizel-i-benzin">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2022. 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China under Xi Jinping: A New Assessment. <a href="/wiki/Leiden_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Leiden University Press">Leiden University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789087284411" title="Special:BookSources/9789087284411"><bdi>9789087284411</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.15136086">jj.15136086</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Necessitated+by+Geopolitics%3A+China%27s+Economic+and+Cultural+Initiatives+in+Central+Asia&rft.btitle=China+under+Xi+Jinping%3A+A+New+Assessment&rft.pub=Leiden+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fjj.15136086%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=9789087284411&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaidar2022" class="citation news cs1">Haidar, Aida (23 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20241203175727/https://astanatimes.com/2022/06/a-conversation-with-president-tokayev-kazakh-leader-addresses-special-session-at-qatar-economic-forum/">"A Conversation with President Tokayev: Kazakh Leader Addresses Special Session at Qatar Economic Forum"</a>. 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Retrieved 16 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zakon.kz&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%85+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82+%D0%BE%D1%82+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC%2C+%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8B+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.date=2014-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zakon.kz%2F4670367-uspekh-razvitija-strany-zavisit-ot.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-269">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_269-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_269-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSatubaldina2020" class="citation web cs1">Satubaldina, Assel (15 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astanatimes.com/2020/12/Tokayev-announces-kazakhstans-pledge-to-reach-carbon-neutrality-by-2060/">"Tokayev Announces Kazakhstan's Pledge to Reach Carbon Neutrality by 2060"</a>. 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Retrieved 2 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Astana+Times&rft.atitle=Tokayev+Announces+Kazakhstan%27s+Pledge+to+Reach+Carbon+Neutrality+by+2060&rft.date=2020-12-15&rft.aulast=Satubaldina&rft.aufirst=Assel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastanatimes.com%2F2020%2F12%2FTokayev-announces-kazakhstans-pledge-to-reach-carbon-neutrality-by-2060%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-270"><a href="#cite_ref-:8_270-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.akorda.kz/kz/events/akorda_news/meetings_and_sittings/kazakstan-prezidenti-kasym-zhomart-tokaevtyn-toragalygymen-sybailas-zhemkorlykka-karsy-is-kimyl-maseleleri-zhoninde-kenes-otti">"Қазақстан Президенті Қасым-Жомарт Тоқаевтың төрағалығымен сыбайлас жемқорлыққа қарсы іс-қимыл мәселелері жөнінде кеңес өтті"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/nazarbaevu-vruchili-medal-20-let-astane-348450/">the original</a> on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%2220+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%22+%E2%80%93+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0+%E2%80%93+Tengrinews&rft.date=2019-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftengrinews.kz%2Fkazakhstan_news%2Fnazarbaevu-vruchili-medal-20-let-astane-348450%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201703020004?index=0&rangeSize=1">"Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 1 марта 2017 года № 93 "О награждении государственными наградами Российской Федерации""</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327092552/http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201703020004?index=0&rangeSize=1">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%82+1+%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0+2017+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%E2%84%96+93+%22%D0%9E+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublication.pravo.gov.ru%2FDocument%2FView%2F0001201703020004%3Findex%3D0%26rangeSize%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><a href="#cite_ref-290">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravoteka.ru/pst/1040/519885.html">"Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 12 декабря 2004 года № 1552 "О награждении орденом Дружбы граждан Республики Казахстан""</a>. Retrieved 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%82+12+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F+2004+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%E2%84%96+1552+%22%D0%9E+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D1%8B+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravoteka.ru%2Fpst%2F1040%2F519885.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/1542008-7193">"Указ Президента Украины от 25 февраля 2008 года № 154 "О награждении государственными наградами Украины граждан Республики Казахстан""</a>. Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090142/https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/1542008-7193">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%9E%D1%84%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%BE%D1%82+25+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F+2008+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%E2%84%96+154+%22%D0%9E+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.gov.ua%2Fdocuments%2F1542008-7193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/nikolic-odlikovao-kazahstanskog-politicara/yfq48zr">"Nikolić odlikovao kazahstanskog političara"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190325092538/https://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/nikolic-odlikovao-kazahstanskog-politicara/yfq48zr">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nikoli%C4%87+odlikovao+kazahstanskog+politi%C4%8Dara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blic.rs%2Fvesti%2Fpolitika%2Fnikolic-odlikovao-kazahstanskog-politicara%2Fyfq48zr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091659/http://iacis.ru/pressroom/news/sovet_mpa_sng/kasym_zhomart_tokaev_kazakhstan_i_rossiya_tesno_vzaimodeystvuyut_v_ramkakh_mpa_sng/">"Касым – Жомарт Токаев: Казахстан и Россия тесно взаимодействуют в рамках МПА СНГ"</a>. 27 March 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iacis.ru/pressroom/news/sovet_mpa_sng/kasym_zhomart_tokaev_kazakhstan_i_rossiya_tesno_vzaimodeystvuyut_v_ramkakh_mpa_sng/">the original</a> on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC+%E2%80%93+%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%3A+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%82+%D0%B2+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85+%D0%9C%D0%9F%D0%90+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%93&rft.date=2019-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiacis.ru%2Fpressroom%2Fnews%2Fsovet_mpa_sng%2Fkasym_zhomart_tokaev_kazakhstan_i_rossiya_tesno_vzaimodeystvuyut_v_ramkakh_mpa_sng%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.levonevsky.org/bazaby/org505/basic/text0128.htm">"Resolution of the Council of the Interparliamentary Assembly of the Commonwealth of Independent States, November 14, 2003"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190325084616/http://pravo.levonevsky.org/bazaby/org505/basic/text0128.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resolution+of+the+Council+of+the+Interparliamentary+Assembly+of+the+Commonwealth+of+Independent+States%2C+November+14%2C+2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravo.levonevsky.org%2Fbazaby%2Forg505%2Fbasic%2Ftext0128.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-295"><a href="#cite_ref-295">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091719/http://www.cis.minsk.by/page.php?id=19215">"Museum of the History of the CIS"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cis.minsk.by/page.php?id=19215">the original</a> on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum+of+the+History+of+the+CIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cis.minsk.by%2Fpage.php%3Fid%3D19215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-296"><a href="#cite_ref-296">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://turkmenportal.com/blog/40779/prezident-kazahstana-nagrazhden-ordenom-turkmenistana-bitaraplyk">"Президент Казахстана награждён Орденом Туркменистана"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025225547/https://turkmenportal.com/blog/40779/prezident-kazahstana-nagrazhden-ordenom-turkmenistana-bitaraplyk">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%91%D0%BD+%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fturkmenportal.com%2Fblog%2F40779%2Fprezident-kazahstana-nagrazhden-ordenom-turkmenistana-bitaraplyk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-297"><a href="#cite_ref-297">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zakon.kz/sobytiia/6451868-kasymzhomarta-tokaeva-nagradili-yubileynoy-medalyu-v-turkmenistane.html">"Касым-Жомарта Токаева наградили юбилейной медалью в Туркменистане"</a>. 10 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D0%B2+%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&rft.date=2024-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zakon.kz%2Fsobytiia%2F6451868-kasymzhomarta-tokaeva-nagradili-yubileynoy-medalyu-v-turkmenistane.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.akorda.kz/en/president/president">"The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan"</a>. www.akorda.kz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.akorda.kz&rft.atitle=The+President+of+the+Republic+of+Kazakhstan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.akorda.kz%2Fen%2Fpresident%2Fpresident&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roerich.kz/publication-rm/mcr/tokaev.htm">"Вручение Касым-Жомарту Токаеву памятной медали С.Н. Рериха и памятного знака "Знамя Мира""</a>. roerich.kz. 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Retrieved 17 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=akipress.com&rft.atitle=Kazakh+President+appoints+his+brother-in-law+as+Ambassador+to+Bulgaria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fakipress.com%2Fnews%3A627941%3AKazakh_President_appoints_his_brother-in-law_as_Ambassador_to_Bulgaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=30100479">"Токаев Касым-Жомарт Кемелевич - персональная справка"</a>. Информационная система ПАРАГРАФ.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%90%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%93%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%A4&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87+-+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.zakon.kz%2FDocument%2F%3Fdoc_id%3D30100479&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astanatimes.com/2020/05/president-Tokayev-celebrates-67th-birthday-in-lockdown-because-of-coronavirus/">"President Tokayev Celebrates 67th Birthday in Lockdown Because of Coronavirus"</a>. The Astana Times. 18 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200604035935/https://astanatimes.com/2020/05/president-Tokayev-celebrates-67th-birthday-in-lockdown-because-of-coronavirus/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Astana+Times&rft.atitle=President+Tokayev+Celebrates+67th+Birthday+in+Lockdown+Because+of+Coronavirus&rft.date=2020-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastanatimes.com%2F2020%2F05%2Fpresident-Tokayev-celebrates-67th-birthday-in-lockdown-because-of-coronavirus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKassym-Jomart+Tokayev" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a> Quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a> at Wikiquote</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kanat_Saudabayev" title="Kanat Saudabayev">Kanat Saudabayev</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> 1994–1999 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Erlan_Idrissov" title="Erlan Idrissov">Erlan Idrissov</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Balgimbayev" title="Nurlan Balgimbayev">Nurlan Balgimbayev</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Prime Minister of Kazakhstan</a> 1999–2002 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Imangali_Tasmagambetov" title="Imangali Tasmagambetov">Imangali Tasmagambetov</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Abish_Kekilbayev" title="Abish Kekilbayev">Abish Kekilbayev</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/State_Secretary_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="State Secretary of Kazakhstan">State Secretary of Kazakhstan</a> 2002–2003 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Erlan_Idrissov" title="Erlan Idrissov">Erlan Idrissov</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> 2002–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marat_Tazhin" class="mw-redirect" title="Marat Tazhin">Marat Tazhin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President of Kazakhstan</a> 2019–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Nursultan Nazarbayev</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Amanat_(political_party)" title="Amanat (political party)">Amanat</a> 2021–2022 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Erlan_Qo%C5%9Fanov" title="Erlan Qoşanov">Erlan Qoşanov</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">President</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> (Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Kazakhstan" title="Security Council of Kazakhstan">Security Council</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Alash_Autonomy.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Alash_Autonomy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Alash_Autonomy.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Alash_Autonomy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alikhan_Bukeikhanov" title="Alikhan Bukeikhanov">Alikhan Bukeikhanov</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925)">Kirghiz ASSR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_(1920-36).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_The_Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic_%281920-36%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Radus-Zenkovich" title="Viktor Radus-Zenkovich">Viktor Radus-Zenkovich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mukhamedkhafiy_Murzagaliyev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev (page does not exist)">Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saken_Seyfullin" class="mw-redirect" title="Saken Seyfullin">Saken Seyfullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nygmet_Nurmakov" title="Nygmet Nurmakov">Nygmet Nurmakov</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Autonomous_Socialist_Soviet_Republic" title="Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic">Kazakh ASSR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Nygmet_Nurmakov" title="Nygmet Nurmakov">Nygmet Nurmakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uraz_Isayev" title="Uraz Isayev">Uraz Isayev</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh SSR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931991);_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_(1991%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uraz_Isayev" title="Uraz Isayev">Uraz Isayev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibragim_Tazhiyev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibragim Tazhiyev (page does not exist)">Ibragim Tazhiyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurtas_Undasynov" title="Nurtas Undasynov">Nurtas Undasynov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elubay_Taibekov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elubay Taibekov (page does not exist)">Elubay Taibekov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinmukhamed_Kunayev" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinmukhamed Kunayev">Dinmukhamed Kunayev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhumabek_Tashenev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhumabek Tashenev (page does not exist)">Zhumabek Tashenev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salken_Daulenov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salken Daulenov (page does not exist)">Salken Daulenov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masymkhan_Beysembayev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masymkhan Beysembayev (page does not exist)">Masymkhan Beysembayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinmukhamed_Kunaev" title="Dinmukhamed Kunaev">Dinmukhamed Kunaev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masymkhan_Beysembayev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masymkhan Beysembayev (page does not exist)">Masymkhan Beysembayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayken_Ashimov" title="Bayken Ashimov">Bayken Ashimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzakbay_Karamanov" title="Uzakbay Karamanov">Uzakbay Karamanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Tereshchenko" title="Sergey Tereshchenko">Sergey Tereshchenko</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/250px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Tereshchenko" title="Sergey Tereshchenko">Sergey Tereshchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akezhan_Kazhegeldin" class="mw-redirect" title="Akezhan Kazhegeldin">Akezhan Kazhegeldin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Balgimbayev" title="Nurlan Balgimbayev">Nurlan Balgimbayev</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imangali_Tasmagambetov" title="Imangali Tasmagambetov">Imangali Tasmagambetov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniyal_Akhmetov" title="Daniyal Akhmetov">Daniyal Akhmetov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karim_Massimov" title="Karim Massimov">Karim Massimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serik_Akhmetov" title="Serik Akhmetov">Serik Akhmetov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karim_Massimov" title="Karim Massimov">Karim Massimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhytzhan_Sagintayev" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakhytzhan Sagintayev">Bakhytzhan Sagintayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askar_Mamin" class="mw-redirect" title="Askar Mamin">Askar Mamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%84lihan_Smaiylov" title="Älihan Smaiylov">Älihan Smaiylov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oljas_Bektenov" title="Oljas Bektenov">Oljas Bektenov</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_heads_of_state_of_republics264" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Heads_of_state_of_republics" title="Template:Heads of state of republics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Heads_of_state_of_republics" title="Template talk:Heads of state of republics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Heads_of_state_of_republics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Heads of state of republics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_heads_of_state_of_republics264" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_heads_of_state_and_government" title="List of current heads of state and government">Current heads of state of republics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria"><img alt="Algeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Abdelmadjid_Tebboune" title="Abdelmadjid Tebboune">Abdelmadjid Tebboune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola"><img alt="Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o" title="João Lourenço">João Lourenço</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin"><img alt="Benin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Patrice_Talon" title="Patrice Talon">Patrice Talon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana"><img alt="Botswana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/40px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/60px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Duma_Boko" title="Duma Boko">Duma Boko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso"><img alt="Burkina Faso" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Traor%C3%A9" title="Ibrahim Traoré">Ibrahim Traoré</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi"><img alt="Burundi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89variste_Ndayishimiye" title="Évariste Ndayishimiye">Évariste Ndayishimiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon"><img alt="Cameroon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/60px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Biya" title="Paul Biya">Paul Biya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde"><img alt="Cape Verde" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/60px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Maria_Neves" title="José Maria Neves">José Maria Neves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic"><img alt="Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Faustin-Archange_Touad%C3%A9ra" title="Faustin-Archange Touadéra">Faustin-Archange Touadéra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad"><img alt="Chad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/60px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mahamat_D%C3%A9by" title="Mahamat Déby">Mahamat Déby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros"><img alt="Comoros" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Azali_Assoumani" title="Azali Assoumani">Azali Assoumani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Democratic Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Tshisekedi" title="Félix Tshisekedi">Félix Tshisekedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Denis_Sassou_Nguesso" title="Denis Sassou Nguesso">Denis Sassou Nguesso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti"><img alt="Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/60px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Isma%C3%AFl_Omar_Guelleh" title="Ismaïl Omar Guelleh">Ismaïl Omar Guelleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi" title="Abdel Fattah el-Sisi">Abdel Fattah el-Sisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea"><img alt="Equatorial Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/60px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo" title="Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo">Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea"><img alt="Eritrea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Isaias_Afwerki" title="Isaias Afwerki">Isaias Afwerki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia"><img alt="Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Taye_Atske_Selassie" title="Taye Atske Selassie">Taye Atske Selassie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon"><img alt="Gabon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Brice_Oligui_Nguema" title="Brice Oligui Nguema">Brice Oligui Nguema</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia"><img alt="The Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/40px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/60px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana"><img alt="Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/John_Mahama" title="John Mahama">John Mahama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea"><img alt="Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mamady_Doumbouya" title="Mamady Doumbouya">Mamady Doumbouya</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau"><img alt="Guinea-Bissau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Umaro_Sissoco_Embal%C3%B3" title="Umaro Sissoco Embaló">Umaro Sissoco Embaló</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast"><img alt="Ivory Coast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alassane_Ouattara" title="Alassane Ouattara">Alassane Ouattara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya"><img alt="Kenya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/William_Ruto" title="William Ruto">William Ruto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia"><img alt="Liberia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Boakai" title="Joseph Boakai">Joseph Boakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya"><img alt="Libya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_al-Menfi" title="Mohamed al-Menfi">Mohamed al-Menfi</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar"><img alt="Madagascar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/40px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/60px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Andry_Rajoelina" title="Andry Rajoelina">Andry Rajoelina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi"><img alt="Malawi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Chakwera" title="Lazarus Chakwera">Lazarus Chakwera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali"><img alt="Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/60px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Assimi_Go%C3%AFta" title="Assimi Goïta">Assimi Goïta</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania"><img alt="Mauritania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Ghazouani" title="Mohamed Ould Ghazouani">Mohamed Ould Ghazouani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius"><img alt="Mauritius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Dharam_Gokhool" title="Dharam Gokhool">Dharam Gokhool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique"><img alt="Mozambique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Chapo" title="Daniel Chapo">Daniel Chapo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia"><img alt="Namibia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Netumbo_Nandi-Ndaitwah" title="Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah">Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger"><img alt="Niger" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Abdourahamane_Tchiani" title="Abdourahamane Tchiani">Abdourahamane Tchiani</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria"><img alt="Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bola_Tinubu" title="Bola Tinubu">Bola Tinubu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda"><img alt="Rwanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kagame" title="Paul Kagame">Paul Kagame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"><img alt="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Brahim_Ghali" title="Brahim Ghali">Brahim Ghali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe"><img alt="São Tomé and Príncipe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Vila_Nova" title="Carlos Vila Nova">Carlos Vila Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bassirou_Diomaye_Faye" title="Bassirou Diomaye Faye">Bassirou Diomaye Faye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles"><img alt="Seychelles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/23px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/35px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/46px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Wavel_Ramkalawan" title="Wavel Ramkalawan">Wavel Ramkalawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone"><img alt="Sierra Leone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Julius_Maada_Bio" title="Julius Maada Bio">Julius Maada Bio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hassan_Sheikh_Mohamud" title="Hassan Sheikh Mohamud">Hassan Sheikh Mohamud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland"><img alt="Somaliland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Abdirahman_Mohamed_Abdullahi" title="Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi">Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa" title="Cyril Ramaphosa">Cyril Ramaphosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan"><img alt="South Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Salva_Kiir_Mayardit" title="Salva Kiir Mayardit">Salva Kiir Mayardit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan"><img alt="Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Transitional_Sovereignty_Council" title="Transitional Sovereignty Council">Transitional Sovereignty Council</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania"><img alt="Tanzania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Samia_Suluhu_Hassan" title="Samia Suluhu Hassan">Samia Suluhu Hassan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo"><img alt="Togo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Faure_Gnassingb%C3%A9" title="Faure Gnassingbé">Faure Gnassingbé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kais_Saied" title="Kais Saied">Kais Saied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda"><img alt="Uganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Yoweri_Museveni" title="Yoweri Museveni">Yoweri Museveni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia"><img alt="Zambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hakainde_Hichilema" title="Hakainde Hichilema">Hakainde Hichilema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe"><img alt="Zimbabwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/60px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Emmerson_Mnangagwa" title="Emmerson Mnangagwa">Emmerson Mnangagwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia"><img alt="Abkhazia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Badra_Gunba" title="Badra Gunba">Badra Gunba</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vahagn_Khachaturyan" title="Vahagn Khachaturyan">Vahagn Khachaturyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh"><img alt="Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Shahabuddin" title="Mohammed Shahabuddin">Mohammed Shahabuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste"><img alt="Timor-Leste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Salome_Zourabichvili" title="Salome Zourabichvili">Salome Zourabichvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Droupadi_Murmu" title="Droupadi Murmu">Droupadi Murmu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Prabowo_Subianto" title="Prabowo Subianto">Prabowo Subianto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/60px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Ali Khamenei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq"><img alt="Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/60px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Latif_Rashid" title="Abdul Latif Rashid">Abdul Latif Rashid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Herzog" title="Isaac Herzog">Isaac Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Kyrgyzstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sadyr_Japarov" title="Sadyr Japarov">Sadyr Japarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos"><img alt="Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/40px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/60px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Thongloun_Sisoulith" title="Thongloun Sisoulith">Thongloun Sisoulith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon"><img alt="Lebanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Aoun" title="Joseph Aoun">Joseph Aoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives"><img alt="Maldives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Muizzu" title="Mohamed Muizzu">Mohamed Muizzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia"><img alt="Mongolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ukhnaagiin_Kh%C3%BCrels%C3%BCkh" title="Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh">Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar"><img alt="Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Min_Aung_Hlaing" title="Min Aung Hlaing">Min Aung Hlaing</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal"><img alt="Nepal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ram_Chandra_Poudel" title="Ram Chandra Poudel">Ram Chandra Poudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea"><img alt="North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong_Un" title="Kim Jong Un">Kim Jong Un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Asif_Ali_Zardari" title="Asif Ali Zardari">Asif Ali Zardari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine"><img alt="Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/60px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Abbas" title="Mahmoud Abbas">Mahmoud Abbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore"><img alt="Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tharman_Shanmugaratnam" title="Tharman Shanmugaratnam">Tharman Shanmugaratnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi Sang-mok</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia"><img alt="South Ossetia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Gagloev" title="Alan Gagloev">Alan Gagloev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka"><img alt="Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/60px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria"><img alt="Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_al-Sharaa" title="Ahmed al-Sharaa">Ahmed al-Sharaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan"><img alt="Tajikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="280" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Emomali_Rahmon" title="Emomali Rahmon">Emomali Rahmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan"><img alt="Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Serdar_Berdimuhamedow" title="Serdar Berdimuhamedow">Serdar Berdimuhamedow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Shavkat_Mirziyoyev" title="Shavkat Mirziyoyev">Shavkat Mirziyoyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" title="Lương Cường">Lương Cường</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/60px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rashad_al-Alimi" title="Rashad al-Alimi">Rashad al-Alimi</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bajram_Begaj" title="Bajram Begaj">Bajram Begaj</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Van_der_Bellen" title="Alexander Van der Bellen">Alexander Van der Bellen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lukashenko" title="Alexander Lukashenko">Alexander Lukashenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Denis_Be%C4%87irovi%C4%87" title="Denis Bećirović">Denis Bećirović</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljka_Cvijanovi%C4%87" title="Željka Cvijanović">Željka Cvijanović</a>, and <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljko_Kom%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Željko Komšić">Željko Komšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rumen_Radev" title="Rumen Radev">Rumen Radev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Zoran_Milanovi%C4%87" title="Zoran Milanović">Zoran Milanović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Christodoulides" title="Nikos Christodoulides">Nikos Christodoulides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Petr_Pavel" title="Petr Pavel">Petr Pavel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alar_Karis" title="Alar Karis">Alar Karis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stubb" title="Alexander Stubb">Alexander Stubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Tasoulas" title="Konstantinos Tasoulas">Konstantinos Tasoulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tam%C3%A1s_Sulyok" title="Tamás Sulyok">Tamás Sulyok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Halla Tómasdóttir">Halla Tómasdóttir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/60px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella" title="Sergio Mattarella">Sergio Mattarella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vjosa_Osmani" title="Vjosa Osmani">Vjosa Osmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Edgars_Rink%C4%93vi%C4%8Ds" title="Edgars Rinkēvičs">Edgars Rinkēvičs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gitanas_Naus%C4%97da" title="Gitanas Nausėda">Gitanas Nausėda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Myriam_Spiteri_Debono" title="Myriam Spiteri Debono">Myriam Spiteri Debono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/60px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Maia_Sandu" title="Maia Sandu">Maia Sandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/40px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/60px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jakov_Milatovi%C4%87" title="Jakov Milatović">Jakov Milatović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gordana_Siljanovska-Davkova" title="Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova">Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Northern Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ersin_Tatar" title="Ersin Tatar">Ersin Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Duda" title="Andrzej Duda">Andrzej Duda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ilie_Bolojan" title="Ilie Bolojan">Ilie Bolojan</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino"><img alt="San Marino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/20px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/31px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/40px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Francesca_Civerchia" title="Francesca Civerchia">Francesca Civerchia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalibor_Riccardi" title="Dalibor Riccardi">Dalibor Riccardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Vu%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Aleksandar Vučić">Aleksandar Vučić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pellegrini" title="Peter Pellegrini">Peter Pellegrini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nata%C5%A1a_Pirc_Musar" title="Nataša Pirc Musar">Nataša Pirc Musar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Viola_Amherd" title="Viola Amherd">Viola Amherd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karin_Keller-Sutter" title="Karin Keller-Sutter">Karin Keller-Sutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guy_Parmelin" title="Guy Parmelin">Guy Parmelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Cassis" title="Ignazio Cassis">Ignazio Cassis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_R%C3%B6sti" title="Albert Rösti">Albert Rösti</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Baume-Schneider" title="Élisabeth Baume-Schneider">Élisabeth Baume-Schneider</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beat_Jans" title="Beat Jans">Beat Jans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria"><img alt="Transnistria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vadim_Krasnoselsky" title="Vadim Krasnoselsky">Vadim Krasnoselsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados"><img alt="Barbados" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/40px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/60px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Mason" title="Sandra Mason">Sandra Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica"><img alt="Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/40px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/60px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Chaves_Robles" title="Rodrigo Chaves Robles">Rodrigo Chaves Robles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba"><img alt="Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/60px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel" title="Miguel Díaz-Canel">Miguel Díaz-Canel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica"><img alt="Dominica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sylvanie_Burton" title="Sylvanie Burton">Sylvanie Burton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic"><img alt="Dominican Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Abinader" title="Luis Abinader">Luis Abinader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador"><img alt="El Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nayib_Bukele" title="Nayib Bukele">Nayib Bukele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala"><img alt="Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Ar%C3%A9valo" title="Bernardo Arévalo">Bernardo Arévalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti"><img alt="Haiti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/40px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/60px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Jean" title="Fritz Jean">Fritz Jean</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras"><img alt="Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/40px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/60px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Xiomara_Castro" title="Xiomara Castro">Xiomara Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/60px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Claudia Sheinbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua"><img alt="Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Ortega" title="Daniel Ortega">Daniel Ortega</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rosario_Murillo" title="Rosario Murillo">Rosario Murillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama"><img alt="Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/40px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/60px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ra%C3%BAl_Mulino" title="José Raúl Mulino">José Raúl Mulino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago"><img alt="Trinidad and Tobago" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/40px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/60px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Christine_Kangaloo" title="Christine Kangaloo">Christine Kangaloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Javier_Milei" title="Javier Milei">Javier Milei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia"><img alt="Bolivia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Arce" title="Luis Arce">Luis Arce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/60px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/60px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Boric" title="Gabriel Boric">Gabriel Boric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia"><img alt="Colombia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Petro" title="Gustavo Petro">Gustavo Petro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador"><img alt="Ecuador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Noboa" title="Daniel Noboa">Daniel Noboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana"><img alt="Guyana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/60px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Irfaan_Ali" title="Irfaan Ali">Irfaan Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay"><img alt="Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/60px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Santiago Peña">Santiago Peña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Dina_Boluarte" title="Dina Boluarte">Dina Boluarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname"><img alt="Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/40px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/60px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Chan_Santokhi" title="Chan Santokhi">Chan Santokhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay"><img alt="Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Yamand%C3%BA_Orsi" title="Yamandú Orsi">Yamandú Orsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji"><img alt="Fiji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Naiqama_Lalabalavu" title="Naiqama Lalabalavu">Naiqama Lalabalavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati"><img alt="Kiribati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Taneti_Maamau" title="Taneti Maamau">Taneti Maamau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands"><img alt="Marshall Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Heine" title="Hilda Heine">Hilda Heine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia"><img alt="Federated States of Micronesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Simina" title="Wesley Simina">Wesley Simina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru"><img alt="Nauru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/David_Adeang" title="David Adeang">David Adeang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau"><img alt="Palau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Surangel_Whipps_Jr." title="Surangel Whipps Jr.">Surangel Whipps Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa"><img alt="Samoa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/40px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/60px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tuimaleali%CA%BBifano_Va%CA%BBaleto%CA%BBa_Sualauvi_II" title="Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II">Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu"><img alt="Vanuatu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/46px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nikenike_Vurobaravu" title="Nikenike Vurobaravu">Nikenike Vurobaravu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Asterisk (*) indicate an acting head of state · Italics indicate a head of state of non-UN member state</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States53" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CIS_leaders" title="Template:CIS leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CIS_leaders" title="Template talk:CIS leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CIS_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CIS leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States53" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Aliyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nikol_Pashinyan" title="Nikol Pashinyan">Pashinyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lukashenko" title="Alexander Lukashenko">Lukashenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tokayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Kyrgyzstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sadyr_Japarov" title="Sadyr Japarov">Japarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/60px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Maia_Sandu" title="Maia Sandu">Sandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan"><img alt="Tajikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="280" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Emomali_Rahmon" title="Emomali Rahmon">Rahmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan"><img alt="Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Serdar_Berdimuhamedow" title="Serdar Berdimuhamedow">Berdimuhamedow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Shavkat_Mirziyoyev" title="Shavkat Mirziyoyev">Mirziyoyev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ECO_leaders49" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_ECO_leaders" title="Template:Current ECO leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_ECO_leaders" title="Template talk:Current ECO leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_ECO_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current ECO leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ECO_leaders49" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">ECO</a> leaders</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hibatullah_Akhundzada" title="Hibatullah Akhundzada">Hibatullah Akhundzada</a> (de facto)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/60px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Ali Khamenei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Kyrgyzstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sadyr_Japarov" title="Sadyr Japarov">Sadyr Japarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Shehbaz_Sharif" title="Shehbaz Sharif">Shehbaz Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan"><img alt="Tajikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="280" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Emomali_Rahmon" title="Emomali Rahmon">Emomali Rahmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan"><img alt="Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Serdar_Berdimuhamedow" title="Serdar Berdimuhamedow">Serdar Berdimuhamedow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Shavkat_Mirziyoyev" title="Shavkat Mirziyoyev">Shavkat Mirziyoyev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200881#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1299" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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